1
|
Stjernbrandt A, Pettersson H, Vihlborg P, Wahlström J, Lewis C. Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration and neck pain in the Swedish general population. ERGONOMICS 2024; 67:136-147. [PMID: 37161844 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2210792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine if occupational exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) was associated with reporting neck pain. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of the general population living in northern Sweden, aged 24-76 years. Data was retrieved through a digital survey that collected subjectively reported information on exposure to WBV and biomechanical exposures as well as neck pain. The study included 5,017 participants (response rate 44%). Neck pain was reported by 269 men (11.8%) and 536 women (20.2%). There was a statistically significant association between reporting occupational exposure to WBV half the time or more (adjusted OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.22-3.00) and reporting neck pain. In gender-stratified analyses, the same pattern was observed in men, while there were too few women to determine any association. We conclude that occupational exposure to whole-body vibration was associated with neck pain in men.Practitioner summary: This cross-sectional, survey-based study investigated associations between self-reported occupational whole-body vibration and neck pain. It showed significant associations between frequent exposure to whole-body vibration and neck pain among men but not women. In occupational health care settings, whole-body vibration could be considered as a possible risk factor for neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albin Stjernbrandt
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hans Pettersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Vihlborg
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jens Wahlström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Lewis
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mendes Fernandes T, Méndez-Sánchez R, Puente-González AS, Martín-Vallejo FJ, Falla D, Vila-Chã C. A randomized controlled trial on the effects of "Global Postural Re-education" versus neck specific exercise on pain, disability, postural control, and neuromuscular features in women with chronic non-specific neck pain. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023; 59:42-53. [PMID: 36598342 PMCID: PMC10035445 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.22.07554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is associated with decreased health-related quality of life, decreased work productivity, and increased visits to health care providers. AIM The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of "Global Postural Re-education" (GPR) versus a neck specific exercise (SE) program on neck pain, disability, cervical range of movement, postural stability, and activity of the superficial cervical flexor muscles. DESIGN A parallel-group and single-blinded clinical trial. SETTING Community interventions. POPULATION Fifty women with non-specific chronic neck pain (NSCNP). METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups (GPR [N.=25] or SE [N.=25]). Both interventions consisted of eight sessions of ~40 minutes duration, performed twice a week, for four weeks. Outcomes included neck pain intensity and disability, cervical range of motion (CROM), postural sway, and activity of the superficial neck flexor muscles during a cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT). All outcomes were assessed twice before the intervention and immediately following eight treatment sessions over four weeks. RESULTS Both interventions were equally effective in reducing neck pain (P<0.001, ŋp2=0.770) and disability (P<0.001, ŋp2=0.306), improving neck mobility (P<0.001, 0.385≤ŋp2≤0.623, for all measurements) and decreasing the activity of the superficial cervical flexor muscles (P>0.001). Neither intervention altered postural sway. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that GPR and SE induced significant positive results in all measures apart from postural stability but with no difference between the interventions. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT "Global Postural Re-education" (GPR) and neck SE interventions are equally effective in reducing neck pain and disability, and improving neck mobility in women with NSCNP. Overall, this study indicates that GPR and SE interventions can be used to effectively manage patients with NSCNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Mendes Fernandes
- Centro EMA, Guarda, Portugal
- Department of Nursing and Physical Therapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Roberto Méndez-Sánchez
- Department of Nursing and Physical Therapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana S Puente-González
- Department of Nursing and Physical Therapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco J Martín-Vallejo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Deborah Falla
- Center of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Carolina Vila-Chã
- Sports Department, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal -
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Patel MR, Jacob KC, Parsons AW, Vanjani NN, Prabhu MC, Pawlowski H, Singh K. Impact of Gender on Postsurgical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. Int J Spine Surg 2022; 16:991-1000. [PMID: 36418177 PMCID: PMC9807048 DOI: 10.14444/8366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies associate male gender with higher complication rates following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), but none has investigated gender influence on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) following single-level ACDF. METHODS Patients undergoing primary, single-level ACDF were divided into female and male groups. Visual analog scale (VAS) neck/arm, Neck Disability Index (NDI), 12-item short form (SF-12) physical composite score (PCS), PROM information system physical function (PROMIS-PF), and veterans RAND 12-item (VR-12) health survey PCS were collected preoperatively and postoperatively. Simple linear regression analysis evaluated the predictive capability of gender on PROMs. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of gender on mean PROMs while accounting for insurance type. Established MCID values determined achievement rates across PROMs. χ 2 analysis compared MCID achievement by gender. RESULTS A total of 179 women and 134 men were included. Cohorts differed in insurance type, length of stay, and discharge day (P ≤ 0.017, all). Women improved in PROMs at all timepoints (P ≤ 0.049, all) except SF-12 PCS 6 weeks and PROMIS-PF 6 weeks. Men improved in PROMs at all timepoints (P ≤ 0.042) except VAS arm 2 years, SF-12 PCS 6 weeks and 2 years, PROMIS-PF 6 weeks, and VR-12 PCS 6 weeks. Women demonstrated higher SF-12 PCS (P = 0.043) and VR-12 PCS (P = 0.035) 2 years. Multiple regression determined that VAS neck and arm from 6 weeks to 6 months, NDI from preoperative to 6 months, SF-12 PCS and VR-12 PCS from preoperative to 12 weeks, and PROMIS-PF preoperative, 6 weeks, and 6 months were significantly affected by gender and insurance status (P ≤ 0.031, all). MCID achievement rate did not differ for any PROM between genders. CONCLUSION Women reported significantly higher long-term physical function health (SF-12 PCS and VR-12 PCS) compared with men, while disability and pain did not differ. Nevertheless, no significant differences in MCID achievement were observed for any PROM studied. Gender does not appear to play a significant role in clinically meaningful recovery following single-level ACDF. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gender has little value in prognostication for determining clinically meaningful recovery after single-level ACDF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhav R. Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin C. Jacob
