1
|
Lee J, Park J, Song KM, Lee YG, Choi HK. Actinidia arguta Extract Containing Myo-Inositol Suppresses TNF- α-Induced VCAM-1 Expression and Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells via Inhibition of the PTEN/Akt/GSK-3 β and NF- κB Signaling Pathways. J Med Food 2024; 27:419-427. [PMID: 38656897 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary inflammatory process in atherosclerosis, a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, begins with monocyte adhering to vascular endothelial cells. Actinidia arguta (kiwiberry) is an edible fruit that contains various bioactive components. While A. arguta extract (AAE) has been recognized for its anti-inflammatory characteristics, its specific inhibitory effect on early atherogenic events has not been clarified. We used tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for an in vitro model. AAE effectively hindered the attachment of THP-1 monocytes and reduced the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in HUVECs. Transcriptome analysis revealed that AAE treatment upregulated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), subsequently inhibiting phosphorylation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in HUVECs. AAE further hindered phosphorylation of AKT downstream of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, leading to suppression of target gene expression. Oral administration of AAE suppressed TNF-α-stimulated VCAM-1 expression, monocyte-derived macrophage infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine expression in C57BL/6 mouse aortas. Myo-inositol, identified as the major compound in AAE, played a key role in suppressing THP-1 monocyte adhesion in HUVECs. These findings suggest that AAE could serve as a nutraceutical for preventing atherosclerosis by inhibiting its initial pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Lee
- Divisions of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Park
- Divisions of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Mo Song
- Divisions of Strategic Food Technology Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Divisions of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Divisions of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo W, Yang C, Zou J, Yu T, Li M, He R, Chen K, Hell RCR, Gross ER, Zou X, Lu Y. Interleukin-1β polarization in M1 macrophage mediates myocardial fibrosis in diabetes. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111858. [PMID: 38492336 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a global health problem whose common complication is diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by chronic inflammation of the heart muscle. Macrophages are the main white blood cells found in the resting heart. Therefore, we investigated the underling mechanism of macrophage on myocardial fibrosis in diabetes. METHODS Here, echocardiography was utilized to evaluate cardiac function, and the degree of myocardial fibrosis was assessed using Masson's trichrome staining, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the phenotype, function, developmental trajectory, and interactions between immune cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and fibroblasts (FBs) in the hearts of db/db mice at different stages of diabetes. Macrophages and cardiac fibroblasts were also co-cultured in order to study the signaling between macrophages and fibroblasts. RESULTS We found that with the development of diabetes mellitus, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis occurred that was accompanied by cardiac dysfunction. A significant proportion of immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts were identified by RNA sequencing. The most significant changes observed were in macrophages, which undergo M1 polarization and are critical for oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation. We further found that M1 macrophages secreted interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which interacted with the receptor on the surface of fibroblasts, to cause myocardial fibrosis. In addition, crosstalk between M1 macrophages and endothelial cells also plays a key role in fibrosis and immune response regulation through IL-1β and corresponding receptors. CONCLUSIONS M1 macrophages mediate diabetic myocardial fibrosis through interleukin-1β interaction with fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiawei Zou
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Mingde Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ruilin He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rafaela C R Hell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 94305 CA, United States
| | - Eric R Gross
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 94305 CA, United States
| | - Xin Zou
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Ambulatory Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manzo OL, Nour J, Sasset L, Marino A, Rubinelli L, Palikhe S, Smimmo M, Hu Y, Bucci MR, Borczuk A, Elemento O, Freed JK, Norata GD, Di Lorenzo A. Rewiring Endothelial Sphingolipid Metabolism to Favor S1P Over Ceramide Protects From Coronary Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2024; 134:990-1005. [PMID: 38456287 PMCID: PMC11009055 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence correlated changes in bioactive sphingolipids, particularly S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate) and ceramides, with coronary artery diseases. Furthermore, specific plasma ceramide species can predict major cardiovascular events. Dysfunction of the endothelium lining lesion-prone areas plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis. Yet, how sphingolipid metabolism and signaling change and contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis remain poorly understood. METHODS We used an established model of coronary atherosclerosis in mice, combined with sphingolipidomics, RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry, and immunostaining to investigate the contribution of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling to endothelial cell (EC) activation and dysfunction. RESULTS We demonstrated that hemodynamic stress induced an early metabolic rewiring towards endothelial sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis, favoring S1P signaling over ceramides as a protective response. This finding is a paradigm shift from the current belief that ceramide accrual contributes to endothelial dysfunction. The enzyme SPT (serine palmitoyltransferase) commences de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids and is inhibited by NOGO-B (reticulon-4B), an ER membrane protein. Here, we showed that NOGO-B is upregulated by hemodynamic stress in myocardial EC of ApoE-/- mice and is expressed in the endothelium lining coronary lesions in mice and humans. We demonstrated that mice lacking NOGO-B specifically in EC (Nogo-A/BECKOApoE-/-) were resistant to coronary atherosclerosis development and progression, and mortality. Fibrous cap thickness was significantly increased in Nogo-A/BECKOApoE-/- mice and correlated with reduced necrotic core and macrophage infiltration. Mechanistically, the deletion of NOGO-B in EC sustained the rewiring of sphingolipid metabolism towards S1P, imparting an atheroprotective endothelial transcriptional signature. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated that hemodynamic stress induced a protective rewiring of sphingolipid metabolism, favoring S1P over ceramide. NOGO-B deletion sustained the rewiring of sphingolipid metabolism toward S1P protecting EC from activation under hemodynamic stress and refraining coronary atherosclerosis. These findings also set forth the foundation for sphingolipid-based therapeutics to limit atheroprogression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onorina Laura Manzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jasmine Nour
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Balzaretti, 9 – 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Linda Sasset
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alice Marino
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luisa Rubinelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sailesh Palikhe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Martina Smimmo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Yang Hu
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Maria Rosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Alain Borczuk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd. Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Balzaretti, 9 – 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zietz A, Gorey S, Kelly PJ, Katan M, McCabe JJ. Targeting inflammation to reduce recurrent stroke. Int J Stroke 2024; 19:379-387. [PMID: 37800305 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231207777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately one in four stroke patients suffer from recurrent vascular events, underlying the necessity to improve secondary stroke prevention strategies. Immune mechanisms are causally associated with coronary atherosclerosis. However, stroke is a heterogeneous disease and the relative contribution of inflammation across stroke mechanisms is not well understood. The optimal design of future randomized control trials (RCTs) of anti-inflammatory therapies to prevent recurrence after stroke must be informed by a clear understanding of the prognostic role of inflammation according to stroke subtype and individual patient factors. AIM In this narrative review, we discuss (1) inflammatory pathways in the etiology of ischemic stroke subtypes; (2) the evidence on inflammatory markers and vascular recurrence after stroke; and (3) review RCT evidence of anti-inflammatory agents for vascular prevention. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Experimental work, genetic epidemiological data, and plaque-imaging studies all implicate inflammation in atherosclerotic stroke. However, emerging evidence also suggests that inflammatory mechanisms are also important in other stroke mechanisms. Advanced neuroimaging techniques support the role of neuroinflammation in blood-brain barrier dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Systemic inflammatory processes also promote atrial cardiopathy, incident and recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF). Although several inflammatory markers have been associated with recurrence after stroke, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are presently the most promising markers to identify patients at increased vascular risk. Several RCTs have shown that anti-inflammatory therapies reduce vascular risk, including stroke, in coronary artery disease (CAD). Some, but not all of these trials, selected patients on the basis of elevated hsCRP. Although unproven after stroke, targeting inflammation to reduce recurrence is a compelling strategy and several RCTs are ongoing. CONCLUSION Evidence points toward the importance of inflammation across multiple stroke etiologies and potential benefit of anti-inflammatory targets in secondary stroke prevention. Taking the heterogeneous stroke etiologies into account, the use of serum biomarkers could be useful to identify patients with residual inflammatory risk and perform biomarker-led patient selection for future RCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annaelle Zietz
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Gorey
- Health Research Board (HRB) Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland (SCTNI), Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter J Kelly
- Health Research Board (HRB) Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland (SCTNI), Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mira Katan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John J McCabe
- Health Research Board (HRB) Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland (SCTNI), Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Castro R, Adair JH, Mastro AM, Neuberger T, Matters GL. VCAM-1-targeted nanoparticles to diagnose, monitor and treat atherosclerosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:723-735. [PMID: 38420919 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was identified over 2 decades ago as an endothelial adhesion receptor involved in leukocyte recruitment and cell-based immune responses. In atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessels that is the leading cause of death in the USA, endothelial VCAM-1 is robustly expressed beginning in the early stages of the disease. The interactions of circulating immune cells with VCAM-1 on the activated endothelial cell surface promote the uptake of monocytes and the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in susceptible vessels. Herein, we review the role of VCAM-1 in atherosclerosis and the use of VCAM-1 binding peptides, antibodies and aptamers as targeting agents for nanoplatforms for early detection and treatment of atherosclerotic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Castro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - James H Adair
- Department of Materials Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | | - Thomas Neuberger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Gail L Matters
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fishbein I, Inamdar VV, Alferiev IS, Bratinov G, Zviman MM, Yekhilevsky A, Nagaswami C, Gardiner KL, Levy RJ, Stachelek SJ. Hypercholesterolemia exacerbates in-stent restenosis in rabbits: Studies of the mitigating effect of stent surface modification with a CD47-derived peptide. Atherosclerosis 2024; 390:117432. [PMID: 38241977 PMCID: PMC10939830 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypercholesterolemia (HC) has previously been shown to augment the restenotic response in animal models and humans. However, the mechanistic aspects of in-stent restenosis (ISR) on a hypercholesterolemic background, including potential augmentation of systemic and local inflammation precipitated by HC, are not completely understood. CD47 is a transmembrane protein known to abort crucial inflammatory pathways. Our studies have examined the interrelation between HC, inflammation, and ISR and investigated the therapeutic potential of stents coated with a CD47-derived peptide (pepCD47) in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit model. METHODS PepCD47 was immobilized on metal foils and stents using polybisphosphonate coordination chemistry and pyridyldithio/thiol conjugation. Cytokine expression in buffy coat-derived cells cultured over bare metal (BM) and pepCD47-derivatized foils demonstrated an M2/M1 macrophage shift with pepCD47 coating. HC and normocholesterolemic (NC) rabbit cohorts underwent bilateral implantation of BM and pepCD47 stents (HC) or BM stents only (NC) in the iliac location. RESULTS A 40 % inhibition of cell attachment to pepCD47-modified compared to BM surfaces was observed. HC increased neointimal growth at 4 weeks post BM stenting. These untoward outcomes were mitigated in hypercholesterolemic rabbits treated with pepCD47-derivatized stents. Compared to NC animals, inflammatory cytokine immunopositivity and macrophage infiltration of peri-strut areas increased in HC animals and were attenuated in HC rabbits treated with pepCD47 stents. CONCLUSIONS Augmented inflammatory responses underlie severe ISR morphology in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Blockage of initial platelet and leukocyte attachment to stent struts through CD47 functionalization of stents mitigates the pro-restenotic effects of hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Fishbein
