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Omondi AA, Day AM, Washington R, Burns PB. Attitudes and Misconceptions of Coronavirus Disease and Vaccination Among African Americans in Rural Mississippi. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:1358-1370. [PMID: 37190668 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2212443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recommendations for COVID-19 preventive health behaviors, it continues to increase alarmingly. This study examined how media coverage, myths, political leaders, and community leaders influence the attitudes and misconceptions about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination uptake in the Mississippi Delta region. This qualitative study employed focus group discussions (FDGs) with representatives from three rural counties in the Mississippi Delta. A thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. Participants were aware of how COVID-19 is transmitted, the preventative measures that can be used to mitigate the spread of the virus, and misconceptions and beliefs that lingered in their communities. Participants were uncertain about the need for the COVID-19 vaccine in terms of perceived risks (e.g., side effects, efficacy, and safety) and its novelty. Participants also discussed a wide range of COVID-19 misinformation that resulted in distress and distrust of the vaccine and health behavior recommendations. There are varying misconceptions and beliefs about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine among communities in the rural Mississippi Delta. Thus, multi-sectoral collaborations between agencies that can use risk communication frameworks to deliver accurate health information that can resolve misinformation about COVID-19 in rural communities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Omondi
- Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, Jackson State University
| | | | - Rodney Washington
- Department of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Paul B Burns
- Department of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center
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De Guzman C, Thomas CA, Wiwanto L, Hu D, Henriquez-Rivera J, Gage L, Perreault JC, Harris E, Rastas C, McCormick D, Gaffney A. Health Care Access and COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Med Care 2024; 62:380-387. [PMID: 38728678 DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000002005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although federal legislation made COVID-19 vaccines free, inequities in access to medical care may affect vaccine uptake. OBJECTIVE To assess whether health care access was associated with uptake and timeliness of COVID-19 vaccination in the United States. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING 2021 National Health Interview Survey (Q2-Q4). SUBJECTS In all, 21,532 adults aged≥18 were included in the study. MEASURES Exposures included 4 metrics of health care access: health insurance, having an established place for medical care, having a physician visit within the past year, and medical care affordability. Outcomes included receipt of 1 or more COVID-19 vaccines and receipt of a first vaccine within 6 months of vaccine availability. We examined the association between each health care access metric and outcome using logistic regression, unadjusted and adjusted for demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic covariates. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, each metric of health care access was associated with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and (among those vaccinated) early vaccination. In adjusted analyses, having health coverage (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.60; 95% CI: 1.39, 1.84), a usual place of care (AOR 1.58; 95% CI: 1.42, 1.75), and a doctor visit within the past year (AOR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.62) remained associated with higher rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Only having a usual place of care was associated with early vaccine uptake in adjusted analyses. LIMITATIONS Receipt of COVID-19 vaccination was self-reported. CONCLUSIONS Several metrics of health care access are associated with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Policies that achieve universal coverage, and facilitate long-term relationships with trusted providers, may be an important component of pandemic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles De Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chloe A Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lynn Wiwanto
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dier Hu
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jose Henriquez-Rivera
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lily Gage
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jaclyn C Perreault
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Emily Harris
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Charlotte Rastas
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Danny McCormick
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Adam Gaffney
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Muis KR, Kendeou P, Kohatsu M, Wang S. "Let's get back to normal": emotions mediate the effects of persuasive messages on willingness to vaccinate for COVID-19. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1377973. [PMID: 38756873 PMCID: PMC11098132 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We examined the effectiveness of three different messages for persuading individuals to get vaccinated against COVID-19, and the role that emotions play in persuasion. Methods Four hundred-thirty-six participants reported their concern about the COVID-19 pandemic and confidence/hesitancy toward vaccines. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three text conditions: (1) self-interest: a persuasive message that focused on how much of a "serious threat COVID-19 is to you," and to get vaccinated to "protect yourself"; (2) self-interest + altruistic: a persuasive message that focused on the "threat to you and your community" and to get vaccinated to "protect you and your loved ones"; (3) self-interest + altruistic + normal: a persuasive message that included (2) but added "This is the only way we can get back to a normal life."; and, (4) a baseline control: no text. After reading, participants reported their emotions toward COVID-19 vaccines and their willingness to get vaccinated. Results Individuals in the self-interest + altruistic + normal condition were more willing to get vaccinated compared to the control condition and self-interest + altruistic condition. However, there were no differences in willingness between the self-interest + altruistic + normal condition and the self-interest condition. Moreover, emotions mediated relations between vaccine confidence/hesitancy and willingness. Conclusion A message that focuses on "getting back to normal" can achieve important public health action by increasing vaccine uptake to protect the population. Future work is needed across multiple countries and contexts (i.e., non-pandemic) to assess message effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista R. Muis
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Panayiota Kendeou
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Martina Kohatsu
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuting Wang
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Verschoor CP, Theou O, Ma J, Montgomery P, Mossey S, Nangia P, Saskin R, Savage DW. Age- and sex-specific associations of frailty with mortality and healthcare utilization in community-dwelling adults from ontario, Canada. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:223. [PMID: 38438981 PMCID: PMC10913570 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how health trajectories are related to the likelihood of adverse outcomes and healthcare utilization is key to planning effective strategies for improving health span and the delivery of care to older adults. Frailty measures are useful tools for risk stratification in community-based and primary care settings, although their effectiveness in adults younger than 60 is not well described. METHODS We performed a 10-year retrospective analysis of secondary data from the Ontario Health Study, which included 161,149 adults aged ≥ 18. Outcomes including all-cause mortality and hospital admissions were obtained through linkage to ICES administrative databases with a median follow-up of 7.1-years. Frailty was characterized using a 30-item frailty index. RESULTS Frailty increased linearly with age and was higher for women at all ages. A 0.1-increase in frailty was significantly associated with mortality (HR = 1.47), the total number of outpatient (IRR = 1.35) and inpatient (IRR = 1.60) admissions over time, and length of stay (IRR = 1.12). However, with exception to length of stay, these estimates differed depending on age and sex. The hazard of death associated with frailty was greater at younger ages, particularly in women. Associations with admissions also decreased with age, similarly between sexes for outpatient visits and more so in men for inpatient. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that frailty is an important health construct for both younger and older adults. Hence targeted interventions to reduce the impact of frailty before the age of 60 would likely have important economic and social implications in both the short- and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris P Verschoor
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
- NOSM University, Sudbury/Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
- , 56 Walford Road, Rm. 119, P3E 2H2, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
| | - Olga Theou
- School of Physiotherapy, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jinhui Ma
- Dept. of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Sharolyn Mossey
- School of Nursing, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Parveen Nangia
- School of Social Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | | | - David W Savage
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada
- NOSM University, Sudbury/Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
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Zhu Q, Gao Y, Hu Q, Hu D, Wu X. A study on the factors influencing the intention to receive booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine in China based on the information frame effect. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1258188. [PMID: 38444439 PMCID: PMC10913603 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1258188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the response to and prevention and control of the Novel coronavirus pneumonia, the COVID-19 vaccine does not provide lifelong immunity, and it is therefore important to increase the rate of booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine. In the field of information health science, research has found that information frames have an impact in changing individual attitudes and health behaviors. Objective This study focuses on the effects of different influencing factors on the public's willingness to receive the booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine under two information frameworks. Methods An online questionnaire was conducted to explore the effects of demographic characteristics, personal awareness, social relationships, risk disclosure, perceived booster vaccination protection rate, and duration of protection under the assumption of an information framework. T test and one-way analysis were used to testing the effect of variables. Results (1) The persuasion effect under the gain frame is higher than that under the loss frame (B = 0.863 vs. B = 0.746); (2) There was no significant difference in subjects' intention of booster vaccination in terms of gender, age, income, occupation, educational background and place of residence. Whether family members received booster vaccination was strongly correlated with their intention of vaccination under the loss framework (p = 0.017, M = 4.63, SD = 0.664). (3) The higher the understanding of COVID-19, the higher the degree of compliance with the government's COVID-19 prevention and control measures, and the higher the willingness to strengthen vaccination; (4) Risk disclosure has a significant impact on people's willingness to receive COVID-19 booster shots (M = 2.48, under the loss framework; M = 2.44, under the gain framework); (5) Vaccine protection rate and duration of protection have an impact on people's willingness to vaccinate. Increased willingness to vaccinate when the protection rate of booster vaccine approaches 90% (M = 4.76, under the loss framework; M = 4.68, under the gain framework). When the vaccine protection period is 2 years, people are more willing to receive a booster vaccine; and the willingness to receive a booster shot is stronger under the loss framework (M = 4.60, SD = 0.721, p = 0.879). Conclusion The impact of the information framework on COVID-19 vaccination intentions is different, and the disclosure of relevant health information should focus on the impact of the information framework and content on the public's behavior toward strengthening vaccination. Therefore, in the face of public health emergencies, public health departments, healthcare institutions, and other sectors can consider adopting the Gainful Information Framework tool to disseminate health information to achieve better persuasion and promote public health behavior change enhancing public health awareness, and promoting universal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhen Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Yunyun Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - DeHua Hu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xusheng Wu
- Shenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Abate BB, Tilahun BD, Yayeh BM. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance level and its determinants: an umbrella review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166750 PMCID: PMC10759439 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 vaccination is essential for reducing disease burden on a worldwide scale. The success of this strategy will largely depend on how well vaccines are received. Previous reviews had produced contradictory results, and there had been no umbrella review. Therefore, the objective of this umbrella review was to combine the contradictory data regarding the COVID-19 vaccination's global acceptance rate and its contributing factors. METHODS Using PRISMA guideline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus and Google Scholar which reported COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and/or its determinants were searched. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to find the pooled estimates. The subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also assessed. RESULT Twenty-two SRM with 10,433,306 study participants were included. The pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate globally is found to be 60.23 (95% CI: 58.27, 62.18). In low-income countries, the pooled level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was found to be 54.07(50.31, 57.83) while this magnitude is 64.32 (62.24,66.40) among studies across the globe. Higher level of education (AOR =1.96; 95% CI:1.20, 2.73), good level of knowledge (2.20; 95% CI:1.36, 3.03), favourable attitude (AOR =4.50; 95% CI:2.89, 6.12), previous history of COVID-19 infection (AOR =3.41; 95% CI:1.77, 5.06), male sex (AOR =1.62; 95% CI:1.47, 1.77), and chronic disease (AOR =1.54; 95% CI:1.18, 1.90) were predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSION The pooled level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance highly varied and found to be unacceptably low particularly in low-income countries. Higher level of education, good level of knowledge, favourable attitude, previous history of COVID-19, male sex, and chronic disease were factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate. A collaborative effort of stakeholders such as policymakers, and vaccine campaign program planners is needed to improve the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Beletew Abate
- Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
| | - Befkad Derese Tilahun
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Berihun Mulu Yayeh
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Kikut-Stein A. Behavioral Beliefs Predict Recommended Behaviors, Especially When Trust in Public Health Sources is Low: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study of Three COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors Among U.S. Adults. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 29:9-19. [PMID: 37955426 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2278615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Public distrust in official sources of health information and uncertainty about novel guidelines may discourage engagement in recommended disease prevention practices. The current study tests the hypothesis that building confidence in positive behavioral outcomes may support recommendation following even in the context of low trust in recommendation sources. This set of longitudinal studies examines the main and interaction effects of trust in official sources and behavioral beliefs in their prediction of recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors (facemask wearing, social distancing, vaccination). Repeated measurement data were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults in May/June 2020 (T1; n = 1074), July 2020 (T2; n = 889), and April/June 2021 (T3; n = 750). All five tests, using lagged linear regression, found negative interactions between trust and behavioral beliefs, as hypothesized; three were significant (T1-T2: facemask wearing B=-0.10, SE = 0.04; T1-T3: social distancing B=-0.20, SE = 0.06; T2-T3 vaccination B=-0.27, SE = 0.10) and two were consistent albeit not significant (T1-T3: social distancing B=-0.13, SE = 0.08; T1-T3: facemask wearing B=-0.11, SE = 0.06). Supporting hypotheses, trust in recommendation sources predicted behavior most among those who were less certain about behavioral outcomes and confidence in behavioral benefits predicted behavior most among those with low trust in recommendation sources. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Kikut-Stein
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health / Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Shao H, Lin XQ, Chen Y, Lv L, Ying CQ, Tung TH, Zhu JS. Willingness of college students to receive COVID-19 heterologous vaccination in Taizhou, China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2158012. [PMID: 36606519 PMCID: PMC9980617 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2158012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the willingness of college students to choose COVID-19 heterologous vaccination and its associated influencing factors in Taizhou, China. A population-based, self-administered online questionnaire was conducted from March 15 to 17, 2022. Of the 2,463 participants who had received the invitation, 1,821 responded to the survey (response rate = 73.9%). Only 14% (86/614) of those willing to receive a booster would chose a heterologous vaccination; the perception of better effectiveness of a COVID-19 heterologous vaccination booster was the significant factor (X2 = 22.671, p < .001). Additionally, female college students'older age (χ2 = 7.523, P = .023), major of medical (χ2 = 6.294, P = .012), and better perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 heterologous vaccination booster (χ2 = 22.659, P < .001), were more willing to receive heterologous booster doses. Chinese college students have a strong willingness to receive booster shots, but the percentage of those willing to receive a heterologous vaccine is only 14.0%, and the lack of understanding of its effectiveness is an important factor in the low proportion of heterologous vaccine selection. Health education, public health awareness, and the disclosure of heterologous vaccine information can help improve the public's understanding of heterologous vaccines and provide them with more choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Qian Ying
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Medical University, Wenzhou, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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Yang S, Tao R, Bhattar M, Shen L, Jones M, Garbacz A, Passmore SR. Designing and testing social media campaign messages to promote COVID-19 vaccine confidence among rural adults: A community-engaged approach featuring rural community leader and clinician testimonials. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102508. [PMID: 38116276 PMCID: PMC10728439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing availability of effective COVID-19 vaccines in rural communities in the United States, widespread vaccine hesitancy delays COVID-19 vaccine coverage in rural communities and threatens to worsen pre-pandemic rural-urban disparities in other vaccination rates, including influenza and routine pediatric immunizations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop communication-based interventions to improve vaccine confidence in rural America. This study demonstrates the efficacy of a community-engaged approach to developing social media campaign messages in promoting COVID-19 vaccine uptake and pro-vaccine social diffusion among rural adults. Using a community-engaged approach, we developed social media campaign videos varying in (a) featured messengers (clinicians versus community leaders) and (b) the presence of personal testimonials. We conducted a national online experiment (N = 1,364 rural adults) in spring 2022. We found that videos featuring clinicians serving rural communities and their testimonials increased (a) vaccination intentions in the unvaccinated group (4-point scale, b = 0.23, p =.015) and (b) intention to discuss the messages with others (4-point scale, b = 0.14, p =.037), share the message (4-point scale, b = 0.15, p =.026), and promote the vaccines to others (9-point scale, b = 0.48, p =.013). Results suggest that vaccine promotional social media campaigns targeting rural populations can benefit from including clinician testimonials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Yang
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ran Tao
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Mahima Bhattar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Liwei Shen
- Department of Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Malia Jones
- Department of Community & Environmental Sociology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI
| | - Andy Garbacz
- Department of Educational Psychology, School of Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Susan Racine Passmore
- Collaborative Center for Health Equity, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Tomás JM, Yupanqui-Lorenzo DE, Valencia PD, Carbajal-León C, Vilca LW, Ventura-León J, Paredes-Angeles R, Arias Gallegos WL, Reyes-Bossio M, Delgado-Campusano M, Gallegos M, Rojas-Jara C, Polanco-Carrasco R, Cervigni M, Martino P, Lobos-Rivera ME, Moreta-Herrera R, Palacios Segura DA, Samaniego-Pinho A, Buschiazzo Figares A, Puerta-Cortés DX, Camargo A, Torales J, Monge Blanco JA, González P, Smith-Castro V, Petzold-Rodriguez O, Corrales-Reyes IE, Calderón R, Matute Rivera WY, Ferrufino-Borja D, Ceballos-Vásquez P, Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia A, Palacios J, Burgos-Videla C, Florez León AME, Vergara I, Vega D, Shulmeyer MK, Barria-Asenjo NA, Urrutia Rios HT, Lira Lira AE. Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19, Conspiracy Beliefs About Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate Against COVID-19: A Cross-National Indirect Effect Model in 13 Latin American Countries. Eval Health Prof 2023; 46:371-383. [PMID: 37439361 PMCID: PMC10345832 DOI: 10.1177/01632787231186621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the predictive capacity of fear of COVID-19 on the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and the influence in this relationship of conspiracy beliefs as a possible mediating psychological variable, in 13 Latin American countries. A total of 5779 people recruited through non-probabilistic convenience sampling participated. To collect information, we used the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Vaccine conspiracy beliefs Scale-COVID-19 and a single item of intention to vaccinate. A full a priori Structural Equation Model was used; whereas, cross-country invariance was performed from increasingly restricted structural models. The results indicated that, fear of COVID-19 positively predicts intention to vaccinate and the presence of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. The latter negatively predicted intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Besides, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines had an indirect effect on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the 13 countries assessed. Finally, the cross-national similarities of the mediational model among the 13 participating countries are strongly supported. The study is the first to test a cross-national mediational model across variables in a large number of Latin American countries. However, further studies with other countries in other regions of the world are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Tomás
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, Universidad de Valencia, España
| | | | - Pablo D. Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlanepantla de Baz, Mexico
| | - Carlos Carbajal-León
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Lindsey W. Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - José Ventura-León
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Peru
| | - Rubí Paredes-Angeles
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Miguel Gallegos
- Programa de Pós-graduação de Psicologia, Pontificia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Claudio Rojas-Jara
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Mauricio Cervigni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación en Neurociencias de Rosario, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martino
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ciencias del Comportamiento (LICIC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Antonio Samaniego-Pinho
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Andrés Camargo
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio Torales
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Vanessa Smith-Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | | | - Ibraín Enrique Corrales-Reyes
- Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital General Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, Bayamo, Cuba
| | - Raymundo Calderón
- Colegio Estatal de Psicólogos en Intervención de Jalisco A.C. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Daniela Ferrufino-Borja
- Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Paula Ceballos-Vásquez
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Agueda Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Escuela de Postgrado, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Jorge Palacios
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Carmen Burgos-Videla
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Educación, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | | | - Ibeth Vergara
- Asociación Panameña de Psicólogos, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Latina de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Diego Vega
- Escuela de Psicologia, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marion K. Shulmeyer
- Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
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Katzman C, Morgan T, de Roche A, Harris J, Mauro C, Zimet G, Rosenthal S. Longitudinal assessment of COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A two-wave survey of a nationally representative U.S. sample. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289541. [PMID: 37796981 PMCID: PMC10553259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding factors that influence those who are initially COVID-19 vaccine hesitant to accept vaccination is valuable for the development of vaccine promotion strategies. Using Ipsos KnowledgePanel®, we conducted a national survey of adults aged 18 and older in the United States. We created a questionnaire to examine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake over a longitudinal period ("Wave 1" in April 2021 and "Wave 2" in February 2022), and utilized weighted data provided by Ipsos to make the data nationally representative. Overall, 1189 individuals participated in the Wave 1 survey, and 843 participants completed the Wave 2 survey (71.6% retention rate). Those who intended to be vaccinated as soon as possible ("ASAP") were overwhelmingly vaccinated by Wave 2 (96%, 95% CI: 92% to 100%). Of those who initially wished to delay vaccination until there was more experience with it ("Wait and See"), 57% (95% CI: 47% to 67%) were vaccinated at Wave 2. Within the "Wait and See" cohort, those with income <$50,000 and those who had never received the influenza vaccine were significantly less likely to be vaccinated at Wave 2. Among those who initially indicated that they would not receive a COVID-19 vaccine ("Non-Acceptors"), 28% (95% CI: 21% to 36%) were vaccinated at Wave 2. Those who believed COVID-19 was not a major problem in their community were significantly less likely to be vaccinated, while those with more favorable attitudes toward vaccines in general and public health strategies to decrease the impact of COVID-19 were significantly more likely to be vaccinated. Overall, barriers to vaccine uptake for the "Wait and See" cohort appear to be more practical, whereas barriers for the "Non-Acceptor" cohort seem to be more ideological. These findings will help target interventions to improve uptake of COVID-19 boosters and future novel vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Katzman
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tucker Morgan
- Department of Biostatistics at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ariel de Roche
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Julen Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Christine Mauro
- Department of Biostatistics at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Gregory Zimet
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Susan Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry at Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
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12
