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Wu WJ, Xia CL, Ou SJ, Yang Y, Zhou XZ, Ma YF, Hou YL, Wang FZ, Yang QP, Qi Y, Xu CP. Prophylactic Effects of NFκB Essential Modulator–Binding Domain Peptides on Bone Infection: An Experimental Study in a Rabbit Model. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2745-2759. [PMID: 35509324 PMCID: PMC9059993 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s346627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Liang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuan-Ji Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fa-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First People’s Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Po Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First People’s Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yong Qi; Chang-Peng Xu, Tel +86-20-8916-8085, Email ;
| | - Chang-Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yong Qi; Chang-Peng Xu, Tel +86-20-8916-8085, Email ;
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Abstract
Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPases), as molecular switches, have been identified to be dysregulated and involved in the pathogenesis of various rheumatic diseases, mainly including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Downstream pathways involving multiple types of cells, such as fibroblasts, chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and immunocytes are mediated by activated Rho GTPases to promote pathogenesis. Targeted therapy via inhibitors of Rho GTPases has been implicated in the treatment of rheumatic diseases, demonstrating promising effects. In this review, the effects of Rho GTPases in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases are summarized, and the Rho GTPase-mediated pathways are elucidated. Therapeutic strategies using Rho GTPase inhibitors in rheumatic diseases are also discussed to provide insights for further exploration of targeted therapy in preclinical studies and clinical practice. Future directions on studies of Rho GTPases in rheumatic diseases based on current understandings are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weihong Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding author
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Manou-Stathopoulou S, Lewis MJ. Diversity of NF-κB signalling and inflammatory heterogeneity in Rheumatic Autoimmune Disease. Semin Immunol 2021; 58:101649. [PMID: 36064646 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases, including Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome, are characterised by a loss of immune tolerance and chronic inflammation. There is marked heterogeneity in clinical and molecular phenotypes in each condition, and the aetiology of these is unclear. NF-κB is an inducible transcription factor that is critical in the physiological inflammatory response, and which has been implicated in chronic inflammation. Genome-wide association studies have linked risk alleles related to the NF-κB pathway to the pathogenesis of multiple Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. This review describes how cell- and pathway-specific NF-κB activation contribute to the spectrum of clinical phenotypes and molecular pathotypes in rheumatic disease. Potential clinical applications are explored, including therapeutic interventions and utilisation of NF-κB as a biomarker of disease subtypes and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Manou-Stathopoulou
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Liu H, Yan Z, Zhao Y, Ma X, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhuang W, Zheng Y, Liu B, Zhang L, Gao C. A Peptide Derived from IKK-Interacting Protein Attenuates NF-κB Activation and Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1652-1661. [PMID: 34426543 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The IκB kinase (IKK) complex plays a vital role in regulating the NF-κB activation. Aberrant NF-κB activation is involved in various inflammatory diseases. Thus, targeting IKK activation is an ideal therapeutic strategy to cure and prevent inflammatory diseases related to NF-κB activation. In a previous study, we demonstrated that IKK-interacting protein (IKIP) inhibits the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and the activation of NF-κB through disruption of the formation of IKK complex. In this study, we identified a 15-aa peptide derived from mouse IKIP (46-60 aa of IKIP), which specifically suppressed IKK activation and NF-κB targeted gene expression via disrupting the association of IKKβ and NEMO. Importantly, administration of the peptide reduced LPS-induced acute inflammation and attenuated Zymosan-induced acute arthritis in mice. These findings suggest that this IKIP peptide may be a promising therapeutic reagent in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital Cheelow Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital Cheelow Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Xueer Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Wanxin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Bingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; and
