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Tanaka Y, Kusuda M, Yamaguchi Y. Interferons and systemic lupus erythematosus: Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatments in interferon-driven disease. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:857-867. [PMID: 36440704 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) have recently received a lot of attention with the elucidation of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Type I IFNs are associated with many SLE symptoms and play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases that may occur concurrently with SLE, such as Sjögren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, myositis, scleroderma, and interferonopathy. Type I IFNs could be the link between these diseases. However, direct measurement of type I IFN levels and the IFN gene signature is currently unavailable in clinical practice. This review discusses type I IFN signalling in SLE, investigates the role of type I IFN in the clinical manifestations and symptoms associated with SLE and other IFN-related diseases, and discusses the clinical tests that can be used to diagnose SLE and measure disease activity. In addition, the role of type I IFN-blocking therapies as potential treatments for SLE is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Tanaka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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2
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Rodríguez-Carrio J, Burska A, Conaghan PG, Dik WA, Biesen R, Eloranta ML, Cavalli G, Visser M, Boumpas DT, Bertsias G, Wahren-Herlenius M, Rehwinkel J, Frémond ML, Crow MK, Ronnblom L, Vital E, Versnel M. Association between type I interferon pathway activation and clinical outcomes in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic literature review informing EULAR points to consider. RMD Open 2023; 9:e002864. [PMID: 36882218 PMCID: PMC10008483 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type I interferons (IFN-I) contribute to a broad range of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). Compelling evidence suggests that the measurement of IFN-I pathway activation may have clinical value. Although several IFN-I pathway assays have been proposed, the exact clinical applications are unclear. We summarise the evidence on the potential clinical utility of assays measuring IFN-I pathway activation. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted across three databases to evaluate the use of IFN-I assays in diagnosis and monitor disease activity, prognosis, response to treatment and responsiveness to change in several RMDs. RESULTS Of 366 screened, 276 studies were selected that reported the use of assays reflecting IFN-I pathway activation for disease diagnosis (n=188), assessment of disease activity (n=122), prognosis (n=20), response to treatment (n=23) and assay responsiveness (n=59). Immunoassays, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and microarrays were reported most frequently, while systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, myositis, systemic sclerosis and primary Sjögren's syndrome were the most studied RMDs. The literature demonstrated significant heterogeneity in techniques, analytical conditions, risk of bias and application in diseases. Inadequate study designs and technical heterogeneity were the main limitations. IFN-I pathway activation was associated with disease activity and flare occurrence in SLE, but their incremental value was uncertain. IFN-I pathway activation may predict response to IFN-I targeting therapies and may predict response to different treatments. CONCLUSIONS Evidence indicates potential clinical value of assays measuring IFN-I pathway activation in several RMDs, but assay harmonisation and clinical validation are urged. This review informs the EULAR points to consider for the measurement and reporting of IFN-I pathway assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez-Carrio
- Area of Immunology, University of Oviedo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Agata Burska
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - P G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Willem A Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Biesen
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giulio Cavalli
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianne Visser
- EULAR, PARE Patient Research Partners, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology-Clinical Immunology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Karolinska Institutet, Division of Rheumatology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Rehwinkel
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Marie-Louise Frémond
- Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Immuno-Hématologie et Rhumatologie pédiatriques, Paris, France
| | - Mary K Crow
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, New York, USA
| | - Lars Ronnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ed Vital
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Marjan Versnel
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Meng XW, Cheng ZL, Lu ZY, Tan YN, Jia XY, Zhang M. MX2: Identification and systematic mechanistic analysis of a novel immune-related biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:978851. [PMID: 36059547 PMCID: PMC9433551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.978851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple organs. However, the current SLE-related biomarkers still lack sufficient sensitivity, specificity and predictive power for clinical application. Thus, it is significant to explore new immune-related biomarkers for SLE diagnosis and development. Methods We obtained seven SLE gene expression profile microarrays (GSE121239/11907/81622/65391/100163/45291/49454) from the GEO database. First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using GEO2R, and SLE biomarkers were screened by performing WGCNA, Random Forest, SVM-REF, correlation with SLEDAI and differential gene analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) and AUC values were used to determine the clinical value. The expression level of the biomarker was verified by RT‒qPCR. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis was utilized to identify biomarker-associated pathways. ssGSEA, CIBERSORT, xCell and ImmuCellAI algorithms were applied to calculate the sample immune cell infiltration abundance. Single-cell data were analyzed for gene expression specificity in immune cells. Finally, the transcriptional regulatory network of the biomarker was constructed, and the corresponding therapeutic drugs were predicted. Results Multiple algorithms were screened together for a unique marker gene, MX2, and expression analysis of multiple datasets revealed that MX2 was highly expressed in SLE compared to the normal group (all P < 0.05), with the same trend validated by RT‒qPCR (P = 0.026). Functional enrichment analysis identified the main pathway of MX2 promotion in SLE as the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (NES=2.492, P < 0.001, etc.). Immuno-infiltration analysis showed that MX2 was closely associated with neutrophils, and single-cell and transcriptomic data revealed that MX2 was specifically expressed in neutrophils. The NOD-like receptor signaling pathway was also remarkably correlated with neutrophils (r >0.3, P < 0.001, etc.). Most of the MX2-related interacting proteins were associated with SLE, and potential transcription factors of MX2 and its related genes were also significantly associated with the immune response. Conclusion Our study found that MX2 can serve as an immune-related biomarker for predicting the diagnosis and disease activity of SLE. It activates the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway and promotes neutrophil infiltration to aggravate SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Luo Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ya-Nan Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yi Jia, ; Min Zhang,
