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Laguardia-Nascimento M, Gasparini MR, Sales ÉB, Rivetti AV, Sousa NM, Oliveira AM, Camargos MF, Pinheiro de Oliveira TF, Gonçalves JPM, Madureira MC, Ribeiro DP, Marcondes IV, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Fonseca AA. Molecular epidemiology of senecavirus A associated with vesicular disease in pigs in Brazil. Vet J 2016; 216:207-9. [PMID: 27687954 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SV-A) may cause vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in pigs, and was first detected in Brazil in 2015. Samples including tissues and serum from pigs with suspected vesicular diseases were collected from January to August in 2015 from farms in the states of Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, Goiás and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and tested for the presence of SV-A by reverse transcriptase PCR. All samples were negative for foot and mouth disease virus, as well as 13 other infectious agents associated with vesicular diseases in pigs. SV-A was detected by PCR in 65/265 (24.5%) specimens. A 530 base pair fragment sequenced from the VP1 protein coding region indicated a high genetic distance from SV-A in other countries, but a common origin among the Brazilian isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Laguardia-Nascimento
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcela R Gasparini
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Érica B Sales
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anselmo V Rivetti
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natália M Sousa
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anapolino M Oliveira
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Camargos
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiana F Pinheiro de Oliveira
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Junia P M Gonçalves
- Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Escritório Central-Belo Horizonte, Cidade Administrativa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marieta C Madureira
- Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Escritório Central-Belo Horizonte, Cidade Administrativa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Damaso P Ribeiro
- Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Escritório Central-Belo Horizonte, Cidade Administrativa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ivone V Marcondes
- Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária, Escritório Central-Belo Horizonte, Cidade Administrativa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edel F Barbosa-Stancioli
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio A Fonseca
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Av. Rômulo Joviano s/n, Fazenda Modelo, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Duque H, Naranjo J, Carrillo C, Burbano A, Vargas J, Pauszek L, Olesen I, Sanchez-Vazquez MJ, Cosivi O, Allende RM. Protection induced by a commercial bivalent vaccine against Foot-and-Mouth Disease 2010 field virus from Ecuador. Vaccine 2016; 34:4140-4144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Laguardia-Nascimento M, Sales ÉB, Gasparini MR, de Souza NM, da Silva JAG, Souza GG, Carani FR, Dos Santos AF, Rivetti Júnior AV, Camargos MF, Fonseca Júnior AA. Detection of multiple viral infections in cattle and buffalo with suspected vesicular disease in Brazil. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:377-81. [PMID: 27154321 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716645836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicular diseases are of high importance for livestock, primarily because of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is a high-morbidity disease that generates direct losses caused by low milk production, weight loss, and indirect losses because of the need for sanitary barriers. Other vesicular diseases are also of importance for livestock because of direct impacts or because their clinical signs may be confused with those of FMD. We report herein the detection of multiple infections in cattle with suspected vesicular disease in the Brazilian states of Amazonas (AM), Mato Grosso (MT), and Roraima. Thirty-seven epithelial samples from cattle and 1 sample from a buffalo were sent to the laboratory for testing for FMDV and similar disease agents. All samples from MT were positive for parapoxvirus (Pseudocowpox virus and Bovine papular stomatitis virus). In addition, 3 samples were positive for Bluetongue virus, and 5 samples were positive for Bovine herpesvirus 1 Among these samples, 1 was positive for all of these 3 agents. Only 2 samples from AM were negative for parapoxvirus. The molecular tests conducted in this study detected multiple infections, with a high prevalence of parapoxvirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Laguardia-Nascimento
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Érica Bravo Sales
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Marcela Ribeiro Gasparini
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Natália Mendes de Souza
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Josiane Aparecida Gonçalina da Silva
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Giovana Gonçalves Souza
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Fernanda Rezek Carani
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Alyane Figueiredo Dos Santos
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Anselmo Vasconcelos Rivetti Júnior
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Marcelo Fernandes Camargos
