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Rissi DR, Miller AD. Rosettes and pseudorosettes in veterinary neuropathology. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241269877. [PMID: 39140425 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241269877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Rosettes and pseudorosettes are morphologic cell arrangements found in many neuroepithelial neoplasms in human medicine, including embryonal nervous system tumors (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, pineoblastoma, and retinoblastoma), non-embryonal nervous system tumors (ependymoma, astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and choroid plexus tumors), and other extraneural neuroepithelial neoplasms. Although these structures are also described in neuroepithelial neoplasms of domestic animals, their frequency is still poorly characterized or inconsistently documented in veterinary medicine. Furthermore, rosettes and pseudorosettes need to be interpreted with caution and within a clinical and pathologic context and should not be solely relied upon for diagnostic confirmation of a particular neoplasm. Here, we review the morphologic features and frequency of the most common types of rosettes and pseudorosettes described in neuroepithelial neoplasms of domestic animals, focusing primarily on those occurring in the nervous system and closely associated tissues.
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2
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Palmisano M, Bender S, Johnson AL. Intracranial medulloblastoma as the cause of progressive ataxia in a 6-month-old draft horse cross gelding. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 37:361-365. [PMID: 36433686 PMCID: PMC9889683 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We describe the unique clinical presentation of a central nervous system neoplasm in a 6-month-old draft horse cross gelding. Based on the neurologic examination at admission, neurolocalization was most consistent with a mildly asymmetric cervical, multifocal, or diffuse myelopathy. Mild vestibular involvement also was considered, but no cranial nerve deficits were observed. The gelding was negative for Sarcocystis neurona or Neospora hughesi based on paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples analyzed, with no evidence of cervical compression based on contrast myelography. The horse was euthanized because of progression of clinical signs. At necropsy, a mass was identified associated with the cerebellum, and histopathology was consistent with medulloblastoma, which has not been reported previously in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Palmisano
- Department of Clinical Studies ‐ New Bolton CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaKennett SquarePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Susan Bender
- Department of PathobiologyUniversity of Pennsylvania, Kennett SquarePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Amy L. Johnson
- Department of Clinical Studies ‐ New Bolton CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaKennett SquarePennsylvaniaUSA
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3
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Lampe R, Vieson MD, Hague D, Connell D, Foss K, Selting KA. Medulloblastoma in a 6 Year Old Mixed Breed Dog: Surgical Debulking and Chemotherapy. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:401. [PMID: 31799282 PMCID: PMC6874134 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A medulloblastoma was surgically debulked from a 6 year old American Staffordshire Terrier, who then received a modified lomustine (CCNU), vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisolone (LOPP) protocol. The dog improved significantly and continued to do well until deterioration and euthanasia 5 months following surgery. This is the first known published case report of surgical cytoreductive surgery of a medulloblastoma in a dog with documented response to surgery and chemotherapy. Medulloblastoma is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor that is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor in children, though it is less common in adults. This case illustrates the value of considering human literature when creating treatment plans for uncommon brain tumors in veterinary patients. Medulloblastoma should be a differential for cerebellar tumors in young to middle aged dogs, and surgery and chemotherapy should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lampe
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Miranda D Vieson
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Devon Hague
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dana Connell
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kari Foss
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kim A Selting
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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4
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Hsieh YH, Hsu YH, Lien CY, Liu CH, Li WT. Retroperitoneal extraosseous peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in a Formosan serow: case report and literature review. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:883-888. [PMID: 31585511 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719879198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-y-old female captive Formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoei) was inactive and was azotemic. An autopsy was performed following her death, and multiple irregularly shaped, white-to-gray masses of 0.5-2 cm diameter were noted on both ureters, the left adrenal gland, urinary bladder, and uterus. Microscopically, organs were effaced by a poorly demarcated, highly infiltrative neoplasm, composed of neoplastic round cells arranged in islands, sheets, or nests with occasional rosette formation. The neoplastic cells were small: ≤2 red blood cell (≤ 15 μm) diameter. The neoplastic cells were positive for CD56, CK, FLI-1, and NSE, but negative for desmin, GFAP, melan A, NF, PAX-8, S100, synaptophysin, and vimentin. Therefore, the diagnosis of retroperitoneal extraosseous peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) was made. pPNET with FLI-1 expression has not been reported previously in animals, to our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Hsieh, Liu, Li).,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (Hsu).,Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan (Lien).,Fishhead Labs, Stuart, FL (Li)