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yi Jia, ; Min Zhang,
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Siddiqi KZ, Wilhelm TR, Ulff-Møller CJ, Jacobsen S. Cluster of highly expressed interferon-stimulated genes associate more with African ancestry than disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. A systematic review of cross-sectional studies. Transl Res 2021; 238:63-75. [PMID: 34343626 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) are central players in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in SLE patients is subjected to increasing scrutiny as for its use in diagnosis, stratification and monitoring of SLE patients. Determinants of this immunological phenomenon are yet to be fully charted. The purpose of this systematic review was to characterize expressions of ISGs in blood of SLE patients and to analyze if they associated with core demographic and clinical features of SLE. Twenty cross-sectional, case-control studies comprising 1033 SLE patients and 602 study controls could be included. ISG fold-change expression values (SLE vs controls), demographic and clinical data were extracted from the published material and analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis and generalized linear modelling. ISG expression varied substantially within each study with IFI27, IFI44, IFI44L, IFIT4 and RSAD2, being the top-five upregulated ISGs. Analysis of inter-study variation showed that IFI27, IFI44, IFI44L, IFIT1, PRKR and RSAD2 expression clustered with the fraction of SLE cases having African ancestry or lupus nephritis. Generalized linear models adjusted for prevalence of lupus nephritis and usage of hydroxychloroquine confirmed the observed association between African ancestry and IFI27, IFI44L, IFIT1, PRKR and RSAD2, whereas disease activity was associated with expression of IFI27 and RNASE2. In conclusion, this systematic review revealed that expression of ISGs often used for deriving an IFN signature in SLE patients were influenced by African ancestry rather than disease activity. This underscores the necessity of taking ancestry into account when employing the IFN signature for clinical research in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Z Siddiqi
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Theresa R Wilhelm
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Constance J Ulff-Møller
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Søren Jacobsen
- Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark.
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Singh RP, Hahn BH, Bischoff DS. Interferon Genes Are Influenced by 17β-Estradiol in SLE. Front Immunol 2021; 12:725325. [PMID: 34733276 PMCID: PMC8558410 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.725325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests the existence of a nexus between inflammatory pathways and the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol, resulting in increased interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), autoantibodies, and dysregulation of immune cells in SLE. However, the molecular mechanisms and the effect of estradiol on candidate target genes and their pathways remains poorly understood. Our previous work suggests that female SLE patients have increased estradiol levels compared to healthy controls. In the present study, we explored the effects of 17β-estradiol treatment on expression of IFN (interferons)-stimulated genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. We found significantly increased (5-10-fold) expression of IFN-regulated genes in healthy females. Furthermore, we found significantly increased plasma levels of IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, stem cell factor (SCF), and IL-21/IL-23 in SLE patients compared to healthy controls, and those levels positively correlated with the plasma levels of 17β-estradiol. In addition, levels of IL-21 positively correlated with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score of SLE patients. In vitro treatment of PBMCs from either SLE patients or healthy controls with 17β-estradiol at physiological concentration (~50 pg/ml) also significantly increased secretion of many pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-8, IFN-γ; MIP1α, and MIP1β) in both groups. Further our data revealed that 17β-estradiol significantly increased the percentage of CD3+CD69+ and CD3+IFNγ+ T cells; whereas, simultaneous addition of 17β-estradiol and an ERα inhibitor prevented this effect. Collectively, our findings indicate that 17β-estradiol participates in the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and further influences interferon genes and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram P Singh
- Research Service, Veteran Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bevra H Hahn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David S Bischoff
- Research Service, Veteran Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Pagenkopf A, Liang Y. Immunometabolic function of the transcription cofactor VGLL3 provides an evolutionary rationale for sexual dimorphism in autoimmunity. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3371-3383. [PMID: 32803756 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is exhibited remarkably in the female predominance of autoimmune diseases (e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus, female-to-male ratio 9 : 1). To understand the female bias in autoimmunity, we focused on vestigial-like family member 3 (VGLL3), a molecule with increased expression in females and known to promote autoimmunity. We report that VGLL3 mediates the cellular stress response by upregulating p53 and IL-17C. Energy stress allows VGLL3 to be induced by IFNα, which ultimately leads to p53-dependent, lupus-associated, inflammatory cell death. Our results suggest that female-biased expression of VGLL3 helps cells adapt to metabolic stress, which, intriguingly, is known as a significant challenge during the evolution of placental mammals due to the need to feed a developing embryo. The findings also uncover the importance of maintaining metabolic homeostasis in the prevention of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pagenkopf
