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Wysok B, Rudowska M, Wiszniewska-Łaszczych A. The Transmission of Campylobacter Strains in Dairy Herds in Different Housing Systems. Pathogens 2024; 13:317. [PMID: 38668272 PMCID: PMC11053475 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cattle are frequent carriers of Campylobacter spp.; therefore, these bacteria may be transmitted to humans through meat or milk. Campylobacter spp. in raw milk derives most commonly from secondary fecal contamination during the milking process; however, the udder excretion of Campylobacter may be a cause of milk-borne infection. Studies were carried out on a Campylobacter-positive farm with two different housing systems (with free-stall and tie-stall systems). The sampling process comprised several stages, including samples being taken from animals, such as from raw milk and feces, and from the environment, such as the from floor in the milking parlor and from teat cups. None of the individual raw milk samples or swabs from the floor in the parlor before the milking process were positive for Campylobacter spp. Simultaneously, Campylobacter spp. was isolated from all swabs from the floor after the milking process and in the bulk tank milk samples from the two farms. The incidence of Campylobacter isolated from fecal and teat swab samples ranged from 15.4% to 26.7% and from 8.9% to 25%, respectively. Altogether, 59 recovered Campylobacter isolates were classified, based on sequencing of the flaA short variable region, showing 15 different allele types, and the majority of them were distributed among one farm. Analysis of the virulence and antimicrobial properties showed that genes related to adherence, invasion and cytotoxicity were widely distributed among the Campylobacter recovered strains. In relation to AMR, multidrug resistance was noted in 16.1% of strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Wysok
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rudowska
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wiszniewska-Łaszczych
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Hayat S, Asad A, Munni MA, Nayeem MAJ, Mostafa MG, Jahan I, Howlader MZH, Mohammad QD, Islam Z. Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms and haplotypes in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:133-142. [PMID: 37955408 PMCID: PMC10791015 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine that exerts both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects on the immune system as well as in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). We investigated whether the three common polymorphisms -1082 G/A(rs1800896), -819 C/T(rs1800871), and -592 C/A(rs1800872) in the promoter region of IL-10 have any influence on the susceptibility, severity, and clinical outcome of GBS. METHODS IL-10 promoter polymorphisms were investigated in 152 patients with GBS and 152 healthy controls from Bangladesh using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and allele-specific oligonucleotide-PCR (ASO-PCR). Haplotype patterns and frequencies were analyzed using Heatmaply R-package, chi-square, and Fisher's exact test. The serum level of IL-10 was measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS IL-10 promoter polymorphisms -1082 G/A, -819 C/T, and -592 C/A were not associated with GBS susceptibility. The homozygous -819 TT genotype showed a tendency with susceptibility (p = 0.029; pc = 0.08) and was prevalent in axonal variants of GBS compared to demyelinating subtypes and controls (p = 0.042, OR = 8.67, 95% CI = 1.03-72.97; pc = 0.123 and p = 0.005, OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.55-11.40; pc = 0.015, respectively). Haplotype analysis revealed 19 patterns of genotypes and high IL-10 expression haplotype combinations (GCC/GTA, GCC/ATA, and GCC/GCA) may have influence on disease severity (p = 0.026; pc = 0.078). Serum expression of IL-10 was elevated in GBS patients ([GBS, 12.16 ± 45.71] vs. [HC, 0.65 ± 5.17] pg/mL; p = 0.0027) and varied with disease severity ([severe-GBS, 15.25 ± 51.72] vs. [mild-GBS, 3.59 ± 19.79] pg/mL, p = 0.046). INTERPRETATION The -819 TT genotypes influence axonal GBS, and high frequency of IL-10 expression haplotype combination with elevated serum IL-10 may play an important role in disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Hayat
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Asaduzzaman Asad
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Moriam Akter Munni
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Jaher Nayeem
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Mostafa
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | - Israt Jahan
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
| | | | | | - Zhahirul Islam
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain AxisInfectious Diseases Division (IDD), icddr,bDhakaBangladesh
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Song Y, Zheng X, Fang Y, Liu S, Liu K, Zhu J, Wu X. Current status of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in China: a 10-year comprehensive overview. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:869-897. [PMID: 37145885 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy; a disease involving the peripheral nervous system which is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. So far, it is still lack of a comprehensive overview and understanding of the national epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and the risk factors of GBS in China, as well as differences between China and other countries and regions in these respects. With the global outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an epidemiological or phenotypic association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and GBS has attracted great attention. In this review, we outlined the current clinical data of GBS in China by retrieving literature, extracting and synthesizing the data of GBS in China from 2010 to 2021. Besides, we compared the characteristics of epidemiology, preceding events and clinical profiles of GBS between China and other countries and regions. Furthermore, in addition to conventional intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PE) therapy, the potential therapeutic effects with novel medications in GBS, such as complement inhibitors, etc., have become the research focus in treatments. We found that epidemiological and clinical findings of GBS in China are approximately consistent with those in the International GBS Outcome Study (IGOS) cohort. We provided an overall picture of the present clinical status of GBS in China and summarized the global research progress of GBS, aiming to further understand the characteristics of GBS and improve the future work of GBS worldwide, especially in countries with the middle and low incomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Song
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tianhe Road 600, 510000 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Ziqiang Street 218, 130022 Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, 130021 Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, 130021 Changchun, China
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Breville G, Sukockiene E, Vargas MI, Lascano AM. Emerging biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:1201-1215. [PMID: 37902064 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2273386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated poly(radiculo)neuropathy with a variable clinical outcome. Identifying patients who are at risk of suffering from long-term disabilities is a great challenge. Biomarkers are useful to confirm diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and predict outcome. AREAS COVERED The authors provide an overview of the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for GBS, which are useful for establishing early treatment strategies and follow-up care plans. EXPERT OPINION Detecting patients at risk of developing a severe outcome may improve management of disease progression and limit potential complications. Several clinical factors are associated with poor prognosis: higher age, presence of diarrhea within 4 weeks of symptom onset, rapid and severe weakness progression, dysautonomia, decreased vital capacity and facial, bulbar, and neck weakness. Biological, neurophysiological and imaging measures of unfavorable outcome include multiple anti-ganglioside antibodies elevation, increased serum and CSF neurofilaments light (NfL) and heavy chain, decreased NfL CSF/serum ratio, hypoalbuminemia, nerve conduction study with early signs of demyelination or axonal loss and enlargement of nerve cross-sectional area on ultrasound. Depicting prognostic biomarkers aims at predicting short-term mortality and need for cardio-pulmonary support, long-term patient functional outcome, guiding treatment decisions and monitoring therapeutic responses in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Breville
- Neurology Division, Neuroscience Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Egle Sukockiene
- Neurology Division, Neuroscience Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Isabel Vargas
- Neuroradiology Division, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Agustina M Lascano
- Neurology Division, Neuroscience Department, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Celiac Disease and Neurological Manifestations: From Gluten to Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415564. [PMID: 36555205 PMCID: PMC9779232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a complex multi-organ disease with a high prevalence of extra-intestinal involvement, including neurological and psychiatric manifestations, such as cerebellar ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, epilepsy, headache, cognitive impairment, and depression. However, the mechanisms behind the neurological involvement in CD remain controversial. Recent evidence shows these can be related to gluten-mediated pathogenesis, including antibody cross-reaction, deposition of immune-complex, direct neurotoxicity, and in severe cases, vitamins or nutrients deficiency. Here, we have summarized new evidence related to gut microbiota and the so-called "gut-liver-brain axis" involved in CD-related neurological manifestations. Additionally, there has yet to be an agreement on whether serological or neurophysiological findings can effectively early diagnose and properly monitor CD-associated neurological involvement; notably, most of them can revert to normal with a rigorous gluten-free diet. Moving from a molecular level to a symptom-based approach, clinical, serological, and neurophysiology data might help to disentangle the many-faceted interactions between the gut and brain in CD. Eventually, the identification of multimodal biomarkers might help diagnose, monitor, and improve the quality of life of patients with "neuroCD".