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander W. Parsons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nisheka N. Vanjani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael C. Prabhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hanna Pawlowski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kern Singh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA, Dr. Kern Singh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison St, Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aboagye E, Lilje S, Bengtsson C, Peterson A, Persson U, Skillgate E. Manual therapy versus advice to stay active for nonspecific back and/or neck pain: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Chiropr Man Therap 2022; 30:27. [PMID: 35578230 PMCID: PMC9109382 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-022-00431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back and neck pain are the most common musculoskeletal disorders worldwide, and imply suffering and substantial societal costs, hence effective interventions are crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of manual therapy compared with advice to stay active for working age persons with nonspecific back and/or neck pain. METHODS The two interventions were: a maximum of 6 manual therapy sessions within 6 weeks, including spinal manipulation/mobilization, massage and stretching, performed by a naprapath (index group), respectively information from a physician on the importance to stay active and on how to cope with pain, according to evidence-based advice, at 2 occasions within 3 weeks (control group). A cost-effectiveness analysis with a societal perspective was performed alongside a randomized controlled trial including 409 persons followed for one year, in 2005. The outcomes were health-related Quality of Life (QoL) encoded from the SF-36 and pain intensity. Direct and indirect costs were calculated based on intervention and medication costs and sickness absence data. An incremental cost per health related QoL was calculated, and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS The difference in QoL gains was 0.007 (95% CI - 0.010 to 0.023) and the mean improvement in pain intensity was 0.6 (95% CI 0.068-1.065) in favor of manual therapy after one year. Concerning the QoL outcome, the differences in mean cost per person was estimated at - 437 EUR (95% CI - 1302 to 371) and for the pain outcome the difference was - 635 EUR (95% CI - 1587 to 246) in favor of manual therapy. The results indicate that manual therapy achieves better outcomes at lower costs compared with advice to stay active. The sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that manual therapy for nonspecific back and/or neck pain is slightly less costly and more beneficial than advice to stay active for this sample of working age persons. Since manual therapy treatment is at least as cost-effective as evidence-based advice from a physician, it may be recommended for neck and low back pain. Further health economic studies that may confirm those findings are warranted. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN56954776. Retrospectively registered 12 September 2006, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN56954776 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Aboagye
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Stina Lilje
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Health Promoting Science, Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Camilla Bengtsson
- Department of Health Promoting Science, Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Peterson
- Department of Health Promoting Science, Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Persson
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Health Promoting Science, Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jacob L, López-Sánchez GF, Oh H, Grabovac I, Stefanac S, Shin JI, Tully MA, López-Bueno R, Koyanagi A, Barnett Y, Haro JM, Smith L. Association between back and neck pain and workplace absenteeism in the USA: the role played by walking, standing, and sitting difficulties. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2022; 31:926-934. [PMID: 35034162 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-07084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a paucity of literature identifying factors that influence the back and neck pain (BNP)-workplace absenteeism relationship. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between BNP and workplace absenteeism and potential mediating variables in a large sample of the US population. METHODS Nationally representative data collected in 2019 from the RAND American Life Panel (ALP) were used for this retrospective study. Workplace absenteeism was defined as the number of days of absence in the past 12 months for health-related reasons (count variable), while BNP corresponded to the presence of back pain due to spinal stenosis, back pain due to other causes, or neck pain (dichotomous variable). Control variables included sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, education, occupation, annual family income, health insurance, obesity, and diabetes. There were eight influential variables (depression, anxiety, sleep disorder, alcohol dependence, opioid dependence, walking difficulty, standing difficulty, and sitting difficulty). The association between BNP and workplace absenteeism was analyzed using a negative binomial regression model. RESULTS There were 1,471 adults aged 22-83 years included in this study (52.9% of men; mean [standard deviation] age 44.5 [13.0] years). After adjusting for control variables, BNP was positively and significantly associated with workplace absenteeism (incidence rate ratio = 1.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.83). Walking, standing, and sitting difficulties individually explained between 24 and 43% of this association. CONCLUSIONS Workplace interventions focusing on the management of BNP and overcoming difficulties in walking, standing, and sitting, potentially utilizing exercise, therapy, and ergonomic interventions, may prevent absenteeism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Guillermo F López-Sánchez
- Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, School of Medicine, Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University-Cambridge Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90015, USA
| | - Igor Grabovac
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sinisa Stefanac
- Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Institute for Outcomes Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Melo Castro Deligne L, Rocha MCB, Malta DC, Naghavi M, de Azeredo Passos VM. The burden of neck pain in Brazil: estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:811. [PMID: 34548044 PMCID: PMC8456636 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study analyzed neck pain estimates in Brazil and its states between 2000 and 2019, in view of the country’s lacking epidemiological data. Methods An analysis was performed of the GBD 2019 estimates by location, sex, and age, per 100,000 population, with uncertainty intervals (95% UI). Brazilian estimates were compared to global, Mexican, English, and American rates. Results Global, Brazilian, and Mexican prevalence numbers were statistically homogeneous and stable in the period. Throughout the period analyzed in the study, Brazilian neck pain prevalence (2241.9; 95%UI 1770.5–2870.6) did not show statistical differences when compared to global (2696.5; 95%UI 2177.0–3375.2) or Mexican (1595.9; 95%UI 1258.9–2058.8) estimates. Estimates observed in the USA (5123.29; 95%UI 4268.35–6170.35) and England (4612.5; 95%UI 3668.8–5830.3) were significantly higher. In 2019, when compared to the USA and England, age-standardized prevalences were lower globally, in Brazil, and in Mexico. Prevalences in Brazilian states were similar, being that Roraima (1915.9; 95%UI 1506.5–2443.1) and the Federal District (1932.05; 95%UI 1515.1–2462.7) presented the lowest and highest values respectively. The exception was the state of São Paulo (3326.5; 95%UI 2609.6–4275.5). There was no statistical difference by sex, but the prevalence tended to increase with aging. In 2019, the Brazilian prevalence was 2478.6 (95% UI 1791.0–3503.8), 5017.2 (95%UI 3257.26–7483.8), and 4293.4 (95% UI 2898,8–6343.9), for those aged 15 to 49, 50 to 69, and 70+ years. There was no statistical difference among the YLDs in all locations and times. Conclusions Brazil is going through a fast-paced process of populational aging; a higher prevalence of neck pain in middle-aged individuals and the elderly highlights the need for lifelong prevention initiatives. The higher rates observed among higher-income populations and the homogeneity of the Brazilian estimates suggest a lack of robust epidemiological data in lower-income countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, Washington University, Seattle, USA
| | - Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Manickam PS, Roy S, Shetty GM. Biomechanical Evaluation of a Novel S-Type, Dynamic Zero-Profile Cage Design for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with Variations in Bone Graft Shape: A Finite Element Analysis. World Neurosurg 2021; 154:e199-e214. [PMID: 34246827 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variations in cage design, material, and graft shape can affect osteointegration and adjacent segment range of motion (ROM) and stress after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical properties of a novel dynamic cervical cage design in both titanium (Ti) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) with variations in bone graft shape using a single level ACDF (FE) model. METHODS A 3-dimensional C3-C6 FE model was developed using computed tomography scan data from a healthy male subject. The novel S-shaped dynamic interbody fusion cage with a zero-profile fixation was inserted at the C4-C5 level with 4 different bone graft shapes (square, circular, rectangular, and elliptical). Changes in segmental ROM and maximum von Mises stresses at the fusion and adjacent segments were analyzed. RESULTS Both Ti and PEEK cages showed decreased ROM at the fusion and adjacent levels for all shapes of bone graft when compared with the intact spine model. The elliptical graft, for both Ti and PEEK cages, showed a lower percentage of reduction in segmental ROM at the fusion and adjacent levels (0%-5.6%) when compared with other graft shapes (0%-12%). Maximum stresses at the fusion level were lowest in Ti cage with elliptical graft (229.8-347.6 MPa) when compared with other shapes (241.2-476.2 MPa) in flexion, extension, and lateral bending. For the bone graft, maximum stresses were highest on the elliptical-shaped bone graft in flexion and extension in the Ti cage, and in flexion and lateral bending in the PEEK cage. CONCLUSIONS Both Ti and PEEK cages showed decreased ROM at the fusion and adjacent levels for all shapes of bone graft when compared with the intact spine model. In the Ti and PEEK dynamic cages, the elliptical shape bone graft showed decreased stress on the cage and increased stress on the bone graft. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed to confirm these encouraging biomechanical results of this novel dynamic, zero-profile fusion device with elliptical bone graft in ACDF surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pechimuthu Susai Manickam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sandipan Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Gautam M Shetty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Knee & Orthopaedic Clinic, Mumbai, India; Department of Clinical Research, AIMD Research, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tudini FT, Myers BJ, Bohannon RW. Forward flexed posture: reliability and determinants of tragus-to-wall measurement. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 38:579-586. [PMID: 32466740 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1771801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Forward flexed posture is an impairment in body structure commonly seen among older adults and those with pathologies such as ankylosing spondylitis and osteoporosis. Accurate measurement of forward flexed posture is important as it is related to pain, mobility limitations, and falls. Our purpose was to examine the reliability and determinants of forward flexed posture as indicated by tragus-to-wall (TTW) distance. METHODS Twenty healthy younger and 20 healthy older adults were included in this secondary analysis of data from a neck strength study. Measurements included the linear distance of TTW standing naturally and with neck retraction, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and neck retraction strength. Measurements were performed initially by 2 investigators and by the primary investigator 1 week later. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (model 3,1) described relative reliability and Bland-Altman plots characterized absolute reliability. A mixed general linear model examined the determinants for TTW distance. RESULTS Good inter-rater (ICC = 0.811-0.878) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.853-0.862) were found in both positions. Bland-Altman plots showed that absolute limits of agreement ranged from - 1.9 to +3.8 cm for inter-rater reliability and -2.4 to +2.6 cm for test-retest reliability. Analysis of TTW determinants demonstrated significant differences between neck positions, dichotomous age groups, and BMI groups (p ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference based on neck strength. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that TTW distance, measured using a standardized procedure, is a reliable method of quantifying forward flexed posture. TTW distance is greater in relaxed standing, older individuals, and those with greater BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank T Tudini
- Physical Therapy, Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA
| | - Bradley J Myers
- Physical Therapy, Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA
| | - Richard W Bohannon
- Physical Therapy, Campbell University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oliv S, Gustafsson E, Baloch AN, Hagberg M, Sandén H. Important work demands for reducing sickness absence among workers with neck or upper back pain: a prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:529. [PMID: 31707977 PMCID: PMC6844038 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate what exposure to work demands, physical and psychosocial, is associated with lower levels of sickness absence among workers with neck or upper back pain in different groups, by age, gender, duration of sickness absence and work ability score. METHODS This study was a prospective study of 4567 workers with neck or upper back pain. Data on neck or upper back pain, work demand and work ability were obtained from the Swedish Work Environment survey over a 3-year period (2009-2013). Register data on sickness absence, 1 year after each survey was conducted, were obtained from the Swedish health insurance database. Analyses were performed to estimate the association between self-reported work demands and registered sick days > 14 days. The analyses were stratified for gender, age group and work ability score. RESULTS Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting low exposure to lifting ≥15 kg and twisted or forward-leaning work postures. Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting high work control and seated work. The associations were generally stronger in the older age groups for the physical work demands. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study suggest that certain physical work demands and having high control over one's work can result in lower sickness absence, especially among middle-aged and older workers with neck or upper back pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Oliv
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Ewa Gustafsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Adnan Noor Baloch
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mats Hagberg
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Helena Sandén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee SP, Hsu YT, Bair B, Toberman M, Chien LC. Gender and posture are significant risk factors to musculoskeletal symptoms during touchscreen tablet computer use. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:855-861. [PMID: 29950780 PMCID: PMC6016313 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the prevalence of neck and shoulder symptoms during the use of
tablet computer, and to identify the risk factors associated with these symptoms.