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Cao Y, Mi X, Wang Z, Zhang D, Tang W. Bioinformatic analysis reveals that the OAS family may play an important role in lupus nephritis. J Natl Med Assoc 2020; 112:567-577. [PMID: 32622555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus that presents a high risk of end-stage renal disease. However, the molecular mechanisms of LN remain unclear. The lack of understanding hinders the development of specific targeted therapy for this progressive disease. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we used bioinformatics analysis of gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus to identify novel targets and potential biomarkers for LN. MATERIAL AND METHODS A GSE32591 dataset, which included 31 LN glomerular biopsy tissues and 14 living donors' glomerular tissues, was downloaded for further analysis. Differentially expressed genes in LN were analyzed by the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the differentially expressed genes by using the Disease Ontology Semantic and Enrichment and the clusterProfiler software. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was then formed using STRING online tool. RESULTS 440 genes, including 310 upregulated genes and 130 downregulated genes, were found as differentially expressed genes. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that immune response is significantly enriched in such genes. The PPI network showed that ISG15, MX1, OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 were the hub genes enriched in LN. Along with literature review, the OAS family genes were revealed to be closely associated with LN progression. CONCLUSIONS our studies provided new insight into the molecular pathogenesis of LN. The OAS family may play an important role in LN and act as a novel molecular candidate for the further study of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Cao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuhua Mi
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanxin Tang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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In silico identification of potential inhibitors against human 2'-5'- oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) proteins. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 85:107211. [PMID: 32004971 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As part of the type I IFN signaling, the 2'-5'- oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) proteins have been involved in the progression of several non-viral diseases. Notably, OAS has been correlated with immune-modulatory functions that promote chronic inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases. In spite of this, OAS enzymes have been ignored as drug targets, and to date, there are no reports of compounds that can inhibit their activity. In this study, we have used homology modeling and virtual high-throughput screening to identify potential inhibitors of the human proteins OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3. Altogether, we have found 37 molecules that could exert a competitive inhibition in the ATP binding sites of OAS proteins, independently of the activation state of the enzyme. This latter characteristic, which might be crucial for a versatile inhibitor, was observed in compounds interacting with the residues Asp75, Asp77, Gln229, and Tyr230 in OAS1, and their equivalents in OAS2 and OAS3. Although there was little correlation between specific chemical fragments and their interactions, intermolecular contacts with OAS catalytic triad and other critical amino acids were mainly promoted by heterocycles with π electrons and hydrogen bond acceptors. In conclusion, this study provides a potential set of OAS inhibitors as well as valuable information for their design, development, and optimization.
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Benninghoff AD, Bates MA, Chauhan PS, Wierenga KA, Gilley KN, Holian A, Harkema JR, Pestka JJ. Docosahexaenoic Acid Consumption Impedes Early Interferon- and Chemokine-Related Gene Expression While Suppressing Silica-Triggered Flaring of Murine Lupus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2851. [PMID: 31921124 PMCID: PMC6923248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of lupus-prone female NZBWF1 mice to respirable crystalline silica (cSiO2), a known human autoimmune trigger, initiates loss of tolerance, rapid progression of autoimmunity, and early onset of glomerulonephritis. We have previously demonstrated that dietary supplementation with the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) suppresses autoimmune pathogenesis and nephritis in this unique model of lupus flaring. In this report, we utilized tissues from prior studies to test the hypothesis that DHA consumption interferes with upregulation of critical genes associated with cSiO2-triggered murine lupus. A NanoString nCounter platform targeting 770 immune-related genes was used to assess the effects cSiO2 on mRNA signatures over time in female NZBWF1 mice consuming control (CON) diets compared to mice fed diets containing DHA at an amount calorically equivalent to human consumption of 2 g per day (DHA low) or 5 g per day (DHA high). Experimental groups of mice were sacrificed: (1) 1 d after a single intranasal instillation of 1 mg cSiO2 or vehicle, (2) 1 d after four weekly single instillations of vehicle or 1 mg cSiO2, and (3) 1, 5, 9, and 13 weeks after four weekly single instillations of vehicle or 1 mg cSiO2. Genes associated with inflammation as well as innate and adaptive immunity were markedly upregulated in lungs of CON-fed mice 1 d after four weekly cSiO2 doses but were significantly suppressed in mice fed DHA high diets. Importantly, mRNA signatures in lungs of cSiO2-treated CON-fed mice over 13 weeks reflected progressive amplification of interferon (IFN)- and chemokine-related gene pathways. While these responses in the DHA low group were suppressed primarily at week 5, significant downregulation was observed at weeks 1, 5, 9, and 13 in mice fed the DHA high diet. At week 13, cSiO2 treatment of CON-fed mice affected 214 genes in kidney tissue associated with inflammation, innate/adaptive immunity, IFN, chemokines, and antigen processing, mostly by upregulation; however, feeding DHA dose-dependently suppressed these responses. Taken together, dietary DHA intake in lupus-prone mice impeded cSiO2-triggered mRNA signatures known to be involved in ectopic lymphoid tissue neogenesis, systemic autoimmunity, and glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby D. Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences and The School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Melissa A. Bates
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Preeti S. Chauhan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Wierenga
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kristen N. Gilley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Andrij Holian
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Jack R. Harkema
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James J. Pestka
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Xie S, Luo H, Zhang H, Zhu H, Zuo X, Liu S. Discovery of Key Genes in Dermatomyositis Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus Database. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:982-992. [PMID: 30383435 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers of dermatomyositis (DM). The analysis was conducted by retrieving DM-related cDNA microarray data sets from public databases. Gene ontology, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and protein-protein interaction analyses were performed, together with quantitative PCR-based detection of biomarkers in muscle tissue after stimulation with serum from patients with DM or healthy controls. Our analysis of five microarray data sets identified 20 common differentially expressed genes that are closely associated with DM. PCR analysis showed that mRNAs of IFITM2, LY6E, DDX58, and IFI6 were expressed at significantly higher levels in the muscle tissue of patients with DM than in normal muscle tissues. These mRNAs were also upregulated in human skeletal muscle cells stimulated with the serum from patients with DM. The results of integrated analyses of the DM microarray data and the mRNA levels of genes showed significant differences between the muscle tissues of DM patients and controls, which could indicate key pathogenic genes and novel therapeutic targets for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshan Xie