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Stein RA. Campylobacter jejuni and Postinfectious Autoimmune Diseases: A Proof of Concept in Glycobiology. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1981-1991. [PMID: 36137262 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glycans, one of the most diverse groups of macromolecules, are ubiquitous constituents of all cells and have many critical functions, including the interaction between microbes and their hosts. One of the best model organisms to study the host-pathogen interaction, the gastrointestinal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni dedicates extensive resources to glycosylation and exhibits a diverse array of surface sugar-coated displays. The first bacterium where N-linked glycosylation was described, C. jejuni can additionally modify proteins by O-linked glycosylation, has extracellular capsular polysaccharides that are important for virulence and represent the major determinant of the Penner serotyping scheme, and has outer membrane lipooligosaccharides that participate in processes such as colonization, survival, inflammation, and immune evasion. In addition to causing gastrointestinal disease and extraintestinal infections, C. jejuni was also linked to postinfectious autoimmune neuropathies, of which Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) are the most extensively characterized ones. These postinfectious autoimmune neuropathies occur when specific bacterial surface lipooligosaccharides mimic gangliosides in the host nervous system. C. jejuni provided the first proof of concept for the involvement of molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of an autoimmune disease and, also, for the ability of a bacterial polymorphism to shape the clinical presentation of the postinfectious autoimmune neuropathy. The scientific journey that culminated with elucidating the mechanistic details of the C. jejuni-GBS link was the result of contributions from several fields, including microbiology, structural biology, glycobiology, genetics, and immunology and provides an inspiring and important example to interrogate other instances of molecular mimicry and their involvement in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Stein
- Industry Associate Professor NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
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Bernard-Valnet R, Frieser D, Nguyen XH, Khajavi L, Quériault C, Arthaud S, Melzi S, Fusade-Boyer M, Masson F, Zytnicki M, Saoudi A, Dauvilliers Y, Peyron C, Bauer J, Liblau RS. Influenza vaccination induces autoimmunity against orexinergic neurons in a mouse model for narcolepsy. Brain 2022; 145:2018-2030. [PMID: 35552381 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy with cataplexy or narcolepsy type 1 is a disabling chronic sleep disorder resulting from the destruction of orexinergic neurons in the hypothalamus. The tight association of narcolepsy with HLA-DQB1*06:02 strongly suggest an autoimmune origin to this disease. Furthermore, converging epidemiological studies have identified an increased incidence for narcolepsy in Europe following Pandemrix® vaccination against the 2009-2010 pandemic 'influenza' virus strain. The potential immunological link between the Pandemrix® vaccination and narcolepsy remains, however, unknown. Deciphering these mechanisms may reveal pathways potentially at play in most cases of narcolepsy. Here, we developed a mouse model allowing to track and study the T-cell response against 'influenza' virus haemagglutinin, which was selectively expressed in the orexinergic neurons as a new self-antigen. Pandemrix® vaccination in this mouse model resulted in hypothalamic inflammation and selective destruction of orexin-producing neurons. Further investigations on the relative contribution of T-cell subsets in this process revealed that haemagglutinin-specific CD4 T cells were necessary for the development of hypothalamic inflammation, but insufficient for killing orexinergic neurons. Conversely, haemagglutinin-specific CD8 T cells could not initiate inflammation but were the effectors of the destruction of orexinergic neurons. Additional studies revealed pathways potentially involved in the disease process. Notably, the interferon-γ pathway was proven essential, as interferon-γ-deficient CD8 T cells were unable to elicit the loss of orexinergic neurons. Our work demonstrates that an immunopathological process mimicking narcolepsy can be elicited by immune cross-reactivity between a vaccine antigen and a neuronal self-antigen. This process relies on a synergy between autoreactive CD4 and CD8 T cells for disease development. This work furthers our understanding of the mechanisms and pathways potentially involved in the development of a neurological side effect due to a vaccine and, likely, to narcolepsy in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Bernard-Valnet
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Service of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Department, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Frieser
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Xuan-Hung Nguyen
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Vinmec Institute of Applied Science and Regenerative Medicine, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Leila Khajavi
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Clémence Quériault
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Arthaud
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Silvia Melzi
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | | | - Frederick Masson
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Matthias Zytnicki
- Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées, INRAE, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- National Reference Center for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic hypersomnia and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Peyron
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Jan Bauer
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland S Liblau
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity), University of Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Immunology, Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
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Hameed A, Ketley JM, Woodacre A, Machado LR, Marsden GL. Molecular and in silico typing of the lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265585. [PMID: 35358234 PMCID: PMC8970381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive genetic variation in the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) core biosynthesis gene cluster has led to the development of a classification system; with 8 classes (I-VIII) for Campylobacter coli (C. coli) LOS region and with 23 classes (A-W) or four groups (1–4) for Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) LOS region. PCR based LOS locus type identification for C. jejuni clinical isolates from a UK hospital as well as in silico LOS locus analysis for C. jejuni and C. coli genome sequences from GenBank was carried out to determine the frequencies of various LOS genotypes in C. jejuni and C. coli. Analysis of LOS gene content in 60 clinical C. jejuni isolates and 703 C. jejuni genome sequences revealed that class B (Group 1) was the most abundant LOS class in C. jejuni. The hierarchy of C. jejuni LOS group prevalence (group 1 > group 2 > group 3 > group 4) as well as the hierarchy of the frequency of C. jejuni LOS classes present within the group 1 (B > C > A > R > M > V), group 2 (H/P > O > E > W), group 3 (F > K > S) and group 4 (G > L) was identified. In silico analysis of LOS gene content in 564 C. coli genome sequences showed class III as the most abundant LOS locus type in C. coli. In silico analysis of LOS gene content also identified three novel LOS types of C. jejuni and previously unknown LOS biosynthesis genes in C. coli LOS locus types I, II, III, V and VIII. This study provides C. jejuni and C. coli LOS loci class frequencies in a smaller collection of C. jejuni clinical isolates as well as within the larger, worldwide database of C. jejuni and C. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hameed
- Centre for Physical Activity and Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Julian M. Ketley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Woodacre
- Centre for Physical Activity and Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Lee R. Machado
- Centre for Physical Activity and Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Nagappa M, Dutta D, Debnath M, Seshagiri D, Sreekumaran Nair B, Das S, Wahatule R, Sinha S, Ravi V, Taly A. Impact of antecedent infections on the antibodies against gangliosides and ganglioside complexes in guillain-barré syndrome: A correlative study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:401-406. [PMID: 35936588 PMCID: PMC9350806 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_121_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated neuropathy, is characterized by antibodies against gangliosides/ganglioside complexes (GSCs) of peripheral nerves. Antecedent infections have been reported to induce antibodies that cross-react with the host gangliosides and thereby have a pivotal role in conferring an increased risk for developing GBS. Data pertaining to the impact of various antecedent infections, particularly those prevalent in tropical countries like India on the ganglioside/GSC antibodies is sparse. We aimed at exploring the association between six antecedent infections and the profile of ganglioside/GSC antibodies in GBS. Methods: Patients with GBS (n = 150) and healthy controls (n = 50) were examined for the serum profile of antibodies against GM1, GM2, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, and GQ1b and their GSCs by ELISA. These antibodies were correlated with immunoreactivities against Campylobacter jejuni, Japanese encephalitis (JE), dengue, influenza, zika, and chikungunya infections. Results: The frequencies of antibodies against six single gangliosides (P < 0.001) and their GSCs (P = 0.039) were significantly higher in patients as compared to controls. Except for GT1b-antibody which was more frequent in axonal GBS, none of the other ganglioside/GSC antibodies correlated with the electrophysiological subtypes of GBS. Antecedent JE infection was significantly associated with increased frequency of antibodies against GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, and GQ1b. Antibodies against GSCs were not influenced by the antecedent infections. Interpretation: This study for the first time shows an association between antecedent JE infection and ganglioside antibodies in GBS. This finding reinforces the determining role of antecedent infections on ganglioside antibody responses and the subsequent immunological processes in GBS.
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Lopes GV, Ramires T, Kleinubing NR, Scheik LK, Fiorentini ÂM, Padilha da Silva W. Virulence factors of foodborne pathogen Campylobacterjejuni. Microb Pathog 2021; 161:105265. [PMID: 34699927 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a highly frequent cause of gastrointestinal foodborne disease in humans throughout the world. Disease outcomes vary from mild to severe diarrhea, and in rare cases the Guillain-Barré syndrome or reactive arthritis can develop as a post-infection complication. Transmission to humans usually occurs via the consumption of a range of foods, especially those associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked poultry meat, unpasteurized milk, and water-based environmental sources. When associated to food or water ingestion, the C. jejuni enters the human host intestine via the oral route and colonizes the distal ileum and colon. When it adheres and colonizes the intestinal cell surfaces, the C. jejuni is expected to express several putative virulence factors, which cause damage to the intestine either directly, by cell invasion and/or production of toxin(s), or indirectly, by triggering inflammatory responses. This review article highlights various C. jejuni characteristics - such as motility and chemotaxis - that contribute to the biological fitness of the pathogen, as well as factors involved in human host cell adhesion and invasion, and their potential role in the development of the disease. We have analyzed and critically discussed nearly 180 scientific articles covering the latest improvements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Volz Lopes
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tassiana Ramires
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalie Rauber Kleinubing
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Klein Scheik
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Fiorentini
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Caixa Postal 354, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Yakovlieva L, Fülleborn JA, Walvoort MTC. Opportunities and Challenges of Bacterial Glycosylation for the Development of Novel Antibacterial Strategies. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:745702. [PMID: 34630370 PMCID: PMC8498110 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.745702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous process that is universally conserved in nature. The various products of glycosylation, such as polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, perform a myriad of intra- and extracellular functions. The multitude of roles performed by these molecules is reflected in the significant diversity of glycan structures and linkages found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Importantly, glycosylation is highly relevant for the virulence of many bacterial pathogens. Various surface-associated glycoconjugates have been identified in bacteria that promote infectious behavior and survival in the host through motility, adhesion, molecular mimicry, and immune system manipulation. Interestingly, bacterial glycosylation systems that produce these virulence factors frequently feature rare monosaccharides and unusual glycosylation mechanisms. Owing to their marked difference from human glycosylation, bacterial glycosylation systems constitute promising antibacterial targets. With the rise of antibiotic resistance and depletion of the antibiotic pipeline, novel drug targets are urgently needed. Bacteria-specific glycosylation systems are especially promising for antivirulence therapies that do not eliminate a bacterial population, but rather alleviate its pathogenesis. In this review, we describe a selection of unique glycosylation systems in bacterial pathogens and their role in bacterial homeostasis and infection, with a focus on virulence factors. In addition, recent advances to inhibit the enzymes involved in these glycosylation systems and target the bacterial glycan structures directly will be highlighted. Together, this review provides an overview of the current status and promise for the future of using bacterial glycosylation to develop novel antibacterial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Yakovlieva
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Julius A Fülleborn
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marthe T C Walvoort
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Peters S, Pascoe B, Wu Z, Bayliss SC, Zeng X, Edwinson A, Veerabadhran-Gurunathan S, Jawahir S, Calland JK, Mourkas E, Patel R, Wiens T, Decuir M, Boxrud D, Smith K, Parker CT, Farrugia G, Zhang Q, Sheppard SK, Grover M. Campylobacter jejuni genotypes are associated with post-infection irritable bowel syndrome in humans. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1015. [PMID: 34462533 PMCID: PMC8405632 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter enterocolitis may lead to post-infection irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) and while some C. jejuni strains are more likely than others to cause human disease, genomic and virulence characteristics promoting PI-IBS development remain uncharacterized. We combined pangenome-wide association studies and phenotypic assays to compare C. jejuni isolates from patients who developed PI-IBS with those who did not. We show that variation in bacterial stress response (Cj0145_phoX), adhesion protein (Cj0628_CapA), and core biosynthetic pathway genes (biotin: Cj0308_bioD; purine: Cj0514_purQ; isoprenoid: Cj0894c_ispH) were associated with PI-IBS development. In vitro assays demonstrated greater adhesion, invasion, IL-8 and TNFα secretion on colonocytes with PI-IBS compared to PI-no-IBS strains. A risk-score for PI-IBS development was generated using 22 genomic markers, four of which were from Cj1631c, a putative heme oxidase gene linked to virulence. Our finding that specific Campylobacter genotypes confer greater in vitro virulence and increased risk of PI-IBS has potential to improve understanding of the complex host-pathogen interactions underlying this condition. Stephanie Peters, Ben Pascoe, et al. use whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic analysis of clinical strains from patients to identify potential genetic factors involved in irritable bowel syndrome resulting from Campylobacter jejuni infection. Their data suggest that genes involved in the bacterial stress response and biosynthetic pathways may contribute toward irritable bowel syndrome, providing further insight into links between Campylobacter genotypes and risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ben Pascoe
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sion C Bayliss
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Ximin Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adam Edwinson
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jessica K Calland
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Evangelos Mourkas
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Terra Wiens
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marijke Decuir
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Boxrud
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kirk Smith
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Craig T Parker
- United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Gianrico Farrugia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Samuel K Sheppard
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.
