1
|
Porter BF, Summers BA, Leland MM, Hubbard GB. Glioblastoma Multiforme in Three Baboons (Papio spp.). Vet Pathol 2016; 41:424-8. [PMID: 15232146 DOI: 10.1354/vp.41-4-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant astrocytic neoplasm and the most common brain neoplasm of humans. Spontaneous neoplasms of the brain are rare in nonhuman primates. This report describes three glioblastomas in adult captive-reared baboons. The animals exhibited a range of clinical signs, including depression, weight loss, weakness, and blindness. All three neoplasms were located in the cerebrum, with extension into the pons in one case. Histologically, the tumors were similar and were characterized by cellular pleomorphism, multinucleated cells, areas of necrosis, microvascular proliferation (glomeruloid bodies), and palisading of neoplastic cells around blood vessels and areas of necrosis. Two baboons exhibited gemistocytic differentiation, and in one baboon, the neoplastic cells were predominantly spindle shaped with a fascicular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, and S-100 protein was positive, whereas immunostaining for synaptophysin and chromogranin A was negative. Positive staining for the cell proliferation marker Ki67 ranged from 8.2% to 13.9%. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dVTPnick end labeling (TUNEL) staining ranged from 1.8% to 5.7%. These baboon glioblastomas share many features with those of humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B F Porter
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elmore SA, Farman CA, Hailey JR, Kovi RC, Malarkey DE, Morrison JP, Neel J, Pesavento PA, Porter BF, Szabo KA, Teixeira LBC, Quist EM. Proceedings of the 2015 National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:502-35. [PMID: 27075180 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316631844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 2015 Annual National Toxicology Program Satellite Symposium, entitled "Pathology Potpourri" was held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, at the American College of Veterinary Pathologists/American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology/Society of Toxicologic Pathology combined meeting. The goal of this symposium is to present and discuss diagnostic pathology challenges or nomenclature issues. Because of the combined meeting, both laboratory and domestic animal cases were presented. This article presents summaries of the speakers' talks, including challenging diagnostic cases or nomenclature issues that were presented, along with select images that were used for audience voting and discussion. Some lesions and topics covered during the symposium included hepatocellular lesions, a proposed harmonized diagnostic approach to rat cardiomyopathy, crop milk in a bird, avian feeding accoutrement, heat exchanger in a tuna, metastasis of a tobacco carcinogen-induced pulmonary carcinoma, neurocytoma in a rat, pituicytoma in a rat, rodent mammary gland whole mounts, dog and rat alveolar macrophage ultrastructure, dog and rat pulmonary phospholipidosis, alveolar macrophage aggregation in a dog, degenerating yeast in a cat liver aspirate, myeloid leukemia in lymph node aspirates from a dog, Trypanosoma cruzi in a dog, solanum toxicity in a cow, bovine astrovirus, malignant microglial tumor, and nomenclature challenges from the Special Senses International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria Organ Working Group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Elmore
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Ramesh C Kovi
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David E Malarkey
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Neel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A Pesavento
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Erin M Quist
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Petrosky KY, Knight HL, Westmoreland SV, Miller AD. Atypical nodular astrocytosis in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Med Primatol 2014; 43:468-76. [PMID: 25082291 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a model for HIV pathogenesis, is associated with neuropathology. METHODS Five SIV-infected animals were selected following a database search of 1206 SIV-infected animals for nodular or astrocytic lesions. Two of five had neurologic dysfunction, and 3 of 5 were incidental findings. RESULTS Histologic examination revealed multifocal nodular foci in the gray and white matter formed by interlacing astrocytes with abundant cytoplasm and large, reactive nuclei. Nodules were often enmeshed with small capillaries. Immunohistochemistry revealed variable immunoreactivity for a panel of markers: GFAP (4/5), vimentin (5/5), Glut-1 (1/5), CNPase (0/5), S100 (5/5), Iba1 (0/5), Ki67 (0/5), and p53 (4/4). In situ hybridization failed to detect any SIV RNA (0/5). Immunohistochemistry for simian virus 40, rhesus cytomegalovirus, and rhesus lymphocryptovirus failed to detect any antigen within the lesions. CONCLUSION The immunoreactivity of p53 in the lesions compared with adjacent tissue suggests a local derangement in astrocyte proliferation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Y Petrosky