[Subjects and Methods] A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study tablet computer
usage, posture during use, and neck and shoulder symptoms in 412 participants in a school
setting. Significant risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms during tablet computer use
were identified. [Results] Overall prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms during tablet
computer use was 67.9% with greater prevalence of neck symptoms (neck: 84.6%;
shoulder/upper extremity: 65.4%). Significant risk factors associated with symptoms during
use were: current musculoskeletal symptoms, gender, roles, and postural factors including:
sitting without back support, sitting with device in lap, and lying on the side and on the
back during tablet computer use. A multivariate analysis further showed that the odds for
females to have symptoms were 2.059 times higher than males. [Conclusion] The findings
revealed that female gender and other postural factors were significantly associated with
musculoskeletal symptoms during the use of tablet computer. Among all postural factors,
sitting without back support was identified as the most important risk factor for having
musculoskeletal symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ping Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas: 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453029, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3029, USA
| | - Ya-Ting Hsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas: 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453029, Las Vegas, NV 89154-3029, USA.,HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Henderson, USA
| | | | | | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Strömbäck E, Aasa U, Gilenstam K, Berglund L. Prevalence and Consequences of Injuries in Powerlifting: A Cross-sectional Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2018; 6:2325967118771016. [PMID: 29785405 PMCID: PMC5954586 DOI: 10.1177/2325967118771016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Powerlifting consists of the squat, bench press, and dead lift, and extreme loads are lifted during training and competitions. Previous studies, which have defined an injury as an event that causes an interruption in training or competitions, have reported a relatively low frequency of powerlifting injuries (1.0-4.4 injuries/1000 hours of training). No previous study has investigated the prevalence of injuries, defined as a condition of pain or impairment of bodily function that affects powerlifters’ training, in a balanced sample of men and women, and no studies have established possible risk factors for an injury. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence, localization, and characterization of injuries among Swedish subelite classic powerlifters, with an emphasis on differences between men and women, and to investigate whether training and lifestyle factors are associated with an injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 53 female and 51 male Swedish subelite powerlifters answered an online questionnaire including questions about background characteristics, training habits, and lifestyle factors. The main part of the questionnaire included questions about injuries and their consequences. An injury was defined as a condition of pain or impairment of bodily function that affects powerlifters’ training. Results: Seventy percent (73/104) of participants were currently injured, and 87% (83/95) had experienced an injury within the past 12 months. The lumbopelvic region, shoulder, and hip were the most commonly injured areas for both sexes. Women experienced a significantly greater frequency of injuries in the neck and thoracic region than men. Injuries seemed to occur during training, although only 16% (11/70) of those currently injured had to completely refrain from training. Training frequency, greater personal best in the dead lift, injury onset during bench-press and dead-lift training, use of straps, alcohol consumption, and dietary issues were associated with current injuries. Conclusion: Injuries are very common in subelite powerlifters. Men and women report similar injury frequencies but different anatomic locations. These injuries do not prevent powerlifters from training and competing, but they may change the content of training sessions. Why powerlifters develop injuries is still unclear; however, it is likely that the management of training loads and optimization of the lifting technique during the squat, bench press, and dead lift are of importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edit Strömbäck
- Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Gilenstam
- Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Andenæs R, Momyr A, Brekke I. Reporting of pain by people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): comparative results from the HUNT3 population-based survey. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:181. [PMID: 29370850 PMCID: PMC5785865 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with chronic pain, but pain in COPD remains poorly understood, particularly in comparison to pain in other groups. We compared the pain reported by people with COPD with that reported by arthritis, heart disease, diabetes, and those not reporting any disease, while adjusting for the effects of selected sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, comorbidities, anxiety, and depression. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from a population-based health survey in Norway (HUNT3; n = 50,807), we included participants with COPD (n = 1199), participants without COPD, but with arthritis (n = 8582), heart disease (n = 4109), or diabetes (n = 1254), and participants without any disease (n = 18,811). Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to estimate the probability of reporting chronic pain and the level of pain intensity in the different groups adjusting for other relevant factors. RESULTS Approximately half (51.8%) of people with COPD reported chronic pain, which was a significantly higher rate than in the diabetes and non-disease groups, and similar to the heart disease group. People with arthritis had a chronic pain rate of 75.4%, which was higher than all other groups, including COPD. Analyses of pain intensity yielded similar findings, with the COPD group having higher pain intensity than the diabetes and non-disease groups, similar pain intensity as the heart disease group, and less pain intensity than the arthritis group. The likelihood of chronic pain and the intensity of pain were generally higher among women, people employed in occupations with low educational requirements, smokers, and those with comorbidity. Chronic pain rates and pain intensity increased with age and higher anxiety and depression scores, and were inversely related to physical activity. CONCLUSIONS People with COPD are at increased risk for chronic pain and higher pain intensity, second only to those with arthritis among the disease groups included in this study. The findings indicate a close relationship between pain and anxiety and depression. The relationships between pain and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking and exercise) suggest the need for efforts at the societal level to reduce inequality in health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Andenæs
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, PB 4 St.Olavs plass, N-0130, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Astrid Momyr
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, PB 4 St.Olavs plass, N-0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Idunn Brekke
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, PB 4 St.Olavs plass, N-0130, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Effects of Myofascial Release on Pressure Pain Thresholds in Patients With Neck Pain: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 97:16-22. [PMID: 28678033 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of myofascial release therapy (MRT) for improving pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and pain in patients with mechanical neck pain. DESIGN Forty-one participants with neck pain were randomly allocated to either a MRT group (five sessions) or a physical therapy (PT) group (ten sessions) for 2 wks. The multimodal PT program included ultrasound therapy (US), transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, and massage. Visual analog scale (VAS) and PPTs in suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles were measured at baseline, at the end of treatment, and at 1 month follow-up. RESULTS At the end of treatment, significant mean differences in VAS (-0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.82 to -0.16), in both left (0.28, 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.50) and right (0.40, 95% CI = 0.16 to 0.63) suboccipital PPTs and in the right trapezius PPT (0.38, 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.69) were observed. At 1-month follow-up, significant mean differences were found for VAS (-1.85, 95% CI = -2.76 to -0.94) and both left (0.46, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.80) and right (0.38, 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.69) suboccipital PPTs. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that MRT could be better than a multimodal PT program for short-term improvement of pain and PPTs in patients with neck pain.
