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Ong NY, Teo FJJ, Ee JZY, Yau CE, Thumboo J, Tan HK, Ng QX. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on the well-being of healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Psychiatr 2024; 37:e101115. [PMID: 38737894 PMCID: PMC11086195 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence attests to the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), but their effectiveness for healthcare workers remains uncertain. Aims To evaluate the evidence for MBIs in improving healthcare workers' psychological well-being. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 31 August 2022 using the keywords 'healthcare worker', 'doctor', 'nurse', 'allied health', 'mindfulness', 'wellness', 'workshop' and 'program'. Randomised controlled trials with a defined MBI focusing on healthcare workers and quantitative outcome measures related to subjective or psychological well-being were eligible for inclusion. R V.4.0.3 was used for data analysis, with the standardised mean difference as the primary outcome, employing DerSimonian and Laird's random effects model. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Results A total of 27 studies with 2506 participants were included, mostly from the USA, involving various healthcare professions. MBIs such as stress reduction programmes, apps, meditation and training showed small to large effects on anxiety, burnout, stress, depression, psychological distress and job strain outcomes of the participants. Positive effects were also seen in self-compassion, empathy, mindfulness and well-being. However, long-term outcomes (1 month or longer postintervention) varied, and the effects were not consistently sustained. Conclusions MBIs offer short-term benefits in reducing stress-related symptoms in healthcare workers. The review also highlights limitations such as intervention heterogeneity, reduced power in specific subgroup analyses and variable study quality. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022353340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Yixuan Ong
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Finn Jing Jie Teo
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane Zi Ying Ee
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun En Yau
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julian Thumboo
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hiang Khoon Tan
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Qin Xiang Ng
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
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Al-Hammouri MM, Rababah JA. A brief mindfulness-based intervention, sleep quality, sleep duration, and fatigue among nurses: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38458149 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention in improving sleep duration, sleep quality, and fatigue among Jordanian nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized controlled trial was used to conduct this study. Data from 123 nurses (60 nurses in the interventional group and 63 nurses in the control group) were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome measures were compared between the intervention and control groups using repeated measure MANOVA to assess changes in sleep duration, sleep quality, and fatigue over time. RESULTS The results showed that there was a statistically significant multivariate effect of the intervention on the linear combination of the dependent variables (sleep duration, sleep quality, and fatigue) (V = 0.23, F (3, 119) = 12.02, p < .001) with Partial η2 of 0.23. Follow-up analysis showed that the intervention group had lower sleep disturbances (Mean difference = -6.53, CI = -7.79 to -5.26) and less fatigue (Mean difference = -13.36, CI = -17.24 to -9.47) than the control group. CONCLUSIONS The current study showed that the mindfulness-based intervention effectively addresses sleep quality and fatigue in nurses, which in turn is expected to positively impact the health care system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Mindfulness-based interventions effectively address sleep quality and fatigue associated with nurses' job performance and outcomes. Implementing brief mindfulness-based interventions is crucial as they can be self-implemented and fit into nurses' busy schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jehad A Rababah
- Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Looper EM, Gleason P, Newnam K, Talbott E, Rouch TM. Feasibility of a Mindfulness Education Module for Nurses: An Evidence-Based Practice Project. J Contin Educ Nurs 2023; 54:516-523. [PMID: 37747143 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20230918-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Nurse burnout is a well-defined problem that has been exacerbated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and negatively affects nurses' mental health, nursing shortages, patient safety, and quality of care. Evidence shows that mindfulness is an effective strategy for managing stress and decreasing burnout among nurses. This article describes an evidence-based practice project that translated this evidence into practice via a vetted mindfulness educational intervention for nurses on a pulmonary medicine unit and a medical intensive care unit. The goal of this project was to assess the feasibility of this educational intervention, processes, and outcomes with the goal to extend the project hospital-wide. Preintervention levels of nurse burnout were assessed using the validated Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. For both units, personal and work-related burnout were in the moderate range and patient-related burnout was in the mild range. Postintervention surveys completed by participant nurses and the nurse managers of both units supported the feasibility of this education module. Future implementation of annual mindfulness education was supported through both participant and administrative feedback. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2023;54(11):516-523.].
