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vom Saal FS, Antoniou M, Belcher SM, Bergman A, Bhandari RK, Birnbaum LS, Cohen A, Collins TJ, Demeneix B, Fine AM, Flaws JA, Gayrard V, Goodson WH, Gore AC, Heindel JJ, Hunt PA, Iguchi T, Kassotis CD, Kortenkamp A, Mesnage R, Muncke J, Myers JP, Nadal A, Newbold RR, Padmanabhan V, Palanza P, Palma Z, Parmigiani S, Patrick L, Prins GS, Rosenfeld CS, Skakkebaek NE, Sonnenschein C, Soto AM, Swan SH, Taylor JA, Toutain PL, von Hippel FA, Welshons WV, Zalko D, Zoeller RT. The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Environ Health Perspect 2024; 132:45001. [PMID: 38592230 PMCID: PMC11003459 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended lowering their estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI) for bisphenol A (BPA) 20,000-fold to 0.2 ng / kg body weight ( BW ) / day . BPA is an extensively studied high production volume endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with a vast array of diseases. Prior risk assessments of BPA by EFSA as well as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have relied on industry-funded studies conducted under good laboratory practice protocols (GLP) requiring guideline end points and detailed record keeping, while also claiming to examine (but rejecting) thousands of published findings by academic scientists. Guideline protocols initially formalized in the mid-twentieth century are still used by many regulatory agencies. EFSA used a 21st century approach in its reassessment of BPA and conducted a transparent, but time-limited, systematic review that included both guideline and academic research. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) opposed EFSA's revision of the TDI for BPA. OBJECTIVES We identify the flaws in the assumptions that the German BfR, as well as the FDA, have used to justify maintaining the TDI for BPA at levels above what a vast amount of academic research shows to cause harm. We argue that regulatory agencies need to incorporate 21st century science into chemical hazard identifications using the CLARITY-BPA (Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity) nonguideline academic studies in a collaborative government-academic program model. DISCUSSION We strongly endorse EFSA's revised TDI for BPA and support the European Commission's (EC) apparent acceptance of this updated BPA risk assessment. We discuss challenges to current chemical risk assessment assumptions about EDCs that need to be addressed by regulatory agencies to, in our opinion, become truly protective of public health. Addressing these challenges will hopefully result in BPA, and eventually other structurally similar bisphenols (called regrettable substitutions) for which there are known adverse effects, being eliminated from all food-related and many other uses in the EU and elsewhere. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick S. vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Antoniou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Scott M. Belcher
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ake Bergman
- Department of Environmental Science (ACES), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ramji K. Bhandari
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Linda S. Birnbaum
- Scientist Emeritus and Former Director, National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Scholar in Residence, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aly Cohen
- Integrative Rheumatology Associates, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Terrence J. Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Barbara Demeneix
- Comparative Physiology Laboratory, Natural History Museum, Paris, France
| | - Anne Marie Fine
- Environmental Medicine Education International, Mancos, Colorado, USA
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana—Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Veronique Gayrard
- ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - William H. Goodson
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrea C. Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jerrold J. Heindel
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A. Hunt
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Christopher D. Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jane Muncke
- Food Packaging Forum Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE) and CIBERDEM, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Retha R. Newbold
- Scientist Emeritus, NTP, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paola Palanza
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Parmigiani
- Unit of Evolutionary and Functional Biology, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Lyn Patrick
- Environmental Medicine Education International, Mancos, Colorado, USA
| | - Gail S. Prins
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
- Biomedical Sciences, Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- MU Institute of Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Niels E. Skakkebaek
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Sonnenschein
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana M. Soto
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shanna H. Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julia A. Taylor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Pierre-Louis Toutain
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
- NTHERES, INRAE, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Frank A. von Hippel
- Department of Community, Environment & Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Wade V. Welshons
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri—Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel Zalko
- ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - R. Thomas Zoeller
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Basak S, Varma S, Duttaroy AK. Modulation of fetoplacental growth, development and reproductive function by endocrine disrupters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1215353. [PMID: 37854189 PMCID: PMC10579913 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1215353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal endocrine homeostasis is vital to a successful pregnancy, regulated by several hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, leptin, glucocorticoid, insulin, prostaglandin, and others. Endocrine stress during pregnancy can modulate nutrient availability from mother to fetus, alter fetoplacental growth and reproductive functions. Endocrine disrupters such as bisphenols (BPs) and phthalates are exposed in our daily life's highest volume. Therefore, they are extensively scrutinized for their effects on metabolism, steroidogenesis, insulin signaling, and inflammation involving obesity, diabetes, and the reproductive system. BPs have their structural similarity to 17-β estradiol and their ability to bind as an agonist or antagonist to estrogen receptors to elicit an adverse response to the function of the endocrine and reproductive system. While adults can negate the adverse effects of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), fetuses do not equip themselves with enzymatic machinery to catabolize their conjugates. Therefore, EDC exposure makes the fetoplacental developmental window vulnerable to programming in utero. On the one hand prenatal BPs and phthalates exposure can impair the structure and function of the ovary and uterus, resulting in placental vascular defects, inappropriate placental expression of angiogenic growth factors due to altered hypothalamic response, expression of nutrient transporters, and epigenetic changes associated with maternal endocrine stress. On the other, their exposure during pregnancy can affect the offspring's metabolic, endocrine and reproductive functions by altering fetoplacental programming. This review highlights the latest development in maternal metabolic and endocrine modulations from exposure to estrogenic mimic chemicals on subcellular and transgenerational changes in placental development and its effects on fetal growth, size, and metabolic & reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikanth Varma
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Zeng JP, Zhang J, Zhou NN, Shen HY, Hong GY. The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2023; 25:1564-1577. [PMID: 37646127 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cosmetic additives (ADDs) and packaging plasticizers (PLAs) probably present potential risks and dangers to the environment and human body as emerging pollutants. To investigate their potential risks and dangers, five ADDs including methyl paraben (MET), ethyl paraben (ETH), propyl paraben (PRO), butyl-hydroxy anisole (BHA), and salicylic acid (SAL), as well as three PLAs including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) were selected as research objects, and ten mixture rays (R1-R10) composed of the eight components were designed by the uniform design ray (UD-Ray) method. The toxicities of the eight cosmetic pollutants and their eight-component mixture system towards Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 (Q67) were systematically determined by the time-dependent microplate toxicity analysis (t-MTA) method. The three-dimensional (3D) surface of deviation from the concentration addition model (dCA) was utilized to qualitatively and quantitatively analyse the toxicity interaction of the mixtures and the correlation between toxicity interaction and the components' concentration ratios. Finally, eight individual pollutants and representative rays with significant inhibitory and interactive effects were selected to analyse DNA and soluble proteolysis as well as the microstructure and morphology of Q67 after treatment with single chemicals and their mixtures. The results showed that the eight cosmetic pollutants had conspicuous concentration-dependent toxicity and acute toxicity, and none of them, except BPS, BPA and ETH, had time-dependent toxicity. All rays had time/concentration-dependent toxicity and acute toxicity. At the same time, the toxicity interaction of these mixture rays was predominantly antagonism and the strongest antagonism appeared at high concentrations at 12 h. Nevertheless, the components' concentration ratio (pi) was the decisive factor for the type of mixture interaction. The correlation analysis revealed a significant positive linear correlation between mixture toxicity and pETH and pBPA, which indicated that ETH and BPA were the key components of the toxic effects. However, there was a significant negative linear correlation between the antagonism intensity and pBPA and pTBEP, which demonstrated that BPA and TBEP were the key components of the antagonism intensity. Pollutants and their mixtures can also damage cellular structures, and mixtures can exacerbate the dissolution of DNA and soluble proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Na-Na Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Hui-Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Gui-Yun Hong
