1
|
Dudde F, Schunk J, Telschow T, Barbarewicz F, Schuck O, Giese M, Bergmann W. Patterns of ZMC and Le Fort Fractures under the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic-"A Changing Face?". J Clin Med 2024; 13:4662. [PMID: 39200801 PMCID: PMC11355621 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on midfacial fracture patterns/distributions and circumstances in a German craniomaxillofacial trauma center. Methods: This retrospective study compared the midface fracture patterns (excluding nasal fractures) of patients in the pre-COVID (PC) era (February 2019-January 2020) with patients in the intra-COVID (IC) era (February 2020-January 2021). In addition to baseline characteristics, the type of midface fractures, the circumstances leading to midface fractures, and hospital admissions/treatments were analyzed. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a reduction in the total number of midface fractures was observed (PC = 88 vs. IC = 57). No significant differences were found regarding the midfacial fracture localization between both periods. During the pandemic, there was a significant increase in falls, accidents at home, and virus/flu-associated syncopes. At the same time, a significant decrease in sports accidents, interpersonal violence, and alcohol-related accidents leading to midface fractures was recorded. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in accidents during the morning time with a simultaneous reduction in accidents during the nighttime. In addition to that, a significant delay in days from trauma leading to midface fracture until hospital admission and surgical treatment (ORIF) was revealed. Conclusions: Despite the limitations of a monocentric retrospective study, the current findings lead to the conclusion that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the patterns and circumstances leading to midface fractures. Analyzing the specific characteristics of patients suffering from midfacial fractures under the influence of the COVID-19 period can represent added value in order to treat facial fractures in future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dudde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, 22049 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dudde F, Schuck O, Schunk J, Filip B. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on mandible fracture patterns in a German cranio-maxillofacial trauma center: PreCOVID (2019) versus IntraCOVID (2020). Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:425-434. [PMID: 38572818 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) pandemic confronted the global healthcare system with a variety of challenges. The pandemic and the associated lockdowns also had an impact on multiple medical disciplines (i.e. delay of surgery, change of hospital admissions). The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mandible fracture patterns/distributions and circumstances in a German cranio-maxillofacial trauma center. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study compared the mandible fracture patterns of patients in the PreCOVID (PC) era (February 2019-January 2020) with patients in the IntraCOVID (IC) era (February 2020-January 2021). In addition to baseline characteristics, the number/type of mandible fractures, location of the mandible fracture, circumstances leading to mandible fracture, and hospital admissions/treatments were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 127 patients was included in this study. In the IC period, the absolute frequencies of mandible fractures decreased (PC = 72 vs. IC = 55). There were minor changes in the mandible fracture locations. An increase of concomitant facial soft tissue injuries (IC = 69.1% vs. PC = 58.3%), as well as higher rates of traumatic tooth loss (IC = 32.7% vs. PC = 22.2%), was observed. Regarding the causes/accidents leading to mandible fractures, there were significant increases in falls and significant decreases in sports accidents as well as interpersonal violence during the IC period. A significant increase in accidents at home and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a simultaneous decrease in weekend and night-time trauma leading to mandible fractures was observed. Furthermore, a significant increase in days from trauma to surgery was recorded. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on mandibular fracture patterns. The locations and types of mandibular fractures changed slightly. However, significant differences in the circumstances leading to mandible fractures (increased falls, decreased interpersonal violence) were recorded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dudde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schuck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Schunk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbarewicz Filip
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bonsall MB, Huntingford C, Rawson T. Optimal approaches for COVID-19 control: the use of vaccines and lockdowns across societal groups. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 4:1308974. [PMID: 39045311 PMCID: PMC11263120 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2024.1308974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Background By March 2023, the COVID-19 illness had caused over 6.8 million deaths globally. Countries restricted disease spread through non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs; e.g. social distancing). More severe "lockdowns" were also required to manage disease spread. Although lockdowns effectively reduce virus transmission, they substantially disrupt economies and individual well-being. Fortunately, the availability of vaccines provides alternative approaches to manage disease spread. Yet, vaccination programs take several months to implement fully, require further time for individuals to develop immunity following inoculation, may not have complete coverage and/or may be imperfectly efficacious against the virus. Given these aspects of a vaccination programme, it is important to understand how NPIs (such as lockdowns) can be used in conjunction with vaccination to achieve public health goals. Methods We use mathematical methods to, investigate optimal approaches for vaccination under varying lockdown lengths and/or severities to prevent COVID-19-related deaths exceeding critical thresholds. Results We find that increases in vaccination rate cause a disproportionate decrease in the length and severity lockdowns to keep mortality levels below a critical threshold. With vaccination, severe lockdowns can further reduce infections by up to 89%. Notably, we include simple demographics, modelling three groups: vulnerable, front-line workers, and non-vulnerable. We investigate the sequence of vaccination. One counter-intuitive finding is that even though the vulnerable group is high risk, demographically, this is a small group and critically, per person, vaccination therefore occurs more slowly. Hence vaccinating this group first achieves limited gains in overall disease control. Discussion Importantly, we conclude that improved disease control may be best achieved by vaccinating the non-vulnerable group coupled with longer and/or more severe NPIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B. Bonsall
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Rawson
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Jameel Institute, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Megna M, Lauletta G, Tommasino N, Salsano A, Battista T, Ruggiero A, Martora F, Potestio L. Management of Psoriasis Patients with Serious Infectious Diseases. Adv Ther 2024; 41:2099-2111. [PMID: 38709397 PMCID: PMC11133026 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The management of patients affected by moderate-to-severe psoriasis may be challenging, in particular in patients with serious infectious diseases [tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B and C, HIV, COVID-19]. Indeed, these infections should be ruled out before starting and during systemic treatment for psoriasis. Currently, four conventional systemic drugs (methotrexate, dimethyl fumarate, acitretin, cyclosporine), four classes of biologics (anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha, anti-interleukin (IL)12/23, anti-IL-17s, and anti-IL-23], and two oral small molecules (apremilast, deucravacitinib) have been licensed for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Each of these drugs is characterized by a unique safety profile which should be considered before starting therapy. Indeed, some comorbidities or risk factors may limit their use. In this context, the aim of this manuscript was to evaluate the management of patients affected by moderate-to-severe psoriasis with serious infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauletta
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nello Tommasino
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Salsano
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Battista
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim SH, Jeong BY, Kim YS, Park JW. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical and psychological aspects of temporomandibular disorders. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:447. [PMID: 38609928 PMCID: PMC11015653 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) caused drastic changes in people's lifestyle that affected TMD characteristics through its physical and psychological influences. The aim of this study was to define the clinical and psychological characteristics of a large group of well-defined TMD patients and seek their differences between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic to establish points of care to be emphasized in the post-pandemic era. METHODS TMD patients diagnosed by the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) aged ≥ 18 were analyzed. Samples between September, 2017 to July, 2019 (n = 455) and March, 2021 to June, 2022 (n = 338) were collected to represent before and during COVID-19, respectively. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) and Symptom Checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R) were used to evaluate disability levels and psychological status. Clinical indices were compared between COVID periods and factors related to higher pain levels were investigated according to pandemic period. RESULTS More patients reported pain on palpation of the masticatory muscles during the pandemic (p = 0.021) while the number decreased for neck muscles (p = 0.001) and TMJ (p < 0.001) areas. Patients reporting nocturnal bruxism (23.3-29.6%) and clenching (45.1-54.7%) significantly increased during the pandemic. TMD patients with pain without disability were more common during the pandemic regardless of pain intensity (p < 0.001). The number of patients expressing interference in daily activities decreased drastically during COVID-19 regardless of disability level (p < 0.001). Factors associated with higher than moderate pain intensity (CPI ≥ 50) were insomnia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.603, p = 0.047) and somatization (OR = 1.082, p < 0.001) before the pandemic. During the pandemic, age (OR = 1.024, p = 0.007), somatization (OR = 1.070, p = 0.006), and paranoid ideation (OR = 1.117, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with higher pain intensity. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study underline the importance of evaluating psychological profiles of TMD patients, especially somatization, paranoid ideation and psychoticism, in exceptional situations that may cause a change in individual mental status. This will lead to a better understanding of the individual TMD patient and help in planning personalized treatment strategies that will assist the patient in adjusting to changes occurring in special environments such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hae Kim
- Center for Future Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Jeong
- Department of Oral Medicine, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Kim
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Woon Park
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Oral Medicine, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng J, Fang Y, Wang Q, Tian Y, Wang S, Yang Y, Yang D, Li S. Meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in Chinese residents. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1279293. [PMID: 38496394 PMCID: PMC10944655 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1279293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been many studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward prevention of COVID-19 infection in China. Except for symptomatic treatment and vaccination, KAP toward COVID-19 plays an important role in the prevention of COVID-19. There is no systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in China. This study is the earliest meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in China's general population. Hence, this systematic review aimed to summarize the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Chinese residents toward COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methodology Following the PRISMA guidelines, articles relevant to COVID-19 KAP that were conducted among the Chinese population were found in databases such as Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CQVIP, Wanfang and Google Scholar. A random-effect meta-analysis is used to summarize studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practice levels toward COVID-19 infection in China's general population. Results Fifty-seven articles published between August 2020 and November 2022 were included in this review. Overall, 75% (95% CI: 72-79%) of Chinese residents had good knowledge about COVID-19, 80% (95% CI: 73-87%) of Chinese residents had a positive attitude toward COVID-19 pandemic control and prevention (they believe that Chinese people will win the battle against the epidemic), and the aggregated proportion of residents with a correct practice toward COVID-19 was 84% (95% CI: 82-87%, I2 = 99.7%).In the gender subgroup analysis, there is no significant difference between Chinese men and Chinese women in terms of their understanding of COVID-19. However, Chinese women tend to have slightly higher levels of knowledge and a more positive attitude toward the virus compared to Chinese men. When considering the urban and rural subgroup analysis, it was found that Chinese urban residents have a better understanding of COVID-19 compared to Chinese rural residents. Interestingly, the rural population displayed higher rates of correct behavior and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 compared to the urban population. Furthermore, in the subgroup analysis based on different regions in China, the eastern, central, and southwestern regions exhibited higher levels of knowledge awareness compared to other regions. It is worth noting that all regions in China demonstrated good rates of correct behavior and positive attitudes toward COVID-19. Conclusion This study reviews the level of KAP toward COVID-19 during the pandemic period in China. The results show that the KAP toward COVID-19 in Chinese residents was above a favorable level, but the lack of translation of knowledge into practice should be further reflected on and improved. A subgroup analysis suggests that certain groups need more attention, such as males and people living in rural areas. Policy makers should pay attention to the results of this study and use them as a reference for the development of prevention and control strategies for major public health events that may occur in the future. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=348246, CRD42022348246.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - QiaoLing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyan Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Songzhe Li