| | - Madhusudan Grover
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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13
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The Host Cellular Immune Response to Infection by Campylobacter Spp. and Its Role in Disease. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0011621. [PMID: 34031129 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00116-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are the leading cause of bacterium-derived gastroenteritis worldwide, impacting 96 million individuals annually. Unlike other bacterial pathogens of the gastrointestinal tract, Campylobacter spp. lack many of the classical virulence factors that are often associated with the ability to induce disease in humans, including an array of canonical secretion systems and toxins. Consequently, the clinical manifestations of human campylobacteriosis and its resulting gastrointestinal pathology are believed to be primarily due to the host immune response toward the bacterium. Further, while gastrointestinal infection is usually self-limiting, numerous postinfectious disorders can occur, including the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome, reactive arthritis, and irritable bowel syndrome. Because gastrointestinal disease likely results from the host immune response, the development of these postinfectious disorders may be due to dysregulation or misdirection of the same inflammatory response. As a result, it is becoming increasingly important to the Campylobacter field, and human health, that the cellular immune responses toward Campylobacter be better understood, including which immunological events are critical to the development of disease and the postinfectious disorders mentioned above. In this review, we collectively cover the cellular immune responses across susceptible hosts to Campylobacter jejuni infection, along with the tissue pathology and postinfectious disorders which may develop.
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Treatment with the Probiotic Product Aviguard ® Alleviates Inflammatory Responses during Campylobacter jejuni-Induced Acute Enterocolitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136683. [PMID: 34206478 PMCID: PMC8269033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalences of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni infections are progressively rising globally. Given that probiotic feed additives, such as the commercial product Aviguard®, have been shown to be effective in reducing enteropathogens, such as Salmonella, in vertebrates, including livestock, we assessed potential anti-pathogenic and immune-modulatory properties of Aviguard® during acute C. jejuni-induced murine enterocolitis. Therefore, microbiota-depleted IL-10−/− mice were infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176 by gavage and orally treated with Aviguard® or placebo from day 2 to 4 post-infection. The applied probiotic bacteria could be rescued from the intestinal tract of treated mice, but with lower obligate anaerobic bacterial counts in C. jejuni-infected as compared to non-infected mice. Whereas comparable gastrointestinal pathogen loads could be detected in both groups until day 6 post-infection, Aviguard® treatment resulted in improved clinical outcome and attenuated apoptotic cell responses in infected large intestines during acute campylobacteriosis. Furthermore, less distinct pro-inflammatory immune responses could be observed not only in the intestinal tract, but also in extra-intestinal compartments on day 6 post-infection. In conclusion, we show here for the first time that Aviguard® exerts potent disease-alleviating effects in acute C. jejuni-induced murine enterocolitis and might be a promising probiotic treatment option for severe campylobacteriosis in humans.
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Granito A, Tovoli F, Raiteri A, Volta U. Anti-ganglioside antibodies and celiac disease. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 17:53. [PMID: 34049567 PMCID: PMC8164311 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-021-00557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Granito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesco Tovoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Raiteri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Umberto Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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16
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Ramos AP, Leonhard SE, Halstead SK, Cuba MA, Castañeda CC, Dioses JA, Tipismana MA, Abanto JT, Llanos A, Gourlay D, Grogl M, Ramos M, Rojas JD, Meza R, Puiu D, Sherman RM, Salzberg SL, Simner PJ, Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, Cornblath DR, Umeres HF, Pardo CA. Guillain-Barré Syndrome Outbreak in Peru 2019 Associated With Campylobacter jejuni Infection. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:e952. [PMID: 33547152 PMCID: PMC8057064 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the clinical phenotypes and infectious triggers in the 2019 Peruvian Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) outbreak. METHODS We prospectively collected clinical and neurophysiologic data of patients with GBS admitted to a tertiary hospital in Lima, Peru, between May and August 2019. Molecular, immunologic, and microbiological methods were used to identify causative infectious agents. Sera from 41 controls were compared with cases for antibodies to Campylobacter jejuni and gangliosides. Genomic analysis was performed on 4 C jejuni isolates. RESULTS The 49 included patients had a median age of 44 years (interquartile range [IQR] 30-54 years), and 28 (57%) were male. Thirty-two (65%) had symptoms of a preceding infection: 24 (49%) diarrhea and 13 (27%) upper respiratory tract infection. The median time between infectious to neurologic symptoms was 3 days (IQR 2-9 days). Eighty percent had a pure motor form of GBS, 21 (43%) had the axonal electrophysiologic subtype, and 18% the demyelinating subtype. Evidence of recent C jejuni infection was found in 28/43 (65%). No evidence of recent arbovirus infection was found. Twenty-three cases vs 11 controls (OR 3.3, confidence interval [CI] 95% 1.2-9.2, p < 0.01) had IgM and/or IgA antibodies against C jejuni. Anti-GM1:phosphatidylserine and/or anti-GT1a:GM1 heteromeric complex antibodies were strongly positive in cases (92.9% sensitivity and 68.3% specificity). Genomic analysis showed that the C jejuni strains were closely related and had the Asn51 polymorphism at cstII gene. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the 2019 Peruvian GBS outbreak was associated with C jejuni infection and that the C jejuni strains linked to GBS circulate widely in different parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Ramos
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sonja E. Leonhard
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Susan K. Halstead
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mireya A. Cuba
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carlos C. Castañeda
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jose A. Dioses
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martin A. Tipismana
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jesus T. Abanto
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alejandro Llanos
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dawn Gourlay
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Max Grogl
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mariana Ramos
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jesus D. Rojas
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rina Meza
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniela Puiu
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rachel M. Sherman
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steven L. Salzberg
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Patricia J. Simner
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hugh J. Willison
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Bart C. Jacobs
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - David R. Cornblath
- From the Departamento de Medicina (A.P.R., M.A.C., C.C.C., J.A.D., M.A.T., J.T.A., H.F.U.), Servicio de Neurología y Neuropsiquiatría, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Department of Neurology (S.E.L.) and Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology (B.C.J.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Netherlands; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation (S.K.H., D.G., H.J.W.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas Tropicales y Dermatológicas (A.L.), Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-6 (M.G., M.R., J.D.R., R.M.), Lima, Peru; Center for Computational Biology (D.P., R.M.S., S.L.S.), Department of Computer Science, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pathology (P.J.S.), Department of Neurology (D.R.C.), and Department of Neurology and Department of Pathology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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17
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Sarhangi M, Bakhshi B, Peeraeyeh SN. High prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni CC21 and CC257 clonal complexes in children with gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:108. [PMID: 33485317 PMCID: PMC7824915 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in human worldwide. The aim of study was to assess the distribution of sialylated lipooligosaccharide (LOS) classes and capsular genotypes in C. jejuni isolated from Iranian children with gastroenteritis. Furthermore, the level of dnaK gene expression in C. jejuni strains with selected capsular genotypes and LOS classes was intended. Moreover, a comprehensive study of C. jejuni MLST-genotypes and inclusive comparison with peer sequences worldwide was intended. METHODS Twenty clinical C. jejuni strains were isolated from fecal specimens of 280 children aged 0-5 years, suspected of bacterial gastroenteritis, which admitted to 3 children hospitals from May to October, 2018. Distribution of sialylated LOS classes and specific capsular genotypes were investigated in C. jejuni of clinical origin. The expression of dnaK in C. jejuni strains was measured by Real-Time-PCR. MLST-genotyping was performed to investigate the clonal relationship of clinical C. jejuni strains and comparison with inclusive sequences worldwide. RESULTS C. jejuni HS23/36c was the predominant genotype (45%), followed by HS2 (20%), and HS19 and HS4 (each 10%). A total of 80% of isolates were assigned to LOS class B and C. Higher expression level of dnaK gene was detected in strains with HS23/36c, HS2 and HS4 capsular genotypes and sialylated LOS classes B or C. MLST analysis showed that isolates were highly diverse and represented 6 different sequence types (STs) and 3 clonal complexes (CCs). CC21 and CC257 were the most dominant CCs (75%) among our C. jejuni strains. No new ST and no common ST with our neighbor countries was detected. CONCLUSIONS The C. jejuni isolates with LOS class B or C, and capsular genotypes of HS23/36, HS2, HS4 and HS19 were dominant in population under study. The CC21 and CC257 were the largest CCs among our isolates. In overall picture, CC21 and CC353 complexes were the most frequently and widely distributed clonal complexes worldwide, although members of CC353 were not detected in our isolates. This provides a universal picture of movement of dominant Campylobacter strains worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Sarhangi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Ale-Ahmad Ave, Tehran, 14117-13116 Iran
| | - Bita Bakhshi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Ale-Ahmad Ave, Tehran, 14117-13116 Iran
| | - Shahin Najar Peeraeyeh
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal-Ale-Ahmad Ave, Tehran, 14117-13116 Iran
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18
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Dahl LG, Joensen KG, Østerlund MT, Kiil K, Nielsen EM. Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from whole-genome sequencing data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:673-682. [PMID: 32974772 PMCID: PMC7979593 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is recognised as the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in industrialised countries. Although the majority of Campylobacter infections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment is necessary in severe cases. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter is a growing public health challenge and surveillance of AMR is important for bacterial disease control. The aim of this study was to predict antimicrobial resistance in C. jejuni from whole-genome sequencing data. A total of 516 clinical C. jejuni isolates collected between 2014 and 2017 were subjected to WGS. Resistance phenotypes were determined by standard broth dilution, categorising isolates as either susceptible or resistant based on epidemiological cutoffs for six antimicrobials: ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Resistance genotypes were identified using an in-house database containing reference genes with known point mutations and the presence of resistance genes was determined using the ResFinder database and four bioinformatical methods (modified KMA, ABRicate, ARIBA, and ResFinder Batch Upload). We identified seven resistance genes including tet(O), tet(O/32/O), ant(6)-Ia, aph(2″)-If, blaOXA, aph(3')-III, and cat as well as mutations in three genes: gyrA, 23S rRNA, and rpsL. There was a high correlation between phenotypic resistance and the presence of known resistance genes and/or point mutations. A correlation above 98% was seen for all antimicrobials except streptomycin with a correlation of 92%. In conclusion, we found that WGS can predict antimicrobial resistance with a high degree of accuracy and have the potential to be a powerful tool for AMR surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Gade Dahl
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mark Thomas Østerlund
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Kiil
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Møller Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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19
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Azizi SA, Azizi SA. Neurological injuries in COVID-19 patients: direct viral invasion or a bystander injury after infection of epithelial/endothelial cells. J Neurovirol 2020; 26:631-641. [PMID: 32876900 PMCID: PMC7465881 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A subset of patients with coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) experience neurological complications. These complications include loss of sense of taste and smell, stroke, delirium, and neuromuscular signs and symptoms. The etiological agent of COVID-19 is SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), an RNA virus with a glycoprotein-studded viral envelope that uses ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) as a functional receptor for infecting the host cells. Thus, the interaction of the envelope spike proteins with ACE2 on host cells determines the tropism and virulence of SARS-CoV-2. Loss of sense of taste and smell is an initial symptom of COVID-19 because the virus enters the nasal and oral cavities first and the epithelial cells are the receptors for these senses. Stroke in COVID-19 patients is likely a consequence of coagulopathy and injury to cerebral vascular endothelial cells that cause thrombo-embolism and stroke. Delirium and encephalopathy in acute and post COVID-19 patients are likely multifactorial and secondary to hypoxia, metabolic abnormalities, and immunological abnormalities. Thus far, there is no clear evidence that coronaviruses cause inflammatory neuromuscular diseases via direct invasion of peripheral nerves or muscles or via molecular mimicry. It appears that most of neurologic complications in COVID-19 patients are indirect and as a result of a bystander injury to neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Ausim Azizi
- Global Neuroscience Institute, 1 Medical Center Blvd., Chester, PA, 19013, USA.