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Zhang Y, Murphy J, Lammers-van der Holst HM, Barger LK, Lai YJ, Duffy JF. Interventions to improve the sleep of nurses: A systematic review. Res Nurs Health 2023; 46:462-484. [PMID: 37710916 PMCID: PMC10539041 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nurses are at a high risk for short sleep duration and poor sleep quality due to irregular work schedules and high occupational stress. Considering the effect of nurses' sleep on the safety and health of themselves and their patients, it is important to promote healthy sleep for nurses. We sought to synthesize the published experimental and quasi-experimental studies that address interventions to improve sleep in nurses. A systematic search was conducted for studies published in English up until May 15, 2023, using the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, and PsycINFO. In total, 38 articles were included, covering 22 experimental and 16 quasi-experimental studies with sample sizes ranging from 9 to 207. Studies were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and considered as low to medium quality. Thirty-six of the 38 studies reported positive findings for at least one sleep outcome. Intervention types included aroma therapy, dietary supplements, cognitive behavioral therapy, light therapy, mind-body therapy, sleep education, exercise, napping, shift schedule modification, and multicomponent intervention, all of which showed moderate effectiveness in promoting sleep outcomes of nurses. Comparing and contrasting studies on specific interventions for improving sleep in nurses is sparse and often equivocal. With the variations of research methodology and outcome measures, it is difficult to make a conclusion about each intervention's effectiveness on specific sleep outcomes. Additional high-quality research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed to evaluate strategies for improving sleep in this unique, safety-sensitive occupational group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854
| | - Jennifer Murphy
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854
| | | | - Laura K. Barger
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854
| | - Jeanne F. Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Andrabi M, Mumba M, Mathews J, Rattan J, Scheiner A. The Effectiveness of a Yoga Program on Psychological and Cardiovascular Outcomes of Undergraduate Nursing Students. Holist Nurs Pract 2023; 37:E69-E74. [PMID: 37595123 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Psychological problems among nursing students are well documented. Unfortunately, only a minority of these populations seek help related to their psychological distress. Yoga exercises improve individuals' psychological distress and cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore, we conducted this study to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of our health promotion theme-based yoga program to reduce the participants' stress levels and anxiety symptoms and improve their blood pressure and heart rate. This study has a pre/posttest quasi-experimental design. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit the participants who were 18 years or older and could speak and read English. Individuals with any contraindication to participate in yoga or receiving any medications for their mental health or cardiovascular health were excluded from the study. The Perceived Stress Scale and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 were used to measure the participants' stress levels and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Their blood pressure and heart rate were measured by using a standard blood pressure measuring machine. Participants received 50 minutes of weekly yoga sessions in groups and also performed individual yoga sessions 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Descriptive statistics were used to answer our research questions. Our recruitment rate of 47% (n = 19) was lower than our anticipated rate of 80%; however, we had a retention rate of 90%. There was a reduction in participants' stress levels and anxiety symptoms from the preintervention phase to the postintervention phase. A larger study and a randomized controlled trial are warranted to draw conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Andrabi
- Capstone College of Nursing (Drs Andrabi and Mumba and Ms Rattan) and College of Engineering (Mr Mathews), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa; and Stroke Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham (Ms Scheiner)
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Burner LR, Spadaro KC. Self-Care Skills to Prevent Burnout: A Pilot Study Embedding Mindfulness in an Undergraduate Nursing Course. J Holist Nurs 2023; 41:265-274. [PMID: 35898184 DOI: 10.1177/08980101221117367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Burnout negatively affects nurses and increases nursing turnover. Many student nurses experience burnout throughout their academic program, negatively affecting student success and patient care. Objectives To explore effects of mindfulness education / self-care skills training in undergraduate nursing students on stress and self-care. Design A four-week pilot with four-week follow-up. Setting In-person mindfulness sessions were offered to first-year nursing students. Participants 67 students enrolled in a nursing skills course. Methods Four in-person mindfulness educational sessions were provided with a 4-week follow-up. Outcomes were stress and self-care, measured by the Perceived Stress Scale and Mindful Self-Care Scale at pre-, post-, and follow-up. Results 58 (86.6%) completed pilot; mean age = 22.8 (5.75), majority females (84%) and Caucasian (79%). Students practicing one or more mindfulness techniques at least 8 times outside class increased self-care 9.5% pre- to post-intervention (p = .01), although not sustained at follow-up. Stress did not change significantly in either direction (p = .94), potentially mediating the stress of starting clinical immediately following the intervention. Conclusions Mindfulness education increased self-care in first-year nursing students who practiced mindfulness outside class. Recommendations include further research and integration of mindfulness into courses to assess benefits and coping skills for future nurses.