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Fleury-Bahi G, Sapin A, Navarro O, Boudoukha AH, Galharret JM, Bret A, Congard A. Willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19: the role of risk perception, trust in institutions, and affects. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1182114. [PMID: 37842709 PMCID: PMC10576432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to stop the COVID-19 pandemic and prevent severe disease. This study aims to ascertain the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in the French population before the vaccine was introduced (France's second lockdown) and during the roll-out of the vaccination campaign (France's third lockdown). We focus on the following as determinants of willingness to be vaccinated: risk perception, affects related to the risk, and trust in political and health institutions. Method The study was conducted among two convenient samples including 591 and 474 participants. The results show that the timing of the crisis was important. While the intention to be vaccinated was relatively low before the vaccines were introduced, it became significantly higher when the vaccination campaign was deployed. Results The results show that risk perception and trust in health institutions are the most relevant predictors of intention to be vaccinated. Discussion Results are discussed in terms of the effectiveness of communication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud Sapin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Oscar Navarro
- Laboratoire CHROME, Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Abdel Halim Boudoukha
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Galharret
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), CNRS, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Amélie Bret
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Congard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France
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13
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Reyes CT, Cao W, Astorini AG, Drohan MM, Schulz CT, Shuster CL, Robbins ML, Yang M, Stamates AL. Using the theory of planned behavior to assess willingness and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination among a predominantly white U.S. college sample. Health Psychol Behav Med 2023; 11:2248236. [PMID: 37601893 PMCID: PMC10438853 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2248236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Through the lens of behavioral models such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Health Belief Model, the present study (1) investigated U.S. university students' willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and (2) examined predictors (e.g. demographics, past vaccine experience, TPB constructs) of vaccine willingness. Method University students (n = 170) completed a survey assessing demographics, health behaviors, attitudes, perceived severity/susceptibility, norms, and vaccine intentions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from April 2020 through July 2020. Results Overall, 56.5% of participants indicated that they would be willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine once it is available, 39.4% were unsure of whether they would receive the vaccine, and 4.1% indicated they would not receive the vaccine. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that greater adherence to CDC guidelines (p = .030) and greater perceived pro-vaccine norms (p < .001) predicted greater vaccine willingness. Conclusions Results from this study are consistent with previous literature on vaccine hesitancy, whereby normative beliefs and adherence to CDC guidelines were found to be determinants of vaccine willingness. To reduce transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic, interventions aimed at promoting positive attitudes towards vaccination should aim to incorporate these observed determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheyenne T. Reyes
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Wenqiu Cao
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | | | - Megan M. Drohan
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | | | - Coral L. Shuster
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Mark L. Robbins
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Manshu Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Amy L. Stamates
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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14
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Yang S, Shen L, Gregory S, Probst B, Farrar-Edwards D, Passmore SR. Applying the Hornik & Woolf Approach to Identify Messaging Themes and Improve COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Among Federally Qualified Health Centers' Workforce in Wisconsin. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:507-525. [PMID: 37417770 PMCID: PMC10527504 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2230929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in Wisconsin serve the most under-resourced communities in the state and are trusted sources in local communities. Although healthcare workers can be leveraged to champion COVID-19 vaccines, existing vaccine hesitancy among the FQHC workforce itself calls for research to identify promising messaging themes that can boost their vaccine confidence. In spring 2021, through a partnership with the Wisconsin Primary Health Association, we took a community-engaged approach to develop and field a survey including 46 beliefs (Ms = 1.36-4.25, SDs = 0.81-1.46, all on 5-point Likert scales) among employees of 10 out of the 17 FQHCs in Wisconsin. In total, 347 clinical team members and 349 non-clinical staff members (a) indicated their levels of (dis)agreement with all 46 belief items and (b) reported vaccine acceptance (dichotomized, acceptance = 77.6%) as well as recommendation intentions (dichotomized, yes = 73.9%). We carried out the Hornik & Woolf analyses in a multilevel logistic regression framework with bootstrapping to rank order all beliefs, segmented by subgroup and behavioral outcome. Our results suggest that communication-based interventions should promote beliefs such as those related to perceived safety and efficacy, rather than normative pressure from peers, while aiming to reduce doubts about information withholding and manipulation, the safety of the mRNA technology, the approval process, and "unnatural" ingredients in the vaccines. Subgroup-specific belief rankings are also provided. This study demonstrates the usefulness of incorporating the H&W approach into community-engaged research with local healthcare systems to improve health messaging for vaccine promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Yang
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Liwei Shen
- Department of Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Dorothy Farrar-Edwards
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Susan Racine Passmore
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Olugbenga-Bello AI, Bamidele OO, Ilori OR, Ige RO, Anegbe NE. Community perception and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine in South-West Nigeria: an online cross-sectional study. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2393. [PMID: 37680871 PMCID: PMC10481902 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The development of COVID-19 vaccines holds great potential for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines, irrespective of the disease are generally fraught with hesitancy, and Nigeria has a history of vaccine hesitancy. Objective This study aimed at determining the perception of community members about the COVID-19 vaccine and their readiness to accept the vaccine in South West, Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from consenting adults using a structured online questionnaire for a period of three weeks. Data were subjected to a Chi-square test and logistic regression for bivariate and multivariate analysis, respectively. Results A total of 807 respondents participated in the survey with 57.7% males and 42.3% females. Forty-five respondents (5.6%) had previously been diagnosed with COVID-19 while 11.5% of the respondents had co-morbidity. The overall perception of COVID-19 vaccines was good. Fifty-nine (59%) percent of the respondents were willing to accept the vaccine and will also encourage their family members to take the vaccine. Vaccine origin and cost were determinants of vaccine acceptability. Nonacceptability of the vaccine (61.6%) was based on possible adverse effects of the vaccine and mistrust of the government. Educational level, skill status, type of employment, and sector of employment were associated (P<0.001) with the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions Citizens were willing to take COVID-19 vaccines, however, a lack of trust in government programs might undermine the vaccine campaign. Hence, the government needs to rebuild trust with the citizens towards achieving a high vaccination rate for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adenike Iyanuoluwa Olugbenga-Bello
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State
| | | | - Oluwatosin Ruth Ilori
- Department of Community Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Roseline Olabisi Ige
- Department of Community Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Norbertta Ekpen Anegbe
- Department of Community Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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16
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Perry LM, Peipert JD, Kircher SM, Cantoral J, Penedo FJ, Garcia SF. Adverse COVID-19 experiences and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors: indirect effects of COVID-19-related depression and financial burden. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2023; 7:71. [PMID: 37458820 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer survivors are at greater risk for poor health outcomes due to COVID-19. However, the pandemic's impact on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is not well known. This study hypothesized that cancer survivors' adverse COVID-19 experiences would be associated with worse HRQoL. Further, this association would be moderated by psychosocial resiliency factors (perceived social support, benefits, and ability to manage stress) and mediated by psychosocial risk factors (anxiety, depression; health, financial and social concerns). METHODS 1,043 cancer survivors receiving care at Northwestern Medicine completed a cross-sectional survey on COVID-19 practical and psychosocial concerns from 6/2021 to 3/2022. Participants reported on 21 adverse COVID-19 experiences (e.g., COVID-19 hospitalization, death of family/friends, loss of income, medical delays). The survey assessed 9 psychosocial factors related to COVID-19: anxiety, depression; health care, financial, and social disruptions; health care satisfaction; social support, perceived benefits, and stress management skills. The FACT-G7 assessed HRQoL. Hypotheses were tested in a structural equation model. The number of reported adverse COVID-19 experiences was the primary (observed) independent variable. The dependent variable of HRQoL, and the proposed mediating and moderating factors, were entered as latent variables indicated by their respective survey items. Latent interaction terms between the independent variable and each resiliency factor tested moderation effects. Analyses were adjusted for demographic and COVID-specific variables. RESULTS Participants were, on average, aged 58 years and diagnosed with cancer 4.9 years prior. They were majority female (73.3%), White (89.6%), non-Hispanic/Latino (94.5%), college-educated (81.7%), and vaccinated for COVID-19 (95.5%). An average of 3.8 adverse COVID-19 experiences were reported. Results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that the association between adverse COVID-19 experiences and HRQoL was explained by indirect effects through COVID-19-related depression (β = - 0.10, percentile bootstrap 95% CI - 0.15 to - 0.07) and financial concerns (β = - 0.04, percentile bootstrap 95% CI - 0.07 to - 0.01). Hypotheses testing moderation by resiliency factors were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Adverse COVID-19 experiences were associated with higher depression symptoms and financial concerns about COVID-19, and in turn, worse HRQoL. Oncology clinics should be cognizant of the experience of adverse COVID-19 events when allocating depression and financial support resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Perry
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - John D Peipert
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sheetal M Kircher
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jackelyn Cantoral
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sofia F Garcia
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kaewkrajang P, Jatchavala C, Sangsuwan T. Anxiety, Optimism, and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Students in a University in Southern Thailand during the 2021 Academic Year. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1157. [PMID: 37514973 PMCID: PMC10384836 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors, including anxiety and optimism, surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic among Thai university students. An online observational cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were performed using R. In total, 409 university students participated in the study. Most reported high anxiety levels (69.4%), while more than half also expressed high levels of optimism associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (51.1%). Only 4.4% were unvaccinated, among whom 50% were hesitant to receive vaccination (2.2%). Per statistical analysis, those who perceived the available vaccines as low safety were significantly associated with a higher risk of vaccine hesitancy (p = 0.03). In contrast, those who reported that they would likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine if recommended to by their doctors or pharmacists were significantly associated with lower vaccine hesitancy (p = 0.048). However, both anxiety and optimism regarding the COVID-19 pandemic were not associated with vaccine hesitancy. Thus, healthcare workers play an important role in COVID-19 vaccination counseling to prevent transmission. Health education during the pandemic should focus on COVID-19 infection as well as COVID-19 vaccines, including their safety and their adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharawan Kaewkrajang
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chonnakarn Jatchavala
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla 90110, Thailand
| | - Tharntip Sangsuwan
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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18