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
- College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
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Zhang R, Guo J, Wang Y, Sun R, Dong G, Wang X, Du G. Prenatal bisphenol S exposure induces hepatic lipid deposition in male mice offspring through downregulation of adipose-derived exosomal miR-29a-3p. J Hazard Mater 2023; 453:131410. [PMID: 37088024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The increased usage of bisphenol S (BPS) results in wide distribution in pregnant women. In this study, pregnant mice were given multiple-dose BPS during gestation. Results showed that prenatal BPS exposure (50 μg/kg/day) induced increased weight gain, dyslipidemia, higher liver triglyceride (TG), adipocyte hypertrophy, and hepatic lipid deposition in male offspring. Exosomes play important roles in regulating lipid metabolism. Here, serum exosomes and adipose miRNA sequencing of male offspring indicated a remarkable decrease in miR-29a-3p expression. To clarify whether adipocyte-derived exosomes mediate hepatic lipid deposition, exosomes were extracted from BPS-treated adipocytes and co-cultured with hepatocytes. These exosomes could be taken up by hepatocytes and promoted lipid deposition, and notably, exosomal miR-29a-3p was downregulated. Furthermore, miR-29a-3p knockdown in adipocyte-derived exosomes promoted hepatocyte lipid deposition, whereas overexpression led to the opposite effect. Also, the role of miR-29a-3p was demonstrated in hepatocytes by overexpressing or knocking it down. Subsequent studies have shown that miR-29a-3p can promote lipid deposition by directly targeting Col4a1. Taken together, prenatal BPS exposure could lead to lower miR-29a-3p yield in adipocyte-derived exosomes and decrease miR-29a-3p content transported to hepatocytes, which further negatively regulate Col4a1 and promote hepatic lipid deposition. Our findings provided clues to maternal environmental exposure-induced liver metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Immunology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Jingyao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rundong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guangzhu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Baijiahu Community Health Service Center, Moling Street, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211102, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Khan MA, Afshan K, Chaudhry U, Firasat S, Sargison ND. Histopathology and antibody responses describe the seasonal pattern of dicrocoeliosis in small ruminants in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. Vet Parasitol 2023; 320:109975. [PMID: 37343459 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.109975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In some parts of the world, Dicrocoelium spp. lancet flukes cause significant production loss in pastoral livestock, and accurate diagnosis of infection is important. The aims of the present study were to describe the histopathology and to investigate the transmission patterns of Dicrocoelium amongst ten sheep and goat farms in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. The liver histology and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses followed standard procedures. The liver histopathology showed intensive tissue destruction and biliary hyperplasia associated with presence of adult flukes, severe inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion of blood vessels, damaged hepatocytes, and sinusoids in the infected areas. The time of onset of infection was investigated by ELISA detection of antibodies in sheep (n = 164) and goats (n = 152). Colostral transfer of Dicrocoelium antibodies from seropositive mothers was detected in sheep and goats up to 16 weeks of age. In both sheep and goats, the estimated time of infection differed between farms and years. Infection was seen in both sheep flocks and goat herds, with high variation between flocks and herds, and the highest infection rate in lambs. Dicrocoelium infection was most prevalent in sheep and goats in September (n = 84) and August (n = 63) respectively. This study concluded Dicrocoelium causes severe inflammation and necrosis of liver tissues in sheep and goats. Colostral transfer of antibodies can be detected up to about ten weeks of age. Higher infection rates are observed during August and September in sheep than in goats, putatively due to effects of different grazing and browsing behaviors on the ingestion of ants. The results will aid in the development of effective disease control strategies to ensure optimal growth and productivity of sheep and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Khan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Afshan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Umer Chaudhry
- School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University True Blue, St. George's Grenada, Caribbean, Grenada
| | - Sabika Firasat
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Neil D Sargison
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK.
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Lebachelier de la Riviere ME, Wu L, Gayet M, Bousquet M, Buron C, Vignault C, Téteau O, Desmarchais A, Maillard V, Uzbekova S, Guérif F, Lacroix M, Papillier P, Jarrier-Gaillard P, Binet A, Elis S. Cumulative and potential synergistic effects of seven different bisphenols on human granulosa cells in vitro? Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121818. [PMID: 37182577 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol (BP) structural analogues of BPA are widely used. Previous studies showed similar effects of BPA and BPS on reproduction in several species including human. We hypothesised that the similar effects of several bisphenols (BPs) could accumulate in granulosa cells (GCs) and affects steroidogenesis. This study investigated the effects of seven BP analogues and their equimolar cocktail on human granulosa cells (hGC) and assessed BPA, BPS, BPF and BPAF level exposures in the follicular fluid of 277 women undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology. The hGCs were recovered after women oocyte punctures and treated with the seven BP analogues (BPS, BPA, BPAF, BPF, BPAP, BPE and BPB) or their equimolar cocktail of 7 × 1.43 or 7 × 7.14 μM for each of the seven BPs, the sum of BPs reaching 10 ("∑BPs 10 μM"), or 50 μM ("∑BPs 50 μM"), respectively. Oestradiol and progesterone secretion, cell proliferation, viability and expression of steroidogenic enzymes were investigated. Progesterone secretion was decreased by 6 BPs 10 μM and the cocktail "∑BPs 10 μM", (-17.8 to -41.3%) and by all seven BPs 50 μM and "∑BPs 50 μM" (-21.8 to -84.2%). Oestradiol secretion was decreased only by 50 μM BPAF and BPAP (-37.8% and -44%, respectively), with corresponding decreases in CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 gene expression. Cellular proliferation was decreased after treatment with 50 μM BPAF (-32.2%), BPAP (-29%), BPB (-24%) and the equimolar cocktail "∑BPs 50 μM" (-33.1%). BPB (50 μM) and the cocktail "∑BPs 50 μM" increased HSD3B2 mRNA expression. At least one BP was detected in 64 of 277 (23.1%) women follicular fluids. Similar effects of the seven BPs or their cocktail were observed on progesterone secretion and/or on cell proliferation, suggesting cumulative effects of BPs. Our results highlight the urge to consider all BPs simultaneously and to further investigate the potential additive or synergistic effects of several BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luyao Wu
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Manon Gayet
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Marie Bousquet
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Charlotte Buron
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Claire Vignault
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ophélie Téteau
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Desmarchais
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Virginie Maillard
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Svetlana Uzbekova
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Fabrice Guérif
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France; Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU de Tours, 37000, Tours, France
| | - Marlène Lacroix
- Therapeutic Innovations and Resistance (INTHERES), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Papillier
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Aurélien Binet
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France; Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, CHU Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, 86000, Poitiers, France
| | - Sebastien Elis
- PRC, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