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
| | - Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Laguardia-Nascimento, Sales, Gasparini, de Souza, Rivetti Júnior, Camargos, Fonseca Júnior)Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil (da Silva, Souza, Carani)Agência de Defesa Agropecuária e Florestal Do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (Santos)
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Ibrahim EES, Soliman EM, El-Ashmawy WR. Virological and immunological studies on foot and mouth disease virus type SAT2 naturally infected and vaccinated buffalo cows and their calves. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.882-889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Ringa N, Bauch CT. Impacts of constrained culling and vaccination on control of foot and mouth disease in near-endemic settings: a pair approximation model. Epidemics 2014; 9:18-30. [PMID: 25480131 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many countries have eliminated foot and mouth disease (FMD), but outbreaks remain common in other countries. Rapid development of international trade in animals and animal products has increased the risk of disease introduction to FMD-free countries. Most mathematical models of FMD are tailored to settings that are normally disease-free, and few models have explored the impact of constrained control measures in a 'near-endemic' spatially distributed host population subject to frequent FMD re-introductions from nearby endemic wild populations, as characterizes many low-income, resource-limited countries. Here we construct a pair approximation model of FMD and investigate the impact of constraints on total vaccine supply for prophylactic and ring vaccination, and constraints on culling rates and cumulative culls. We incorporate natural immunity waning and vaccine waning, which are important factors for near-endemic populations. We find that, when vaccine supply is sufficiently limited, the optimal approach for minimizing cumulative infections combines rapid deployment of ring vaccination during outbreaks with a contrasting approach of careful rationing of prophylactic vaccination over the year, such that supplies last as long as possible (and with the bulk of vaccines dedicated toward prophylactic vaccination). Thus, for optimal long-term control of the disease by vaccination in near-endemic settings when vaccine supply is limited, it is best to spread out prophylactic vaccination as much as possible. Regardless of culling constraints, the optimal culling strategy is rapid identification of infected premises and their immediate contacts at the initial stages of an outbreak, and rapid culling of infected premises and farms deemed to be at high risk of infection (as opposed to culling only the infected farms). Optimal culling strategies are similar when social impact is the outcome of interest. We conclude that more FMD transmission models should be developed that are specific to the challenges of FMD control in near-endemic, low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ringa
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - C T Bauch
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, West Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Ringa N, Bauch CT. Dynamics and control of foot-and-mouth disease in endemic countries: a pair approximation model. J Theor Biol 2014; 357:150-9. [PMID: 24853274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous mathematical models of spatial farm-to-farm transmission of foot and mouth disease (FMD) have explored the impacts of control measures such as culling and vaccination during a single outbreak in a country normally free of FMD. As a result, these models do not include factors that are relevant to countries where FMD is endemic in some regions, like long-term waning natural and vaccine immunity, use of prophylactic vaccination and disease re-importations. These factors may have implications for disease dynamics and control, yet few models have been developed for FMD-endemic settings. Here we develop and study an SEIRV (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered-vaccinated) pair approximation model of FMD. We focus on long term dynamics by exploring characteristics of repeated outbreaks of FMD and their dependence on disease re-importation, loss of natural immunity, and vaccine waning. We find that the effectiveness of ring and prophylactic vaccination strongly depends on duration of natural immunity, rate of vaccine waning, and disease re-introduction rate. However, the number and magnitude of FMD outbreaks are generally more sensitive to the duration of natural immunity than the duration of vaccine immunity. If loss of natural immunity and/or vaccine waning happen rapidly, then multiple epidemic outbreaks result, making it difficult to eliminate the disease. Prophylactic vaccination is more effective than ring vaccination, at the same per capita vaccination rate. Finally, more frequent disease re-importation causes a higher cumulative number of infections, although a lower average epidemic peak. Our analysis demonstrates significant differences between dynamics in FMD-free settings versus FMD-endemic settings, and that dynamics in FMD-endemic settings can vary widely depending on factors such as the duration of natural and vaccine immunity and the rate of disease re-importations. We conclude that more mathematical models tailored to FMD-endemic countries should be developed that include these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ringa
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, Canada ON N1G 2W1.