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Komariah M, Hatthakit U, Boonyoung N, Ibrahim K, Susilaningsih FS, Mediani HS, Rahayuwati L, Hermayanti Y, Pahria T, Arifin H. Islamic Mindfulness-Based Caring as an Intervention to Manage Fatigue. J Holist Nurs 2023:8980101231180363. [PMID: 37455340 DOI: 10.1177/08980101231180363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of Islamic Mindfulness-based Caring (IMC) on fatigue among breast cancer patients. Design: A quasi-experimental study was undertaken in the chemotherapy unit of a hospital, in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 112 females with stage III breast cancer undertaking chemotherapy treatment were recruited by purposive sampling technique. The experimental group (n = 53) was given both IMC and usual care, whereas the control group (n = 59) received only the usual care. Data were collected on days 1, 3, 23, and 44 using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) and demographic information tools. Data analyses were carried out with the Mixed-Effects Linear Regression. Findings: We found a significant difference in fatigue between the control and experimental groups on days 23 (mean: 29.34-34.92; p = .001) and 44 (mean: 28.68-37.89; p < .001) after IMC intervention. The increase of time was significantly associated with a lower fatigue score (p < .05). Mixed-Effect Linear Regression showed a significant interaction between time and intervention of IMC effect on fatigue score on time-4 (adjusted β coefficient: 6.62; 95% CI: 2.17-11.06). Conclusions: Nurse-administered IMC is capable of reducing fatigue among breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tuti Pahria
- Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Hidayat Arifin
- Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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Yu J, Kim T, Kim H. Mediating Effect of Humanism on the Relationship between Task Performance Competence and Holistic Nursing Competence for Clinical Nurses. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1953. [PMID: 37444787 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional descriptive study that investigates the mediating effect of humanism on the relationship between task performance and holistic nursing competence among clinical nurses. The participants were nurses with more than one year of work experience in general hospitals in South Korea, recruited using convenience sampling. A total of 227 data samples were collected. A self-reported questionnaire including the task performance competence scale, holistic nursing competence scale, and humanism scale was used for the survey. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression after checking for normal distribution. The results showed that task performance competence, holistic nursing competence, and humanism differed according to characteristics such as gender, age, educational level, marital status, position, length of career, and job and salary satisfaction. Task performance competence was positively correlated with holistic nursing competence and humanism. A positive correlation was also observed between holistic nursing competence and humanism. A partial mediating effect of humanism in the relationship between task performance competence and holistic nursing competence was confirmed. Thus, to increase nurses' holistic nursing competence, it is necessary to improve task performance competence and formulate a continuous and repetitive education program that includes humanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Yu
- Department of Nursing, Chung Cheong University, Chungbuk 28171, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehui Kim
- Department of Nursing, Joongbu University, Chungnam 32713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesun Kim
- Department of Nursing, Joongbu University, Chungnam 32713, Republic of Korea
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Shiri R, Nikunlaakso R, Laitinen J. Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions to Improve Health and Well-Being of Health and Social Service Workers: A Narrative Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1792. [PMID: 37372909 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Health and social service workers face high levels of workload and job stressors, which can affect their health and well-being. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace interventions that aim to improve their mental and physical health outcomes. This review summarizes the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the impact of different types of workplace interventions on various health indicators among health and social service workers. The review searched the PubMed database from its inception to December 2022 and included RCTs that reported on the effectiveness of organizational-level interventions and qualitative studies that explored barriers and facilitators to participation in such interventions. A total of 108 RCTs were included in the review, covering job burnout (N = 56 RCTs), happiness or job satisfaction (N = 35), sickness absence (N = 18), psychosocial work stressors (N = 14), well-being (N = 13), work ability (N = 12), job performance or work engagement (N = 12), perceived general health (N = 9), and occupational injuries (N = 3). The review found that several workplace interventions were effective in improving work ability, well-being, perceived general health, work performance, and job satisfaction and in reducing psychosocial stressors, burnout, and sickness absence among healthcare workers. However, the effects were generally modest and short-lived. Some of the common barriers to participation in workplace interventions among healthcare workers were inadequate staff, high workload, time pressures, work constraints, lack of manager support, scheduling health programs outside work hours, and lack of motivation. This review suggests that workplace interventions have small short-term positive effects on health and well-being of healthcare workers. Workplace interventions should be implemented as routine programs with free work hours to encourage participation or integrate intervention activities into daily work routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Nikunlaakso
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