| | - Saara-Anne Azizi
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
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20
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Hameed A, Woodacre A, Machado LR, Marsden GL. An Updated Classification System and Review of the Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis Gene Locus in Campylobacter jejuni. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:677. [PMID: 32508756 PMCID: PMC7248181 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is an integral component of the Campylobacter cell membrane with a structure of core oligosaccharides forming inner and outer core regions and a lipid A moiety. The gene content of the LOS core biosynthesis cluster exhibits extensive sequence variation, which leads to the production of variable cell surface LOS structures in Campylobacter. Some LOS outer core molecules in Campylobacter jejuni are molecular mimics of host structures (such as neuronal gangliosides) and are thought to trigger neuronal disorders (particularly Guillain–Barré syndrome and Miller Fisher syndrome) in humans. The extensive genetic variation in the LOS biosynthesis gene cluster, a majority of which occurs in the LOS outer core biosynthesis gene content present between lgtF and waaV, has led to the development of a classification system with 23 classes (A–W) and four groups (1–4) for the C. jejuni LOS region. This review presents an updated and simplified classification system for LOS typing alongside an overview of the frequency of C. jejuni LOS biosynthesis genotypes and structures in various C. jejuni populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hameed
- Division of Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Woodacre
- Division of Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lee R Machado
- Division of Life Sciences, University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom
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21
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Serichantalergs O, Wassanarungroj P, Khemnu N, Poly F, Guerry P, Bodhidatta L, Crawford J, Swierczewski B. Distribution of genes related to Type 6 secretion system and lipooligosaccharide that induced ganglioside mimicry among Campylobacter jejuni isolated from human diarrhea in Thailand. Gut Pathog 2020; 12:18. [PMID: 32308743 PMCID: PMC7146907 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-020-00357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the most common bacteria responsible for human gastroenteritis worldwide. The mode of human transmission is foodborne infections due to consumption of contaminated food, especially poultry. Type 6 secretion systems (T6SS) were described recently as Campylobacter virulence mechanisms. Furthermore, infection sequelae associated with neurological disorders like Guillain-Barré (GBS) and Miller Fisher (MF) syndromes can become serious health problems in some patients after Campylobacter gastroenteritis. Our objective was to determine the distribution of these virulence genes among C. jejuni isolated from stool of human diarrhea. Methods A total of 524 C. jejuni strains from travelers and pediatric cases of acute diarrhea in Thailand were selected for this study. All isolates belonged to one of 20 known capsule types and all were assayed by PCR for T6SS, a hemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp) gene, and GBS-associated genes (cgtA, cgtB, cstII HS19 and cstII HS2 ) which are involved in sialic acid production in the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) cores of C. jejuni. The distribution of these genes are summarized and discussed. Results Of all isolates with these 20 capsule types identified, 328 (62.6%) were positive for hcp, ranging from 29.2 to 100% among 10 capsule types. The GBS-associated LOS genes were detected among 14 capsule type isolates with 24.4% and 23.3% of C. jejuni isolates possessed either cstII HS19 or all three genes (cgtA, cgtB and cstII HS19 ), which were classified as LOS classes A and B whereas 9.2% of C. jejuni isolates possessing cstII HS2 were classified as LOS class C. The C. jejuni isolates of LOS A, B, and C together accounted for 56.9% of the isolates among 14 different capsule types while 31.1% of all C. jejuni isolates did not possess any GBS-associated genes. No significant difference was detected from C. jejuni isolates possessing GBS-associated LOS genes among travelers and children, but changes between those with hcp were significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results suggested a high diversity of hcp and GBS-associated LOS genes among capsule types of C. jejuni isolated from Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oralak Serichantalergs
- 1Department of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharawalai Wassanarungroj
- 1Department of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuanpan Khemnu
- 1Department of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Frédéric Poly
- 2Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Patricia Guerry
- 2Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Ladaporn Bodhidatta
- 1Department of Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John Crawford
- 3US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD USA
| | - Brett Swierczewski
- 4Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
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22
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Epping L, Golz JC, Knüver MT, Huber C, Thürmer A, Wieler LH, Stingl K, Semmler T. Comparison of different technologies for the decipherment of the whole genome sequence of Campylobacter jejuni BfR-CA-14430. Gut Pathog 2019; 11:59. [PMID: 31890037 PMCID: PMC6913002 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen that infects the human gut through the food chain mainly by consumption of undercooked chicken meat, raw chicken cross-contaminated ready-to-eat food or by raw milk. In the last decades, C. jejuni has increasingly become the most common bacterial cause for food-born infections in high income countries, costing public health systems billions of euros each year. Currently, different whole genome sequencing techniques such as short-read bridge amplification and long-read single molecule real-time sequencing techniques are applied for in-depth analysis of bacterial species, in particular, Illumina MiSeq, PacBio and MinION. Results In this study, we analyzed a recently isolated C. jejuni strain from chicken meat by short- and long-read data from Illumina, PacBio and MinION sequencing technologies. For comparability, this strain is used in the German PAC-CAMPY research consortium in several studies, including phenotypic analysis of biofilm formation, natural transformation and in vivo colonization models. The complete assembled genome sequence most likely consists of a chromosome of 1,645,980 bp covering 1665 coding sequences as well as a plasmid sequence with 41,772 bp that encodes for 46 genes. Multilocus sequence typing revealed that the strain belongs to the clonal complex CC-21 (ST-44) which is known to be involved in C. jejuni human infections, including outbreaks. Furthermore, we discovered resistance determinants and a point mutation in the DNA gyrase (gyrA) that render the bacterium resistant against ampicillin, tetracycline and (fluoro-)quinolones. Conclusion The comparison of Illumina MiSeq, PacBio and MinION sequencing and analyses with different assembly tools enabled us to reconstruct a complete chromosome as well as a circular plasmid sequence of the C. jejuni strain BfR-CA-14430. Illumina short-read sequencing in combination with either PacBio or MinION can substantially improve the quality of the complete chromosome and epichromosomal elements on the level of mismatches and insertions/deletions, depending on the assembly program used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennard Epping
- 1NG1-Microbial Genomics, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia C Golz
- 2National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Knüver
- 2National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Huber
- 3Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Thürmer
- 4Methodology and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar H Wieler
- 4Methodology and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- 2National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Semmler
- 1NG1-Microbial Genomics, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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23
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Effects of antibiotic resistance (AR) and microbiota shifts on Campylobacter jejuni-mediated diseases. Anim Health Res Rev 2019; 18:99-111. [PMID: 29665882 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252318000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is an important zoonotic pathogen recently designated a serious antimicrobial resistant (AR) threat. While most patients with C. jejuni experience hemorrhagic colitis, serious autoimmune conditions can follow including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the acute neuropathy Guillain Barré Syndrome (GBS). This review examines inter-relationships among factors mediating C. jejuni diarrheal versus autoimmune disease especially AR C. jejuni and microbiome shifts. Because both susceptible and AR C. jejuni are acquired from animals or their products, we consider their role in harboring strains. Inter-relationships among factors mediating C. jejuni colonization, diarrheal and autoimmune disease include C. jejuni virulence factors and AR, the enteric microbiome, and host responses. Because AR C. jejuni have been suggested to affect the severity of disease, length of infections and propensity to develop GBS, it is important to understand how these interactions occur when strains are under selection by antimicrobials. More work is needed to elucidate host-pathogen interactions of AR C. jejuni compared with susceptible strains and how AR C. jejuni are maintained and evolve in animal reservoirs and the extent of transmission to humans. These knowledge gaps impair the development of effective strategies to prevent the emergence of AR C. jejuni in reservoir species and human populations.