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Yue H, Tian Y, Wu X, Yang X, Xu P, Zhu H, Sang N. Exploration of the damage and mechanisms of BPS exposure on the uterus and ovary of adult female mice. Sci Total Environ 2023; 868:161660. [PMID: 36690098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS) has been followed with interest for its endocrine disrupting effects, but exploration on the reproductive system of adult females is lack of deep investigation. In the present study, adult female CD-1 mice were treated with BPS for 28 days at 300 μg/kg/day. After that, uteruses and ovaries were harvested for histopathological examination, RNA-seq analysis, and diseases risk prediction. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining results showed significant histological alterations in the uterus and ovary of the BPS-exposed mice. Bioinformatics analysis of the RNA-seq screened a certain number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both uterus and ovary between BPS group and their corresponding vehicle control groups (Veh), respectively. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs found that hormone metabolism and immunoinflammatory related pathways were enriched. Disease risk evaluation of the hub genes was performed and the results indicated that diseases associated with uterus and ovary were mainly related to tumors and cancers. Further pan cancer and ovarian cancer survival analysis based on human diseases database pointed out, Foxa1, Gata3, S100a8 and Shh for uterus, Itgam, Dhcr7, Fdps, Hmgcr, Hsd11b1, Hsd3b1, Ptges, F3, Fn1, Ptger4 and Srd5a1 for ovary were significant correlation with cancer. The findings suggest that BPS causes some histopathological changes, alters the expressions of hub genes, enhances uterine and ovarian tumors or even cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Yuchai Tian
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Pengchong Xu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Huizhen Zhu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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8
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Li JZ, Zhou SM, Yuan WB, Chen HQ, Zeng Y, Fan J, Zhang Z, Wang N, Cao J, Liu WB. RNA binding protein YTHDF1 mediates bisphenol S-induced Leydig cell damage by regulating the mitochondrial pathway of BCL2 and the expression of CDK2-CyclinE1. Environ Pollut 2023; 321:121144. [PMID: 36702435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS) causes reproductive adverse effects on humans and animals. However, the detailed mechanism is still unclear. This research aimed to clarify the role of RNA binding protein YTHDF1 in Leydig cell damage induced by BPS. The mouse TM3 Leydig cells were exposed to BPS of 0, 20, 40, and 80 μmol/L for 72 h. Results showed that TM3 Leydig cells apoptosis rate markedly increased in BPS exposure group. Meanwhile, the apoptosis-related molecule BCL2 protein level decreased significantly, and Caspase9, Caspase3, and BAX increased significantly. Moreover, the cell cycle was blocked in the G1/S phase, CDK2 and CyclinE1 were considerably down-regulated in BPS exposure groups, and the protein level of RNA binding protein YTHDF1 decreased sharply. Furthermore, after overexpression of YTHDF1, the cell viability significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate significantly decreased in TM3 Leydig cells. In the meantime, BCL2, CDK2, and CyclinE1 were significantly up-regulated, and BAX, Caspase9, and Caspase3 were significantly down-regulated. Conversely, interference with YTHDF1 decreased cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Importantly, overexpression of YTHDF1 alleviated the cell viability decrease induced by BPS, and interference with YTHDF1 exacerbated the situation. RIP assays showed that the binding of YTHDF1 to CDK2, CyclinE1, and BCL2 significantly increased after overexpressing YTHDF1. Collectively, our study suggested that YTHDF1 plays an essential role in BPS-induced TM3 Leydig cell damage by regulating CDK2-CyclinE1 and BCL2 mitochondrial pathway at the translational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhi Li
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shi-Meng Zhou
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Wen-Bo Yuan
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Chen
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China; Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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9
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Morimoto S, Solís‐Lemus E, Jiménez‐Vivanco J, Castellanos‐Ruiz D, Díaz‐Díaz E, Mendoza‐Rodríguez CA. Maternal perinatal exposure to bisphenol S induces an estrogenic like effect in glucose homeostasis in male offspring. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:2189-2200. [PMID: 35596937 PMCID: PMC9543293 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS) has been introduced into the industry as a safer alternative to bisphenol A (BPA). However, the recent studies have reported a possible association between BPS and disturbed glucose homeostasis, indicating that it may be a risk factor for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the role of BPS in glucose metabolism remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the glucose metabolism of male Wistar rats born from dams that were BPS-exposed (groups: BPS-L (0.05 mg/kg/day), BPS-H (20 mg/kg/day)) during pregnancy and lactation. We observed that both BPS treated groups of animals presented a significant decrease in anogenital distance/weight1/3 , as compared to control animals, although no alterations in testosterone levels were observed. Furthermore, the BPS-L group presented a significant decrease in body weight from postnatal day (PND) 21 to adult stage. In addition, a significant increase in glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cell proliferation, the frequency of small islets, and the average β-cell size at PND 36 was observed in this group. However, no changes in insulin serum levels and percentage of β-cells were recorded. Furthermore, these changes were not preserved at the adult stage (PND 120). The results suggest that the administration of low doses of BPS during the perinatal period induced an estrogenic like effect, with males apparently becoming more female-like in their responses to a glucose challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiko Morimoto
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Edgar Solís‐Lemus
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Jesica Jiménez‐Vivanco
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Dafne Castellanos‐Ruiz
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Eulises Díaz‐Díaz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránCiudad de MéxicoMexico
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10
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Brouard V, Drouault M, Elie N, Guénon I, Hanoux V, Bouraïma-Lelong H, Delalande C. Effects of bisphenol A and estradiol in adult rat testis after prepubertal and pubertal exposure. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 111:211-224. [PMID: 35700937 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, male fertility has been decreasing worldwide. Many studies attribute this outcome to endocrine disruptors exposure such as bisphenol A (BPA), which is a chemical compound used in plastics synthesis and exhibiting estrogenic activity. In order to assess how the window of exposure modulates the effects of BPA on the testis, prepubertal (15 dpp to 30 dpp) and pubertal (60 dpp to 75 dpp) male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to BPA (50 µg/kg bw/day), 17-β-estradiol (E2) (20 µg/kg bw/day) as a positive control, or to a combination of these compounds. For both periods of exposure, the rats were sacrificed and their testes were collected at 75 dpp. The histological analysis and the quantification of the gene expression of testis cell markers by RT-qPCR confirmed the complete spermatogenesis in all groups for both periods of exposure. However, our results suggest a deleterious effect of BPA on the blood-testis barrier in adults after pubertal exposure as BPA and BPA+E2 treatments induced a decrease in caveolin-1 and connexin-43 gene expression; which are proteins of the junctional complexes. As none of these effects were found after a prepubertal exposure, these results suggested the reversibility of BPA's effects. Caution must be taken when transposing this finding to humans and further studies are needed in this regard. However, from a regulatory perspective, this study emphasizes the importance of taking into account different periods of exposure, as they present different sensitivities to BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Elie
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, SF 4206 ICORE, CMABIO3, 14000 Caen, France
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11
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Kortenkamp A, Scholze M, Ermler S, Priskorn L, Jørgensen N, Andersson AM, Frederiksen H. Combined exposures to bisphenols, polychlorinated dioxins, paracetamol, and phthalates as drivers of deteriorating semen quality. Environ Int 2022; 165:107322. [PMID: 35691715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semen quality in men continues to decline in Western countries, but the contours of the issue remain obscure, in relation to contributing chemicals. OBJECTIVES To obtain more clarity about the chemicals that drive the deterioration of semen quality, we conducted a mixture risk assessment based on European exposures. METHODS We included chemicals capable of affecting semen quality after prenatal exposures, among them androgen receptor antagonists, substances that disrupt prostaglandin signalling, suppress testosterone synthesis, inhibit steroidogenic enzymes or activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. We employed the Hazard Index approach (HI), based on risk quotients of exposures in Europe and reference doses for reductions in semen quality. By summing up the risk quotients of the 29 chemicals included in the assessment we examined fold-exceedances of "acceptable" mixture exposures relative to an index value of 1. For bisphenols A, F, S, phthalates DEHP, DnBP, BBzP, DiNP, n-butyl paraben and paracetamol we relied on biomonitoring studies in which these 9 chemicals were measured together in the same subjects. This allowed us to construct personalised Hazard Indices. RESULTS Highly exposed subjects experienced combined exposures to the 9 chemicals that exceeded the index value of 1 by more than 100-fold; the median was a 17-fold exceedance. Accounting for median background exposures to the remaining 20 chemicals added a Hazard Index of 1.39. Bisphenol A made the largest contribution to the HI, followed by polychlorinated dioxins, bisphenols S and F and DEHP. Eliminating bisphenol A alone would still leave unacceptably high mixture risks. Paracetamol is also a driver of mixture risks among subjects using the drug. CONCLUSIONS Tolerable exposures to substances associated with deteriorations of semen quality are exceeded by a large margin. Bisphenols, polychlorinated dioxins, phthalates and analgesics drive these risks. Dedicated efforts towards lowering exposures to these substances are necessary to mitigate risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kortenkamp
