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Bulut F, Tetiker AT, Çelikkol A, Yılmaz A, Ballica B. Low Antioxidant Enzyme Levels and Oxidative Stress in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) Patients. J Voice 2023; 37:924-931. [PMID: 34253427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPR) is a characterized by symptoms different from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). LPR can causes chronic mucosal inflammation which may lead to an increase in cytokine production, and a systemic decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels. Our aim in this study is to evaluate antioxidant enzyme levels in patients with LPR. METHODS Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) questionnaire, extraesophageal symptom questionnaire which is included in RSI and Reflux Finding Score (RFS) evaluation with 70° rigid laryngoscope were performed to patients who applied to the otolaryngology clinic with a typical LPR complaint, and 60 patients who had an RSI score above 13 and an RFS score above 7 were included in the study. Thirty people consisting of healthy volunteers were included in the control group. Antioxidant enzyme SOD, GSH-Px and CAT levels were measured in the blood serum of the patients and compared with the control group. Results obtained from biochemical tests were expressed as mean ± SE. Descriptive statistical methods (mean ± standard error) were used for the independent t test for the control and study group. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In the LPR group, 28 (46%) were women, 32 (53%) were men, and age range was 21-60, average age was 36.45 ± 1.147.There was no significant difference between LPR and control group in terms of age, gender and Body Mass Index (BMI). In the LPR group, the lowest score for RSI was 14 and the highest score was 39. The average RSI was 23.67. RFS ranges from 8-22. The mean RFS was 13.50. A highly significant statistical correlation was observed between RSI and total RFS (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the antioxidant enzyme levels of the control group and the LPR group. Antioxidant enzyme levels of the control group were SOD 274.10 ± 26.836 U / L, GSH-Px 174.20 ± 20.699 µU / mL and CAT 42.2898 ± 20.699 KU / L. Antioxidant enzyme level results of the LPR group were SOD 147 ± 14.022 U / L (P < 0.01), GSH-Px 88.28 ± 9.113 µU / mL (P < 0.01) and CAT 12.67 ± 0.799 KU / L (P < 0.001). The RSI results ranges from 4 to 39 and the RFS from 8 to 22. Antioxidant enzyme levels demonstrated fairly consistent reliability with individual variables from both RFS and RFS. There was also a highly significant statistical correlation between RSI and RFS. CONCLUSION We found that the antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX and catalase enzyme levels were significantly lower in LPR patients. Treatment modalities to reduce oxidative stress (OS) in LPR should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Bulut
- Otorhinolaryngology, Private Çorlu REYAP Hospital, Istanbul Rumeli University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Aliye Çelikkol
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Ahsen Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Basak Ballica
- Bahcesehir University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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Valle MS, Russo C, Malaguarnera L. Protective role of vitamin D against oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2021; 37:e3447. [PMID: 33760363 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. There is much evidence showing that a high level of mitochondrial overproduction of reactive oxygen species in the diabetic retina contributes in modifying cellular signalling and leads to retinal cell damage and finally to the development of DR pathogenesis. In the last few decades, it has been reported that vitamin D is involved in DR pathogenesis. Vitamin D, traditionally known as an essential nutrient crucial in bone metabolism, has also been proven to be a very effective antioxidant. It has been demonstrated that it modulates the production of advanced glycosylated end products, as well as several pathways including protein kinase C, the polyol pathway leading to the reduction of free radical formation. It prevents the translocation of nuclear factor kappa B, preventing the inflammatory response, acting as an immunomodulator, and modulates autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D protects the eye from oxidative stress, in order to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementation may be useful to mitigate the deleterious effects of free radicals in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Valle
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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3
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Luo Z, Li T, Gao Q, Chen Y, Su G, Zhao Y. Impact of licochalcone A on the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus of C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:10676-10689. [PMID: 34605512 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01630j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common chronic microvascular complication of diabetes. Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively prevent and treat DN. Licochalcone A (LicA) is a flavonoid found in licorice; previous studies have shown that LicA can reduce blood glucose, blood lipids and improve insulin resistance. There has been no research on whether LicA can prevent and treat DN. In this study, an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice induced by high fat diet/streptozotocin was established, and the intervention of LicA was applied to investigate the protective effect of LicA on the kidneys of DN mice. After 4 weeks of intervention, LicA could effectively reduce blood glucose and alleviate the phenomenon of weight loss in mice. Meanwhile, the levels of MDA, SOD and GSH-Px in the kidney tissue and serum were recovered to different degrees. Besides, LicA decreased the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in the kidney tissue and increased the level of HDL-C in the kidney tissue. The 24 h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels of mice in the treatment group of LicA were significantly lower than those in the model group. Furthermore, HE staining, PAS staining and Masson staining indicated that LicA improved the pathological damage of kidneys, and the kidney index of mice also decreased. Western blotting results indicated that LicA could significantly down-regulate the protein expression of AGEs/RAGE, TGF-β1, HIF-1α and GLUT1, and up-regulate the protein expression of Nrf2. It provides a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of LicA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Luo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Guangyue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China. .,Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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4