| | - C T Bauch
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, Canada ON N1G 2W1; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, Canada ON N2L 3G1
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Characterization of a type O foot-and-mouth disease virus re-emerging in the year 2011 in free areas of the Southern Cone of South America and cross-protection studies with the vaccine strain in use in the region. Vet Microbiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Namatovu A, Wekesa SN, Tjørnehøj K, Dhikusooka MT, Muwanika VB, Siegsmund HR, Ayebazibwe C. Laboratory capacity for diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease in Eastern Africa: implications for the progressive control pathway. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:19. [PMID: 23347795 PMCID: PMC3562503 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate diagnosis is pertinent to any disease control programme. If Eastern Africa is to work towards control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) using the Progressive Control Pathway for FMD (PCP-FMD) as a tool, then the capacity of national reference laboratories (NRLs) mandated to diagnose FMD should match this task. This study assessed the laboratory capacity of 14 NRLs of the Eastern Africa Region Laboratory Network member countries using a semi-structured questionnaire and retrospective data from the World Reference Laboratory for FMD annual reports and Genbank® through National Centre for Biotechnology Information for the period 2006-2010. RESULTS The questionnaire response rate was 13/14 (93%). Twelve out of the 13 countries/regions had experienced at least one outbreak in the relevant five year period. Only two countries (Ethiopia and Kenya) had laboratories at biosecurity level 3 and only three (Ethiopia, Kenya and Sudan) had identified FMD virus serotypes for all reported outbreaks. Based on their own country/region assessment, 12/13 of these countries /regions were below stage 3 of the PCP-FMD. Quarantine (77%) and vaccination (54%) were the major FMD control strategies employed. The majority (12/13) of the NRLs used serological techniques to diagnose FMD, seven used antigen ELISA and three of these (25%) also used molecular techniques which were the tests most frequently requested from collaborating laboratories by the majority (69%) of the NRLs. Only 4/13 (31%) participated in proficiency testing for FMD. Four (31%) laboratories had no quality management systems (QMS) in place and where QMS existed it was still deficient, thus, none of the laboratories had achieved accreditation for FMD diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that FMD diagnostic capacity in Eastern Africa is still inadequate and largely depends on antigen and antibody ELISAs techniques undertaken by the NRLs. Hence, for the region to progress on the PCP-FMD, there is need to: implement regional control measures, improve the serological diagnostic test performance and laboratory capacity of the NRLs (including training of personnel as well as upgrading of equipment and methods, especially strengthening the molecular diagnostic capacity), and to establish a regional reference laboratory to enforce QMS and characterization of FMD virus containing samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Namatovu
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sabenzia Nabalayo Wekesa
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062/7298, Kampala, Uganda
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Laboratory, Ministry of Livestock Development, P.O. Box 18021, Embakasi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kirsten Tjørnehøj
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, Kalvehave, DK 4771, Denmark
| | - Moses Tefula Dhikusooka
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Vincent B Muwanika
- Department of Environmental Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062/7298, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Chrisostom Ayebazibwe
- National Animal Disease Diagnostics and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries, P. O. Box 513, Entebbe, Uganda
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Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus from outbreaks in Ecuador during 2009–2010 and cross-protection studies with the vaccine strain in use in the region. Vaccine 2011; 29:8230-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jiang T, Liang Z, Ren W, Chen J, Zhi X, Qi G, Yang Y, Liu Z, Liu X, Cai X. Development and validation of a lateral flow immunoassay using colloidal gold for the identification of serotype-specific foot-and-mouth disease virus O, A and Asia 1. J Virol Methods 2011; 171:74-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Perkins J, Clavijo A, Ortiz JI, Salo TJ, Holland HJ, Hindson BJ, McBride MT. Toward a multiplexed serotyping immunoassay for foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Vet Diagn Invest 2007; 19:180-4. [PMID: 17402613 DOI: 10.1177/104063870701900207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial results demonstrating the feasibility of a multiplexed liquid array immunoassay for foot-and-mouth disease viral antigen detection and simultaneous serotype differentiation are presented. Serotype-specific antibodies from rabbit and guinea pig hyperimmunesera were isolated and prepared for use in a multiplexed, bead-based assay. The performance of all of the available antibodies as both capture and detector reagents was evaluated in the multiplexed system to establish a combination exhibiting the highest homotypic responses and lowest heterotypic reactions. The multiplexed assay was evaluated against inactivated