- Brunel University London, Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Martin Scholze
- Brunel University London, Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Sibylle Ermler
- Brunel University London, Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Lærke Priskorn
- Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous chemical compound constantly being released into the environment, making it one of the most persistent endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) in nature. This EDC has already been associated with developing various pathologies, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular, renal, and behavioral complications, among others. Therefore, over the years, BPA has been replaced, gradually, by its analog compounds. However, these compounds are structurally similar to BPA, so, in recent years, questions have been raised concerning their safety for human health. Numerous investigations have been performed to determine the effects BPA substitutes may cause, particularly during pregnancy and prenatal life. On the other hand, studies investigating the association of these compounds with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been developed. In this sense, this review summarizes the existing literature on the transgenerational transfer of BPA substitutes and the consequent effects on maternal and offspring health following prenatal exposure. In addition, these compounds' effects on the cardiovascular system and the susceptibility to develop CVD will be presented. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the need to investigate further the safety and benefits, or hazards, associated with replacing BPA with its analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Abrantes-Soares
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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13
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Ding ZM, Chen YW, Ahmad MJ, Wang YS, Yang SJ, Duan ZQ, Liu M, Yang CX, Liang AX, Hua GH, Huo LJ. Bisphenol F exposure affects mouse oocyte in vitro maturation through inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:1413-1422. [PMID: 35218298 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF), a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), is progressively used to manufacture various consumer products. Despite the established reproductive toxicity of BPF, the underlying mechanisms remain to elucidate. This in-vitro study deep in sighted the BPF toxicity on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and quality. After treating oocytes with BPF (300 μM), the oocyte meiotic progression was blocked, accentuated by a reduced rate in the first polar body extrusion (PBE). Next, we illustrated that BPF induced α-tubulin hyper-acetylation disrupted the spindle assembly and chromosome alignment. Concurrently, BPF resulted in severe oxidative stress and DNA damage, which triggered the early apoptosis in mouse oocytes. Further, altered epigenetic modifications following BPF exposure were proved by increased H3K27me3 levels. Concerning the toxic effects on spindle structure, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in mouse oocytes, BPF toxicity was less severe to oocyte maturation and spindle structure than BPA and induced low oxidative stress. However, compared with BPA, oocytes treated with BPF were more prone to DNA damage, indicating not less intense or even more severe toxic effects of BPF than BPA on some aspects of oocytes maturation. In brief, the present study established that like wise to BPA, BPF could inhibit meiotic maturation and reduce oocyte quality, suggesting it is not a safe substitute for BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Jamil Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Ji Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Qun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ai-Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Hua Hua
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Li HM, Li YY, Zhang YC, Li JB, Xu HM, Xiong YM, Qin ZF. Bisphenol B disrupts testis differentiation partly via the estrogen receptor-mediated pathway and subsequently causes testicular dysgenesis in Xenopus laevis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 236:113453. [PMID: 35390692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern about adverse effects of bisphenol A alternatives including bisphenol B (BPB) due to their estrogenic activity. However, limited data are available concerning the influences of BPB on male reproductive development in vertebrates, especially in amphibians, which are believed to be susceptible to estrogenic chemicals. The present study investigated the effects of 10, 100 and 1000 nM BPB (2.42, 24.2 and 242 μg/L) on testis development in Xenopus laevis, a model amphibian species for studying gonadal feminization. We found that exposure to BPB from stages 45/46 to 52 resulted in down-regulation of testis-biased gene expression and up-regulation of ovary-biased gene and vitellogenin (vtgb1) expression in gonad-mesonephros complexes (GMCs) of tadpoles at stage 52, coupled with suppressed cell proliferation in testes and reduced gonadal metameres, resembling the effects of 17ß-estradiol. Moreover, an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182780 antagonized BPB-caused up-regulation of ovary-biased gene and vtgb1 expression to some degree, indicating that the effects of BPB on X. laevis testis differentiation could be partly mediated by ER. All observations demonstrate that early exposure to BPB inhibited testis differentiation and exerted certain feminizing effects during gonadal differentiation. When exposure was extended to post-metamorphosis, testes exhibited histological and morphological abnormalities including segmented, discontinuous and fragmented shapes, besides altered sex-dimorphic gene expression. Notably, most of BPB-caused alterations were not concentration-dependent, but the lowest concentration indeed exerted significant effects. Overall, our study for the first time reveals that low concentrations of BPB can disrupt testis differentiation partly due to its estrogenic activity and subsequently cause testicular dysgenesis after metamorphosis, highlighting its reproductive risk to amphibians and other vertebrates including humans. Our finding also implies that estrogenic chemicals-caused testis differentiation inhibition at tadpole stages could predict later testicular dysgenesis after metamorphosis, meaning a possibility of early detection of abnormal testis development caused by estrogenic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying-Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jin-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai-Ming Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yi-Ming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhan-Fen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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15
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Lee S, An KS, Kim HJ, Noh HJ, Lee J, Lee J, Song KS, Chae C, Ryu HY. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity evaluation following oral exposure to bisphenol F. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1711-1728. [PMID: 35376969 PMCID: PMC9095523 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol F is a substitute material for bisphenol A and is widely used in household products as a raw material for polycarbonate resin, epoxy resin, and plastic reinforcement. It is known to be mainly used in food containers, thermal paper for receipts, and coatings for water pipes. In some countries, bisphenol F has been detected in drinking water and human urine samples. However, due to the lack of safety evaluation data on bisphenol F, it is difficult to establish appropriate guidelines for the proper use of the substance, and social anxiety is increasing accordingly. This study investigated the use, exposure route, and distribution flow of bisphenol F, a household chemical. To determine the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) and target organ of bisphenol F after exposure, a single-dose oral toxicity, dose-range finding (28 day oral), repeated dose toxicity (90 day oral), and genotoxicity (reverse mutation, chromosomal abnormality, in vivo micronucleus test) tests were performed. The pharmacokinetic profile was also obtained. The test results are as follows: in the pharmacokinetic study, it was confirmed that single oral exposure to BPF resulted in systemic exposure; in single oral dose toxicity test, the approximate lethal dose was found to be 4000 mg/kg and confusion and convulsion was shown in the test animals; NOAEL was determined to be 2 mg/kg/day for male and 5 mg/kg/day for female, and the no-observed-effect level (NOEL) was determined to be 2 mg/kg/day for males and 1 mg/kg/day for females, and the target organ was the small intestine; genotoxicity tests confirmed that BPF does not induce genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Lee
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Sup An
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Noh
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - JaeWon Lee
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Kyung Seuk Song
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Chae
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Yeol Ryu
- Bio Technology Division, GLP 2 Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories (KCL), 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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16
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Yang Y, Liu S, Shi P, Zhao G. A Highly Sensitive and Selective Label‐free Electrochemical Biosensor with a Wide Range of Applications for Bisphenol A Detection. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Siyao Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
