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Engbers RA, Bekhet AK, Jerofke-Owen T, Johnson NL, Singh M. Psychometric properties of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale among undergraduate nursing students. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 50:21-26. [PMID: 38789229 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the resilience of undergraduate nursing students is essential for the individual student's well-being and the healthcare system dealing with a looming nursing shortage. Undergraduate nursing students have reported that positive thinking and positive reframing are ways of coping with exposure to suffering, but measurement of these skills remains limited in this population. This is the first study to examine the psychometric properties of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale specifically in undergraduate nursing students and in a sample that includes students from both public and private universities. Internal consistency was demonstrated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.824, convergent validity was demonstrated with correlations with measures of views of suffering and professional quality of life, and the one-factor structure was supported in a sample of 157 undergraduate nursing students. The Positive Thinking Skills Scale can be a useful tool to both assess and measure the development of positive thinking skills in undergraduate nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A Engbers
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States of America.
| | - Abir K Bekhet
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States of America
| | - Teresa Jerofke-Owen
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States of America
| | - Norah L Johnson
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States of America
| | - Maharaj Singh
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States of America
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2
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Uribe FAR, Favacho MFM, Moura PMN, Patiño DMC, da Silva Pedroso J. Effectiveness of an app-based intervention to improve well-being through cultivating positive thinking and positive emotions in an adult sample: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1200960. [PMID: 37539002 PMCID: PMC10394839 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1200960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interventions to promote health and well-being based on the construction of psychological resources can positively impact the daily life of users and foster human flourishing. Nowadays, mobile health represents a safe way to support health research and implement evidence-based psychological interventions. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile app-based intervention program (OneUS) designed to cultivate positive emotions and positive thinking to improve overall well-being. Methods The study is designed as a randomized controlled trial. Two hundred participants will be randomly assigned to either a mobile health intervention condition (OneUS App) or an active control condition. The intervention consists of a program to cultivate positive emotions and positive thoughts. The active control intervention will comprise a set of mental imagery exercises and daily routine recording. The primary outcome comprises optimal well-being assessed using the multidimensional PERMA-Profiler scale. The sample will include adult people from the general population, who will be assessed at 8 time points: baseline (t1), intervention (t2, t3, t4, t5, t6) post-intervention (t7) and 3-month follow-up (t8). Discussion Mobile apps seem to be promising tools to promote health and well-being. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile app (OneUS) aiming to cultivate positive emotions and positive thinking to improve well-being. The main strength of this study is the development of an evidence-based mobile health app, based on intentional mental training, to promote well-being. The limitations of this study relate to potential participant drop-out and the non-generalizability of the results to clinical populations. Clinical trial registration https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-43hpwqk, Identifier RBR-43hpwqk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diana Milena Cortés Patiño
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Janari da Silva Pedroso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria e Pesquisa do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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3
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Almeida TC, Ifrim IC. Psychometric Properties of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS) among Portuguese Adults. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050357. [PMID: 37232594 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive thinking is a cognitive attitude that focuses on optimism and aims for positive results. Positive thinking leads to positive emotions, more adaptive behaviors, and better problem solving. Positive thoughts can inspire individuals and have been linked to increased psychological health. On the other hand, negative thoughts are related to unsatisfactory mental health. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS) and to verify the correlations between positive thinking, resilience, and repetitive negative thinking. PARTICIPANTS The sample comprised 220 Portuguese participants between 18 and 62 years of age (M = 24.9, SD = 6.58), and the majority were women (80.5%). METHOD Participants responded to an online sociodemographic questionnaire, the PTSS, the Persistent and Intrusive Negative Thoughts Scale (PINTS), and the Resilience Scale-10 (RS-10). RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the original one-factor structure of the PTSS obtained good fits. An excellent value of internal consistency was found. The results also revealed convergent and discriminant validity. CONCLUSION The PTSS is a brief and reliable instrument for assessing positive thinking skills, and its use in research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Catarina Almeida
- Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- CiiEM-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- LabPSI-Laboratório de Psicologia Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ionela Catalina Ifrim
- Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Gergis M, Bekhet A, Kozlowski-Gibson M, Hovland C, Dahlin C, Ent M, Thoman J. Resourcefulness and stress among hospice and palliative nurses: the role of positive thinking. Int J Palliat Nurs 2023; 29:91-99. [PMID: 36822614 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2023.29.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Among healthcare professionals, hospice and palliative nurses have a high risk of experiencing work stress. However, little attention has been paid to protective factors that could mitigate the impact of daily stressors on hospice and palliative nurses. Aim: This study aimed to determine whether resourcefulness and positive thinking have a negative association with perceived stress among hospice and palliative nurses, and whether positive thinking moderates or mediates the link between resourcefulness and stress among hospice and palliative nurses. Method: A cross-sectional, correlational design was used to address these two aims. Results: A convenience sample of 86 hospice and palliative nurses (95% female) in the US completed an online survey. The results demonstrated that positive thinking and resourcefulness are useful predictors of stress reduction and help mitigate the effects of stress. Positive thinking did not mediate the relationship between resourcefulness and stress. Conclusion: Moderation analysis suggests that social resourcefulness may be especially helpful in reducing stress among hospice and palliative nurses with a low level of positive thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gergis
- Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, College of Health, Cleveland State University, USA
| | - Abir Bekhet
- Professor, Marquette University, College of Nursing, USA
| | - Maria Kozlowski-Gibson
- Associate Professor, School of Nursing, College of Health, Cleveland State University, USA
| | - Cynthia Hovland
- Associate Professor, School of Social Work, College of Health, Cleveland State University, USA
| | - Constance Dahlin
- Palliative Care Specialist and Consultant, Center to Advance Palliative Care, USA
| | - Michael Ent
- Assistant Professor, Towson University, Department of Psychology, USA
| | - Joan Thoman
- Associate Professor, School of Nursing, College of Health, Cleveland State University, USA
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Jun WH, Na H. The Mediating Role of Positive Thinking on the Relationship Between Depression and Functional Recovery in Community-Dwelling People With Schizophrenia. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023; 61:44-52. [PMID: 36322868 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20221027-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Functional recovery as a consumer-centered approach is critical to recovery for community-dwelling people with schizophrenia. The current study investigated the mediating role of positive thinking in the relationship between depression and functional recovery in community-dwelling people with schizophrenia in South Korea. Depression, positive thinking, and functional recovery measures were completed by 158 people with schizophrenia in the community with self-reported questionnaires. Depression had a significantly negative influence on functional recovery. Positive thinking fully mediated the relationship between depression and functional recovery. An effective intervention strategy for functional recovery in this population may reinforce positive thinking and depression management. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(2), 44-52.].
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Bekhet AK. Theoretical Substruction of Resilience Theory: Dementia Caregivers' Burden and Their Care Recipients' Behavior. Nurs Sci Q 2023; 36:64-69. [PMID: 36571303 DOI: 10.1177/08943184221131967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical substruction is vital in clarifying models and guiding research. In this article, the process of theoretical substruction was examined through resilience theory to provide an example of the congruence between theoretical and operational definitions in nursing research. The author examines the significance of resilience theory in the context of dementia caregivers' burden and their care recipients' behavioral problems. The steps of theoretical substruction are included, and a model of resilience is presented that includes middle-range concepts, relational statements, and propositions derived from the research literature. The rigorous process of theoretical substruction provides an example of a theoretically sound basis for exploring the role of positive thinking in the lives of dementia caregivers and their care recipients. Geropsychiatric nurses working with dementia patients and their caregivers should consider the role of positive thinking in decreasing caregivers' burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Higuita-Gutiérrez LF, Estrada-Mesa DA, Cardona-Arias JA. The Relation of Ideology of Positive Thinking with the Perception of Cancer Risk and Ways of Treating It in Medellin, Colombia. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3329-3345. [DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s380641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Chien CH, Huang YW. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Positive Thinking Scale in individuals after hip fracture surgery. PSICOLOGIA, REFLEXAO E CRITICA : REVISTA SEMESTRAL DO DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS 2022; 35:31. [PMID: 36169787 PMCID: PMC9519822 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Positive thinking is a form of positive cognition and a coping strategy. The Positive Thinking Scale (PTS) is used to measure positive thinking, but the reliability and validity of the PTS-Chinese have yet to be tested. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the PTS-Chinese. A total of 154 patients post-hip fracture surgery completed the questionnaire in a hospital in Taiwan between April 2020 and December 2020. The scales in the questionnaire included the PTS, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Positive, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative, Barthel Index, and items related to happiness, demographics, and disease treatment. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis and average variance extracted show that the PTS-Chinese version exhibits construct validity. Scores on the PTS-Chinese version are positively related to scores on the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Positive and happiness items and negatively related to scores on the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative. This finding indicates that the PTS-Chinese demonstrates concurrent, predictive, and discriminant validity. The scale also presents acceptable reliability and test–retest reliability. Overall, the PTS-Chinese can be used to evaluate and track the positive thinking of patients. Further studies are needed to assess the psychometric properties of the PTS-Chinese in different cultures and ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Chien
- College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No.365, Ming-te Road, Peitou District, Taipei City, 112303, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No.365, Ming-te Road, Peitou District, Taipei City, 112303, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, No. 169, Xiaoshe Road, 260006, Yilan City, Yilan County, Taiwan
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Effect Analysis of Positive Molecular Therapy in Surgical Nursing Based on Data Transformation Analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3548854. [PMID: 35813437 PMCID: PMC9270110 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3548854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper briefly introduces the concept, classification, and mechanism of action of positive thinking therapy; reviews the application and research progress of positive thinking therapy in perioperative care of surgical patients at home and abroad; presents the shortcomings and defects in the development; and aims to provide intervention, reference, and basis for the development of positive thinking therapy in perioperative care of surgical patients. One hundred and eight patients are undergoing PCI surgery in our cardiology department; 50 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were selected as the control group, and 58 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were selected as the observation group. Traditional health education was employed in the control group, while empowerment education based on timing theory was used in the observation group. The two groups were observed and compared in terms of self-care competence, anxiety and depression, medication adherence score, and exercise adherence. Conclusion. Empowerment education based on timing theory can improve self-care ability of PCI patients, reduce patients' anxiety and depression, and improve patients' medication and exercise compliance.
