1
|
Monticelli S, Sommer A, AlHajj Hassan Z, Garcia Rodriguez C, Adé K, Cattenoz P, Delaporte C, Gomez Perdiguero E, Giangrande A. Early-wave macrophages control late hematopoiesis. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1284-1301.e8. [PMID: 38569551 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages constitute the first defense line against the non-self, but their ability to remodel their environment in organ development/homeostasis is starting to be appreciated. Early-wave macrophages (EMs), produced from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-independent progenitors, seed the mammalian fetal liver niche wherein HSCs expand and differentiate. The involvement of niche defects in myeloid malignancies led us to identify the cues controlling HSCs. In Drosophila, HSC-independent EMs also colonize the larva when late hematopoiesis occurs. The evolutionarily conserved immune system allowed us to investigate whether/how EMs modulate late hematopoiesis in two models. We show that loss of EMs in Drosophila and mice accelerates late hematopoiesis, which does not correlate with inflammation and does not rely on macrophage phagocytic ability. Rather, EM-derived extracellular matrix components underlie late hematopoiesis acceleration. This demonstrates a developmental role for EMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monticelli
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Alina Sommer
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zeinab AlHajj Hassan
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Clarisabel Garcia Rodriguez
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kémy Adé
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattenoz
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Claude Delaporte
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Angela Giangrande
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin A, Ramaswamy Y, Misra A. Developmental heterogeneity of vascular cells: Insights into cellular plasticity in atherosclerosis? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:3-15. [PMID: 37316416 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages display remarkable heterogeneity within the healthy vasculature and under pathological conditions. During development, these cells arise from numerous embryological origins, which confound with different microenvironments to generate postnatal vascular cell diversity. In the atherosclerotic plaque milieu, all these cell types exhibit astonishing plasticity, generating a variety of plaque burdening or plaque stabilizing phenotypes. And yet how developmental origin influences intraplaque cell plasticity remains largely unexplored despite evidence suggesting this may be the case. Uncovering the diversity and plasticity of vascular cells is being revolutionized by unbiased single cell whole transcriptome analysis techniques that will likely continue to pave the way for therapeutic research. Cellular plasticity is only just emerging as a target for future therapeutics, and uncovering how intraplaque plasticity differs across vascular beds may provide key insights into why different plaques behave differently and may confer different risks of subsequent cardiovascular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lin
- Atherosclerosis and Vascular Remodeling Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yogambha Ramaswamy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashish Misra
- Atherosclerosis and Vascular Remodeling Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qian Y, Yin Y, Zheng X, Liu Z, Wang X. Metabolic regulation of tumor-associated macrophage heterogeneity: insights into the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapeutic opportunities. Biomark Res 2024; 12:1. [PMID: 38185636 PMCID: PMC10773124 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population that play diverse functions in tumors. Their identity is determined not only by intrinsic factors, such as origins and transcription factors, but also by external signals from the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as inflammatory signals and metabolic reprogramming. Metabolic reprogramming has rendered TAM to exhibit a spectrum of activities ranging from pro-tumorigenic to anti-tumorigenic, closely associated with tumor progression and clinical prognosis. This review implicates the diversity of TAM phenotypes and functions, how this heterogeneity has been re-evaluated with the advent of single-cell technologies, and the impact of TME metabolic reprogramming on TAMs. We also review current therapies targeting TAM metabolism and offer new insights for TAM-dependent anti-tumor immunotherapy by focusing on the critical role of different metabolic programs in TAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yujia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaocui Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Makdissi N. Macrophage Development and Function. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2713:1-9. [PMID: 37639112 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3437-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages were first described over a hundred years ago. Throughout the years, they were shown to be essential players in their tissue-specific environment, performing various functions during homeostatic and disease conditions. Recent reports shed more light on their ontogeny as long-lived, self-maintained cells with embryonic origin in most tissues. They populate the different tissues early during development, where they help to establish and maintain homeostasis. In this chapter, the history of macrophages is discussed. Furthermore, macrophage ontogeny and core functions in the different tissues are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Makdissi
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kholodenko IV, Yarygin KN. Hepatic Macrophages as Targets for the MSC-Based Cell Therapy in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3056. [PMID: 38002056 PMCID: PMC10669188 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious public health issue associated with the obesity pandemic. Obesity is the main risk factor for the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which progresses to NASH and then to end-stage liver disease. Currently, there are no specific pharmacotherapies of NAFLD/NASH approved by the FDA or other national regulatory bodies and the treatment includes lifestyle adjustment and medicines for improving lipid metabolism, enhancing sensitivity to insulin, balancing oxidation, and counteracting fibrosis. Accordingly, further basic research and development of new therapeutic approaches are greatly needed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles prevent induced hepatocyte death in vitro and attenuate NASH symptoms in animal models of the disease. They interact with hepatocytes directly, but also target other liver cells, including Kupffer cells and macrophages recruited from the blood flow. This review provides an update on the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and the key role of macrophages in the development of the disease. We examine in detail the mechanisms of the cross-talk between the MSCs and the macrophages, which are likely to be among the key targets of MSCs and their derivatives in the course of NAFLD/NASH cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peixoto MM, Soares-da-Silva F, Bonnet V, Ronteix G, Santos RF, Mailhe MP, Feng X, Pereira JP, Azzoni E, Anselmi G, de Bruijn M, Baroud CN, Pinto-do-Ó P, Cumano A. Spatiotemporal dynamics of cytokines expression dictate fetal liver hematopoiesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554612. [PMID: 37662317 PMCID: PMC10473721 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, yolk-sac and intra-embryonic-derived hematopoietic progenitors, comprising the precursors of adult hematopoietic stem cells, converge into the fetal liver. With a new staining strategy, we defined all non-hematopoietic components of the fetal liver and found that hepatoblasts are the major producers of hematopoietic growth factors. We identified mesothelial cells, a novel component of the stromal compartment, producing Kit ligand, a major hematopoietic cytokine. A high-definition imaging dataset analyzed using a deep-learning based pipeline allowed the unambiguous identification of hematopoietic and stromal populations, and enabled determining a neighboring network composition, at the single cell resolution. Throughout active hematopoiesis, progenitors preferentially associate with hepatoblasts, but not with stellate or endothelial cells. We found that, unlike yolk sac-derived progenitors, intra-embryonic progenitors respond to a chemokine gradient created by CXCL12-producing stellate cells. These results revealed that FL hematopoiesis is a spatiotemporal dynamic process, defined by an environment characterized by low cytokine concentrations.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ji X, Huang X, Li C, Guan N, Pan T, Dong J, Li L. Effect of tumor-associated macrophages on the pyroptosis of breast cancer tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:197. [PMID: 37542283 PMCID: PMC10401873 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are immune cells with high plasticity that are widely distributed in all tissues and organs of the body. Under the influence of the immune microenvironment of breast tumors, macrophages differentiate into various germline lineages. They exert pro-tumor or tumor-suppressive effects by secreting various cytokines. Pyroptosis is mediated by Gasdermin family proteins, which form holes in cell membranes and cause a violent inflammatory response and cell death. This is an important way for the body to fight off infections. Tumor cell pyroptosis can activate anti-tumor immunity and inhibit tumor growth. At the same time, it releases inflammatory mediators and recruits tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) for accumulation. Macrophages act as "mediators" of cytokine interactions and indirectly influence the pyroptosis pathway. This paper describes the mechanism of action on the part of TAM in affecting the pyroptosis process of breast tumor cells, as well as its key role in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, it provides the basis for in-depth research on how to use immune cells to affect breast tumors and guide anti-tumor trends, with important implications for the prevention and treatment of breast tumors. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XuLing Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ningning Guan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Lin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Teh YC, Chooi MY, Chong SZ. Behind the monocyte's mystique: uncovering their developmental trajectories and fates. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 2:kyad008. [PMID: 38567063 PMCID: PMC10917229 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes are circulating myeloid cells that are derived from dedicated progenitors in the bone marrow. Originally thought of as mere precursors for the replacement of tissue macrophages, it is increasingly clear that monocytes execute distinct effector functions and may give rise to monocyte-derived cells with unique properties from tissue-resident macrophages. Recently, the advent of novel experimental approaches such as single-cell analysis and fate-mapping tools has uncovered an astonishing display of monocyte plasticity and heterogeneity, which we believe has emerged as a key theme in the field of monocyte biology in the last decade. Monocyte heterogeneity is now recognized to develop as early as the progenitor stage through specific imprinting mechanisms, giving rise to specialized effector cells in the tissue. At the same time, monocytes must overcome their susceptibility towards cellular death to persist as monocyte-derived cells in the tissues. Environmental signals that preserve their heterogenic phenotypes and govern their eventual fates remain incompletely understood. In this review, we will summarize recent advances on the developmental trajectory of monocytes and discuss emerging concepts that contributes to the burgeoning field of monocyte plasticity and heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chean Teh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ming Yao Chooi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tabilas C, Smith NL, Rudd BD. Shaping immunity for life: Layered development of CD8 + T cells. Immunol Rev 2023; 315:108-125. [PMID: 36653953 PMCID: PMC10205662 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the immune system was believed to develop along a linear axis of maturity from fetal life to adulthood. Now, it is clear that distinct layers of immune cells are generated from unique waves of hematopoietic progenitors during different windows of development. This model, known as the layered immune model, has provided a useful framework for understanding why distinct lineages of B cells and γδ T cells arise in succession and display unique functions in adulthood. However, the layered immune model has not been applied to CD8+ T cells, which are still often viewed as a uniform population of cells belonging to the same lineage, with functional differences between cells arising from environmental factors encountered during infection. Recent studies have challenged this idea, demonstrating that not all CD8+ T cells are created equally and that the functions of individual CD8+ T cells in adults are linked to when they were created in the host. In this review, we discuss the accumulating evidence suggesting there are distinct ontogenetic subpopulations of CD8+ T cells and propose that the layered immune model be extended to the CD8+ T cell compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cybelle Tabilas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Co-first author