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17
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Li J, Yin Z, Hua L, Wang X, Ren F, Ge Y. Evaluation of BPA effects on autophagy in Neuro-2a cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:151-161. [PMID: 35261310 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221076587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), which is used for the industrial production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, is found in many commercially available products. Plasticizer BPA produces chemical substances worldwide, and knowledge of its effects on humans and animals is increasing. In the present work, the morphology of cells was observed by optical microscopy and phalloidin staining to evaluate the toxic effect of BPA on Neuro-2a cells. Autophagy has an important role in the regulation of cell metabolism. To study the effect of BPA on the autophagy in Neuro-2a cells, the expression distribution of LC3 was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression levels of p62 and Beclin1 were determined using western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. Optical microscopy and phalloidin staining revealed that the cells became rounded and small and that the dendritic spine of the cells were reduced at high BPA doses. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that the expression of LC3 fluorescence intensity was weak at increasing BPA concentrations. Western blot results showed that the relative expression of protein p62 increased significantly and that the relative expression levels of the Beclin1 and the LC3 proteins significantly decreased with increasing BPA concentration. qRT-PCR results showed that the relative expression level of autophagy-related p62 mRNA increased significantly and that the relative expression level of Beclin1 mRNA decreased significantly with increasing BPA concentration. The above results indicated that BPA treatment exerted dose-dependent toxic effects on Neuro-2a cells, and BPA inhibited the autophagy level of Neuro-2a cells, thereby providing a new perspective in studying the toxic effect of BPA on Neuro-2a cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglong Li
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liushuai Hua
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fei Ren
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaming Ge
- School of Physical Education, 177560Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
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18
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Beausoleil C, Le Magueresse-Battistoni B, Viguié C, Babajko S, Canivenc-Lavier MC, Chevalier N, Emond C, Habert R, Picard-Hagen N, Mhaouty-Kodja S. Regulatory and academic studies to derive reference values for human health: The case of bisphenol S. Environ Res 2022; 204:112233. [PMID: 34688643 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The close structural analogy of bisphenol (BP) S with BPA, a recognized endocrine-disrupting chemical and a substance of very high concern in the European Union, highlights the need to assess the extent of similarities between the two compounds and carefully scrutinize BPS potential toxicity for human health. This analysis aimed to investigate human health toxicity data regarding BPS, to find a point of departure for the derivation of human guidance values. A systematic and transparent methodology was applied to determine whether European or international reference values have been established for BPS. In the absence of such values, the scientific literature on human health effects was evaluated by focusing on human epidemiological and animal experimental studies. The results were analyzed by target organ/system: male and female reproduction, mammary gland, neurobehavior, and metabolism/obesity. Academic experimental studies were analyzed and compared to regulatory data including subchronic studies and an extended one-generation and reproduction study. In contrast to the regulatory studies, which were performed at dose levels in the mg/kg bw/day range, the academic dataset on specific target organs or systems showed adverse effects for BPS at much lower doses (0.5-10 μg/kg bw/day). A large disparity between the lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) derived from regulatory and academic studies was observed for BPS, as for BPA. Toxicokinetic data on BPS from animal and human studies were also analyzed and showed a 100-fold higher oral bioavailability compared to BPA in a pig model. The similarities and differences between the two bisphenols, in particular the higher bioavailability of BPS in its active (non-conjugated) form and its potential impact on human health, are discussed. Based on the available experimental data, and for a better human protection, we propose to derive human reference values for exposure to BPS from the N(L)OAELs determined in academic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine Viguié
- Toxalim, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de l'Environnement (INRAE), Toulouse University, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (EIP), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, INSERM U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Claude Emond
- University of Montreal, School of Public Health, DSEST, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - René Habert
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, University Paris Diderot, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U 967 - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicole Picard-Hagen
- Toxalim, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de l'Environnement (INRAE), Toulouse University, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (EIP), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, 75005, Paris, France
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19
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Jung SK, Choi W, Kim SY, Hong S, Jeon HL, Joo Y, Lee C, Choi K, Kim S, Lee KJ, Yoo J. Profile of Environmental Chemicals in the Korean Population-Results of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3, 2015-2017. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19020626. [PMID: 35055445 PMCID: PMC8776061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) program provides useful information on chemical exposure, serves as the basis for environmental health policies, and suggests appropriate measures to protect public health. Initiated on a three-year cycle in 2009, it reports the concentrations of major environmental chemicals among the representative Korean population. KoNEHS Cycle 3 introduced children and adolescents into the analysis, where the blood and urine samples of 6167 participants were measured for major metals, phthalates, phenolics, and other organic compounds. Lead, mercury, cadmium, metabolites of DEHP and DnBP, and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels of the Korean adult population tended to decrease compared to previous survey cycles but remained higher than those observed in the US or Canada. Both bisphenol A (BPA) and trans,trans-muconic acid concentrations have increased over time. Heavy metal concentrations (blood lead, and cadmium) in children and adolescents were approximately half that of adults, while some organic substances (e.g., phthalates and BPA) were high. BPA showed higher levels than in the US or Canada, whereas BPF and BPS showed lower detection rates in this cycle; however, as these are increasingly used as a substitute for BPA, further research is necessary. As environmental chemicals may affect childhood health and development, additional analyses should assess exposure sources and routes through continuous observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyoung Jung
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Wookhee Choi
- Monitoring and Analysis Division, Wonju Regional Environmental Office, Ministry of Environment, Wonju 26461, Korea;
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Hye Li Jeon
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Youngkyung Joo
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Chulwoo Lee
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (K.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Kee-Jae Lee
- Department of Information Statistics and Data Science, College of Natural Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul 03087, Korea;
| | - Jiyoung Yoo
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.K.J.); (S.Y.K.); (S.H.); (H.L.J.); (Y.J.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-560-7103
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20
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Zhang W, Huang T, Sun Z, Kuang H, Yuan Y, Zou W, Liu F, Zhang F, Yang B, Wu L, Zhang D. Bisphenol S exposure induces cytotoxicity in mouse Leydig cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 160:112805. [PMID: 34990787 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS), an increasingly used alternative to bisphenol A, has been linked to testosterone deficiency and male reproductive dysfunction in laboratory animals. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity of BPS exposure to Leydig cells and to investigate its possible mechanisms. After treatment with BPS (100, 200 and 400 μM) for 48 h in vitro, TM3 mouse Leydig cells exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the viability. Furthermore, BPS challenge triggered oxidative stress manifested by compromised activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase with exaggerated formation of reactive oxygen species. Especially, BPS exposure resulted in augmented mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced ATP generation, along with an altered energy metabolism. Moreover, BPS stimulation enhanced BAX expression and caspase-3 activity and inhibited BCL-2 expression. In addition, BPS-treated TM3 cells showed an accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, together with increased Beclin1 and P62 expression and elevated LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio. These results demonstrated that in vitro exposure to BPS exerted cytotoxicity to TM3 Leydig cells through inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, autophagic disturbance and apoptosis.