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Wang C, Huandike M, Yang Y, Zhang H, Feng G, Meng X, Zhang P, Liu J, Li J, Chai L. Glycosides of Caulis Lonicerae inhibits the inflammatory proliferation of IL-1β-mediated fibroblast-like synovial cells cocultured with lymphocytes. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2807-2823. [PMID: 33484196 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Caulis Lonicerae, the dried stem of Lonicera japonica, has been confirmed to have antiinflammatory and antioxidant therapeutic effects. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the functional mechanism of glycosides extracted from Caulis Lonicerae on the inflammatory proliferation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-mediated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from rats. Rat FLSs (RSC-364) co-cultured with lymphocytes induced by IL-1β were used as a cell model. Glycosides in a freeze-dried powder of aqueous extract from Caulis Lonicerae were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. After treatment with glycosides, the inflammatory proliferation of FLS, induced by IL-1β, decreased significantly. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with glycosides restored the abnormal balance of T cells by intervening in the proliferation and differentiation of helper T (Th) cells. Glycosides also inhibited the activation of Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways by suppressing the protein expression of key molecules in these pathways. Therefore, we concluded that the glycosides of Caulis Lonicerae can intervene in the differentiation of Th cells, suppressing the activation of JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways, contributing to the inhibitory effect on inflammatory proliferation of FLS co-cultured with lymphocytes induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiyier Huandike
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxia Yang
- Nephropathy Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guiyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Takenaka M, Takahashi Y, Takakura Y. Intercellular delivery of NF-κB inhibitor peptide utilizing small extracellular vesicles for the application of anti-inflammatory therapy. J Control Release 2020; 328:435-443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Glaeser JD, Salehi K, Kanim LE, NaPier Z, Kropf MA, Cuéllar JM, Perry TG, Bae HW, Sheyn D. NF-κB inhibitor, NEMO-binding domain peptide attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine J 2020; 20:1480-1491. [PMID: 32413485 PMCID: PMC7494571 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Nonphysiological mechanical loading and inflammation are both critically involved in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, which is characterized by an increase in cytokines and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in the nucleus pulposus (NP). This process is known to be mediated by the NF-κB pathway. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Current clinical treatments for IVD degeneration focus on the alleviation of symptoms rather than targeting the underlying mechanism. Injection of an NF-κB inhibitor may attenuate the progression of IVD degeneration. PURPOSE To investigate the ability of the NF-κB inhibitor, NEMO binding domain peptide (NBD), to alter IVD degeneration processes by reducing IL-1β- and mechanically-induced cytokine and MMP levels in human nucleus pulposus cells in vitro, and by attenuating IVD degeneration in an in vivo rat model for disc degeneration. STUDY DESIGN Experimental in vitro and animal model. PATIENT SAMPLE Discarded specimens of lumbar disc from 21 patients, and 12 Sprague Dawley rats. OUTCOME MEASURES Gene and protein expression, cell viability, µMRI and histology. METHODS IL-1β-prestimulated human nucleus pulposus cells embedded into fibrin constructs were loaded in the Flexcell FX-5000 compression system at 5 kPa and 1 Hz for 48 hours in the presence and absence of NBD. Unloaded hNPC/fibrin constructs served as controls. Cell viability in loaded and unloaded constructs was quantified, and gene and protein expression levels determined. For in vivo testing, a rat needle disc puncture model was employed. Experimental groups included injured discs with and without NBD injection and uninjured controls. Levels of disc degeneration were determined via µMRI, qPCR and histology. Funding sources include $48,874 NASS Young Investigator Research Grant and $119,174 NIH 5K01AR071512-02. There were no applicable financial relationships or conflicts of interest. RESULTS Mechanical compression of hNPC/fibrin constructs resulted in upregulation of MMP-3 and IL-8. Supplementation of media with 10 μM NBD during loading increased cell viability, and decreased MMP-3 gene and protein levels. IVD injury in rat resulted in an increase in MMP-3, IL-1β and IL-6 gene expression. Injections of 250 µg of NBD during disc injury resulted in decreased IL-6 gene expression. µMRI analysis demonstrated a reduction of disc hydration in response to disc needle injury, which was attenuated in NBD-treated IVDs. Histological evaluation showed NP and AF lesion in injured discs, which was attenuated by NBD injection. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show NBD peptide's capacity to reduce IL-1β- and loading-induced MMP-3 levels in hNPC/fibrin constructs while increasing the cells' viability, and to attenuate IVD degeneration in rat, involving downregulation of IL-6. Therefore, NBD may be a potential therapeutic agent to treat IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane D. Glaeser