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Błażejewski G, Witkoś J, Hartman-Petrycka M. Changes in sensitivity and hedonic rating to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation following COVID-19. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1233. [PMID: 38216666 PMCID: PMC10786926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 affects not only the respiratory system but also other biological systems such as the nervous system. Usually, these changes are reported based on the patient's subjective description. The aim of our study, therefore, was to objectively determine the effect that the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 disease has on sensory threshold and the hedonic and subjective perception of an electrical stimulus. The sensory threshold was tested on the inner forearm by applying non-invasive transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) with 100 Hz and 100 µs parameters and a biphasic current waveform. The study involved 211 participants, aged 22-79 years, with a mean age of 56.9 ± 12.1 years. There were 131 subjects in the COVID group, while the NON-COVID group, the control group, was matched to the COVID group in terms of gender, age, body mass index and presence of chronic diseases. The research was carried out in 2022. Sensory sensitivity was highest in the group that had suffered with COVID-19. The median sensory sensitivity was 11 mA in the COVID group and 14 mA (p < 0.001) in the NON-COVID group, however, the current sensitivity threshold decreased over time (R = 0.52, p < 0.001). Post COVID-19, the electrical stimulus was more often perceived as unpleasant: COVID versus NON-COVID (23% vs. 3%, p < 0.001) and as a different sensation to tingling (27% vs. 2%, p < 0.001). Post-COVID-19 patients have a lower sensory threshold, the electrical stimulus is more often described as unpleasant and in subjective feelings it is more often described as pinching. The differences between COVID and NON-COVID decrease with time since the onset of COVID symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Błażejewski
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Witkoś
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Walkowiak MP, Domaradzki J, Walkowiak D. Unmasking the COVID-19 pandemic prevention gains: excess mortality reversal in 2022. Public Health 2023; 223:193-201. [PMID: 37672832 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 pandemic prevention measures in saving lives after European governments began to lift restrictions. STUDY DESIGN Excess mortality interrupted time series. METHODS Country-level weekly data on deaths were fitted to the Poisson mixed linear model to estimate excess deaths. Based on this estimate, the percentage of excess deaths above the baseline during the pandemic (week 11 in 2020 to week 15 in 2022) (when public health interventions were in place) and during the post-pandemic period (week 16 in 2022 to week 52 in 2022) were calculated. These results were fitted to the linear regression model to determine any potential relationship between mortality during these two periods. RESULTS The model used in this study had high predictive value (adjusted R2 = 59.4%). Mortality during the endemic (post-pandemic) period alone increased by 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.7, 8.6) above baseline, while each percentage increase in mortality during the pandemic corresponded to a 0.357% reduction (95% CI: 0.243, 0.471) in mortality during the post-pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS The most successful countries in terms of protective measures also experienced the highest mortality rates after restrictions were lifted. The model used in this study clearly shows a measure of bidirectional mortality displacement that is sufficiently clear to mask any impact of long COVID on overall mortality. Results from this study also seriously impact previous cost-benefit analyses of pandemic prevention measures, since, according to the current model, 12.2% (95% CI: 8.3, 16.1) of the gains achieved in pandemic containment were lost after restrictions were lifted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M P Walkowiak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - J Domaradzki
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - D Walkowiak
- Department of Organization and Management in Health Care, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Potestio L, Battista T, Cacciapuoti S, Ruggiero A, Martora F, Fornaro L, Camela E, Megna M. New Onset and Exacerbation of Psoriasis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Review of the Current Knowledge. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2191. [PMID: 37626687 PMCID: PMC10452075 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination was the main measure to overcome the pandemic. As with other drugs and vaccines, mild to moderate adverse events have been reported following vaccination. In addition, several cutaneous reactions have been described. In particular, there are several reports investigating de novo psoriasis or the exacerbation of psoriasis following COVID-19 vaccination. However, data on the possible pathogenetic mechanisms as well as comprehensive manuscripts on the topic are scant. Thus, the aim of our manuscript was to perform a review of the current literature on post-COVID-19 vaccination exacerbations and new-onset psoriasis in order to offer a wide perspective on this area and to point out possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Research on the current literature was performed following PRISMA guidelines. In total, 49 studies involving 134 patients developing new-onset psoriasis (n = 27, 20.1%) or psoriasis exacerbation (n = 107, 79.9%) were collected. Although cases of de novo psoriasis or a worsening of psoriasis have been reported following vaccination, all of the cases have been successfully treated while overall benefit-risk profile of COVID-19 vaccination does not justify vaccine hesitancy due to the risk of psoriasis being developed or worsening. Certainly, further studies are needed to identify possible pathogenetic mechanisms in order to identify "at-risk" patients. Finally, vaccination should not be discouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Battista
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Cacciapuoti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Fornaro
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisa Camela
- Dermatology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata—IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fan J, Zhu L, Wu X, Luo C, Huang A, Wang W. COVID-19 vaccination in the mass vaccination center: clinical practice and effectiveness analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1072883. [PMID: 37397712 PMCID: PMC10313396 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mass vaccination campaigns can rapidly increase the vaccination rate for the COVID-19 vaccine, the establishment of mass vaccination centers is indispensable. At the beginning of March 2021, China began to carry out COVID-19 vaccination activities nationwide. Here, we aimed to evaluate the criteria established by mass vaccination centers, COVID-19 vaccination experience, the incidence of adverse events following immunization and opinions. Methods We describe the layout and functioning of Nan'an District mass vaccination center, the working mechanism, experience and effectiveness. Distribution of COVID-19 vaccine vaccination and adverse events following immunization reported in the mass vaccination center of Nan'an District were evaluated. Results From March 26, 2021 to April 28, 2022, the mass vaccination center has inoculated about 381,364 doses of COVID-19 vaccine to the population. The study found that the incidence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) was very low (1.04/100000). The chances of having AEFI were significantly higher in COVID-19 vaccine (CHO cell) than COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell). Conclusion The mass vaccination center was running successfully. It was effective and safe, providing vaccination services and increasing COVID-19 vaccination rates among the population. The experience of the mass vaccination center for COVID-19 in China can provide a reference for other countries and regions to carry out COVID-19 vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Nanan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Nanan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Nanan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Luo
- Nanan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