Collapse
|
14
|
Oliv S, Noor A, Gustafsson E, Hagberg M. A Lower Level of Physically Demanding Work Is Associated with Excellent Work Ability in Men and Women with Neck Pain in Different Age Groups. Saf Health Work 2017; 8:356-363. [PMID: 29276634 PMCID: PMC5715480 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate which physical and psychosocial work demands were associated with excellent work ability in individuals with neck pain, and to investigate age and sex differences in these associations. METHODS The study sample was obtained from the Statistics Sweden cross-sectional Work Environment survey and consisted of workers who reported neck pain after work (N = 3,212). RESULTS The findings showed an association between excellent work ability and self-reported low exposure to lifting, twisted work posture, working with hands in shoulder level or higher, and leaning forward without support and combination of exposures containing these work demands. Low exposure to seated work and high demands showed a reversed association. The associations were present mainly among older workers and were generally stronger for men than for women. CONCLUSION This study indicates that a lower level of physically demanding work is an important element to maintain excellent work ability, especially for the older worker with neck pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Oliv
- Corresponding author. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Arbets och miljömedicin, Box 414, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineUniversity of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University HospitalArbets och miljömedicinBox 414Göteborg405 30Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ristolainen L, Kettunen JA, Kujala UM, Heinonen A, Schlenzka D. Progression of untreated mild thoracic Scheuermann's kyphosis - Radiographic and functional assessment after mean follow-up of 46 years. J Orthop Sci 2017; 22:652-657. [PMID: 28420562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no data available on the radiographic development of the Scheuermann's deformity. Our purpose was to investigate radiographic deformity progression and the relation between kyphosis progression and clinical outcome in patients with untreated Scheuermann's kyphosis. METHODS Thoracic kyphosis (Th4-Th12) was measured from standing lateral radiographs in 19 patients at baseline and after mean 46-year follow-up. Mean age at baseline was 19.2 and at follow-up 64.7 years. At follow-up, height, weight, hand grip strength, and hamstring tightness were measured, and sit-to-stand and walking tests were performed. Additionally general health and quality of life questionnaires were administered. RESULTS The mean thoracic kyphosis increased from 46° (range 25°-78°) at baseline to 60° (34°-82°) (p < 0.001) at follow-up. Mean of the vertebrae wedge increased from 8.8° to 9.9° (p = 0.046). There was no correlation between extent of kyphosis progression and function at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with Scheuermann's disease the degree of radiographic deformity progressed slightly during long-term follow-up. Progression did not predict symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leena Ristolainen
- Orton Orthopaedic Hospital and Orton Research Institute, Orton Foundation, Tenholantie 10, PL 29, 00281, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jyrki A Kettunen
- Arcada, University of Applied Sciences, Jan-Magnus Janssonin aukio 1, 00560, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Ari Heinonen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Dietrich Schlenzka
- Orton Orthopaedic Hospital and Orton Research Institute, Orton Foundation, Tenholantie 10, PL 29, 00281, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Øverås CK, Myhrvold BL, Røsok G, Magnesen E. Musculoskeletal diagnostic ultrasound imaging for thickness measurement of four principal muscles of the cervical spine -a reliability and agreement study. Chiropr Man Therap 2017; 25:2. [PMID: 28070269 PMCID: PMC5215195 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-016-0132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reliability of musculoskeletal diagnostic ultrasound imaging (MSK-DUSI) for the evaluation of neck musculature has been sparsely documented in the research literature. Until now, research has featured a limited number of subjects and only few studies have tested for both inter- and intra-reliability using appropriate methodology. METHODS Four examiners conducted an inter- and intra-rater reliability and agreement study. Fifty females with and without neck pain (NP) between the ages of 20-70 were recruited from October 2014 to April 2015. The muscles that were evaluated were the longus colli (Lcol), the rectus capitis posterior major (Rcpm), the deep cervical extensors (Dce) and the semispinalis capitis (Sscap). Each of the examiners captured ultrasound images of their allocated muscle and measured the thickness of that muscle twice, on separate occasions, for the first part of the intra-rater reliability study. For the second part, a second image of the same muscle was taken on the same subject and measured by the same examiner. The four examiners then met to measure on each other's images, to test inter-rater reliability. Their results were compared pair-wise using Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate for possible bias. RESULTS Inter-rater reliability was found to be good for Lcol and Sscap muscles and moderate towards poor for the deeper Rcpm and Dce muscles. Intra-rater reliability was good for all the muscles, with the exception of the Dce, which was found to be moderate in the second part of the study. The B&A plots showed good agreement, few outliers, and no bias. However, the agreement intervals indicated a measurement error within the variance of the method that may not have been acceptable for these small muscles if the aim is to evaluate change in thickness. CONCLUSIONS This study found that MSK-DUSI had variable reliability in assessing the thickness of the Lcol, Rcpm, Dce, and Sscap muscles. No bias was demonstrated, but agreement intervals were wide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Krage Øverås
- MSc Chiropractic, MSc Ultrasound (Musculoskeletal), NEMUS Trondheim, Fjordgata 80, 7010 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Birgitte Lawaetz Myhrvold
- MSc Health Sciences, Clinical Biomechanics, MSc Ultrasound (Musculoskeletal), NEMUS Ullevål, Sognsveien 75B, 0855 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Røsok
- DC, MSc Ultrasound (Musculoskeletal), Kiropraktorhuset Elverum, Storgata 7b, 2408 Elverum, Norway
| | - Eli Magnesen
- DC, MSc Ultrasound (Musculoskeletal), Kiropraktorklinikken Holmestrand, Havnegaten 23, 3080 Holmestrand, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pico-Espinosa OJ, Skillgate E, Tettamanti G, Lager A, Holm LW. Diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia as risk factors for frequent pain in the back, neck and/or shoulders/arms among adults in Stockholm 2006 to 2010 - Results from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort. Scand J Pain 2016; 15:1-7. [PMID: 28850330 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Frequent back, neck and/or shoulder pain (BNSP) are common conditions which pose high burden for the society. Results from previous studies suggest that diabetes and hyperlipidaemia may be associated with a higher risk of getting such conditions, but there is in general, few studies based on longitudinal designs. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the risk of developing frequent BNSP in men and women with and without diabetes and/or hyperlipidaemia. METHODS A longitudinal study based on the Stockholm Public Health Cohort was conducted based on subjects aged 45-84, who were free from pain at the mentioned sites in 2006 and followed up until 2010. The data in the current study is based on questionnaires, except socioeconomic status which was derived from Statistics Sweden. The exposure diabetes and hyperlipidaemia was self-reported and, a categorical variable was created; without any of the conditions, with hyperlipidaemia only, with diabetes only and with both conditions. The outcome frequent BNSP was defined using the following questions in the questionnaire in 2010: "During the past 6months, have you had pain in the neck or upper part of the back?", "During the past 6months, have you had pain in the lower back?", and "During the past 6months, have you had pain in the shoulders/arms?". All questions had three possible response options: no; yes, a couple of days per month or less often and; yes, a couple of days per week or more often. Those who reported weekly pain to at least one of these questions were considered to having frequent BNSP. Binomial regressions were run to calculate the crude and adjusted risk ratio (RR) in men and women separately. Additional analysis was performed in order to control for potential bias derived from individuals lost to follow-up. RESULTS A total of 10,044 subjects fulfilled the criteria to be included in the study. The mean age of the sample was 60years and evenly distributed by sex. After adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, high blood pressure and socioeconomic status, the RR for frequent BNSP among men with diabetes was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.23-2.18) and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.98-1.44) for hyperlipidaemia compared to men with neither diabetes nor hyperlipidaemia. Among women the corresponding RRs were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.60-1.14) and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.03-1.46). Having both diabetes and hyperlipidaemia at baseline was not associated with increased risk of frequent BNSP. Diabetes and hyperlipidaemia seems to be associated with an increased risk for frequent BNSP and the risk may differ between men and women. Behaviours and/or biological underlying mechanisms may explain the results. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia may have an impact on the pathophysiology of frequent BNSP and thus, contributes to the knowledge in musculoskeletal health. Furthermore, it confirms that men and women may differ in terms of risk factors for BNSP. IMPLICATIONS Health professionals should contemplate the results from this study when planning primary prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Naprapathögskolan - Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgio Tettamanti