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Vaishali V Inamdar
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ivan S Alferiev
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - George Bratinov
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Menekhem M Zviman
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Kristin L Gardiner
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert J Levy
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stanley J Stachelek
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bajpai D, Rajasekar A. Genetic Association of ICAM-1 (rs5498) Gene Polymorphism With Susceptibility to Stage II Grade B Periodontitis: A Case-Control Study in South Indian Population. Cureus 2024; 16:e56629. [PMID: 38650775 PMCID: PMC11034711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the contemporary perspective, periodontitis is considered a complex issue triggered and perpetuated by bacteria but strongly influenced by the way the body reacts to bacterial plaque. Recent research has indicated that variations in genes might have an impact on the development of periodontitis. This study was conducted to explore a probable link between the genetic variations in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) represented by rs5498 and the occurrence of periodontitis. Methods: A total of 100 participants, 50 with periodontitis and 50 with periodontally healthy or mild gingivitis, were recruited for this study. Whole blood drawn from the participants was used to obtain genomic DNA. The ICAM-1 gene polymorphism (rs5498) was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and digestion. The ICAM-1 gene's flanking primers were used to amp up the DNA. For statistical analysis, the genotype that was analyzed using the pattern of restriction fragment length polymorphism was recorded. The Chi-square test compared genotype and allele frequency distributions between both groups. The odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals with each individual allele or genotype was used to compute the risk. Statistical significance was established in all tests when the p-value was less than 0.05. RESULTS There was no discernible difference between the genotype frequencies of patients and controls χ2df (P = 0.6065). The findings demonstrated that no significant difference was present between the two groups for homozygous or heterozygous mutant genotypes (AA vs. AG+GG; P = 0.6854). There was no discernible difference in the detected frequencies of the A allele (58% vs. 61%), G allele (42% vs. 39%), TT (16% vs. 24%), AG (40% vs. 36%), and TT genotypes in the studied groups. CONCLUSION According to the results of the current investigation, the ICAM-1 (rs5498) gene polymorphism is not associated with periodontitis in the population investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devika Bajpai
- Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Arvina Rajasekar
- Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ailuno G, Baldassari S, Balboni A, Pastorino S, Zuccari G, Cortese K, Barbieri F, Drava G, Florio T, Caviglioli G. Development of Biotinylated Liposomes Encapsulating Metformin for Therapeutic Targeting of Inflammation-Based Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:235. [PMID: 38399288 PMCID: PMC10893420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological response to a damaging stimulus but sometimes can be the cause of the onset of neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer. These pathologies are characterized by the overexpression of inflammatory markers like endothelial adhesion molecules, such as Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1). In the present work, the development of liposomes for therapeutic targeted delivery to inflamed endothelia is described. The idea is to exploit a three-step pretargeting system based on the biotin-avidin high-affinity interaction: the first step involves a previously described biotin derivative bearing a VCAM-1 binding peptide; in the second step, the avidin derivative NeutrAvidinTM, which strongly binds to the biotin moiety, is injected; the final step is the administration of biotinylated liposomes that would bind to NeutravidinTM immobilized onto VCAM-1 overexpressing endothelium. Stealth biotinylated liposomes, prepared via the thin film hydration method followed by extrusion and purification via size exclusion chromatography, have been thoroughly characterized for their chemico-physical and morphological features and loaded with metformin hydrochloride, a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The three-step system, tested in vitro on different cell lines via confocal microscopy, FACS analysis and metformin uptake, has proved its suitability for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Sara Pastorino
- Territorial Pharmacy of Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure 2, Via Carlo Collodi 13, 17100 Savona, Italy;
| | - Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 2, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.B.); (T.F.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Caviglioli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (G.D.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ferrell M, Wang Z, Anderson JT, Li XS, Witkowski M, DiDonato JA, Hilser JR, Hartiala JA, Haghikia A, Cajka T, Fiehn O, Sangwan N, Demuth I, König M, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Landmesser U, Tang WHW, Allayee H, Hazen SL. A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk. Nat Med 2024; 30:424-434. [PMID: 38374343 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Despite intensive preventive cardiovascular disease (CVD) efforts, substantial residual CVD risk remains even for individuals receiving all guideline-recommended interventions. Niacin is an essential micronutrient fortified in food staples, but its role in CVD is not well understood. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis of fasting plasma from stable cardiac patients in a prospective discovery cohort (n = 1,162 total, n = 422 females) suggested that niacin metabolism was associated with incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Serum levels of the terminal metabolites of excess niacin, N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2PY) and N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide (4PY), were associated with increased 3-year MACE risk in two validation cohorts (US n = 2,331 total, n = 774 females; European n = 832 total, n = 249 females) (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for 2PY: 1.64 (1.10-2.42) and 2.02 (1.29-3.18), respectively; for 4PY: 1.89 (1.26-2.84) and 1.99 (1.26-3.14), respectively). Phenome-wide association analysis of the genetic variant rs10496731, which was significantly associated with both 2PY and 4PY levels, revealed an association of this variant with levels of soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1). Further meta-analysis confirmed association of rs10496731 with sVCAM-1 (n = 106,000 total, n = 53,075 females, P = 3.6 × 10-18). Moreover, sVCAM-1 levels were significantly correlated with both 2PY and 4PY in a validation cohort (n = 974 total, n = 333 females) (2PY: rho = 0.13, P = 7.7 × 10-5; 4PY: rho = 0.18, P = 1.1 × 10-8). Lastly, treatment with physiological levels of 4PY, but not its structural isomer 2PY, induced expression of VCAM-1 and leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelium in mice. Collectively, these results indicate that the terminal breakdown products of excess niacin, 2PY and 4PY, are both associated with residual CVD risk. They also suggest an inflammation-dependent mechanism underlying the clinical association between 4PY and MACE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ferrell
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James T Anderson
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xinmin S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco Witkowski
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James R Hilser
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jaana A Hartiala
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center at Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomas Cajka
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian König
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center at Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Boutagy NE, Gamez-Mendez A, Fowler JW, Zhang H, Chaube BK, Esplugues E, Kuo A, Lee S, Horikami D, Zhang J, Citrin KM, Singh AK, Coon BG, Lee MY, Suarez Y, Fernandez-Hernando C, Sessa WC. Dynamic metabolism of endothelial triglycerides protects against atherosclerosis in mice. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e170453. [PMID: 38175710 PMCID: PMC10866653 DOI: 10.1172/jci170453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are continually exposed to circulating lipids, and elevation of ApoB-containing lipoproteins causes atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein metabolism is highly regulated by lipolysis, largely at the level of the capillary endothelium lining metabolically active tissues. How large blood vessels, the site of atherosclerotic vascular disease, regulate the flux of fatty acids (FAs) into triglyceride-rich (TG-rich) lipid droplets (LDs) is not known. In this study, we showed that deletion of the enzyme adipose TG lipase (ATGL) in the endothelium led to neutral lipid accumulation in vessels and impaired endothelial-dependent vascular tone and nitric oxide synthesis to promote endothelial dysfunction. Mechanistically, the loss of ATGL led to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation in the endothelium. Consistent with this mechanism, deletion of endothelial ATGL markedly increased lesion size in a model of atherosclerosis. Together, these data demonstrate that the dynamics of FA flux through LD affects endothelial cell homeostasis and consequently large vessel function during normal physiology and in a chronic disease state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E. Boutagy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Ana Gamez-Mendez
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Joseph W.M. Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Hanming Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bal K. Chaube
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Enric Esplugues
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sungwoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Daiki Horikami
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Citrin
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Abhishek K. Singh
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Brian G. Coon
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Monica Y. Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yajaira Suarez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - William C. Sessa
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Cardiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Otunla AA, Shanmugarajah K, Davies AH, Lucia Madariaga M, Shalhoub J. The Biological Parallels Between Atherosclerosis and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: Implications for Solid Organ Chronic Rejection. Cardiol Rev 2024; 32:2-11. [PMID: 38051983 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and solid organ chronic rejection are pervasive chronic disease states that account for significant morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Recently, a series of shared molecular pathways have emerged, revealing biological parallels from early stages of development up to the advanced forms of pathology. These shared mechanistic processes are inflammatory in nature, reflecting the importance of inflammation in both disorders. Vascular inflammation triggers endothelial dysfunction and disease initiation through aberrant vasomotor control and shared patterns of endothelial activation. Endothelial dysfunction leads to the recruitment of immune cells and the perpetuation of the inflammatory response. This drives lesion formation through the release of key cytokines such as IFN-y, TNF-alpha, and IL-2. Continued interplay between the adaptive and innate immune response (represented by T lymphocytes and macrophages, respectively) promotes lesion instability and thrombotic complications; hallmarks of advanced disease in both atherosclerosis and solid organ chronic rejection. The aim of this study is to identify areas of overlap between atherosclerosis and chronic rejection. We then discuss new approaches to improve current understanding of the pathophysiology of both disorders, and eventually design novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afolarin A Otunla
- From the Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alun H Davies
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joseph Shalhoub
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial Vascular Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chetan IM, Vesa ȘC, Domokos Gergely B, Beyer RS, Tomoaia R, Cabau G, Vulturar DM, Pop D, Todea D. Increased Levels of VCAM-1 in Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 12:48. [PMID: 38255155 PMCID: PMC10813101 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity, the link between OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not completely elucidated. Thus, we aim to assess cardiovascular risk (CVR) using SCORE 2 and SCORE 2 for older persons (SCORE 2OP), and to evaluate the association between the endothelial biomarkers VCAM-1, ICAM-1, epicardial fat, and sleep study parameters in order to improve current clinical practices and better understand the short-and long-term CVRs in OSA patients. (2) Methods: 80 OSA patients and 37 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. SCORE2 and SCORE 2 OP regional risk charts (validated algorithms to predict the 10-year risk of first-onset CVD) were used for the analysis of CVR. Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed on all patients and epicardial fat thickness was measured. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 serum levels were assessed in all patients. (3) Results: OSA patients were classified as being at high CVR, regardless of the type of score achieved. Increased EFT was observed in the OSA group. VCAM-1 was associated with a high CVR in OSA patients, but no significant correlation was observed between adhesion molecules and epicardial fat thickness. (4) Conclusions: OSA patients have a high CVR according to the SCORE 2 and SCORE 2OP risk scores. VCAM-1 may be associated with a high CVR in OSA patients. Extending conventional risk stratification scores by adding other potential biomarkers improves the risk stratification and guide treatment eligibility for CVD prevention in the OSA population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Maria Chetan
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (B.D.G.); (D.M.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Ștefan Cristian Vesa
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Domokos Gergely
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (B.D.G.); (D.M.V.); (D.T.)