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10
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Alshammari MH, Alboliteeh M. Predictors and Correlates of Saudi Nursing Students' Grit and Positive Thinking Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN NURSING 2022; 17:471-476. [PMID: 35783667 PMCID: PMC9236914 DOI: 10.1016/j.teln.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Academic success requires grit and positive thinking. However, research on Middle Eastern nursing students' grit and positive thinking is limited. This study investigated the demographic variables that correlate to and predict Saudi nursing students' grit and positive thinking. Method A descriptive cross-sectional design guided this study. We used the 12-item Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) and 8-item Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS) to collect data from 338 nursing students. The Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were utilized to analyze the data. Findings Nursing students' Grit-S mean score is more significant than their PTSS score. The year level is inversely associated with Grit-S, while gender and Grit-S had a weak direct correlation. Regarding PTSS, only the year level was inversely correlated. Finally, both the year level and gender were significant predictors of Grit-S and PTSS. Discussion Participants' responses to Grit-S and PTSS scores vary greatly depending on their demographics. The nursing students' grit and positive thinking did not develop as they progressed in the nursing program, which is viewed differently by each gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hamdan Alshammari
- Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alboliteeh
- Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, KSA, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Jun WH, Lee G. The significant mediators between depression and mental health recovery among community-dwelling people with a diagnosed mental disorder. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 37:18-24. [PMID: 35337434 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mediating roles of community integration and positive thinking on the relationship between depression and mental health recovery among community dwelling people with mental disorders in South Korea. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was utilized. Data were collected from 167 community-dwelling people with mental disorders who did not use the day program at community mental health centers. Data were collected from November 20, 2018, to February 15, 2019. Both community integration and positive thinking were found to mediate the effects of depression on mental health recovery. The mediating effect of positive thinking was significantly greater than that of community integration. This study added evidence for a significant multiple mediating effect of community integration and positive thinking on the relationship between depression and mental health recovery in community-dwelling people with mental disorders. Although the consumer-centered recovery paradigm of people with mental health difficulties is of global importance, little research has been conducted on mental health recovery among community-dwelling people with mental disorders who do not use the day program at community mental health centers. It was found that community integration and positive thinking mediated the effects of depression on mental health recovery, with positive thinking mediating this relationship the most. Thus, these results suggest a specific direction of community mental health services to promote mental health recovery for people with mental disorders who do not have access to community mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Jun
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gyungjoo Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea, College of Nursing, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
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12
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Association of physical activity and positive thinking with global sleep quality. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3624. [PMID: 35256683 PMCID: PMC8901642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the association of different intensity levels of physical activity and positive thinking with a global sleep quality among college students. The research question was: to what degree were the different intensity levels of physical activity and positive thinking significantly associated with the global sleep quality among college students? We recruited students, who enrolled in regular physical education classes during a fall semester at a major public university. 553 students signed the consent form and indicated their voluntary participation in this study. The final data set for analysis consisted of 403 college students with the mean age of 19.01 years ± 1.559 years (217 males vs. 186 females) based on the results of data screening. They completed three questionnaires: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Positive Thinking Scale (PTS) during a regular physical education class. The multiple regression model revealed that vigorous-intensity physical activity, positive thinking, and negative thinking were collectively and individually associated with the Global PSQI sleep quality (F = 19.389, p = .000), explaining 12.8% of the total variance in the Global PSQI sleep quality for the total sample. College students' engaging in vigorous intensity level of physical activity, and having a good level of positive thinking and a low level of negative thinking were both collectively and individually linked to the Global PSQI sleep quality.