McDonagh F, Cormican M, Morris D, Burke L, Singh NK, Venkateswaran K, Miliotis G. Medical Astro-Microbiology: Current Role and Future Challenges. J Indian Inst Sci 2023; 103:1-26. [PMID: 37362850 PMCID: PMC10082442 DOI: 10.1007/s41745-023-00360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The second and third decades of the twenty-first century are marked by a flourishing of space technology which may soon realise human aspirations of a permanent multiplanetary presence. The prevention, control and management of infection with microbial pathogens is likely to play a key role in how successful human space aspirations will become. This review considers the emerging field of medical astro-microbiology. It examines the current evidence regarding the risk of infection during spaceflight via host susceptibility, alterations to the host's microbiome as well as exposure to other crew members and spacecraft's microbiomes. It also considers the relevance of the hygiene hypothesis in this regard. It then reviews the current evidence related to infection risk associated with microbial adaptability in spaceflight conditions. There is a particular focus on the International Space Station (ISS), as one of the only two crewed objects in low Earth orbit. It discusses the effects of spaceflight related stressors on viruses and the infection risks associated with latent viral reactivation and increased viral shedding during spaceflight. It then examines the effects of the same stressors on bacteria, particularly in relation to changes in virulence and drug resistance. It also considers our current understanding of fungal adaptability in spaceflight. The global public health and environmental risks associated with a possible re-introduction to Earth of invasive species are also briefly discussed. Finally, this review examines the largely unknown microbiology and infection implications of celestial body habitation with an emphasis placed on Mars. Overall, this review summarises much of our current understanding of medical astro-microbiology and identifies significant knowledge gaps. Graphical Abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca McDonagh
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Martin Cormican
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dearbháile Morris
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Liam Burke
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nitin Kumar Singh
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Kasthuri Venkateswaran
- Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - Georgios Miliotis
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bilgel F, Karahasan BC. Understanding Covid-19 Mobility Through Human Capital: A Unified Causal Framework. COMPUTATIONAL ECONOMICS 2023; 63:1-41. [PMID: 36844967 PMCID: PMC9942069 DOI: 10.1007/s10614-023-10359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper seeks to identify the causal impact of educational human capital on social distancing behavior at workplace in Turkey using district-level data for the period of April 2020 - February 2021. We adopt a unified causal framework, predicated on domain knowledge, theory-justified constraints anda data-driven causal structure discovery using causal graphs. We answer our causal query by employing machine learning prediction algorithms; instrumental variables in the presence of latent confounding and Heckman's model in the presence of selection bias. Results show that educated regions are able to distance-work and educational human capital is a key factor in reducing workplace mobility, possibly through its impact on employment. This pattern leads to higher workplace mobility for less educated regions and translates into higher Covid-19 infection rates. The future of the pandemic lies in less educated segments of developing countries and calls for public health action to decrease its unequal and pervasive impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Bilgel
- Department of Economics, MEF University, 34396 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burhan Can Karahasan
- Department of Economics and Finance, Piri Reis University, 34940 Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paliwal M, Raj R, Kumar V, Singh S, Sharma NK, Suri A, Kumari M. Informal workers in India as an economic shock absorber in the era of COVID-19: A study on policies and practices. HUMAN SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/hsm-220155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: With greater uncertainties and economic divides in Indian formal and Informal economies; the lockdown in its unprecedented ways severely knocked the crucial vulnerabilities of majorly the informal sector of the economy. METHODS: The study was conducted across the Indian population who have suffered from the bad impact of COVID-19 and the lockdown. The data collection process was conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak from June 2020 to October 2020. Multiple regression analysis and independent-sample t-test were applied to test the hypothesis. RESULTS: The study closely highlights the role of the government system towards non-government organizations those who played a crucial role in the welfare of the informal workers. The results suggest that the most affected group of people in the COVID-19 lockdown are the informal workers who were working on daily wages for their bread and butter. The government endeavor was also found significant in supporting the informal workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Paliwal
- Department of Commerce, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Raj
- Department of Information Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Vimal Kumar
- Department of Information Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sumanjeet Singh
- Department of Commerce, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Alka Suri
- Department of Economics, D.B.S. College, Deharadun, Uttrakhand, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo Z, Zhang Y, Liu Q. Bibliometric and visualization analysis of research trend in mental health problems of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1040676. [PMID: 36684924 PMCID: PMC9853402 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1040676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyze the evolution of research on children and adolescents mental health issues during COVID-19 pandemic and discuss research hotspots and cutting-edge developments. Methods The literature obtained from the web of science core collection as of June 28, 2022, was analyzed using Citespace, VOSviewer bibliometric visualization mapping software. Results A total of 6,039 relevant papers were found, of which 5,594 were included in the study. The number of literatures is growing since 2020; and the country, institution, and journal publications were analyzed. The co-citation analysis shows that there are more research articles among the highly cited articles and a lack of systematic reviews that use critical thinking for review. In the cluster analysis, mental health and life change were the most representative. The timeline view of the keywords shows that Online learning (#0), Public health (#1), and Mental health (#2) are the three largest clusters and shows the change over time. Conclusion This study helped analyze the mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified hot trends and shortcomings, which are important references for the theoretical basis of future research and decision making and technical guidance for systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qin Liu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pollard AJ, MacDonald NE, Dubé E, Lamden K, Baxter PD, Suggitt D, Donovan H, Gibney Y, Rappuoli R, Wright C, Rodgers E, Trotter C, Stuart J, Blake N, Glennie L, Lucidarme J, Bai X, Lekshmi A, Willeton L, Clark SA, Borrow R. Presentations at the UK National Immunisation Conference. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2087411. [PMID: 36441135 PMCID: PMC9766481 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2087411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Pollard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, Oxford UK
| | - Noni E MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University and IWK Health Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ken Lamden
- Retired consultant in health protection, Lancashire, UK
| | - Professor David Baxter
- Director of Medical Education / Consultant in Public Health and Clinical Skills Tutor, Stepping Hill hospital, Stockport, SK2 7JE
| | - Debbie Suggitt
- Director of Medical Education / Consultant in Public Health and Clinical Skills Tutor, Stepping Hill hospital, Stockport, SK2 7JE
| | - Helen Donovan
- Professional lead for public health nursing, Royal College of Nursing, Nursing Department, 20 Cavendish Square, London W1G 0RN
| | - Yvonne Gibney