| | | | - Raluca Tomoaia
- Department of Cardiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.)
| | - Georgiana Cabau
- Department of Medical Genetics, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Damiana Maria Vulturar
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (B.D.G.); (D.M.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Dana Pop
- Department of Cardiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.T.)
| | - Doina Todea
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.-M.C.); (B.D.G.); (D.M.V.); (D.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chan A, Torelli S, Cheng E, Batchelder R, Waliany S, Neal J, Witteles R, Nguyen P, Cheng P, Zhu H. Immunotherapy-Associated Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Findings and Implications for Future Research. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2023; 25:715-735. [PMID: 38213548 PMCID: PMC10776491 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-023-01024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of the Review Even as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the lifespan of many patients, they may also trigger acceleration of long-term cardiovascular disease. Our review aims to examine the current landscape of research on ICI-mediated atherosclerosis and address key questions regarding its pathogenesis and impact on patient management. Recent Findings Preclinical mouse models suggest that T cell dysregulation and proatherogenic cytokine production are key contributors to plaque development after checkpoint inhibition. Clinical data also highlight the significant burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients on immunotherapy, although the value of proactively preventing and treating ASCVD in this population remains an open area of inquiry. Current treatment options include dietary/lifestyle modification and traditional medications to manage hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes risk factors; no current targeted therapies exist. Summary Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial for effective preventive strategies and timely intervention. Future research should focus on refining screening tools, elucidating targetable mechanisms driving ICI atherosclerosis, and evaluating long-term cardiovascular outcomes in cancer survivors who received immunotherapy. Moreover, close collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists is essential to optimize patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Chan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Stefan Torelli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Evaline Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Ryan Batchelder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Sarah Waliany
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Joel Neal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Ronald Witteles
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Patricia Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Paul Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Rm 3500, Biomedical Innovations Building, Stanford, CA 94304 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Terasawa M, Zang L, Hiramoto K, Shimada Y, Mitsunaka M, Uchida R, Nishiura K, Matsuda K, Nishimura N, Suzuki K. Oral Administration of Rhamnan Sulfate from Monostroma nitidum Suppresses Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Cells 2023; 12:2666. [PMID: 37998401 PMCID: PMC10670814 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of rhamnan sulfate (RS), derived from the seaweed Monostroma nitidum, markedly suppresses inflammatory damage in the vascular endothelium and organs of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. This study aimed to analyze whether orally administered RS inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammation of the arteries. ApoE-deficient female mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without RS for 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical and mRNA analyses of atherosclerosis-related genes were performed. The effect of RS on the migration of RAW264.7 cells was also examined in vitro. RS administration suppressed the increase in blood total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In the aorta of HFD-fed mice, RS reduced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, macrophage accumulation, and elevation of VCAM-1 and inhibited the reduction of Robo4. Increased mRNA levels of Vcam1, Mmp9, and Srebp1 in atherosclerotic areas of HFD-fed mice were also suppressed with RS. Moreover, RS directly inhibited the migration of RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Thus, in HFD-fed ApoE-deficient mice, oral administration of RS ameliorated abnormal lipid metabolism and reduced vascular endothelial inflammation and hyperpermeability, macrophage infiltration and accumulation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis. These results suggest that RS is an effective functional food for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terasawa
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mari Mitsunaka
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Kaoru Nishiura
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee SK, Malik RA, Zhou J, Wang W, Gross PL, Weitz JI, Ramachandran R, Trigatti BL. PAR4 Inhibition Reduces Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR Double Knockout Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2165-2178. [PMID: 37675637 PMCID: PMC10597419 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SR-B1 (scavenger receptor class B type 1)/LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate exhibit coronary artery disease characterized by occlusive coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis. Platelets are involved in atherosclerosis development, and PAR (protease-activated receptor) 4 has a prominent role in platelet function in mice. However, the role of PAR4 on coronary artery disease in mice has not been tested. METHODS We tested the effects of a PAR4 inhibitory pepducin (RAG8) on diet-induced aortic sinus and coronary artery atherosclerosis, platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice. SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate and injected daily with 20 mg/kg of either the RAG8 pepducin or a control reverse-sequence pepducin (SRQ8) for 20 days. RESULTS Platelets from the RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced thrombin and PAR4 agonist peptide-mediated activation compared with those from control SRQ8-treated mice when tested ex vivo. Although aortic sinus atherosclerosis levels did not differ, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis, reduced platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries, and reduced myocardial fibrosis. These protective effects were not accompanied by changes in circulating lipids, inflammatory cytokines, or immune cells. However, RAG8-treated mice exhibited reduced VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) protein levels in nonatherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections and reduced leukocyte accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary artery cross sections compared with those from SRQ8-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS The PAR4 inhibitory RAG8 pepducin reduced coronary artery atherosclerosis and myocardial fibrosis in SR-B1/LDLR double knockout mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet containing cholate. Furthermore, RAG8 reduced VCAM-1 in nonatherosclerotic coronary arteries and reduced leukocyte and platelet accumulation in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. These findings identify PAR4 as an attractive target in reducing coronary artery disease development, and the use of RAG8 may potentially be beneficial in cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K. Lee
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Rida A. Malik
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Ji Zhou
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Peter L. Gross
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Jeffrey I. Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (R.A.M., J.Z., P.L.G., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| | - Rithwik Ramachandran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.R.)
| | - Bernardo L. Trigatti
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., R.A.M., J.Z., W.W., P.L.G., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.K.L., W.W., J.I.W., B.L.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang HW, Hsu MJ, Chien LN, Chi NF, Yu MC, Chen HC, Lin YF, Hu CJ. Role of the Autism Risk Gene Shank3 in the Development of Atherosclerosis: Insights from Big Data and Mechanistic Analyses. Cells 2023; 12:2546. [PMID: 37947623 PMCID: PMC10647789 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased medical attention is needed as the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) rises. Both cardiovascular disorder (CVD) and hyperlipidemia are closely associated with adult ASD. Shank3 plays a key genetic role in ASD. We hypothesized that Shank3 contributes to CVD development in young adults with ASD. In this study, we investigated whether Shank3 facilitates the development of atherosclerosis. Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis software (Version No.: GSEA-4.0.3), we analyzed the data obtained from Shank3 knockout mice (Gene Expression Omnibus database), a human population-based study cohort (from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database), and a Shank3 knockdown cellular model. Shank3 knockout upregulated the expression of genes of cholesterol homeostasis and fatty acid metabolism but downregulated the expression of genes associated with inflammatory responses. Individuals with autism had higher risks of hyperlipidemia (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.39; p < 0.001), major adverse cardiac events (aHR: 2.67; p < 0.001), and stroke (aHR: 3.55; p < 0.001) than age- and sex-matched individuals without autism did. Shank3 downregulation suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α-induced fatty acid synthase expression; vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression; and downstream signaling pathways involving p38, Jun N-terminal kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. Thus, Shank3 may influence the development of early-onset atherosclerosis and CVD in ASD. Furthermore, regulating Shank3 expression may reduce inflammation-related disorders, such as atherosclerosis, by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated inflammatory cascades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City 22174, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan (H.-C.C.)
| | - Li-Nien Chien
- Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Nai-Fang Chi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11267, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Chieh Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan (H.-C.C.)
| | - Hsiu-Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan (H.-C.C.)
