1
|
Yamamoto T, Oishi K, Ohata S, Murata Y, Yamaji Y, Asami-Noyama M, Edakuni N, Kakugawa T, Hirano T, Matsunaga K. Management Reality of Female Patients with COPD: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CAP Study in Japan. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:1123-1130. [PMID: 38803411 PMCID: PMC11129750 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s455397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Reports from Europe and North America suggest that female chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have a higher symptom burden and mortality than male patients. However, little is known about the management reality of female patients with COPD in Japan. Patients and Methods We compared the clinical characteristics of female COPD patients with those of male using the cohort of the COPD Assessment in Practice study, which is a cross-sectional multicenter observational study. Results Of the 1168 patients, 133 (11.4%) were female. A history of never smoking was higher in females than males (p<0.01). Although there was no difference in age or forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted between the groups, modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC) and number of frequent exacerbators were higher in females (mMRC≥2: p<0.01; number of exacerbations≥2: p=0.011). The mean forced vital capacity and FEV1 values in females were lower than those in males (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001, respectively). Females were more likely to use long-term oxygen therapy and inhaled corticosteroids than males (p=0.016 and p<0.01, respectively). The prevalence of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) groups B, C, D (ABCD GOLD 2017 classification), and E (ABE GOLD 2023 classification) was higher in females than in males. Conclusion The disease burden of female patients with COPD is higher than that of male patients in Japan, suggesting the importance of interventions considering female-dominant features such as lower absolute FVC and FEV1, respiratory failure, and asthma-like conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Yamaguchi-Ube Medical Center, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Keiji Oishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Syuichiro Ohata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Murata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yamaji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Maki Asami-Noyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Edakuni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kakugawa
- Department of Pulmonology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tsunahiko Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuto Matsunaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milne KM, Mitchell RA, Ferguson ON, Hind AS, Guenette JA. Sex-differences in COPD: from biological mechanisms to therapeutic considerations. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1289259. [PMID: 38572156 PMCID: PMC10989064 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1289259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory condition characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. We review sex-differences in disease mechanisms, structure-function-symptom relationships, responses to therapies, and clinical outcomes in COPD with a specific focus on dyspnea. Females with COPD experience greater dyspnea and higher morbidity compared to males. Imaging studies using chest computed tomography scans have demonstrated that females with COPD tend to have smaller airways than males as well as a lower burden of emphysema. Sex-differences in lung and airway structure lead to critical respiratory mechanical constraints during exercise at a lower absolute ventilation in females compared to males, which is largely explained by sex differences in maximum ventilatory capacity. Females experience similar benefit with respect to inhaled COPD therapies, pulmonary rehabilitation, and smoking cessation compared to males. Ongoing re-assessment of potential sex-differences in COPD may offer insights into the evolution of patterns of care and clinical outcomes in COPD patients over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Milne
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and Providence Research, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Reid A. Mitchell
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and Providence Research, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Olivia N. Ferguson
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and Providence Research, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alanna S. Hind
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and Providence Research, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jordan A. Guenette
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and Providence Research, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ekström M, Sundh J, Andersson A, Angerås O, Blomberg A, Börjesson M, Caidahl K, Emilsson ÖI, Engvall J, Frykholm E, Grote L, Hedman K, Jernberg T, Lindberg E, Malinovschi A, Nyberg A, Rullman E, Sandberg J, Sköld M, Stenfors N, Sundström J, Tanash H, Zaigham S, Carlhäll CJ. Exertional breathlessness related to medical conditions in middle-aged people: the population-based SCAPIS study of more than 25,000 men and women. Respir Res 2024; 25:127. [PMID: 38493081 PMCID: PMC10944596 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breathlessness is common in the population and can be related to a range of medical conditions. We aimed to evaluate the burden of breathlessness related to different medical conditions in a middle-aged population. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study of adults aged 50-64 years. Breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council [mMRC] ≥ 2) was evaluated in relation to self-reported symptoms, stress, depression; physician-diagnosed conditions; measured body mass index (BMI), spirometry, venous haemoglobin concentration, coronary artery calcification and stenosis [computer tomography (CT) angiography], and pulmonary emphysema (high-resolution CT). For each condition, the prevalence and breathlessness population attributable fraction (PAF) were calculated, overall and by sex, smoking history, and presence/absence of self-reported cardiorespiratory disease. RESULTS We included 25,948 people aged 57.5 ± [SD] 4.4; 51% women; 37% former and 12% current smokers; 43% overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9), 21% obese (BMI ≥ 30); 25% with respiratory disease, 14% depression, 9% cardiac disease, and 3% anemia. Breathlessness was present in 3.7%. Medical conditions most strongly related to the breathlessness prevalence were (PAF 95%CI): overweight and obesity (59.6-66.0%), stress (31.6-76.8%), respiratory disease (20.1-37.1%), depression (17.1-26.6%), cardiac disease (6.3-12.7%), anemia (0.8-3.3%), and peripheral arterial disease (0.3-0.8%). Stress was the main factor in women and current smokers. CONCLUSION Breathlessness mainly relates to overweight/obesity and stress and to a lesser extent to comorbidities like respiratory, depressive, and cardiac disorders among middle-aged people in a high-income setting-supporting the importance of lifestyle interventions to reduce the burden of breathlessness in the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Josefin Sundh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anders Andersson
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- COPD Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Angerås
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department MGAÖ, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Caidahl
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Össur Ingi Emilsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Engvall
- CMIV, Centre of Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Erik Frykholm
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ludger Grote
- Center for Sleep and Vigilance Disorders, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Hedman
- Department of Clinical Physiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - André Nyberg
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eric Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacob Sandberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sköld
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikolai Stenfors
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hanan Tanash
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Suneela Zaigham
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Carlhäll
- Department of Clinical Physiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olsson M, Björkelund AJ, Sandberg J, Blomberg A, Börjesson M, Currow D, Malinovschi A, Sköld M, Wollmer P, Torén K, Östgren CJ, Engström G, Ekström M. Factors most strongly associated with breathlessness in a population aged 50-64 years. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00582-2023. [PMID: 38529345 PMCID: PMC10962452 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00582-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breathlessness is a troublesome and prevalent symptom in the population, but knowledge of related factors is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify the factors most strongly associated with breathlessness in the general population and to describe the shapes of the associations between the main factors and breathlessness. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was carried out of the multicentre population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) of adults aged 50 to 64 years. Breathlessness was defined as a modified Medical Research Council breathlessness rating ≥2. The machine learning algorithm extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) was used to classify participants as either breathless or nonbreathless using 449 factors, including physiological measurements, blood samples, computed tomography cardiac and lung measurements, lifestyle, health conditions and socioeconomics. The strength of the associations between the factors and breathlessness were measured by SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), with higher scores reflecting stronger associations. Results A total of 28 730 participants (52% women) were included in the study. The strongest associated factors for breathlessness were (in order of magnitude): body mass index ( SHAP score 0.39), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (0.32), physical activity measured by accelerometery (0.27), sleep apnoea (0.22), diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (0.21), self-reported physical activity (0.17), chest pain when hurrying (0.17), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (0.17), recent weight change (0.14) and cough (0.13). Conclusion This large population-based study of men and women aged 50-64 years identified the main factors related to breathlessness that may be prevented or amenable to public health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Olsson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders J. Björkelund