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Hui Luo
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- 2 Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zuo
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
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Ikeda K, Hayakawa K, Fujishiro M, Kawasaki M, Hirai T, Tsushima H, Miyashita T, Suzuki S, Morimoto S, Tamura N, Takamori K, Ogawa H, Sekigawa I. JAK inhibitor has the amelioration effect in lupus-prone mice: the involvement of IFN signature gene downregulation. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:41. [PMID: 28830352 PMCID: PMC5568047 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported that JAK–STAT-pathway mediated regulation of IFN-regulatory factor genes could play an important role in SLE pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib (TOFA) for controlling IFN signalling via the JAK–STAT pathway and as a therapeutic for SLE. Results We treated NZB/NZW F1 mice with TOFA and assessed alterations in their disease, pathological, and immunological conditions. Gene-expression results obtained from CD4+ T cells (SLE mice) and CD3+ T cells (human SLE patients) were measured by DNA microarray and qRT-PCR. TOFA treatment resulted in reduced levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies, decreased proteinuria, and amelioration of nephritis as compared with those observed in control animals. Moreover, we observed the rebalance in the populations of naïve CD4+ T cells and effector/memory cells in TOFA-treated mice; however, treatment with a combination of TOFA and dexamethasone (DEXA) elicited a stronger inhibitory effect toward the effector/memory cells than did TOFA or DEXA monotherapy. We also detected decreased expression of several IFN-signature genes Ifit3 and Isg15 in CD4+ from SLE-prone mice following TOFA and DEXA treatment, and IFIT3 in CD3+ T cells from human patients following immunosuppressant therapy including steroid, respectively. Conclusion Modulation of type I IFN signalling via JAK–STAT inhibition may exert a beneficial effect in SLE patients, and our results suggest that TOFA could be utilised for the development of new SLE-specific therapeutic strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12865-017-0225-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Ikeda
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka Urayasu-shi, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan. .,Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Kunihiro Hayakawa
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maki Fujishiro
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mikiko Kawasaki
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Hirai
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsushima
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Miyashita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka Urayasu-shi, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Shinji Morimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka Urayasu-shi, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.,Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Iwao Sekigawa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka Urayasu-shi, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.,Institutes for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Ospina FE, Echeverri A, Zambrano D, Suso JP, Martínez-Blanco J, Cañas CA, Tobón GJ. Distinguishing infections vs flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:i46-i54. [PMID: 27744359 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease involving multiple systems. Patients with SLE are highly susceptible to infections due to the combined effects of their immunosuppressive therapy and the abnormalities of the immune system that the disease itself causes, which can increase mortality in these patients. The differentiation of SLE activity and infection in a febrile patient with SLE is extremely difficult. Activity indexes are useful to identify patients with lupus flares but some clinical and biological abnormalities may, however, make it difficult to differentiate flares from infection. Several biological markers are now recognized as potential tools to establish the difference between SLE activity and infection, including CRP and procalcitonin. It is possible, however, that the use of only one biomarker is not sufficient to confirm or discard infection. This means that new scores, which include different biomarkers, might represent a better solution for differentiating these two clinical pictures. This review article describes several markers that are currently used, or have the potential, to differentiate infection from SLE flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio E Ospina
- Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University.,Clinical Investigation InstituteFundación Valle del Lili
| | - Alex Echeverri
- Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University
| | - Diana Zambrano
- Internal Medicine, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University
| | - Juan-Pablo Suso
- Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University.,Clinical Investigation InstituteFundación Valle del Lili
| | | | - Carlos A Cañas
- Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University
| | - Gabriel J Tobón
- Rheumatology Unit, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University.,Internal Medicine, Fundación Valle del Lili, ICESI University
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13
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Yu J, Liang C, Liu SL. Interferon-inducible LY6E Protein Promotes HIV-1 Infection. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4674-4685. [PMID: 28130445 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.755819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
LY6E is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored, IFN-inducible protein that regulates T lymphocytes proliferation, differentiation, and development. Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2572886 in the LY6 family protein locus has been shown to associate with accelerated progression to AIDS. In this study, we show that LY6E promotes HIV, type 1 (HIV-1) infection by enhancing viral entry and gene expression. Knockdown of LY6E in human peripheral blood mononuclear, SupT1, and THP-1 cells diminishes HIV-1 replication. Virion-cell and cell-cell fusion experiments revealed that LY6E promotes membrane fusion of the viral entry step. Interestingly, we find that LTR-driven HIV-1 gene expression is also enhanced by LY6E, suggesting additional roles of LY6E in HIV-1 replication. HIV-1 infection induces LY6E expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, concomitant with increased production of type I IFN and some classical IFN-stimulated genes. Altogether, our results demonstrate that IFN-inducible LY6E promotes HIV-1 entry and replication and highlight a positive regulatory role of IFN-induced proteins in HIV-1 infection. Our work emphasizes the complexity of IFN-mediated signaling in HIV-host interaction and AIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyou Yu
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Chen Liang
- the McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada, and.,the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Shan-Lu Liu
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research, .,Center for Microbial Interface Biology, and
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14