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13
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Rossetti KG, Zlomke KR. Resourcefulness revisited: Further psychometric evaluation of resourcefulness scale. Stress Health 2021; 37:631-639. [PMID: 33426795 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Resourcefulness, a collection of problem-solving, coping, self-control and emotion regulation skills, has been shown to moderate health outcomes in various caregiver populations. Caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), report higher levels of stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms with poorer health-related quality of life. The current study replicated and extended psychometric research on the Resourcefulness Scale (RS) among caregivers of children with ASD (n = 287) and a comparison group of caregivers of non-affected children (n = 207). Results suggest acceptable internal consistency and construct validity when using the RS among caregivers of children with and without ASD. The RS demonstrated poor temporal stability over an average of 4 weeks (r = 0.087, p = 0.434). Caregivers of children with ASD report higher levels of general, social, and personal resourcefulness than non-affected caregivers. Findings validate the use of the RS within caregiving populations with implications for clinical use and future research in the development of interventions to enhance caregiver QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly R Zlomke
- Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA
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Laurent A, Fournier A, Lheureux F, Louis G, Nseir S, Jacq G, Goulenok C, Muller G, Badie J, Bouhemad B, Georges M, Mertes PM, Merdji H, Castelain V, Abdulmalak C, Lesieur O, Plantefeve G, Lacherade JC, Rigaud JP, Sedillot N, Roux D, Terzi N, Beuret P, Monsel A, Poujol AL, Kuteifan K, Vanderlinden T, Renault A, Vivet B, Vinsonneau C, Barbar SD, Capellier G, Dellamonica J, Ehrmann S, Rimmelé T, Bohé J, Bouju P, Gibot S, Lévy B, Temime J, Pichot C, Schnell D, Friedman D, Asfar P, Lebas E, Mateu P, Klouche K, Audibert J, Ecarnot F, Meunier-Beillard N, Loiseau M, François-Pursell I, Binquet C, Quenot JP. Mental health and stress among ICU healthcare professionals in France according to intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic. Ann Intensive Care 2021; 11:90. [PMID: 34089117 PMCID: PMC8177250 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-021-00880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health of professionals working in the intensive care unit (ICU) according to the intensity of the epidemic in France. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 77 French hospitals from April 22 to May 13 2020. All ICU frontline healthcare workers were eligible. The primary endpoint was the mental health, assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Sources of stress during the crisis were assessed using the Perceived Stressors in Intensive Care Units (PS-ICU) scale. Epidemic intensity was defined as high or low for each region based on publicly available data from Santé Publique France. Effects were assessed using linear mixed models, moderation and mediation analyses. RESULTS In total, 2643 health professionals participated; 64.36% in high-intensity zones. Professionals in areas with greater epidemic intensity were at higher risk of mental health issues (p < 0.001), and higher levels of overall perceived stress (p < 0.001), compared to low-intensity zones. Factors associated with higher overall perceived stress were female sex (B = 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.08-0.17), having a relative at risk of COVID-19 (B = 0.14; 95%-CI = 0.09-0.18) and working in high-intensity zones (B = 0.11; 95%-CI = 0.02-0.20). Perceived stress mediated the impact of the crisis context on mental health (B = 0.23, 95%-CI = 0.05, 0.41) and the impact of stress on mental health was moderated by positive thinking, b = - 0.32, 95% CI = - 0.54, - 0.11. CONCLUSION COVID-19 negatively impacted the mental health of ICU professionals. Professionals working in zones where the epidemic was of high intensity were significantly more affected, with higher levels of perceived stress. This study is supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-COVID 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Laurent
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Alicia Fournier
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Lheureux
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Guillaume Louis
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente et USC, Hôpital de Mercy, CHR Metz-Thionville, Thionville, France
| | - Saad Nseir
- Critical Care Center, CHU Lille and Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Gwenaelle Jacq
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, CH de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Cyril Goulenok
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy, France
| | - Grégoire Muller
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHR d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Julio Badie
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente-USC, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Trevenans, France
| | - Bélaïd Bouhemad
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | | | - Paul-Michel Mertes
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hamid Merdji
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Castelain
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Médecine Intensive - Réanimation, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Abdulmalak
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de Chalon sur Saône, Chalon sur Saône, France
| | - Olivier Lesieur
- Intensive Care Unit, Groupement Hospitalier La Rochelle-Ré-Aunis, La Rochelle, France
| | | | - Jean-Claude Lacherade
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de La Roche-sur-Yon, Chalon sur Saône, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rigaud
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de Dieppe, Dieppe, France.,Espace de Réflexion Éthique de Normandie, Université de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Nicholas Sedillot
- Réanimation Polyvalente, CH de Bourg-en-Bresse, Bourg-en-Bresse, France
| | - Damien Roux
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR 1137 Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Terzi