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Khosrowdad Salehi
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Linda E.A. Kanim
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zachary NaPier
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael A. Kropf
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jason M. Cuéllar
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tiffany G. Perry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hyun W. Bae
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA,Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Bakheet SA, Alrwashied BS, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Alanazi MM, Aldossari AA, Assiri MA, Mahmood HM, Al-Mazroua HA, Ahmad SF. CXC chemokine receptor 3 antagonist AMG487 shows potent anti-arthritic effects on collagen-induced arthritis by modifying B cell inflammatory profile. Immunol Lett 2020; 225:74-81. [PMID: 32590119 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that chemokine receptors are important mediators of inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). B cells are also known to play an important role in RA pathology. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CXCR3) is considered a potential therapeutic target in different inflammatory diseases; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the potentially protective effect of AMG487, a selective CXCR3 antagonist, in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. CIA mice were treated with AMG487 (5 mg/kg) every 48 h, from day 21 until day 41. We then investigated the effect of AMG487 on NF-κB p65-, NOS2-, MCP-1-, TNF-α-, IFN-γ, IL-4-, and IL-27-producing CD19+ B cells in the spleen through flow cytometry. We also evaluated the mRNA and protein expression levels of these molecules using RT-PCR and western blotting in the knee tissues. Our results revealed that AMG487-treated mice showed decreased NF-κB p65-, NOS2-, MCP-1-, and TNF-α-, and increased IL-4-, and IL-27-producing CD19+ B cells compared with the control mice. Additionally, AMG487 treatment significantly down regulated NF-κB p65, NOS2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and upregulated IL-4 and IL-27 mRNA and protein expression levels compared with the control. Thus, our study shows that AMG487 exerts its anti-arthritic effect by potently downregulating inflammatory B cell signaling. Based on our observations, we propose that AMG487 could serve as a potential novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader S Alrwashied
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz M Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Xu CP, Chen Y, Sun HT, Cui Z, Yang YJ, Huang L, Yu B, Wang FZ, Yang QP, Qi Y. Efficacy of NEMO-binding domain peptide used to treat experimental osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an in-vivo study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:182. [PMID: 31832182 PMCID: PMC6864959 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (bone infection) remains a clinical challenge. Our previous study had demonstrated that NEMO-binding domain (NBD) peptide effectively ameliorates the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation by TNF-α in vitro. In this work, NBD peptide was evaluated in vivo for treating chronic osteomyelitis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a rabbit model. Methods Tibial osteomyelitis was induced in 50 New Zealand white rabbits by tibial canal inoculation of MRSA strain. After 3 weeks, 45 rabbits with osteomyelitis were randomly divided into four groups that correspondingly received the following interventions: 1) Control group (9 rabbits, no treatment); 2) Van group (12 rabbits, debridement and parenteral treatment with vancomycin); 3) NBD + Van group (12 rabbits, debridement and local NBD peptide injection, plus parenteral treatment with vancomycin); 4) NBD group (12 rabbits, debridement and local NBD peptide injection). Blood samples were collected weekly for the measurement of leucocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The rabbits in all four groups were sacrificed 6 weeks after debridement; the anti-infective efficacy was evaluated by radiological, histological, and microbiological examination, and promotion of bone remodeling was quantified by micro-CT using the newly formed bone. Results Except two rabbits in the Control group and one in the NBD group that died from severe infection before the end point, the remaining 42 animals (7, 12, 12, 11 in the Control, Van, NBD + Van, and NBD group respectively) were sacrificed 6 weeks after debridement. In general, there was no significant difference in the leucocyte count, and ESR and CRP levels, although there were fluctuations throughout the follow-up period after debridement. MRSA was still detectable in bone tissue samples of all animals. Interestingly, treatment with NBD peptide plus vancomycin significantly reduced radiological and histological severity scores compared to that in other groups. The best therapeutic efficacy in bone defect repair was observed in the NBD peptide + Van group. Conclusions In a model of osteomyelitis induced by MRSA, despite the failure in demonstrating antibacterial effectiveness of NBD peptide in vivo, the results suggest antibiotics in conjunction with NBD peptide to possibly have promising therapeutic potential in osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, NO.466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, NO.466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, NO.466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Fa-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People’s Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Po Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People’s Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, NO.466 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