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Yeung KS, Chung BHY, Choufani S, Mok MY, Wong WL, Mak CCY, Yang W, Lee PPW, Wong WHS, Chen YA, Grafodatskaya D, Wong RWS, Lau CS, Chan DTM, Weksberg R, Lau YL. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Chinese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Identified Hypomethylation in Genes Related to the Type I Interferon Pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169553. [PMID: 28085900 PMCID: PMC5234836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic variants have been shown in recent studies to be important contributors to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, we report a 2-step study of discovery followed by replication to identify DNA methylation alterations associated with SLE in a Chinese population. Using a genome-wide DNA methylation microarray, the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip, we compared the methylation levels of CpG sites in DNA extracted from white blood cells from 12 female Chinese SLE patients and 10 healthy female controls. Results We identified 36 CpG sites with differential loss of DNA methylation and 8 CpG sites with differential gain of DNA methylation, representing 25 genes and 7 genes, respectively. Surprisingly, 42% of the hypomethylated CpG sites were located in CpG shores, which indicated the functional importance of the loss of DNA methylation. Microarray results were replicated in another cohort of 100 SLE patients and 100 healthy controls by performing bisulfite pyrosequencing of four hypomethylated genes, MX1, IFI44L, NLRC5 and PLSCR1. In addition, loss of DNA methylation in these genes was associated with an increase in mRNA expression. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the hypomethylated genes identified in the microarray study were overrepresented in the type I interferon pathway, which has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Conclusion Our epigenetic findings further support the importance of the type I interferon pathway in SLE pathogenesis. Moreover, we showed that the DNA methylation signatures of SLE can be defined in unfractionated white blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit San Yeung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian Hon-Yin Chung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Sanaa Choufani
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mo Yin Mok
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Lap Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Chun Yu Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wanling Yang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pamela Pui Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wilfred Hing Sang Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-an Chen
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daria Grafodatskaya
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raymond Woon Sing Wong
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Tak Mao Chan
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Yeom CJ, Zeng L, Goto Y, Morinibu A, Zhu Y, Shinomiya K, Kobayashi M, Itasaka S, Yoshimura M, Hur CG, Kakeya H, Hammond EM, Hiraoka M, Harada H. LY6E: a conductor of malignant tumor growth through modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt/HIF-1 axis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:65837-65848. [PMID: 27589564 PMCID: PMC5323196 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E (LY6E) has been implicated in the malignant progression of various types of cancers; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified LY6E as an activator of HIF-1 and revealed their mechanistic and functional links in malignant tumor growth. The aberrant overexpression of LY6E increased HIF-1α gene expression principally at the transcription level. This, in turn, led to the expression of the pro-angiogenic factors, VEGFA and PDGFB, through decreases in the expression levels of PTEN mRNA and subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. The LY6E-HIF-1 axis functioned to increase tumor blood vessel density and promoted tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. LY6E expression levels were significantly higher in human breast cancers than in normal breast tissues, and were strongly associated with the poor prognoses of various cancer patients. Our results characterized LY6E as a novel conductor of tumor growth through its modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt/HIF-1 axis and demonstrated the validity of targeting this pathway for cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics
- GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Rate
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Joo Yeom
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Lihua Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yoko Goto
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akiyo Morinibu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuxi Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kazumi Shinomiya
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Kobayashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Itasaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Michio Yoshimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Cheol-Goo Hur
- Cancer Genomics Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ester M. Hammond
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Masahiro Hiraoka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Group of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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16
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Common Marker Genes Identified from Various Sample Types for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156234. [PMID: 27257790 PMCID: PMC4892593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex auto-immune disease. Gene expression studies have been conducted to identify SLE-related genes in various types of samples. It is unknown whether there are common marker genes significant for SLE but independent of sample types, which may have potentials for follow-up translational research. The aim of this study is to identify common marker genes across various sample types for SLE. Methods Based on four public microarray gene expression datasets for SLE covering three representative types of blood-born samples (monocyte; peripheral blood mononuclear cell, PBMC; whole blood), we utilized three statistics (fold-change, FC; t-test p value; false discovery rate adjusted p value) to scrutinize genes simultaneously regulated with SLE across various sample types. For common marker genes, we conducted the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Protein-Protein Interaction analysis to gain insights into their functions. Results We identified 10 common marker genes associated with SLE (IFI6, IFI27, IFI44L, OAS1, OAS2, EIF2AK2, PLSCR1, STAT1, RNASE2, and GSTO1). Significant up-regulation of IFI6, IFI27, and IFI44L with SLE was observed in all the studied sample types, though the FC was most striking in monocyte, compared with PBMC and whole blood (8.82–251.66 vs. 3.73–74.05 vs. 1.19–1.87). Eight of the above 10 genes, except RNASE2 and GSTO1, interact with each other and with known SLE susceptibility genes, participate in immune response, RNA and protein catabolism, and cell death. Conclusion Our data suggest that there exist common marker genes across various sample types for SLE. The 10 common marker genes, identified herein, deserve follow-up studies to dissert their potentials as diagnostic or therapeutic markers to predict SLE or treatment response.