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Beuret
- Service de Réanimation-Soins Continus du CH de Roanne, Roanne, France
| | - Antoine Monsel
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, INSERM, UMR-S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France.,Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laure Poujol
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Équipe VCR, École de Psychologues Praticiens, Université Catholique de Paris, EA, 7403, Paris, France.,Laboratoire APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, EA 4360, Université́ de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | | | - Thierry Vanderlinden
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Groupe des Hôpitaux de L'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), France, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Renault
- Service de Réanimation Médicale et Urgences Médicales, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Bérengère Vivet
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Groupe Hospitalier Intercommunal de La Haute-Saône, Site de Vesoul, Luxeuil-les-Bains, France
| | - Christophe Vinsonneau
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation-Unité de Sevrage Ventilatoire et Réhabilitation, CH de Bethune, Bethune, France
| | - Saber Davide Barbar
- Service des Réanimations, Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier-Nîmes, CHU de Nîmes, France and Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Gilles Capellier
- Réanimation Médicale, University Hospital Besançon, Besançon, France.,EA3920, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Stephan Ehrmann
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Tours, France.,CIC INSERM 1415, CRICS-TriggerSep Network, Tours, France.,INSERM, Centre d'étude des pathologies respiratoires, Université de Tours, U1100, Tours, France
| | - Thomas Rimmelé
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Bohé
- Service D'anesthésie - Réanimation-Médecine Intensive, CH Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Bouju
- Service Réanimation Polyvalente, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - Bruno Lévy
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy Brabois, Nancy-France-Institut du Cœur et des Vaisseaux. Groupe Choc, équipe 2, Inserm U1116. Faculté de Médecine, Nancy-Brabois, France
| | | | - Cyrille Pichot
- Unité de Surveillance Continue, CH de Dôle, Dôle, France
| | - David Schnell
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente et USC, CH d'Angoulême, Angoulême, France
| | - Diane Friedman
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Département de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Eddy Lebas
- Service de Réanimation-USC de Bretagne Atlantique, Vannes, France
| | - Philippe Mateu
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation-Unité de Recherche Clinique Ardennes Nord, CH de Charleville-Mézieres, Charleville-Mézieres, France
| | - Kada Klouche
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Lapeyronie Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier-PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette Audibert
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, CH de Chartres, Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Le Coudray, France
| | - Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Besançon, and EA3920, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier-Beillard
- CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,DRCI, USMR, Francois Mitterrand University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Loiseau
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule D'Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Irène François-Pursell
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule D'Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- Inserm et CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, CIC1432, Module Epidémiologie Clinique, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, France-Equipe Lipness, centre de recherche INSERM UMR1231 et LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France. .,INSERM, Module Épidémiologie Clinique, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CIC 1432, Dijon, France. .,Espace de Réflexion Éthique Bourgogne Franche-Comté (EREBFC), Besançon, France. .,Critical Care Department, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21079, Dijon, France.
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Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Associated Factors in Prostate Cancer Patients Who Receive Androgen Deprivation Therapy. Cancer Nurs 2021; 44:E34-E42. [PMID: 31743152 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presently, few studies have examined the impact of positive thinking on the HRQoL of prostate cancer patients who receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). OBJECTIVES We explored the factors that affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly positive thinking, of prostate cancer patients who receive ADT. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 132 prostate cancer patients, drawn from outpatient clinics of 2 medical centers, who were receiving ADT were included. Structured questionnaires, including a basic information sheet, the Positive Thinking Scale, Social Support Scale, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P), were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed by using independent-sample t tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. RESULTS Prostate cancer patients who were receiving ADT were more likely to engage in positive thinking, which was correlated with better social/family well-being, emotional well-being, functional well-being, prostate cancer concern, and a higher score on the FACT-P. Improved self-reported health status was correlated better with all subdimensions of HRQoL and better scores on the FACT-P. Greater social support was correlated with high social/family well-being. CONCLUSIONS Positive thinking, self-reported health status, and social support are important associated factors of HRQoL in prostate cancer patients who receive ADT. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Oncology nurses can improve HRQoL by improving positive thinking, self-reported health status, and social support of prostate cancer patients who receive ADT.