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Thakur M, Patil Y, Philip ST, Hamdule T, Thimmapuram J, Vyas N, Thakur K. Impact of Heartfulness meditation practice on anxiety, perceived stress, well-being, and telomere length. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1158760. [PMID: 37342644 PMCID: PMC10278541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1158760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Exhaustion, stress, and burnout have all been found to be reduced using techniques like yoga and meditation. This study was carried out to check the effectiveness of Heartfulness practice (a form of meditation) on certain psychological and genetic variables. Methods A total of 100 healthy individuals (aged 18-24) were recruited and randomized into two groups-Heartfulness intervention and control group. The intervention was carried out for 03 months. Participants from both groups were analysed for their cortisol levels and telomere length before and after the intervention. Psychometric measures of anxiety, perceived stress, well-being and mindfulness were carried out using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), WHO-Well-being Index (WHO-WBI) and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Results The cortisol levels in the meditators group significantly decreased (p < 0.001) after the intervention as compared to the non-meditators group, whereas, the telomere length increased in the mediators group. This increase was not significant (p > 0.05). Anxiety and perceived stress also decreased post intervention, and well-being as well as mindfulness increased, as assessed by the questionnaire tools, although the decrease in perceived stress was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between telomere length and cortisol (stress biomarker), whereas a positive correlation was found between telomere length and well-being. Conclusion Our data provide evidence that Heartfulness meditation practice can improve our mental health. Additionally, telomere length is shown to be affected by cortisol levels, and this meditation practice can also help to increase telomere length, and thereby slow down cellular aging. However, future studies with larger sample size are required to confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansee Thakur
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Central Research Laboratory, Mahatma Gandhi Mission School of Biomedical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Yogesh Patil
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Central Research Laboratory, Mahatma Gandhi Mission School of Biomedical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjana T. Philip
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Central Research Laboratory, Mahatma Gandhi Mission School of Biomedical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Tahreem Hamdule
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Central Research Laboratory, Mahatma Gandhi Mission School of Biomedical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Jayaram Thimmapuram
- Department of Internal Medicine, Well Span York Hospital, York, PA, United States
| | | | - Kapil Thakur
- SRCM Heartfulness Meditation Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
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Tamminga SJ, Emal LM, Boschman JS, Levasseur A, Thota A, Ruotsalainen JH, Schelvis RM, Nieuwenhuijsen K, van der Molen HF. Individual-level interventions for reducing occupational stress in healthcare workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 5:CD002892. [PMID: 37169364 PMCID: PMC10175042 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd002892.pub6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers can suffer from work-related stress as a result of an imbalance of demands, skills and social support at work. This may lead to stress, burnout and psychosomatic problems, and deterioration of service provision. This is an update of a Cochrane Review that was last updated in 2015, which has been split into this review and a review on organisational-level interventions. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of stress-reduction interventions targeting individual healthcare workers compared to no intervention, wait list, placebo, no stress-reduction intervention or another type of stress-reduction intervention in reducing stress symptoms. SEARCH METHODS: We used the previous version of the review as one source of studies (search date: November 2013). We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and a trials register from 2013 up to February 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effectiveness of stress interventions directed at healthcare workers. We included only interventions targeted at individual healthcare workers aimed at reducing stress symptoms. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Review authors independently selected trials for inclusion, assessed risk of bias and extracted data. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We categorised interventions into ones that: 1. focus one's attention on the (modification of the) experience of stress (thoughts, feelings, behaviour); 2. focus one's attention away from the experience of stress by various means of psychological disengagement (e.g. relaxing, exercise); 3. alter work-related risk factors on an individual level; and ones that 4. combine two or more of the above. The crucial outcome measure was stress symptoms measured with various self-reported questionnaires such as the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), measured at short term (up to and including three months after the intervention ended), medium term (> 3 to 12 months after the intervention ended), and long term follow-up (> 12 months after the intervention ended). MAIN RESULTS: This is the second update of the original Cochrane Review published in 2006, Issue 4. This review update includes 89 new studies, bringing the total number of studies in the current review to 117 with a total of 11,119 participants randomised. The number of participants per study arm was ≥ 50 in 32 studies. The most important risk of bias was the lack of blinding of participants. Focus on the experience of stress versus no intervention/wait list/placebo/no stress-reduction intervention Fifty-two studies studied an intervention in which one's focus is on the experience of stress. Overall, such interventions may result in a reduction in stress symptoms in the short term (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.52 to -0.23; 41 RCTs; 3645 participants; low-certainty evidence) and medium term (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.71 to -0.14; 19 RCTs; 1851 participants; low-certainty evidence). The SMD of the short-term result translates back to 4.6 points fewer on the MBI-emotional exhaustion scale (MBI-EE, a scale from 0 to 54). The evidence is very uncertain (one RCT; 68 participants, very low-certainty evidence) about the long-term effect on stress symptoms of focusing one's attention on the experience of stress. Focus away from the experience of stress versus no intervention/wait list/placebo/no stress-reduction intervention Forty-two studies studied an intervention in which one's focus is away