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Fiedoruk K, Daniluk T, Rozkiewicz D, Oldak E, Prasad S, Swiecicka I. Whole-genome comparative analysis of Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in northeastern Poland. Gut Pathog 2019; 11:32. [PMID: 31244901 PMCID: PMC6582539 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis (campylobacteriosis) in humans worldwide, and the most frequent pathogen associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). The study was designed in order to assess similarities between genomes of Campylobacter jejuni strains, isolated from children suffering from acute diarrhea in northeastern Poland, in comparison to C. jejuni genomes stored in public databases. The analysis involved phylogeny, resistome and virulome. In addition, the Campylobacter PubMLST database was used to estimate the prevalence of the analyzed C. jejuni sequence type (STs) in other countries. RESULTS Campylobacter jejuni ST50, ST257 and ST51 represented 5.3%, 4.5% and 2.2% of the PubMLST records, respectively. Overall, strains representing the STs showed common resistance to tetracyclines (51.3%) and fluoroquinolones (31.8%), mediated through the tetO gene (98.2%) and point mutation (T86I) in the gyrA gene (100%). However, the latter was present in all our isolates. The major differences in virulence patterns concerned serotypes, lipooligosaccharide (LOS) classes and certain clinically relevant genes. CONCLUSIONS Campylobacter jejuni ST50, ST51 and ST257 are among the top ten of STs isolated in Europe. WGS revealed diversity of serotypes and LOS classes in ST50 strains, that deserves further clinical and epidemiological investigations as it might be related to a risk of post-infectious neurological sequels such as Guillain-Barré syndrome. Additionally, the results implicate lower pathogenic potential and distinct transmission chains or reservoirs for C. jejuni ST51 isolates responsible for campylobacteriosis in northeastern Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dorota Rozkiewicz
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, University Children’s Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Oldak
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, University Children’s Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Suhanya Prasad
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Swiecicka
- Department of Microbiology, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Genetics behind the Biosynthesis of Nonulosonic Acid-Containing Lipooligosaccharides in Campylobacter coli. J Bacteriol 2019; 201:JB.00759-18. [PMID: 30692173 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00759-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in the world. Ganglioside mimicry by C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is the triggering factor of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyneuropathy. Sialyltransferases from glycosyltransferase family 42 (GT-42) are essential for the expression of ganglioside mimics in C. jejuni Recently, two novel GT-42 genes, cstIV and cstV, have been identified in C. coli Despite being present in ∼11% of currently available C. coli genomes, the biological role of cstIV and cstV is unknown. In the present investigation, mutation studies with two strains expressing either cstIV or cstV were performed and mass spectrometry was used to investigate differences in the chemical composition of LOS. Attempts were made to identify donor and acceptor molecules using in vitro activity tests with recombinant GT-42 enzymes. Here we show that CstIV and CstV are involved in C. coli LOS biosynthesis. In particular, cstV is associated with LOS sialylation, while cstIV is linked to the addition of a diacetylated nonulosonic acid residue.IMPORTANCE Despite the fact that Campylobacter coli a major foodborne pathogen, its glycobiology has been largely neglected. The genetic makeup of the C. coli lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis locus was largely unknown until recently. C. coli harbors a large set of genes associated with lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis, including genes for several putative glycosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of sialylated lipooligosaccharide in Campylobacter jejuni In the present study, C. coli was found to express lipooligosaccharide structures containing sialic acid and other nonulosonate acids. These findings have a strong impact on our understanding of C. coli ecology, host-pathogen interaction, and pathogenesis.
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Duarte A, Botteldoorn N, Miller W, Coucke W, Martiny D, Hallin M, Seliwiorstow T, De Zutter L, Uyttendaele M, Vandenberg O, Dierick K. Relation between broiler and humanCampylobacter jejunistrains isolated in Belgium from 2011 to 2013. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:277-287. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Duarte
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
| | - N. Botteldoorn
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
| | - W.G. Miller
- USDA, ARS, WRRC, Produce Safety and Microbiology; Albany CA USA
| | - W. Coucke
- Section Quality of Laboratories; Sciensano; Brussels Belgium
| | - D. Martiny
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Microbiology; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - M. Hallin
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - T. Seliwiorstow
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - L. De Zutter
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke Belgium
| | - M. Uyttendaele
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Gent Belgium
| | - O. Vandenberg
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter; Saint Pierre University Hospital; Brussels Belgium
- Department of Microbiology; LHUB-ULB; Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
- Center for Environmental Health and Occupational Health; School of Public Health; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - K. Dierick
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter; Sciensano; Scientific Service Foodborne Pathogens; Brussels Belgium
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Abstract
Since the discovery of an acute monophasic paralysis, later coined Guillain-Barré syndrome, almost 100 years ago, and the discovery of chronic, steroid-responsive polyneuropathy 50 years ago, the spectrum of immune-mediated polyneuropathies has broadened, with various subtypes continuing to be identified, including chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). In general, these disorders are speculated to be caused by autoimmunity to proteins located at the node of Ranvier or components of myelin of peripheral nerves, although disease-associated autoantibodies have not been identified for all disorders. Owing to the numerous subtypes of the immune-mediated neuropathies, making the right diagnosis in daily clinical practice is complicated. Moreover, treating these disorders, particularly their chronic variants, such as CIDP and MMN, poses a challenge. In general, management of these disorders includes immunotherapies, such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange. Improvements in clinical criteria and the emergence of more disease-specific immunotherapies should broaden the therapeutic options for these disabling diseases.
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Rodríguez Y, Rojas M, Pacheco Y, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Ramírez-Santana C, Monsalve DM, Gershwin ME, Anaya JM. Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis and infectious diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:547-562. [PMID: 29375121 PMCID: PMC6079071 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and transverse myelitis (TM) both represent immunologically mediated polyneuropathies of major clinical importance. Both are thought to have a genetic predisposition, but as of yet no specific genetic risk loci have been clearly defined. Both are considered autoimmune, but again the etiologies remain enigmatic. Both may be induced via molecular mimicry, particularly from infectious agents and vaccines, but clearly host factor and co-founding host responses will modulate disease susceptibility and natural history. GBS is an acute inflammatory immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by tingling, progressive weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and pain. Immune injury specifically takes place at the myelin sheath and related Schwann-cell components in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, whereas in acute motor axonal neuropathy membranes on the nerve axon (the axolemma) are the primary target for immune-related injury. Outbreaks of GBS have been reported, most frequently related to Campylobacter jejuni infection, however, other agents such as Zika Virus have been strongly associated. Patients with GBS related to infections frequently produce antibodies against human peripheral nerve gangliosides. In contrast, TM is an inflammatory disorder characterized by acute or subacute motor, sensory, and autonomic spinal cord dysfunction. There is interruption of ascending and descending neuroanatomical pathways on the transverse plane of the spinal cord similar to GBS. It has been suggested to be triggered by infectious agents and molecular mimicry. In this review, we will focus on the putative role of infectious agents as triggering factors of GBS and TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhojan Rodríguez
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Manuel Rojas
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Yovana Pacheco
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Yeny Acosta-Ampudia
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Carolina Ramírez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Diana M Monsalve
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, USA, CA
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.
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Elhadidy M, Arguello H, Álvarez-Ordóñez A, Miller WG, Duarte A, Martiny D, Hallin M, Vandenberg O, Dierick K, Botteldoorn N. Orthogonal typing methods identify genetic diversity among Belgian Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated over a decade from poultry and cases of sporadic human illness. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 275:66-75. [PMID: 29649751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen commonly associated with human gastroenteritis. Retail poultry meat is a major food-related transmission source of C. jejuni to humans. The present study investigated the genetic diversity, clonal relationship, and strain risk-analysis of 403 representative C. jejuni isolates from chicken broilers (n = 204) and sporadic cases of human diarrhea (n = 199) over a decade (2006-2015) in Belgium, using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), PCR binary typing (P-BIT), and identification of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) biosynthesis locus classes. A total of 123 distinct sequence types (STs), clustered in 28 clonal complexes (CCs) were assigned, including ten novel sequence types that were not previously documented in the international database. Sequence types ST-48, ST-21, ST-50, ST-45, ST-464, ST-2274, ST-572, ST-19, ST-257 and ST-42 were the most prevalent. Clonal complex 21 was the main clonal complex in isolates from humans and chickens. Among observed STs, a total of 35 STs that represent 72.2% (291/403) of the isolates were identified in both chicken and human isolates confirming considerable epidemiological relatedness; these 35 STs also clustered together in the most prevalent CCs. A majority of the isolates harbored sialylated LOS loci associated with potential neuropathic outcomes in humans. Although the concordance between MLST and P-BIT, determined by the adjusted Rand and Wallace coefficients, showed low congruence between both typing methods. The discriminatory power of P-BIT and MLST was similar, with Simpson's diversity indexes of 0.978 and 0.975, respectively. Furthermore, P-BIT could provide additional epidemiological information that would provide further insights regarding the potential association to human health from each strain. In addition, certain clones could be linked to specific clinical symptoms. Indeed, LOS class E was associated with less severe infections. Moreover, ST-572 was significantly associated with clinical infections occurring after travelling abroad. Ultimately, the data generated from this study will help to better understand the molecular epidemiology of C. jejuni infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elhadidy
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hector Arguello
- Genomic and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Avelino Álvarez-Ordóñez
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology and Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, Spain
| | - William G Miller
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Duarte
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Scientific Service: Foodborne Pathogens, Juliette Wytsman Street 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delphine Martiny
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter, Saint Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, LHUB-ULB, Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Hallin
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter, Saint Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, LHUB-ULB, Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Molecular Diagnosis, LHUB-ULB, Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vandenberg
- National Reference Center for Campylobacter, Saint Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Microbiology, LHUB-ULB, Pôle Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Center for Environmental Health and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katelijne Dierick
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Scientific Service: Foodborne Pathogens, Juliette Wytsman Street 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nadine Botteldoorn
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Scientific Service: Foodborne Pathogens, Juliette Wytsman Street 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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A representative overview of the genetic diversity and lipooligosaccharide sialylation in Campylobacter jejuni along the broiler production chain in France and its comparison with human isolates. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 274:20-30. [PMID: 29579648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and is associated with post-infectious neuropathies. Moreover, the chicken reservoir is described as the main source of human infection and C. jejuni sialylated lipooligosaccharides seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropathies. In this study, MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST) and Comparative Genomic Fingerprinting using 40 assay genes (CGF40) were used to describe C. jejuni populations within clinical isolates and a representative collection of isolates from French poultry production. In addition, the sialylation of C. jejuni LOS was assessed. Here, we report high levels of genetic diversity among both chicken and human disease C. jejuni populations. The predominance of the ST-21, ST-45, and ST-464 complexes in chicken isolates and of the ST-21, ST-206, and ST-48 complexes in the clinical isolates was observed as were correlations between some MLST and CGF40 genotypes. Furthermore, some C. jejuni genotypes were frequently isolated among clinical cases as well as all along the broiler production chain, suggesting a potentially high implication of chicken in human campylobacteriosis in France. Finally, the LOS classes A, B and C were predominant within clinical C. jejuni isolates supporting the hypothesis of a benefit in infectivity for C. jejuni isolates showing sialylated LOS.