- Lund University, Faculty of Science, Centre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob Sandberg
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Umeå University, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Dept of Molecular and Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Health and Performance, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Dept MGAÖ, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Dept of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sköld
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Wollmer
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kjell Torén
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Östgren
- Centre of Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Molgat-Seon Y, Sawatzky MAT, Dominelli PB, Kirby M, Guenette JA, Bourbeau J, Tan WC, Sheel AW. Dysanapsis is not associated with exertional dyspnoea in healthy male and female never-smokers aged 40 years and older. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:223-235. [PMID: 37847929 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
In healthy adults, airway-to-lung (i.e., dysanapsis) ratio is lower and dyspnoea during exercise at a given minute ventilation (V̇E) is higher in females than in males. We investigated the relationship between dysanapsis and sex on exertional dyspnoea in healthy adults. We hypothesized that females would have a smaller airway-to-lung ratio than males and that exertional dyspnoea would be associated with airway-to-lung ratio in males and females. We analyzed data from n = 100 healthy never-smokers aged ≥40 years enrolled in the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) study who underwent pulmonary function testing, a chest computed tomography scan, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The luminal area of the trachea, right main bronchus, left main bronchus, right upper lobe, bronchus intermedius, left upper lobe, and left lower lobe were 22%-37% smaller (all p < 0.001) and the airway-to-lung ratio (i.e., average large conducting airway diameter relative to total lung capacity) was lower in females than in males (0.609 ± 0.070 vs. 0.674 ± 0.082; p < 0.001). During exercise, there was a significant effect of V̇E, sex, and their interaction on dyspnoea (all p < 0.05), indicating that dyspnoea increased as a function of V̇E to a greater extent in females than in males. However, after adjusting for age and total lung capacity, there were no significant associations between airway-to-lung ratio and measures of exertional dyspnoea, regardless of sex (all r < 0.34; all p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that sex differences in airway size do not contribute to sex differences in exertional dyspnoea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Molgat-Seon
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Health, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Mathieu A T Sawatzky
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Health, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Paolo B Dominelli
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2 L3G1, Canada
| | - Miranda Kirby
- Department of PhysicsToronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5 B2K3, Canada
| | - Jordan A Guenette
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Physical TherapyThe University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Department of MedicineMcGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Wan C Tan
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - A William Sheel
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen HD. Effects of mixed heavy metals on obstructive lung function: findings from epidemiological and toxicogenomic data. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8663-8683. [PMID: 37700191 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms and associations of mixed heavy metals (lead, mercury, and cadmium) on obstructive lung function (OLF) in males and females remain unknown. Here, we evaluated the interaction between the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio and three common heavy metals in males and females (n = 6221). Molecular processes involved in OLF development caused by mixed heavy metals were also identified to corroborate the earlier findings. In both males and females, as well as across the entire population, we found that serum cadmium levels were inversely related to the FEV1/FVC ratio. Interactions between serum cadmium and lead, as well as cadmium and mercury, were observed in relation to the FEV1/FVC ratio. Additionally, we observed negative correlations between the FEV1/FVC ratio and mixed serum cadmium, lead, and mercury in both men and women as well as in the overall population. Seven genes were identified as contributing to the etiology of OLF and targeted by combined heavy metals in silico analysis (CYP1A1, CRP, CXCL8, HMOX1, IL6, NOS2, and TNF). The primary relationships between these genes were co-expression interactions. The significant transcription factors and miRNAs associated with OLF and a combination of the examined heavy metals were identified as NFKB2, hsa-miR-155-5p, and hsa-miR-203a-3p. The main biological processes involved in the emergence of OLF induced by mixed heavy metals were listed as inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, lung fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as cytokine activity, monooxygenase activity, oxidoreductase activity, and interleukin-8 production. Threshold estimations and miRNA sponge patterns for heavy metal exposure levels associated with OLF were evaluated for both males and females. This study found that cadmium plays the most important role in the mixture of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the pathogenesis of OLF. Future studies are required to verify our findings and uncover the molecular mechanisms of long-term exposure to a variety of heavy metals, especially cadmium, in other populations, including children, adolescents, and the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karmaus W, Kheirkhah Rahimabad P, Pham N, Mukherjee N, Chen S, Anthony TM, Arshad HS, Rathod A, Sultana N, Jones AD. Association of Metabolites, Nutrients, and Toxins in Maternal and Cord Serum with Asthma, IgE, SPT, FeNO, and Lung Function in Offspring. Metabolites 2023; 13:737. [PMID: 37367895 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of metabolites, nutrients, and toxins (MNTs) in sera at the end of pregnancy and of their association with offspring respiratory and allergic disorders is underexplored. Untargeted approaches detecting a variety of compounds, known and unknown, are limited. In this cohort study, we first aimed at discovering associations of MNTs in grandmaternal (F0) serum with asthma, immunoglobulin E, skin prick tests, exhaled nitric oxide, and lung function parameters in their parental (F1) offspring. Second, for replication, we tested the identified associations of MNTs with disorders in their grandchildren (F2-offspring) based on F2 cord serum. The statistical analyses were sex-stratified. Using liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry in F0, we detected signals for 2286 negative-ion lipids, 59 positive-ion lipids, and 6331 polar MNTs. Nine MNTs (one unknown MNT) discovered in F0-F1 and replicated in F2 showed higher risks of respiratory/allergic outcomes. Twelve MNTs (four unknowns) constituted a potential protection in F1 and F2. We recognized MNTs not yet considered candidates for respiratory/allergic outcomes: a phthalate plasticizer, an antihistamine, a bile acid metabolite, tryptophan metabolites, a hemiterpenoid glycoside, triacylglycerols, hypoxanthine, and polyphenol syringic acid. The findings suggest that MNTs are aspirants for clinical trials to prevent adverse respiratory/allergic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Parnian Kheirkhah Rahimabad
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Ngan Pham
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Nandini Mukherjee
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA
| | - Thilani M Anthony
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Hasan S Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
| | - Aniruddha Rathod
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nahid Sultana
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - A Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng B, Vivaldi G, Daines L, Leavy OC, Richardson M, Elneima O, McAuley HJ, Shikotra A, Singapuri A, Sereno M, Saunders RM, Harris VC, Houchen-Wolloff L, Greening NJ, Pfeffer PE, Hurst JR, Brown JS, Shankar-Hari M, Echevarria C, De Soyza A, Harrison EM, Docherty AB, Lone N, Quint JK, Chalmers JD, Ho LP, Horsley A, Marks M, Poinasamy K, Raman B, Heaney LG, Wain LV, Evans RA, Brightling CE, Martineau A, Sheikh A. Determinants of recovery from post-COVID-19 dyspnoea: analysis of UK prospective cohorts of hospitalised COVID-19 patients and community-based controls. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2023; 29:100635. [PMID: 37261214 PMCID: PMC10145209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The risk factors for recovery from COVID-19 dyspnoea are poorly understood. We investigated determinants of recovery from dyspnoea in adults with COVID-19 and compared these to determinants of recovery from non-COVID-19 dyspnoea. Methods We used data from two prospective cohort studies: PHOSP-COVID (patients hospitalised between March 2020 and April 2021 with COVID-19) and COVIDENCE UK (community cohort studied over the same time period). PHOSP-COVID data were collected during hospitalisation and at 5-month and 1-year follow-up visits. COVIDENCE UK data were obtained through baseline and monthly online questionnaires. Dyspnoea was measured in both cohorts with the Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify determinants associated with a reduction in dyspnoea between 5-month and 1-year follow-up. Findings We included 990 PHOSP-COVID and 3309 COVIDENCE UK participants. We observed higher odds of improvement between 5-month and 1-year follow-up among PHOSP-COVID participants who were younger (odds ratio 1.02 per year, 95% CI 1.01-1.03), male (1.54, 1.16-2.04), neither obese nor severely obese (1.82, 1.06-3.13 and 4.19, 2.14-8.19, respectively), had no pre-existing anxiety or depression (1.56, 1.09-2.22) or cardiovascular disease (1.33, 1.00-1.79), and shorter hospital admission (1.01 per day, 1.00-1.02). Similar associations were found in those recovering from non-COVID-19 dyspnoea, excluding age (and length of hospital admission). Interpretation Factors associated with dyspnoea recovery at 1-year post-discharge among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were similar to those among community controls without COVID-19. Funding PHOSP-COVID is supported by a grant from the MRC-UK Research and Innovation and the Department of Health and Social Care through the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) rapid response panel to tackle COVID-19. The views expressed in the publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the National Health Service (NHS), the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.COVIDENCE UK is supported by the UK Research and Innovation, the National Institute for Health Research, and Barts Charity. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bang Zheng