| | - Yung-Hsiang Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Hsieh, Liu, Li).,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (Hsu).,Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan (Lien).,Fishhead Labs, Stuart, FL (Li)
| | - Chen-Yeh Lien
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Hsieh, Liu, Li).,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (Hsu).,Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan (Lien).,Fishhead Labs, Stuart, FL (Li)
| | - Chen-Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Hsieh, Liu, Li).,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (Hsu).,Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan (Lien).,Fishhead Labs, Stuart, FL (Li)
| | - Wen-Ta Li
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Hsieh, Liu, Li).,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (Hsu).,Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan (Lien).,Fishhead Labs, Stuart, FL (Li)
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5
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McHale B, Armién AG, Clarke LL, Rissi DR. Embryonal central nervous system tumor in the brain of a goose. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 31:385-389. [PMID: 30204056 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718799390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonal central nervous system (CNS) tumor is a rare malignant neoplasm that arises from the neural crest. Herein we describe an embryonal tumor in the brain of an adult male domestic goose ( Anser anser) that was euthanized after a short history of wandering and lethargy. Grossly, a focal, bright-red, soft plaque was present on the ventral aspect of the brain, extending from the optic chiasm to the midbrain, as well as into the dorsal neuroparenchyma. Histologically, the nodule consisted of a poorly demarcated population of neoplastic cells arranged in streams and bundles, and occasionally palisading around small capillaries (pseudorosettes). Neoplastic cells were elongate and had scant, finely granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and elongate nuclei with dense chromatin. Mitoses were uncommon. Scattered foci of intratumoral necrosis and microvascular proliferation were present. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for doublecortin and neuronal nuclei. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells had elongated-to-polyhedral cytoplasm with short processes, scarce intermediate filaments, and small round mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The cell membrane had varied numbers of intercellular anchoring-like junctions, and nuclei were round-to-elongate and had marginal aggregates of heterochromatin. Morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings in our case are consistent with a poorly differentiated embryonal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany McHale
- Department of Pathology (McHale, Clarke, Rissi) and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN (Armién)
| | - Anibal G Armién
- Department of Pathology (McHale, Clarke, Rissi) and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN (Armién)
| | - Lorelei L Clarke
- Department of Pathology (McHale, Clarke, Rissi) and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN (Armién)
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Department of Pathology (McHale, Clarke, Rissi) and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, MN (Armién)
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7
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Abstract
A 3-yr-old female spayed grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) was evaluated for seizure activity along with lethargy, inappetence, dull mentation, and aggressive behavior. Magnetic resonance (MR) examination of the brain revealed a contrast-enhanced right cerebellar mass with multifocal smaller nodules located in the left cerebellum, thalamus, hippocampus, and cerebrum with resultant obstructive hydrocephalus. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed mild mononuclear pleocytosis, with differentials including inflammatory versus neoplastic processes. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid were also submitted for polymerase chain reaction and agar gel immunodiffusion to rule out infectious causes of meningitis/encephalitis. While awaiting these results, the bear was placed on steroid and antibiotic therapy. Over the next week, the bear deteriorated; she died 1 wk after MR. A complete postmortem examination, including immunohistochemisty, revealed the cerebellar mass to be a medulloblastoma. This is the only case report, to the authors' knowledge, describing a medulloblastoma in a grizzly bear.
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8
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Johnson GC, Coates JR, Wininger F. Diagnostic immunohistochemistry of canine and feline intracalvarial tumors in the age of brain biopsies. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:146-60. [PMID: 24280940 DOI: 10.1177/0300985813509387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The focus of immunohistochemistry as applied to nervous system tumors is in identifying the neoplasm present and evaluating margins between normal and neoplastic tissue. Although not always utilized by specialists in neuropathology, immunohistochemistry remains useful to resolve concerns about the differentiation and rate of tumor growth. The aims of this review are to discuss the utility of immunohistochemical reagents currently used in diagnosis of canine and feline intracalvarial tumors, to indicate the applicability of some tests currently used in human nervous system tumors for domestic species, and to evaluate a few less commonly used reagents. A panel of biomarkers is usually needed to confirm a diagnosis, with groups of reagents for leptomeningeal, intraparenchymal, and ventricular neoplasms. In the future, signature genetic alterations found among feline and canine brain tumors--as correlated prospectively with diagnosis, rate of enlargement, or response to treatment--may result in new immunohistochemical reagents to simplify the task of diagnosis. Prospective studies determining the type and proportion of stem cell marker expression on patient longevity are likely to be fruitful and suggest new therapies. Due to increased frequency of biopsy or partial resection of tumors from the living patient, biomarkers are needed to serve as accurate prognostic indicators and assist in determining the efficacy of developing therapeutic options in nervous system tumors of dogs and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Missouri, 1600 East Rollins Street, Columbia MO 65211, USA.