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Aksentijevic D, Tanner R, Lazović-Pita L, Peštek A, Abdić A. Determinants of COVID-19 immunisation uptake in a country with high mortality and a low vaccination rate. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1322-1331. [PMID: 37343504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research concerned with attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in upper middle-income countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is scarce. Currently, B&H has the lowest number of fully vaccinated adults in Europe, and the highest cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths and SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. The aim of our study was to examine the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination status in B&H. METHODS An online survey among 1304 B&H adults was conducted in October 2021 evaluating vaccine acceptance, together with socio-demographic variables, attitudes and beliefs related to COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS The results from a binary logistic regression indicate that those who believed that the COVID-19 vaccine was effective were 45 times more likely to be vaccinated compared to those who did not. We also show that those who had received childhood immunisations were 41 times more likely to be vaccinated against COVID-19 compared to those who had never been previously immunised. Other significant factors were related to respondents' trust in government institutions and healthcare policymakers as well as trust in public healthcare workers. CONCLUSION We suggest that future vaccination campaigns should be aimed at educating the public regarding the importance and safety of vaccines, together with strengthening trust in the public health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Aksentijevic
- Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Rachel Tanner
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lejla Lazović-Pita
- School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Trg oslobodjenja 1, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Almir Peštek
- School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Trg oslobodjenja 1, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ademir Abdić
- School of Economics and Business, University of Sarajevo, Trg oslobodjenja 1, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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19
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Lan C, Chen YC, Chang YI, Chuang PC. Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Uptake: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11050986. [PMID: 37243090 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11050986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, global vaccination efforts declined due to the burden on health systems and community resistance to epidemic control measures. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines have been recommended for vulnerable populations to prevent severe pneumonia. We investigated community response towards influenza and pneumococcal vaccines (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) after the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan. We retrospectively included adults who visited Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH) institutions for influenza or pneumococcal vaccination from January 2018 to December 2021. The first case of COVID-19 in Taiwan was detected in January 2020; therefore, in this study, hospitalized cases from January 2018 to December 2019 were defined as "before COVID-19 outbreak," and hospitalized cases from January 2020 to December 2021 were defined as "after COVID-19 outbreak". A total of 105,386 adults were enrolled in the study. An increase in influenza vaccination (n = 33,139 vs. n = 62,634) and pneumococcal vaccination (n = 3035 vs. n = 4260) were observed after the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, there was an increased willingness to receive both influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations among women, adults without underlying disease and younger adults. The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased awareness of the importance of vaccination in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Lan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ye-In Chang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chuang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
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20
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Tejero LMS, Seva RR, Petelo Ilagan BJ, Almajose KL. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination decision among Filipino adults. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:851. [PMID: 37165332 PMCID: PMC10170431 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With a number of vaccines against COVID-19 now widely available globally, it is opportune to determine what tips the decision to get vaccinated. In most countries like the Philippines where the government provides these vaccines for free to all its citizens, their COVID-19 vaccine awareness and COVID-19 information sources as well as their socio-demographic profile were considered as primary factors that could possibly affect vaccination decisions. Participants' income level was considered as a possible financial consideration that can affect vaccination decision as transport to vaccination sites might entail costs to them. METHODS This study used a cross sectional survey design wherein participants came from all regions of the Philippines. An online questionnaire was voluntarily answered by Filipinos aged 18-80 years of age. RESULTS A total of 2,268 participated in the survey with 1,462 having complete responses which were included in the analysis. Those who are younger, with higher educational attainment, with public health insurance, with employers requiring vaccination, high awareness about COVID-19 vaccination, and high vaccine confidence are more likely to get vaccinated. On the other hand, those with long-standing illness and those residing outside the national capital region are less likely to get vaccinated. CONCLUSION Vaccination decisions among Filipinos are determined by their age, educational attainment, health insurance, employer requirement, high awareness of the disease, and a high level of vaccine confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosemary Ruiz Seva
- Industrial and Systems Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
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Rando HM, Lordan R, Lee AJ, Naik A, Wellhausen N, Sell E, Kolla L, Gitter A, Greene CS. Application of Traditional Vaccine Development Strategies to SARS-CoV-2. mSystems 2023; 8:e0092722. [PMID: 36861991 PMCID: PMC10134813 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00927-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 150 years, vaccines have revolutionized the relationship between people and disease. During the COVID-19 pandemic, technologies such as mRNA vaccines have received attention due to their novelty and successes. However, more traditional vaccine development platforms have also yielded important tools in the worldwide fight against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A variety of approaches have been used to develop COVID-19 vaccines that are now authorized for use in countries around the world. In this review, we highlight strategies that focus on the viral capsid and outwards, rather than on the nucleic acids inside. These approaches fall into two broad categories: whole-virus vaccines and subunit vaccines. Whole-virus vaccines use the virus itself, in either an inactivated or an attenuated state. Subunit vaccines contain instead an isolated, immunogenic component of the virus. Here, we highlight vaccine candidates that apply these approaches against SARS-CoV-2 in different ways. In a companion article (H. M. Rando, R. Lordan, L. Kolla, E. Sell, et al., mSystems 8:e00928-22, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00928-22), we review the more recent and novel development of nucleic acid-based vaccine technologies. We further consider the role that these COVID-19 vaccine development programs have played in prophylaxis at the global scale. Well-established vaccine technologies have proved especially important to making vaccines accessible in low- and middle-income countries. Vaccine development programs that use established platforms have been undertaken in a much wider range of countries than those using nucleic acid-based technologies, which have been led by wealthy Western countries. Therefore, these vaccine platforms, though less novel from a biotechnological standpoint, have proven to be extremely important to the management of SARS-CoV-2. IMPORTANCE The development, production, and distribution of vaccines is imperative to saving lives, preventing illness, and reducing the economic and social burdens caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines that use cutting-edge biotechnology have played an important role in mitigating the effects of SARS-CoV-2. However, more traditional methods of vaccine development that were refined throughout the 20th century have been especially critical to increasing vaccine access worldwide. Effective deployment is necessary to reducing the susceptibility of the world's population, which is especially important in light of emerging variants. In this review, we discuss the safety, immunogenicity, and distribution of vaccines developed using established technologies. In a separate review, we describe the vaccines developed using nucleic acid-based vaccine platforms. From the current literature, it is clear that the well-established vaccine technologies are also highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 and are being used to address the challenges of COVID-19 globally, including in low- and middle-income countries. This worldwide approach is critical for reducing the devastating impact of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halie M. Rando
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexandra J. Lee
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amruta Naik
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nils Wellhausen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sell
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Likhitha Kolla
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - COVID-19 Review Consortium
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony Gitter
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Casey S. Greene
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Center for Health AI, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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22
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Waters AR, Anderson JS, Mann K, Lopez PLV, Kepka D, Kirchhoff AC, Warner EL. Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccine Intent Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer: a Mixed Method Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:562-570. [PMID: 35344162 PMCID: PMC8958487 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer are susceptible to severe COVID-19 outcomes due to their cancer history. Drivers of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and willingness are largely unexplored among AYA cancer survivors. METHODS We surveyed survivors of AYA cancer from October 2020-February 2021 who received services through an AYA cancer care program. Survey measures included vaccine hesitancy on a five-point Likert scale and an open-ended question on vaccine intent. Open-ended responses were content analyzed through two cycles of structured coding. Quantitative vaccine intent and qualitative drivers of intent were integrated during data analysis. RESULTS Of participants who responded to the open-ended vaccine intent question (N = 300), 39.0% reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Qualitative content analysis resulted in N = 517 codes and seven content categories. The most common content category associated with hesitancy included COVID-19 vaccine development, approval, and efficacy (34.5%; p value ≤ 0.001), as well as content areas including presence of misinformation about COVID-19 in the response (4.8%; p value = 0.04), the desire for more information about COVID-19/COVID-19 vaccine (6.0%; p value ≤ 0.001), and reference to political influence on participants' intent to get the vaccine (2.5%; p value = 0.005). The most common category associated with vaccine willingness was personal perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination including protecting oneself and others (36.6% of codes; p value ≤ 0.001), followed by pro-vaccine beliefs (8.3%; p value ≤ 0.001) and trust in science (3.9%; p value ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Common drivers of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among survivors of AYA cancer include concern about vaccine side effects and approval process, and misinformation. Cancer survivors COVID-19 vaccine uptake could be improved by focusing communication on drivers of willingness, motivational interviewing, and physician recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R Waters
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - John S Anderson
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Karely Mann
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Perla L Vaca Lopez
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Deanna Kepka
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anne C Kirchhoff
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Echo L Warner
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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23
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Waring ME, Pagoto SL, Rudin LR, Ho C, Horkachuck A, Kapoor IA, Foye Q. Factors associated with mothers' hesitancy to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. J Behav Med 2023; 46:179-184. [PMID: 34981306 PMCID: PMC8723796 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy can impact maternal and child vaccination rates. We examined factors associated with mothers' hesitancy to receive a COVID-19 vaccine using data from an online survey conducted from mid-February to mid-March 2021. Among unvaccinated participants (N = 203), 28% reported that they would probably not or definitely not get a COVID-19 vaccine. Mothers with high school/GED/trade/technical education (38% hesitant, aOR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.2-13.2), Associate's degree (43%, aOR = 6.8, 95% CI: 2.4-19.5), and Bachelor's degree (30%, aOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.4) were more likely to report vaccine hesitancy compared to mothers with a graduate degree (19%). Non-Hispanic Black mothers (40% hesitant, aOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.0-7.6) were more likely to be vaccine hesitant compared to non-Hispanic white mothers (19%). Mothers with low pandemic-related anxiety were more likely to report vaccine hesitancy than mothers with high pandemic-related anxiety (56% vs 23% hesitant; aOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.7-14.1). Research is needed to understand informational, emotional, and attitudinal factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among mothers to develop and test effective public health messaging to increase vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Waring
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Sherry L Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Lauren R Rudin
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Chloe Ho
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Alexa Horkachuck
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Indra A Kapoor
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Quamyia Foye
- Department of Allied Health Sciences and UConn Center for mHealth and Social Media, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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24