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giulia Vivaldi
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Luke Daines
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olivia C. Leavy
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Matthew Richardson
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Omer Elneima
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Hamish J.C. McAuley
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Aarti Shikotra
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Amisha Singapuri
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Marco Sereno
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ruth M. Saunders
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Victoria C. Harris
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Linzy Houchen-Wolloff
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Therapy Department, University Hospitals of Leicester, NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Neil J. Greening
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul E. Pfeffer
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John R. Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carlos Echevarria
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Ewen M. Harrison
- Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annemarie B. Docherty
- Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nazir Lone
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - James D. Chalmers
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Ling-Pei Ho
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex Horsley
- Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Marks
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Betty Raman
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Liam G. Heaney
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Louise V. Wain
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rachael A. Evans
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher E. Brightling
- The Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Adrian Martineau
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Björsell T, Sundh J, Lange A, Ahlm C, Forsell MNE, Tevell S, Blomberg A, Edin A, Normark J, Cajander S. Risk factors for impaired respiratory function post COVID-19: A prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients. J Intern Med 2023; 293:600-614. [PMID: 36815689 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe COVID-19 increases the risk for long-term respiratory impairment, but data after mild COVID-19 are scarce. Our aims were to determine risk factors for reduced respiratory function 3-6 months after COVID-19 infection and to investigate if reduced respiratory function would relate to impairment of exercise performance and breathlessness. METHODS Patients with COVID-19 were enrolled at the University Hospitals of Umeå and Örebro, and Karlstad Central Hospital, Sweden. Disease severity was defined as mild (nonhospitalized), moderate (hospitalized with or without oxygen treatment), and severe (intensive care). Spirometry, including diffusion capacity (DLCO ), was performed 3-6 months after hospital discharge or study enrollment (for nonhospitalized patients). Breathlessness (defined as ≥1 according to the modified Medical Research Council scale) and functional exercise capacity (1-min sit-to-stand test; 1-MSTST) were assessed. RESULTS Between April 2020 and May 2021, 337 patients were enrolled in the study. Forced vital capacity and DLCO were significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19. Among hospitalized patients, 20% had reduced DLCO , versus 4% in nonhospitalized. Breathlessness was found in 40.6% of the participants and was associated with impaired DLCO . A pathological desaturation or heart rate response was observed in 17% of participants during the 1-MSTST. However, this response was not associated with reduced DLCO . CONCLUSION Reduced DLCO was the major respiratory impairment 3-6 months following COVID-19, with hospitalization as the most important risk factor. The lack of association between impaired DLCO and pathological physiological responses to exertion suggests that these physiological responses are not primarily related to decreased lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tove Björsell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Josefin Sundh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Lange
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Staffan Tevell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alicia Edin
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Normark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sara Cajander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Y, Ampon MR, Abramson MJ, James AL, Maguire GP, Wood-Baker R, Johns DP, Marks GB, Reddel HK, Toelle BG. Risk factors and clinical characteristics of breathlessness in Australian adults: Data from the BOLD Australia study. Chron Respir Dis 2023; 20:14799731231221820. [PMID: 38126966 DOI: 10.1177/14799731231221820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breathlessness is a common symptom related to a significant health burden. However, the association of breathlessness with clinical characteristics, especially objective pulmonary test results is scarce. We aimed to identify the characteristics independently associated with breathlessness in Australian adults. METHOD The analysis used data from BOLD Australia, a cross-sectional study that included randomly selected adults aged ≥40 years from six sites in Australia. Clinical characteristics and spirometry results were compared for breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council [mMRC] grade ≥2). RESULTS Among all respondents (n = 3321), 252 participants (7.6%) reported breathlessness. The main univariate associations were obesity, chronic respiratory diseases, heart diseases and being Indigenous Australians (odds ratios [ORs] = 2.78, 5.20, 3.77 and 4.38, respectively). Participants with breathlessness had lower pre-and post-bronchodilator lung function than those without. Impaired spirometry results including FVC or FEV1 below 80% predicted, or FEV1/FVC < LLN were independently associated with breathlessness (adjusted ORs = 2.66, 2.94 and 2.34, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Breathlessness is common among Australian adults and is independently associated with obesity, chronic respiratory diseases, heart diseases, being Indigenous Australians, and impaired spirometry. Multi-disciplinary assessment and comprehensive investigation is needed in clinical practice to address the many factors associated with breathlessness in the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zhou
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria R Ampon
- Australian Centre for Airways Disease Monitoring, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Richard Wood-Baker
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - David P Johns
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen K Reddel
- Australian Centre for Airways Disease Monitoring, The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brett G Toelle
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ruhighira JJ, Mashili FL, Tungu AM, Mamuya S. Spirometry profiles among pregnant and non-pregnant African women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:483. [PMID: 36461083 PMCID: PMC9716166 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirometry is a commonly used lung function test. It assesses respiratory functions by measuring the air volume and the rate at which a person can exhale from lungs filled to their total capacity. The most helpful spirometry parameters are: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Pregnancy derives an altered physiological state due to hormonal and anatomical changes that affect the respiratory system. Despite that, spirometry is less commonly done during pregnancy, and if done, test results are evaluated against non-pregnancy references. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore spirometry profiles in pregnant and non-pregnant women and describe their differences. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study involved age-matched pregnant and non-pregnant participants recruited from Mnazi Moja ANC and Muhimbili University (MUHAS). A digital spirometer was used to assess respiratory function. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The mean spirometry values of pregnant participants were compared to those of non-pregnant participants using an independent sample t-test. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The study included 92 pregnant and 98 non-pregnant participants subjected to spirometry. Both FVC and FEV1 values were significantly lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant participants (2.7 ± 0.5 L vs. 2.9 ± 0.5 L; p < 0.01 and 2.2 ± 0.4 L vs. 2.5 ± 0.4 L; p < 0.01 respectively). In addition, pregnant participants had significantly lower mean PEF values than their non-pregnant counterparts (303 ± 84 L/min versus 353 ± 64 L/min; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Spirometry test values are lower in pregnancy than in non-pregnant participants. RECOMMENDATIONS Interpreting the spirometry test values of pregnant women using references obtained from non-pregnant women may be inappropriate. Future studies should evaluate the appropriateness of predicting spirometry values of pregnant women using reference equations derived from non-pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacktan Josephat Ruhighira
- grid.442459.a0000 0001 1998 2954Department of Physiology, University of Dodoma, P. O Box 395, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Fredirick L. Mashili
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Alexander Mtemi Tungu
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Simon Mamuya