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21
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Darghouthi M, Rezg R, Boughmadi O, Mornagui B. Low-dose bisphenol S exposure induces hypospermatogenesis and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats: A possible implication of StAR protein. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 107:104-111. [PMID: 34838688 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of environmental chemicals/xenobiotics including bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to cause male reproductive dysfunctions and infertility. Recently, bisphenol S (BPS) replaces BPA, in several products, including foodstuffs, under the BPA-free label. However, several studies have raised inquietude about the potential adverse effects of BPS. The present study was conducted to evaluate sperm parameters, biochemical parameters, mitochondrial function, and histopathological patterns after post-lactation BPS exposure at a low dose. Male rats (21 days old) were exposed to water containing BPS at 50 μg/L in drinking water for 10 weeks. Results showed no significant alteration in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and relative reproductive organs weight. However, a significant reduction in epididymal sperm parameters (number, viability, and mobility) with morphological abnormalities were observed in the BPS group compared to control. An increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) level accompanied by antioxidant defense alteration particularly, in glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as a defective mitochondrial function were observed in testicular tissues of BPS treated rats. More importantly, in histopathological diagnosis, BPS treatment induces hypospermatogenesis and alteration in Sertoli cells. In silico docking studies illustrated BPS binds with steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein thereby affecting the transport of cholesterol into mitochondria resulting in decreased steroidogenesis. These results reflect a reprotoxic effect of BPS vould potentially lead to fertility reduction, in sexually maturity age. We highlighted that post-lactation exposure to BPS, equivalent in humans to the period covering childhood and adolescent stages, disrupt male reproduction function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malek Darghouthi
- LR18ES36, University of Gabes, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Raja Rezg
- BIOLIVAL LR-14ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Boughmadi
- BIOLIVAL LR-14ES06, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Bessem Mornagui
- LR18ES36, University of Gabes, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia.
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22
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Zhang H, Yang R, Shi W, Zhou X, Sun S. The association between bisphenol A exposure and oxidative damage in rats/mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118444. [PMID: 34742820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies reported that BPA could cause oxidative damage to different tissues in rats/mice. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of BPA exposure on oxidative damage in rats/mice. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from their inception date until July 18, 2020. 20 eligible articles were included in this study. The results showed that BPA could significantly increase the level of MDA (SMD, 16.88; 95%CI, 12.06-21.71), but there was a significant reduction in the contents of antioxidants, such as GR (-10.46, -13.91 ∼ -7.02), CAT (-8.48, -11.66 ∼ -5.30), GPx (-9.37, -11.95 ∼ -6.80), GST (-7.59, -14.51 ∼ -0.67), GSH (-10.64, -13.96 ~ -7.33), and SOD (-6.48, -8.37 ∼ -4.58) in rats/mice. Our study provided clear evidence that BPA exposure could significantly induce oxidative damage in rats/mice. And we also found that the degree of oxidative damage was related to BPA dose, target tissue, intervention means, and exposure duration of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Wanying Shi
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Suju Sun
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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23
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Zulkifli S, Rahman AA, Kadir SHSA, Nor NSM. Bisphenol A and its effects on the systemic organs of children. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:3111-3127. [PMID: 33893858 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For the past two decades, growing research has been pointing to multiple repercussions of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to human health. BPA is a synthetic oestrogen which primarily targets the endocrine system; however, the compound also disturbs other systemic organ functions, in which the magnitude of impacts in those other systems is as comparable to those in the endocrine system. To date, the discoveries on the association between BPA and health outcomes mainly came from animal and in vitro studies, with limited human studies which emphasised on children's health. In this comprehensive review, we summarised studies on human, in vivo and in vitro models to understand the consequences of pre-, post- and perinatal BPA exposure on the perinatal, children and adult health, encompassing cardiovascular, neurodevelopmental, endocrine and reproductive effects.Conclusion: Evidence from in vitro and animal studies may provide further support and better understanding on the correlation between environmental BPA exposure and its detrimental effects in humans and child development, despite the difficulties to draw direct causal relations of BPA effects on the pathophysiology of the diseases/syndromes in children, due to differences in body system complexity between children and adults, as well as between animal and in vitro models and humans. What is known: • Very limited reviews are available on how BPA adversely affects children's health. • Previous papers mainly covered two systems in children. What is new: • Comprehensive review on the detrimental effects of BPA on children health outcomes, including expectations on adult health outcomes following perinatal BPA exposure, as well as covering a small part of BPA alternatives. • Essentially, BPA exposure during pregnancy has huge impacts on the foetus in which it may cause changes in foetal epigenetic programming, resulting in disease onsets during childhood as well as adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zulkifli
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Amirah Abdul Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.,Institute for Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Noor Shafina Mohd Nor
- Institute for Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. .,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
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24
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Mentor A, Wänn M, Brunström B, Jönsson M, Mattsson A. Bisphenol AF and Bisphenol F Induce Similar Feminizing Effects in Chicken Embryo Testis as Bisphenol A. Toxicol Sci 2021; 178:239-250. [PMID: 33010167 PMCID: PMC7706397 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plastic component bisphenol A (BPA) impairs reproductive organ development in various experimental animal species. In birds, effects are similar to those caused by other xenoestrogens. Because of its endocrine disrupting activity, BPA is being substituted with other bisphenols in many applications. Using the chicken embryo model, we explored whether the BPA alternatives bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) can induce effects on reproductive organ development similar to those induced by BPA. Embryos were exposed in ovo from embryonic day 4 (E4) to vehicle, BPAF at 2.1, 21, 210, and 520 nmol/g egg, or to BPA, BPF, or BPS at 210 nmol/g egg and were dissected on embryonic day 19. Similar to BPA, BPAF and BPF induced testis feminization, manifested as eg testis-size asymmetry and ovarian-like cortex in the left testis. In the BPS-group, too few males were alive on day 19 to evaluate any effects on testis development. We found no effects by any treatment on ovaries or Müllerian ducts. BPAF and BPS increased the gallbladder-somatic index and BPAF, BPF and BPS caused increased embryo mortality. The overall lowest-observed-adverse-effect level for BPAF was 210 nmol/g egg based on increased mortality, increased gallbladder-somatic index, and various signs of testis feminization. This study demonstrates that the BPA replacements BPAF, BPF, and BPS are embryotoxic and suggests that BPAF is at least as potent as BPA in inducing estrogen-like effects in chicken embryos. Our results support the notion that these bisphenols are not safe alternatives to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mentor