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Harris JN, Mauro C, Andresen JA, Zimet GD, Rosenthal SL. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes towards mandates in a nationally representative U.S. sample. J Behav Med 2023; 46:25-39. [PMID: 35486335 PMCID: PMC9051757 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Widespread uptake of COVID-19 vaccination is vital to curtailing the pandemic, yet rates remain suboptimal in the U.S. Vaccine mandates have previously been successful, but are controversial. An April 2021 survey of a nationally representative sample (N = 1208) examined vaccine uptake, attitudes, and sociodemographic characteristics. Sixty-seven percent were vaccine acceptors, 14% wait-and-see, and 19% non-acceptors. Compared to wait-and-see and non-acceptors, acceptors were more likely to have a household member over age 65, have received a flu shot, have positive COVID-19 vaccine attitudes, and view COVID-19 vaccination as beneficial. Mandate support was higher among respondents who were vaccine acceptors, had positive views about COVID-19 vaccines, believed in COVID-19 preventive strategies, perceived COVID-19 as severe, were liberal, resided in the Northeast, were non-White, and had incomes < $75,000. Public health campaigns should target attitudes that appear to drive hesitancy and prepare for varying mandate support based on demographics, COVID-19 vaccine attitudes, and the scope of the mandate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julen N Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th St, 17th Fl Room 102A, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Mauro
- Department of Biostatistics at the Mailman School of Public Health at, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jane A Andresen
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th St, 17th Fl Room 102A, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th St, 17th Fl Room 102A, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry at Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Adu P, Popoola T, Medvedev ON, Collings S, Mbinta J, Aspin C, Simpson CR. Implications for COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A systematic review. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:441-466. [PMID: 36738689 PMCID: PMC9884645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, increasing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination coverage remains a major public health concern in the face of high rates of COVID-19 hesitancy among the general population. We must understand the impact of the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake when designing national vaccination programmes. We aimed to synthesise nationwide evidence regarding COVID-19 infodemics and the demographic, psychological, and social predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake. METHODS We systematically searched seven databases between July 2021 and March 2022 to retrieve relevant articles published since COVID-19 was first reported on 31 December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Of the 12,502 peer-reviewed articles retrieved from the databases, 57 met the selection criteria and were included in this systematic review. We explored COVID-19 vaccine uptake determinants before and after the first COVID-19 vaccine roll-out by the Food and Drug Authority (FDA). RESULTS Increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake rates were associated with decreased hesitancy. Concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety, negative side effects, rapid development of the COVID-19 vaccine, and uncertainty about vaccine effectiveness were associated with reluctance to be vaccinated. After the US FDA approval of COVID-19 vaccines, phobia of medical procedures such as vaccine injection and inadequate information about vaccines were the main determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSION Addressing effectiveness and safety concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccines, as well as providing adequate information about vaccines and the impacts of pandemics, should be considered before implementation of any vaccination programme. Reassuring people about the safety of medical vaccination and using alternative procedures such as needle-free vaccination may help further increase vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adu
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Tosin Popoola
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Sunny Collings
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - James Mbinta
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Clive Aspin
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Colin R. Simpson
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
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26
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Cousin L, Roberts S, Brownstein NC, Whiting J, Kasting ML, Head KJ, Vadaparampil ST, Giuliano AR, Gwede CK, Meade CD, Christy SM. Factors associated with parental COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and intentions among a national sample of United States adults ages 18-45. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 69:108-115. [PMID: 36716520 PMCID: PMC9852321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explored factors associated with parents' attitudes and intentions to seek information about the COVID-19 vaccine for their children (ages 0-18) and intentions to vaccinate their age-eligible children. DESIGN AND METHODS As part of an anonymous online cross-sectional survey, parents' vaccine attitudes, COVID-19 vaccine intentions for their children, health literacy, health numeracy, and sociodemographic variables were assessed. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models identified factors associated with parents' COVID-19 vaccine intentions for their children. RESULTS Parents/guardians (n = 963) were mostly White (82.3%), insured (88.0%), and college graduates (57.3%). Men reported higher intentions than women to seek information about the COVID-19 vaccine for their children (p = 0.003) and higher intentions to vaccinate their children (p = 0.049). Parental characteristics associated with increased intentions to have their children vaccinated included higher educational attainment (p < 0.001), more positive general vaccine attitudes (p < 0.001), preference for health information in a language other than English (p = 0.006), higher income (p = 0.048), having health insurance (p = 0.05), health literacy (p = 0.024), and health numeracy (p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS Multiple sociodemographic characteristics including male gender, higher health literacy and numeracy, and language preference are noteworthy factors associated with parental COVID-19 vaccine intentions that could inform the planning and implementation of educational interventions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses are important sources of trusted information and play an important role in parent/family health education and in understanding myriad factors that may improve attitudes and enhance readiness toward vaccine uptake. Our findings emphasize the potential value of examining tailored/targeted COVID-19 vaccine education according to key influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakeshia Cousin
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Roberts
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Naomi C Brownstein
- Dept. of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Junmin Whiting
- Dept. of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Monica L Kasting
- Dept. of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Katharine J Head
- Dept. of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Susan T Vadaparampil
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Clement K Gwede
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Cathy D Meade
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Shannon M Christy
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America; Dept. of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America.
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27
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Meyer C, Goffe L, Antonopoulou V, Graham F, Tang MY, Lecouturier J, Grimani A, Chadwick P, Sniehotta FF. Using the precaution adoption process model to understand decision-making about the COVID-19 booster vaccine in England. Vaccine 2023; 41:2466-2475. [PMID: 36933983 PMCID: PMC9935297 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 continues to pose a threat to public health. Booster vaccine programmes are critical to maintain population-level immunity. Stage theory models of health behaviour can help our understanding of vaccine decision-making in the context of perceived threats of COVID-19. PURPOSE To use the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) to understand decision-making about the COVID-19 booster vaccine (CBV) in England. METHODS An online, cross-sectional survey informed by the PAPM, the extended Theory of Planned Behaviour and Health Belief Model administered to people over the age of 50 residing in England, UK in October 2021. A multivariate, multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine associations with the different stages of CBV decision-making. RESULTS Of the total 2,004 participants: 135 (6.7%) were unengaged with the CBV programme; 262 (13.1%) were undecided as to whether to have a CBV; 31 (1.5%) had decided not to have a CBV; 1,415 (70.6%) had decided to have a CBV; and 161 (8.0%) had already had their CBV. Being unengaged was positively associated with beliefs in their immune system to protect against COVID-19, being employed, and low household income; and negatively associated with CBV knowledge, a positive COVID-19 vaccine experience, subjective norms, anticipated regret of not having a CBV, and higher academic qualifications. Being undecided was positively associated with beliefs in their immune system and having previously received the Oxford/AstraZeneca (as opposed to Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine; and negatively associated with CBV knowledge, positive attitudes regarding CBV, a positive COVID-19 vaccine experience, anticipated regret of not having a CBV, white British ethnicity, and living in East Midlands (vs London). CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions promoting CBV may improve uptake through tailored messaging directed towards the specific decision stage relating to having a COVID-19 booster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Meyer
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Health Psychology Research Group, Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, University College London, UK.
| | - Louis Goffe
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Vivi Antonopoulou
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Health Psychology Research Group, Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
| | - Fiona Graham
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Mei Yee Tang
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Jan Lecouturier
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Aikaterini Grimani
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Behavioural Science Group, Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Paul Chadwick
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Health Psychology Research Group, Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
| | - Falko F Sniehotta
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK; Department of Public Health, Preventive and Social Medicine, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Wuerttemberg, Heidelberg University, Germany
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28
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Lu L, Liu J, Kim SJ, Tao R, Shah DV, McLeod DM. The Effects of Vaccine Efficacy Information on Vaccination Intentions Through Perceived Response Efficacy and Hope. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:121-129. [PMID: 36880133 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2186545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Response efficacy information indicating the effectiveness of a recommended behavior in risk reduction is an important component of health communication. For example, many messages regarding COVID-19 vaccines featured numerical vaccine efficacy rates in preventing infections, hospitalizations, and deaths. While the relationship between disease risk perceptions and fear has been well established, we know less about the psychological factors involved in communicating vaccine efficacy information, such as response efficacy perceptions and hope. This study examines the effects of numerical vaccine efficacy information and message framing on vaccination intentions and their relationship to perceived response efficacy and hope, using a fictitious infectious disease similar to COVID-19. Findings suggest that communicating a high efficacy rate of the vaccine in preventing severe illness increased perceived response efficacy, which in turn boosted vaccination intention directly and indirectly through increasing hope. Also, fear about the virus was positively associated with hope about the vaccine. Implications of using response efficacy information and hope appeals in health communication and vaccination promotion are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Lu
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Communication, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Sang Jung Kim
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dhavan V Shah
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Douglas M McLeod
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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29
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Peng S, Chen J, Xu L. COVID-19 vaccination intention: The combined role of pathogen disgust and trust in government. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1024614. [PMID: 36687910 PMCID: PMC9846159 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1024614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the joint effect of pathogen disgust and trust in government on COVID-19 vaccination intention and to examine the mediating role of COVID-19 worry. The data was collected from July to September 2021 in mainland China by using Questionnaire Star, 2,244 valid cases were obtained among a total of 2,251 participants investigated, with an effective rate of 89.37%. The results indicated the following: (1) Individuals' COVID-19 vaccination intention was significantly higher when "congruence was high" than when "congruence was low", given comparable levels of pathogen disgust and trust in government. (2) There were no significant differences in individual COVID-19 vaccination intention with incongruence levels of pathogen disgust and trust in government. (3) The combination of pathogen disgust and trust in government can influence COVID-19 vaccination intention through COVID-19 worry. Findings illustrate that individuals with high trust in government and pathogen disgust have higher intentions. Trust in government and pathogen disgust positively predicted COVID-19 worry and reinforced individuals' intention to COVID-19 vaccination. The results have important implications for the future prevention and control of the new coronavirus, as well as providing a new perspective on COVID-19 vaccination intentions.