from the experience of stress. Overall, such interventions may result in a reduction in stress symptoms in the short term (SMD -0.55, 95 CI -0.70 to -0.40; 35 RCTs; 2366 participants; low-certainty evidence) and medium term (SMD -0.41 95% CI -0.79 to -0.03; 6 RCTs; 427 participants; low-certainty evidence). The SMD on the short term translates back to 6.8 fewer points on the MBI-EE. No studies reported the long-term effect. Focus on work-related, individual-level factors versus no intervention/no stress-reduction intervention Seven studies studied an intervention in which the focus is on altering work-related factors. The evidence is very uncertain about the short-term effects (no pooled effect estimate; three RCTs; 87 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and medium-term effects and long-term effects (no pooled effect estimate; two RCTs; 152 participants, and one RCT; 161 participants, very low-certainty evidence) of this type of stress management intervention. A combination of individual-level interventions versus no intervention/wait list/no stress-reduction intervention Seventeen studies studied a combination of interventions. In the short-term, this type of intervention may result in a reduction in stress symptoms (SMD -0.67 95%, CI -0.95 to -0.39; 15 RCTs; 1003 participants; low-certainty evidence). The SMD translates back to 8.2 fewer points on the MBI-EE. On the medium term, a combination of individual-level interventions may result in a reduction in stress symptoms, but the evidence does not exclude no effect (SMD -0.48, 95% CI -0.95 to 0.00; 6 RCTs; 574 participants; low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain about the long term effects of a combination of interventions on stress symptoms (one RCT, 88 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Focus on stress versus other intervention type Three studies compared focusing on stress versus focusing away from stress and one study a combination of interventions versus focusing on stress. The evidence is very uncertain about which type of intervention is better or if their effect is similar. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Our review shows that there may be an effect on stress reduction in healthcare workers from individual-level stress interventions, whether they focus one's attention on or away from the experience of stress. This effect may last up to a year after the end of the intervention. A combination of interventions may be beneficial as well, at least in the short term. Long-term effects of individual-level stress management interventions remain unknown. The same applies for interventions on (individual-level) work-related risk factors. The bias assessment of the studies in this review showed the need for methodologically better-designed and executed studies, as nearly all studies suffered from poor reporting of the randomisation procedures, lack of blinding of participants and lack of trial registration. Better-designed trials with larger sample sizes are required to increase the certainty of the evidence. Last, there is a need for more studies on interventions which focus on work-related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sietske J Tamminga
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lima M Emal
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julitta S Boschman
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alice Levasseur
- Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jani H Ruotsalainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Roosmarijn Mc Schelvis
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Body@Work, Research Center on Work, Health and Technology, TNO/VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karen Nieuwenhuijsen
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk F van der Molen
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Ruiz-Íñiguez R, Carralero Montero A, Burgos-Julián FA, Fabelo Roche JR, Santed MÁ. Comparison of two brief mindfulness interventions for anxiety, stress and burnout in mental health professionals: a randomised crossover trial. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1160714. [PMID: 37251062 PMCID: PMC10214838 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1160714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety, stress and burnout are a growing reality among mental health professionals, impacting negatively on them and their clients. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating these sufferings. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge on the impact of MBIs in Cuba. Objectives To compare the effectiveness of two brief mindfulness-based interventions for reducing anxiety, work stress and burnout. Methods A total of 104 mental health professionals from Havana (Cuba) participated in a randomised crossover trial. Group A received first an intervention involving body-centred practices (body scan and Hatha yoga) and a second intervention involving mind-centred practices (focused attention and open monitoring meditation). Group B received the same interventions but in reverse order. Four measures (anxiety, stress, burnout syndrome, and antecedents of burnout) were measured at baseline, posttest1, posttest2, and 6-months follow-up. Results After the first intervention, there was a between-group difference for burnout syndrome, but the ES was similar for both groups. After the second intervention (implementing both practises), groups showed the largest effect sizes, and there was a between-group difference for antecedents of burnout. Results were partially maintained at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion These results suggest that mind-centred practises can be as effective as body-centred practises for stress, anxiety and burnout reduction. The combination of both types of practises could be the most effective way of teaching mindfulness. About the sequence of implementation, teaching mind-centred practises first and then body-centred practises could be most effective for reducing antecedents of burnout.Clinical Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03296254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ruiz-Íñiguez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Carralero Montero
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Justo R. Fabelo Roche
- Center for Academic Development in Drug Addiction (CEDRO), Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana (UCM-H), Havana, Cuba
| | - Miguel Á. Santed