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ekström M. Obesity is a major contributing cause of breathlessness in the population. Respirology 2022; 28:303-304. [PMID: 36437515 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zheng B, Daines L, Han Q, Hurst JR, Pfeffer P, Shankar-Hari M, Elneima O, Walker S, Brown JS, Siddiqui S, Quint JK, Brightling CE, Evans RA, Wain LV, Heaney LG, Sheikh A. Prevalence, risk factors and treatments for post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/166/220071. [PMID: 36323418 PMCID: PMC9724798 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0071-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent breathlessness >28 days after acute COVID-19 infection has been identified as a highly debilitating post-COVID symptom. However, the prevalence, risk factors, mechanisms and treatments for post-COVID breathlessness remain poorly understood. We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies published from 1 January 2020 to 1 November 2021 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021285733) and included 119 eligible papers. Random-effects meta-analysis of 42 872 patients with COVID-19 reported in 102 papers found an overall prevalence of post-COVID breathlessness of 26% (95% CI 23-29) when measuring the presence/absence of the symptom, and 41% (95% CI 34-48) when using Medical Research Council (MRC)/modified MRC dyspnoea scale. The pooled prevalence decreased significantly from 1-6 months to 7-12 months post-infection. Post-COVID breathlessness was more common in those with severe/critical acute infection, those who were hospitalised and females, and was less likely to be reported by patients in Asia than those in Europe or North America. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed (including deconditioning, restrictive/obstructive airflow limitation, systemic inflammation, impaired mental health), but the body of evidence remains inconclusive. Seven cohort studies and one randomised controlled trial suggested rehabilitation exercises may reduce post-COVID breathlessness. There is an urgent need for mechanistic research and development of interventions for the prevention and treatment of post-COVID breathlessness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bang Zheng
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luke Daines
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qing Han
- Dept of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John R. Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Pfeffer
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK,Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Manu Shankar-Hari
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Omer Elneima
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Salman Siddiqui
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,Dept of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer K. Quint
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher E. Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rachael A. Evans
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise V. Wain
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK,Dept of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Liam G. Heaney
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Corresponding author: Aziz Sheikh ()
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stavem K, Schirmer H, Gulsvik A. Respiratory symptoms and cardiovascular causes of deaths: A population-based study with 45 years of follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276560. [PMID: 36264870 PMCID: PMC9584444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the association between respiratory symptoms and death from cardiovascular (CV) diseases during 45 years in a pooled sample of four cohorts of random samples of the Norwegian population with 95,704 participants. Respiratory symptoms were assessed using a modification of the MRC questionnaire on chronic bronchitis. We analyzed the association between respiratory symptoms and specific cardiovascular deaths by using Cox regression analysis with age as the time variable, accounting for cluster-specific random effects using shared frailty for study cohort. Hazard ratios (HR) for death were adjusted for sex, highest attained education, smoking habits, occupational air pollution, and birth cohort. Overall, 12,491 (13%) of participants died from CV diseases: 4,123 (33%) acute myocardial infarction, 2,326 (18%) other ischemic heart disease, 2,246 (18%) other heart diseases, 2,553 (20%) cerebrovascular diseases, and 1,120 (9%) other vascular diseases. The adjusted HR (95% confidence interval) for CV deaths was 1.9 (1.7–2.1) in men and 1.5 (1.2–1.9) in women for “yes” to the question “Are you breathless when you walk on level ground at an ordinary pace?”. The same item response showed an adjusted HR for death from acute myocardial infarction of 1.8 (1.5–2.1), other ischemic heart disease 2.2 (1.8–2.7), other heart diseases 1.5 (1.1–1.9), cerebrovascular disease 1.8 (1.5–2.3), and other circulatory diseases 1.7 (1.2–2.4). The adjusted HR for CV death was 1.3 (1.2–1.4) when answering positive to the question” Are you more breathless than people of your own age when walking uphill?”. However, positive answers to questions on cough, phlegm, wheezing and attacks of breathlessness were after adjustments not associated with early CV deaths. The associations between CV deaths and breathlessness were also present in never smokers. Self-reported breathlessness was associated with CV deaths and could be an early marker of CV deaths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Knut Stavem
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Henrik Schirmer
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ieko Y, Kadoya N, Sugai Y, Mouri S, Umeda M, Tanaka S, Kanai T, Ichiji K, Yamamoto T, Ariga H, Jingu K. Assessment of a computed tomography-based radiomics approach for assessing lung function in lung cancer patients. Phys Med 2022; 101:28-35. [PMID: 35872396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to assess radiomics approaches for estimating three pulmonary function test (PFT) results (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC [FEV1/FVC]) using data extracted from chest computed tomography (CT) images. METHODS This retrospective study included 85 lung cancer patients (mean age, 75 years ±8; 69 men) who underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy between 2012 and 2020. Their pretreatment chest breath-hold CT and PFT data before radiotherapy were obtained. A total of 107 radiomics features (Shape: 14, Intensity: 18, Texture: 75) were extracted using two methods: extraction of the lung tissue (<-250 HU) (APPROACH 1), and extraction of small blood vessels and lung tissue (APPROACH 2). The PFT results were estimated using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were determined for all PFT results, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for FEV1/FVC (<70 %). Finally, we compared our approaches with the conventional formula (Conventional). RESULTS For the estimated FEV1/FVC, the Pearson's r were 0.21 (P =.06), 0.69 (P <.01), and 0.73 (P <.01) for Conventional, APPROACH 1, and APPROACH 2, respectively; the AUCs for FEV1/FVC (<70 %) were 0.67 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.55, 0.79), 0.82 (CI: 0.72, 0.91; P =.047) and 0.86 (CI: 0.78, 0.94; P =.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The radiomics approach performed better than the conventional equation and may be useful for assessing lung function based on CT images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Ieko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kadoya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yuto Sugai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shiina Mouri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mariko Umeda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kei Ichiji
- Department of Radiological Imaging and Informatics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaya Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisanori Ariga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Keiichi Jingu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sakic A, Ekström M, Sharma S, Nilsson PM. Can birth weight predict offspring's lung function in adult age? Evidence from two Swedish birth cohorts. Respir Res 2022; 23:348. [PMID: 36522741 PMCID: PMC9753232 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between birth weight (BW) and adult lung function have been inconsistent and limited to early adulthood. We aimed to study this association in two population-based cohorts and explore if BW, adjusted for gestational age, predicts adult lung function. We also tested adult lung function impairment according to the mis-match hypothesis-small babies growing big as adults. METHODS We included 3495 individuals (aged 46.4 ± 5.4 years) from the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP), Sweden, born between 1921 and 1949, and 1401 young to middle-aged individuals (aged 28.6 ± 6.7 years) from the Malmo Offspring Study (MOS) with complete data on BW and gestational age. Adult lung function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] and the FEV1/FVC-ratio) were analysed as level of impairment (z-score), using multiple linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS BW (z-score) did not predict adult lung function in MPP, whereas BW was a significant (p = 0.003) predictor of FEV1 following full adjustment in MOS. For every additional unit increase in BW, children were 0.77 (95% CI 0.65-0.92) times less likely to have impaired adult lung function (FEV1). Moreover, adults born with lower BW (< 3510 g) showed improved lung function (FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in MOS and MPP, respectively) if they achieved higher adult body weight. CONCLUSIONS Adults born with lower birth weight, adjusted for gestational age, are more likely to have impaired lung function, seen in a younger birth cohort. Postnatal growth pattern may, however, compensate for low birth weight and contribute to better adult lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sakic
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shantanu Sharma