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pickett JR, Wu Y, Zacchi LF, Ta HT. Targeting endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in atherosclerosis: drug discovery and development of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-directed novel therapeutics. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2278-2293. [PMID: 37595265 PMCID: PMC10597632 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) has been well established as a critical contributor to atherosclerosis and consequently as an attractive therapeutic target for anti-atherosclerotic drug candidates. Many publications have demonstrated that disrupting the VCAM-1 function blocks monocyte infiltration into the sub-endothelial space, which effectively prevents macrophage maturation and foam cell transformation necessary for atherosclerotic lesion formation. Currently, most VCAM-1-inhibiting drug candidates in pre-clinical and clinical testing do not directly target VCAM-1 itself but rather down-regulate its expression by inhibiting upstream cytokines and transcriptional regulators. However, the pleiotropic nature of these regulators within innate immunity means that optimizing dosage to a level that suppresses pathological activity while preserving normal physiological function is extremely challenging and oftentimes infeasible. In recent years, highly specific pharmacological strategies that selectively inhibit VCAM-1 function have emerged, particularly peptide- and antibody-based novel therapeutics. Studies in such VCAM-1-directed therapies so far remain scarce and are limited by the constraints of current experimental atherosclerosis models in accurately representing the complex pathophysiology of the disease. This has prompted the need for a comprehensive review that recounts the evolution of VCAM-1-directed pharmaceuticals and addresses the current challenges in novel anti-atherosclerotic drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Pickett
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yuao Wu
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Lucia F Zacchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, the University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hang T Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, West Creek Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vu T, Smith JA. The pathophysiology and management of depression in cardiac surgery patients. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1195028. [PMID: 37928924 PMCID: PMC10623009 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1195028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is common in the cardiac surgery population. This contemporary narrative review aims to explore the main pathophysiological disturbances underpinning depression specifically within the cardiac surgery population. The common non-pharmacological and pharmacological management strategies used to manage depression within the cardiac surgery patient population are also explored. Methods A total of 1291 articles were identified through Ovid Medline and Embase. The findings from 39 studies were included for qualitative analysis in this narrative review. Results Depression is associated with several pathophysiological and behavioral factors which increase the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease which may ultimately require surgical intervention. The main pathophysiological factors contributing to depression are well characterized and include autonomic nervous system dysregulation, excessive inflammation and disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. There are also several behavioral factors in depressed patients associated with the development of coronary heart disease including poor diet, insufficient exercise, poor compliance with medications and reduced adherence to cardiac rehabilitation. The common preventative and management modalities used for depression following cardiac surgery include preoperative and peri-operative education, cardiac rehabilitation, cognitive behavioral therapy, religion/prayer/spirituality, biobehavioral feedback, anti-depressant medications, and statins. Conclusion This contemporary review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to depression following cardiac surgery and the current management modalities. Further studies on the preventative and management strategies for postoperative depression in the cardiac surgery patient population are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Vu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian A. Smith
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Teichmann E, Blessing E, Hinz B. Non-Psychoactive Phytocannabinoids Inhibit Inflammation-Related Changes of Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2389. [PMID: 37830604 PMCID: PMC10571842 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is associated with vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, chronic vascular inflammation, and leukocyte adhesion. In view of the cardioprotective effects of cannabinoids described in recent years, the present study investigated the impact of the non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) on proliferation and migration of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) and on inflammatory markers in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). In HCASMC, CBD and THCV at nontoxic concentrations exhibited inhibitory effects on platelet-derived growth factor-triggered proliferation (CBD) and migration (CBD, THCV). When interleukin (IL)-1β- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated HCAEC were examined, both cannabinoids showed a concentration-dependent decrease in the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), which was mediated independently of classical cannabinoid receptors and was not accompanied by a comparable inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Further inhibitor experiments demonstrated that reactive oxygen species, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, histone deacetylase, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) underlie IL-1β- and LPS-induced expression of VCAM-1. In this context, CBD and THCV were shown to inhibit phosphorylation of NF-κB regulators in LPS- but not IL-1β-stimulated HCAEC. Stimulation of HCAEC with IL-1β and LPS was associated with increased adhesion of monocytes, which, however, could not be significantly abolished by CBD and THCV. In summary, the results highlight the potential of the non-psychoactive cannabinoids CBD and THCV to regulate inflammation-related changes in HCASMC and HCAEC. Considering their effect on both cell types studied, further preclinical studies could address the use of CBD and THCV in drug-eluting stents for coronary interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (E.T.); (E.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bourrie BCT, Forgie AJ, Makarowski A, Cotter PD, Richard C, Willing BP. Consumption of kefir made with traditional microorganisms resulted in greater improvements in LDL cholesterol and plasma markers of inflammation in males when compared to a commercial kefir: a randomized pilot study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2023; 48:668-677. [PMID: 37224566 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Kefir has long been associated with health benefits; however, recent evidence suggests that these benefits are dependent on the specific microbial composition of the kefir consumed. This study aimed to compare how consumption of a commercial kefir without traditional kefir organisms and a pitched kefir containing traditional organisms affected plasma lipid levels, glucose homeostasis, and markers of endothelial function and inflammation in males with elevated LDL cholesterol. We utilized a crossover design in n = 21 participants consisting of two treatments of 4 weeks each in random order separated by a 4-week washout. Participants received either commercial kefir or pitched kefir containing traditional kefir organisms for each treatment period. Participants consumed 2 servings of kefir (350 g) per day. Plasma lipid profile, glucose, insulin, markers of endothelial function, and inflammation were measured in the fasting state before and after each treatment period. Differences within each treatment period and comparison of treatment delta values were performed using paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, respectively. When compared to baseline, pitched kefir consumption reduced LDL-C, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, while commercial kefir consumption increased TNF-α. Pitched kefir consumption resulted in greater reductions in IL-8, CRP, VCAM-1, and TNF-α when compared to commercial kefir consumption. These findings provide strong evidence that microbial composition is an important factor in the metabolic health benefits associated with kefir consumption. They also provide support for larger studies examining these to assess whether traditional kefir organisms are necessary to confer health benefits to individuals at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C T Bourrie
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Forgie
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander Makarowski
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Caroline Richard
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin P Willing
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McCabe JJ, Evans NR, Gorey S, Bhakta S, Rudd JHF, Kelly PJ. Imaging Carotid Plaque Inflammation Using Positron Emission Tomography: Emerging Role in Clinical Stroke Care, Research Applications, and Future Directions. Cells 2023; 12:2073. [PMID: 37626883 PMCID: PMC10453446 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory condition of the vasculature and a leading cause of stroke. Luminal stenosis severity is an important factor in determining vascular risk. Conventional imaging modalities, such as angiography or duplex ultrasonography, are used to quantify stenosis severity and inform clinical care but provide limited information on plaque biology. Inflammatory processes are central to atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is a validated technique for quantifying plaque inflammation. In this review, we discuss the evolution of FDG-PET as an imaging modality to quantify plaque vulnerability, challenges in standardization of image acquisition and analysis, its potential application to routine clinical care after stroke, and the possible role it will play in future drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J. McCabe
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicholas R. Evans
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Box 83, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (N.R.E.); (S.B.)
| | - Sarah Gorey
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shiv Bhakta
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Box 83, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (N.R.E.); (S.B.)
| | - James H. F. Rudd
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Peter J. Kelly
- Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network Ireland, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland; (S.G.); (P.J.K.)
- Neurovascular Unit for Applied Translational and Therapeutics Research, Catherine McAuley Centre, Nelson Street, D07 KX5K Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Stroke Service, Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Simeunovic A, Brunborg C, Heier M, Seljeflot I, Dahl-Jørgensen K, Margeirsdottir HD. Sustained low-grade inflammation in young participants with childhood onset type 1 diabetes: The Norwegian atherosclerosis and childhood diabetes (ACD) study. Atherosclerosis 2023; 379:117151. [PMID: 37349194 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. Early inflammation is important in the development of atherosclerosis. We aimed to evaluate the extent of inflammation and difference in mean over a five-year period in young persons with T1D compared to healthy controls. METHODS The Norwegian Atherosclerosis and Childhood Diabetes (ACD) study is a prospective population-based cohort study on atherosclerosis development in childhood-onset T1D compared to healthy controls, with follow-ups every fifth year. The original study cohort consisted of 314 children with T1D on intensive insulin treatment and 120 healthy controls of similar age. Circulating levels of VCAM-1, TNA-α, P-selectin, E-selectin, CRP, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISAs at baseline and at the five-year follow-up. RESULTS The group with T1D had mean age 13.7 (SD = 2.8) years, disease duration 5.6 (SD = 3.4) years and HbA1c 68 (SD = 13.1) mmol/mol at baseline. Levels of almost all inflammatory markers were significantly increased in the group with T1D compared to controls, and significant mean-difference between the two groups over the five-year period was observed in four markers: IL-18, P-selectin, E-selectin and TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS The early low-grade inflammation present in young individuals with T1D five years after diagnosis is sustained at ten-year disease duration, with moderate changes for most markers of inflammation over time. The evolving inflammatory profile indicates an accelerated chain of events in the progression of early atheromatosis in T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Simeunovic
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cathrine Brunborg
- Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Heier
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway; Center for Clinical Heart Research and Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Dahl-Jørgensen
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Dis Margeirsdottir
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Oslo Diabetes Research Centre, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Festa J, Hussain A, Hackney A, Desai U, Sahota TS, Singh H, Da Boit M. Elderberry extract improves molecular markers of endothelial dysfunction linked to atherosclerosis. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4047-4059. [PMID: 37457144 PMCID: PMC10345675 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED), secondary to diminished nitric oxide (NO) production and oxidative stress, is an early subclinical marker of atherosclerosis. Reduced NO bioavailability enhances the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and promotes atherosclerosis. Elderberry extract (EB) is known to contain high levels of anthocyanins which could exert vascular protective effects. Specifically, we investigated the functional capacity of EB on various markers of ED. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were pretreated with EB 50 μg/mL and stimulated with TNF-α 10 ng/mL. Cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress; eNOS, Akt, Nrf2, NOX-4, and NF-κB at the protein level were measured. A co-culture model was used to determine whether EB could prevent the adhesion of monocytes (THP-1) to HUVECs. Moreover, the expression of adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also measured. It was demonstrated that EB prevented TNF-α induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production in HUVECs. Additionally, EB upregulated Akt and eNOS activity, and Nrf2 expression in response to TNF-α, whereas it decreased NOX-4 expression and NF-κB activity. EB prevented the adhesion of monocytes to HUVECs, as well as reduced IL-6 and MCP-1 levels, which was associated with inhibition of VCAM-1 expression. Our results demonstrate that EB upregulates key cellular markers of endothelial function and ameliorates markers of ED. EB could be used as a potential nutritional aid for preventing atherosclerosis progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Festa