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Davis L, Aylward A, Scott BG, Jacobs J. "Following the Breath:" A Trauma-Informed Intervention for Educator Wellness in Rural Montana. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2023; 13:23. [PMID: 38116307 PMCID: PMC10730112 DOI: 10.3390/educsci13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Given the prevalence of mental health issues for both educators and adolescents in rural Montana, this project is designed to help mitigate the impact of stressors by providing coping strategies linked to improvements in overall mental health outcomes for teachers, which may ultimately lead to improved co-regulation of students and classroom climate. The immediate goal of this pilot study was to measure physical and mental health outcomes of educators resulting from a remotely-delivered trauma-informed yoga intervention. Findings suggest improvements in participants' depression and anxiety levels, trauma symptoms, sleep quality, and non-significant changes in heart rate variability and cortisol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Davis
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Alexandra Aylward
- University of Texas-Austin, College of Education, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brandon G. Scott
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Jonathan Jacobs
- Montana State University, College of Education, Health, and Human Development and Department of Psychology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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14
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Li P, Mao L, Hu M, Lu Z, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Hu Z. Mindfulness on Rumination in Patients with Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16101. [PMID: 36498174 PMCID: PMC9737922 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on rumination among patients with depression and their efficacy across countries and year of publication and control conditions. Methods: Web of Science Core Collection, Medline, BIOSIS Citation Index, KCI-Korean Journal Database, SciELO Citation Index, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched to include randomized controlled trials of MBIs for depressive rumination that met the criteria. The Rumination Scale was used as the primary outcome indicator; Depression, mindfulness, and anxiety indexes were selected as the secondary outcome indicators. An evaluation of bias risk was conducted to identify possible sources of bias based on methodological and clinical factors. RevMan5.3 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of the extracted data. Results: Nineteen studies with 1138 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that MBIs could significantly reduce rumination levels in patients with depression (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.58, −0.34; p < 0.001), notably improve depression (SMD = −0.58; 95% CI: −0.83, −0.32; p < 0.001), enhance mindfulness ability (SMD = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.57, 1.32; p < 0.001), and reduce the anxiety of patients with depression (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI: −0.62, −0.27; p < 0.001). MBIs conducted in Asia improved rumination better than studies in Europe and North America (SMD = −2.05 95% CI: −4.08, −0.01; p < 0.001) but had no greater effect than behavior activation on depression. The interventions carried out in the past 5 years were significantly better than earlier studies in improving mindfulness levels (SMD = 2.74; 95% CI: 0.81, 4.66; p = 0.005). Conclusions: MBIs are effective in the treatment of depression as they produce pleasant improvement in rumination and depression, decrease the degree of anxiety, and enhance mindfulness levels compared to controls. In newer forms of MBIs, regional differences need to be considered when designing the intervention program. More large, high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the conclusion that the effectiveness of MBIs has differences in terms of the trial area and year of publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330036, China
| | - Lingyun Mao
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Maorong Hu
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zihang Lu
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330036, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330036, China
| | - Zhizhong Hu
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330036, China
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15
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De Nys L, Anderson K, Ofosu EF, Ryde GC, Connelly J, Whittaker AC. The effects of physical activity on cortisol and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 143:105843. [PMID: 35777076 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managing stress and having good quality sleep are inter-related factors that are essential for health, and both factors seem to be affected by physical activity. Although there is an established bidirectional relationship between stress and sleep, remarkably few studies have been designed to examine the effects of physical activity on cortisol, a key biomarker for stress, and sleep. Research is particularly scarce in older people despite both sleep and cortisol changing with age. This systematic literature review addresses this gap. METHODS A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Original, peer-reviewed records of intervention studies such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs with relevant control groups were eligible for inclusion. The Participant, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) characteristics were (1) adults or older adults (2) physical activity programmes of any duration, (3) controls receiving no intervention or controls included in a different programme, (4) cortisol measurement, and subjective or objective measures of sleep. RESULTS Ten original studies with low-to-moderate risk of bias were included. Findings from this review indicated with moderate- and low-certainty evidence, respectively, that physical activity was an effective strategy for lowering cortisol levels (SMD [95% CI] = -0.37 [-0.52, -0.21] p < .001) and improving sleep quality (SMD [95% CI] = -0.30 [-0.56, -0.04], p = .02). Caution is needed to generalize these findings to the general population, as included trials were predominantly participants with breast cancer, included few males and no older adults. CONCLUSION Cortisol regulation and sleep quality are intertwined, and physical activity programmes could improve both in several ways. Further, physical activity may benefit adults with long term conditions or current poor (mental) health states the most, although more research is needed to support this claim fully. Few intervention studies have examined the inter-relationship between cortisol and sleep outcomes in males or older adults, indicating fruitful enquiry for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Len De Nys
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK.