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden ,grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Clinical Sciences, and Department of Internal Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 15, 5th floor, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cristea L, Olsson M, Currow D, Johnson M, Sandberg J, Ekström M. Breathlessness dimensions association with physical and mental quality of life: the population based VASCOL study of elderly men. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 8:8/1/e000990. [PMID: 34740943 PMCID: PMC8573661 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breathlessness is a multidimensional symptom prevalent in elderly affecting many aspects of life. We aimed to determine how different dimensions of breathlessness are associated with physical and mental quality of life (QoL) in elderly men. Methods This was a cross-sectional, population-based analysis of 672 men aged 73 years in a Swedish county. Breathlessness was assessed using Dyspnoea-12 (D-12) and Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP), and QoL using the Short Form 12 physical and mental scores. Scores were compared as z-scores across scales and analysed using multivariable linear regression, adjusted for smoking, body mass index and the presence of respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Results Worse breathlessness was related to worse physical and mental QoL across all the D-12 and MDP dimension scores. Physical QoL was most strongly associated with perceptional breathlessness scores, D-12 total and physical scores (95% CI −0.45 to −0.30). Mental QoL was more strongly influenced by affective responses, MDP emotional response score (95% CI −0.61 to −0.48). Head-to-head comparison of the instruments confirmed that D-12 total and physical scores most influenced physical QoL, while mental QoL was mostly influenced by the emotional responses captured by the MDP. Conclusion Breathlessness dimensions and QoL measures are associated differently. Physical QoL was most closely associated with sensory and perceptual breathlessness dimensions, while emotional responses were most strongly associated with mental QoL in elderly men. D-12 and MDP contribute complimentary information, where affective and emotional responses may be related to function, deconditioning and QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cristea
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Max Olsson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Currow
- Faculty of Heath, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Miriam Johnson
- Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Jacob Sandberg
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sandberg J, Ekström M, Börjesson M, Bergström G, Rosengren A, Angerås O, Toren K. Underlying contributing conditions to breathlessness among middle-aged individuals in the general population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 7:7/1/e000643. [PMID: 32978243 PMCID: PMC7520902 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breathlessness is common in the general population and associated with poorer health. Prevalence, frequencies and overlap of underlying contributing conditions among individuals reporting breathlessness in the general population is unclear. The aim was to evaluate which conditions that were prevalent, overlapping and associated with breathlessness in a middle-aged general population. Method Cross-sectional analysis of individuals aged 50–65 years in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study pilot. Data from questionnaire, spirometry testing and fitness testing were used to identify underlying contributing conditions among participants reporting breathlessness (a modified Medical Research Scale (mMRC) score ≥1). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent associations with breathlessness. Results 1097 participants were included; mean age 57.5 years, 50% women and 9.8% (n=108) reported breathlessness (mMRC ≥1). Main underlying contributing conditions were respiratory disease (57%), anxiety or depression (52%), obesity (43%) and heart disease or chest pain (35%). At least one contributing condition was found in 99.6% of all participants reporting breathlessness, while two or more conditions were present in 66%. Conclusion In a middle-aged general population, the main underlying contributing conditions to breathlessness were respiratory disease, anxiety or depression, obesity and heart disease or chest pain with a high level of overlap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Sandberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Center for Health and Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Angerås
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kjell Toren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ekström M, Johannessen A, Abramson MJ, Benediktsdottir B, Franklin K, Gislason T, Gómez Real F, Holm M, Janson C, Jogi R, Lowe A, Malinovschi A, Martínez-Moratalla J, Oudin A, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Schlünssen V, Svanes C. Breathlessness across generations: results from the RHINESSA generation study. Thorax 2021; 77:172-177. [PMID: 34127557 PMCID: PMC8762033 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Breathlessness is a major cause of suffering and disability globally. The symptom relates to multiple factors including asthma and lung function, which are influenced by hereditary factors. No study has evaluated potential inheritance of breathlessness itself across generations. Methods We analysed the association between breathlessness in parents and their offspring in the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia generation study. Data on parents and offspring aged ≥18 years across 10 study centres in seven countries included demographics, self-reported breathlessness, asthma, depression, smoking, physical activity level, measured Body Mass Index and spirometry. Data were analysed using multivariable logistic regression accounting for clustering within centres and between siblings. Results A total of 1720 parents (mean age at assessment 36 years, 55% mothers) and 2476 offspring (mean 30 years, 55% daughters) were included. Breathlessness was reported by 809 (32.7%) parents and 363 (14.7%) offspring. Factors independently associated with breathlessness in parents and offspring included obesity, current smoking, asthma, depression, lower lung function and female sex. After adjusting for potential confounders, parents with breathlessness were more likely to have offspring with breathlessness, adjusted OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.9). The association was not modified by sex of the parent or offspring. Conclusion Parents with breathlessness were more likely to have children who developed breathlessness, after adjusting for asthma, lung function, obesity, smoking, depression and female sex in both generations. The hereditary components of breathlessness need to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bryndis Benediktsdottir
- Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karl Franklin
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Francisco Gómez Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jogi
- The Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Adrian Lowe
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jesús Martínez-Moratalla
- Servicio de Pneumologıa del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (CHUA), Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Albacete, Spain
| | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Poulos LM, Ampon RD, Currow DC, Marks GB, Toelle BG, Reddel HK. Prevalence and burden of breathlessness in Australian adults: The National Breathlessness Survey-a cross-sectional web-based population survey. Respirology 2021; 26:768-775. [PMID: 33971059 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Chronic respiratory symptoms (in particular, breathlessness and cough) can cause physical, social and emotional distress, and may indicate the presence of an underlying disease that presages future poor health outcomes. Our aim was to investigate the burden of breathlessness in Australian adults, including breathlessness that may be undiagnosed, unlabelled or untreated. METHODS The National Breathlessness Survey was a cross-sectional, web-based survey conducted in October 2019. Australian adults were randomly selected from a large web-based survey panel with recruitment stratified by age-group, gender and state of residence according to national population data. The main outcome measures were modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, EuroQol visual analog scale, Dyspnoea-12 score and 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). RESULTS Among all respondents (n = 10,072; 51.1% female; median age group 40-49 years), 9.5% reported clinically important breathlessness (mMRC dyspnoea grade ≥ 2, 2 = 'I walk slower than people of the same age on the level because of breathlessness or have to stop for breath when walking at my own pace on the level'). Among those with clinically important breathlessness, 49.1% rated their general health as fair or poor and 44.2% had at least moderate depression or anxiety symptoms (PHQ ≥ 6) but over half (50.8%) did not report a current respiratory or heart condition diagnosis. CONCLUSION Breathlessness is common among Australian adults, and is associated with a substantial burden of ill health, including among people without a diagnosed respiratory or heart condition. The extent of underdiagnosis of these conditions or alternative causes of breathlessness requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne M Poulos
- Australian Centre for Airways disease Monitoring (ACAM), the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosario D Ampon
- Australian Centre for Airways disease Monitoring (ACAM), the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David C Currow
- IMPACCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- Australian Centre for Airways disease Monitoring (ACAM), the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett G Toelle
- Australian Centre for Airways disease Monitoring (ACAM), the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen K Reddel
- Australian Centre for Airways disease Monitoring (ACAM), the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Archiza B, Leahy MG, Kipp S, Sheel AW. An integrative approach to the pulmonary physiology of exercise: when does biological sex matter? Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2377-2391. [PMID: 33903937 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Historically, many studies investigating the pulmonary physiology of exercise (and biomedical research in general) were performed exclusively or predominantly with male research participants. This has led to an incomplete understanding of the pulmonary response to exercise. More recently, important sex-based differences with respect to the human respiratory system have been identified. The purpose of this review is to summarize current findings related to sex-based differences in the pulmonary physiology of exercise. To that end, we will discuss how morphological sex-based differences of the respiratory system affect the respiratory response to exercise. Moreover, we will discuss sex-based differences of the physiological integrative responses to exercise, and how all these differences can influence the regulation of breathing. We end with a brief discussion of pregnancy and menopause and the accompanying ventilatory changes observed during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Archiza
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2553 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0B8, Canada.