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Lager
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena W Holm
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Feasibility of a Smartphone-Based Exercise Program for Office Workers With Neck Pain: An Individualized Approach Using a Self-Classification Algorithm. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 98:80-87. [PMID: 27693421 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of a newly developed smartphone-based exercise program with an embedded self-classification algorithm for office workers with neck pain, by examining its effect on the pain intensity, functional disability, quality of life, fear avoidance, and cervical range of motion (ROM). DESIGN Single-group, repeated-measures design. SETTING The laboratory and participants' home and work environments. PARTICIPANTS Offices workers with neck pain (N=23; mean age ± SD, 28.13±2.97y; 13 men). INTERVENTION Participants were classified as having 1 of 4 types of neck pain through a self-classification algorithm implemented as a smartphone application, and conducted corresponding exercise programs for 10 to 12min/d, 3d/wk, for 8 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The visual analog scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and cervical ROM were measured at baseline and postintervention. RESULTS The VAS (P<.001) and NDI score (P<.001) indicated significant improvements in pain intensity and functional disability. Quality of life showed significant improvements in the physical functioning (P=.007), bodily pain (P=.018), general health (P=.022), vitality (P=.046), and physical component scores (P=.002) of the SF-36. The FABQ, cervical ROM, and mental component score of the SF-36 showed no significant improvements. CONCLUSIONS The smartphone-based exercise program with an embedded self-classification algorithm improves the pain intensity and perceived physical health of office workers with neck pain, although not enough to affect their mental and emotional states.
Collapse
|
19
|
Depintor JDP, Bracher ESB, Cabral DMC, Eluf-Neto J. Prevalence of chronic spinal pain and identification of associated factors in a sample of the population of São Paulo, Brazil: cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2016; 134:375-384. [PMID: 27901240 PMCID: PMC10871843 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0091310516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Chronic spinal pain, especially low-back pain and neck pain, is a leading cause of years of life with disability. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic spinal pain among individuals aged 15 years or older and to identify the factors associated with it. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional epidemiological study on a sample of the population of the city of São Paulo. METHOD: Participants were selected using random probabilistic sampling and data were collected via face-to-face interviews. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), EuroQol-5D, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Fagerström test for nicotine dependence and Brazilian economic classification criteria were used. RESULTS: A total of 826 participants were interviewed. The estimated prevalence of chronic spinal pain was 22% (95% confidence interval, CI: 19.3-25.0%). The factors independently associated with chronic spinal pain were: female sex, age 30 years or older, schooling level of four years or less, symptoms compatible with anxiety and high physical exertion during the main occupation. Quality of life and self-rated health scores were significantly worse among individuals with chronic spinal pain. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of chronic spinal pain in this segment of the population of São Paulo was 22.0%. The factors independently associated with chronic pain were: female sex, age 30 years or older, low education, symptoms compatible with anxiety and physical exertion during the main occupation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Eluf-Neto
- MD, PhD. Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Palmlöf L, Holm LW, Alfredsson L, Magnusson C, Vingård E, Skillgate E. The impact of work related physical activity and leisure physical activity on the risk and prognosis of neck pain - a population based cohort study on workers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:219. [PMID: 27206535 PMCID: PMC4875718 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of physical activity on risk and prognosis for neck pain has been studied earlier with inconclusive results. There is a need for large prospective studies on the subject. The aim of this study was to investigate if work related physical activity and physical activity during leisure time are of importance for the risk and prognosis of neck pain in men and women. METHODS We used the Stockholm Public Health Cohort and formed two sub-cohorts of the working population based on data from 2002. Cohort I (risk cohort) included persons without neck pain (n = 4681), and cohort II (prognostic cohort) included persons with occasional neck pain (n = 6820) during the previous six months. Both cohorts were assessed for the outcome long duration troublesome neck pain (LDNP) in 2007. The exposures and potential confounders were assessed through a questionnaire in 2002. The question regarding work related physical activity over the past 12 months had five answering categories ranging from "sedentary" to"heavy". The question regarding leisure physical activity for the past 12 months had five answering categories ranging from "sedentary" to "regular physical activity". LDNP in 2007 was defined as having had troublesome neck pain lasting ≥ 3 consecutive months during the previous five years. Associations between work related physical activity and LDNP, as well as leisure physical activity and LDNP, were investigated by multivariable logistic regression, considering potential confounding factors. RESULTS In cohort I (risk cohort) we found an association between leisure physical activity and LDNP. In cohort II (prognostic cohort) we found no association between the exposures and the outcome. CONCLUSION The results suggest that leisure physical activity has a protective effect on the risk of developing LDNP in a population free from neck pain. It did not, however, affect the prognosis of occasional neck pain. Neither the risk nor the prognosis of neck pain was affected by work related physical activity in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Palmlöf
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena W Holm
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Magnusson
- The Institution of Public Health Sciences, Tomtebodavägen 18a, Widerströmska Huset, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Vingård
- Department of Medical Science, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Akademiska sjukhuset, Ulleråkersvägen 40, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Skillgate
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Naprapathögskolan - Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Kräftriket 23A, 11419, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prognostic factors for recurrences in neck pain patients up to 1 year after chiropractic care. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2015; 38:458-64. [PMID: 26385743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Information about recurrence and prognostic factors is important for patients and practitioners to set realistic expectations about the chances of full recovery and to reduce patient anxiety and uncertainty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess recurrence and prognostic factors for neck pain in a chiropractic patient population at 1 year from the start of the current episode. METHODS Within a prospective cohort study, 642 neck pain patients were recruited by chiropractors in Switzerland. After a course of chiropractic therapy, patients were followed up for 1 year regarding recurrence of neck pain. A logistic regression analysis was used to assess prognostic factors for recurrent neck pain. The independent variables age, pain medication usage, sex, work status, duration of complaint, previous episodes of neck pain and trauma onset, numerical rating scale, and Bournemouth questionnaire for neck pain were analyzed. Prognostic factors that have been identified in previous studies to influence recovery of neck pain are psychologic distress, poor general health at baseline, and a previous history of pain elsewhere. RESULTS Five hundred forty five patients (341 females), with a mean age of 42.1 years (SD, 13.1) completed the 1-year follow-up period. Fifty-four participants (11%) were identified as "recurrent." Prognostic factors associated with recurrent neck pain were previous episodes of neck pain and increasing age. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that recurrence of neck pain within 1 year after chiropractic intervention in Swiss chiropractic patients presenting from varied onsets is low. This study found preliminary findings that older age and a previous episode of neck may be useful predictors of neck pain recurrence within 1 year.