- Member, Faculty of Travel Medicine, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- Vaccine Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Siena, Italy
| | - C. Wright
- Meningitis Research Foundation, Research, Evidence and Policy, Bristol, UK
| | - E. Rodgers
- Meningitis Research Foundation, Research, Evidence and Policy, Bristol, UK
| | - C. Trotter
- University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Stuart
- University of Bristol, Population Health Sciences, Bristol, UK
| | - N. Blake
- Meningitis Research Foundation, Research, Evidence and Policy, Bristol, UK
| | - L. Glennie
- Meningitis Research Foundation, Research, Evidence and Policy, Bristol, UK
| | - Jay Lucidarme
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| | - Xilian Bai
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| | - Aiswarya Lekshmi
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Willeton
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen A. Clark
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| | - Ray Borrow
- Meningococcal Reference Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shah U, Biswas MR, Ali R, Ali H, Shah Z. Public attitudes on social media toward vaccination before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2101835. [PMID: 35920771 PMCID: PMC9746453 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2101835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the success of COVID-19 vaccines in clinical trials, vaccination programs are being administered for the population with the hopes of herd immunity. However, the success of any vaccination program depends on the percentage of people willing to get vaccination which is influenced by social, economic, demographic, and vaccine-specific factors. Thus, it is important to understand public attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination. This study aims to measure public attitude toward vaccines and vaccinations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, using public data from Twitter. A total of 880,586 tweets for 57,529 unique users were included in the study. Most of the tweets were posted in five languages: French, English, Swedish, Dutch, and Italian. These tweets were divided into two time periods: before COVID-19 (T1) and during COVID-19 (T2). This study observed the shift in the sentiments of the public attitude toward vaccines before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Both positive and negative shifts in sentiments were observed for the users of various languages but shifts toward positive sentiments were more prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Shah
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Md. Rafiul Biswas
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raian Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hazrat Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zubair Shah
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee J, Kwon KH. A cross-sectional study on the use of big data for the past H1N1 influenza epidemic in obesity after COVID-19: Focused on the body slimming cream and leptin via DTC gene test. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5321-5335. [PMID: 36161752 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the big data of 2010, 2011, and 2012, when H1N1 influenza was prevalent around the world in the past, this study investigated the obesity rate, weight change, and dietary methods of Korean dieters based on the historical situation of the past H1N1 influenza epidemic in Republic of Korea. This is intended to be the data for utilizing the prognostic evaluation of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE After COVID-19, research on obesity should be conducted systematically, and to prevent obesity, nutrition education, customized inner beauty & cosmetics, and the development of body slimming cream and leptin for proper diet should be done at the national level. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between methods of weight control, generation, and gender, which have not yet been evaluated in the Korean adult population. METHODS The cross-sectional study was comprised of 25 534 Korean who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) conducted in 2010, 2011, and 2012. RESULTS A 17 876 of the 19 375 respondents 20 years of age or older in the KNHNES answered about diet method. Two thousand and fifty-seven (15.63%) men and 4134 (25.77%) women thought of themselves as fat. However, 11 973 people (66.96%) did not change weight in the past year, 2536 people (14.19%) had increase in weight, and 3.164 (17.70%) reduced weight. A total of 7176 people (48.11%) indicated that they attempted to reduce weight through exercising, while 5553 people (37.23%) did so through reduced food intake. CONCLUSIONS This study was based on big data at the time of the H1N1 influenza epidemic in Korean population. The results of the present study will be helpful in the development of the body slimming cream and leptin via direct to consumer (DTC) gene test (GT) due to the rapid increase in obesity due to COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Lee
- Division of Beauty Arts Care, Department of Beauty Arts Care, Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Beauty and Health Care, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Han Kwon
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sajwani NH, Qawas A, Al Ali N, Sajwani FH, Alrustamani AH, Al Maamari S, Al Mazrouei SK, Al Shehhi B, Al Rand H, Fikri AM. The effect of lockdowns and distant learning on the health-related behaviours of school students in the United Arab Emirates. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:253. [PMID: 36167505 PMCID: PMC9513288 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic began to affect the world in early 2020. As a preventive measure, schools in the UAE adopted remote learning. This study aimed to assess the effects of the lockdown and remote learning on the health-related behaviours of school students in the UAE. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey comprising 33 questions related to physical activity, eating, sleeping and screen time was answered by the students’ parents. Chi-square tests, paired Student’s t tests and frequency tables were used for analysis. Results A total of 27,754 responses were received: 46.3% of the parents indicated a significant decrease in physical activity; 44.6% indicated an increase in unhealthy snack consumption; and 51.9% indicated decreased food ordering from restaurants. The percentage of students who slept more than 9 hours and those who slept less than 6 hours increased. Screen time increased significantly for both educational and entertainment purposes (P value < 0.0001). Conclusion The study showed changes in the lifestyle and health-related behaviours of school students as indicated by their parents. Risk factors such as a lack of physical activity, increased food consumption, sleeping and screen time were directly affected. Therefore, it is important to further investigate these changes and their effects to help design targeted health education programs and promotion campaigns.
Collapse
|
19
|
Bjerre N, Holm L, Quist JS, Færch K, Hempler NF. Is time-restricted eating a robust eating regimen during periods of disruptions in daily life? A qualitative study of perspectives of people with overweight during COVID-19. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1718. [PMID: 36088358 PMCID: PMC9463056 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13856-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been suggested as a feasible dietary strategy in individuals with overweight. Disruptions in daily life e.g., severe illness can affect engagement in lifestyle interventions to obtain healthier body weight. This study examined if and how the engagement with TRE among people with overweight was affected by the Danish COVID-19 lockdowns as an example of disruptions in daily life.
Methods
Fifteen participants with overweight enrolled in a TRE intervention, i.e. restricting all eating and drinking except water to the same daily ten-hour window, were interviewed about their experiences and engagement with TRE during COVID-19 lockdowns. Interviews were semi-structured and conducted by phone or face-to-face with safe social distancing. Data analysis was grounded in a reflexive thematic analysis approach.