| | - Michael G Leahy
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2553 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0B8, Canada
| | - Shalaya Kipp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2553 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0B8, Canada
| | - A William Sheel
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2553 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cherian M, Jensen D, Tan WC, Mursleen S, Goodall EC, Nadeau GA, Awan AM, Marciniuk DD, Walker BL, Aaron SD, O'Donnell DE, Chapman KR, Maltais F, Hernandez P, Sin DD, Benedetti A, Bourbeau J. Dyspnoea and symptom burden in mild-moderate COPD: the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease Study. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00960-2020. [PMID: 33898621 PMCID: PMC8053913 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00960-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies assessing dyspnoea and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have focussed on patients in clinical settings, not the general population. The aim of this analysis was to compare the prevalence and severity of dyspnoea and impaired HRQoL in individuals with and without COPD from the general population, focussing on mild–moderate COPD. Analysis of the 3-year Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) study included four subgroups: mild COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 1); moderate COPD (GOLD 2); non-COPD smokers; and non-COPD never-smokers. The primary outcome was dyspnoea (Medical Research Council (MRC) scale), and the secondary outcome was HRQoL (COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score; Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score). Subgroups were analysed by sex, physician-diagnosed COPD status and exacerbations. 1443 participants (mild COPD (n=397); moderate COPD (n=262(; smokers (n=449) and never-smokers (n=335)) were studied. People with mild COPD were more likely to report more severe dyspnoea (MRC 2 versus 1) than those without COPD (OR (95% CI) 1.42 (1.05–1.91)), and non-COPD never-smokers (OR (95%CI) 1.64 (1.07–2.52)). Among people with mild COPD, more severe dyspnoea was reported in women versus men (MRC2 versus 1; OR (95% CI) 3.70 (2.23–6.14)); people with, versus without, physician-diagnosed COPD (MRC2 versus 1; OR (95% CI) 3.27 (1.71–6.23)), and people with versus without recent exacerbations (MRC2 versus 1; ≥2 versus 0 exacerbations: OR (95% CI) 3.62 (1.02–12.86); MRC ≥3 versus 1; 1 versus 0 exacerbation: OR (95% CI): 9.24 (2.01–42.42)). Similar between-group differences were obtained for CAT and SGRQ scores. Careful assessment of dyspnoea and HRQoL could help identify individuals for earlier diagnosis and treatment. Individuals from a population-based study with mild COPD are more symptomatic than non-COPD peers. Worse dyspnoea and quality of life was reported by people with mild COPD who are female, or have a physician diagnosis of COPD or recent exacerbations.https://bit.ly/2XE2B6S
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Cherian
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dennis Jensen
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Dept of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wan C Tan
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Darcy D Marciniuk
- Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Brandie L Walker
- Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shawn D Aaron
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Denis E O'Donnell
- Dept of Medicine/Physiology, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth R Chapman
- Asthma and Airway Centre, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - François Maltais
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Hernandez
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Depts of Medicine and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sails J, Hull JH, Allen H, Darville L, Walsted ES, Price OJ. High prevalence of exercise-induced stridor during Parkrun: a cross-sectional field-based evaluation. BMJ Open Respir Res 2020; 7:7/1/e000618. [PMID: 32998911 PMCID: PMC7528425 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The differential diagnosis for exercise-associated breathlessness is broad, however, when a young athletic individual presents with respiratory symptoms, they are most often prescribed inhaler therapy for presumed exercise-induced asthma (EIA). The purpose of this study was therefore to use a novel sound-based approach to assessment to evaluate the prevalence of exertional respiratory symptoms and characterise abnormal breathing sounds in a large cohort of recreationally active individuals. METHODS Cross-sectional field-based evaluation of individuals completing Parkrun. PHASE 1: Prerace, clinical assessment and baseline spirometry were conducted. At peak exercise and immediately postrace, breathing was monitored continuously using a smartphone. Recordings were analysed retrospectively and coded for signs of the predominant respiratory noise. PHASE 2: A subpopulation that reported symptoms with at least one audible sign of respiratory dysfunction was randomly selected and invited to attend the laboratory on a separate occasion to undergo objective clinical workup to confirm or refute EIA. RESULTS Forty-eight participants (22.6%) had at least one audible sign of respiratory dysfunction; inspiratory stridor (9.9%), expiratory wheeze (3.3%), combined stridor+wheeze (3.3%), cough (6.1%). Over one-third of the cohort (38.2%) were classified as symptomatic. Ten individuals attended a follow-up appointment, however, only one had objective evidence of EIA. CONCLUSIONS The most common audible sign, detected in approximately 1 in 10 individuals, was inspiratory stridor, a characteristic feature of upper airway closure occurring during exercise. Further work is now required to further validate the precision and feasibility of this diagnostic approach in cohorts reporting exertional breathing difficulty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Sails
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - James H Hull
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health (ISEH), University College London, London, UK
| | - Hayden Allen
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Liam Darville
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Emil S Walsted
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oliver J Price
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK .,Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James', University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Johnson MJ, Nabb S, Booth S, Kanaan M. Openness Personality Trait Associated With Benefit From a Nonpharmacological Breathlessness Intervention in People With Intrathoracic Cancer: An Exploratory Analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2020; 59:1059-1066.e2. [PMID: 32006612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Breathlessness is common in people with lung cancer. Nonpharmacological breathlessness interventions reduce distress because of and increase mastery over breathlessness. OBJECTIVES Identify patient characteristics associated with response to breathlessness interventions. METHODS Exploratory secondary trial data analysis. Response defined as a one-point improvement in 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale of worst breathlessness/last 24 hours (response-worst) or a 0.5-point improvement in the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) mastery (response-mastery) at four weeks. Univariable regression explored relationships with plausible demographic, clinical, and psychological variables followed by multivariable regression for associated (P < 0.05) variables. RESULTS About 158 participants with intrathoracic cancer (mean age 69.4 [SD 9.35] years; 40% women) were randomized to one or three breathlessness training sessions. About 91 participants had evaluable data for response-worst and 107 for response-mastery. In the univariable analyses, the personality trait openness was associated with response-worst (odds ratio [OR] 1.99 [95% CI 1.08-3.67]; P = 0.028) and response-mastery (OR 1.84 [95% CI 1.04-3.23]; P = 0.035). Higher CRQ-fatigue (OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.41-0.91]; P = 0.015), CRQ-emotion (OR 0.68 [95% CI 0.47-0.96]; P = 0.030), and worse CRQ-mastery (OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.42-0.88]; P = 0.008), and the presence of metastases and fatigue were associated with reduced odds of response-mastery. In the adjusted response-mastery model, only openness remained (OR 1.73 [95% CI 0.95-3.15]; P = 0.072). CONCLUSION Worse baseline health, worse breathlessness mastery, but not severity, and openness were associated with a better odds of response. Breathlessness services must be easy to access, and patients should be encouraged and supported to attend.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam J Johnson
- Palliative Medicine, Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
| | - Samantha Nabb
- Student Wellbeing Learning and Welfare Support, University of Hull, Hull, UK; Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust, Willerby Hill, Hull, UK
| | - Sara Booth
- Cicely Saunders Institute, University of Cambridge, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mona Kanaan
- Department of Health Sciences, Applied Health Research (Statistics), University of York, York, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sandberg J, Ekström M. Differences between experienced and recalled breathlessness: a review. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2019; 13:161-166. [PMID: 31365460 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Experienced breathlessness and recalled breathlessness are two different entities, which may be associated with different factors and might have different impacts on function for the individual. The aim was to review the knowledge from the last 2 years concerning experienced breathlessness and recalled breathlessness and related factors. RECENT FINDINGS Experienced breathlessness was most often induced or measured during exercise testing in a lab environment using a modified Borg scale. It was associated with both psychological factors, such as social rejection, presence of others, psychosocial stress and prenatal exposure to stress, as well as physical factors, such as hypoxia and frequent exacerbations.Recalled breathlessness was most often measured in epidemiological studies, most commonly using the modified Medical Research Council scale. It was associated with lung volumes, overweight, exercise training, frailty, smoking, personality traits, behavior and marital and occupational status. SUMMARY No studies during the review period had directly compared experienced breathlessness and recalled breathlessness. Several factors were related to either experienced breathlessness or recalled breathlessness but no clear differences between factors were found in this review. There is a need for comparative studies using the same measurement methods and in the same settings in order to examine their relation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Sandberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ekström MP, Blomberg A, Bergström G, Brandberg J, Caidahl K, Engström G, Engvall J, Eriksson M, Gränsbo K, Hansen T, Jernberg T, Nilsson L, Nilsson U, Olin AC, Persson L, Rosengren A, Sandelin M, Sköld M, Sundström J, Swahn E, Söderberg S, Tanash HA, Torén K, Östgren CJ, Lindberg E. The association of body mass index, weight gain and central obesity with activity-related breathlessness: the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study. Thorax 2019; 74:958-964. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionBreathlessness is common in the population, especially in women and associated with adverse health outcomes. Obesity (body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2) is rapidly increasing globally and its impact on breathlessness is unclear.MethodsThis population-based study aimed primarily to evaluate the association of current BMI and self-reported change in BMI since age 20 with breathlessness (modified Research Council score ≥1) in the middle-aged population. Secondary aims were to evaluate factors that contribute to breathlessness in obesity, including the interaction with spirometric lung volume and sex.ResultsWe included 13 437 individuals; mean age 57.5 years; 52.5% women; mean BMI 26.8 (SD 4.3); mean BMI increase since age 20 was 5.0 kg/m2; and 1283 (9.6%) reported breathlessness. Obesity was strongly associated with increased breathlessness, OR 3.54 (95% CI, 3.03 to 4.13) independent of age, sex, smoking, airflow obstruction, exercise level and the presence of comorbidities. The association between BMI and breathlessness was modified by lung volume; the increase in breathlessness prevalence with higher BMI was steeper for individuals with lower forced vital capacity (FVC). The higher breathlessness prevalence in obese women than men (27.4% vs 12.5%; p<0.001) was related to their lower FVC. Irrespective of current BMI and confounders, individuals who had increased in BMI since age 20 had more breathlessness.ConclusionBreathlessness is independently associated with obesity and with weight gain in adult life, and the association is stronger for individuals with lower lung volumes.