| | - Norah L. Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Co-first author
| | - Brian D. Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thomas JR, Appios A, Calderbank EF, Yoshida N, Zhao X, Hamilton RS, Moffett A, Sharkey A, Laurenti E, Hanna CW, McGovern N. Primitive haematopoiesis in the human placenta gives rise to macrophages with epigenetically silenced HLA-DR. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1764. [PMID: 36997537 PMCID: PMC10063560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The earliest macrophages are generated during embryonic development from erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) via primitive haematopoiesis. Although this process is thought to be spatially restricted to the yolk sac in the mouse, in humans, it remains poorly understood. Human foetal placental macrophages, or Hofbauer cells (HBC), arise during the primitive haematopoietic wave ~18 days post conception and lack expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II. Here, we identify a population of placental erythro-myeloid progenitors (PEMPs) in the early human placenta that have conserved features of primitive yolk sac EMPs, including the lack of HLF expression. Using in vitro culture experiments we demonstrate that PEMP generate HBC-like cells lacking HLA-DR expression. We find the absence of HLA-DR in primitive macrophages is mediated via epigenetic silencing of class II transactivator, CIITA, the master regulator of HLA class II gene expression. These findings establish the human placenta as an additional site of primitive haematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake R Thomas
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Appios
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emily F Calderbank
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nagisa Yoshida
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ashley Moffett
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Sharkey
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisa Laurenti
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Courtney W Hanna
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Naomi McGovern
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yusoff NA, Abd Hamid Z, Budin SB, Taib IS. Linking Benzene, in Utero Carcinogenicity and Fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches: A Mechanistic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076335. [PMID: 37047305 PMCID: PMC10094243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research reported that prolonged benzene exposure during in utero fetal development causes greater fetal abnormalities than in adult-stage exposure. This phenomenon increases the risk for disease development at the fetal stage, particularly carcinogenesis, which is mainly associated with hematological malignancies. Benzene has been reported to potentially act via multiple modes of action that target the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) niche, a complex microenvironment in which HSCs and multilineage hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside. Oxidative stress, chromosomal aberration and epigenetic modification are among the known mechanisms mediating benzene-induced genetic and epigenetic modification in fetal stem cells leading to in utero carcinogenesis. Hence, it is crucial to monitor exposure to carcinogenic benzene via environmental, occupational or lifestyle factors among pregnant women. Benzene is a well-known cause of adult leukemia. However, proof of benzene involvement with childhood leukemia remains scarce despite previously reported research linking incidences of hematological disorders and maternal benzene exposure. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has shown that maternal benzene exposure is able to alter the developmental and functional properties of HSPCs, leading to hematological disorders in fetus and children. Since HSPCs are parental blood cells that regulate hematopoiesis during the fetal and adult stages, benzene exposure that targets HSPCs may induce damage to the population and trigger the development of hematological diseases. Therefore, the mechanism of in utero carcinogenicity by benzene in targeting fetal HSPCs is the primary focus of this review.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang MQ, Wang CC, Pang XB, Shi JZ, Li HR, Xie XM, Wang Z, Zhang HD, Zhou YF, Chen JW, Han ZY, Zhao LL, He YY. Role of macrophages in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152881. [PMID: 37153557 PMCID: PMC10154553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe cardiopulmonary vascular disease characterized by progressive pulmonary artery pressure elevation, increased pulmonary vascular resistance and ultimately right heart failure. Studies have demonstrated the involvement of multiple immune cells in the development of PAH in patients with PAH and in experimental PAH. Among them, macrophages, as the predominant inflammatory cells infiltrating around PAH lesions, play a crucial role in exacerbating pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH. Macrophages are generally polarized into (classic) M1 and (alternative) M2 phenotypes, they accelerate the process of PAH by secreting various chemokines and growth factors (CX3CR1, PDGF). In this review we summarize the mechanisms of immune cell action in PAH, as well as the key factors that regulate the polarization of macrophages in different directions and their functional changes after polarization. We also summarize the effects of different microenvironments on macrophages in PAH. The insight into the interactions between macrophages and other cells, chemokines and growth factors may provide important clues for the development of new, safe and effective immune-targeted therapies for PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chen-Chen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Zhuo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Hao-Ran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Mei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Da Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Feng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ji-Wang Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zhi-Yan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang-Yang He, ; Lu-Ling Zhao, ; Zhi-Yan Han,
| | - Lu-Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Yang-Yang He, ; Lu-Ling Zhao, ; Zhi-Yan Han,
| | - Yang-Yang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Yang-Yang He, ; Lu-Ling Zhao, ; Zhi-Yan Han,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen X, Tang AT, Tober J, Yang J, Leu NA, Sterling S, Chen M, Yang Y, Mericko-Ishizuka P, Speck NA, Kahn ML. Mouse placenta fetal macrophages arise from endothelial cells outside the placenta. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2652-2660.e3. [PMID: 36473461 PMCID: PMC9752200 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Placental fetal macrophages (fMacs) are the only immune cells on the fetal side of the placental barrier. Mouse models have not been used to test their function because they have previously been found to have distinct cellular origins and functions in mice and humans. Here, we test the ontogeny of mouse placental fMacs. Using a new Hoxa13Cre allele that labels all placental endothelial cells (ECs), we demonstrate that mouse placenta fMacs do not arise from placental endothelium. Instead, lineage tracing studies using Tie2-Cre and Cx3cr1CreERT2 alleles demonstrate that mouse placental fMacs arise from yolk sac endothelium. Administration of blocking antibodies against CSF1R at E6.5 and E7.5 results in depletion of placental fMacs throughout pregnancy, and this suggests a yolk sac origin, similar to that in human fMacs. This Matters Arising paper is in response to Liang et al., published in Developmental Cell. A response by Liang and Liu is published in this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alan T Tang
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Tober
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jisheng Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - N Adrian Leu
- Transgenic Mouse Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Sterling
- Transgenic Mouse Core, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mei Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yiqing Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Mericko-Ishizuka
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark L Kahn
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li W, Chang N, Li L. Heterogeneity and Function of Kupffer Cells in Liver Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940867. [PMID: 35833135 PMCID: PMC9271789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) are key regulators of liver immunity composing the principal part of hepatic macrophages even body tissue macrophages. They reside in liver sinusoids towards portal vein. The micro-environment shapes KCs unique immunosuppressive features and functions. KCs express specific surface markers that distinguish from other liver macrophages. By engulfing gut-derived foreign products and apoptotic cells without triggering excessive inflammation, KCs maintain homeostasis of liver and body. Heterogeneity of KCs has been identified in different studies. In terms of the origin, adult KCs are derived from progenitors of both embryo and adult bone marrow. Embryo-derived KCs compose the majority of KCs in healthy and maintain by self-renewal. Bone marrow monocytes replenish massively when embryo-derived KC proliferation are impaired. The phenotype of KCs is also beyond the traditional dogma of M1-M2. Functionally, KCs play central roles in pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver injury. They contribute to each pathological stage of liver disease. By initiating inflammation, regulating fibrosis, cirrhosis and tumor cell proliferation, KCs contribute to the resolution of liver injury and restoration of tissue architecture. The underlying mechanism varied by damage factors and pathology. Understanding the characteristics and functions of KCs may provide opportunities for the therapy of liver injury. Herein, we attempt to afford insights on heterogeneity and functions of KCs in liver injury using the existing findings.