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Niranjan MK, Koiri RK, Srivastava R. Expression of estrogen receptor alpha in response to stress and estrogen antagonist tamoxifen in the shell gland of Gallus gallus domesticus: involvement of anti-oxidant system and estrogen. Stress 2021; 24:261-272. [PMID: 31885314 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1710127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals are frequently exposed to various kinds of environmental stressors and estrogen is known to play important role in stress response besides its crucial role in regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolic activity and reproduction. The study investigates the estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen (TM), mediated estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression, to modulate stress induced parameters in chickens. The study further explores the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in brain, ovary and shell gland during water deprivation (WD) and tamoxifen administration in sexually mature chicken. WD and TM administration both decrease the plasma estradiol while WD increases corticosterone. WD also elevates MDA concentration in the brain, ovary and shell gland while TM lowers it. WD and TM administration lowers the specific activity of SOD in brain and shell gland. In contrast, WD increases the specific activity of catalase, GPx and GR in the brain and shell gland, while TM decreases it. It appears that endogenous estradiol plays a crucial role in expression of antioxidant enzymes and tamoxifen acts as an antioxidant by reducing the oxidative stress in chicken. Abundant expression of ERα has been observed in the shell gland of egg laying birds while stress like water deprivation and TM down-regulates its expression. Thus, it can be concluded that expression of ERα in shell gland plays a predominant role in mediating estrogen action in response to water deprivation stress and tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raj Kumar Koiri
- Department of Zoology, Dr H. S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, India
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Cirano FR, Molez AM, Ribeiro FV, Tenenbaum HC, Casati MZ, Corrêa MG, Pimentel SP. Resveratrol and insulin association reduced alveolar bone loss and produced an antioxidant effect in diabetic rats. J Periodontol 2020; 92:748-759. [PMID: 32827164 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present investigation studied the effects of systemic administration of resveratrol (RSV) on the development of experimental periodontitis (EP) and on the release of markers of inflammation, bone metabolism, and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. METHODS Seventy-five male rats were divided into five groups: DM+PLAC: Diabetes Mellitus + placebo solution; DM+INS: DM + insulin therapy; DM+RSV: DM + RSV; DM+RSV+INS: DM + RSV and insulin; NDM: non-diabetic. Streptozotocin was used to induce DM and EP was induced by the placement of a ligature at the fist mandibular and the second maxillary molars. Euthanasia occurred 30 days after the initiation of the study and mandible specimens were subjected for morphometric analysis of bone level. Gingival tissues from mandibular molars were collected for quantification of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers by multiplex assay system and ELISA assay, respectively. Maxillary gingival tissues were processed for real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) assessment of markers of bone metabolism and oxidative stress. RESULTS Morphometric analysis revealed greater bone loss in DM+PLAC and DM+INS in comparison to the other treatments (P < 0.05). RSV used in conjunction with INS reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) (P < 0.05). RSV alone reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase oxidase (NADPH oxidase) levels, in comparison to DM+INS and DM+RSV+INS (P < 0.05). All treatments upregulated mRNA levels for osteoprotegerin (OPG) in comparison to PLAC (P < 0.05). Sirtuin 1 (SIRT) mRNA levels were lower in PLAC when compared to DM+RSV, DM+RSV+INS and NDM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION RSV reduced the progression of EP and the levels of NADPH oxidase. Co-treatment with RSV and insulin reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (either proteins or mRNA) and increased the levels of SOD. The data also demonstrated that treatment with RSV and INS alone or in combination had beneficial effects on bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andréia Manetta Molez
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Howard C Tenenbaum
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Dentistry and Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcio Z Casati
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Suzana Peres Pimentel