Collapse
|
22
|
Skillgate E, Bill AS, Côté P, Viklund P, Peterson A, Holm LW. The effect of massage therapy and/or exercise therapy on subacute or long-lasting neck pain--the Stockholm neck trial (STONE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:414. [PMID: 26377322 PMCID: PMC4573492 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is a major health problem in populations worldwide and an economic burden in modern societies due to its high prevalence and costs in terms of health care expenditures and lost productivity. Massage and exercise therapy are widely used management options for neck pain. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence regarding their effectiveness for subacute and long-lasting neck pain. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial aiming to determine the effect of massage and/or exercise therapy on subacute and long-lasting neck pain over the course of 1 year. METHODS/DESIGN A randomized controlled trial in which at least 600 study participants with subacute or long-lasting nonspecific neck pain will be recruited and randomly allocated to one of four treatment arms: massage therapy (A), exercise therapy (B), exercise therapy plus massage therapy (C) and advice to stay active (D). The study has an E-health approach, and study participants are being recruited through advertising with a mix of traditional and online marketing channels. Web-based self-report questionnaires measure the main outcomes at 7, 12, 26 and 52 weeks after inclusion. The primary outcomes are a clinically important improvement in pain intensity and pain-related disability at follow-up, measured with a modified version of the Chronic Pain Questionnaire (CPQ). The secondary outcomes are global improvement, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), sick leave, drug consumption and healthcare utilization. Adverse events are measured by questionnaires at return visits to the clinic, and automated text messages (SMSes) survey neck pain intensity and pain-related disability every week over one year. DISCUSSION The results of this study will provide clinicians and stakeholders much needed knowledge to plan medical care for subacute and long-lasting neck pain disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN01453590. Date of registration: 3 July 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Skillgate
- Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Naprapathögskolan, Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Kräftriket 23A, SE-11419, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anne-Sylvie Bill
- Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pierre Côté
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario, Institute of Technology, UOIT-CMCC Centre for Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Peter Viklund
- Naprapathögskolan, Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Kräftriket 23A, SE-11419, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anna Peterson
- Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lena W Holm
- Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gudavalli MR, Salsbury SA, Vining RD, Long CR, Corber L, Patwardhan AG, Goertz CM. Development of an attention-touch control for manual cervical distraction: a pilot randomized clinical trial for patients with neck pain. Trials 2015; 16:259. [PMID: 26044576 PMCID: PMC4460764 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0770-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Manual cervical distraction (MCD) is a traction-based therapy performed with a manual contact over the cervical region producing repeating cycles while patients lie prone. This study evaluated a traction force-based minimal intervention for use as an attention-touch control in clinical trials of MCD for patients with chronic neck pain. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods, pilot randomized clinical trial in adults with chronic neck pain. Participants were allocated to three traction force ranges of MCD: low force/minimal intervention (0-20 N), medium force (21-50 N), or high force (51-100 N). Clinicians delivered five treatments over two weeks consisting of three sets of five cycles of MCD at the C5 vertebra and occiput. Traction forces were measured at each treatment. Patient-reported outcomes included a pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), and adverse effects. A qualitative interview evaluated treatment group allocation perceptions. Results We randomized 48 participants, allocating an average of five each month. Forty-five participants completed the trial with three participants lost to follow-up. Most participants were women (65 %) and white (92 %) with a mean (SD) age of 46.8 (12.5) years. Mean traction force values were within the prescribed force ranges for each group at the C5 and occiput levels. Neck pain VAS demonstrated a benefit for high traction force MCD compared to the low force group [adjusted mean difference 15.6; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.6 to 29.7]. Participants in the medium traction force group demonstrated improvements in NDI compared to the low force group (adjusted mean difference 3.0; 95 % CI 0.1 to 5.9), as did participants in the high traction force group (adjusted mean difference 2.7; 95 % CI -0.1 to 5.6). CEQ favored the high force group. Most low force participants correctly identified their treatment allocation in the qualitative interview. No serious adverse events were documented. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of a clinical trial protocol and the utility of a traction-based, minimal intervention as an attention-touch control for future efficacy trials of MCD for patients with neck pain. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01765751 (Registration Date 30 May 2012)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ram Gudavalli
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| | - Stacie A Salsbury
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| | - Robert D Vining
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| | - Cynthia R Long
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| | - Lance Corber
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| | - Avinash G Patwardhan
- Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratory, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL and Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Christine M Goertz
- Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Palmer College of Chiropractic, 741 Brady Street, 52803, Davenport, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang JY, Guo H, Tang L, Meng J, Hu LY. Case-control study on regular Ba Duan Jin practice for patients with chronic neck pain. Int J Nurs Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
25
|