- Leicester School of Allied Health SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Aamir Hussain
- Leicester School of Allied Health SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Amon Hackney
- Leicester School of Allied Health SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Unmesh Desai
- Leicester School of PharmacyFaculty of Health and Life SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Tarsem S. Sahota
- Leicester School of PharmacyFaculty of Health and Life SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Harprit Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| | - Mariasole Da Boit
- Leicester School of Allied Health SciencesDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dri E, Lampas E, Lazaros G, Lazarou E, Theofilis P, Tsioufis C, Tousoulis D. Inflammatory Mediators of Endothelial Dysfunction. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1420. [PMID: 37374202 DOI: 10.3390/life13061420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is characterized by imbalanced vasodilation and vasoconstriction, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory factors, as well as deficiency of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. It has been reported that the maintenance of endothelial cell integrity serves a significant role in human health and disease due to the involvement of the endothelium in several processes, such as regulation of vascular tone, regulation of hemostasis and thrombosis, cell adhesion, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and vascular inflammation. Inflammatory modulators/biomarkers, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor α, or alternative anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), involved in atherosclerosis progression have been shown to predict cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, several signaling pathways, such as NLRP3 inflammasome, that are associated with the inflammatory response and the disrupted H2S bioavailability are postulated to be new indicators for endothelial cell inflammation and its associated endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of a plethora of reviews, research articles, and clinical trials concerning the key inflammatory modulators and signaling pathways in atherosclerosis due to endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Dri
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Lampas
- Department of Cardiology, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Emilia Lazarou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bosseboeuf E, Chikh A, Chaker AB, Mitchell TP, Vignaraja D, Rajendrakumar R, Khambata RS, Nightingale TD, Mason JC, Randi AM, Ahluwalia A, Raimondi C. Neuropilin-1 interacts with VE-cadherin and TGFBR2 to stabilize adherens junctions and prevent activation of endothelium under flow. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabo4863. [PMID: 37220183 PMCID: PMC7614756 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo4863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Linear and disturbed flow differentially regulate gene expression, with disturbed flow priming endothelial cells (ECs) for a proinflammatory, atheroprone expression profile and phenotype. Here, we investigated the role of the transmembrane protein neuropilin-1 (NRP1) in ECs exposed to flow using cultured ECs, mice with an endothelium-specific knockout of NRP1, and a mouse model of atherosclerosis. We demonstrated that NRP1 was a constituent of adherens junctions that interacted with VE-cadherin and promoted its association with p120 catenin, stabilizing adherens junctions and inducing cytoskeletal remodeling in alignment with the direction of flow. We also showed that NRP1 interacted with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor II (TGFBR2) and reduced the plasma membrane localization of TGFBR2 and TGF-β signaling. NRP1 knockdown increased the abundance of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, resulting in increased leukocyte rolling and atherosclerotic plaque size. These findings describe a role for NRP1 in promoting endothelial function and reveal a mechanism by which NRP1 reduction in ECs may contribute to vascular disease by modulating adherens junction signaling and promoting TGF-β signaling and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emy Bosseboeuf
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anissa Chikh
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Ahmed Bey Chaker
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tom P. Mitchell
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Microvascular Research, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Dhilakshani Vignaraja
- Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ridhi Rajendrakumar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rayomand S. Khambata
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thomas D. Nightingale
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Microvascular Research, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Justin C. Mason
- Vascular Sciences, National Heart & Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Anna M. Randi
- Vascular Sciences, National Heart & Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claudio Raimondi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Haydinger CD, Ashander LM, Tan ACR, Smith JR. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1: More than a Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050743. [PMID: 37237555 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on the surface of multiple cell populations and upregulated by inflammatory stimuli. It mediates cellular adhesive interactions by binding to the β2 integrins macrophage antigen 1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen 1, as well as other ligands. It has important roles in the immune system, including in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and transendothelial migration, and at the immunological synapse formed between lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. ICAM-1 has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases from cardiovascular diseases to autoimmune disorders, certain infections, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the structure and regulation of the ICAM1 gene and the ICAM-1 protein. We discuss the roles of ICAM-1 in the normal immune system and a selection of diseases to highlight the breadth and often double-edged nature of its functions. Finally, we discuss current therapeutics and opportunities for advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D Haydinger
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Liam M Ashander
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Alwin Chun Rong Tan
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Justine R Smith
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Keihanian F, Moohebati M, Saeidinia A, Mohajeri SA. Iranian traditional medicinal plants for management of chronic heart failure: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33636. [PMID: 37171363 PMCID: PMC10174410 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure is a public health problem with a high prevalence worldwide and an important topic in clinical cardiology. Despite of advances in the drug treatment strategy for heart failure, the number of deaths from this condition continues to rise. It will be a renewed focus on preventing heart failure using proven and perhaps novel drugs. Management will also focus on comorbid conditions that may influence the progression of the disease. Traditional medicine has a potential to introduce different approaches for treatment of some disorders. We here reviewed top medicinal plants, according to traditional medicine to experimental studies, and their potency for the treatment of chronic heart failure based on the evidence of their functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Keihanian
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cardiovascular Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moohebati
- Cardiovascular Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Saeidinia
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pediatric Department, Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fu Y, Qiu J, Wu J, Zhang L, Wei F, Lu L, Wang C, Zeng Z, Liang S, Zheng J. USP14-mediated NLRC5 upregulation inhibits endothelial cell activation and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159258. [PMID: 36372300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to a variety of life-threatening cardiovascular diseases, is a worldwide public health concern. Endothelial cells (ECs), which line the inside of blood vessels, play an important role in atherogenic initiation. Endothelial activation and inflammation are indispensable for the early stage of atherosclerosis. Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14), a deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates the stability and activity of target proteins, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for many inflammatory diseases. However, the role of USP14 on ECs is undefined. In this study, we found that USP14 is downregulated in either atherosclerosis patient specimens or oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated ECs as compared to the control group. Overexpression of USP14 in ECs restrains ox-LDL-stimulated nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and subsequent adhesion molecule production. USP14 inhibits endothelium proinflammatory activation by suppressing the degradation of the negative regulator of NF-κB signaling, nod-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain family domain containing 5 (NLRC5). Finally, our in vivo experiments confirmed that USP14 adenovirus injection in apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed with a western diet reduced the atherosclerotic lesion size, inhibited macrophage accumulation in the intima, and restricted the progression of atherosclerosis. Our results reveal that USP14 may represent a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisui Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shenshan Medical Center, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, China
| | - Liuyi Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaopei Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xu H, She P, Zhao Z, Ma B, Li G, Wang Y. Duplex Responsive Nanoplatform with Cascade Targeting for Atherosclerosis Photoacoustic Diagnosis and Multichannel Combination Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300439. [PMID: 36828777 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The culprits of atherosclerosis are endothelial damage, local disorders of lipid metabolism, and progressive inflammation. Early atherosclerosis is typically difficult to diagnose in time due to the lack of obvious symptoms, thus missing the best period of treatment. In this work, a π-conjugated polymer (PMeTPP-MBT) based on 3,6-bis(4-methylthiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione is designed as a novel photoacoustic contrast agent. On this basis, an intelligent responsive theranostic nanoplatform (PA/ASePSD) combining astaxanthin and SS-31 peptide and loading with PMeTPP-MBT is developed. The high affinity between the dextran shell with the broken endothelial surface VCAM-1 and CD44 confers active targeting of PA/ASePSD to atherosclerotic lesions. High levels of ROS in the acidic plaque microenvironment act as an intelligent cascade switch to achieve controlled release of astaxanthin, SS-31 peptide, and PMeTPP-MBT for non-invasive photoacoustic diagnosis, as well as plaque inhibition mediated by anti-inflammation and multichannel regulation (including ABCA1, ABCG1, CD36, and LOX-1) of lipid metabolism. Both in vitro and in vivo evaluations confirm the impressive anti-atherosclerotic capability and the accurate photoacoustic diagnosis of PA/ASePSD nanoparticles, thus promising a candidate for early-stage atherosclerosis theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Peiyi She
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Boxuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Gaocan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kolobarić N, Mihalj M, Kozina N, Matić A, Mihaljević Z, Jukić I, Drenjančević I. Tff3-/- Knock-Out Mice with Altered Lipid Metabolism Exhibit a Lower Level of Inflammation following the Dietary Intake of Sodium Chloride for One Week. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087315. [PMID: 37108475 PMCID: PMC10138311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A high salt intake causes hemodynamic changes and promotes immune response through cell activation and cytokine production, leading to pro-inflammatory conditions. Transgenic Tff3-/- knock-out mice (TFF3ko) (n = 20) and wild-type mice (WT) (n = 20) were each divided into the (1) low-salt (LS) group and (2) high-salt (HS) group. Ten-week-old animals were fed with standard rodent chow (0.4% NaCl) (LS) or food containing 4% NaCl (HS) for one week (7 days). Inflammatory parameters from the sera were measured by Luminex assay. The integrin expression and rates of T cell subsets of interest from the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were measured using flow cytometry. There was a significant increase in high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) only in the WT mice following the HS diet, while there were no significant changes in the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, or IL-6 as a response to treatment in either study groups. The rates of CD4+CD25+ T cells from MLNs decreased, while CD3+γδTCR+ from peripheral blood increased following the HS diet only in TFF3ko. γδTCR expressing T cell rates decreased in WT following the HS diet. The CD49d/VLA-4 expression decreased in the peripheral blood leukocytes in both groups following the HS diet. CD11a/LFA-1 expression significantly increased only in the peripheral blood Ly6C-CD11ahigh monocytes in WT mice following salt loading. In conclusion, salt-loading in knock-out mice caused a lower level of inflammatory response compared with their control WT mice due to gene depletion.