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17
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Javed S, Marsay L, Wareham A, Lewandowski KS, Williams A, Dennis MJ, Sharpe S, Vipond R, Silman N, Ball G, Kempsell KE. Temporal Expression of Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Biomarkers in a Macaca fascicularis Infection Model of Tuberculosis; Comparison with Human Datasets and Analysis with Parametric/Non-parametric Tools for Improved Diagnostic Biomarker Identification. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154320. [PMID: 27228113 PMCID: PMC4882019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A temporal study of gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from a Mycobacterium tuberculosis primary, pulmonary challenge model Macaca fascicularis has been conducted. PBL samples were taken prior to challenge and at one, two, four and six weeks post-challenge and labelled, purified RNAs hybridised to Operon Human Genome AROS V4.0 slides. Data analyses revealed a large number of differentially regulated gene entities, which exhibited temporal profiles of expression across the time course study. Further data refinements identified groups of key markers showing group-specific expression patterns, with a substantial reprogramming event evident at the four to six week interval. Selected statistically-significant gene entities from this study and other immune and apoptotic markers were validated using qPCR, which confirmed many of the results obtained using microarray hybridisation. These showed evidence of a step-change in gene expression from an ‘early’ FOS-associated response, to a ‘late’ predominantly type I interferon-driven response, with coincident reduction of expression of other markers. Loss of T-cell-associate marker expression was observed in responsive animals, with concordant elevation of markers which may be associated with a myeloid suppressor cell phenotype e.g. CD163. The animals in the study were of different lineages and these Chinese and Mauritian cynomolgous macaque lines showed clear evidence of differing susceptibilities to Tuberculosis challenge. We determined a number of key differences in response profiles between the groups, particularly in expression of T-cell and apoptotic makers, amongst others. These have provided interesting insights into innate susceptibility related to different host `phenotypes. Using a combination of parametric and non-parametric artificial neural network analyses we have identified key genes and regulatory pathways which may be important in early and adaptive responses to TB. Using comparisons between data outputs of each analytical pipeline and comparisons with previously published Human TB datasets, we have delineated a subset of gene entities which may be of use for biomarker diagnostic test development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Javed
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Marsay
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Wareham
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Kuiama S. Lewandowski
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Williams
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Dennis
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Sharpe
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Vipond
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Silman
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ball
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Kempsell
- Public Health England, Infection Services, Health Protection Agency Porton, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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18
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Zhou Z, Ma J, Xiao C, Han X, Qiu R, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wu L, Huang X, Shen N. Phenotypic and functional alterations of pDCs in lupus-prone mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20373. [PMID: 26879679 PMCID: PMC4754657 DOI: 10.1038/srep20373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were considered to be the major IFNα source in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but their phenotype and function in different disease status have not been well studied. To study the function and phenotype of pDCs in lupus-prone mice we used 7 strains of lupus-prone mice including NZB/W F1, NZB, NZW, NZM2410, B6.NZMSle1/2/3, MRL/lpr and BXSB/Mp mice and C57BL/6 as control mice. Increased spleen pDC numbers were found in most lupus mice compared to C57BL/6 mice. The IFNα-producing ability of BM pDCs was similar between lupus and C57BL/6 mice, whereas pDCs from the spleens of NZB/W F1 and NZB mice produced more IFNα than pDCs from the spleens of C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, spleen pDCs from MRL-lpr and NZM2410 mice showed increased responses to Tlr7 and Tlr9, respectively. As the disease progressed, IFN signature were evaluated in both BM and spleen pDC from lupus prone mice and the number of BM pDCs and their ability to produce IFNα gradually decreased in lupus-prone mice. In conclusion, pDC are activated alone with disease development and its phenotype and function differ among lupus-prone strains, and these differences may contribute to the development of lupus in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyang Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyuan Xiao
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Qiu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.,Division of Rheumatology and the Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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19
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Xu X, Qiu C, Zhu L, Huang J, Li L, Fu W, Zhang L, Wei J, Wang Y, Geng Y, Zhang X, Qiao W, Xu J. IFN-stimulated gene LY6E in monocytes regulates the CD14/TLR4 pathway but inadequately restrains the hyperactivation of monocytes during chronic HIV-1 infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4125-36. [PMID: 25225669 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Owing to ongoing recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, immune activation and upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) are sustained in the chronically infected host. Albeit most ISGs are important effectors for containing viral replication, some might exert compensatory immune suppression to limit pathological dysfunctions, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we report that the ISG lymphocyte Ag 6 complex, locus E (LY6E) is a negative immune regulator of monocytes. LY6E in monocytes negatively modulated CD14 expression and subsequently dampened the responsiveness to LPS stimulation in vitro. In the setting of chronic HIV infection, the upregulation of LY6E was correlated with reduced CD14 level on monocytes; however, the immunosuppressive effect of LY6E was not adequate to remedy the hyperresponsiveness of activated monocytes. Taken together, the regulatory LY6E pathway in monocytes represents one of negative feedback mechanisms that counterbalance monocyte activation, which might be caused by LPS translocation through the compromised gastrointestinal tract during persistent HIV-1 infection and may serve as a potential target for immune intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics (Tianjin), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China;
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Lishuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics (Tianjin), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weihui Fu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Linxia Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Yuncheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanxi 044400, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China; and
| | - Yunqi Geng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics (Tianjin), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics (Tianjin), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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20
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A T cell gene expression panel for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2013; 150:192-200. [PMID: 24434273 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) remains a challenging disease to diagnose and follow, as no reliable biomarkers are known to date. We designed a gene expression panel with 40 genes known to play a role in SLE pathogenesis. We found that the combined expression of these genes in SLE T cells can accurately differentiate SLE from healthy individuals and patients with other autoimmune diseases. The accuracy of the test increased further (83%) when only three out of the initial genes (OAS2, CD70 and IL10) were used. A T cell score, calculated from the combined expression levels of these genes, correlated positively with various SLE activity markers in a cross-sectional cohort and in a few patients that were followed prospectively. These data showcase the usefulness of measuring mRNA levels of key molecules in diagnosing and following patients with SLE.