Aranha MFM, Müller CEE, Gavião MBD. Pain intensity and cervical range of motion in women with myofascial pain treated with acupuncture and electroacupuncture: a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Braz J Phys Ther 2014; 19:34-43. [PMID: 25714602 PMCID: PMC4351606 DOI: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture stimulates points on the body, influencing the perception of myofascial pain or altering physiologic functions. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture (EAC) and acupuncture (AC) for myofascial pain of the upper trapezius and cervical range of motion, using SHAM acupuncture as control. METHOD Sixty women presenting at least one trigger point at the upper trapezius and local or referred pain for more than six months were randomized into EAC, AC, and SHAM groups. Eight sessions were scheduled and a follow-up was conducted after 28 days. The Visual Analog Scale assessed the intensity of local and general pain. A fleximeter assessed cervical movements. Data were analyzed using paired t or Wilcoxon's tests, ANOVA or Friedman or Kruskal-Wallis tests and Pearson's correlation (α=0.05). RESULTS There was reduction in general pain in the EAC and AC groups after eight sessions (P<0.001). A significant decrease in pain intensity occurred for the right trapezius in all groups and for the left trapezius in the EAC and AC groups. Intergroup comparisons showed improvement in general pain in the EAC and AC groups and in local pain intensity in the EAC group (P<0.05), which showed an increase in left rotation (P=0.049). The AC group showed increases in inclination (P=0.005) sustained until follow-up and rotation to the right (P=0.032). CONCLUSION EAC and AC were effective in reducing the pain intensity compared with SHAM. EAC was better than AC for local pain relief. These treatments can assist in increasing cervical range of motion, albeit subtly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria F M Aranha
- Departamento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina E E Müller
- Departamento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria B D Gavião
- Departamento de Odontologia Infantil, FOP, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Paanalahti K, Holm LW, Magnusson C, Carroll L, Nordin M, Skillgate E. The sex-specific interrelationship between spinal pain and psychological distress across time in the general population. Results from the Stockholm Public Health Study. Spine J 2014; 14:1928-35. [PMID: 24262854 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Detailed knowledge about the interrelationship between neck pain, back pain, and psychological distress is important from a public health prospective, but missing because of lack of large population-based cohort studies. PURPOSE To assess and compare the sex-specific recovery rate of spinal pain and psychological distress as single and comorbid conditions, to describe the interrelationship between these conditions at the baseline (2002) and follow-up 5 years later, and to explore the questions of spinal pain as a risk factor for the onset of psychological distress and vice versa. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE General population in Stockholm county aged 18 to 84 years, n=19,774. OUTCOME MEASURES Spinal pain (modified Nordic Pain Questionnaire) and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire-12). METHODS A random sample of the population in Stockholm was approached with postal questionnaires at the baseline and at follow-up. RESULTS Comorbidity of spinal pain and distress was twice as common among women (11%) than among men (4%) (relative risk=2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1-2.7). Women also more commonly had spinal pain without psychological distress (women, 20%; men, 14%) and vice versa (women, 15%; men, 12%). Comorbidity makes recovery less probable (women, 26%; men, 27%) than having single conditions of spinal pain (women, 41%; men, 44%) or psychological distress (women, 49%; men, 52%). No statistical significant sex differences were seen. Twenty-four percent of the women and 17% of the men with spinal pain without psychological distress at the baseline had psychological distress at follow-up. Corresponding figures for spinal pain among participants with psychological distress without spinal pain at the baseline were 24% and 20%. Spinal pain was a determinant of psychological distress (odds ratio [OR]=2.6, 95% CI: 2.3-2.9) and vice versa (OR=2.0, 95% CI: 1.8-2.2). CONCLUSIONS Spinal pain and psychological distress as comorbid and single conditions are common in the general population, especially among women. Comorbidity affects recovery negatively both in men and women. This study confirms the bidirectional association between spinal pain and psychological distress in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Paanalahti
- Division of cardiovaskular epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Kräftriket 23A, SE-11419 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lena W Holm
- Division of cardiovaskular epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Magnusson
- Division of Public Health Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Norrbacka, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Carroll
- Alberta Centre for Injury Control and Research, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 4075 RTF, 8308 114 St, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Margareta Nordin
- Division of cardiovaskular epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Occupational and Industrial Orthopaedic Center (OIOC), NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York University Langone Medical Center, 63 Downing St, New York, NY 10014, USA
| | - Eva Skillgate
- Division of cardiovaskular epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Kräftriket 23A, SE-11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rasmussen-Barr E, Grooten WJA, Hallqvist J, Holm LW, Skillgate E. Are job strain and sleep disturbances prognostic factors for neck/shoulder/arm pain? A cohort study of a general population of working age in Sweden. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e005103. [PMID: 25005596 PMCID: PMC4091459 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study whether job strain, that is, psychological job demands and decision latitude, and sleep disturbances among persons with occasional neck/shoulder/arm pain (NSAP) are prognostic factors for having experienced at least one episode of troublesome NSAP, and to determine whether sleep disturbances modify the association between job strain and troublesome NSAP. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Stockholm, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS A population-based cohort of individuals with occasional NSAP (n=6979) who answered surveys in 2006 and 2010. OUTCOME MEASURES Report of at least one episode of troublesome NSAP in 2010. RESULTS The ORs for troublesome NSAP at follow-up were in individuals exposed to passive jobs 1.2 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.4); to active jobs 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5); to high strain 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.4); to mild sleep disturbances 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.6) and to severe sleep disturbances 2.2 (95% CI 1.6 to 3.0). High strain and active jobs were associated with having experienced at least one episode of troublesome NSAP during the previous 6 months in persons with sleep disturbances, but not in individuals without sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that high strain, active jobs and sleep disturbances are prognostic factors that should be taken into account when implementing preventive measures to minimise the risk of troublesome NSAP among people of working age. We suggest that sleep disturbances may modify the association between high strain and troublesome NSAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rasmussen-Barr
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Caring Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - W J A Grooten
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Caring Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - J Hallqvist
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L W Holm
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Skillgate
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Scandinavian College of Naprapathic Manual Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|