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dezfoulian O, Abbasi M, Azarabad H, Nouri M, Kiani K. Cerebral neuroblastoma and pituitary adenocarcinoma in two budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Avian Dis 2012; 55:704-8. [PMID: 22312997 DOI: 10.1637/9691-021911-case.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Case 1: A tumor mass involving the rostral part of left cerebrum was found in a two-year-old female budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) at necropsy. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were arranged in sheets or cords and occasionally showed nest growth patterns. These uniform tumor cells had a little cytoplasm and ovoid or round basophilic nuclei with clearly distinct cytoplasmic membranes. The tumor cells were strong diffusely immunostained with both neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament protein and partially for synaptophysin. They lacked chromogranin A, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, S-100, and cytokeratin antigen expression. Moreover, they had no reaction to antibodies against pituitary hormones, such as adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone, and prolactin. The histological and immunohistochemical examination determined the tumor as neuroblastoma. Case 2: An extremely enlarged pituitary mass was found above the sella turcica of a male budgerigar. It was soft and well delineated from the adjacent structures. On histological examination, this tumor consisted of a sheet of large closely packed polyhedral cells that had scant to a large amount of pale to strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm. The pleomorphic nuclei were apparently variable in shape, from small round hyperchromatic to very large vesicular forms. The cell boundaries were not clearly distinct. The multifocal immunolabelling of neoplastic cells for NSE, synaptophysin, GFAP, and ACTH appeared, whereas a few cells reacted with vimentin and S-100 and stained negative for other markers, which were also utilized for case 1. Histological and immunohistochemical findings led to identification of corticotroph adenocarcinoma in the pituitary gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Dezfoulian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oliveira FN, Porter BF, Dick EJ, Hubbard GB. Intracranial meningioma in a baboon (Papio spp.). J Comp Pathol 2011; 145:414-8. [PMID: 21570692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common intracranial non-glial tumour of cats, dogs and man. Few spontaneously arising brain tumours have been reported in non-human primates. This report describes a meningioma in a captive baboon. Clinical signs exhibited by the animal included head pressing, visual impairment and vestibular disease. The tumour arose from the ventral aspect of the cranial cavity and compressed the overlying left side of the cerebellum and brainstem. Microscopically, the mass was characterized by pleomorphic spindle-shaped to polygonal cells arranged in sheaths, vague whorls and occasional papillary structures on vascular cores. Nuclear cytoplasmic invagination, syncytial-like cells and areas of mineralization were also evident. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed vimentin and S-100 protein, but not pancytokeratin, glial fibrillary acidic protein or epithelial membrane antigen. The features of this tumour are similar to those of meningiomas in other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F N Oliveira
- Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weber K, Garman RH, Germann PG, Hardisty JF, Krinke G, Millar P, Pardo ID. Classification of Neural Tumors in Laboratory Rodents, Emphasizing the Rat. Toxicol Pathol 2010; 39:129-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623310392249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neoplasms of the nervous system, whether spontaneous or induced, are infrequent in laboratory rodents and very rare in other laboratory animal species. The morphology of neural tumors depends on the intrinsic functions and properties of the cell type, the interactions between the neoplasm and surrounding normal tissue, and regressive changes. The incidence of neural neoplasms varies with sex, location, and age of tumor onset. Although the onset of spontaneous tumor development cannot be established in routine oncogenicity studies, calculations using the time of diagnosis (day of death) have revealed significant differences in tumor biology among different rat strains. In the central nervous system, granular cell tumors (a meningioma variant), followed by glial tumors, are the most common neoplasms in rats, whereas glial cell tumors are observed most frequently in mice. Central nervous system tumors usually affect the brain rather than the spinal cord. Other than adrenal gland pheochromocytomas, the most common neoplasms of the peripheral nervous system are schwannomas. Neural tumors may develop in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system from other cell lineages (including extraneural elements like adipose tissue and lymphocytes), but such lesions are very rare in laboratory animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Weber
- Department of Pathology, Harlan Laboratories Ltd., Itingen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jerry F. Hardisty
- EPL Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Remick AK, Wood CE, Cann JA, Gee MK, Feiste EA, Kock ND, Cline JM. Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous pituitary adenomas in fourteen cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol 2006; 43:484-93. [PMID: 16846990 DOI: 10.1354/vp.43-4-484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas were identified in 14 of 491 (2.9%) cynomolgus macaques evaluated from 1994 to 2004. Cases included male (8) and female (6) cynomolgus macaques ranging from 18 to 32 years of age. Seven of the pituitary adenomas caused gross enlargement of the pituitary gland that was visible on postmortem examination, whereas the remaining 7 were multifocal microadenomas identified on histologic examination. A total of 35 adenomas were identified in the 14 macaques, 6 of which were being treated for diabetes mellitus. Mean (+/- SD) pituitary weight was 0.31 +/- 0.42 g, compared with 0.07 +/- 0.02 g for 430 historical control animals (P < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical staining for follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, human growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone was applied to pituitary tissue from all cases. Immunostaining revealed 22 of 35 (62.9%) lactotroph adenomas, 5 of 35 (14.3%) plurihormonal cell adenomas, 3 of 35 (8.6%) corticotroph adenomas, 2 of 35 (5.7%) null cell adenomas, 1 of 35 (2.9%) somatotroph adenomas, 1 of 35 (2.9%) mixed corticotroph-somatotroph adenomas, 1 of 35 (2.9%) mixed lactotroph-corticotroph adenomas, 0 of 35 gonadotroph adenomas, and 0 of 35 thyrotroph adenomas. This study represents the first extensive retrospective case series performed to evaluate the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of pituitary adenomas in cynomolgus macaques. Our findings indicated that macaque pituitary adenomas frequently had mixed histologic appearance and hormone expression, and that, similar to human pituitary adenomas, prolactin-secreting neoplasms were the most prevalent type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Remick