Results
Daily life rhythms were disrupted by lockdowns by preventing participants from performing ordinary daily activities such as going to work, socialising, eating out or exercising. For some, this challenged their TRE engagement, while most were able to undertake the TRE eating window but reported increased snacking and consumption of take-away food within their eating window. For all, exercise habits became unhealthier. The negative impact on TRE engagement primarily occurred during daytime, as social distancing made it easier to engage with TRE during evenings.
Conclusions
This study showed that even people highly motivated to obtain healthier lifestyles practices struggled to maintain engagement with healthy behaviours, whereas sticking to the TRE window was manageable during COVID-19. TRE as a weight loss strategy was challenged which calls for more attention to supporting people in daily life to obtain healthier practices, also in case of periods of other disruptions such as divorce, serious illness etc.
Collapse
|
20
|
Key predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia: An integrated framework. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268926. [PMID: 35604921 PMCID: PMC9126375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the vaccination drive against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Malaysia progresses rapidly, the main challenge will gradually shift from procuring and distributing vaccines to ensuring the broadest possible acceptance among all population segments. Therefore, this study used the integrated framework of the health belief model (HBM) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to investigate the predictors of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines in Malaysia. Methodology A market research company in Malaysia was engaged to collect data during June 11–20, 2021 using self-administered questionnaires via its online panel, ensuring a nationwide random sample of 804 respondents. A logistic regression was subsequently estimated to determine the significant predictors of vaccination intention. Results The predictors that significantly affect COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia are age, susceptibility, religious beliefs, attitude, subjective norms, and trust in the vaccine. In particular, those who are more inclined to get vaccinated are older individuals, have a higher perceived risk of infection and social pressure to get vaccinated, have a positive attitude, and have high levels of trust in the vaccine. Individuals’ who perceive that their religious beliefs are against vaccination are more likely to exhibit uncertainty toward it. Conclusion This study showed that although a large proportion of respondents indicated that they were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19, there are concerns about religious barriers and trust in the vaccine that the relevant stakeholders should address. Campaigns should also focus on shaping the nation’s attitude toward COVID-19 vaccines, in parallel with encouraging people to use their social influence in helping those in their close circle who are unsure of vaccination to cross the line. These measures will prove to be pertinent as the nation begins to administer booster vaccines to tackle the waning effects of COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
|
21
|
Dong C, Yu Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Cui Z, Fan X, Zhu Y, Peng H, Gao B, Ma X. Impact of COVID-19 social distancing on medical research from the perspective of postgraduate students: a cross-sectional online survey. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13384. [PMID: 35582619 PMCID: PMC9107783 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of COVID-19 social distancing on medical research from the perspective of postgraduate students. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted from October 31 to November 1, 2021. A questionnaire was used to assess the impact of COVID-19 social distancing on medical research among postgraduate students. The questionnaire included basic information, medical research information, and information about social distancing measures. Participants also completed the self-made Research Work Affected Scale of Postgraduates (RWAS-P; qualitative evaluation: very mildly 0-10; mildly 11-20; moderately 21-30; severely 31-40; very severely 41-50). Logistic regression was used to identify factors related to the impact of COVID-19 social distancing. Results A total of 468 participants were analyzed; 95.2% of the participants adhered to social distancing measures. The median total RWAS-P score was 22. The median RWAS-P scores for earlier research data, current research projects, future research plans, paper publication, and graduation schedule were 2, 6, 6, 6, and 4, respectively (score range 0-10). The higher grade of students, experimental research, and existence of inappetence or sleeplessness were related to negative attitude towards COVID-19 social distancing (odd ratio = 6.35, 9.80, 2.31, 2.15, 1.95, respectively). Conclusions Participants reported that social distancing had a moderate overall impact on their medical research. Social distancing had the greatest impact on current research projects, future research plans, and paper publications among postgraduate students. Higher grade level, experimental research type, inappetence, and sleeplessness were related to the impact of social distancing on their medical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Cui
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhan Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Botao Gao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianjie Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wong CR, Moltaji S, Cross K, Wanzel KR. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Wellness of Canadian Plastic Surgery Residents. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4259. [PMID: 35345392 PMCID: PMC8945395 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
On top of preexisting burnout, depression, and anxiety among trainees, the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced novel stressors. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Canadian plastic surgery residents’ practice, wellness, and overall training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe R Wong
- University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Syena Moltaji
- University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Cross
- University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyle R Wanzel
- University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jagrič T, Fister D, Jagrič V. Reshaping the Healthcare Sector with Economic Policy Measures Based on COVID-19 Epidemic Severity: A Global Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:315. [PMID: 35206930 PMCID: PMC8871792 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Governments around the world are looking for ways to manage economic consequences of COVID-19 and promote economic development. The aim of this study is to identify the areas where the application of economic policy measures would enhance the resilience of societies on epidemic risks. We use data on the COVID-19 pandemic outcome in a large number of countries. With the estimation of multiple econometric models, we identify areas being a reasonable choice for economic policy intervention. It was found that viable remediation actions worth taking can be identified either for long-, mid-, or short-term horizons, impacting the equality, healthcare sector, and national economy characteristics. We suggest encouraging research and development based on innovative technologies linked to industries in healthcare, pharmaceutical, and biotech, promoting transformation of healthcare systems based on new technologies, providing access to quality healthcare, promoting public healthcare providers, and investing in the development of regional healthcare infrastructure, as a tool of equal regional development based on economic assessment. Further, a central element of this study, i.e. the innovative identification matrix, could be populated as a unique policy framework, either for latest pandemic or any similar outbreaks in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vita Jagrič