Collapse
|
15
|
Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e737. [PMID: 35647488 PMCID: PMC9132533 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hierarchical framework of the adult blood system as we know it from current medical and hematology textbooks, displays a linear branching network of dividing and differentiated cells essential for the growth and maintenance of the healthy organism. This view of the hierarchy has evolved over the last 75 years. An amazing increase in cellular complexity has been realized; however, innovative single-cell technologies continue to uncover essential cell types and functions in animal models and the human blood system. The most potent cell of the hematopoietic hierarchy is the hematopoietic stem cell. Stem cells for adult tissues are the long-lived self-renewing cellular component, which ensure that differentiated tissue-specific cells are maintained and replaced through the entire adult lifespan. Although much blood research is focused on hematopoietic tissue homeostasis, replacement and regeneration during adult life, embryological studies have widened and enriched our understanding of additional developmental hierarchies and interacting cells of this life-sustaining tissue. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of the hierarchical organization and the vast heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system from embryonic to adult stages.
Collapse
|
16
|
Novel insights into embryonic cardiac macrophages. Dev Biol 2022; 488:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Hepatic macrophages are key immune cells associated with the broad ranges of liver diseases including steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Hepatic macrophages interact with other immune cells and orchestrate hepatic immune circumstances. Recently, the heterogenous populations of hepatic macrophages have been discovered termed residential Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages, and identified their distinct population dynamics during the progression of various liver diseases. Liver injury lead to Kupffer cells activation with induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which triggers recruitment of inflammatory monocyte-derived macrophages. To understand liver pathology, the functions of different subtypes of liver macrophages should be regarded with different perspectives. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the roles of hepatic macrophages under liver damages and suggest hepatic macrophages as promising therapeutic targets for treating liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Pathology and Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory of Pathology and Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Han
- Laboratory of Pathology and Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Specification of CNS macrophage subsets occurs postnatally in defined niches. Nature 2022; 604:740-748. [PMID: 35444273 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
All tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS)-including parenchymal microglia, as well as CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs1) such as meningeal and perivascular macrophages2-7-are part of the CNS endogenous innate immune system that acts as the first line of defence during infections or trauma2,8-10. It has been suggested that microglia and all subsets of CAMs are derived from prenatal cellular sources in the yolk sac that were defined as early erythromyeloid progenitors11-15. However, the precise ontogenetic relationships, the underlying transcriptional programs and the molecular signals that drive the development of distinct CAM subsets in situ are poorly understood. Here we show, using fate-mapping systems, single-cell profiling and cell-specific mutants, that only meningeal macrophages and microglia share a common prenatal progenitor. By contrast, perivascular macrophages originate from perinatal meningeal macrophages only after birth in an integrin-dependent manner. The establishment of perivascular macrophages critically requires the presence of arterial vascular smooth muscle cells. Together, our data reveal a precisely timed process in distinct anatomical niches for the establishment of macrophage subsets in the CNS.
Collapse
|
19
|
Freyer L, Lallemand Y, Dardenne P, Sommer A, Biton A, Gomez Perdiguero E. Erythro-myeloid progenitor origin of Hofbauer cells in the early mouse placenta. Development 2022; 149:275077. [PMID: 35438172 PMCID: PMC9124577 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are tissue macrophages of the placenta thought to be important for fetoplacental vascular development and innate immune protection. The developmental origins of HBCs remain unresolved and could implicate functional diversity of HBCs in placenta development and disease. In this study, we used flow cytometry and paternally inherited reporters to phenotype placenta macrophages and to identify fetal-derived HBCs and placenta-associated maternal macrophages in the mouse. In vivo pulse-labeling traced the ontogeny of HBCs from yolk sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors, with a minor contribution from fetal hematopoietic stem cells later on. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed transcriptional similarities between placenta macrophages and erythro-myeloid progenitor-derived fetal liver macrophages and microglia. As with other fetal tissue macrophages, HBCs were dependent on the transcription factor Pu.1, the loss-of-function of which in embryos disrupted fetoplacental labyrinth morphology, supporting a role for HBC in labyrinth angiogenesis and/or remodeling. HBC were also sensitive to Pu.1 (Spi1) haploinsufficiency, which caused an initial deficiency in the numbers of macrophages in the early mouse placenta. These results provide groundwork for future investigation into the relationship between HBC ontogeny and function in placenta pathophysiology. Summary: Feto-placental macrophages called Hofbauer cells are functionally distinct from maternal placenta macrophages, originate from yolk-sac erythro-myeloid progenitors and are controlled by Pu.1 in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laina Freyer
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yvan Lallemand
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Dardenne
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alina Sommer
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne Biton
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Institut Pasteur, Unit for Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
One Size Does Not Fit All: Heterogeneity in Developmental Hematopoiesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061061. [PMID: 35326511 PMCID: PMC8947200 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of the complexity of the developing hematopoietic system has dramatically expanded over the course of the last few decades. We now know that, while hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) firmly reside at the top of the adult hematopoietic hierarchy, multiple HSC-independent progenitor populations play variegated and fundamental roles during fetal life, which reflect on adult physiology and can lead to disease if subject to perturbations. The importance of obtaining a high-resolution picture of the mechanisms by which the developing embryo establishes a functional hematopoietic system is demonstrated by many recent indications showing that ontogeny is a primary determinant of function of multiple critical cell types. This review will specifically focus on exploring the diversity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells unique to embryonic and fetal life. We will initially examine the evidence demonstrating heterogeneity within the hemogenic endothelium, precursor to all definitive hematopoietic cells. Next, we will summarize the dynamics and characteristics of the so-called "hematopoietic waves" taking place during vertebrate development. For each of these waves, we will define the cellular identities of their components, the extent and relevance of their respective contributions as well as potential drivers of heterogeneity.