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Luo Q, Li D, Bao B, Wan X, Pan B, Tu J, Wang H, Ouyang Y, Chen Z, Yin X. NEMO-binding domain peptides alleviate perihematomal inflammation injury after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2019; 409:43-57. [PMID: 31047976 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation aggravates the lethal consequences of intracerebral hemorrhage. Recently, many studies have found that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a crucial transcription factor that initiates inflammation in the perihematomal region of ICH. NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO)-binding domain (NBD) peptide, a cell-permeable peptide spanning the NBD of IKKα or IKKβ, functions as a highly specific inhibitor of NF-κB. This peptide can negatively regulate the NF-κB pathway. The present study aimed to explore the effects and underlying pathomechanisms of NBD peptides after ICH. Striatum infusion of whole blood or saline was performed on C57BL/6 mice (n = 198). Experimental animals were administered NBD or control (mutated) peptides 2 h before or after ICH by intracerebroventricular injection (icv.). NBD peptides significantly inhibited edema formation, ameliorated the neurological deficits, markedly reduced IκBα and p65 phosphorylation, blocked nuclear translocation of p65, and upregulated IκBα expression by NF-κB after ICH induction. Using an in vitro hemin toxicity model, we investigated the effects of NBD peptides on microglial inflammation. We found that NBD peptides suppressed microglia inflammation and lowered the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Further experiments were performed in mice and cultured microglia, which treated with NBD peptides in the presence of p65 siRNA confirmed that the specificity of NBD peptides inhibit ICH-induced NF-κB activation. This study demonstrated that NBD peptides exert a neuroprotective role after ICH and might be a potential candidate for a novel therapeutic strategy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dongling Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bing Bao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No. 57, Xiangyang East Road, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Wan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bingxing Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, , China
| | - Jianglong Tu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No. 57, Xiangyang East Road, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yetong Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No. 57, Xiangyang East Road, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No. 57, Xiangyang East Road, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, No. 57, Xiangyang East Road, Jiujiang 332000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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11
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Rohitukine inhibits NF-κB activation induced by LPS and other inflammatory agents. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:34-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Glaeser JD, Salehi K, Kanim LEA, Sheyn D, NaPier Z, Behrens PH, Garcia L, Cuéllar JM, Bae HW. Anti-Inflammatory Peptide Attenuates Edema and Promotes BMP-2-Induced Bone Formation in Spine Fusion. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1641-1651. [PMID: 29766758 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2)-loaded absorbable collagen sponges (ACS) have been successfully used to enhance bone formation and to induce spinal fusion in humans. However, side effects, such as soft tissue edema and inflammation, have been reported. NEMO binding domain peptide (NBD) inhibits activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), a central regulator of immune response. In this study, we investigated NBD's potential to reduce BMP-2-induced soft tissue inflammation without affecting BMP-2-mediated spinal fusion in rat. For evaluation of soft tissue inflammation, ACS containing BMP-2, BMP-2+NBD, NBD, or ACS only were implanted into intramuscular paraspinal sites of 32 rats. At day 2 postsurgery, edema formation at the implant sites was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. T2-weighted relaxation time (T2-RT) values were increased in the BMP-2 group compared with BMP-2+NBD, NBD, and ACS groups. No difference in T2-RT values was detected between BMP-2+NBD versus NBD and ACS controls. Postsacrifice, histological analysis of the implant-surrounding zones showed increased mononuclear cell infiltration in the BMP-2 group compared with BMP-2+NBD and controls. The presence of BMP-2 increased relative NF-κB binding and gene expression of inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL18, and chemokine ligand (CCL)2 and CCL3 compared with controls. In the BMP-2+NBD group, cytokine expression was blocked. No differences were found between BMP-2+NBD and control groups. For