Collapse
Grants
- #IP-2014-09-6380/V-ELI Athero, PI I. Drenjančević Croatian Science Foundation
- VIF-2018-MEFOS-09-1509 (The influence of increased NaCl values on endothelial function in model TFF-/- mice and HAEC cell cultures) Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
- VIF-2019-MEFOS (The effect of increased NaCl values on the mechanisms of vascular reactivity in model of Tff3-/- mice and HAEC cell cultures, PI I. Drenjančević) Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
- VIF-2020-MEFOS (The effect of increased NaCl values on the mechanisms of vascular reactivity in model of Tff3-/- mice, Sprague-Dawley rats and HAEC cell cultures, PI I. Drenjančević) Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Osijek University Hospital, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mu X, Gerhard-Herman MD, Zhang YS. Building Blood Vessel Chips with Enhanced Physiological Relevance. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 8:2201778. [PMID: 37693798 PMCID: PMC10489284 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202201778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessel chips are bioengineered microdevices, consisting of biomaterials, human cells, and microstructures, which recapitulate essential vascular structure and physiology and allow a well-controlled microenvironment and spatial-temporal readouts. Blood vessel chips afford promising opportunities to understand molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying a range of vascular diseases. The physiological relevance is key to these blood vessel chips that rely on bioinspired strategies and bioengineering approaches to translate vascular physiology into artificial units. Here, we discuss several critical aspects of vascular physiology, including morphology, material composition, mechanical properties, flow dynamics, and mass transport, which provide essential guidelines and a valuable source of bioinspiration for the rational design of blood vessel chips. We also review state-of-art blood vessel chips that exhibit important physiological features of the vessel and reveal crucial insights into the biological processes and disease pathogenesis, including rare diseases, with notable implications for drug screening and clinical trials. We envision that the advances in biomaterials, biofabrication, and stem cells improve the physiological relevance of blood vessel chips, which, along with the close collaborations between clinicians and bioengineers, enable their widespread utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Mu
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Marie Denise Gerhard-Herman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Billah M, Naz A, Noor R, Bhindi R, Khachigian LM. Early Growth Response-1: Friend or Foe in the Heart? Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:e23-e35. [PMID: 37024319 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Early growth response-1 (Egr-1) plays a critical regulatory role in a range of experimental models of cardiovascular diseases. Egr-1 is an immediate-early gene and is upregulated by various stimuli including shear stress, oxygen deprivation, oxidative stress and nutrient deprivation. However, recent research suggests a new, underexplored cardioprotective side of Egr-1. The main purpose of this review is to explore and summarise the dual nature of Egr-1 in cardiovascular pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muntasir Billah
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Adiba Naz
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rashed Noor
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ravinay Bhindi
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Quarta S, Scoditti E, Zonno V, Siculella L, Damiano F, Carluccio MA, Pagliara P. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Vasculoprotective Effects of Red Cell Extract from the Black Sea Urchin Arbacia lixula. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071672. [PMID: 37049512 PMCID: PMC10096920 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties relevant to human health. Since inflammation is a crucial pathogenic process in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, we here assessed the potential anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective effects of coelomic red-cell methanolic extract of the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula in an in vitro model of endothelial cell dysfunction. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were pretreated with A. lixula red-cell extract (10 and 100 μg/mL) before exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The extract was non-toxic after 24 h cell treatment and was characterized by antioxidant power and phenol content. The TNF-α-stimulated expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and cytokines/chemokines (MCP-1, CCL-5, IL-6, IL-8, M-CSF) was significantly attenuated by A. lixula red-cell extract. This was functionally accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis towards activated endothelial cells. At the molecular level, the tested extract significantly counteracted the TNF-α-stimulated activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. These results provide evidence of potential anti-atherosclerotic properties of A. lixula red-cell extract, and open avenues in the discovery and development of dietary supplements and/or drugs for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Quarta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zonno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Modulation of Endothelial Function by TMAO, a Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065806. [PMID: 36982880 PMCID: PMC10054148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial function is essential in the maintenance of systemic homeostasis, whose modulation strictly depends on the proper activity of tissue-specific angiocrine factors on the physiopathological mechanisms acting at both single and multi-organ levels. Several angiocrine factors take part in the vascular function itself by modulating vascular tone, inflammatory response, and thrombotic state. Recent evidence has outlined a strong relationship between endothelial factors and gut microbiota-derived molecules. In particular, the direct involvement of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the development of endothelial dysfunction and its derived pathological outcomes, such as atherosclerosis, has come to light. Indeed, the role of TMAO in the modulation of factors strictly related to the development of endothelial dysfunction, such as nitric oxide, adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and selectins), and IL-6, has been widely accepted. The aim of this review is to present the latest studies that describe a direct role of TMAO in the modulation of angiocrine factors primarily involved in the development of vascular pathologies.
Collapse
|
35
|
Troncoso MF, Díaz-Vesga MC, Sanhueza-Olivares F, Riquelme JA, Müller M, Garrido L, Gabrielli L, Chiong M, Corbalan R, Castro PF, Lavandero S. Targeting VCAM-1: a therapeutic opportunity for vascular damage. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:207-223. [PMID: 36880349 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2187778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) is a transmembrane sialoglycoprotein detected in activated endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells involved in the adhesion and transmigration of inflammatory cells into damaged tissue. Widely used as a pro-inflammatory marker, its potential role as a targeting molecule has not been thoroughly explored. AREAS COVERED We discuss the current evidence supporting the potential targeting of VCAM-1 in atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension and ischemia/reperfusion injury. EXPERT OPINION There is emerging evidence that VCAM-1 is more than a biomarker and may be a promising therapeutic target for vascular diseases. While there are neutralizing antibodies that allow preclinical research, the development of pharmacological tools to activate or inhibit this protein are required to thoroughly assess its therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayarling F Troncoso
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magda C Díaz-Vesga
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Cali, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime A Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marioly Müller
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Garrido
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- Division Surgery, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramon Corbalan
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Division Surgery, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Anisimov A, Fang S, Hemanthakumar KA, Örd T, van Avondt K, Chevre R, Toropainen A, Singha P, Gilani H, Nguyen SD, Karaman S, Korhonen EA, Adams RH, Augustin HG, Öörni K, Soehnlein O, Kaikkonen MU, Alitalo K. The angiopoietin receptor Tie2 is atheroprotective in arterial endothelium. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:307-321. [PMID: 37476204 PMCID: PMC7614785 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Leukocytes and resident cells in the arterial wall contribute to atherosclerosis, especially at sites of disturbed blood flow. Expression of endothelial Tie1 receptor tyrosine kinase is enhanced at these sites, and attenuation of its expression reduces atherosclerotic burden and decreases inflammation. However, Tie2 tyrosine kinase function in atherosclerosis is unknown. Here we provide genetic evidence from humans and from an atherosclerotic mouse model to show that TIE2 is associated with protection from coronary artery disease. We show that deletion of Tie2, or both Tie2 and Tie1, in the arterial endothelium promotes atherosclerosis by increasing Foxo1 nuclear localization, endothelial adhesion molecule expression and accumulation of immune cells. We also show that Tie2 is expressed in a subset of aortic fibroblasts, and its silencing in these cells increases expression of inflammation-related genes. Our findings indicate that unlike Tie1, the Tie2 receptor functions as the dominant endothelial angiopoietin receptor that protects from atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Anisimov
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shentong Fang
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiit Örd
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristof van Avondt
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center of Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Raphael Chevre
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center of Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anu Toropainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Prosanta Singha
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Huda Gilani
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Su D. Nguyen
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sinem Karaman
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emilia A. Korhonen
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Neurovascular Cell Biology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf H. Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut G. Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katariina Öörni
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center of Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Minna U. Kaikkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Arends CM, Liman TG, Strzelecka PM, Kufner A, Löwe P, Huo S, Stein CM, Piper SK, Tilgner M, Sperber PS, Dimitriou S, Heuschmann PU, Hablesreiter R, Harms C, Bullinger L, Weber JE, Endres M, Damm F. Associations of clonal hematopoiesis with recurrent vascular events and death in patients with incident ischemic stroke. Blood 2023; 141:787-799. [PMID: 36441964 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is common among older people and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, inflammation, and shorter overall survival. Age and inflammation are major risk factors for ischemic stroke, yet the association of CH with risk of secondary vascular events and death is unknown. We investigated CH in peripheral blood DNA from 581 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke from the Prospective Cohort With Incident Stroke-Berlin study using error-corrected targeted sequencing. The primary composite end point (CEP) consisted of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality. A total of 348 somatic mutations with a variant allele frequency ≥1% were identified in 236 of 581 patients (41%). CH was associated with large-artery atherosclerosis stroke (P = .01) and white matter lesion (P < .001). CH-positive patients showed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon gamma, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. CH-positive patients had a higher risk for the primary CEP (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.31; P = .03), which was more pronounced in patients with larger clones. CH clone size remained an independent risk factor (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04-1.62; P = .022) in multivariable Cox regression. Although our data show that, in particular, larger and TET2- or PPM1D-mutated clones are associated with increased risk of recurrent vascular events and death, this risk is partially mitigated by a common germline variant of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R p.D358A). The CH mutation profile is accompanied by a proinflammatory profile, opening new avenues for preventive precision medicine approaches to resolve the self-perpetuating cycle of inflammation and clonal expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Arends
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas G Liman
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Evangelical Hospital Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Paulina M Strzelecka
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Kufner
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pelle Löwe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shufan Huo
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catarina M Stein
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie K Piper
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlon Tilgner
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia S Sperber
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Savvina Dimitriou
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter U Heuschmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Hablesreiter
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Harms
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim E Weber
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Damm
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cancer Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, DKTK), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zheng H, Pei Y, Zhou C, Hong P, Qian ZJ. Amelioration of atherosclerosis in ox-LDL induced HUVEC by sulfated polysaccharides from Gelidium crinale with antihypertensive activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:671-680. [PMID: 36577474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Red algal polysaccharide is a good potential medical resource. Different red algal polysaccharides have different structural characteristics and rich biological activities. Previous studies have identified some structural information of sulfated polysaccharide (GNP, 25.8 kDa) from red algae, Gelidium crinale and found that GNP has excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. On this basis, this study investigated the effect of GNP on atherosclerosis, which is closely related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms and usually coexists and interacts with hypertension. This study investigated the inhibitory activity of GNP on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and its mechanism on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced HUVEC atherosclerosis. The results showed that GNP inhibits the up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). GNP can regulate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and PI3K/AKT signal pathways, inhibit apoptosis, invasion and migration. Meanwhile, GNP (IC50 = 269.2 μg/mL) antagonizes ACE by competitive binding mode, and it can reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). It provides a theoretical basis for GNP as a potential substance for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Pei
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liraglutide Lowers Endothelial Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Murine Atherosclerosis Independent of Glucose Levels. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:189-200. [PMID: 36908664 PMCID: PMC9998474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The authors determined the effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide on endothelial surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in murine apolipoprotein E knockout atherosclerosis. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging using microbubbles targeted to VCAM-1 and control microbubbles showed a 3-fold increase in endothelial surface VCAM-1 signal in vehicle-treated animals, whereas in the liraglutide-treated animals the signal ratio remained around 1 throughout the study. Liraglutide had no influence on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or glycated hemoglobin, but reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and OPN. Aortic plaque lesion area and luminal VCAM-1 expression on immunohistology were reduced under liraglutide treatment.