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16
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Sustainability of Youth Careers in Romania—Study on the Correlation of Students’ Personal Interests with the Selected University Field of Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su13010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable use of resources is an act of social responsibility, in which all the factors that benefit or exploit that resource are involved. Education, with its most important goal—finding a place in the labor market in the form of a career—is a process that involves multiple financial, human and institutional resources. The present study analyzes to what extent the careers that young people in Romania build correlate with their personal interests. Using the Holland Test, the interests of a group of engineering students were identified. It was observed that there are three typologies of people: those who have chosen their field of study according to their interests, those who are interested in interdisciplinary fields of which engineering is a part and the third category, who have no interest in the field of engineering. The percentages of the three categories are approximately equal, which should determine the change of educational policies in Romania, in the sense of promoting and practicing career guidance for the early discovery of young people’s interests and the sustainable convergence of all resources towards them.
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17
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Exploring the Positive Thinking of Patients With Prostate Cancer: Self-efficacy as a Mediator. Cancer Nurs 2020; 45:E329-E337. [PMID: 32649333 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has explored the effectiveness of positive thinking on individuals, but only a few studies have investigated the factors that influence individual positive thinking, particularly among patients with prostate cancer. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to understand the factors that affect positive thinking among patients with prostate cancer and the mediating role of self-efficacy. METHODS A cross-sectional design and a convenience sampling method were used to recruit patients with prostate cancer from 2 hospitals in Taiwan. Structured scales were used for data collection, including the General Self-efficacy Scale, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite, Positive Thinking Scale, and Social Support Scale. RESULTS The total average score for positive thinking among 201 patients was 66.1 (SD, 9.4). The factors that influenced the positive thinking of patients with prostate cancer included self-efficacy, treatment satisfaction, perceived health status, marital status, and appraisal support. The effects of treatment satisfaction and appraisal support on positive thinking were partly achieved through self-efficacy (partial mediation). CONCLUSIONS Self-efficacy is a mediator that affects the relationship of treatment satisfaction, appraisal support, and positive thinking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE In the course of the disease, healthcare providers can help patients with prostate cancer to promote and maintain appropriate positive thinking by improving treatment satisfaction; increasing appraisal support from family, relatives, and friends; strengthening self-efficacy; and modifying unrealistic expectations.
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18
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Chang SH, Shu Y, Wang CL, Chen MY, Ho WS. Cyber-entrepreneurship as an innovative orientation: Does positive thinking moderate the relationship between cyber-entrepreneurial self-efficacy and cyber-entrepreneurial intentions in Non-IT students? COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Bekhet AK, Nakhla V, Emile Gohar I, Oudeh R, Gergis M, Malik N. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometrics Properties of the Arabic Version of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2020; 41:49-53. [PMID: 31398068 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1631415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Identifying depressive cognitions in first-generation Middle Eastern immigrants (FGMEI) can be an important step to prevent the development of clinical depression.Purpose: This study focused on the cross-cultural equivalence and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Positive Thinking Skills Scale (A-PTSS) among 100 FGMEI.Methods: Content/face validity of the measure was conducted. Internal consistency, homogeneity, dimensionality and construct validity were assessed.Results: Cronbach's alpha for (A-PTSS) was .89. Factor extraction generated only one factor, which is consistent with the English version. The A-PTSS total score had a strong positive correlation with the positive cognition scores (r = .42, p < .001), the total resourcefulness scores (r = .39, p < .001), and with the total generalized anxiety scores (r = -.42, p < .001), thereby suggesting construct validity.Conclusion: This scale has the potential to become a useful screening tool for depressive cognitions among FGMEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- College of Nursing, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Veronica Nakhla
- College of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Rawan Oudeh
- Klinger College of Arts & Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Nadia Malik
- College of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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CE: Original Research: Work-Related Stress and Positive Thinking Among Acute Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Am J Nurs 2019; 119:24-31. [DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000557886.73585.d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Matel-Anderson DM, Bekhet AK. Psychometric properties of the positive thinking skills scale among college students. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2019; 33:65-69. [PMID: 30663627 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Suicide continues to be in the top leading causes of death among college students. Positive thinking has been linked to increasing health outcomes and decreasing the effects of stress. The psychometric properties of the 8-item Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS) has not been tested in American college students. The study used resilience as the theoretical framework. In 131 students, internal consistency and construct validity was supported. The Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 and significant correlation with measures of suicide resilience, perceived social support, and self-esteem demonstrated good reliability and validity. The findings of the study provide directions for future suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abir K Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, United States of America
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22
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Bekhet AK, Garnier-Villarreal M. Depression, positive thinking, personal and social resourcefulness among caregivers of persons with autism spectrum disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:823-827. [PMID: 30454623 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, United States.