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bayrak BB, Koroglu P, Karabulut Bulan O, Yanardag R. Metformin protects against diabetes-induced heart injury and dunning prostate cancer model. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:297-309. [PMID: 32812462 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120947452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, both diabetes and Dunning prostate cancer were induced for the first time in Copenhagen rats in vivo. Thus, the effects of metformin against heart tissue damage of these rats were investigated by biochemical methods. Dunning prostate cancer was induced in Copenhagen rats using high metastatic MAT-LyLu cells. The rats were divided as follows: Control group: only injected with 0.9% NaCl for 14 days; Diabetic group: only injected single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg); Cancer group: subcutaneously (s.c) inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells only; Diabetic + cancer (DC) group: inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells and STZ injection, Cancer + metformin (CM) group: injected with metformin for 14 days after Mat-LyLu cells application; Diabetic + cancer + metformin (DCM) group: metformin administered for 14 days together with STZ and Mat-LyLu cells. At the end of the experimental period, heart tissues were taken. Reduced glutathione and total antioxidant status levels in heart tissues were decreased, whereas lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidized protein products, nitric oxide, homocysteine, and reactive oxygen species levels, total oxidant status and catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities increased in the diabetic, cancer and DC groups. Treatment with metformin reversed these effects. In conclusion, the present study shows that metformin has a protective effect against heart tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats with Dunning prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Bayrak
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 206543Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - P Koroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Histology and Embryology, 52965Halic University, Beyoglu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O Karabulut Bulan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 369915Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Yanardag
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 206543Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Tiwari BK, Abidi AB, Rizvi SI, Pandey KB. Effect of oral supplementation of composite leaf extract of medicinal plants on biomarkers of oxidative stress in induced diabetic Wistar rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:361-366. [PMID: 29207888 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1411369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of composite extract of leaves (CLE) of four medicinal plants; Aegle marmelos, Ocimum sanctum, Murraya koenigii and Azadirachta indica on markers of oxidative stress in brain tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats in vivo. Enhanced lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and reduced antioxidative defence systems were measured in brain tissues of diabetic rats. Supplementation of CLE, once in a day for 35 days significantly (p < .05) protected the peroxidation of lipid, oxidation of protein and ameliorated the antioxidant defence in brain tissue of diabetic rats. It was observed that the insulin-like effect of CLE was dose dependent; higher effect at higher doses. The results of the study suggest that supplementation CLE may provide an overall homeostasis and significant neuro-protection through rescuing brain cells from oxidative abuse and accelerating brain antioxidative defence during advanced stage of hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahm Kumar Tiwari
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Abu Baker Abidi
- a Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering , Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS) , Allahabad , India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- b Department of Biochemistry , University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India
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8
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Mohseni R, Arab Sadeghabadi Z, Goodarzi MT, Teimouri M, Nourbakhsh M, Razzaghy Azar M. Evaluation of Mn-superoxide dismutase and catalase gene expression in childhood obesity: its association with insulin resistance. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:727-732. [PMID: 29953407 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2017-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating the strong superoxide radical and producing H2O2, which can then be degraded by catalase (CAT). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the gene expression antioxidant enzymes (Mn-SOD and CAT) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of obese and normal-weight children, and its association with anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Methods Thirty obese and 30 control subjects between the ages of 8 and 16 years were enrolled in this study. Serum insulin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Biochemical parameters were also measured. PBMCs of the subjects were separated and Mn-SOD and CAT gene expression was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Mn-SOD and CAT gene expression was significantly lower in the obese group compared with the control group (p<0.01). Also, a positive correlation was observed between the gene expression of Mn-SOD and CAT and body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Conclusions Induction of antioxidants, especially Mn-SOD and CAT, can lead to reduction of oxidative stress and prevent the complications of obesity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Mohseni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab Sadeghabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran, Phone: +988138380462
| | - Maryam Teimouri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Razzaghy Azar