Collapse
|
21
|
Munro DAD, Movahedi K, Priller J. Macrophage compartmentalization in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid system. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabk0391. [PMID: 35245085 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abk0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages reside within the diverse anatomical compartments of the central nervous system (CNS). Within each compartment, these phagocytes are exposed to unique combinations of niche signals and mechanical stimuli that instruct their tissue-specific identities. Whereas most CNS macrophages are tissue-embedded, the macrophages of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system are bathed in an oscillating liquid. Studies using multiomics technologies have recently uncovered the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of CSF macrophages, enhancing our understanding of their cellular characteristics in both rodents and humans. Here, we review the relationships between CNS macrophage populations, with a focus on the origins, phenotypes, and functions of CSF macrophages in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A D Munro
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Josef Priller
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.,Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and DZNE, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ito C, Hikosaka-Kuniishi M, Yamazaki H, Yamane T. Multiple cell populations generate macrophage progenitors in the early yolk sac. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:159. [PMID: 35224692 PMCID: PMC11073295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Yolk sac (YS) CSF1 receptor positive (CSF1R+) cells are thought to be the progenitors for tissue-resident macrophages present in various tissues. The YS progenitors for tissue-resident macrophages are referred to as erythroid-myeloid progenitors (EMPs). However, diverse types of hematopoietic progenitors are present in the early YS, thus it is not precisely known which type of hematopoietic cell gives rise to the CSF1R+ lineage. In this study, an analysis was conducted to determine when CSF1R+ progenitors appeared in the early YS. It showed that CSF1R+ cells appeared in the YS as early as embryonic day 9 (E9) and that the earliest hematopoietic progenitors that differentiate into CSF1R+ cells were found in E8. Since these progenitors possessed the capability to generate primitive erythroid cells, it was likely that primitive erythroid lineages shared progenitors with the CSF1R+ lineage. Mutual antagonism appears to work between PU.1 and GATA1 when CSF1R+ cells appear in the early YS. One day later (E9), multiple progenitors, including myeloid-restricted progenitors and multipotent progenitors, in the YS could immediately generate CSF1R+ cells. These results suggest that EMPs are not an exclusive source for the CSF1R+ lineage; rather, multiple hematopoietic cell populations give rise to CSF1R+ lineage in the early YS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chie Ito
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Mari Hikosaka-Kuniishi
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamazaki
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamane
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Role of Distinct Macrophage Populations in the Development of Heart Failure in Macrophage Activation Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052433. [PMID: 35269577 PMCID: PMC8910409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is one of the few entities in rheumatology with the potential to quickly cause multiple organ failure and loss of life, and as such, requires urgent clinical intervention. It has a broad symptomatology, depending on the organs it affects. One especially dangerous aspect of MAS’s course of illness is myocarditis leading to acute heart failure and possibly death. Research in recent years has proved that macrophages settled in different organs are not a homogenous group, with particular populations differing in both structure and function. Within the heart, we can determine two major groups, based on the presence of the C-C 2 chemokine receptor (CCR2): CCR2+ and CCR2−. There are a number of studies describing their function and the changes in the population makeup between normal conditions and different illnesses; however, to our knowledge, there has not been one touching on the matter of changes occurring in the populations of heart macrophages during MAS and their possible consequences. This review summarizes the most recent knowledge on heart macrophages, the influence of select cytokines (those particularly significant in the development of MAS) on their activity, and both the immediate and long-term consequences of changes in the makeup of specific macrophage populations—especially the loss of CCR2− cells that are responsible for regenerative processes, as well as the substitution of tissue macrophages by the highly proinflammatory CCR2+ macrophages originating from circulating monocytes. Understanding the significance of these processes may lead to new discoveries that could improve the therapeutic methods in the treatment of MAS.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang G, Wang Z, Hu H, Zhao M, Sun L. Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: A Target for Therapeutic Intervention. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:749587. [PMID: 34899188 PMCID: PMC8651709 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.749587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common types of age-related dementia worldwide. In addition to extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, dysregulated microglia also play deleterious roles in the AD pathogenesis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that unbridled microglial activity induces a chronic neuroinflammatory environment, promotes β-amyloid accumulation and tau pathology, and impairs microglia-associated mitophagy. Thus, targeting microglia may pave the way for new therapeutic interventions. This review provides a thorough overview of the pathophysiological role of the microglia in AD and illustrates the potential avenues for microglia-targeted therapies, including microglial modification, immunoreceptors, and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang S, Ren D, Arkoun B, Kaushik AL, Matherat G, Lécluse Y, Filipp D, Vainchenker W, Raslova H, Plo I, Godin I. Lyl-1 regulates primitive macrophages and microglia development. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1382. [PMID: 34887504 PMCID: PMC8660792 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During ontogeny, macrophage populations emerge in the Yolk Sac (YS) via two distinct progenitor waves, prior to hematopoietic stem cell development. Macrophage progenitors from the primitive/"early EMP" and transient-definitive/"late EMP" waves both contribute to various resident primitive macrophage populations in the developing embryonic organs. Identifying factors that modulates early stages of macrophage progenitor development may lead to a better understanding of defective function of specific resident macrophage subsets. Here we show that YS primitive macrophage progenitors express Lyl-1, a bHLH transcription factor related to SCL/Tal-1. Transcriptomic analysis of YS macrophage progenitors indicate that primitive macrophage progenitors present at embryonic day 9 are clearly distinct from those present at later stages. Disruption of Lyl-1 basic helix-loop-helix domain leads initially to an increased emergence of primitive macrophage progenitors, and later to their defective differentiation. These defects are associated with a disrupted expression of gene sets related to embryonic patterning and neurodevelopment. Lyl-1-deficiency also induce a reduced production of mature macrophages/microglia in the early brain, as well as a transient reduction of the microglia pool at midgestation and in the newborn. We thus identify Lyl-1 as a critical regulator of primitive macrophages and microglia development, which disruption may impair resident-macrophage function during organogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoutang Wang
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Present Address: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Deshan Ren
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XPresent Address: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease study; Model Animal Research Center, Medical school of Nanjing University, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Brahim Arkoun
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Anna-Lila Kaushik
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France ,Present Address: Plasseraud IP, 33064 Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel Matherat
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France ,grid.22058.3d0000 0001 2104 254XPresent Address: Agence Nationale pour la Recherche, Paris, France
| | - Yann Lécluse
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388PFIC, lUMS AMMICa (US 23 INSERM/UMS 3655 CNRS; Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Dominik Filipp
- grid.418827.00000 0004 0620 870XLaboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - William Vainchenker
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Plo
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Godin
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM UMR1287, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ma H, Liu Z, Yang Y, Feng D, Dong Y, Garbutt TA, Hu Z, Wang L, Luan C, Cooper CD, Li Y, Welch JD, Qian L, Liu J. Functional coordination of non-myocytes plays a key role in adult zebrafish heart regeneration. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52901. [PMID: 34523214 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration occurs primarily through proliferation of existing cardiomyocytes, but also involves complex interactions between distinct cardiac cell types including non-cardiomyocytes (non-CMs). However, the subpopulations, distinguishing molecular features, cellular functions, and intercellular interactions of non-CMs in heart regeneration remain largely unexplored. Using the LIGER algorithm, we assemble an atlas of cell states from 61,977 individual non-CM scRNA-seq profiles isolated at multiple time points during regeneration. This analysis reveals extensive non-CM cell diversity, including multiple macrophage (MC), fibroblast (FB), and endothelial cell (EC) subpopulations with unique spatiotemporal distributions, and suggests an important role for MC in inducing the activated FB and EC subpopulations. Indeed, pharmacological perturbation of MC function compromises the induction of the unique FB and EC subpopulations. Furthermore, we developed computational algorithm Topologizer to map the topological relationships and dynamic transitions between functional states. We uncover dynamic transitions between MC functional states and identify factors involved in mRNA processing and transcriptional regulation associated with the transition. Together, our single-cell transcriptomic analysis of non-CMs during cardiac regeneration provides a blueprint for interrogating the molecular and cellular basis of this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ziqing Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuchen Yang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dong Feng
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yanhan Dong
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tiffany A Garbutt
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Li Wang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Changfei Luan
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia D Cooper
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joshua D Welch
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Li Qian
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pulmonary macrophages and their different roles in health and disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 141:106095. [PMID: 34653619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells with phenotype and function modulated according to the microenvironment in which they are found. The lung resident macrophages known as Alveolar Macrophages (AM) and Interstitial Macrophages (IM) are localized in two different compartments. During lung homeostasis, macrophages can remove inhaled particulates, cellular debris and contribute to some metabolic processes. Macrophages may assume a pro-inflammatory phenotype after being classically activated (M1) or anti-inflammatory when being alternatively activated (M2). M1 and M2 have different transcription profiles and act by eliminating bacteria, viruses and fungi from the host or repairing the damage triggered by inflammation, respectively. Nevertheless, macrophages also may contribute to lung damage during persistent inflammation or continuous exposure to antigens. In this review, we discuss the origin and function of pulmonary macrophages in the context of homeostasis, infectious and non-infectious lung diseases.