Collapse
|
27
|
Opina MTD, Nicklas BJ, Lovato JF, Files DC, Kritchevsky SB, Moore WC. Association of Symptoms of Obstructive Lung Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adult Smokers. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:2116-2122. [PMID: 31250432 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the impact of respiratory symptoms in current and former smokers with and without obstructive lung disease (OLD) on all-cause mortality. DESIGN Secondary analysis in a prospective cohort (the Health, Aging and Body Composition study). SETTING Memphis, Tennessee, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS Black and white men and women with a history of current and former smoking (N = 596; 63% male and 37% female) aged 70-79 years followed for 13 years. Participants were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups based on symptom profile and forced expiratory volume in the 1st second to forced vital capacity ratio. The groups were Less Dyspnea-No OLD (N = 196), More Dyspnea-No OLD (N = 104), Less Dyspnea-With OLD (N = 162), and More Dyspnea-With OLD (N = 134). MEASUREMENTS All-cause mortality. RESULTS Overall, 53% in Less Dyspnea-No OLD, 63% in More Dyspnea-No OLD, 67% in Less Dyspnea-With OLD, and 84% in More Dyspnea-With OLD died within the 13- year follow up period (log-rank χ2 = 44.4, P < .0001). The hazard ratio was highest for participants with OLD, both with (HR =1.91, 95% CI 1.44 - 2.54; P < .0001) and without dyspnea (HR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.15 - 2.02; p = .004). Participants without OLD but with dyspnea had a similar risk of death to subjects who had OLD but fewer symptoms. CONCLUSIONS OLD is associated with high risk of death with different risk profiles based on symptom group. Patients with symptoms of shortness of breath without OLD should be considered an at-risk group given their similar mortality to those with OLD with minimal symptoms. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2116-2122, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Theresa D Opina
- Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - James F Lovato
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Daniel C Files
- Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Wendy C Moore
- Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Immunologic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Sticht Center on Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Increased prevalence of exercise-induced airway symptoms - A five-year follow-up from adolescence to young adulthood. Respir Med 2019; 154:76-81. [PMID: 31226623 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-induced airway symptoms are common in adolescents. Little is known about the development of symptoms from adolescence to early adulthood. Therefore, we studied the prevalence, incidence, and remission of exercise-induced airway symptoms (including wheeze, cough, chest and throat tightness, hoarseness, and stridor) in adolescents, over a five-year period. METHODS In 2011, all adolescents aged 12-13 years in Uppsala (n = 3 838) were invited to answer a questionnaire on exercise-induced airway symptoms. All responding adolescents (n = 2 309) were invited to answer the same questionnaire again after five years. In total, 1 002 adolescents responded (43.4%). RESULTS The prevalence of exercise-induced airway symptoms increased from 25% at baseline to 49% at follow-up (p < 0.001). More females than males reported symptoms at both time points. The incidence of airway symptoms was 42.2%, with no sex differences. More males than females reported symptom remission (20.2 vs. 10.7%, p < 0.001). Females reported a higher asthma prevalence at follow-up than at baseline (7.6 vs. 15.2%), while males did not (10.9 vs. 8.0%), leading to a sex difference in prevalence at follow-up (p < 0.001). Smoking and baseline respiratory symptoms were associated with an increased risk of reporting symptoms at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A twofold increase in the prevalence of exercise-induced airway symptoms over a five-year period was found in this cohort. Females were more likely to report symptoms at both time points. Knowledge of these age-related changes in symptoms and their association to female gender is useful for future studies and healthcare providers.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ekström M, Williams M, Johnson MJ, Huang C, Currow DC. Agreement Between Breathlessness Severity and Unpleasantness in People With Chronic Breathlessness: A Longitudinal Clinical Study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2019; 57:715-723.e5. [PMID: 30639756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic breathlessness is a cardinal symptom in cardiopulmonary disease where both overall intensity or severity (S) and unpleasantness (U) are commonly quantified. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate agreement between breathlessness severity and unpleasantness over eight days in patients with chronic breathlessness. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of 265 patients with chronic breathlessness who rated current overall breathlessness severity and unpleasantness on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) in the morning and evening over eight days. A total of 3630 paired overall severity-unpleasantness (S-U) differences were analyzed; median 15 (IQR 13-16) per patient. Agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman plots. Associations of the difference between severity and unpleasantness (S-U difference) with clinical factors and perceived quality of life were analyzed using multilevel linear regression adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Over eight days, severity and unpleasantness scores were highly correlated, had similar variability, and varied more between patients than within patients. The mean S-U difference was small at 2.1 mm. Agreement between overall severity and unpleasantness was similar or higher than expected from the variability in individual scores. The S-U difference was similar across evaluated factors including age, sex, diagnosis, morning/evening assessment, modified Medical Research Council breathlessness score, morphine treatment, and presence of different sensory qualities of breathlessness. Higher overall severity and unpleasantness associated with worse perceived quality of life in a similar way. CONCLUSION In patients with chronic breathlessness over eight days, overall severity and unpleasantness of breathlessness were comparable and associated to other clinical factors in a similar manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund, Sweden; ImPaCCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Marie Williams
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Miriam J Johnson
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, UK
| | - Chao Huang
- Hull York Medical School, Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research, University of Hull, UK
| | - David C Currow
- ImPaCCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Molgat-Seon Y, Ramsook AH, Peters CM, Schaeffer MR, Dominelli PB, Romer LM, Road JD, Guenette JA, Sheel AW. Manipulation of mechanical ventilatory constraint during moderate intensity exercise does not influence dyspnoea in healthy older men and women. J Physiol 2019; 597:1383-1399. [PMID: 30578651 DOI: 10.1113/jp277476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The perceived intensity of exertional breathlessness (i.e. dyspnoea) is higher in older women than in older men, possibly as a result of sex-differences in respiratory system morphology. During exercise at a given absolute intensity or minute ventilation, older women have a greater degree of mechanical ventilatory constraint (i.e. work of breathing and expiratory flow limitation) than their male counterparts, which may lead to a greater perceived intensity of dyspnoea. Using a single-blind randomized study design, we experimentally manipulated the magnitude of mechanical ventilatory constraint during moderate-intensity exercise at ventilatory threshold in healthy older men and women. We found that changes in the magnitude of mechanical ventilatory constraint within the physiological range had no effect on dyspnoea in healthy older adults. When older men and women perform moderate intensity exercise, mechanical ventilatory constraint does not contribute significantly to the sensation of dyspnoea. ABSTRACT We aimed to determine the effect of manipulating mechanical ventilatory constraint during submaximal exercise on dyspnoea in older men and women. Eighteen healthy subjects (aged 60-80 years; nine men and nine women) completed two days of testing. On day 1, subjects were assessed for pulmonary function and performed a maximal incremental cycle exercise test. On day 2, subjects performed three 6-min bouts of cycling at ventilatory threshold, in a single-blind randomized manner, while breathing: (i) normoxic helium-oxygen (HEL) to reduce the work of breathing (Wb ) and alleviate expiratory flow limitation (EFL); (ii) through an inspiratory resistance (RES) of ∼5 cmH2 O L-1 s-1 to increase Wb ; and (iii) ambient air as a control (CON). Oesophageal pressure, diaphragm electromyography, and sensory responses (category-ratio 10 Borg scale) were monitored throughout exercise. During the HEL condition, there was a significant decrease in Wb (men: -21 ± 6%, women: -17 ± 10%) relative to CON (both P < 0.01). Moreover, if EFL was present during CON (four men and five women), it was alleviated during HEL. Conversely, during the RES condition, Wb (men: 42 ± 19%, women: 50 ± 16%) significantly increased relative to CON (both P < 0.01). There was no main effect of sex on Wb (P = 0.59). Across conditions, women reported significantly higher dyspnoea intensity than men (2.9 ± 0.9 vs. 1.9 ± 0.8 Borg scale units, P < 0.05). Despite significant differences in the degree of mechanical ventilatory constraint between conditions, the intensity of dyspnoea was unaffected, independent of sex (P = 0.46). When older men and women perform moderate intensity exercise, mechanical ventilatory constraint does not contribute significantly to the sensation of dyspnoea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Molgat-Seon