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,H. Aliasghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Anupam K, Kaushal J, Prabhakar N, Bhatnagar A. Effect of redox status of peripheral blood on immune signature of circulating regulatory and cytotoxic T cells in streptozotocin induced rodent model of type I diabetes. Immunobiology 2018; 223:586-597. [PMID: 30017263 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease manifested by hyperglycemia and associated with imbalance in redox status and inflammatory response. Oxidative stress has been reported to affect functions of T cell repertoire- regulatory T cells (Tregs) and cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs). Tregs are involved in prevention against autoreactive T cells and controlling inflammation while CTLs are major mediators of tissue injury. Hence the present study is novel as it contemplates to understand oxidative stress in diabetes vis-à-vis T cells. Comparative analysis was carried out between two groups, i.e., healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) and Streptozotocin (STZ) induced SD rat model of type1 diabetes (T1D). Various hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were assessed in plasma samples in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), Tregs and CTLs were evaluated for intracellular oxidative stress using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA), mitochondrial ROS using Mitosox-red, mitochondrial membrane potential using JC-1 in PBMCs. Treg populations expressing IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 and CTLs expressing αβ-T cell receptor (αβ -TCR), interferon- γ (IFN-γ), perforin and granzyme were also considered. We found decreased activity of enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione(GSH) and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in plasma indicated altered redox state in diabetic animals. Elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide was observed in T1D group confirming oxidative stress in cell specific manner. Cell population with hyperpolarized mitochondrial membrane potential was found to be elevated in T1D group. We found a decrease in Treg population in T1D group in comparison to healthy group. Treg population expressing IL-4, IL-6 were increased and those expressing IL-10 were found to be reduced in diabetic group. The CTL numbers were dropping whereas αβ-TCR, IFN-γ, perforin and granzyme expressing CTLs were on the rise in diabetic group. Our finding suggested an increased oxidative stress in Tregs and CTLs which might be responsible for progressive inflammatory environment built up due to persistent hyperglycemia. This was fortified by the statistical analyses where strong correlation between LPO and CTLs expressing TCR, IFN-γ, perforin and granzyme was noted. Lipid peroxidation was also found to be correlated to intracellular ROS in Tregs and CTLs along with other important revelations. The present study gives important insights into the significance of oxidative stress on immune system and its mediators in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Anupam
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Jyotsana Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Nirmal Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Archana Bhatnagar
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Madi M, Babu S, Kumari S, Shetty S, Achalli S, Madiyal A, Bhat M. Status of Serum and Salivary Levels of Superoxide Dismutase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Oral Manifestations: A Case Control Study. Ethiop J Health Sci 2018; 26:523-532. [PMID: 28450767 PMCID: PMC5389071 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v26i6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a very well known metabolic disorder that has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress increases in Diabetes Mellitus because of the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and an impaired antioxidant defence mechanism. This study estimated, compared and correlated the serum and salivary Superoxide dismutase levels in healthy subjects and subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus having oral manifestations. Materials and Methods In this study, serum and salivary Superoxide dismutase levels were estimated in 45 healthy subjects and 45 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with oral manifestations. Results The mean serum and salivary Superoxide dismutase levels were significantly decreased in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with oral manifestations compared to the healthy subjects. Positive correlation in both healthy and diabetics was observed between serum and salivary samples. Conclusion This study highlights that the abnormally high levels of oxidative stress in diabetics coupled with simultaneous decline in antioxidant defence mechanism results in complications in Diabetes mellitus. Thus exploring saliva for antioxidant markers that accurately reflect the redox status of the body is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhini Madi
- Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore
| | - Subhas Babu
- Head of the Department, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore
| | - Suchetha Kumari
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore
| | - Shishir Shetty
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Sonika Achalli
- Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore
| | - Ananya Madiyal
- Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, NITTE University, Deralakatte, Mangalore
| | - Manohar Bhat
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, K.V.G. Dental College, Sullia, Dakshina Kannada
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Zinc status is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid, and glucose metabolism. J Physiol Sci 2017; 68:19-31. [PMID: 28965330 PMCID: PMC5754376 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have reported that zinc plays a substantial role in the development of metabolic syndrome, taking part in the regulation of cytokine expression, suppressing inflammation, and is also required to activate antioxidant enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen species, reducing oxidative stress. Zinc also plays a role in the correct functioning of lipid and glucose metabolism, regulating and forming the expression of insulin. In numerous studies, zinc supplementation has been found to improve blood pressure, glucose, and LDL cholesterol serum level. Deeper knowledge of zinc’s properties may help in treating metabolic syndrome, thus protecting against stroke and angina pectoris, and ultimately against death.