Collapse
|
28
|
Moura Silva H, Kitoko JZ, Queiroz CP, Kroehling L, Matheis F, Yang KL, Reis BS, Ren-Fielding C, Littman DR, Bozza MT, Mucida D, Lafaille JJ. c-MAF-dependent perivascular macrophages regulate diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabg7506. [PMID: 34597123 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abg7506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hernandez Moura Silva
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jamil Zola Kitoko
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Queiroz
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lina Kroehling
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fanny Matheis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Katharine Lu Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bernardo S Reis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Dan R Littman
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Marcelo Torres Bozza
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Juan J Lafaille
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hapln1b, a central organizer of the extracellular matrix, modulates kit signalling to control developmental haematopoiesis. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4935-4948. [PMID: 34543380 PMCID: PMC9152995 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During early vertebrate development, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are produced from hemogenic endothelium located in the dorsal aorta, before they migrate to a transient niche where they expand, the fetal liver and the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), in mammals and zebrafish, respectively. In zebrafish, previous studies have shown that the extracellular matrix (ECM) around the aorta needs to be degraded to allow HSPCs to leave the aortic floor and reach blood circulation. However, the role of the ECM components in HSPC specification has never been addressed. We show here that hapln1b, a key component of the ECM is specifically expressed in hematopoietic sites in the zebrafish embryo. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments all resulted in the absence of HSPCs in the early embryo, showing that hapln1b is required, at the correct level, to specify HSPCs in the hemogenic endothelium. Furthermore, we show that the expression of hapln1b is necessary to maintain the integrity of the ECM through its link domain. By combining functional analyses and computer modelling, we show that kitlgb interacts with the ECM to specify HSPCs. We demonstrate that the ECM is an integral component of the microenvironment and mediates cytokine signalling that is required for HSPC specification.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The immune (innate and adaptive) system has evolved to protect the host from any danger present in the surrounding outer environment (microbes and associated MAMPs or PAMPs, xenobiotics, and allergens) and dangers originated within the host called danger or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and recognizing and clearing the cells dying due to apoptosis. It also helps to lower the tissue damage during trauma and initiates the healing process. The pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in recognizing different PAMPs or MAMPs and DAMPs to initiate the pro-inflammatory immune response to clear them. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are first recognized PRRs and their discovery proved milestone in the field of immunology as it filled the gap between the first recognition of the pathogen by the immune system and the initiation of the appropriate immune response required to clear the infection by innate immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells or DCs, and mast cells). However, in addition to their expression by innate immune cells and controlling their function, TLRs are also expressed by adaptive immune cells. We have identified 10 TLRs (TLR1-TLR10) in humans and 12 TLRs (TLR1-TLR13) in laboratory mice till date as TLR10 in mice is present only as a defective pseudogene. The present chapter starts with the introduction of innate immunity, timing of TLR evolution, and the evolution of adaptive immune system and its receptors (T cell receptors or TCRs and B cell receptors or BCRs). The next section describes the role of TLRs in the innate immune function and signaling involved in the generation of inflammation. The subsequent sections describe the expression and function of different TLRs in murine and human adaptive immune cells (B cells and different types of T cells, including CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, CD4+CD25+Tregs, and CD8+CD25+Tregs, etc.). The modulation of TLRs expressed on T and B cells has a great potential to develop different vaccine candidates, adjuvants, immunotherapies to target various microbial infections, including current COVID-19 pandemic, cancers, and autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mack R, Zhang L, Breslin Sj P, Zhang J. The Fetal-to-Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transition and its Role in Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2059-2080. [PMID: 34424480 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As with most organ systems that undergo continuous generation and maturation during the transition from fetal to adult life, the hematopoietic and immune systems also experience dynamic changes. Such changes lead to many unique features in blood cell function and immune responses in early childhood. The blood cells and immune cells in neonates are a mixture of fetal and adult origin due to the co-existence of both fetal and adult types of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs). Fetal blood and immune cells gradually diminish during maturation of the infant and are almost completely replaced by adult types of cells by 3 to 4 weeks after birth in mice. Such features in early childhood are associated with unique features of hematopoietic and immune diseases, such as leukemia, at these developmental stages. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hematopoietic and immune changes occur throughout ontogeny will provide useful information for the study and treatment of pediatric blood and immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the most recent studies on hematopoietic initiation during early embryonic development, the expansion of both fetal and adult types of HSCs and HPCs in the fetal liver and fetal bone marrow stages, and the shift from fetal to adult hematopoiesis/immunity during neonatal/infant development. We also discuss the contributions of fetal types of HSCs/HPCs to childhood leukemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin Sj
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Macrophages are essential components of the immune system and play a role in the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Depending on their origin and phenotype, cardiac macrophages perform various functions. In a steady-state, these cells play a beneficial role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis by defending the body from pathogens and eliminating apoptotic cells, participating in electrical conduction, vessel patrolling, and arterial tone regulation. However, macrophages also take part in adverse cardiac remodeling that could lead to the development and progression of heart failure (HF) in such HF comorbidities as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, studies on detailed mechanisms of cardiac macrophage function are still in progress, and could enable potential therapeutic applications of these cells. This review aims to present the latest reports on the origin, heterogeneity, and functions of cardiac macrophages in the healthy heart and in cardiovascular diseases leading to HF. The potential therapeutic use of macrophages is also briefly discussed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Schulz C, Petzold T, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H. Macrophage Regulation of Granulopoiesis and Neutrophil Functions. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:182-191. [PMID: 33107319 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Neutrophils are potent effector cells of innate immunity requiring precise regulation of their numbers and functions in blood and tissues. Recent Advances: Macrophages have emerged as modulators of neutrophil properties. In inflammatory conditions, tissue macrophages modulate neutrophil trafficking and activation. Further, macrophages govern granulopoiesis in the bone marrow hematopoietic niche. Interactions of macrophages and neutrophils can be induced by cytokines and damage-associated molecular patterns, and they are also regulated by oxidative signaling. Critical Issues: We review the impact of macrophages on neutrophil development and function, and its consequences in health and disease. Future Directions: Targeting the liaison between macrophages and neutrophils might provide an interesting therapeutic strategy to reduce tissue inflammation and promote immune tolerance. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 182-191.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Petzold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I., LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gunaydin G. CAFs Interacting With TAMs in Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Tumorigenesis and Immune Evasion. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668349. [PMID: 34336660 PMCID: PMC8317617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most important and abundant players of the tumor microenvironment. CAFs as well as TAMs are known to play pivotal supportive roles in tumor growth and progression. The number of CAF or TAM cells is mostly correlated with poor prognosis. Both CAFs and TAMs are in a reciprocal communication with the tumor cells in the tumor milieu. In addition to such interactions, CAFs and TAMs are also involved in a dynamic and reciprocal interrelationship with each other. Both CAFs and TAMs are capable of altering each other's functions. Here, the current understanding of the distinct mechanisms about the complex interplay between CAFs and TAMs are summarized. In addition, the consequences of such a mutual relationship especially for tumor progression and tumor immune evasion are highlighted, focusing on the synergistic pleiotropic effects. CAFs and TAMs are crucial components of the tumor microenvironment; thus, they may prove to be potential therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the tri-directional interactions of CAFs, TAMs and cancer cells in terms of tumor progression will pave the way for the identification of novel theranostic cues in order to better target the crucial mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang C, Gong Y, Wei A, Huang T, Hou S, Du J, Li Z, Wang J, Liu B, Lan Y. Adult-repopulating lymphoid potential of yolk sac blood vessels is not confined to arterial endothelial cells. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:2073-2087. [PMID: 34181164 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-1935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are believed to be derived from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs). Moreover, arterial feature is proposed to be a prerequisite for HECs to generate HSPCs with lymphoid potential. Although the molecular basis of hematopoietic stem cell-competent HECs has been delicately elucidated within the embryo proper, the functional and molecular characteristics of HECs in the extraembryonic yolk sac (YS) remain largely unresolved. In this study, we initially identified six molecularly different endothelial populations in the midgestational YS through integrated analysis of several single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets and validated the arterial vasculature distribution of Gja5+ ECs using a Gja5-EGFP reporter mouse model. Further, we explored the hemogenic potential of different EC populations based on their Gja5-EGFP and CD44 expression levels. The hemogenic potential was ubiquitously detected in spatiotemporally different vascular beds on embryonic days (E)8.5-E9.5 and gradually concentrated in CD44-positive ECs from E10.0. Unexpectedly, B-lymphoid potential was detected in the YS ECs as early as E8.5 regardless of their arterial features. Furthermore, the capacity for generating hematopoietic progenitors with in vivo lymphoid potential was found in nonarterial as well as arterial YS ECs on E10.0-E10.5. Importantly, the distinct identities of E10.0-E10.5 HECs between YS and intraembryonic caudal region were revealed by further scRNA-seq analysis. Cumulatively, these findings extend our knowledge regarding the hemogenic potential of ECs from anatomically and molecularly different vascular beds, providing a theoretical basis for better understanding the sources of HSPCs during mammalian development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yandong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Anbang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Siyuan Hou
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Junjie Du
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zongcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Junliang Wang
- Department of radiotherapy, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Splichalova I, Balounová J, Vobořil M, Brabec T, Sedlacek R, Filipp D. Deletion of TLR2 + erythro-myeloid progenitors leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2237-2250. [PMID: 34107067 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Early embryonic hematopoiesis in mammals is defined by three successive waves of hematopoietic progenitors which exhibit a distinct hematopoietic potential and provide continuous support for the development of the embryo and adult organism. Although the functional importance of each of these waves has been analyzed, their spatio-temporal overlap and the lack of wave-specific markers hinders the accurate separation and assessment of their functional roles during early embryogenesis. We have recently shown that TLR2, in combination with c-kit, represents the earliest signature of emerging precursors of the second hematopoietic wave, erythro-myeloid precursors (EMPs). Since the onset of Tlr2 expression distinguishes EMPs from primitive progenitors which coexist in the yolk sac from E7.5, we generated a novel transgenic "knock in" mouse model, Tlr2Dtr , suitable for inducible targeted depletion of TLR2+ EMPs. In this model, the red fluorescent protein and diphtheria toxin receptor sequences are linked via a P2A sequence and inserted into the Tlr2 locus before its stop codon. We show that a timely controlled deletion of TLR2+ EMPs in Tlr2Dtr embryos results in a marked decrease in both erythroid as well as myeloid lineages and, consequently, in embryonic lethality peaking before E13.5. These findings validate the importance of EMPs in embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Splichalova
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Balounová
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matouš Vobořil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brabec
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Filipp
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cotechini T, Atallah A, Grossman A. Tissue-Resident and Recruited Macrophages in Primary Tumor and Metastatic Microenvironments: Potential Targets in Cancer Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040960. [PMID: 33924237 PMCID: PMC8074766 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages within solid tumors and metastatic sites are heterogenous populations with different developmental origins and substantially contribute to tumor progression. A number of tumor-promoting phenotypes associated with both tumor- and metastasis-associated macrophages are similar to innate programs of embryonic-derived tissue-resident macrophages. In contrast to recruited macrophages originating from marrow precursors, tissue-resident macrophages are seeded before birth and function to coordinate tissue remodeling and maintain tissue integrity and homeostasis. Both recruited and tissue-resident macrophage populations contribute to tumor growth and metastasis and are important mediators of resistance to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immune checkpoint blockade. Thus, targeting various macrophage populations and their tumor-promoting phenotypes holds therapeutic promise. Here, we discuss various macrophage populations as regulators of tumor progression, immunity, and immunotherapy. We provide an overview of macrophage targeting strategies, including therapeutics designed to induce macrophage depletion, impair recruitment, and induce repolarization. We also provide a perspective on the therapeutic potential for macrophage-specific acquisition of trained immunity as an anti-cancer agent and discuss the therapeutic potential of exploiting macrophages and their traits to reduce tumor burden.