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21
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Grammatikos AP, Ghosh D, Devlin A, Kyttaris VC, Tsokos GC. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) regulates systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) T cell signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74550. [PMID: 24013589 PMCID: PMC3754955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Engagement of the CD3/T cell receptor complex in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) T cells involves Syk rather than the zeta-associated protein. Because Syk is being considered as a therapeutic target we asked whether Syk is central to the multiple aberrantly modulated molecules in SLE T cells. Using a gene expression array, we demonstrate that forced expression of Syk in normal T cells reproduces most of the aberrantly expressed molecules whereas silencing of Syk in SLE T cells normalizes the expression of most abnormally expressed molecules. Protein along with gene expression modulation for select molecules was confirmed. Specifically, levels of cytokine IL-21, cell surface receptor CD44, and intracellular molecules PP2A and OAS2 increased following Syk overexpression in normal T cells and decreased after Syk silencing in SLE T cells. Our results demonstrate that levels of Syk affect the expression of a number of enzymes, cytokines and receptors that play a key role in the development of disease pathogenesis in SLE and provide support for therapeutic targeting in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros P Grammatikos
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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22
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Gleisner MA, Reyes P, Alfaro J, Solanes P, Simon V, Crisostomo N, Sauma D, Rosemblatt M, Bono MR. Dendritic and stromal cells from the spleen of lupic mice present phenotypic and functional abnormalities. Mol Immunol 2013; 54:423-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Chan VSF, Nie YJ, Shen N, Yan S, Mok MY, Lau CS. Distinct roles of myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 11:890-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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24
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Lugar PL, Love C, Grammer AC, Dave SS, Lipsky PE. Molecular characterization of circulating plasma cells in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44362. [PMID: 23028528 PMCID: PMC3448624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a generalized autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal B cell activation and the occurrence of increased frequencies of circulating plasma cells (PC). The molecular characteristics and nature of circulating PC and B cells in SLE have not been completely characterized. Microarray analysis of gene expression was used to characterize circulating PC in subjects with active SLE. Flow cytometry was used to sort PC and comparator B cell populations from active SLE blood, normal blood and normal tonsil. The gene expression profiles of the sorted B cell populations were then compared. SLE PC exhibited a similar gene expression signature as tonsil PC. The differences in gene expression between SLE PC and normal tonsil PC and tonsil plasmablasts (PB) suggest a mature Ig secreting cell phenotype in the former population. Despite this, SLE PC differed in expression of about half the genes from previously published gene expression profiles of normal bone marrow PC, indicating that these cells had not achieved a fully mature status. Abnormal expression of several genes, including CXCR4 and S1P1, suggests a mechanism for the persistence of SLE PC in the circulation. All SLE B cell populations revealed an interferon (IFN) gene signature previously only reported in unseparated SLE peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These data indicate that SLE PC are a unique population of Ig secreting cells with a gene expression profile indicative of a mature, but not fully differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Lugar
- National Institutes of Health, Autoimmunity Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
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25
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Search for specific biomarkers of IFNβ bioactivity in patients with multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23634. [PMID: 21886806 PMCID: PMC3160307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxovirus A (MxA), a protein encoded by the MX1 gene with antiviral activity, has proven to be a sensitive measure of IFNβ bioactivity in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the use of MxA as a biomarker of IFNβ bioactivity has been criticized for the lack of evidence of its role on disease pathogenesis and the clinical response to IFNβ. Here, we aimed to identify specific biomarkers of IFNβ bioactivity in order to compare their gene expression induction by type I IFNs with the MxA, and to investigate their potential role in MS pathogenesis. Gene expression microarrays were performed in PBMC from MS patients who developed neutralizing antibodies (NAB) to IFNβ at 12 and/or 24 months of treatment and patients who remained NAB negative. Nine genes followed patterns in gene expression over time similar to the MX1, which was considered the gold standard gene, and were selected for further experiments: IFI6, IFI27, IFI44L, IFIT1, HERC5, LY6E, RSAD2, SIGLEC1, and USP18. In vitro experiments in PBMC from healthy controls revealed specific induction of selected biomarkers by IFNβ but not IFNγ, and several markers, in particular USP18 and HERC5, were shown to be significantly induced at lower IFNβ concentrations and more selective than the MX1 as biomarkers of IFNβ bioactivity. In addition, USP18 expression was deficient in MS patients compared with healthy controls (p = 0.0004). We propose specific biomarkers that may be considered in addition to the MxA to evaluate IFNβ bioactivity, and to further explore their implication in MS pathogenesis.