evaluation of spinal fusion, posterolateral intertransverse lumbar fusion procedures were performed on 16 rats. ACS were loaded with BMP-2 or BMP-2+NBD. After sacrifice at week 12, microcomputed tomographic assessment of the fusion site detected a higher bone volume and reduced trabecular spacing in the BMP-2+NBD group compared with BMP-2. Histological analysis did not show any differences in newly formed bone microarchitecture. In summary, addition of NBD to BMP-2-loaded ACS reduces BMP-2-induced soft tissue edema formation and mononuclear cell infiltration, diminishes NF-κB binding, and thus blocks transcription of NF-κB-regulated cytokines in rat. Furthermore, NBD stimulates bone formation in BMP-2-mediated spinal fusion, possibly through crosstalk of the NF-κB pathway with other pathways. The results of this study might provide the basis to develop new therapeutic bone grafting approaches with combinatory administration of BMP-2 and NBD for spinal fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane D Glaeser
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,3 Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Khosrowdad Salehi
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,3 Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda E A Kanim
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,4 Cedars-Sinai Spine Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,3 Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,5 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,6 Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Zachary NaPier
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Phillip H Behrens
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Leslie Garcia
- 3 Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jason M Cuéllar
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
| | - Hyun W Bae
- 1 Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,2 Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California.,4 Cedars-Sinai Spine Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California
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13
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Zhao J, Zhang L, Mu X, Doebelin C, Nguyen W, Wallace C, Reay DP, McGowan SJ, Corbo L, Clemens PR, Wilson GM, Watkins SC, Solt LA, Cameron MD, Huard J, Niedernhofer LJ, Kamenecka TM, Robbins PD. Development of novel NEMO-binding domain mimetics for inhibiting IKK/NF-κB activation. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2004663. [PMID: 29889904 PMCID: PMC6013238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor important for regulating innate and adaptive immunity, cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence. Dysregulation of NF-κB and its upstream regulator IκB kinase (IKK) contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory and degenerative diseases as well as cancer. An 11-amino acid peptide containing the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO)-binding domain (NBD) derived from the C-terminus of β subunit of IKK, functions as a highly selective inhibitor of the IKK complex by disrupting the association of IKKβ and the IKKγ subunit NEMO. A structure-based pharmacophore model was developed to identify NBD mimetics by in silico screening. Two optimized lead NBD mimetics, SR12343 and SR12460, inhibited tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation by blocking the interaction between IKKβ and NEMO and suppressed LPS-induced acute pulmonary inflammation in mice. Chronic treatment of a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with SR12343 and SR12460 attenuated inflammatory infiltration, necrosis and muscle degeneration, demonstrating that these small-molecule NBD mimetics are potential therapeutics for inflammatory and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiaodong Mu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Christelle Doebelin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - William Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Callen Wallace
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Reay
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sara J. McGowan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lana Corbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paula R. Clemens
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Mustata Wilson
- Department of Health Informatics and Information Management, College of Nursing and Health Professions, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Laura A. Solt
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Cameron
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Theodore M. Kamenecka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Department of Molecular Medicine and the TSRI Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Zhai KF, Duan H, Luo L, Cao WG, Han FK, Shan LL, Fang XM. Protective effects of paeonol on inflammatory response in IL-1β-induced human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rheumatoid arthritis progression via modulating NF-κB pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 25:10.1007/s10787-017-0385-5. [PMID: 28799079 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Various investigations have demonstrated that human fibroblast-like synoviocytes rheumatoid arthritis (HFLS-RA) take part in the chronic inflammatory responses and RA progression. Inhibition of synovium