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Neal-McKinney JM, Liu KC, Jinneman KC, Wu WH, Rice DH. Whole Genome Sequencing and Multiplex qPCR Methods to Identify Campylobacter jejuni Encoding cst-II or cst-III Sialyltransferase. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:408. [PMID: 29615986 PMCID: PMC5865068 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni causes more than 2 million cases of gastroenteritis annually in the United States, and is also linked to the autoimmune sequelae Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS). GBS often results in flaccid paralysis, as the myelin sheaths of nerve cells are degraded by the adaptive immune response. Certain strains of C. jejuni modify their lipooligosaccharide (LOS) with the addition of neuraminic acid, resulting in LOS moieties that are structurally similar to gangliosides present on nerve cells. This can trigger GBS in a susceptible host, as antibodies generated against C. jejuni can cross-react with gangliosides, leading to demyelination of nerves and a loss of signal transduction. The goal of this study was to develop a quantitative PCR (qPCR) method and use whole genome sequencing data to detect the Campylobacter sialyltransferase (cst) genes responsible for the addition of neuraminic acid to LOS. The qPCR method was used to screen a library of 89 C. jejuni field samples collected by the Food and Drug Administration Pacific Northwest Lab (PNL) as well as clinical isolates transferred to PNL. In silico analysis was used to screen 827 C. jejuni genomes in the FDA GenomeTrakr SRA database. The results indicate that a majority of C. jejuni strains could produce LOS with ganglioside mimicry, as 43.8% of PNL isolates and 46.9% of the GenomeTrakr isolates lacked the cst genes. The methods described in this study can be used by public health laboratories to rapidly determine whether a C. jejuni isolate has the potential to induce GBS. Based on these results, a majority of C. jejuni in the PNL collection and submitted to GenomeTrakr have the potential to produce LOS that mimics human gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Neal-McKinney
- Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Applied Technology Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, WA, United States
| | - Kun C Liu
- Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Applied Technology Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, WA, United States
| | - Karen C Jinneman
- Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Applied Technology Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, WA, United States
| | - Wen-Hsin Wu
- Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Applied Technology Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, WA, United States
| | - Daniel H Rice
- Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Applied Technology Center, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bothell, WA, United States
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Origin, evolution, and distribution of the molecular machinery for biosynthesis of sialylated lipooligosaccharide structures in Campylobacter coli. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3028. [PMID: 29445215 PMCID: PMC5813019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Additionally, C. jejuni is the most common bacterial etiological agent in the autoimmune Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Ganglioside mimicry by C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide (LOS) is the triggering factor of the disease. LOS-associated genes involved in the synthesis and transfer of sialic acid (glycosyltranferases belonging to family GT-42) are essential in C. jejuni to synthesize ganglioside-like LOS. Despite being isolated from GBS patients, scarce genetic evidence supports C. coli role in the disease. In this study, through data mining and bioinformatics analysis, C. coli is shown to possess a larger GT-42 glycosyltransferase repertoire than C. jejuni. Although GT-42 glycosyltransferases are widely distributed in C. coli population, only a fraction of C. coli strains (1%) are very likely able to express ganglioside mimics. Even though the activity of C. coli specific GT-42 enzymes and their role in shaping the bacterial population are yet to be explored, evidence presented herein suggest that loss of function of some LOS-associated genes occurred during agriculture niche adaptation.
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Loshaj-Shala A, Colzani M, Brezovska K, Poceva Panovska A, Suturkova L, Beretta G. Immunoproteomic identification of antigenic candidate Campylobacter jejuni and human peripheral nerve proteins involved in Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 317:77-83. [PMID: 29338928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunoproteomics is become a potent methodology used for identifying immunoreactive proteins. In this study, an immunoproteomic approach based on 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and immunoblotting combined with high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) was used to identify immunoreactive proteins that might be involved in mechanisms of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) development, regardless of their potential reciprocal molecular mimicry. Proteins isolated from C. jejuni and human peripheral nerve tissue (HPN) were separated with 2D SDS-PAGE and subjected to western blotting using serum samples from GBS patients. The peptides generated after proteolysis of the immunoreactive proteins were submitted to nanoflow-high performance liquid chromatography-nano electrospray ionization coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (nHPLC-nESI-MS and MS/MS) followed by SEQUESTdata analysis for proteins identification. In C. jejuni, immunoreactivity was found for GroEL and DnaK, structural proteins (MOMP), key enzymatic proteins necessary for the microbial proliferation (adenylate kinase, enolase, inorganic pyrophosphatase and aspartate ammonia-lyase), and antioxidant enzymes (alkyl hydroperoxide reductase-AhpC and DNA protection during starvation protein - DNA protection factor against Fe2+-mediated oxidative stress). HPN immunoreactive proteins identified were heat shock proteins (HSP), intermediate filaments (vimentin and desmin), and other proteins and enzymes such as troponin/tropomyosin complex and ATP synthase subunit beta and the keratan sulfate proteoglycan lumican. The targeting of vimentin and desmin, suggested that the neuronal autoimmune damage is specifically directed to intermediate neuronal (vimentin) and neuromuscular IF, probably localized nearby cell surface, affording increased accessibility to autoantibodies. These findings suggest that the post-infectious development of GBS may be also associated to additional concomitant immune factors that lead to nerve damage generated by auto-immune trigger(s) different from molecular mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Loshaj-Shala
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hasan Prishtina, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Mara Colzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Katerina Brezovska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | | | - Ljubica Suturkova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Islam Z, Sarker SK, Jahan I, Farzana KS, Ahmed D, Faruque ASG, Guerry P, Poly F, Heikema AP, Endtz HP. Capsular genotype and lipooligosaccharide locus class distribution in Campylobacter jejuni from young children with diarrhea and asymptomatic carriers in Bangladesh. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 37:723-728. [PMID: 29270862 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni-related diarrheal diseases is one of the major health issues among young children (0-59 months old) in low-income countries. Monitoring of the capsular (capsule polysaccharide, CPS) types of virulent C. jejuni strains in regions where the disease is endemic is of great importance for the development of a customized capsule-based multivalent vaccine. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CPS genotypes among C. jejuni strains isolated from young children with enteritis (n = 152) and asymptomatic carriers matched by age, sex, and residence defined as the control group (n = 215) in Bangladesh. CPS genotyping was performed using a newly established multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and lipooligosaccharide (LOS) locus classes (A-E) were characterized using PCR as well. We identified 24 different CPS genotypes among the 367 isolates. Four prevalent capsular types, HS5/31 complex (n = 27, 18%), HS3 (n = 26, 17%), HS4A (n = 10, 7%), and HS8/17 (n = 10, 7%) covered almost 50% of the strains from enteritis patients and 43% of the isolates from controls. In combination, the CPS genotype and LOS class was not discriminative between cases and controls. Dominant capsular types previously identified in C. jejuni strains isolated from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Bangladesh were rarely detected in strains isolated from the young children. A similar distribution was evident among enteritis- and control-related strains when comparison was done between CPS types and LOS classes. This is the first systematic study presenting the distribution of CPS genotypes of C. jejuni strains isolated in Bangladesh from children with diarrhea and controls, with capsular genotypes HS5/31 complex, HS3, HS4A, and HS8/17 being prevalent in both. In conclusion, systematic studies are required to develop a multivalent capsule-based vaccine for children in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Islam
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - S K Sarker
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - I Jahan
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - K S Farzana
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - D Ahmed
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - A S G Faruque
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - P Guerry
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - F Poly
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - A P Heikema
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H P Endtz
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (icddr,b), GPO Box-128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France
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Gholizadeh P, Aghazadeh M, Asgharzadeh M, Kafil HS. Suppressing the CRISPR/Cas adaptive immune system in bacterial infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:2043-2051. [PMID: 28601970 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) coupled with CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins (CRISPR/Cas) are the adaptive immune system of eubacteria and archaebacteria. This system provides protection of bacteria against invading foreign DNA, such as transposons, bacteriophages and plasmids. Three-stage processes in this system for immunity against foreign DNAs are defined as adaptation, expression and interference. Recent studies suggested a correlation between the interfering of the CRISPR/Cas locus, acquisition of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity island. In this review article, we demonstrate and discuss the CRISPR/Cas system's roles in interference with acquisition of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity island in some eubacteria. Totally, these systems function as the adaptive immune system of bacteria against invading foreign DNA, blocking the acquisition of antibiotic resistance and virulence factor, detecting serotypes, indirect effects of CRISPR self-targeting, associating with physiological functions, associating with infections in humans at the transmission stage, interfering with natural transformation, a tool for genome editing in genome engineering, monitoring foodborne pathogens etc. These results showed that the CRISPR/Cas system might prevent the emergence of virulence both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, this system was shown to be a strong selective pressure for the acquisition of antibiotic resistance and virulence factor in bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gholizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Aghazadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Asgharzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H S Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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Accessory genetic content in Campylobacter jejuni ST21CC isolates from feces and blood. Int J Med Microbiol 2017; 307:233-240. [PMID: 28408091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is an important foodborne pathogen and the most commonly reported bacterial cause of gastroenteritis. C. jejuni is occasionally found in blood, although mechanisms important for invasiveness have remained unclear. C. jejuni is divided into many different lineages, of which the ST21 clonal complex (CC) is widely distributed. Here, we performed comparative genomic and in vitro analyses on 17C. jejuni ST21CC strains derived from human blood and feces in order to identify features associated with isolation site. The ST21CC lineage is divided into two large groups; centered around ST-21 and ST-50. Our clinical strains, typed as ST-50, showed further microevolution into two distinct clusters. These clusters were distinguished by major differences in their capsule loci and the distribution of accessory genetic content, including C. jejuni integrated elements (CJIEs) and plasmids. Accessory genetic content was more common among fecal than blood strains, whereas blood strains contained a hybrid capsule locus which partially consisted of C. jejuni subsp. doylei-like content. In vitro infection assays with human colon cell lines did not show significant differences in adherence and invasion between the blood and fecal strains. Our results showed that CJIEs and plasmid derived genetic material were less common among blood isolates than fecal isolates; in contrast, hybrid capsule loci, especially those containing C. jejuni subsp. doylei-like gene content, were found among many isolates derived from blood. The role of these findings requires more detailed investigation.