cell culture supernatant samples of the same subtype as the virus used to raise the capture and detector antibodies. Distinct serotype differentiation was observed, except in the case of serotype SAT1. Subsequently, cell culture supernatant samples from a larger pool of viral subtypes were analyzed. Distinct serotype differentiation was obtained when analyzing cell culture supernatant samples from viral serotypes C, Asia, and SAT3, irrespective of the subtype. However, limitations of the current antibody pairs were realized in some inconclusive results obtained when analyzing samples from a broader range of O, A, and SAT2 subtypes. The results obtained in this initial study will be used to further optimize the assay using polyvalent or monoclonal antibodies and move toward the analysis of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Perkins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA
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14
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Clavijo A, Viera-Pereira PJ, Bergmann I. Use of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the rapid diagnosis of foot and mouth disease in South America. Vet Res Commun 2003; 27:63-71. [PMID: 12625404 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022062724543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a limiting factor for the economic progress of the animal industry in South America. The presence of the disease results in the imposition of national and international sanitary barriers to animals and animal products, and, most especially, a reduction in the availability of protein from animal origin and in income. Rapid and accurate identification of infected animals, those with either clinical or subclinical disease as well as with persistent infection, is essential for maintaining an efficient eradication programme. The polymerase chain reaction was used to rapidly identify infected animals. With a primer set that corresponds to a conserved region of the 3D sequence of the viral genome, it was possible to amplify, regardless of the serotype, 116 strains of FMD virus, of which 109 were strains collected from outbreaks of FMD throughout South America from 1945 to the most recent outbreaks in 2000/2001. The PCR technique should be of considerable value in facilitating the diagnosis of FMD in South America. where laboratory resources are limited and a rapid response is needed, particularly in areas where national programmes for controlling or eradicating the disease are being implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Clavijo
- Pan American Foot-and-Mouth Disease Center, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Alonso A, Darsie GC, Teixeira AC, Reis JL, Mesquita JA. Application of monoclonal antibodies to quality control of foot-and-mouth disease vaccines. Vaccine 1994; 12:682-6. [PMID: 8091844 DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(94)90216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Panels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) produced against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus types O, A and C were selected for cell culture neutralization titre (NT), mouse protection index (MPI), trypsin sensitivity (TS) and avidity to different epitopes. The selected sets were used to assay the antigen concentration and the fit between FMDV vaccine and challenge strains. It was observed that FMD vaccines protect more than 75% of vaccinated cattle when manufactured with antigens characterized by (1) a high degree of fit with the potency control virus, and (2) mean ELISA 50% titres (T50) > 28 for O, > 18 for A and > 75 for C types, respectively, using the corresponding mAb set.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alonso
- Pan American Foot-and-Mouth Disease Center (PAHO/WHO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Alonso A, Gomes MD, Ramalho AK, Allende R, Barahona H, Söndahl MS, Osorio FA. Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus by monoclonal antibodies. Viral Immunol 1993; 6:219-28. [PMID: 7507329 DOI: 10.1089/vim.1993.6.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus types O1 Campos Br1/58, A24 Cruzeiro Br1/55, and C3 Indaial Br1/71, which are the strains used for production of FMD vaccines in the majority of South American countries. Within the library of MAbs produced, a group was selected on the basis of their neutralizing titer in cell culture, protective titer in suckling mice, sensitivity to trypsin, and specificity for virus structural proteins. The MAbs were utilized in an ELISA test format to compare European and South American representative field isolates with vaccine production strains in their r1 relationship as obtained by 50% complement fixation (CF50) with polyclonal antibodies (PAb) and their virus neutralization (VN) relationship obtained with sera from one-time-vaccinated and from revaccinated cattle, respectively. The MAbs selected varied in their reactivity against the different strains and, therefore, enabled us to compare field FMDV strains to those against which the MAbs were produced, with definite advantages over the r1 and VN ratios. Thus, panels of MAb produced with the vaccine strains and appropriately selected are significantly useful for the FMD-control programs because they serve to provide guidance on the immunological coverage provided by the vaccines against FMDV strains circulating in the field. The MAbs are also useful for the differentiation of FMD virus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alonso
- Pan American Foot-and-Mouth Disease Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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