activation and inflammatory processes may represent a therapeutic target to alleviate RA. Paeonol, a major natural product, has many biological and pharmacological activities. However, its protective effects against RA considering HFLS-RA have not been explored. In this study, anti-inflammatory effects of paeonol were detected in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated HFLS-RA. Our results demonstrated that paeonol had no effect on cell survival and IL-1β-induced proliferation in HFLS-RA. Pretreatment with paeonol significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1/-3 in vitro and in vivo. Mice treated with paeonol (10 mg/kg) remarkablely attenuated arthritic symptoms based on clinical arthritis scores and histopathology in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Furthermore, the TLR4 expression and NF-κB p65 activation were inhibited by paeonol in vitro and in vivo. Our findings illustrated that paeonol had significantly suppressed inflammation effects in synovial tissues and RA progression. The potential mechanism might be based on the attenuation TLR4-NF-κB activation. These collective results indicated that paeonol might be a promising therapeutic agent for alleviating RA progress through inhibiting inflammations and NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Feng Zhai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Hong Duan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Luo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Gen Cao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Kai Han
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Shan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xue-Mei Fang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, 49, Bianhe Road, Suzhou, 234000, People's Republic of China
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15
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Al-Soudi A, Kaaij MH, Tas SW. Endothelial cells: From innocent bystanders to active participants in immune responses. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:951-962. [PMID: 28698091 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium is crucially important for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients throughout the body under homeostatic conditions. However, it also contributes to pathology, including the initiation and perpetuation of inflammation. Understanding the function of endothelial cells (ECs) in inflammatory diseases and molecular mechanisms involved may lead to novel approaches to dampen inflammation and restore homeostasis. In this article, we discuss the various functions of ECs in inflammation with a focus on pathological angiogenesis, attraction of immune cells, antigen presentation, immunoregulatory properties and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). We also review the current literature on approaches to target these processes in ECs to modulate immune responses and advance anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Soudi
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M H Kaaij
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology and Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Gao S, Wang Q, Tian XH, Li HL, Shen YH, Xu XK, Wu GZ, Hu ZL, Zhang WD. Total sesquiterpene lactones prepared from Inula helenium L. has potentials in prevention and therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:39-46. [PMID: 27988396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Inula helenium L. is an herb with anti-inflammatory properties. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), mainly alantolactone (AL) and isoalantolactone (IAL), are considered as its active ingredients. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of SL-containing extracts of I. helenium have not been explored. Here we prepared total SLs from I. helenium (TSL-IHL), analyzed its chemical constituents, and performed cellular and animal studies to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical profile of TSL-IHL was analyzed by HPLC-UV. Its in vitro effects on the activation of signaling pathways and expression of inflammatory genes were examined by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively, and compared with those of AL and IAL. Its in vivo anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in adjuvant- and collagen-induced arthritis rat models. RESULTS Chemical analysis showed that AL and IAL represent major constituents of TSL-IHL. TSL-IHL, as well as AL and IAL, could inhibit TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in b. End3 cells, suppress the expressions of MMP-3, MCP-1, and IL-1 in TNF-α-stimulated synovial fibroblasts, and IL-1, IL-6, and iNOS in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner in the range of 0.6-2.4μg/mL. Oral administration of TSL-IHL at 12.5-50mg/kg could dose-dependently alleviate the arthritic severity and paw swelling in either developing or developed phases of arthritis of rats induced by adjuvant or collagen CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated potentials of TSL-IHL in prevention and therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xin-Hui Tian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hui-Liang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Guo-Zhen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhen-Lin Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China.