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9
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Junginger J, Röthlisberger A, Lehmbecker A, Stein VM, Ludwig DC, Baumgärtner W, Seehusen F. Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour in a dog. J Comp Pathol 2013; 149:424-8. [PMID: 23714380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A 1-year-old German shepherd dog was presented with paraparesis quickly progressing to paraplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large mass beneath the thoracolumbar vertebral column infiltrating the spinal canal and resulting in severe extradural compression of the spinal cord. Microscopically, this comprised a cell-rich unencapsulated tumour supported by fine bands of a fibrovascular stroma and occasionally forming primitive rosettes. Immunohistochemistry showed the tumour cells to express synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had low to moderate numbers of intracytoplasmic neurosecretory granules. A peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour was diagnosed. This is a rare embryonal tumour of neural origin that may have arisen from adrenal medulla, autonomic ganglia or peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Junginger
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany
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10
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Mukaratirwa S, Rogerson P, Blanco AL, Naylor SW, Bradley A. Spontaneous cerebellar primitive neuroectodermal tumor in a juvenile cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Toxicol Pathol 2012; 40:931-4. [PMID: 22569584 DOI: 10.1177/0192623312444764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A neoplastic mass compressing the left cerebellar hemisphere and hindbrain was observed at trimming in a 3½-year-old male cynomolgus monkey from a control dose group. Microscopically, the neoplastic mass was nonencapsulated, invasive, and showed two morphological patterns. The predominant area consisted of densely packed undifferentiated, polygonal to spindle cells arranged in vague sheets supported by a scant fibrovascular stroma. The other area was less cellular and composed of round neoplastic cells separated by eosinophilic fibrillar material. Immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament, and S-100 confirmed the presence of primitive undifferentiated neuroectodermal cells and some cells with neuronal or glial differentiation. On the basis of histopathology and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of cerebellar primitive neuroectodermal tumor with neuronal and glial differentiation was made. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors are rare in animals including nonhuman primates; this is the first published report in this species.
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11
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Choi US, Philippe L, Alleman AR, Kim MS, Lee KC. Cytologic and immunohistochemical characterization of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the brain of a dog. Vet Clin Pathol 2012; 41:153-7. [PMID: 22320185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2012.00404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old intact female Pointer dog was presented for evaluation of acute onset of ataxia, circling, and head tilt. Neurologic assessment revealed overall decreased postural reaction, left-sided hemiparesis with incoordination, rigidity of fore- and hindlimbs, strabismus of the right eye, and bilateral horizontal nystagmus. Using magnetic resonance imaging, a mass lesion was identified in the cerebrum adjacent to the left side of the cerebellum compressing the brain stem ventrally. The mass was incompletely resected, and during surgery fine-needle aspiration and biopsy of the mass were performed. Cytologically, smears were highly cellular and contained predominantly small to medium-sized discrete round cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios and round nuclei with rare deep clefts or indentation, smooth chromatin, and indistinct nucleoli. Numerous cytoplasmic fragments were noted in the background. The primary diagnosis was lymphoma; other differential diagnoses included neuroendocrine tumor and poorly differentiated tumor of neural origin. The histologic diagnosis was lymphoma, and the lesion was presumed to be metastatic. On immunohistochemical analysis, the cells expressed neither CD3 nor CD79a. Re-examination of the histologic section revealed disorganized sheets of cells with multifocal palisading and perivascular arrangements of rosette-like structures. An expanded panel of antibodies to vimentin, cytokeratin, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin (SYN), S-100, and CD45 was applied to histologic sections. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, NSE, and S-100. Based on the histologic appearance and immunophenotype of the tumor, a diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) was made. PNET, although rare in dogs, should be considered as a differential diagnosis for round cell tumors in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ul Soo Choi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology and Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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12
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Mandrioli L, Biserni R, Panarese S, Morini M, Gandini G, Bettini G. Immunohistochemical Profiling and Telomerase Activity of a Canine Medulloblastoma. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:814-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985810390016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A well-demarcated mass was found by computed tomography in the left cerebellar hemisphere of a 4-year-old male Boxer with acute onset of progressive central vestibular syndrome. At necropsy, the pink, gelatinous mass was in the flocculonodular lobe. Histologically, neoplastic tissue arose from the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex and consisted of sheets of oval to round hyperchromatic cells, consistent with the diagnosis of medulloblastoma. Synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase immunoreactivity supported the neuronal origin of the neoplastic cells; furthermore, a weak to moderate c-kit expression was detected, as reported in pediatric medulloblastoma. Telomerase activity of tumor cells was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and by the telomere repeat amplification protocol, suggesting involvement of this enzymatic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Mandrioli
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - R. Biserni
- Veterinary Clinical Department, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - S. Panarese
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - M. Morini
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - G. Gandini
- Veterinary Clinical Department, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - G. Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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14
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Stoica G, Kim HT, Hall DG, Coates JR. Morphology, immunohistochemistry, and genetic alterations in dog astrocytomas. Vet Pathol 2004; 41:10-9. [PMID: 14715963 DOI: 10.1354/vp.41-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytoma is one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system in animals. Of the domesticated animal species, most examples are seen in dogs, and the spectrum that has been described is quiet broad. Previous studies have revealed morphologic similarities between human and animal astrocytomas. Human astrocytomas are often associated with genetic alterations that determine the clinical behavior and therapy outcome. The purpose of this study was to further characterize astrocytomas in dogs and to determine whether there are genetic changes similar to those in the human counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stoica
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA.