Collapse
|
38
|
Qian S, Tang Y, Tang QQ. Adipose tissue plasticity and the pleiotropic roles of BMP signaling. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100678. [PMID: 33872596 PMCID: PMC8131923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissues, including white, beige, and brown adipose tissue, have evolved to be highly dynamic organs. Adipose tissues undergo profound changes during development and regeneration and readily undergo remodeling to meet the demands of an everchanging metabolic landscape. The dynamics are determined by the high plasticity of adipose tissues, which contain various cell types: adipocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells, nerves, and fibroblasts. There are numerous proteins that participate in regulating the plasticity of adipose tissues. Among these, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were initially found to regulate the differentiation of adipocytes, and they are being reported to have pleiotropic functions by emerging studies. Here, in the first half of the article, we summarize the plasticity of adipocytes and macrophages, which are two groups of cells targeted by BMP signaling in adipose tissues. We then review how BMPs regulate the differentiation, death, and lipid metabolism of adipocytes. In addition, the potential role of BMPs in regulating adipose tissue macrophages is considered. Finally, the expression of BMPs in adipose tissues and their metabolic relevance are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Qian
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hadrian K, Willenborg S, Bock F, Cursiefen C, Eming SA, Hos D. Macrophage-Mediated Tissue Vascularization: Similarities and Differences Between Cornea and Skin. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667830. [PMID: 33897716 PMCID: PMC8058454 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are critical mediators of tissue vascularization both in health and disease. In multiple tissues, macrophages have been identified as important regulators of both blood and lymphatic vessel growth, specifically following tissue injury and in pathological inflammatory responses. In development, macrophages have also been implicated in limiting vascular growth. Hence, macrophages provide an important therapeutic target to modulate tissue vascularization in the clinic. However, the molecular mechanisms how macrophages mediate tissue vascularization are still not entirely resolved. Furthermore, mechanisms might also vary among different tissues. Here we review the role of macrophages in tissue vascularization with a focus on their role in blood and lymphatic vessel formation in the barrier tissues cornea and skin. Comparing mechanisms of macrophage-mediated hem- and lymphangiogenesis in the angiogenically privileged cornea and the physiologically vascularized skin provides an opportunity to highlight similarities but also tissue-specific differences, and to understand how macrophage-mediated hem- and lymphangiogenesis can be exploited for the treatment of disease, including corneal wound healing after injury, graft rejection after corneal transplantation or pathological vascularization of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Hadrian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Felix Bock
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabine A Eming
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Developmental Biology Unit, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Hos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fujita Y, Yamashita T. Mechanisms and significance of microglia-axon interactions in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3907-3919. [PMID: 33507328 PMCID: PMC11072252 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and are important for cellular processes. In addition to their classical roles in pathophysiological conditions, these immune cells also dynamically interact with neurons and influence their structure and function in physiological conditions. Microglia have been shown to contact neurons at various points, including the dendrites, cell bodies, synapses, and axons, and support various developmental functions, such as neuronal survival, axon elongation, and maturation of the synaptic circuit. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the roles of microglia in brain development, with particular emphasis on microglia-axon interactions. We will review recent findings regarding the functions and signaling pathways involved in the reciprocal interactions between microglia and neurons. Moreover, as these interactions are altered in disease and injury conditions, we also discuss the effect and alteration of microglia-axon interactions in disease progression and the potential role of microglia in developmental brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Graduate School of Frontier Bioscience, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Blériot C, Chakarov S, Ginhoux F. Determinants of Resident Tissue Macrophage Identity and Function. Immunity 2021; 52:957-970. [PMID: 32553181 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Resident tissue macrophages (RTMs) have a broad spectrum of immune- and non-immune-related tissue-supporting activities. The roots of this heterogeneity and versatility are only beginning to be understood. Here, we propose a conceptual framework for considering the RTM heterogeneity that organizes the factors shaping RTM identity within four cardinal points: (1) ontogeny and the view that adult RTM populations comprise a defined mixture of cells that arise from either embryonic precursors or adult monocytes; (2) local factors unique to the niche of residence, evolving during development and aging; (3) inflammation status; and (4) the cumulative effect of time spent in a specific tissue that contributes to the resilient adaptation of macrophages to their dynamic environment. We review recent findings within this context and discuss the technological advances that are revolutionizing the study of macrophage biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Blériot
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building #3-4, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Svetoslav Chakarov
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building #3-4, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos Building #3-4, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Elsaid R, Meunier S, Burlen-Defranoux O, Soares-da-Silva F, Perchet T, Iturri L, Freyer L, Vieira P, Pereira P, Golub R, Bandeira A, Perdiguero EG, Cumano A. A wave of bipotent T/ILC-restricted progenitors shapes the embryonic thymus microenvironment in a time-dependent manner. Blood 2021; 137:1024-1036. [PMID: 33025012 PMCID: PMC8065239 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic development, multiple waves of hematopoietic progenitors with distinct lineage potential are differentially regulated in time and space. Two different waves of thymic progenitors colonize the fetal thymus where they contribute to thymic organogenesis and homeostasis. The origin, the lineage differentiation potential of the first wave, and their relative contribution in shaping the thymus architecture, remained, however, unclear. Here, we show that the first wave of thymic progenitors comprises a unique population of bipotent T and innatel lymphoid cells (T/ILC), generating a lymphoid tissue inducer cells (LTi's), in addition to invariant Vγ5+ T cells. Transcriptional analysis revealed that innate lymphoid gene signatures and, more precisely, the LTi-associated transcripts were expressed in the first, but not in the second, wave of thymic progenitors. Depletion of early thymic progenitors in a temporally controlled manner showed that the progeny of the first wave is indispensable for the differentiation of autoimmune regulator-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). We further show that these progenitors are of strict hematopoietic stem cell origin, despite the overlap between lymphopoiesis initiation and the transient expression of lymphoid-associated transcripts in yolk sac (YS) erythromyeloid-restricted precursors. Our work highlights the relevance of the developmental timing on the emergence of different lymphoid subsets, required for the establishment of a functionally diverse immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Elsaid
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Meunier
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Odile Burlen-Defranoux
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francisca Soares-da-Silva
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S) and
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Thibaut Perchet
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lorea Iturri
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Group, Development and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; and
- Cellule Pasteur, University Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - Laina Freyer
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Group, Development and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; and
| | - Paulo Vieira
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Pereira
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Golub
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Bandeira
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells Group, Development and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; and
| | - Ana Cumano
- Unit of Lymphopoiesis, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Unité 1223, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Soares-da-Silva F, Freyer L, Elsaid R, Burlen-Defranoux O, Iturri L, Sismeiro O, Pinto-do-Ó P, Gomez-Perdiguero E, Cumano A. Yolk sac, but not hematopoietic stem cell-derived progenitors, sustain erythropoiesis throughout murine embryonic life. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211777. [PMID: 33566111 PMCID: PMC7879581 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the embryo, the first hematopoietic cells derive from the yolk sac and are thought to be rapidly replaced by the progeny of hematopoietic stem cells. We used three lineage-tracing mouse models to show that, contrary to what was previously assumed, hematopoietic stem cells do not contribute significantly to erythrocyte production up until birth. Lineage tracing of yolk sac erythromyeloid progenitors, which generate tissue resident macrophages, identified highly proliferative erythroid progenitors that rapidly differentiate after intra-embryonic injection, persisting as the major contributors to the embryonic erythroid compartment. We show that erythrocyte progenitors of yolk sac origin require 10-fold lower concentrations of erythropoietin than their hematopoietic stem cell–derived counterparts for efficient erythrocyte production. We propose that, in a low erythropoietin environment in the fetal liver, yolk sac–derived erythrocyte progenitors efficiently outcompete hematopoietic stem cell progeny, which fails to generate megakaryocyte and erythrocyte progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Soares-da-Silva
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laina Freyer
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ramy Elsaid
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Odile Burlen-Defranoux
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lorea Iturri
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Odile Sismeiro
- Institut Pasteur, Transcriptome and EpiGenome, Biomics Center for Innovation and Technological Research, Paris, France
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisa Gomez-Perdiguero
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, UMR3738 Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ana Cumano
- Lymphocytes and Immunity Unit, Immunology Department, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lange L, Morgan M, Schambach A. The hemogenic endothelium: a critical source for the generation of PSC-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:4143-4160. [PMID: 33559689 PMCID: PMC8164610 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In vitro generation of hematopoietic cells and especially hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are subject to intensive research in recent decades, as these cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine and autologous cell replacement therapies. Despite many attempts, in vitro, de novo generation of bona fide HSCs remains challenging, and we are still far away from their clinical use, due to insufficient functionality and quantity of the produced HSCs. The challenges of generating PSC-derived HSCs are already apparent in early stages of hemato-endothelial specification with the limitation of recapitulating complex, dynamic processes of embryonic hematopoietic ontogeny in vitro. Further, these current shortcomings imply the incompleteness of our understanding of human ontogenetic processes from embryonic mesoderm over an intermediate, specialized hemogenic endothelium (HE) to their immediate progeny, the HSCs. In this review, we examine the recent investigations of hemato-endothelial ontogeny and recently reported progress for the conversion of PSCs and other promising somatic cell types towards HSCs with the focus on the crucial and inevitable role of the HE to achieve the long-standing goal—to generate therapeutically applicable PSC-derived HSCs in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lange