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17
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Abstract
The treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) has dramatically improved over the last two decades by the development of a series of targeted biological therapies. This paper focuses on new developments in the treatment of IMIDs. In particular, we discuss how different ways of targeting the same mediators can lead to different efficacy and safety profiles, using B cell targeting as example. In addition, we discuss the emerging field of 'small molecules' that target specifically intracellular processes related to cytokine signaling, cell activation, cell migration, and other processes relevant to tissue inflammation.
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18
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Cascão R, Vidal B, Lopes IP, Paisana E, Rino J, Moita LF, Fonseca JE. Decrease of CD68 Synovial Macrophages in Celastrol Treated Arthritic Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142448. [PMID: 26658436 PMCID: PMC4676706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by cellular infiltration into the joints, hyperproliferation of synovial cells and bone damage. Available treatments for RA only induce remission in around 30% of the patients, have important adverse effects and its use is limited by their high cost. Therefore, compounds that can control arthritis, with an acceptable safety profile and low production costs are still an unmet need. We have shown, in vitro, that celastrol inhibits both IL-1β and TNF, which play an important role in RA, and, in vivo, that celastrol has significant anti-inflammatory properties. Our main goal in this work was to test the effect of celastrol in the number of sublining CD68 macrophages (a biomarker of therapeutic response for novel RA treatments) and on the overall synovial tissue cellularity and joint structure in the adjuvant-induced rat model of arthritis (AIA). Methods Celastrol was administered to AIA rats both in the early (4 days after disease induction) and late (11 days after disease induction) phases of arthritis development. The inflammatory score, ankle perimeter and body weight were evaluated during treatment period. Rats were sacrificed after 22 days of disease progression and blood, internal organs and paw samples were collected for toxicological blood parameters and serum proinflammatory cytokine quantification, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation, respectively. Results Here we report that celastrol significantly decreases the number of sublining CD68 macrophages and the overall synovial inflammatory cellularity, and halted joint destruction without side effects. Conclusions Our results validate celastrol as a promising compound for the treatment of arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cell Count
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/immunology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Synovial Membrane/drug effects
- Synovial Membrane/immunology
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Treatment Outcome
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Bruno Vidal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês P. Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eunice Paisana
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Rino
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - João E. Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
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19
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Tas SW, Maracle CX, Balogh E, Szekanecz Z. Targeting of proangiogenic signalling pathways in chronic inflammation. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015; 12:111-22. [PMID: 26633288 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2015.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is de novo capillary outgrowth from pre-existing blood vessels. This process not only is crucial for normal development, but also has an important role in supplying oxygen and nutrients to inflamed tissues, as well as in facilitating the migration of inflammatory cells to the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and other systemic autoimmune diseases. Neovascularization is dependent on the balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic mediators, including growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules and matrix metalloproteinases. This Review describes the various intracellular signalling pathways that govern these angiogenic processes and discusses potential approaches to interfere with pathological angiogenesis, and thereby ameliorate inflammatory disease, by targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology &Immunology Centre, Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Centre and University of Amsterdam, EULAR &FOCIS (Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies) Centre of Excellence, Meibergdreef 9, F4-105, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chrissta X Maracle
- Amsterdam Rheumatology &Immunology Centre, Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Centre and University of Amsterdam, EULAR &FOCIS (Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies) Centre of Excellence, Meibergdreef 9, F4-105, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emese Balogh
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Nagyerdei Str. 98, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szekanecz
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Nagyerdei Str. 98, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
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20