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew H Ramsook
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Carli M Peters
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michele R Schaeffer
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paolo B Dominelli
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lee M Romer
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Jeremy D Road
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jordan A Guenette
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A William Sheel
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Molgat-Seon Y, Peters CM, Sheel AW. Sex-differences in the human respiratory system and their impact on resting pulmonary function and the integrative response to exercise. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
Ekström M, Bornefalk-Hermansson A, Wysham N, Currow DC, MacIntyre N. Spirometric Volumes and Breathlessness across Levels of Airflow Limitation: The COPDGene Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:678-681. [PMID: 29702011 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201803-0594le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Lund UniversityLund, Sweden.,University of Technology SydneyUltimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - David C Currow
- University of Technology SydneyUltimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Culver BH. Assessment of severity and prognosis in COPD: moving beyond percent of predicted. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:52/2/1801005. [PMID: 30072543 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01005-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce H Culver
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Füeßl HS. [Not Available]. MMW Fortschr Med 2018; 160:36. [PMID: 29557001 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-018-0286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
36
|
Ekström M, Sundh J, Schiöler L, Lindberg E, Rosengren A, Bergström G, Angerås O, Hedner J, Brandberg J, Bake B, Torén K. Absolute lung size and the sex difference in breathlessness in the general population. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190876. [PMID: 29304074 PMCID: PMC5755925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breathlessness is associated with major adverse health outcomes and is twice as common in women as men in the general population. We evaluated whether this is related to their lower absolute lung volumes. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) Pilot, including static spirometry and diffusing capacity (n = 1,013; 49% women). Breathlessness was measured using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and analyzed using ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, pack-years of smoking, body mass index, chronic airway limitation, asthma, chronic bronchitis, depression and anxiety in all models. Results Breathlessness was twice as common in women as in men; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.20 (95% confidence interval, 1.32−3.66). Lower absolute lung volumes were associated with increased breathlessness prevalence in both men and women. The sex difference in breathlessness was unchanged when adjusting for lung function in %predicted, but disappeared when controlling for absolute values of total lung capacity (OR 1.12; 0.59−2.15), inspiratory capacity (OR 1.26; 0.68−2.35), forced vital capacity (OR 0.84; 0.42−1.66), forced expiratory volume in one second (OR 0.70; 0.36−1.35) or lung diffusing capacity (OR 1.07; 0.58−1.97). Conclusion In the general population, the markedly higher prevalence of breathlessness in women is related to their smaller absolute lung volumes.
Collapse
Grants
- The main funding body of The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) was the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. The study was also funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council (VR), VINNOVA and the Swedish Council for Working Life, Health, and Welfare (FORTE). In addition, there was support from the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and grants from the Swedish state under the agreement concerning research and education of doctors in Western Sweden and from the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg. ME was supported by unrestricted grants from The Swedish Society of Medicine, the Swedish Respiratory Society, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the Scientific Committee of Blekinge County Council, and the Wera and Emil Cornell Foundation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Josefin Sundh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Linus Schiöler
- Section of Occupational and environmental medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory-, Allergy- and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annika Rosengren
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Angerås
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Hedner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Brandberg
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Bake
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kjell Torén
- Section of Occupational and environmental medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gagnat AA, Amaral AFS. Highlights from the European Respiratory Society 2017 annual congress: epidemiology and environment (assembly 6). J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S1554-S1556. [PMID: 29255640 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.11.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ane Aamli Gagnat
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - André F S Amaral
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Grønseth R, Erdal M, Tan WC, Obaseki DO, Amaral AFS, Gislason T, Juvekar SK, Koul PA, Studnicka M, Salvi S, Burney P, Buist AS, Vollmer WM, Johannessen A. Unemployment in chronic airflow obstruction around the world: results from the BOLD study. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/3/1700499. [PMID: 28931661 PMCID: PMC5898950 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00499-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to examine associations between chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) and unemployment across the world. Cross-sectional data from 26 sites in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study were used to analyse effects of CAO on unemployment. Odds ratios for unemployment in subjects aged 40–65 years were estimated using a multilevel mixed-effects generalised linear model with study site as random effect. Site-by-site heterogeneity was assessed using individual participant data meta-analyses. Out of 18 710 participants, 11.3% had CAO. The ratio of unemployed subjects with CAO divided by subjects without CAO showed large site discrepancies, although these were no longer significant after adjusting for age, sex, smoking and education. The site-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for unemployment was 1.79 (1.41–2.27) for CAO cases, decreasing to 1.43 (1.14–1.79) after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities and forced vital capacity. Of other covariates that were associated with unemployment, age and education were important risk factors in high-income sites (4.02 (3.53–4.57) and 3.86 (2.80–5.30), respectively), while female sex was important in low- to middle-income sites (3.23 (2.66–3.91)). In the global BOLD study, CAO was associated with increased levels of unemployment, even after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities and lung function. Chronic airflow obstruction increases risk of unemployment, and is a burden to welfare systems worldwidehttp://ow.ly/cxzv30cQ17A
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rune Grønseth
- Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marta Erdal
- Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway .,Dept of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Wan C Tan
- UBC James Hogg Research Centre, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Andre F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sanjay K Juvekar
- Vadu Health and Demographic Surveillance System, KEM Hospital Research Centre Pune, Pune, India
| | - Parvaiz A Koul
- Dept of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, SheriKashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Michael Studnicka
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sundeep Salvi
- Chest Research Foundation, Chest Research Foundation, Pune, India
| | - Peter Burney
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A Sonia Buist
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UHN67, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Dept of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Suissa S, Gonzalez AV, Shrier I. Sex, breathing and statistics. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:49/5/1700455. [PMID: 28546264 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00455-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Suissa
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada .,Dept of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne V Gonzalez
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ian Shrier
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|