- Institute of Finance and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Maribor, Razlagova 14, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.J.); (D.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abdelkader FA, Alkubati SA, Alsabri M, McClean C, Albagawi B, Alsaqri SH, Al-Areefi M, Abo Seada AI. COVID-19 Vaccination Knowledge, Perception, and Reason for Adherence and nonadherence Among Nursing Students in Egypt. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221141234. [DOI: 10.1177/23779608221141234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccines are considered preventive measures to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world. There are many factors for adherence and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Objectives The study aimed to investigate nursing students’ knowledge, perception, and factors that influence their adherence to COVID-19 vaccines. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt, during the period between September 1 and November 30, 2021. Results Of the total of 500 participants, 76% took a COVID-19 vaccination. About 89% of participants rated the correct answer related to COVID-19 vaccination. Obligatory to enter the faculty, protect family and friends, and protect myself were the most reasons of adherence (80.3, 73.7, and 70.8%, respectively) while fear of adverse events and lack of information about vaccine were the most reasons of nonadherence (87.5 and 79.2%, respectively) to COVID-19 vaccination. The majority of participants (62%) had expressed positive perception toward COVID-19 vaccination. Education level, training program about COVID-19, previous infection with COVID-19, perception toward COVID-19 vaccination, and knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccination were significantly ( p = .035, p = .027, p = .009, p = .008 and p = .033, respectively) associated with students’ adherence to take COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion Accurate knowledge and perception about COVID-19 vaccines are the stronger predictors of vaccine hesitance or acceptance among nursing students in Egypt. Campaigns to increase knowledge and perception of COVID-19 and its vaccines among nursing students are needed to improve vaccine acceptance and reduce vaccine hesitance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadia A. Abdelkader
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakāka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameer A. Alkubati
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeida University, Hodeida, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Alsabri
- Emergency Department, Al-Thawra Modern General Teaching Hospital, Sana’a City, Yemen
- Pediatrics, Hospital Medical Center, Brookdale University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Bander Albagawi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman H. Alsaqri
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Al-Areefi
- Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Ibrahem Abo Seada
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The lockdowns were implemented around the world as a strategy to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many questions about how the lockdown would work, is it needed in countries nationwide or only insignificant concentration cases? How will the lockdown impact the spread of COVID-19? The various advantages and disadvantages and the effects of this strategy: economic, mental, environmental effects, among others.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kerr JR, van der Linden S. Communicating expert consensus increases personal support for COVID-19 mitigation policies. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 52:15-29. [PMID: 34511636 PMCID: PMC8420497 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Gateway Belief Model (GBM) places perception of a scientific consensus as a key "gateway cognition" with cascading effects on personal beliefs, concern, and ultimately support for public policies. However, few studies seeking to evaluate and extend the model have followed the specification and design of the GBM as originally outlined. We present a more complete test of the theoretical model in a novel domain: the COVID-19 pandemic. In a large multi-country correlational study (N = 7,206) we report that, as hypothesized by the model, perceptions of scientific consensus regarding the threat of COVID-19 predict personal attitudes toward threat and worry over the virus, which are in turn positively associated with support for mitigation policies. We also find causal support for the model in a large pre-registered survey experiment (N = 1,856): experimentally induced increases in perceived consensus have an indirect effect on changes in policy support mediated via changes in personal agreement with the consensus. Implications for the role of expert consensus in science communication are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John R. Kerr
- Department of PsychologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Sander van der Linden
- Department of PsychologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gountas I, Quattrocchi A, Mamais I, Tsioutis C, Christaki E, Fokianos K, Nikolopoulos G. Effect of public health interventions during the first epidemic wave of COVID-19 in Cyprus: a modelling study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1898. [PMID: 34666740 PMCID: PMC8526096 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyprus addressed the first wave of SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) by implementing non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). The aims of this study were: a) to estimate epidemiological parameters of this wave including infection attack ratio, infection fatality ratio, and case ascertainment ratio, b) to assess the impact of public health interventions and examine what would have happened if those interventions had not been implemented. METHODS A dynamic, stochastic, individual-based Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) model was developed to simulate COVID-19 transmission and progression in the population of the Republic of Cyprus. The model was fitted to the observed trends in COVID-19 deaths and intensive care unit (ICU) bed use. RESULTS By May 8th, 2020, the infection attack ratio was 0.31% (95% Credible Interval [CrI]: 0.15, 0.54%), the infection fatality ratio was 0.71% (95% CrI: 0.44, 1.61%), and the case ascertainment ratio was 33.2% (95% CrI: 19.7, 68.7%). If Cyprus had not implemented any public health measure, the healthcare system would have been overwhelmed by April 14th. The interventions averted 715 (95% CrI: 339, 1235) deaths. If Cyprus had only increased ICU beds, without any social distancing measure, the healthcare system would have been overwhelmed by April 19th. CONCLUSIONS The decision of the Cypriot authorities to launch early NPIs limited the burden of the first wave of COVID-19. The findings of these analyses could help address the next waves of COVID-19 in Cyprus and other similar settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Gountas
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Palaios dromos Lefkosias Lemesou No.215/6, P.O.Box 20537, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Annalisa Quattrocchi
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Mamais
- School of Sciences, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Eirini Christaki
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Palaios dromos Lefkosias Lemesou No.215/6, P.O.Box 20537, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Georgios Nikolopoulos
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Palaios dromos Lefkosias Lemesou No.215/6, P.O.Box 20537, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Iftekhar EN, Priesemann V, Balling R, Bauer S, Beutels P, Calero Valdez A, Cuschieri S, Czypionka T, Dumpis U, Glaab E, Grill E, Hanson C, Hotulainen P, Klimek P, Kretzschmar M, Krüger T, Krutzinna J, Low N, Machado H, Martins C, McKee M, Mohr SB, Nassehi A, Perc M, Petelos E, Pickersgill M, Prainsack B, Rocklöv J, Schernhammer E, Staines A, Szczurek E, Tsiodras S, Van Gucht S, Willeit P. A look into the future of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: an expert consultation. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2021; 8:100185. [PMID: 34345876 PMCID: PMC8321710 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
How will the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic develop in the coming months and years? Based on an expert survey, we examine key aspects that are likely to influence the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. The challenges and developments will strongly depend on the progress of national and global vaccination programs, the emergence and spread of variants of concern (VOCs), and public responses to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). In the short term, many people remain unvaccinated, VOCs continue to emerge and spread, and mobility and population mixing are expected to increase. Therefore, lifting restrictions too much and too early risk another damaging wave. This challenge remains despite the reduced opportunities for transmission given vaccination progress and reduced indoor mixing in summer 2021. In autumn 2021, increased indoor activity might accelerate the spread again, whilst a necessary reintroduction of NPIs might be too slow. The incidence may strongly rise again, possibly filling intensive care units, if vaccination levels are not high enough. A moderate, adaptive level of NPIs will thus remain necessary. These epidemiological aspects combined with economic, social, and health-related consequences provide a more holistic perspective on the future of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viola Priesemann
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rudi Balling
- University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Simon Bauer