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26
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Abstract
The genetic components in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have long been established, however, it has been unclear for many years whether the same genetic risk factors for SLE are shared across different ethnic groups. Over the past few years, a number of genetic and genomic studies have been conducted in Asian populations to address this question. These studies have demonstrated that genetic heterogeneity does exist in SLE across different ethnic groups. With these studies, it has been established that a number of genes associated with SLE in Caucasians are also risk factors in Asians: HLA class II genes, STAT4, BANK1, BLK, IRF5, TNFSF4, ITGAM, etc., while there are also novel genetic risk factors identified by these studies in Asians, for instance, the ETS1 and WDFY4 in Chinese. For the genomic studies, the interferon signature has been confirmed as a major lupus molecular phenotype in Asians the same as in Caucasians; microRNA expression profiling and its novel role in regulating the interferon pathway has been first revealed in Asians. Further understanding of the function of lupus disease genes and delineating the key molecular pathway(s) will enhance the development of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for individualized clinical management for lupus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Yuan
- Joint Molecular Rheumatology Laboratory of the Institute of Health Sciences and Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Approaching biomarkers of membranous nephropathy from a murine model to human disease. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011:581928. [PMID: 21234329 PMCID: PMC3018661 DOI: 10.1155/2011/581928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Membranous glomerulonephropathy (MN) is the most prevalent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adult humans. However, the specific biomarkers of MN have not been fully elucidated. We examined the alterations in gene expression associated with the development of MN. Methods. Murine MN was induced by cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA). After full-blown MN, cDNA microarray analysis was performed to identify gene expression changes, and highly expressed genes were evaluated as markers both in mice and human kidney samples. Results. MN mice revealed clinical proteinuria and the characteristic diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane. There were 175 genes with significantly different expressions in the MN kidneys compared with the normal kidneys. Four genes, metallothionein-1 (Mt1), cathepsin D (CtsD), lymphocyte 6 antigen complex (Ly6), and laminin receptor-1 (Lamr1), were chosen and quantified. Mt1 was detected mainly in tubules, Lamr1 was highly expressed in glomeruli, and CtsD was detected both in tubules and glomeruli. The high expressions of Lamr1 and CtsD were also confirmed in human kidney biopsies. Conclusion. The murine MN model resembled the clinical and pathological features of human MN and may provide a tool for investigating MN. Applying cDNA microarray analysis may help to identify biomarkers for human MN.
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28
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Te JL, Dozmorov IM, Guthridge JM, Nguyen KL, Cavett JW, Kelly JA, Bruner GR, Harley JB, Ojwang JO. Identification of unique microRNA signature associated with lupus nephritis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10344. [PMID: 20485490 PMCID: PMC2867940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as an important new class of modulators of gene expression. In this study we investigated miRNA that are differentially expressed in lupus nephritis. Microarray technology was used to investigate differentially expressed miRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformed cell lines obtained from lupus nephritis affected patients and unaffected controls. TaqMan-based stem-loop real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for validation. Microarray analysis of miRNA expressed in both African American (AA) and European American (EA) derived lupus nephritis samples revealed 29 and 50 differentially expressed miRNA, respectively, of 850 tested. There were 18 miRNA that were differentially expressed in both racial groups. When samples from both racial groups and different specimen types were considered, there were 5 primary miRNA that were differentially expressed. We have identified 5 miRNA; hsa-miR-371-5P, hsa-miR-423-5P, hsa-miR-638, hsa-miR-1224-3P and hsa-miR-663 that were differentially expressed in lupus nephritis across different racial groups and all specimen types tested. Hsa-miR-371-5P, hsa-miR-1224-3P and hsa-miR-423-5P, are reported here for the first time to be associated with lupus nephritis. Our work establishes EBV-transformed B cell lines as a useful model for the discovery of miRNA as biomarkers for SLE. Based on these findings, we postulate that these differentially expressed miRNA may be potential novel biomarkers for SLE as well as help elucidate pathogenic mechanisms of lupus nephritis. The investigation of miRNA profiles in SLE may lead to the discovery and development of novel methods to diagnosis, treat and prevent SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannie L. Te
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Igor M. Dozmorov
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joel M. Guthridge
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Kim L. Nguyen
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joshua W. Cavett
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Kelly
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Gail R. Bruner
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - John B. Harley
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joshua O. Ojwang
- Department of Arthritis and Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Biggioggero M, Gabbriellini L, Meroni PL. Type I interferon therapy and its role in autoimmunity. Autoimmunity 2010; 43:248-54. [DOI: 10.3109/08916930903510971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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