Collapse
Key Words
- ApoE, apolipoprotein E
- CEUMI, contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- GLP, glucagon-like peptide
- GLP-1R, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
- GLP-1RA, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist
- HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin
- ICAM, intercellular cell adhesion molecule
- IL, interleukin
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- MB, microbubble
- MBCtr, control microbubbles
- MBVCAM-1, microbubbles targeted to VCAM
- MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein
- OPN, osteopontin
- TG, triglycerides
- TGRL, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule
- VLDL-C, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- atherosclerosis
- liraglutide
- molecular imaging
- ultrasound
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu H, Hallauer Hastings M, Kitchen R, Xiao C, Baldovino Guerra JR, Kuznetsov A, Rosenzweig A. Beneficial Effects of Moderate Hepatic Activin A Expression on Metabolic Pathways, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:330-349. [PMID: 36453275 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory vascular disease marked by hyperlipidemia and hematopoietic stem cell expansion. Activin A, a member of the Activin/GDF/TGFβ/BMP (growth/differentiation factor/transforming growth factor beta/bone morphogenetic protein) family is broadly expressed and increases in human atherosclerosis, but its functional effects in vivo in this context remain unclear. METHODS We studied LDLR-/- mice on a Western diet for 12 weeks and used adeno-associated viral vectors with a liver-specific TBG (thyroxine-binding globulin) promoter to express Activin A or GFP (control). Atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed by oil red staining. Blood lipid profiling was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and immune cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Liver RNA-sequencing was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Activin A expression decreased in both livers and aortae from LDLR-/- mice fed a Western diet compared with standard laboratory diet. Adenoassociated virus-TBG-Activin A increased Activin A hepatic expression ≈10-fold at 12 weeks; P<0.001) and circulating Activin A levels ≈2000 pg/ml versus ≈50 pg/ml; P<0.001, compared with controls). Hepatic Activin A expression decreased plasma total and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol ≈60% and ≈40%, respectively), reduced inflammatory cells in aortae and proliferating hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, and reduced atherosclerotic lesion and necrotic core area in aortae. Activin A also attenuated liver steatosis and expression of the lipogenesis genes, Srebp1 and Srebp2. RNA sequencing revealed Activin A not only blocked expression of genes involved in hepatic de novo lipogenesis but also fatty acid uptake and liver inflammation. In addition, Activin A expressed in the liver also reduced white fat tissue accumulation, decreased adipocyte size, and improved glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal hepatic Activin A expression reduces inflammation, hematopoietic stem cell expansion, liver steatosis, circulating cholesterol, and fat accumulation, which likely all contribute to the observed protection against atherosclerosis. The reduced Activin A observed in LDLR-/- mice on a Western diet seems maladaptive and deleterious for atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - Robert Kitchen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Chunyang Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - Alexandra Kuznetsov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nguyen HC, Bu S, Nikfarjam S, Rasheed B, Michels DCR, Singh A, Singh S, Marszal C, McGuire JJ, Feng Q, Frisbee JC, Qadura M, Singh KK. Loss of fatty acid binding protein 3 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102921. [PMID: 36681124 PMCID: PMC9988587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is an effective biomarker of myocardial injury and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The endothelium, which forms the inner most layer of every blood vessel, is exposed to higher levels of FABP3 in PAD or following myocardial injury, but the pathophysiological role of endothelial FABP3, the effect of FABP3 exposure on endothelial cells, and related mechanisms are unknown. Here, we aimed to evaluate the pathophysiological role of endothelial FABP3 and related mechanisms in vitro. Our molecular and functional in vitro analyses show that (1) FABP3 is basally expressed in endothelial cells; (2) inflammatory stress in the form of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) upregulated endothelial FABP3 expression; (3) loss of endogenous FABP3 protected endothelial cells against LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction; however, exogenous FABP3 exposure exacerbated LPS-induced inflammation; (4) loss of endogenous FABP3 protected against LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction by promoting cell survival and anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signaling pathways. Together, these findings suggest that gain-of endothelial FABP3 exacerbates, whereas loss-of endothelial FABP3 inhibits LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction by promoting cell survival and anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signaling. We propose that an increased circulating FABP3 in myocardial injury or PAD patients may be detrimental to endothelial function, and therefore, therapies aimed at inhibiting FABP3 may improve endothelial function in diseased states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hien C Nguyen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shuhan Bu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sepideh Nikfarjam
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Berk Rasheed
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C R Michels
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aman Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shweta Singh
- Department of Applied Science, Fanshawe College, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline Marszal
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John J McGuire
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qingping Feng
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jefferson C Frisbee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mastrogiacomo L, Ballagh R, Venegas-Pino DE, Kaur H, Shi P, Werstuck GH. The Effects of Hyperglycemia on Early Endothelial Activation and the Initiation of Atherosclerosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:121-133. [PMID: 36243046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that patients with diabetes have an increased risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The earliest detectable sign of atherosclerosis initiation is endothelial cell activation. Activated endothelial cells express adhesion proteins, P-selectin, E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, which function to recruit monocytes to the subendothelial layer. This study examines the effect of hyperglycemia on endothelial cell activation and the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. In vitro studies revealed that exposure of human aortic endothelial cells to elevated (30 mmol/L) glucose concentrations significantly increased the expression of P-selectin, E-selectin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. In vivo studies showed that, before lesion development, 5-week-old hyperglycemic ApoE-/-Ins2+/akita mice had significantly increased expression of these adhesion proteins in the aortic sinus and increased macrophage infiltration, compared with normoglycemic ApoE-/- controls. At 25 weeks of age, ApoE-/-Ins2+/akita mice had significantly larger atherosclerotic plaques than ApoE-/- controls (0.022 ± 0.004 versus 0.007± 0.001 mm3; P < 0.05). Similar endothelial activation was observed in heterozygous ApoE+/-Ins2+/akita mice; however, detectable atherosclerotic lesions did not develop in the absence of dyslipidemia. Lowering blood glucose levels (by 55%) using a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor reduced endothelial activation. Together, these findings support a causative role for hyperglycemia in atherogenesis and highlight the importance of blood glucose regulation in preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Mastrogiacomo
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Ballagh
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Hargun Kaur
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Shi
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoff H Werstuck
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mastrogiacomo L, Werstuck GH. Investigating the Role of Endothelial Glycogen Synthase Kinase3α/β in Atherogenesis in Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314780. [PMID: 36499109 PMCID: PMC9740237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) are associated with inflammation and endothelial activation. Activated endothelial cells (ECs) express adhesion proteins that recruit monocytes to the subendothelial layer initiating plaque development. Understanding the mechanism(s) by which ECs increase adhesion protein expression will facilitate the development of therapies aimed at preventing CVD progression and mortality. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3α/β are constitutively active kinases which have been associated with many cellular pathways regulating cell viability and metabolism. While roles for myeloid GSK3α/β in the development of atherosclerosis have been established, there is limited knowledge on the potential roles of endothelial GSK3α/β. With the use of Cre recombinase technology, GSK3α/β was knocked out of both ECs and macrophages (Tie2Cre GSK3α/βfl/fl LDLR-/-). A bone marrow transplant was used to replenish GSK3α/β in the myeloid lineage allowing the assessment of an endothelial-selective GSK3α/β knockout (BMT Tie2Cre GSK3α/βfl/fl LDLR-/-). In both models, adhesion protein expression, macrophage recruitment and plaque volume were reduced in GSK3α knockout mice. GSK3β knockout had no significant effect. Results from this study are the first to suggest a pro-atherogenic role of endothelial GSK3α and support existing evidence for targeting GSK3α in the treatment of atherosclerotic CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Mastrogiacomo
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Geoff H. Werstuck
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +905-521-2100 (ext. 40747)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bourrie BCT, Forgie AJ, Ju T, Richard C, Cotter PD, Willing BP. Consumption of the cell-free or heat-treated fractions of a pitched kefir confers some but not all positive impacts of the corresponding whole kefir. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1056526. [PMID: 36504827 PMCID: PMC9730713 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kefir consumption can have many metabolic health benefits, including, in the case of specific kefirs, improvements in plasma and liver lipid profiles. Our group has previously shown that these health benefits are dependent on the microbial composition of the kefir fermentation, and that a pitched kefir (PK1) containing specific traditional microbes can recapitulate the health benefits of a traditional kefir. In this study we investigated how different preparations of kefir impact cholesterol and lipid metabolism and circulating markers of cardiovascular disease risk and determine if freeze-drying impacts health benefits relative to past studies. Materials and methods Eight-week-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (40% kcal from fat) supplemented with one of 3 freeze-dried kefir preparations (whole kefir, cell-free kefir, or heat-treated kefir) for 8 weeks prior to analysis of plasma and liver lipid profiles, circulating cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers, cecal microbiome composition, and cecal short-chain fatty acid levels. These groups of mice were compared to others that were fed a control low-fat diet, control high fat diet or high fat diet supplemented with milk, respectively. Results All kefir preparations lowered plasma cholesterol in both male and female mice, while only whole kefir lowered liver cholesterol and triglycerides. Plasma vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) was lowered by both whole kefir and heat-treated kefir in male mice but not females, while c-reactive protein (CRP) was unchanged across all high fat diet fed groups in males and females. Conclusion These results indicate that some of the metabolic benefits of consumption of this kefir do not require whole kefir while also indicating that there are multiple compounds or components responsible for the different benefits observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C. T. Bourrie