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala (CRU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mimmi Wänn
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Brunström
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala (CRU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Jönsson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala (CRU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Mattsson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala (CRU), Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Kaimal A, Al Mansi MH, Dagher JB, Pope C, Varghese MG, Rudi TB, Almond AE, Cagle LA, Beyene HK, Bradford WT, Whisnant BB, Bougouma BDK, Rifai KJ, Chuang YJ, Campbell EJ, Mandal A, MohanKumar PS, MohanKumar SMJ. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols affects pregnancy outcomes and offspring development in rats. Chemosphere 2021; 276:130118. [PMID: 33714148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to low doses of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) on pregnancy outcomes and offspring development. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were orally dosed with vehicle, 5 μg/kg body weight (BW)/day of BPA, BPS and BPF, or 1 μg/kg BW/day of BPF on gestational days 6-21. Pregnancy and gestational outcomes, including number of abortions and stillbirths, were monitored. Male and female offspring were subjected to morphometry at birth, followed by pre- and post-weaning body weights, post-weaning food and water intakes, and adult organ weights. Ovarian follicular counts were also obtained from adult female offspring. We observed spontaneous abortions in over 80% of dams exposed to 5 μg/kg of BPF. BPA exposure increased Graafian follicles in female offspring, while BPS and BPF exposure decreased the number of corpora lutea, suggesting reduced ovulation rates. Moreover, BPA exposure increased male kidney and prostate gland weights, BPF decreased epididymal adipose tissue weights, and BPS had modest effects on male abdominal adipose tissue weights. Prenatal BPS exposure reduced anogenital distance (AGD) in male offspring, suggesting possible feminization, whereas both BPS and BPA induced oxidative stress in the testes. These results indicate that prenatal exposure to BPF affects pregnancy outcomes, BPS alters male AGD, and all three bisphenols alter certain organ weights in male offspring and ovarian function in female offspring. Altogether, it appears that prenatal exposure to BPA or its analogues can induce reproductive toxicity even at low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Kaimal
- Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Maryam H Al Mansi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Josephine Bou Dagher
- Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Catherine Pope
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Marissa G Varghese
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Thomas B Rudi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Ansley E Almond
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Loren A Cagle
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Hermela K Beyene
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - William T Bradford
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Benjamin B Whisnant
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Baobsom D K Bougouma
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Karim J Rifai
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Yen-Jun Chuang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Elyssa J Campbell
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Abhyuday Mandal
- Department of Statistics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Puliyur S MohanKumar
- Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA
| | - Sheba M J MohanKumar
- Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, Neuroscience Division, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA; Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, USA.
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Jeminiwa BO, Knight RC, Abbot KL, Pondugula SR, Akingbemi BT. Gonadal sex steroid hormone secretion after exposure of male rats to estrogenic chemicals and their combinations. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 533:111332. [PMID: 34038751 PMCID: PMC9310441 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals can interfere with the endocrine axis hence they are classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Bisphenol S (BPS) is used in the manufacture of consumer products because of its superior thermal stability and is thought to be a safe replacement chemical for its analog bisphenol A (BPA). However, the safety profile of these compounds alone or in the presence of other EDCs is yet to be fully investigated. Also, the estrogenic chemical 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and a constituent of female oral contraceptives for women, is present in water supplies. To simulate concurrent exposure of the population to chemical mixtures, we investigated the effects of BPA, BPS, EE2, and their combinations on sex steroid secretion in the growing male rat gonad. Prepubertal and pubertal male rats at 21 and 35 days of age were provided test chemicals in drinking water (parts per billion) for 14 days. At termination of exposure, some individual chemical effects were modified by exposure to chemical combinations. Single chemical exposures markedly decreased androgen secretion but their combination (e.g., BPA + BPS + EE2) caused the opposite effect, i.e., increased Leydig cell T secretion. Also, the test chemicals acting alone or in combination increased testicular and Leydig cell 17β-estradiol (E2) secretion. Chemical-induced changes in T and E2 secretion were associated with altered testicular expression of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage (Cyp11a1) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Hsd17β) enzyme protein. Additional studies are warranted to understand the mechanisms by which single and chemical combinations impact function of testicular cells and disrupt their paracrine regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O Jeminiwa
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - R C Knight
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - K L Abbot
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - S R Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - B T Akingbemi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Kim JY, Shin GS, Kim CH, Kim MJ, An MJ, Lee HM, Kim JW. The cytotoxic effects of bisphenol A alternatives in human lung fibroblast MRC5 cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00133-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ren X, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang T, Li G, Zhou X, Su S, Zhang W, Qin C, Wang S. Evaluation of post-adolescence exposure to bisphenol A on reproductive outcomes of male rodent models. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 101:124-136. [PMID: 33757772 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The effect of post-adolescence bisphenol A (BPA) exposure on the reproductive system is not well-defined. We therefore performed this meta-analysis to elucidate the associations between post-adolescence BPA exposure and reproductive-related outcomes. A search was performed on the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of science databases to identify relevant literature. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) and the 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were measured by fixed-effects or random-effects models. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression test. A total of 40 studies were included in the final analysis. The results showed that post-adolescence BPA exposure was negatively associated with reproductive-related organ weighty (Testis weight: SMD: -0.61; 95 % Cl: -0.85, -0.36; epididymis weight; SMD: -0.43; 95 % Cl: -0.69, -0.17; seminal vesicles weight; SMD: -0.77; 95 % Cl: -1.05, -0.49) and sperm parameters (Sperm motility: SMD: -1.44; 95 % Cl: -1.95, -0.93; epididymal sperm concentration: SMD: -2.26; 95 % Cl: -2.79, -1.72; and abnormal sperm morphology: SMD: 2.41; 95 % Cl: 1.41, 2.86). Moreover, BPA exposure decreased the level of testosterone (T) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), but increased the ratio of serum estradiol (E2) to T. This systematic review demonstrates that post-adolescence exposure to BPA may adversely affect reproductive functions in male rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Ren
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xinglin Chen
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Shifeng Su
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China.