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu Y, Hirschi KK. Tissue-Resident Macrophage Development and Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:617879. [PMID: 33490082 PMCID: PMC7820365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.617879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages have been associated with important and diverse biological processes such as native immunity, tissue homeostasis and angiogenesis during development and postnatally. Thus, it is critical to understand the origins and functions of tissue-resident macrophages, as well as mechanisms underlying their regulation. It is now well accepted that murine macrophages are produced during three consecutive waves of hematopoietic development. The first wave of macrophage formation takes place during primitive hematopoiesis, which occurs in the yolk sac, and gives rise to primitive erythroid, megakaryocyte and macrophage progenitors. These “primitive” macrophage progenitors ultimately give rise to microglia in the adult brain. The second wave, which also occurs in the yolk sac, generates multipotent erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP), which give rise to tissue-resident macrophages. Tissue-resident macrophages derived from EMP reside in diverse niches of different tissues except the brain, and demonstrate tissue-specific functions therein. The third wave of macrophages derives from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are formed in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of the embryo and migrate to, and colonize, the fetal liver. These HSC-derived macrophages are a long-lived pool that will last throughout adulthood. In this review, we discuss the developmental origins of tissue-resident macrophages, their molecular regulation in specific tissues, and their impact on embryonic development and postnatal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sreejit G, Fleetwood AJ, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. Origins and diversity of macrophages in health and disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1222. [PMID: 33363732 PMCID: PMC7750014 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the first immune cells in the developing embryo and have a central role in organ development, homeostasis, immunity and repair. Over the last century, our understanding of these cells has evolved from being thought of as simple phagocytic cells to master regulators involved in governing a myriad of cellular processes. A better appreciation of macrophage biology has been matched with a clearer understanding of their diverse origins and the flexibility of their metabolic and transcriptional machinery. The understanding of the classical mononuclear phagocyte system in its original form has now been expanded to include the embryonic origin of tissue‐resident macrophages. A better knowledge of the intrinsic similarities and differences between macrophages of embryonic or monocyte origin has highlighted the importance of ontogeny in macrophage dysfunction in disease. In this review, we provide an update on origin and classification of tissue macrophages, the mechanisms of macrophage specialisation and their role in health and disease. The importance of the macrophage niche in providing trophic factors and a specialised environment for macrophage differentiation and specialisation is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| | - Andrew J Fleetwood
- Division of Immunometabolism Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Prabhakara R Nagareddy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Elsaid R, Soares-da-Silva F, Peixoto M, Amiri D, Mackowski N, Pereira P, Bandeira A, Cumano A. Hematopoiesis: A Layered Organization Across Chordate Species. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:606642. [PMID: 33392196 PMCID: PMC7772317 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.606642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of distinct waves of progenitors during development, each corresponding to a specific time, space, and function, provided the basis for the concept of a “layered” organization in development. The concept of a layered hematopoiesis was established by classical embryology studies in birds and amphibians. Recent progress in generating reliable lineage tracing models together with transcriptional and proteomic analyses in single cells revealed that, also in mammals, the hematopoietic system evolves in successive waves of progenitors with distinct properties and fate. During embryogenesis, sequential waves of hematopoietic progenitors emerge at different anatomic sites, generating specific cell types with distinct functions and tissue homing capacities. The first progenitors originate in the yolk sac before the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells, some giving rise to progenies that persist throughout life. Hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells that protect organisms against environmental pathogens follow the same sequential strategy, with subsets of lymphoid cells being only produced during embryonic development. Growing evidence indicates that fetal immune cells contribute to the proper development of the organs they seed and later ensure life-long tissue homeostasis and immune protection. They include macrophages, mast cells, some γδ T cells, B-1 B cells, and innate lymphoid cells, which have “non-redundant” functions, and early perturbations in their development or function affect immunity in the adult. These observations challenged the view that all hematopoietic cells found in the adult result from constant and monotonous production from bone marrow-resident hematopoietic stem cells. In this review, we evaluate evidence for a layered hematopoietic system across species. We discuss mechanisms and selective pressures leading to the temporal generation of different cell types. We elaborate on the consequences of disturbing fetal immune cells on tissue homeostasis and immune development later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Elsaid
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Francisca Soares-da-Silva
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Instituto de Ciências Biomeìdicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcia Peixoto
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France.,I3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dali Amiri
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nathan Mackowski
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Pereira
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Bandeira
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ana Cumano
- Unit of Lymphocytes and Immunity, Immunology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Céllule Pasteur, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Upreti D, Bakhshinyan D, Bloemberg D, Vora P, Venugopal C, Singh SK. Strategies to Enhance the Efficacy of T-Cell Therapy for Central Nervous System Tumors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:599253. [PMID: 33281826 PMCID: PMC7689359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.599253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality rates in patients diagnosed with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, originating in the brain or spinal cord, continue to remain high despite the advances in multimodal treatment regimens, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Recent success of adoptive cell transfer immunotherapy treatments using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T cells against in chemotherapy resistant CD19 expressing B-cell lymphomas, has provided the foundation for investigating efficacy of CAR T immunotherapies in the context of brain tumor. Although significant efforts have been made in developing and translating the novel CAR T therapies for CNS tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM), researchers are yet to achieve a similar level of success as with liquid malignancies. In this review, we discuss strategies and considerations essential for developing robust preclinical models for the translation of T cell-based therapies for CNS tumors. Some of the key considerations include route of delivery, increasing persistence of T cells in tumor environment, remodeling of myeloid environment, establishing the window of treatment opportunity, harnessing endogenous immune system, designing multiple antigen targeting T cells, and rational combination of immunotherapy with the current standard of care. Although this review focuses primarily on CAR T therapies for GBM, similar strategies, and considerations are applicable to all CNS tumors in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Upreti
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David Bakhshinyan
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Darin Bloemberg
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Parvez Vora
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chitra Venugopal
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wittamer V, Bertrand JY. Yolk sac hematopoiesis: does it contribute to the adult hematopoietic system? Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4081-4091. [PMID: 32405721 PMCID: PMC11104818 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In most vertebrates, the yolk sac (YS) represents the very first tissue where blood cells are detected. Therefore, it was thought for a long time that it generated all the blood cells present in the embryo. This model was challenged using different animal models, and we now know that YS hematopoietic precursors are mostly transient although their contribution to the adult system cannot be excluded. In this review, we aim at properly define the different waves of blood progenitors that are produced by the YS and address the fate of each of them. Indeed, in the last decade, many evidences have emphasized the role of the YS in the emergence of several myeloid tissue-resident adult subsets. We will focus on the development of microglia, the resident macrophages in the central nervous system, and try to untangle the recent controversy about their origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Wittamer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Brussels, Belgium
- ULB Institute of Neuroscience (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien Y Bertrand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Geneva 4, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lomelí H, Castillo-Castellanos F. Notch signaling and the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1302-1317. [PMID: 32996661 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is able to give rise to all blood cell lineages in vertebrates. HSCs are generated in the early embryo after two precedent waves of primitive hematopoiesis. Canonical Notch signaling is at the center of the complex mechanism that controls the development of the definitive HSC. The successful in vitro generation of hematopoietic cells from pluripotent stem cells with the capacity for multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation requires the recapitulation of the most important process that takes place in the hemogenic endothelium during definitive hematopoiesis, that is the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). To meet this challenge, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the molecular mechanisms that modulate Notch signaling during the HSC differentiation process considering different temporal and spatial dimensions. In recent years, there have been important advances in this field. Here, we review relevant contributions describing different genes, factors, environmental cues, and signaling cascades that regulate the EHT through Notch interactions at multiple levels. The evolutionary conservation of the hematopoietic program has made possible the use of diverse model systems. We describe the contributions of the zebrafish model and the most relevant ones from transgenic mouse studies and from in vitro differentiated pluripotent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Lomelí
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, 62210, Mexico
| | - Francisco Castillo-Castellanos
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, 62210, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|