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Forgie
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tingting Ju
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland,VistaMilk, Cork, Ireland
| | - Benjamin P. Willing
- Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Agriculture/Forestry Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Benjamin P. Willing,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Festa J, Singh H, Hussain A, Da Boit M. Elderberries as a potential supplement to improve vascular function in a SARS-CoV-2 environment. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14091. [PMID: 35118699 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Although recent studies demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 possibly does not directly infect endothelial cells (EC), the endothelium may be affected as a secondary response due to the damage of neighboring cells, circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and/or other mechanisms. Long-term COVID-19 symptoms specifically nonrespiratory symptoms are due to the persistence of endothelial dysfunction (ED). Based on the literature, anthocyanins a major subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols found in berries, have been well researched for their vascular protective properties as well as the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related deaths. Elderberries have been previously used as a natural remedy for treating influenza, cold, and consequently cardiovascular health due to a high content of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) a major anthocyanin found in the human diet. The literature reported many studies demonstrating that EE has both antiviral and vascular protective properties that should be further investigated as a nutritional component used against the (in)direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 in vascular function. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: While previous work among the literature looks promising and builds a suggestion for investigating elderberry extract (EE) against COVID-19, further in vitro and in vivo research is required to fully evaluate EE mechanisms of action and its use as a supplement to aid current therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Festa
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Harprit Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Aamir Hussain
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Respiratory Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Mariasole Da Boit
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Choi KA, Kim JH, Ryu K, Kaushik N. Current Nanomedicine for Targeted Vascular Disease Treatment: Trends and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012397. [PMID: 36293254 PMCID: PMC9604340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been developed to deliver cargos effectively to the vascular system. Nanomedicine is a novel and effective approach for targeted vascular disease treatment including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, strokes, peripheral arterial disease, and cancer. It has been well known for some time that vascular disease patients have a higher cancer risk than the general population. During atherogenesis, the endothelial cells are activated to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and P-selectin. This biological activation of endothelial cells gives a targetability clue for nanoparticle strategies. Nanoparticle formation has a passive targeting pathway due to the increased adhesion molecule expression on the cell surface as well as increased cell activation. In addition, the VCAM-1-targeting peptide has been widely used to target the inflamed endothelial cells. Biomimetic nanoparticles using platelet and leukocyte membrane fragment strategies have been promising techniques for targeted vascular disease treatment. Cyclodextrin, a natural oligosaccharide with a hydrophobic cavity, increase the solubility of cholesterol crystals at the atherosclerotic plaque site and has been used to deliver the hydrophobic drug statin as a therapeutic in a targeted manner. In summary, nanoparticles decorated with various targeting molecules will be an effective and promising strategy for targeted vascular disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Choi
- National Institute of Medical Welfare, Kangnam University, Yongin 16979, Korea
| | - June Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (N.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang Q, Wang Y, Xu D. Research progress on Th17 and T regulatory cells and their cytokines in regulating atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:929078. [PMID: 36211578 PMCID: PMC9534355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.929078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease due to atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory state in the arterial wall that promotes disease progression and outcome, and immune cells play an important role in the inflammatory process. Purpose We review the mechanisms of CD4+ T subsets, i.e., helper T17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), in regulating atherosclerosis, focusing on the role of interleukin (IL)-17, IL-10, and other cytokines in this disease and the factors influencing the effects of these cytokines. Results IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells can promote atherosclerosis, but few studies have reported that IL-17 can also stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. Tregs play a protective role in atherosclerosis, and Th17/Treg imbalance also plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Conclusion The immune response is important in regulating atherosclerosis, and studying the mechanism of action of each immune cell on atherosclerosis presents directions for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the current studies are insufficient for elucidating the mechanism of action, and further in-depth studies are needed to provide a theoretical basis for clinical drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Guo Q, Furuta K, Islam S, Caporarello N, Kostallari E, Dielis K, Tschumperlin DJ, Hirsova P, Ibrahim SH. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cell expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 promotes liver fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983255. [PMID: 36091042 PMCID: PMC9453231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During liver injury, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) dysfunction and capillarization promote liver fibrosis. We have previously reported that the LSEC vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) plays a key role in liver inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and we now aim to uncover its role in LSEC capillarization and liver fibrosis. Methods Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed either chow or high fat, fructose and cholesterol diet to induce NASH and treated with either anti-VCAM1 neutralizing antibody or control isotype antibody. Inducible endothelial cell-specific Vcam1 deleted mice (Vcam1Δend ) and control mice (Vcam1fl/fl ) were fed choline-deficient high-fat diet (CD-HFD) to induce NASH or injected with carbon tetrachloride to induce liver fibrosis. LSECs isolated from Vcam1fl/fl or Vcam1Δend and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) isolated from wild-type mice were cocultured in a 3-D system or a μ-Slide 2 well co-culture system. Results Immunostaining for Lyve1 (marker of differentiated LSECs) was reduced in Vcam1fl/fl mice and restored in Vcam1Δend mice in both NASH and liver fibrosis models. Co-immunostaining showed increased α-smooth muscle actin in the livers of Vcam1fl/fl mice in areas lacking Lyve1. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy showed reduced LSEC fenestrae in the Vcam1fl/fl mice but not Vcam1Δend mice in both injury models, suggesting that VCAM1 promotes LSEC capillarization during liver injury. HSCs profibrogenic markers were reduced when cocultured with LSECs from CD-HFD fed Vcam1Δend mice compared to Vcam1fl/fl mice. Furthermore, recombinant VCAM1 activated the Yes-associated protein 1 pathway and induced a fibrogenic phenotype in HSCs in vitro, supporting the profibrogenic role of LSEC VCAM1. Conclusion VCAM1 is not just a scaffold for leukocyte adhesion during liver injury, but also a modulator of LSEC capillarization and liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kunimaro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Enis Kostallari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kobe Dielis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Petra Hirsova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Samar H Ibrahim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Adhesion Molecules and Vulnerable Plaques – Promoters of Acute Coronary Syndromes. JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/jce-2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Biological factors that characterize extrinsic plaque vulnerability include various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Adhesion molecules are among the initiators of the atherosclerotic process, by mediation of endothelial inflammation. The soluble forms of these adhesion molecules have been identified in the circulatory blood, with an increased level in case of subjects with atherosclerotic lesions and higher levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes or vulnerable plaques. In addition, several authors have found a significant predictive capacity of these molecules in case of patients presenting with acute coronary and cerebrovascular events. The aim of this manuscript is to provide a short description of the role of adhesion molecules in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions towards acute coronary syndromes, as well as their capacity for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in vulnerable cardiovascular patients.
Collapse
|
50
|
Li X, Liu J, Lu L, Huang T, Hou W, Wang F, Yu L, Wu F, Qi J, Chen X, Meng Z, Zhu M. Sirt7 associates with ELK1 to participate in hyperglycemia memory and diabetic nephropathy via modulation of DAPK3 expression and endothelial inflammation. Transl Res 2022; 247:99-116. [PMID: 35470010 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of advanced diabetes, and increases patient mortality. Recently, epigenetics-mediated hyperglycemic memory in pathological process of DN has received attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism by which sirt7 modulates hyperglycemic memory in DN. In glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) cultured in high glucose and glomeruli of DN patients and rats, an increase in p65 phosphorylation and endothelial adhesion molecule levels persisted after glucose normalization but was reversed by glucose normalization associated with death-associated protein kinase-3 (DAPK3) knockout or DAPK3 inhibitor. High glucose-mediated decrease in sirt7, the deacetylase modulating H3K18-acetylation (H3K18ac), was sustained after normoglycemia. Sirt7 overexpression accompanied by glucose normalization suppressed DAPK3 expression and inflammation in GECs. Moreover, sh-sirt7-induced inflammation was inhibited by si-DAPK3. Furthermore, sirt7 and H3K18ac were located at the DAPK3 promoter region. ELK1 was found to combine with sirt7. si-ELK1 supplemented with normoglycemia inhibited high glucose-induced DAPK3 expression and inflammation in GECs. ELK1 overexpression-mediated inflammation was inhibited by si-DAPK3. In addition, ELK1 and sirt7 were located at the same promoter region of DAPK3. ELK1 overexpression enhanced DAPK3 promoter activity, which disappeared after specific binding site mutation. In vivo, sirt7 overexpression decreased inflammation and improved renal function during insulin treatment of DN rats, whereas insulin alone did not work. Our data demonstrated high glucose-mediated mutual inhibition between sirt7 and ELK1 induced DAPK3 transcription and inflammation despite normoglycemia in GECs, thus forming a vicious cycle and participating in the occurrence of hyperglycemic memory in DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Yu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|