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Ohishi T, Aoki K, Ishii Y, Usui M, Tamura Y, Kawanishi M, Ohnishi K, Tateda K. Molecular epidemiological analysis of human- and chicken-derived isolates of Campylobacter jejuni in Japan using next-generation sequencing. J Infect Chemother 2017; 23:165-172. [PMID: 28087306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we analyzed the main sequence types (ST) and ST complexes of human- and chicken-derived isolates of Campylobacter jejuni in Japan by using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). We also analyzed lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis locus classes (LOS locus classes) and the numbers of isolates carrying genes coding resistance factors against various antibiotics, and observed their relationships. ST-21 complex was the main ST complex in isolates from humans (n = 38) and chickens (n = 25). None of the isolates showed resistance to imipenem, chloramphenicol, or erythromycin. Few isolates were resistant to ampicillin and streptomycin (1.3%-15%), whereas many showed resistance to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid (38%-48%). Among the ST-21 complex isolates, ST4526 was detected at a very high rate. Those isolates showed resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, and were susceptible to ampicillin. Among the chicken-derived isolates, 37 of the 38 isolates that showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid had threonine to isoleucine amino acid substitution in GyrA at codon 86 (T86I). Among the human-derived isolates, 17 of the 47 isolates that showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and 16 of the 48 isolates that showed resistance to nalidixic acid did not have T86I amino acid mutations in GyrA. The human-derived ST-21 complex isolates were classified into LOS locus classes A, B, C, D, and E. The chicken-derived ST-21 complex isolates, with the exception of one isolate, were all classified into LOS locus classes C and D. Among chicken-derived isolates, the most prevalent was ST51 (ST-443 complex) (10 isolates) and all of those were LOS locus class E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ohishi
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaki Citizen Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotaro Aoki
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masaru Usui
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Division of Health and Environmental Science School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tamura
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, Division of Health and Environmental Science School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michiko Kawanishi
- National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohnishi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tateda
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ellström P, Hansson I, Nilsson A, Rautelin H, Olsson Engvall E. Lipooligosaccharide locus classes and putative virulence genes among chicken and human Campylobacter jejuni isolates. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:116. [PMID: 27871232 PMCID: PMC5118878 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacter cause morbidity and considerable economic loss due to hospitalization and post infectious sequelae such as reactive arthritis, Guillain Barré- and Miller Fischer syndromes. Such sequelae have been linked to C. jejuni harboring sialic acid structures in their lipooligosaccharide (LOS) layer of the cell wall. Poultry is an important source of human Campylobacter infections but little is known about the prevalence of sialylated C. jejuni isolates and the extent of transmission of such isolates to humans. Results Genotypes of C. jejuni isolates from enteritis patients were compared with those of broiler chicken with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), to study the patterns of LOS biosynthesis genes and other virulence associated genes and to what extent these occur among Campylobacter genotypes found both in humans and chickens. Chicken and human isolates generally had similar distributions of the putative virulence genes and LOS locus classes studied. However, there were significant differences regarding LOS locus class of PFGE types that were overlapping between chicken and human isolates and those that were distinct to each source. Conclusions The study highlights the prevalence of virulence associated genes among Campylobacter isolates from humans and chickens and suggests possible patterns of transmission between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Ellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, BMC A9:3, Husargatan 3, SE-75123, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ingrid Hansson
- Department of Microbiology, EU Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, National Veterinary Institute, SE-75189, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hilpi Rautelin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Olsson Engvall
- Department of Microbiology, EU Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, National Veterinary Institute, SE-75189, Uppsala, Sweden
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Liang H, Zhang A, Gu Y, You Y, Zhang J, Zhang M. Genetic Characteristics and Multiple-PCR Development for Capsular Identification of Specific Serotypes of Campylobacter jejuni. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165159. [PMID: 27788180 PMCID: PMC5082957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The polysaccharide capsule (CPS) of Campylobacter jejuni is a virulence factor linked to cell surface carbohydrate diversity which mainly determines the serotypes. Thirty-four CPS gene cluster structures have been published and some of them can be distinguished by multiple-PCR. Penner serotypes HS1/44c, HS2, HS4c, HS19, HS23/36c and HS41 are markers for Guillain—Barré syndrome (GBS). The capsules may contribute to GBS susceptibility. Analysis of 18 CPS loci revealed high gene content diversity and a mosaic nature of the capsule loci, which are possibly due to gene gain/loss events, and demonstrated a high degree of conservation of genes within serotypes/serotype complexes. A method of multiple-PCR was developed to distinguish five specific serotypes and three GBS-related serotypes. Primers specific for each capsule type were designed on the basis of paralogs or a unique DNA region of the CPS locus. The multiple-PCR can distinguish the eight serotypes in two PCRs with sensitivity and specificity of 100% using 227 strains of known Penner type. The multiple-PCR method will help to distinguish serotypes simply and rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhai You
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Sinmaz N, Nguyen T, Tea F, Dale RC, Brilot F. Mapping autoantigen epitopes: molecular insights into autoantibody-associated disorders of the nervous system. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:219. [PMID: 27577085 PMCID: PMC5006540 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our knowledge of autoantibody-associated diseases of the central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems has expanded greatly over the recent years. A number of extracellular and intracellular autoantigens have been identified, and there is no doubt that this field will continue to expand as more autoantigens are discovered as a result of improved clinical awareness and methodological practice. In recent years, interest has shifted to uncover the target epitopes of these autoantibodies. Main body The purpose of this review is to discuss the mapping of the epitope targets of autoantibodies in CNS and PNS antibody-mediated disorders, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (Lgi1), contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK), voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC), neurofascin (NF), and contactin. We also address the methods used to analyze these epitopes, the relevance of their determination, and how this knowledge can inform studies on autoantibody pathogenicity. Furthermore, we discuss triggers of autoimmunity, such as molecular mimicry, ectopic antigen expression, epitope spreading, and potential mechanisms for the rising number of double autoantibody-positive patients. Conclusions Molecular insights into specificity and role of autoantibodies will likely improve diagnosis and treatment of CNS and PNS neuroimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Sinmaz
- Brain Autoimmunity Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Tina Nguyen
- Brain Autoimmunity Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Fiona Tea
- Brain Autoimmunity Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Brain Autoimmunity Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fabienne Brilot
- Brain Autoimmunity Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Ziganshin RH, Ivanova OM, Lomakin YA, Belogurov AA, Kovalchuk SI, Azarkin IV, Arapidi GP, Anikanov NA, Shender VO, Piradov MA, Suponeva NA, Vorobyeva AA, Gabibov AG, Ivanov VT, Govorun VM. The Pathogenesis of the Demyelinating Form of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS): Proteo-peptidomic and Immunological Profiling of Physiological Fluids. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2366-78. [PMID: 27143409 PMCID: PMC4937510 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.056036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) - the main form of Guillain-Barre syndrome-is a rare and severe disorder of the peripheral nervous system with an unknown etiology. One of the hallmarks of the AIDP pathogenesis is a significantly elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein level. In this paper CSF peptidome and proteome in AIDP were analyzed and compared with multiple sclerosis and control patients. A total protein concentration increase was shown to be because of even changes in all proteins rather than some specific response, supporting the hypothesis of protein leakage from blood through the blood-nerve barrier. The elevated CSF protein level in AIDP was complemented by activization of protein degradation and much higher peptidome diversity. Because of the studies of the acute motor axonal form, Guillain-Barre syndrome as a whole is thought to be associated with autoimmune response against neurospecific molecules. Thus, in AIDP, autoantibodies against cell adhesion proteins localized at Ranvier's nodes were suggested as possible targets in AIDP. Indeed, AIDP CSF peptidome analysis revealed cell adhesion proteins degradation, however no reliable dependence on the corresponding autoantibodies levels was found. Proteome analysis revealed overrepresentation of Gene Ontology groups related to responses to bacteria and virus infections, which were earlier suggested as possible AIDP triggers. Immunoglobulin blood serum analysis against most common neuronal viruses did not reveal any specific pathogen; however, AIDP patients were more immunopositive in average and often had polyinfections. Cytokine analysis of both AIDP CSF and blood did not show a systemic adaptive immune response or general inflammation, whereas innate immunity cytokines were up-regulated. To supplement the widely-accepted though still unproven autoimmunity-based AIDP mechanism we propose a hypothesis of the primary peripheral nervous system damaging initiated as an innate immunity-associated local inflammation following neurotropic viruses egress, whereas the autoantibody production might be an optional complementary secondary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustam H Ziganshin
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation;
| | - Olga M Ivanova
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Yakov A Lomakin
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Belogurov
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey I Kovalchuk
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Azarkin
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Georgij P Arapidi
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation; §Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy pereulok 9, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A Anikanov
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Victoria O Shender
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A Piradov
- ¶Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye highway, 80, Moscow 125367, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia A Suponeva
- ¶Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye highway, 80, Moscow 125367, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A Vorobyeva
- ¶Research Center of Neurology, Volokolamskoye highway, 80, Moscow 125367, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Gabibov
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim T Ivanov
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim M Govorun
- From the ‡Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation; §Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy pereulok 9, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russian Federation; ‖Research Institute of Physical Chemical Medicine, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow 119435, Russian Federation
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Discriminative power of Campylobacter phenotypic and genotypic typing methods. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 125:33-9. [PMID: 26996762 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare different typing methods, individually and combined, for use in the monitoring of Campylobacter in food. Campylobacter jejuni (n=94) and Campylobacter coli (n=52) isolated from different broiler meat carcasses were characterized using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), flagellin gene A restriction fragment length polymorphism typing (flaA-RFLP), antimicrobial resistance profiling (AMRp), the presence/absence of 5 putative virulence genes; and, exclusively for C. jejuni, the determination of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) class. Discriminatory power was calculated by the Simpson's index of diversity (SID) and the congruence was measured by the adjusted Rand index and adjusted Wallace coefficient. MLST was individually the most discriminative typing method for both C. jejuni (SID=0.981) and C. coli (SID=0.957). The most discriminative combination with a SID of 0.992 for both C. jejuni and C. coli was obtained by combining MLST with flaA-RFLP. The combination of MLST with flaA-RFLP is an easy and feasible typing method for short-term monitoring of Campylobacter in broiler meat carcass.