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12
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Dietary Modulation of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071583. [PMID: 28753984 PMCID: PMC5536070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells generate unpaired electrons, typically via oxygen- or nitrogen-based by-products during normal cellular respiration and under stressed situations. These pro-oxidant molecules are highly unstable and may oxidize surrounding cellular macromolecules. Under normal conditions, the reactive oxygen or nitrogen species can be beneficial to cell survival and function by destroying and degrading pathogens or antigens. However, excessive generation and accumulation of the reactive pro-oxidant species over time can damage proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Over time, this oxidative stress can contribute to a range of aging-related degenerative diseases such as cancer, diabetes, macular degeneration, and Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. It is well accepted that natural compounds, including vitamins A, C, and E, β-carotene, and minerals found in fruits and vegetables are powerful anti-oxidants that offer health benefits against several different oxidative stress induced degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is increasing interest in developing anti-oxidative therapeutics to prevent AD. There are contradictory and inconsistent reports on the possible benefits of anti-oxidative supplements; however, fruits and vegetables enriched with multiple anti-oxidants (e.g., flavonoids and polyphenols) and minerals may be highly effective in attenuating the harmful effects of oxidative stress. As the physiological activation of either protective or destructive pro-oxidant behavior remains relatively unclear, it is not straightforward to relate the efficacy of dietary anti-oxidants in disease prevention. Here, we review oxidative stress mediated toxicity associated with AD and highlight the modulatory roles of natural dietary anti-oxidants in preventing AD.
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Miraghajani M, Zaghian N, Mirlohi M, Feizi A, Ghiasvand R. The Impact of Probiotic Soy Milk Consumption on Oxidative Stress Among Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Ren Nutr 2017; 27:317-324. [PMID: 28579313 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one the most important complications of diabetes leading to end-stage renal disease. This study aimed to determine the effects of probiotic soy milk consumption on oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 DKD patients. METHODS Forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to consume a diet containing 200 mL/day probiotic soy milk in the intervention group or soy milk in the control condition. As determinants of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, oxidized glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were measured after 8 weeks of intervention according to the standard protocol. RESULTS Between groups analysis showed that DKD patients in the probiotic soy milk group had a higher mean value of GSH compared with those in the soy milk group. In the final adjusted model, this difference remained significant. Consistently, oxidized glutathione concentration was significantly reduced among patients in the probiotic soy milk group. Also, for activity levels of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, significant increased levels were observed between 2 intervention groups in the final adjusted model. However, no significant reduction of the serum 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α or malondialdehyde and no induction of TAC concentrations within and between the 2 groups in the crude and adjusted models were detected. CONCLUSION Overall, the results demonstrate that probiotic soy milk consumption could improve some oxidative stress factors among DKD patients. Further longitudinal studies with consideration of individual variation should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Miraghajani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Zaghian
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirlohi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Saif-Elnasr M, Ibrahim IM, Alkady MM. Role of Vitamin D on glycemic control and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 22:22. [PMID: 28413419 PMCID: PMC5377965 DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.200278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency may play a key role in the development of impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D has an antioxidant property. We aimed to investigate 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients with T2DM and in nondiabetic healthy controls and to ascertain the impact of 25(OH)D levels on glycemic control and oxidative stress in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty male patients with T2DM and twenty age- and socioeconomic status-matched male healthy controls were included in the study. Fasting and postprandial blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was determined by spectrophotometric assay, and serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassay. Results: Serum Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM than healthy controls (P = 0.015). There was a significantly lower GPx activity in patients with T2DM than controls (P = 0.048), but the difference in SOD activity did not reach statistical significance. There was a significant negative correlation between serum Vitamin D levels and HbA1c (P = 0.016), but no statistical correlation was shown between serum Vitamin D levels and GPx and SOD. Conclusion: We conclude that low level of Vitamin D might play a significant role in T2DM pathogenesis. Hence, Vitamin D supplementation may improve glycemic control and oxidative stress in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saif-Elnasr