| | - Kerry Anderson
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Esther F Ofosu
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Gemma C Ryde
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Jenni Connelly
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK
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16
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Kanchibhotla D, Harsora P, Gupte P, Mehrotra S, Sharma P, Trehan N. Alleviating Work Exhaustion, Improving Professional Fulfillment, and Influencing Positivity Among Healthcare Professionals During COVID-19: A Study on Sudarshan Kriya Yoga. Front Psychol 2022; 13:670227. [PMID: 35910997 PMCID: PMC9326464 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.670227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Demanding work-life and excessive workload, the conflict between professional and personal lives, problems with patients and those related to the occurrence of death and high risk for their own life are a few factors causing burnout, disengagement, and dissatisfaction in the professional lives of healthcare professionals (HCPs). The situation worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is of utmost importance to find effective solutions to mitigate the stress and anxiety adversely affecting the mental well-being and professional lives of HCPs. This study was designed to examine the efficacy of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) for alleviating work exhaustion, improving Professional Fulfillment, and influencing positivity among HCPs during COVID-19. In a comparative observation before the intervention (Pre), after the intervention (Post), and 30 days after the intervention (Day 30) in the Experimental Group (29 physicians) and Control Group (27 physicians), it was found that immediately after SKY, HCPs experienced a significant improvement in Professional Fulfillment (p = 0.009), work exhaustion (0.008), positive affect (p = 0.02), and negative affect (p < 0.001) compared to the Control Group. The effect of SKY continued until Day 30 for Professional Fulfillment and had positive and negative effects. Findings suggest that SKY elevated Professional Fulfillment among HCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic and reduced their work exhaustion and the negative effect on their mental health. SKY can aid HCPs in maintaining their well-being when faced with unprecedented challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kanchibhotla
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Bangalore, India
- *Correspondence: Divya Kanchibhotla,
| | | | - Poorva Gupte
- Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Pooja Sharma
- Medanta – The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
- Pooja Sharma,
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17
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Upadhyay V, Saoji AA, Verma A, Saxena V. Development and validation of 20-min yoga module for reducing burnout among healthcare worker(s). Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 46:101543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Teaching Mindfulness to Mitigate Burnout in a Pandemic. J Trauma Nurs 2022; 29:51-54. [PMID: 35007253 DOI: 10.1097/jtn.0000000000000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress syndrome has been on the rise across all nursing specialties. When dealing with high-stress situations in the workplace, it has become clear that health care providers require tools to maintain a healthy environment. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to describe an initiative to provide baccalaureate nursing students with mindfulness techniques to manage their internal reactions to day-to-day events during a pandemic. METHODS This is an innovative classroom initiative reviewing nursing student engagement on a discussion board related to mindfulness reflection questions before and after implementing an 8-week mindfulness program conducted from August to October 2020 in a first-year undergraduate nursing program in Texas. RESULTS A total of 124 student nurses participated in a mindfulness program. The majority of these were women (83.9%), aged 19-50 years, single (78.2%), and Hispanic or Latino (84.7%). Discussion board engagement increased from n = 1,001 posts over 16-week premindfulness program implementation to n = 4,191 over the first 10 weeks of the program implementation. CONCLUSION Nursing implications include providing an atmosphere in which nurses can practice mindfulness skills, such as being in touch with their thoughts and bodies, which will help them transition into the position of trauma nurse. As nurse educators, it is our responsibility to assist in developing tools that students and patients may use to deal with their anxiety and foster an environment that promotes learning, understanding, and compassion.