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Allen JD, Fu Q, Nguyen K, Rose R, Silva D, Corlin L. Parents' Willingness to Vaccinate Children for COVID-19: Conspiracy Theories, Information Sources, and Perceived Responsibility. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:15-27. [PMID: 36755480 PMCID: PMC10038916 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2172107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding parental decision-making about vaccinating their children for COVID-19 is essential to promoting uptake. We conducted an online survey between April 23-May 3, 2021, among a national sample of U.S. adults to assess parental willingness to vaccinate their child(ren). We also examined associations between parental intentions to VACCINATE their children for COVID-19 and conspiracy theory beliefs, trusted information sources, trust in public authorities, and perceptions regarding the responsibility to be vaccinated. Of 257 parents of children under 18 years that responded, 48.2% reported that they would vaccinate their children, 25.7% were unsure, and 26.1% said they would not vaccinate. After adjusting for covariates, each one-point increase in the Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale was associated with 25% lower odds of parents intending to vaccinate their children compared to those who did not intend to (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64-0.88). Parents that perceived an individual and societal responsibility to be vaccinated were more likely to report that they intended to vaccinate their children compared to those that did not intend to vaccinate their children (AOR = 5.65, 95% CI: 2.37-13.44). Findings suggest that interventions should focus on combatting conspiracy beliefs, promoting accurate and trusted information sources, and creating social norms emphasizing shared responsibility for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Allen
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Kimberly Nguyen
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston MA, 02111, USA
| | - Rebecca Rose
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Deborah Silva
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155, USA
| | - Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston MA, 02111, USA
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Shahani R, Asmi F, Ma J, Zawar A, Rufai OH, Muhideen S, Amosun TS, Jianxun C. How cyberchondria and decision self-efficacy shapes the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine: A gender-based comparison. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231185430. [PMID: 37744744 PMCID: PMC10515538 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231185430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Alarmingly, the individuals' reach and coverage to get vaccinated in developing regions during the pandemic is a massive challenge for concerned authorities. This study aimed to demonstrate how cyberchondria play a significant role in a classical health belief model. Cyberchondria may influence cognitive factors (e.g. self-efficacy), which may contribute to an increase in attitude-behavior gap. Especially in the context of a health-centric scenario, it may discourage individuals to take protective measures. Method By using the cross-sectional research design, the authors conducted a quantitative survey in Pakistan and collected 563 responses from 303 male respondents (rural = 91; urban = 212) with (Urban M:35.5, standard deviation (SD):13.4) and rural M:37.5, SD:8.4). Result The findings indicate that decision self-efficacy among males is stronger than that in females. It dominates other determinants, which can dampen the individuals' intentions to get vaccinated. For instance, the effect of conspiracies and perceived seriousness was noted nonsignificant and weak. In females, perceived seriousness was stronger determinant than in males. In addition, the negative effect of decision self-efficacy was noted in the case of females, and conspiracy and cyberchondria had a negative role. Conclusion This study highlights valuable implications for future research in infodemic, health communication and health literacy, and practical implications for regulatory bodies and public administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Shahani
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fahad Asmi
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Hefei First People's Hospital, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Asma Zawar
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Sayibu Muhideen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Chu Jianxun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Giannakou K, Fakonti G, Kyprianidou M. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among healthcare professionals and the general population in Cyprus: A web-based cross-sectional survey. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:959-969. [PMID: 36115011 PMCID: PMC9538130 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and the general population in Cyprus. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted (November 2021-January 2022), using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire to collect information covering a wide range of potential determinants including sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, trust in the healthcare system, satisfaction with it, utilization of preventive healthcare services, COVID-19 vaccination information and general vaccination knowledge. RESULTS A total of 2582 participants completed the survey. Overall, 53.5% of participants representing the general population, and 70.0% of the HCPs received the COVID-19 vaccination. We found that as the age increases by 1 year among the general population, the odds of being vaccinated against COVID-19 increase by 1.02 units (95% 1.00, 1.03, p= 0.035). In addition, participants among the general population with increased trust in national healthcare authorities' guidelines (OR = 3.96, 95% CI: 3.41, 4.61), and increased vaccination knowledge scores (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.18) were significantly more likely to be vaccinated, while those who had underage children living in the household were significantly less likely to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.91). Furthermore, male HCPs (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.59), and those who reported increased trust in national healthcare authorities' guidelines (OR = 5.38, 95% CI: 3.65, 7.95) were significantly more likely to be vaccinated. CONCLUSION Public health policymakers can use national campaigns and long-term planning to build public trust in national healthcare authorities and raise awareness about the benefits of vaccination. Such strategies could pave the way for adequate vaccine uptake and prepare the public for unfavourable scenarios, such as future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Giannakou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Georgia Fakonti
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Kyprianidou
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Kaliterna Lipovčan L, Prizmić-Larsen Z, Franc R. Differences between COVID-19-vaccinated and unvaccinated participants from Croatia. Croat Med J 2022; 63. [PMID: 36597562 PMCID: PMC9837719 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2022.63.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare Croatian participants vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and unvaccinated participants in terms of socio-demographic, personal, social, and COVID-19-related variables. METHODS From August till December 2021, 721 (465 vaccinated and 256 unvaccinated) participants completed an online survey about socio-demographic (age, sex income, education, marital status), personal (well-being indicators, personality measures and health), social (trust in experts, trust in government), and COVID-19-related characteristics (fear of COVID-19, history of COVID-19 infection). Differences between the groups were assessed with discriminant analysis. RESULTS The variables that best discriminated between vaccinated and unvaccinated participants were higher trust in experts, no history of COVID-19 infection, older age, higher fear of COVID-19, and intellect. Conclusion The study points to the importance of trust in experts in the promotion of COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Franc
- Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
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Miller ME, Rahim MQ, Coven SL, Jacob SA, Zimet GD, Meagher CG, Ott MA. Pediatric hematology/oncology physician and nurse practitioner attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines: A qualitative study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2048560. [PMID: 35344683 PMCID: PMC9225389 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2048560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As of 05/28/2021, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) had caused 3.9 million infections in the United States (US) pediatric population since its discovery in December of 2019. The development and expansion of vaccination has markedly changed the shape of the epidemic. In this qualitative study, we report on pediatric hematology/oncology provider views on the COVID-19 vaccine prior to approval in the adolescent population <16 years of age. Results from interviews with 20 providers across the state of Indiana showed that most were supportive of the COVID-19 vaccine for healthy adults. However, the majority also expressed a need to see more data on the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccinations in pediatric hematology/oncology populations. While they recognized the public health importance of vaccination, their duty to protect their patients led to a need for more specific safety and efficacy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Miller
- Department of Adult Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Mahvish Q Rahim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Scott L Coven
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Seethal A Jacob
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Carolyn G Meagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Mary A Ott
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States.,IU Center for Bioethics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, United States
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Goren T, Vashdi DR, Beeri I. Count on trust: the indirect effect of trust in government on policy compliance with health behavior instructions. POLICY SCIENCES 2022; 55:593-630. [PMID: 36405103 PMCID: PMC9665042 DOI: 10.1007/s11077-022-09481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Trust in government is considered a prominent factor for enhancing public compliance with government policies and instructions. The Coronavirus pandemic demonstrates the crucial role public compliance with governmentally issued health guidelines has in mitigating the pandemic. However, the mechanism explaining the trust-compliance association, particularly in regard to health-behavior compliance, is unclear. This article develops a new theoretical model, the Mediated Trust Model (MTM), for explaining the relationship between trust in government and public compliance with health instructions. The model extends the classic Health Belief Model for predicting health behavior by claiming that the perceptions regarding the instructions' costs, benefits and one's ability to perform them are affected by trust in government and mediate the trust-compliance association. The MTM was tested in four cross-sectional studies performed during the first 20 months of the Coronavirus pandemic in Israel on 3732 participants, for various health instructions. Implications for public health literature, policy compliance theory and policy makers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Goren
- Division of Public Administration and Policy, School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, 31905 Mount Carmel, Israel
| | - Dana R. Vashdi
- Division of Public Administration and Policy, School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, 31905 Mount Carmel, Israel
| | - Itai Beeri
- Division of Public Administration and Policy, School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, 31905 Mount Carmel, Israel
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Kasting ML, Macy JT, Grannis SJ, Wiensch AJ, Lavista Ferres JM, Dixon BE. Factors Associated With the Intention to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine: Cross-sectional National Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e37203. [PMID: 36219842 PMCID: PMC9665170 DOI: 10.2196/37203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented public health crisis, and vaccines are the most effective means of preventing severe consequences of this disease. Hesitancy regarding vaccines persists among adults in the United States, despite overwhelming scientific evidence of safety and efficacy. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to use the Health Belief Model (HBM) and reasoned action approach (RAA) to examine COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy by comparing those who had already received 1 vaccine to those who had received none. METHODS This study examined demographic and theory-based factors associated with vaccine uptake and intention among 1643 adults in the United States who completed an online survey during February and March 2021. Survey items included demographic variables (eg, age, sex, political ideology), attitudes, and health belief variables (eg, perceived self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility). Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used for vaccine uptake/intent. The first model included demographic variables. The second model added theory-based factors to examine the association of health beliefs and vaccine uptake above and beyond the associations explained by demographic characteristics alone. RESULTS The majority of participants were male (n=974, 59.3%), White (n=1347, 82.0%), and non-Hispanic (n=1518, 92.4%) and reported they had already received a COVID-19 vaccine or definitely would when it was available to them (n=1306, 79.5%). Demographic variables significantly associated with vaccine uptake/intent included age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06), other race (AOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.27-0.83 vs White), and political ideology (AOR 15.77, 95% CI 7.03-35.35 very liberal vs very conservative). The theory-based factors most strongly associated with uptake/intention were attitudes (AOR 3.72, 95% CI 2.42-5.73), self-efficacy (AOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.34-2.29), and concerns about side effects (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.76). Although race and political ideology were significant in the model of demographic characteristics, they were not significant when controlling for attitudes and beliefs. CONCLUSIONS Vaccination represents one of the best tools to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other possible pandemics in the future. This study showed that older age, attitudes, injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy are positively associated with vaccine uptake and intent, whereas perceived side effects and lack of trust in the vaccine are associated with lower uptake and intent. Race and political ideology were not significant predictors when attitudes and beliefs were considered. Before vaccine hesitancy can be addressed, researchers and clinicians must understand the basis of vaccine hesitancy and which populations may show higher hesitancy to the vaccination so that interventions can be adequately targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Kasting
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jonathan T Macy
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Shaun J Grannis
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ashley J Wiensch
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Brian E Dixon
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard M Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Center for Health Information and Communication, Health Services Research & Development Service, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Veterans Health Administration, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Allen JD, Fu Q, Shrestha S, Nguyen KH, Stopka TJ, Cuevas A, Corlin L. Medical mistrust, discrimination, and COVID-19 vaccine behaviors among a national sample U.S. adults. SSM Popul Health 2022; 20:101278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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“Freedom and Dignity Are Worth More than Life”: The Dramatic Suicide of an Anti-Vax Man. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10112141. [PMID: 36360482 PMCID: PMC9690759 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 public health emergency, we have witnessed an increase in psychiatric problems and pathologies, such as depression, anxiety, isolation, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and burnout. The world’s collective sentiment finally turned toward optimism after authorization was granted for the COVID-19 vaccines’ emergency use by the FDA in December 2020. With the increase in vaccine coverage in Western countries, case counts and deaths gradually plummeted while activity restrictions were progressively lifted. At the same time, however, a new COVID-19-related public health issue has arisen, as a substantial number of eligible individuals refused vaccination. Behaviors assumed by the so-called anti-vax people in manifesting their own opposition towards COVID-19 vaccination are various, and sometimes assume the forms of dramatic gestures with symbolic value, such as suicide. Here, we present the case of a healthy, convinced anti-vax, 58-year-old man, who allowed himself to be run over by a moving train in the presence of eyewitnesses, bringing with him a demonstrative note of his reasons. The present article aims to raise awareness against the social and psychological impact of COVID-19 vaccination refusal and to point out the need of a specific support net to avoid the spread of psychological impairment, social isolation and suicidal behaviors among the “anti-vax community”.