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman M Ibrahim
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Alkady
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Nair A, Nair BJ. Comparative analysis of the oxidative stress and antioxidant status in type II diabetics and nondiabetics: A biochemical study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2017; 21:394-401. [PMID: 29391714 PMCID: PMC5763862 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_56_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia along with biochemical alterations of glucose and lipid peroxidation. It produces free radicals that induce lipid peroxidation which acts as an indicator for oxidative stress in the body. The widely used assay for lipid peroxidation involves measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA). Defensive system in the body consists of antioxidant enzymes which help in scavenging free radicals. Two such antioxidant enzymes are reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this study MDA, GSH and SOD are assessed in serum and saliva of age- and sex-matched 33 diabetics and nondiabetics. Objective: (1) To estimate the levels of MDA, GSH and SOD in saliva and serum of both diabetics and nondiabetics. (2) To correlate the levels of MDA, GSH and SOD in saliva and serum of both diabetics and nondiabetics. (3) To find if serum levels of MDA, GSH and SOD can be predicted from values of the same in saliva, in both groups. Materials and Methods: Whole unstimulated saliva and venous blood samples obtained after 12 h of overnight fast were transported to the designated laboratory chosen for the study. Supernatants of the centrifuged samples were used for the assays of MDA, GSH and SOD. Results: A significant correlation was obtained between serum and saliva values of MDA and GSH, hence the prediction of serum MDA and GSH was possible from their subsequent saliva values. Although the levels of serum and salivary SOD showed a weak positive correlation, prediction of SOD was not possible. Conclusion: Saliva can be used as a diagnostic tool for the estimation of MDA, GSH and SOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Nair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Royal Dental College, KUHS, Palakkad, India
| | - Bindu J Nair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, PMS Dental College, KUHS, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Increased Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Independent of Body Adiposity in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Controls in falciparum Malaria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5216913. [PMID: 27298824 PMCID: PMC4889793 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5216913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Information on the extent to which oxidative stress and inflammation occur in the presence of falciparum malaria and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the same individual is limited. This study sought to investigate the extent of inflammation and oxidative stress in adult uncomplicated malaria by measuring fasting levels of lipid peroxides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and total antioxidant power (TAP) before and during falciparum malaria, in 100 respondents with type 2 diabetes and 100 age-matched controls in the Cape Coast metropolis of Ghana. Also, body adiposity index, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio were computed. Before and during falciparum malaria, diabetes patients exhibited higher (P < 0.05) levels of CRP and peroxides than controls but TAP and BAI were comparable (P > 0.05) between the two groups. Baseline CRP correlated positively (r = 0.341, P = 0.002) with peroxide only in the diabetic group. During malaria, TAP level in both study groups declined (P < 0.05) by 80% of their baseline levels. CRP correlated negatively (r = −0.352, P = 0.011) with TAP in the control but not the diabetic group. Uncomplicated falciparum malaria elevated inflammation and peroxidation but decreased antioxidant power independent of adiposity. This finding may have implication on cardiovascular health.
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TOORANG F, DJAZAYERY A, DJALALI M. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplement on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:340-5. [PMID: 27141496 PMCID: PMC4851748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a major cause of death. Oxidative stress mainly caused by hyperglycemia is the primary reason of related complications. Omega-3 fatty acids are prescribed in diabetes but the effect on antioxidant defense is controversial. This study investigated effects of omega-3 supplementation on antioxidant enzymes activity in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS A randomized, placebo controlled, double blind clinical trial was performed on 90 type2 diabetic patients. The treatment group took, daily, three capsules of omega-3 for two mo, which totally provided 2714mg omega-3 (EPA=1548 mg, DHA=828 mg and 338 mg of other omega=3 fatty acids). Placebo contained 2100 mg sunflower oil (12% SFA, 65% linoleic acid, 23% MUFA), which is the main oil used in the study population. Food intakes, anthropometric and demographic characteristics, and therapeutic regimen data were recorded before and after the intervention. Fasting blood samples were taken before and after the intervention to measure super oxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity in erythrocytes. RESULTS A total of 81 subjects completed the study. Two study groups were similar as regards duration of diabetes, age and the enzymes at baseline. Energy and macro- and micronutrients intakes, weight and hypoglycemic agent consumption were similar in the two groups at baseline and did not change. Supplementation had no effect on antioxidant enzyme status. Glycated hemoglobin showed a significant reduction by supplementation. CONCLUSION Daily supplementation of 2714 mg mega-3 for two mo results in a significant reduction in HbA1c level in type2 diabetic patients with no effects on antioxidant enzymes activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh TOORANG