| | - Shangqian Wang
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210000, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Jang Y, Choi YJ, Lim YH, Lee KS, Kim BN, Shin CH, Lee YA, Kim JI, Hong YC. Associations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A, F, and S in 6-Year-old Children in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 2021; 54:37-45. [PMID: 33618498 PMCID: PMC7939752 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.20.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the electrical, mechanical, medical, and food industries. Previous studies have suggested that BPA is an endocrine disruptor. Regulation of BPA has led to increased use of bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS). However, few studies have investigated the associations of BPF and BPS with thyroid dysfunction in children. Our study investigated the associations of prenatal BPA and early childhood BPA, BPF, and BPS exposure with thyroid function in 6-year-old children. METHODS Prenatal BPA concentrations were measured during the second trimester of pregnancy in an established prospective birth cohort. We measured urinary BPA, BPF, and BPS concentrations and thyroid hormone levels (thyroid-stimulating hormone, total T3, and free T4) in 6-year-old children (n=574). We examined the associations between urinary bisphenol concentrations and percentage change of thyroid hormone concentrations using multivariate linear regression. We also compared thyroid hormone levels by dividing the cohort according to BPA, BPF, and BPS concentrations. RESULTS The associations between prenatal BPA and total T3 levels were statistically significant in all models, except for girls when using a crude model. The associations between urinary BPA and BPS concentrations and levels of all thyroid hormones were not statistically significant. However, we observed that lower free T4 levels (-1.94%; 95% confidence interval, -3.82 to -0.03) were associated with higher urinary BPF concentrations in girls only. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identified significant associations between prenatal BPA exposure and total T3 levels in all children and between BPF exposure and free T4 levels in girls only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonyoung Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kyung-Shin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abdel-Wahab A, Hassanin KMA, Ibrahim SS, El-Kossi DMMH, Abdel-Razik ARH. Developmental Programming: Physiological Impacts of Prenatal Melatonin Administration on Reproductive Capacity and Serum Triiodothyronine of Adult Female Offspring Rat Born to Moms Exposed to Bisphenol A During Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1956-1966. [PMID: 33469879 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gestational bisphenol A (BPA) exposure induced multiple programmed diseases in the adult offsprings. Thus, this study targeted exploring the physiological impacts of melatonin (MEL) as a reprogramming strategy against in utero BPA exposure on reproductive capacity of adult F1 female rat offspring. Forty adult pregnant albino female rats were divided equally into 5 groups (n = 8): group I (control), group II (low-dose BPA; 25 μg BPA/kg B.w.t.), group III (low-dose BPA + 10 mg MEL/kg B.w.t.), group IV (high-dose BPA; 250 μg/kg B.w.t.), and group V (high-dose BPA + MEL). Treatments were given daily by subcutaneous (s/c) injection from the fourth day of pregnancy until full term. After delivery, female offspring were selected, and on postnatal day 60, adult offspring were examined for estrus regularity and then were sacrificed at estrus to collect blood and tissue samples. Findings clarified that in utero BPA exposure (both doses) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the ovarian weights and the serum levels of estrogen but decreased that of triiodothyronine (T3) compared to control groups. Significant increasing of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also detected. Both doses of BPA disturbed remarkably the estrus cycles and caused marked aberrations in ovarian and uterine tissues. Interestingly, prenatal MEL co-treatment with BPA mitigated significantly all of these degenerative changes. Thus, this study first demonstrated that prenatal MEL therapy could be used as a potent reprogramming intervention against BPA-induced reproductive disorders in the adult F1 female rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
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Bahelka I, Stupka R, Čítek J, Šprysl M. The impact of bisphenols on reproductive system and on offspring in pigs - A review 2011-2020. Chemosphere 2021; 263:128203. [PMID: 33297166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study summarizes the knowledge about effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues on reproduction of pigs and some parameters of their offspring during period 2011-2020. Bisphenols are known as one of the most harmful environmental toxicants with endocrine-disrupting properties. One study in the reference period related to male reproductive system. Treatment with an antagonist of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) - G15, and bisphenol A and its analogues, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrachromobisphenol A (TCBPA) diversely disrupted protein molecules controlling the biogenesis and function of microRNA in Leydig cells. Nine studies examined the effect of BPA, bisphenol S (BPS) or fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF) on female reproductive system. From the possible protective effect's point of view seems to be perspective the administration of melatonin in BPA-exposed oocytes. Finally, two studies were found to evaluate the maternal exposure to BPA on offspring's meat quality, muscle metabolism and oxidative stress. Administration of methyl donor improved antioxidant enzymes activity and reduced oxidative stress in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bahelka
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Stupka
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Čítek
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šprysl
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
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Taboureau O, El M'Selmi W, Audouze K. Integrative systems toxicology to predict human biological systems affected by exposure to environmental chemicals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 405:115210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pallotti F, Pelloni M, Gianfrilli D, Lenzi A, Lombardo F, Paoli D. Mechanisms of Testicular Disruption from Exposure to Bisphenol A and Phtalates. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E471. [PMID: 32046352 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Great attention has been paid in recent years to the harmful effects of various chemicals that interfere with our natural hormone balance, collectively known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) or endocrine disruptors. The effects on the reproductive system of bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates have received particular attention: while they have a short half-life, they are so widespread that human exposure can be considered as continuous. Evidence is often limited to the animal model, disregarding the likelihood of human exposure to a mixture of contaminants. Data from animal models show that maternal exposure probably has harmful effects on the male fetus, with an increased risk of urogenital developmental abnormalities. After birth, exposure is associated with changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, hindering the development and function of the male genital pathways through the mediation of inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress. The epidemiological and clinical evidence, while generally confirming the association between reproductive abnormalities and some phthalate esters and BPA, is more contradictory, with wildly different findings. The aim of this review is therefore to provide an update of the potential mechanisms of the damage caused by BPA and phthalates to reproductive function and a review of the clinical evidence currently available in the literature.
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a recognized xenoestrogen, in that it possesses oestrogenic and anti-androgenic properties. These endocrine-disrupting effects of BPA at the estrogen receptor (ER) occur despite the very low affinity of BPA for the ERβ, which is 10,000 times lower than that of 17-β estradiol, and despite the European regulatory authorities stating that BPA is safe, at usual exposure concentrations, the use of BPA in baby drink bottles was banned in 2011. There exists conflicting evidence from human epidemiological studies as to its influence on adult male reproductive function, although animal data is more convincing. This mini-review will report on the limited epidemiological data from human studies relating early life exposure to BPA on adult male reproductive function. A long term follow-up study from Western Australia using a birth cohort, the Raine Study, demonstrated no adverse associations of antenatal exposure to BPA, and potentially a positive association with antenatal BPA exposure with sperm concentration and motility at 20 years of age, although recent scientific reports suggest traditional measures of BPA exposure may underestimate exposure levels, which makes data interpretation potentially flawed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Claremont, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Roger J. Hart
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, mainly from the production and use of plastics and the degradation of wastes related to industrial plastics. Evidence from laboratory animal and human studies supports the view that BPA has an endocrine disrupting effect on Leydig cell development and function. To better understand the adverse effects of BPA, we reviewed its role and mechanism by analyzing rodent data in vivo and in vitro and human epidemiological evidence. BPA has estrogen and anti-androgen effects, thereby destroying the development and function of Leydig cells and causing related reproductive diseases such as testicular dysgenesis syndrome, delayed puberty, and subfertility/infertility. Due to the limitation of BPA production, the increased use of BPA analogs has also attracted attention to these new chemicals. They may share actions and mechanisms similar to or different from BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zina Wen
- Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Zhong
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Ren-Shan Ge
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