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19
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Kavurmaci M, Tan M, Bahcecioglu Turan G. Determining the effect of yoga on job satisfaction and burnout of nurse academicians. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:404-410. [PMID: 33931853 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the effect of yoga on burnout and job satisfaction of nursing academicians. DESIGN AND METHODS The research is an experimental clinical trial conducted as pretest-posttest with control groups between March and August 2019 in a Nursing Faculty. Participants in the experimental group were given yoga practice (n = 33) twice a week for 8 weeks. Data were collected by using MBI and MSQ. FINDINGS The experimental group's mean posttest Personal Achievement, Extrinsic Satisfaction and General Satisfaction scores were higher than that of control group participants, and a highly significant difference was found between the groups. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Yoga practice is effective in reducing the burnout and increasing job satisfaction of nursing academicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Kavurmaci
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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20
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Rain M, Subramaniam B, Avti P, Mahajan P, Anand A. Can Yogic Breathing Techniques Like Simha Kriya and Isha Kriya Regulate COVID-19-Related Stress? Front Psychol 2021; 12:635816. [PMID: 33935886 PMCID: PMC8081973 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The global impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is tremendous on human life, not only affecting the physical and mental health of population but also impacting the economic system of countries and individual itself. The present situation demands prompt response toward COVID-19 by equipping the humans with strategies to overcome the infection and stress associated with it. These strategies must not only be limited to preventive and therapeutic measures, but also aim at improving immunity and mental health. This can be achieved by yogic breathing techniques. In this perspective, we emphasize the importance of yogic breathing, Simha Kriya and Isha kriya, the simple yet effective breathing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Rain
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Balachundhar Subramaniam
- Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pramod Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranay Mahajan
- Department of Hospital Administration, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Centre for Mind Body Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Centre of Phenomenology and Cognitive Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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21
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Innes KE, Montgomery C, Selfe TK, Wen S, Khalsa DS, Flick M. Incorporating a Usual Care Comparator into a Study of Meditation and Music Listening for Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Feasibility Trial. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:187-206. [PMID: 33981956 PMCID: PMC8075554 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest meditation and music listening (ML) may improve cognitive and psychosocial outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, lack of a usual care group has limited conclusions. OBJECTIVE To assess the: 1) feasibility of incorporating an enhanced usual care (EUC) comparator in a trial of Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) and ML for adults experiencing SCD; and 2) preliminary effects of active treatment (KK/ML) versus an EUC program. METHODS Forty participants with SCD were randomized 1:1:2 to a 12-week KK, ML, or EUC program. KK and ML participants were asked to practice 12 minutes/day; EUC participants were given a comprehensive educational packet regarding healthy aging and strategies for improving/maintaining brain health and asked to record any activities or strategies used. Feasibility was assessed using measures of retention, adherence, treatment expectancies, and participant satisfaction, as well as information from exit questionnaires and daily practice/activity logs. Cognitive functioning, stress, mood, sleep-quality, and health-related quality of life (QOL) were measured pre- and post-intervention using well-validated instruments. RESULTS Thirty-two participants (80%) completed the 3-month study, with retention highest in the EUC group (p < 0.05). Active treatment participants averaged 6.0±0.4 practice sessions/week, and EUC participants, 7.5±0.6 brain health activities/week. Treatment expectancies were similar across groups. EUC participants indicated high satisfaction with the program and study. Despite limited study power, the active treatment group showed significantly greater gains in subjective memory functioning (ps≤0.025) and nonsignificant improvements in cognitive performance (TMT-B), perceived stress, QOL, and mood (ps≤0.08) compared to the EUC group. CONCLUSION Findings of this pilot feasibility trial suggest incorporation of an EUC program is feasible, and that participation in a simple 12-week relaxation program may be helpful for adults with SCD versus engagement in an EUC program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Caitlin Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Terry Kit Selfe
- Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Madison Flick
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, West Virginia University HSC, Morgantown, WV, USA
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22
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Valipoor S, Bosch SJ. In the Moment: Fostering Mindfulness and Reducing Stressors in the Healthcare Workplace. HERD-HEALTH ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH & DESIGN JOURNAL 2021; 14:386-398. [PMID: 33535815 DOI: 10.1177/1937586720988243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While healthcare design research has primarily focused on patient outcomes, there is a growing recognition that environmental interventions could do more by promoting the overall quality of care, and this requires expanding the focus to the health and well-being of those who deliver care to patients. Healthcare professionals are under high levels of stress, leading to burnout, job dissatisfaction, and poor patient care. Among other tools, mindfulness is recommended as a way of decreasing stress and helping workers function at higher levels. This article aims to identify potential environmental strategies for reducing work-related stressors and facilitating mindfulness in healthcare settings. By examining existing evidence on workplace mindfulness and stress-reducing design strategies, we highlight the power of the physical environment in not only alleviating stressful conditions but intentionally encouraging a mindful perspective. Strategies like minimizing distractions or avoiding overstimulation in the healthcare environment can be more effective if implemented along with the provision of designated spaces for mindfulness-based programs. Future research may explore optimal methods and hospital workers' preferences for environments that support mindfulness and stress management. The long-term goal of all these efforts is to enhance healthcare professionals' well-being, reignite their professional enthusiasm, and help them be resilient in times of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabboo Valipoor
- Department of Interior Design, College of Design, Construction and Planning, 3463University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sheila J Bosch
- Department of Interior Design, College of Design, Construction and Planning, 3463University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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