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghassem DJAZAYERY
- Dept. of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author:
| | - Mahmoud DJALALI
- Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pourahmadi Z, Mahboob S, Saedisomeolia A, Reykandeh MT. The Effect of Tomato Juice Consumption on Antioxidant Status in Overweight and Obese Females. Women Health 2015; 55:795-804. [PMID: 26086066 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2015.1050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tomatoes and their products are the main source of lycopene, a powerful potent antioxidant. Tomato products improve antioxidant defenses and reduce the risk of oxidative stress, at least partly, due to the presence of lycopene. Lycopene, as an antioxidant, induces the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and reinforces the total enzyme capacity of the human body. Obesity is a chronic condition in which destructive mechanisms increase the reactive oxygen species and attenuation of antioxidant status. We hypothesized that the consumption of a lycopene-rich food would improve the antioxidant defense of women who were overweight or obese. A total of seventy-five overweight or obese female students of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences were enrolled and randomly allocated to one of two groups, intervention (n = 40) or control (n = 35), consuming 330 ml/d of tomato juice or water, respectively, for a 20-day period. At baseline and day 20, total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) were analyzed using ELISA kits and spectrophotometric methods and then compared between the two groups. Lycopene consumption had no effect on these aforementioned variables. Therefore, it seems that more research with longer duration and more sensitive indicators will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Pourahmadi
- a Faculty of Nutrition , Tabriz University of Medical Science , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Soltanali Mahboob
- b Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition , Tabriz University of Medical Science , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- c Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Sekhar KC, Syed R, Golla M, Kumar M V J, Yellapu NK, Chippada AR, Chamarthi NR. Novel heteroaryl phosphonicdiamides PTPs inhibitors as anti-hyperglycemic agents. Daru 2014; 22:76. [PMID: 25542373 PMCID: PMC4305230 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-014-0076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic and oral administration of benzylamine improves glucose tolerance. Picolylamine is a selective functional antagonist of the human adenosine A2B receptor. Phosphonic diamide derivatives enhance the cellular permeability and in turn their biological activities. METHODS A series of heteroaryl phosphonicdiamide derivatives were designed as therapeutics to control and manage type2 diabetes. Initially defined Lipinski parameters encouraged them as safer drugs. Molecular docking of these compounds against Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), the potential therapeutic target of type 2 diabetes, revealed their potential binding ability explaining their anti-diabetic activity in terms of PTP inhibition. Human intestinal absorption, Caco-2 cell permeability, MDCK cell permeability, BBB penetration, skin permeability and plasma protein binding abilities of the title compounds were calculated by PreADMET server. A convenient method has been developed for the synthesis of title compounds through the formation of 1-ethoxy-N,N'-bis(4-fluorobenzyl/pyridin-3-ylmethyl)phosphinediamine by the reaction of 4-fluorobenzylamine/ 3-picolylamine with ethyldichlorophosphite, subsequently reacted with heteroaryl halides using lanthanum(III) chloride as a catalyst. RESULTS All the compounds exhibited significant in vitro anti-oxidant activity and in vivo evaluation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat models revealed that the normal glycemic levels were observed on 12(th) day by 9a and 20(th) day by 5b, 5c, 9e and 9f. The remaining compounds also exhibited normal glycemic levels by 25(th) day. CONCLUSION The results from molecular modeling, in vitro and in vivo studies are suggesting them as safer and effective therapeutic agents against type2 diabetes. Graphical Abstract Development of PTPs inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasheed Syed
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517 502, India.
| | - Madhava Golla
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517 502, India.
| | - Jyothi Kumar M V
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517 502, India.
| | - Nanda Kumar Yellapu
- Biomedical informatics Center, Vector Control Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Puducherry, 605006, India.
| | - Appa Rao Chippada
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517 502, India.
| | - Naga Raju Chamarthi
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517 502, India.