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Czypionka
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna, Austria, and London School of Economics, London, UK
| | - Uga Dumpis
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Enrico Glaab
- University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Eva Grill
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Hanson
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Pirta Hotulainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Klimek
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Tyll Krüger
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Helena Machado
- Institute for Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision Sciences of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Martin McKee
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Armin Nassehi
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, München, Germany
| | - Matjaž Perc
- University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia, and Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Elena Petelos
- University of Crete, Crete, Greece, and Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Barbara Prainsack
- Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joacim Rocklöv
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Willeit
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Łaszewska A, Helter T, Simon J. Perceptions of Covid-19 lockdowns and related public health measures in Austria: a longitudinal online survey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1502. [PMID: 34344343 PMCID: PMC8331215 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Introducing national lockdown has been effective in containing Covid-19. However, several studies indicated negative impacts of lockdowns on the well-being and mental health of many people. In Austria, the first Covid-19-related lockdown was introduced on 16 March 2020 with most restrictions being lifted 1 month later. Seven months after that, in November 2020, the second full lockdown was implemented. The aim of this study was to compare the perceptions and experiences of the general population related to the first and second Covid-19 lockdowns in Austria. Methods Two waves of an online survey were conducted in May and December 2020 asking respondents about their concerns related to the Covid-19 illness, personal experiences of the lockdowns, perceptions of and compliance with imposed public health measures, and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on different aspects of life during the two lockdowns. Descriptive statistics including frequency analysis were used to compare respondents’ answers collected in the two waves of the survey. T-test and chi-square tests were used to test differences between the two lockdowns. Results Five hundred sixty participants were included in the first wave and a sub-sample of 134 participants in the second wave of data collection. During the second lockdown, study respondents were more concerned about their family members contracting Covid-19 when compared with the first lockdown. Compliance with public health measures was overall lower during the second lockdown, although it varied according to the type of the measure. Closure of schools was seen as the least essential restriction during the second lockdown, while wearing masks gained additional approval between the first and the second lockdown. Larger negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on friendships, leisure activities, education and community were reported during the second lockdown. Conclusions The study found that the extended duration of the pandemic and recurring lockdowns restricting freedom of movement and social contacts appear to have caused significant disruptions to many areas of life. Furthermore, declining adherence to most public health measures over time raises a question about the effectiveness of future lockdown measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11476-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Łaszewska
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Department of Health Economics, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Timea Helter
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Department of Health Economics, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Simon
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Public Health, Department of Health Economics, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kerr JR, Schneider CR, Recchia G, Dryhurst S, Sahlin U, Dufouil C, Arwidson P, Freeman AL, van der Linden S. Correlates of intended COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across time and countries: results from a series of cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048025. [PMID: 34341047 PMCID: PMC8331327 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe demographical, social and psychological correlates of willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. SETTING Series of online surveys undertaken between March and October 2020. PARTICIPANTS A total of 25 separate national samples (matched to country population by age and sex) in 12 different countries were recruited through online panel providers (n=25 334). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Reported willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS Reported willingness to receive a vaccine varied widely across samples, ranging from 63% to 88%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses reveal sex (female OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.64), trust in medical and scientific experts (OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.34) and worry about the COVID-19 virus (OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.53) as the strongest correlates of stated vaccine acceptance considering pooled data and the most consistent correlates across countries. In a subset of UK samples, we show that these effects are robust after controlling for attitudes towards vaccination in general. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the burden of trust largely rests on the shoulders of the scientific and medical community, with implications for how future COVID-19 vaccination information should be communicated to maximise uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John R Kerr
- Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia R Schneider
- Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gabriel Recchia
- Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Dryhurst
- Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ullrika Sahlin
- Center of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carole Dufouil
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, Inserm, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de Sante Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Arwidson
- Direction de la prévention - promotion de la santé, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Alexandra Lj Freeman
- Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Maipas S, Panayiotides IG, Tsiodras S, Kavantzas N. COVID-19 Pandemic and Environmental Health: Effects and the Immediate Need for a Concise Risk Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2021; 15:1178630221996352. [PMID: 33642862 PMCID: PMC7894687 DOI: 10.1177/1178630221996352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic, as another disease emerging in the interface between animals and humans, has revealed the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations such as the One Health initiative. Environmental Health, whose role in the One Health concept is well established, has been associated with COVID-19 pandemic via various direct and indirect pathways. Modern lifestyle, climate change, environmental degradation, exposure to chemicals such as endocrine disruptors, and exposure to psychological stress factors impact human health negatively. As a result, many people are in the disadvantageous position to face the pandemic with an already impaired immune system due to their exposure to environmental health hazards. Moreover, the ongoing pandemic has been associated with outdoor and indoor air pollution, water and noise pollution, food security, and plastic pollution issues. Also, the inadequate infrastructure, the lack of proper waste and wastewater management, and the unequal social vulnerability reveal more linkages between Environmental Health and COVID-19 pandemic. The significant emerging ecological risk and its subsequent health implications require immediate risk analysis and risk communication strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Maipas
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens General Hospital “Laikon,” Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis G Panayiotides
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Pathology, “Attikon” University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- Master Program “Environment and Health. Management of Environmental Health Effects,” Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens General Hospital “Laikon,” Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|