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27157-1040 (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Satoh H, Iwata H, Furuhama K, Enomoto M. Pituicytoma: primary astrocytic tumor of the pars nervosa in aging Fischer 344 rats. Toxicol Pathol 2000; 28:836-8. [PMID: 11127300 DOI: 10.1177/019262330002800612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe 2 cases of a relatively rare tumor diagnosed as pituicytoma in the pars nervosa of rat pituitary. This tumor was spontaneously noted in one 110-week-old female and one 109-week-old male Fischer 344 (F344)/DuCrj rats during 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Although no gross abnormality of the pituitary was detected in the female rat, whitish discoloration and enlargement of the pituitary were observed in the male. Histopathologically, neoplastic cells in both animals possessed pale eosinophilic, often abundant irregular cytoplasm with nuclei of variable size. The tumor cells were arranged in the spindle or sheet cell pattern with indistinct cell boundaries and showed compression or invading proliferation of surrounding tissues. Prominent pleomorphism of the cells was noted in the tumor in the female rat, and mitotic figures were detected in several portions of the tumor in the male rat. Small-sized cells having scanty cytoplasm with deeply staining nuclei seen in the mass were suspected to be microglia. Moreover, isolated single native pars distalis cells were distributed throughout the tumor masses. Immunohistochemically, cytoplasmic foot process of the tumor cells showed a positive immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein. On the basis of morphologic characteristics and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining, this tumor is consistent with astrocytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Satoh
- Drug Safety Research Laboratory, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Tekeli
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-3500, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hurley JP, Ilyinskii PO, Horvath CJ, Simon MA. A malignant astrocytoma containing simian virus 40 DNA in a macaque infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. J Med Primatol 1997; 26:172-80. [PMID: 9379484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1997.tb00049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyomaviruses have proven oncogenicity in nonhost experimental animals; however, studies concerning the association between human brain tumors and simian and human polyomaviruses have yielded inconclusive results. We examined the relationship of SV40 to a malignant astrocytoma found in the right frontal lobe of a pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Consistent with the histologic diagnosis, the tumor was immunoreactive with antibodies to S-100 protein, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, but negative for neurofilament protein, synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, and chromogranin A. At the time of SIV inoculation, the animal was seropositive for SV40. Polymerase chain reaction assay of tumor DNA, but not normal brain DNA, yielded a 300 base-pair fragment corresponding to the carboxy-terminal coding region (C-terminus) of the large T antigen gene of SV40, suggesting an association with the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Hurley
- Division of Comparative Pathology, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Schaetti P, Argentino-Storino A, Heinrichs M, Mirea D, Popp A, Karbe E. Aberrant craniopharyngeal structures within the neurohypophysis of rats. EXPERIMENTAL AND TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE GESELLSCHAFT FUR TOXIKOLOGISCHE PATHOLOGIE 1995; 47:129-37. [PMID: 7580099 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-2993(11)80299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant craniopharyngeal structures within the neurohypophysis were analyzed in 17 rats, originating from four different colonies of Sprague-Dawley- and Wistar-derived strains, which were used for toxicity studies in five different laboratories. Males were more frequently affected than females. The incidence of these findings, which occurred spontaneously and mainly in aged rats, was very low. Predominant features included tubular or acinar glandular structures, rarely embedded in a fibrous stroma, and, as a rule, not compressing adjacent tissue. In some cases, large cysts filled with colloid-like, amorphous material and cellular debris were present. The tubular structures consisted of a rather flat epithelium, while the cystic elements were lined by a cuboidal or columnar, rarely ciliated epithelium, containing goblet cells, or by a stratified squamous epithelium. These structures reacted positively for cytokeratin. Acinar structures mimicked salivary glands of the serous or mucinous type. In a few cases, small, round or fusiform cells were present. Distribution and predominance of the various epithelial structures depended on the strain and colony of rats. Considering the ontogenic development of the pituitary gland, the morphological aspect of these lesions, their immunoreactivity and former reports on similar findings, we concluded that these rats have aberrant craniopharyngeal structures within the pars nervosa of the hypophysis, originating from remnants of the oro-pharyngeal epithelium of the craniopharyngeal duct (RATHKE's pouch). These lesions, which occurred in different strains and colonies of laboratory rats, represent heterotopias or choristomas, consisting of non-neoplastic growth disturbances. Being of a distinctly non-proliferative nature, they should not be confused with craniopharyngiomas.
Collapse
|