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23
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Matel-Anderson DM, Bekhet AK, Garnier-Villarreal M. Mediating Effects of Positive Thinking and Social Support on Suicide Resilience. West J Nurs Res 2018; 41:25-41. [DOI: 10.1177/0193945918757988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Suicide has been the second leading cause of death for 18- to 24-year-olds in the United States since 2011. The stress experienced by undergraduate college students has the potential to increase one’s risk for suicide. Resilience theory was used as a theoretical framework to examine the interplay between risk and protective factors. A cross-sectional and correlational design was used to assess the mediating effects of positive thinking and/or social support on suicide resilience in 131 college students 18 to 24 years old who completed an online survey. The study found an indirect effect of self-esteem on suicide resilience through positive thinking and social support indicating that as self-esteem increases, positive thinking and social support also increase, which leads to an increase in resilience. The study also found a direct effect of self-esteem, positive thinking, and social support on suicide resilience. The findings inform the development of tailored interventions to build suicide resilience in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abir K. Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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24
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Bekhet AK, Avery JS. Resilience from the Perspectives of Caregivers of Persons with Dementia. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:19-23. [PMID: 29413066 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, Clark Hall 530 N. 16th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, United States.
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25
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The Positive Thinking Skills Scale: A screening measure for early identification of depressive thoughts. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 38:5-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Mathis EL, Bullock-Yowell E, Leuty ME, Nicholson BC. Student congruence with academic major: Do hours worked and attitude affect satisfaction and success? AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1038416217727737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study sought to determine if student employment was a significant moderator of the relationship between congruence with college major, academic major satisfaction, and academic major success. Correlation results suggested that student employment has a negative relationship with academic success as measured by grade point average. No study hypotheses were supported but regression analyses showed significant impact of cognitive influences on academic major satisfaction and academic major success. Clinicians are encouraged to aid students in planning the relationship between required work and educational responsibilities, as well as consider implications of negative career thinking on academic satisfaction and success.
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Bekhet AK. Positive Thinking Training Intervention for Caregivers of Persons with Autism: Establishing Fidelity. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:306-310. [PMID: 28499573 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
More than 3.5 million in the US are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and caregivers experience stress that adversely affects their well-being. Positive thinking training (PTT) intervention can minimize that stress. However, before testing the effectiveness of PTT, its fidelity must be established. This pilot intervention trial examined fidelity of an online PTT intervention for ASD caregivers with a random assignment of 73 caregivers to either the online PTT intervention or to the control group. Quantitative data [Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS)] and qualitative data (online weekly homework) were collected. The mean scores for the PTSS improved for the intervention group and decreased for the control group post intervention. Evidence for use of PTT was found in caregivers' online weekly homework. The findings provide evidence of the implementation fidelity of PTT intervention and support moving forward to test PTT effectiveness in promoting caregivers' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, Clark Hall 530 N. 16th Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233, United States.
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Bekhet AK. Online Positive Thinking Training Intervention for Caregivers of Individuals with ASD: Necessity, Acceptability and Feasibility. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2017; 38:443-448. [PMID: 28448225 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1279247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 3.5 million people in the United States are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Caring for children with ASD can be stressful and can be detrimental to the well-being of the caregivers (CGs). However, the adverse effects of caregiving on the well-being of CGs may be avoided with appropriate interventions. CGs of persons with ASD might benefit from a positive thinking training (PTT) intervention to help them cope with the stress of caregiving. However, the necessity, acceptability and feasibility for PTT in ASD CGs have not been studied. OBJECTIVE To examine the necessity, acceptability and feasibility of a six-week online PTT intervention designed to improve the well-being of the CGs. DESIGN Random assignment of ASD CGs to one of two conditions: (1) PTT online intervention or (2) Control group. RESULTS The mean score on the depressive cognition scale (DCS) was 20, indicating a high need of PTT to all enrolled CGs. High depressive cognitions in ASD CGs were associated with lower positive thinking (r = -.39; p <.001). Regarding acceptability, CGs indicated that the different strategies and references to real life were the most interesting parts of the intervention. Regarding feasibility, CGs mentioned that listening to the voice-over PowerPoint and visualization was the easiest part of the PTT. CONCLUSIONS Examination of the fidelity and effectiveness of the PTT are the next steps in the refinement of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- a Mental Health Nursing, Marquette University College of Nursing , Milwaukee , Wisconsin , USA
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Hall-McMaster SM, Treharne GJ, Smith CM. ‘The positive feel’: Unpacking the role of positive thinking in people with multiple sclerosis’s thinking aloud about staying physically active. J Health Psychol 2016; 21:3026-3036. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105315592047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
People with multiple sclerosis experience barriers to physical activity. Thought processes are interwoven with garnering motivation to overcome these barriers. This study investigated in-depth the role of positive thinking in physical activity motivation of two women and two men with multiple sclerosis. Participants thought aloud while completing standardised measures of physical activity, stages of change and self-efficacy, and in response to planned and spontaneous questions. Four themes were formulated using inductive thematic analysis: thoughts about purpose, self-efficacy, the past and reinforcement through positive thinking. These findings have implications for physical activity theories and delivering appropriate physical activity interventions to the multiple sclerosis community.