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Hoang HT, Nguyen XTK, Huynh SV, Hua TD, Tran HTT, Tran-Chi VL. The effect of vaccination beliefs regarding vaccination benefits and COVID-19 fear on the number of vaccination injections. Front Psychol 2022; 13:968902. [PMID: 36337543 PMCID: PMC9627305 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease pandemic of 2019 is a vast worldwide public health hazard, impacting people of all ages and socioeconomic statuses. Vaccination is one of the most effective methods of controlling a pandemic like COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the number of vaccination injections and fear of COVID-19 and test whether beliefs benefit from vaccination COVID-19 mediate the effect of fear of COVID-19 on the number of vaccination injections. A total of 649 Vietnamese adults were enrolled online to finish answering, including scales The Health Belief Model (HBM) and The Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S), consisting of 340 (52.4%) males and 309 (47.6%) females. The data were analyzed using variance, regression, and a simple mediation model. The total score of COVID-19 fear was M = 22.26, SD = 5.49. Vietnamese fear of COVID-19 was at a medium level. Our results suggest that 18- to 20-year-olds are more fearful of COVID-19 than others. People who received the first dosage exhibited a greater fear of COVID-19 than those who received the second dose and were not inoculated. Additionally, the beliefs benefit of vaccination COVID-19 has a role in the relationship between the number of vaccination injections and fear of COVID-19. During the pandemic, adults in Vietnam are more afraid of COVID-19 than during prior outbreaks. Besides, the Vietnamese populace demonstrated a considerable demand for and high acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. The current study indicates that psychological counselors and therapists should counsel clients on the value of vaccination and address the fear of COVID-19 as public understanding of the benefits of vaccines increases. To further clarify the effect of this issue on the correlation between fear of COVID-19 and the number of vaccinations, the results of this study indicate that the existing vaccine communication factor for COVID-19 vaccination should be modified to increase confidence in the benefits of immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai The Hoang
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thanh Kieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Public Relations, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Son Van Huynh
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Doan Hua
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hien Thi Thuy Tran
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
- Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- *Correspondence: Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
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Association of University Students' COVID-19 Vaccination Intention with Behaviors toward Protection and Perceptions Regarding the Pandemic. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58101438. [PMID: 36295598 PMCID: PMC9612282 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health problem. Vaccination is suggested to be one of the most efficacious precautionary measures, in combination with other protective behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore the association of students’ intention to get vaccinated about COVID-19 with protection behaviors and perceptions about the pandemic. Material and Methods: The study sample included 1920 university students who electronically completed two validated questionnaires anonymously and voluntarily from December 2020 to January 2021. Results: Results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that as the perceived general risk was getting lower, the number of protective behaviors significantly diminished (p < 0.001). Additionally, respondents who believed that they had minor or no personal risk had undertaken significantly fewer preventing behaviors in comparison with participants who thought they had major personal risk (p = 0.006). However, the experience of respondents with people having COVID-19 had statistically significant association with undertaking more preventing behaviors (p = 0.004). Lower general perception of risk had statistically significant association with lower determination to obtain the vaccines of COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Personally knowing someone who had the coronavirus and undertaking more behavioral changes due to the coronavirus situation were significantly related to greater determination to obtain the vaccines of COVID-19 (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The results of this study can provide universities with the appropriate information about the improvement of COVID-19 vaccination strategies.
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Andresen JA, Harris JN, Mauro C, Zimet GD, Rosenthal SL. The impact of financial incentives on COVID-19 vaccination intention among a sample of U.S. adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101962. [PMID: 36065257 PMCID: PMC9434908 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Financial incentives are one of several strategies that have been explored to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Although widely discussed, it is unclear how much of an incentive and for which subset of individuals incentives would be effective. This study explored the impact of hypothetical $600 or $1200 incentives on COVID-19 vaccination intention. From a nationally representative panel of U.S. adults, 346 individuals reported hesitance towards COVID-19 vaccination and were then asked about their willingness to accept a vaccine if offered hypothetical incentives. Results indicated 26.89% would get vaccinated if offered $600, and 30.06% if offered $1200. In the multivariable model that included sociodemographic and attitudinal predictors of vaccine uptake, those classified as ‘wait-and-see’ compared to those classified as non-acceptors were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccines when given financial incentives, and those who believed more strongly in the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines were more likely to accept a vaccine when first offered hypothetical $600 and then $1200 incentives. Individuals unsure if they ever had COVID-19 were significantly less likely to be willing to get the vaccine for $1200 as compared to those who believed they previously had COVID-19. These results suggest that financial incentives can increase intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Andresen
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julen N Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Mauro
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory D Zimet
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan L Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Hu H, Mo PKH, She R, Lau JTF. Understanding the Pathways from Mindfulness to COVID-19 Vaccination Intention via Positive Psychology Attributes among Health Care Workers in China. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 156:535-551. [PMID: 36170676 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2101419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to examine the association between mindfulness and COVID-19 vaccination intention, and the mediating role of presence of meaning in life and moral elevation in such association. METHOD In a cross-sectional study design, a total of 1733 health care workers (81.1% females, Mage = 34.16 ± 9.03) from four cities in China were recruited and completed an online survey that measured mindfulness, moral elevation, presence of meaning in life and COVID-19 vaccination intention. RESULTS It has been found that 73.1% of the participants reported an intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Mindfulness was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention; Mediation analyses using structural equation modeling showed a significant indirect effect of mindfulness on COVID-19 vaccination intention, accounting for 42.4% of the total effect. Mindfulness was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention directly via presence of meaning in life, and indirectly via moral elevation and presence of meaning in life. CONCLUSIONS The findings add knowledge of how mindfulness may increase COVID-19 vaccination intention, and underscore the potential need for mindfulness training, positive emotion promotion, presence of meaning in life interventions to improve acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui She
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Marzo RR, Su TT, Ismail R, Htay MNN, Essar MY, Chauhan S, Patalinghug ME, Kucuk Bicer B, Respati T, Fitriyana S, Baniissa W, Lotfizadeh M, Rahman F, Salim ZR, Villela EFDM, Jermsittiparsert K, Aung Y, Hamza NAE, Heidler P, Head MG, Brackstone K, Lin Y. Digital health literacy for COVID-19 vaccination and intention to be immunized: A cross sectional multi-country study among the general adult population. Front Public Health 2022; 10:998234. [PMID: 36187686 PMCID: PMC9523876 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.998234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is clear that medical science has advanced much in the past few decades with the development of vaccines and this is even true for the novel coronavirus outbreak. By late 2020, COVID-19 vaccines were starting to be approved by national and global regulators, and across 2021, there was a global rollout of several vaccines. Despite rolling out vaccination programs successfully, there has been a cause of concern regarding uptake of vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy. In tackling the vaccine hesitancy and improving the overall vaccination rates, digital health literacy (DHL) could play a major role. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the digital health literacy and its relevance to the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries. Participants were asked about their level of intention to the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants completed the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI), which was adapted in the context of the COVID Health Literacy Network. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were used for analysis purpose. Results Overall, the mean DHL score was 35.1 (SD = 6.9, Range = 12-48). The mean DHL score for those who answered "Yes" for "support for national vaccination schedule" was 36.1 (SD 6.7) compared to 32.5 (SD 6.8) for those who either answered "No" or "Don't know". Factors including country, place of residence, education, employment, and income were associated with the intention for vaccination. Odds of vaccine intention were higher in urban respondents (OR-1.46; C.I.-1.30-1.64) than in rural respondents. Further, higher competency in assessing the relevance of online information resulted in significantly higher intention for vaccine uptake. Conclusion Priority should be given to improving DHL and vaccination awareness programs targeting rural areas, lower education level, lower income, and unemployed groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Rillera Marzo
- Department of Community Medicine, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Asia Metropolitan University, Johor, Malaysia,Roy Rillera Marzo
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia,South East Asia Community Observatory, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Roshidi Ismail
- South East Asia Community Observatory, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Mila Nu Nu Htay
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Yasir Essar
- Department of Dentistry, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Shekhar Chauhan
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Mark E. Patalinghug
- School of Criminal Justice Education, J. H. Cerilles State College, Caridad, Philippines
| | - Burcu Kucuk Bicer
- Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Titik Respati
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Susan Fitriyana
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Wegdan Baniissa
- College of Health Sciences/Nursing Department, Sharjah Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Masoud Lotfizadeh
- Department of Community Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Farzana Rahman
- Administration and Research, Bangladesh National Nutrition Council, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zahir Rayhan Salim
- College of Business Administration, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Edlaine Faria de Moura Villela
- Public Policies, Education and Communication, Disease Control Coordination, São Paulo State Health Department, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
- Faculty of Education, University of City Island, Famagusta, Cyprus,Publication Research Institute and Community Service, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi Abdul Haris, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Yadanar Aung
- Medical Statistics Division, Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | | | - Petra Heidler
- Department for Economy and Health, University for Continuing Education Krems, Danube University Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria,Department of Health Sciences, St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Michael G. Head
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ken Brackstone
- Clinical Informatics Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yulan Lin
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Renzi E, Baccolini V, Migliara G, Bellotta C, Ceparano M, Donia P, Marzuillo C, De Vito C, Villari P, Massimi A. Mapping the Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance at the Global and Regional Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1488. [PMID: 36146566 PMCID: PMC9506365 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of effective and safe vaccines, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination is suboptimal. In this meta-analysis we quantified the prevalence estimates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance with a specific focus on worldwide geographical differences. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo up to April 2021 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021235328). Generalized random-effects linear models with a logit link were used to calculate the pooled estimated rate of vaccine acceptance at both the global and regional level. A meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and various characteristics of the studies. Overall, 71 articles yielding 128 prevalence estimates were included. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate was 66% (95% CI: 61-71%). This varied by geographic area, ranging from 36% (95% CI: 18-60%) in Africa to 83% (95% CI: 82-84%) in Oceania, and there was high variability between countries (15.4% Cameroon-100% Bhutan). Meta-regression analysis showed that studies that investigated COVID-19 vaccination intentions using multiple choice/scoring gave a vaccine acceptance prevalence lower than studies with only two possible answers (yes/no) (ß: -1.02 95% CI: -1.41 to -0.63). Despite some variation in the estimates, the results showed that one in three people may refuse/delay COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Renzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Baccolini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ciro Bellotta