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Flores-Mateo G, Elosua R, Rodriguez-Blanco T, Basora-Gallisà J, Bulló M, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-González MÁ, Estruch R, Corella D, Fitó M, Fiol M, Arós F, Gómez-Gracia E, Subirana I, Lapetra J, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V, Sáez GT, Covas MI. Oxidative stress is associated with an increased antioxidant defense in elderly subjects: a multilevel approach. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105881. [PMID: 25269026 PMCID: PMC4182040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of associations between plasma GSH-Px activity and cardiovascular risk factors have been done in humans, and contradictory results have been reported. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the scavenger antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma and the presence of novel and classical cardiovascular risk factors in elderly patients. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study with baseline data from a subsample of the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) study in Spain. Participants were 1,060 asymptomatic subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), aged 55 to 80, selected from 8 primary health care centers (PHCCs). We assessed classical CVD risk factors, plasma oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) using multilevel statistical procedures. RESULTS Mean GSH-Px value was 612 U/L (SE: 12 U/L), with variation between PHCCs ranging from 549 to 674 U/L (Variance = 013.5; P<0.001). Between-participants variability within a PHCC accounted for 89% of the total variation. Both glucose and oxidized LDL were positively associated with GSH-Px activity after adjustment for possible confounder variables (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION In a population at high cardiovascular risk, a positive linear association was observed between plasma GSH-Px activity and both glucose and ox-LDL levels. The high GSH-Px activity observed when an oxidative stress situation occurred, such as hyperglycemia and lipid oxidative damage, could be interpreted as a healthy defensive response against oxidative injury in our cardiovascular risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Flores-Mateo
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Tarragona-Reus, Institut Universitari d′Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Genetics Research Group, Institut Municipal d′Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Rodriguez-Blanco
- Institut Universitari d′Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Basora-Gallisà
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Tarragona-Reus, Institut Universitari d′Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-Osasunbidea, Servicio Navarro de Salud, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut dInvestigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Unit, Institut Municipal d′Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health Sciences Investigation, IdISPa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Txangorritxu, Vitoria, Spain
| | | | - Isaac Subirana
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Universitari d′Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Division of Sevilla, San Pablo Health Center, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo T. Sáez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Service of Clinical Analysis, Doctor Peset University Hospital, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria-Isabel Covas
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Unit, Institut Municipal d′Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Longo-Mbenza B, Mvitu Muaka M, Masamba W, Muizila Kini L, Longo Phemba I, Kibokela Ndembe D, Tulomba Mona D. Retinopathy in non diabetics, diabetic retinopathy and oxidative stress: a new phenotype in Central Africa? Int J Ophthalmol 2014; 7:293-301. [PMID: 24790873 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.02.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the rates of retinopathy without diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR), associated with some markers of oxidative stress, antioxidants and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS We determined the prevalence of DR in 150 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, that of retinopathy in 50 non diabetics, the levels of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, lipids, 8-isoprostane, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), gamma-glutamyl transferase GT (GGT), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), uric acid, creatinine, albumin, total antioxidant status (TAOS), zinc, selenium, magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, glucose, apolipoprotein B (ApoB). RESULTS The prevalences of DR at 53y and Rtp at 62y were 44% (n=66) and 10% (n=5), respectively. The highest levels of 8-isoprostane, 8-OHdG, TBARS, SOD, and OxLDL were in DR. The lowest levels of vitamin D, vitamin C, TAOS, and vitamin E were in DR. In the case-control study discriminant analysis, the levels of vitamin C, vitamin D, ApoB, 8-OHdG, creatinine, Zn, vitamin E, and WC distinguished significantly non-diabetics without DR (controls), T2DM patients without DR and T2DM patients with DR. CONCLUSION Anticipation of DR onset is significantly associated with the exageration of oxidative stress biomarkers or decrease of antioxidants in African type 2 diabetics. Prevention of oxidative stress and abdominal obesity is needed. Supplementation in vitamin C, D, and E should be recommended as complement therapies of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Longo-Mbenza
- Walter Sisulu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Moise Mvitu Muaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa 11, DR Congo
| | - Wayiza Masamba
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Lucien Muizila Kini
- Department of Family Medicine, Umtata General Hospital, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Igor Longo Phemba
- School of International Studies, Wendzou Medical College, Wenzhou 325005, Zhejiang Province, China
| | | | - Doris Tulomba Mona
- Biostatistics Unit, Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of Cardiology, Kinshasa, Kinshasa 11, DR Congo
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