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15
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Abstract
A 3-year-old Staffordshire Terrier was presented to the Texas Veterinary Medical Center with a short progressive history of anorexia, weight loss, and weakness that had progressed to ataxia and collapse with empirical treatment. The dog was tetraparetic and obtunded. Results of a complete neurologic evaluation were consistent with severe, multifocal to diffuse disease involving the forebrain, spinal cord, and brainstem. Cerebrospinal fluid, obtained via cerebellomedullary cisternal puncture, was highly cellular and contained large atypical round cells with small numbers of nondegenerate neutrophils and large mononuclear cells. Rare eosinophils and small lymphocytes were noted. The atypical round cells were approximately 15-25 micro m in diameter with a single nucleus set in a small amount of cytoplasm. The nuclei were typically round to slightly ovoid; however, occasional notched, lobulated, and reniform nuclei were observed. These cells were interpreted as malignant lymphocytes. Owing to a grave prognosis, the animal was euthanized and a necropsy was performed. No gross lesions were found in the central nervous system. Multiple sections of cerebellum, medulla, and spinal cord contained a diffuse neoplastic infiltrate that was predominantly meningeal with rare superficial neuropil invasion. The neoplastic cells were arranged in sheets, cords, and rosettes. Immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, pancytokeratin, CD3, CD79a, synaptophysin, S-100, and neuron-specific enolase was negative; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining was equivocal. Based on histologic findings, a diagnosis of medulloblastoma was made. This case documents the rare occurrence of a canine medulloblastoma and illustrates the difficulty in distinguishing between some embryonal brain tumors and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Thompson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4467, USA.
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16
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McConnell JF, Platt S, Smith KC. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of an intracranial medulloblastoma in a Polish Lowland Sheepdog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2004; 45:17-22. [PMID: 15005356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2004.04003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullobastoma is an uncommon caudal fossa tumor. The imaging features of medullobastoma in the dog are poorly described. In this report, the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of a cerebellar medullobastoma in a dog is described. The MR features were similar to medulloblastomas in adult humans, with the tumor arising laterally and extending to the surface of the cerebellar hemisphere. Correct localization of medulloblastoma may be difficult and it should be considered as a differential for both extra- and intra-axial caudal fossa masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fraser McConnell
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Centre for Small Animal Studies, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK
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Abstract
A two-year-old, castrated crossbred cat presented with loss of balance and anorexia. A mass of the caudal aspect of the cerebellum was revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The mass was hypointense on T1-weighted images, iso- and hyperintense on T2-weighted images and was enhanced by intravenous gadolinium contrast medium. The MRI characteristics of this case were similar to those of medulloblastoma of the cerebellar vermis in humans. The authors were able to remove almost all of the tumour. The cat was discharged from hospital on day 22 after surgery, but died on day 45. The excised tissue was histologically diagnosed as medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kitagawa
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8510, Japan
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18
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Dyer SM, Keating J, Ewing PJ, Orcutt CJ. A Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor in the Cerebellum of an Umbrella Cockatoo (Cacatua alba). J Avian Med Surg 2003. [DOI: 10.1647/1082-6742(2003)017[0020:apntit]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kuwabara M, Kitagawa M, Sato T, Ohba S, Tsubokawa T. Early diagnosis of feline medulloblastoma in the vermis. Vet Rec 2002; 150:488-9. [PMID: 11995684 DOI: 10.1136/vr.150.15.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kuwabara
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
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Kitagawa M, Koie H, Kanayama K, Sakai T. Medulloblastoma in a cat: clinical and MRI findings. J Small Anim Pract 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2002.tb00046.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kitagawa
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252‐8510, Japan
| | - H. Koie
- Animal Medical Center, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252‐8510, Japan
| | - K. Kanayama
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252‐8510, Japan
| | - T. Sakai
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252‐8510, Japan
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Katayama KI, Kuroki K, Uchida K, Nakayama H, Sakai M, Mochizuki M, Nishimura R, Sasaki N, Doi K. A case of canine primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:103-5. [PMID: 11217053 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year and 6 month-old, female, Golden Retriever showed circling behavior and seizure. By magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, a mass was found on the surface of the left cerebral hemisphere, invading to the left temporal muscle. The skull bone between them was destroyed. The dog was euthanized and necropsied. Histologically, the mass contained a lot of undifferentiated anaplastic cells, forming Homer-Wright rosettes and pseudopalisading patterns. Thus, the case was diagnosed as primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Katayama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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