- National Hospital A.O.R.N. “Antonio Cardarelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Ceparano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Donia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Marzuillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Azzurra Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Buller D, Walkosz B, Henry K, Woodall WG, Pagoto S, Berteletti J, Kinsey A, Divito J, Baker K, Hillhouse J. Promoting Social Distancing and COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions to Mothers: Randomized Comparison of Information Sources in Social Media Messages. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:e36210. [PMID: 36039372 PMCID: PMC9400429 DOI: 10.2196/36210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Social media disseminated information and spread misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected prevention measures, including social distancing and vaccine acceptance. Objective In this study, we aimed to test the effect of a series of social media posts promoting COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and vaccine intentions and compare effects among 3 common types of information sources: government agency, near-peer parents, and news media. Methods A sample of mothers of teen daughters (N=303) recruited from a prior trial were enrolled in a 3 (information source) × 4 (assessment period) randomized factorial trial from January to March 2021 to evaluate the effects of information sources in a social media campaign addressing NPIs (ie, social distancing), COVID-19 vaccinations, media literacy, and mother–daughter communication about COVID-19. Mothers received 1 social media post per day in 3 randomly assigned Facebook private groups, Monday-Friday, covering all 4 topics each week, plus 1 additional post on a positive nonpandemic topic to promote engagement. Posts in the 3 groups had the same messages but differed by links to information from government agencies, near-peer parents, or news media in the post. Mothers reported on social distancing behavior and COVID-19 vaccine intentions for self and daughter, theoretic mediators, and covariates in baseline and 3-, 6-, and 9-week postrandomization assessments. Views, reactions, and comments related to each post were counted to measure engagement with the messages. Results Nearly all mothers (n=298, 98.3%) remained in the Facebook private groups throughout the 9-week trial period, and follow-up rates were high (n=276, 91.1%, completed the 3-week posttest; n=273, 90.1%, completed the 6-week posttest; n=275, 90.8%, completed the 9-week posttest; and n=244, 80.5%, completed all assessments). In intent-to-treat analyses, social distancing behavior by mothers (b=–0.10, 95% CI –0.12 to –0.08, P<.001) and daughters (b=–0.10, 95% CI –0.18 to –0.03, P<.001) decreased over time but vaccine intentions increased (mothers: b=0.34, 95% CI 0.19-0.49, P<.001; daughters: b=0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.29, P=.01). Decrease in social distancing by daughters was greater in the near-peer source group (b=–0.04, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.00, P=.03) and lesser in the government agency group (b=0.05, 95% CI 0.02-0.09, P=.003). The higher perceived credibility of the assigned information source increased social distancing (mothers: b=0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.49, P<.01; daughters: b=0.31, 95% CI 0.11-0.51, P<.01) and vaccine intentions (mothers: b=4.18, 95% CI 1.83-6.53, P<.001; daughters: b=3.36, 95% CI 1.67-5.04, P<.001). Mothers’ intentions to vaccinate self may have increased when they considered the near-peer source to be not credible (b=–0.50, 95% CI –0.99 to –0.01, P=.05). Conclusions Decreasing case counts, relaxation of government restrictions, and vaccine distribution during the study may explain the decreased social distancing and increased vaccine intentions. When promoting COVID-19 prevention, campaign planners may be more effective when selecting information sources that audiences consider credible, as no source was more credible in general. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02835807; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02835807
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kimberly Henry
- Department of Psychology Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO United States
| | | | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs, CT United States
| | | | | | - Joseph Divito
- Department of Allied Health Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs, CT United States
| | - Katie Baker
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City, TN United States
| | - Joel Hillhouse
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City, TN United States
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A Systematic Investigation of American Vaccination Preference via Historical Data. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While COVID-19 vaccines are generally available, not all people receive vaccines. To reach herd immunity, most of a population must be vaccinated. It is, thus, important to identify factors influencing people’s vaccination preferences, as knowledge of these preferences allows for governments and health programs to increase their vaccine coverage more effectively. Fortunately, vaccination data were collected by U.S. Census Bureau in partnership with the CDC via the Household Pulse Survey (HPS) for Americans. This study presents the first analysis of the 24 vaccination datasets collected by the HPS from January 2021 to May 2022 for 250 million respondents of different ages, genders, sexual orientations, races, education statuses, marital statuses, household sizes, household income levels, and resources used for spending needs, and with different reasons for not receiving or planning to receive a vaccine. Statistical analysis techniques, including an analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey multiple comparisons test, and hierarchical clustering (HC), were implemented to analyze the HPS vaccination data in the R language. It was found that sexual orientation, gender, age, and education had statistically significant influences on the vaccination rates. In particular, the gay/lesbian group showed a higher vaccination rate than the straight group; the transgender group had a lower vaccination rate than either the female or the male groups; older respondents showed greater preference for vaccination; respondents with higher education levels also preferred vaccination. As for the other factors that were not significant enough to influence vaccinations in the ANOVA, notable trends were found. Asian Americans had higher vaccination rates than other races; respondents from larger household sizes had a lower chance of getting vaccinated; the unmarried group showed the lowed vaccination rate in the marital category; the respondents depending on borrowed money from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) showed a lower vaccination rate than people with regular incomes. Concerns regarding the side-effects and the safety of the vaccines were the two major reasons for vaccination hesitance at the beginning of the pandemic, while having no trust in the vaccines and no trust in the government became more common in the later stage of the pandemic. The findings in this study can be used by governments or organizations to improve their vaccination campaigns or methods of combating future pandemics.
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Strengthened belief in vaccine effectiveness predicted increased COVID-19 vaccination intention and behaviour: Results from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of U.S. adults from July 2020 to April/May 2021. Vaccine 2022; 40:6035-6041. [PMID: 36088194 PMCID: PMC9449782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to ending the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (U.S.) and an important target for communication interventions. Using longitudinal survey data, we examined whether baseline levels and changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines predicted change in vaccination intention/behaviour. Repeated measures were collected from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (n = 665) in July 2020 and April/June 2021. Linear regressions associated change in COVID-19 vaccination intention/behaviour with changes in beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccines’ safety, effectiveness in protecting others from infection, and effectiveness in protecting oneself from infection. Changes in beliefs from T1 to T2 were significantly associated with change in vaccination outcomes for all belief types (safety B = 0.39, SE = 0.07; effectiveness for self B = 0.38, SE = 0.09; effectiveness for others B = 0.43, SE = 0.07). Cross-lagged models suggested a reciprocal causal relationship between pro-vaccine beliefs and vaccination intention/behaviour: Intention to get vaccinated at T1 predicted strengthened safety and effectiveness beliefs at T2. T1 effectiveness beliefs predicted T2 vaccination intention/behaviour, though T1 safety beliefs did not. Communication interventions highlighting the protective benefits of COVID-19 vaccines may be particularly successful in reducing vaccine hesitancy.
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Kazeminia M, Afshar ZM, Rajati M, Saeedi A, Rajati F. Evaluation of the Acceptance Rate of Covid-19 Vaccine and its Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION 2022; 43:421-467. [PMID: 35687259 PMCID: PMC9186279 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-022-00684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Kazeminia
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojgan Rajati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Motazedi Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anahita Saeedi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of
Massachusetts
, Amherst, MA USA
| | - Fatemeh Rajati
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Morbée S, Waterschoot J, Yzerbyt V, Klein O, Luminet O, Schmitz M, Van den Bergh O, Van Oost P, De Craene S, Vansteenkiste M. Personal and contextual determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention: a vignette study. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1475-1485. [PMID: 35876102 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2105212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This vignette study explores which factors contribute to higher COVID-19 vaccination intentions. METHODS Between the 4th-11 January 2021, we recruited 15,901 Belgian citizens (Mage = 50.11 years, range 18-100) through convenience sampling to participate in a vignette study. In each vignette, we manipulated contextual determinants consisting of different factors. Each participant rated six vignettes in terms of the outcomes 'vaccination intention' and 'recommendation to others.' Finally, we explored the benefits of tailored communication by examining whether these ratings depended upon citizens' initial motives for vaccination. RESULTS Participants are most likely to accept a vaccine when they expect no or only small side effects, when the vaccine offers a 95% protection, and when people can no longer infect others (p < 0.001). The possibility to receive the vaccine at home or at the GP's office, highlighting that most citizens are willing to get vaccinated, and emphasizing the protective benefits for others yielded additional positive effects (p < 0.001). Results showed that tailored communication has a small but significant effect, especially for individuals high on distrust-based amotivation (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In addition to vaccine characteristics, there is room for policymakers to respond to those determinants that fall under their control and can thus be highlighted within communication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Morbée
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim Waterschoot
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vincent Yzerbyt
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Klein
- Faculty of Psychological Sciences and Education, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Luminet
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mathias Schmitz
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Pascaline Van Oost
- Institute for Research in Psychological Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Silke De Craene
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vansteenkiste
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Goren T, Beeri I, Vashdi DR. How to boost the boosters? A survey-experiment on the effectiveness of different policies aimed at enhancing acceptance of a "Seasonal" vaccination against COVID-19. Isr J Health Policy Res 2022; 11:27. [PMID: 35787730 PMCID: PMC9251947 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-022-00536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests a gradual decrease in the effectiveness of the anti-COVID-19 vaccines, stressing the potential need for periodical booster shots. However, it is hard to tell whether previously applied policies for enhancing vaccine acceptance will be as effective for repeated periodical booster shots during a pandemic. Hence, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of different health policies on periodical vaccination acceptance amidst an ongoing pandemic. Methods A cross sectional online experiment was performed in a representative sample of 929 Israeli citizens. Participants were randomly allocated to 4 groups simulating different hypothetical periodical-vaccination-promoting policy scenarios: (1) Mandate (N = 229); (2) a negative monetary incentive (N = 244); (3) a positive monetary incentive (N = 228) and (4) information provision (N = 228). Compliance intentions and vaccine-acceptance-related variables were measured. Analysis included multivariate hierarchic logistic and linear regressions. Results Compliance intentions levels were medium (M = 3.13 on a 1–5 scale). Only 20.2% of the sample demonstrated strong acceptance of periodical vaccination, which is lower than the acceptance rate of the seasonal flu shot in the country in the year preceding the pandemic. Type of policy was related to the extent to which a respondent strongly agreed to be periodically vaccinated or not. Specifically, strong acceptance was more likely when positive or negative incentives were presented in comparison to the mandate or information provision conditions. However, when examining the extent of compliance among respondents who were less decisive, the type of policy did not predict the extent to which these respondents intended to comply. In addition, compliance intentions were related with the perceived benefits and barriers of the vaccine, the perceived efficacy of getting vaccinated and social norms. Hesitator’s intentions were additionally associated with anti-COVID-19 vaccination history, perceived severity of the disease and trust in government. Conclusions Pandemic-containing vaccines may be perceived as less effective and beneficial than pandemic-preventing vaccines. Individuals with different levels of motivation for periodical vaccination during a pandemic may be affected by different factors. While strongly opinionated individuals are affected by the type of vaccination-promoting policy, hesitators are affected by a larger number of factors, which provide policy makers with greater opportunities to enhance their vaccination intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Goren
- School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31905, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Itai Beeri
- School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31905, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dana Rachel Vashdi
- School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31905, Haifa, Israel
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