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30
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Bekhet AK. The Mediating Effects of Positive Cognitions on Autism Caregivers' Depression and Their Children's Challenging Behaviors. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2016; 30:13-8. [PMID: 26804496 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Caregivers of persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are prone to depression and psychological problems, which have an impact on their children's challenging behaviors. Positive cognitions include specific positive thinking patterns that enhance one's ability to effectively manage daily activities and promote mental health. The purpose of this research is to test the mediating effects of positive cognitions on the relationship between caregivers' depression and their children's challenging behaviors among 117 caregivers of persons with ASD. Positive cognitions were found to have mediating effects on the relationship between caregiver's depression and their children's challenging behaviors in this sample of caregivers of persons with ASD. Nurses are in a strategic position to include in their interventions those strategies that strengthen positive cognitions in order to improve the caregivers' positive cognitions and well-being, which, in turn will have an impact on their children's challenging behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Mental Health Nursing, Marquette University College of Nursing, Milwaukee, WI.
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31
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Bekhet AK. Resourcefulness in African American and Caucasian American Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: Associations With Perceived Burden, Depression, Anxiety, Positive Cognitions, and Psychological Well-Being. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2015; 51:285-94. [PMID: 25495263 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Providing care to persons with dementia can have negative effects on caregivers' physical and psychological well-being. This secondary analysis explored relationships among perceived burden, depression, anxiety, resourcefulness, and psychological well-being in 28 African American (AA) and 45 Caucasian American (CA) caregivers of persons with dementia. DESIGN AND METHODS Descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to examine the hypothesized relationships in a sample of 73 caregivers. FINDINGS CAs reported greater burden (t=-3.68, p<.001), more anxiety (t=-2.66, p<.01), depression (t=-2.21, p<.05), and hostility (t=-2.30, p<.05) than AAs. AAs reported higher scores than CAs on resourcefulness, positive cognitions, and psychological well-being. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The study findings provided directions for the development of resourcefulness interventions to enhance the psychological well-being among dementia caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Mental Health Nursing, Marquette University College of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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32
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Bekhet AK. Self-assessed health in caregivers of persons with autism spectrum disorder: associations with depressive symptoms, positive cognitions, resourcefulness, and well-being. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2014; 50:210-7. [PMID: 24206628 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Caregiving for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can affect family caregivers' self-assessed health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms, positive cognitions, resourcefulness, and well-being will differ significantly among those who rated their health as fair, good, or excellent. DESIGN AND METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of 109 ASD caregivers who were recruited from the Interactive ASD Network. FINDINGS Depression was significantly lower among those who rated their health as excellent than among those who rated their health as fair. Positive cognitions, resourcefulness, and well-being were significantly higher among those who rated their health as excellent than among those who rated their health as fair. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Interventions to enhance caregivers' positive cognitions, resourcefulness, and well-being are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- Marquette University College of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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33
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Bekhet AK, Zauszniewski JA. Psychometric properties of the resourcefulness scale among caregivers of persons with autism spectrum disorder. West J Nurs Res 2013; 36:685-702. [PMID: 24151172 DOI: 10.1177/0193945913509141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caregiving for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be very costly to caregivers' well-being. Resourcefulness interventions have shown increases in positive health outcomes. However, before delivering the intervention, there should be a reliable and a valid measure to test resourcefulness. The psychometric properties of the Resourcefulness Scale (RS) have not been examined among ASD caregivers. This study examined the psychometrics of the 28-item RS in a convenience sample of 204 ASD caregivers. A Cronbach's alpha of .91 showed the internal consistency of the RS. Construct validity was supported by the emergence of two dimensions of resourcefulness (personal and social) in a confirmatory factor analysis and by substantial intercorrelations between the two subscales (r = .48, p < .001). Findings suggested the reliability and validity of RS among ASD caregivers, which is a necessary step toward implementing resourcefulness interventions to help ASD caregivers to deal with their stress and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir K Bekhet
- 1Marquette University College of Nursing, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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