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The immunobiology of Campylobacter jejuni: Innate immunity and autoimmune diseases. Immunobiology 2015; 221:535-43. [PMID: 26709064 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Campylobacter jejuni causes gastroenteritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome in humans. Recent advances in the immunobiology of C. jejuni have been made. This review summarizes C. jejuni-binding innate receptors and highlights the role of innate immunity in autoimmune diseases. This human pathogen produces a variety of glycoconjugates, including human ganglioside-like determinants and multiple activators of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Furthermore, C. jejuni targets MyD88, NLRP3 inflammasome, TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs), macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), and immunoglobulin-like receptors (TREM2, LMIR5/CD300b). The roles of these innate receptors and signaling molecules have been extensively studied. MyD88-mediated TLR activation or inflammasome-dependent IL-1β secretion is essential for autoimmune induction. TRIF mediates the production of type I interferons that promote humoral immune responses and immunoglobulin class-switching. Siglec-1 and Siglec-7 interact directly with gangliosides. Siglec-1 activation enhances phagocytosis and inflammatory responses. MGL internalizes GalNAc-containing glycoconjugates. TREM2 is well-known for its role in phagocytosis. LMIR5 recognizes C. jejuni components and endogenous sulfoglycolipids. Several lines of evidence from animal models of autoimmune diseases suggest that simultaneous activation of innate immunity in the presence of autoreactive lymphocytes or antigen mimicry may link C. jejuni to immunopathology.
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Complete Genome Sequences of Campylobacter jejuni Strains RM3196 (233.94) and RM3197 (308.95) Isolated from Patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/6/e01312-15. [PMID: 26543130 PMCID: PMC4645215 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01312-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Infections with Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni are a leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis and the most prevalent infection preceding Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This study describes the genomes of C. jejuni subsp. jejuni HS:41 strains RM3196 (233.94) and RM3197 (308.95) that were isolated from patients with GBS in Cape Town, South Africa.
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Zhang M, Gilbert M, Yuki N, Cao F, Li J, Liu H, Li Q, Meng F, Zhang J. Association of Anti-GT1a Antibodies with an Outbreak of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Analysis of Ganglioside Mimicry in an Associated Campylobacter jejuni Strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131730. [PMID: 26197476 PMCID: PMC4510130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), subsequent to Campylobacter jejuni enteritis, occurred in China in 2007. Serum anti-ganglioside antibodies were measured in GBS patients and controls. Genome sequencing was used to determine the phylogenetic relationship among three C. jejuni strains from a patient with GBS (ICDCCJ07001), a patient with gastroenteritis (ICDCCJ07002) and a healthy carrier (ICDCCJ07004), which were all associated with the outbreak. The ganglioside-like structures of the lipo-oligosaccharides of these strains were determined by mass spectrometry. Seventeen (53%) of the GBS patients had anti-GT1a IgG antibodies. GT1a mimicry was found in the lipo-oligosaccharides of strain ICDCCJ07002 and ICDCCJ07004; but a combination of GM3/GD3 mimics was observed in ICDCCJ07001, although this patient had anti-GT1a IgG antibodies. A single-base deletion in a glycosyltransferase gene caused the absence of GT1a mimicry in ICDCCJ07001. The phylogenetic tree showed that ICDCCJ07002 and ICDCCJ07004 were genetically closer to each other than to ICDCCJ07001. C. jejuni, bearing a GT1a-like lipo-oligosaccharide, might have caused the GBS outbreak and the loss of GT1a mimicry may have helped ICDCCJ07001 to survive in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 102206
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China, 310003
| | - Michel Gilbert
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Nobuhiro Yuki
- National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 308433
| | - Fangfang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 102206
| | - Jianjun Li
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Hongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 102206
| | - Qun Li
- Office for Disease Control and Emergency Response, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fanliang Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 102206
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, 102206
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China, 310003
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Sierra-Arguello YM, Morgan RB, Perdoncini G, Lima LM, Gomes MJP, Nascimento VPD. Resistance to β-lactam and tetracycline in Campylobacter spp.isolated from broiler slaughterhouses in southern Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2015000700006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The study was carried out to screen and analyze the genetic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from poultry sources. A total of 141 strains of Campylobacter isolated from samples of broilers of slaughterhouses in southern Brazil was identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Campylobacter isolates were evaluated for its antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of resistance genes. The strains were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility against two agents (ampicillin and tetracycline) by disk diffusion method. PCR assay was used to confirm the specie and the presence of ampicillin (blaOXA-61), tetracycline tet(O), and the energy-dependent multi-drug efflux pump (cmeB) genes. Campylobacter jejuni was the most ubiquitous; its presence was determined in 140 samples out of 141 (99.3%), whereas Campylobacter coli was found only in one of the contaminated samples (0.70%). The results obtained showed 65% and 35.5% of Campylobacter isolates resistant to β-lactams and tetracyclines, respectively. The cmeB gene responsible for multidrug resistance was detected in 26 isolates out 141 strains (18.5%). Moreover, 36 out of 141 Campylobacter strains (25.6%) were found to be resistant to at least two different antimicrobia resistance markers (β-lactams and tetracyclines).
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Huizinga R, van den Berg B, van Rijs W, Tio-Gillen AP, Fokkink WJR, Bakker-Jonges LE, Geleijns K, Samsom JN, van Doorn PA, Laman JD, Jacobs BC. Innate Immunity toCampylobacter jejuniin Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Ann Neurol 2015; 78:343-54. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.24442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Huizinga
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bianca van den Berg
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rijs
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anne P. Tio-Gillen
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willem Jan R. Fokkink
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Karin Geleijns
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Janneke N. Samsom
- Division Gastroenterology and Nutrition; Department of Pediatrics; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. van Doorn
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jon D. Laman
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bart C. Jacobs
- Department of Immunology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Heikema AP, Islam Z, Horst-Kreft D, Huizinga R, Jacobs BC, Wagenaar JA, Poly F, Guerry P, van Belkum A, Parker CT, Endtz HP. Campylobacter jejuni capsular genotypes are related to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:852.e1-9. [PMID: 26070960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In about one in a thousand cases, a Campylobacter jejuni infection results in the severe polyneuropathy Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). It is established that sialylated lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) of C. jejuni are a crucial virulence factor in GBS development. Frequent detection of C. jejuni with sialylated LOS in stools derived from patients with uncomplicated enteritis implies that additional bacterial factors should be involved. To assess whether the polysaccharide capsule is a marker for GBS, the capsular genotypes of two geographically distinct GBS-associated C. jejuni strain collections and an uncomplicated enteritis control collection were determined. Capsular genotyping of C. jejuni strains from the Netherlands revealed that three capsular genotypes, HS1/44c, HS2 and HS4c, were dominant in GBS-associated strains and capsular types HS1/44c and HS4c were significantly associated with GBS (p 0.05 and p 0.01, respectively) when compared with uncomplicated enteritis. In a GBS-associated strain collection from Bangladesh, capsular types HS23/36c, HS19 and HS41 were most prevalent and the capsular types HS19 and HS41 were associated with GBS (p 0.008 and p 0.02, respectively). Next, specific combinations of the LOS class and capsular genotypes were identified that were related to the occurrence of GBS. Multilocus sequence typing revealed restricted genetic diversity for strain populations with the capsular types HS2, HS19 and HS41. We conclude that capsular types HS1/44c, HS2, HS4c, HS19, HS23/36c and HS41 are markers for GBS. Besides a crucial role for sialylated LOS of C. jejuni in GBS pathogenesis, the identified capsules may contribute to GBS susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Heikema
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Z Islam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - D Horst-Kreft
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Huizinga
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B C Jacobs
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J A Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands; Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - F Poly
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - P Guerry
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - A van Belkum
- bioMérieux, R&D Microbiology, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - C T Parker
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, USA
| | - H P Endtz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Fondation Mérieux, Lyon, France
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Guyard-Nicodème M, Rivoal K, Houard E, Rose V, Quesne S, Mourand G, Rouxel S, Kempf I, Guillier L, Gauchard F, Chemaly M. Prevalence and characterization of Campylobacter jejuni from chicken meat sold in French retail outlets. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 203:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Evidence for TLR4 and FcRγ-CARD9 activation by cholera toxin B subunit and its direct bindings to TREM2 and LMIR5 receptors. Mol Immunol 2015; 66:463-71. [PMID: 26021803 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cholera toxin (CTX) is a virulent factor of Vibrio cholerae that causes life-threatening diarrheal disease. Its non-toxic subunit CTB has been extensively studied for vaccine delivery. In immune cells, CTB induces a number of signaling molecules related to cellular activation and cytokine production. The mechanisms by which CTB exerts its immunological effects are not understood. We report here the immunological targets of CTB. The unexpected finding that GM1 ganglioside inhibited NF-κB activation in human monocytes stimulated with CTX and agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLR) suggests the possibility of CTX-TLR interaction. Indeed, CTX-induced IL-6 production was substantially reduced in MyD88(-/-) or TLR4(-/-) macrophages. Ectopic expression of TLR4 was required for CTX-induced NF-κB activation in HEK 293 cells. Furthermore, the inflammatory capacity of CTB was lost in the absence of TLR4, adaptor protein FcRγ, or its downstream signaling molecule CARD9. Attempts have been made to identify CTB-binding targets from various C-type lectin and immunoglobulin-like receptors. CTB targeted not only GM1 and TLR4 but also TREM2 and LMIR5/CD300b. CTB-TREM2 interaction initiated signal transduction through adaptor protein DAP12. The binding of CTB inhibited LMIR5 activation induced by its endogenous ligand 3-O-sulfo-β-d-galactosylceramide C24:1. In summary, CTB targets TLR4, FcRγ-CARD9, TREM2, and LMIR5. These findings provide new insights into the immunobiology of cholera toxin.
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