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Xiao Y, Liang L, Huang M, Qiu Q, Zeng S, Shi M, Zou Y, Ye Y, Yang X, Xu H. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain bromodomain inhibition prevents synovial inflammation via blocking IκB kinase–dependent NF-κB activation in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 55:173-84. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Local and Systemic IKKε and NF-κB Signaling Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome Immunopathogenesis. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:534648. [PMID: 26380323 PMCID: PMC4563092 DOI: 10.1155/2015/534648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The activated NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) family such as IKKα, IKKβ, IKKγ, and IKKε, is required for this signaling. Our aim was to investigate the role of IKKα/β/γ/ε in patients with untreated pSS. In minor salivary glands from pSS patients, phosphorylated IKKε (pIKKε), pIκBα, and pNF-κB p65 (p-p65) were highly expressed in ductal epithelium and infiltrating mononuclear cells by immunohistochemistry, compared to healthy individuals. pIKKα/β and pIKKγ were both negative. And pIKKε positively related to expression of p-p65. Furthermore, pIKKε and p-p65 expression significantly correlated with biopsy focus score and overall disease activity. Meanwhile, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pSS patients, pIKKε, total IKKε, pIKKα/β, and p-p65 were significantly increased by western blot, compared to healthy controls. However, there was no difference in IKKγ and IκBα between pSS patients and healthy individuals. These results demonstrated an abnormality of IKKε, IκBα, and NF-κB in pSS, suggesting a potential target of treatment for pSS based on the downregulation of IKKε expression and deregulation of NF-κB pathway.
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Lee CT, Kokolus KM, Leigh ND, Capitano M, Hylander BL, Repasky EA. Defining immunological impact and therapeutic benefit of mild heating in a murine model of arthritis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120327. [PMID: 25793532 PMCID: PMC4368208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional treatments, including a variety of thermal therapies have been known since ancient times to provide relief from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms. However, a general absence of information on how heating affects molecular or immunological targets relevant to RA has limited heat treatment (HT) to the category of treatments known as “alternative therapies”. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of mild HT in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model which has been used in many previous studies to evaluate newer pharmacological approaches for the treatment of RA, and tested whether inflammatory immune activity was altered. We also compared the effect of HT to methotrexate, a well characterized pharmacological treatment for RA. CIA mice were treated with either a single HT for several hours or daily 30 minute HT. Disease progression and macrophage infiltration were evaluated. We found that both HT regimens significantly reduced arthritis disease severity and macrophage infiltration into inflamed joints. Surprisingly, HT was as efficient as methotrexate in controlling disease progression. At the molecular level, HT suppressed TNF-α while increasing production of IL-10. We also observed an induction of HSP70 and a reduction in both NF-κB and HIF-1α in inflamed tissues. Additionally, using activated macrophages in vitro, we found that HT reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, an effect which is correlated to induction of HSF-1 and HSP70 and inhibition of NF-κB and STAT activation. Our findings demonstrate a significant therapeutic benefit of HT in controlling arthritis progression in a clinically relevant mouse model, with an efficacy similar to methotrexate. Mechanistically, HT targets highly relevant anti-inflammatory pathways which strongly support its increased study for use in clinical trials for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ting Lee
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Kokolus
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas D. Leigh
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Maegan Capitano
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Bonnie L. Hylander
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Noort AR, Tak PP, Tas SW. Non-canonical NF-κB signaling in rheumatoid arthritis: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde? Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:15. [PMID: 25774937 PMCID: PMC4308835 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors is essential for the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but can also induce regulatory pathways. NF-κB can be activated via two distinct pathways: the classical or canonical pathway, and the alternative or non-canonical pathway. It is well established that the canonical NF-κB pathway is essential both in acute inflammatory responses and in chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although less extensively studied, the non-canonical NF-κB pathway is not only central in lymphoid organ development and adaptive immune responses, but is also thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA. Importantly, this pathway appears to have cell type-specific functions and, since many different cell types are involved in the pathogenesis of RA, it is difficult to predict the net overall contribution of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway to synovial inflammation. In this review, we describe the current understanding of non-canonical NF-κB signaling in various important cell types in the context of RA and consider the relevance to the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, we discuss current drugs targeting this pathway, as well as future therapeutic prospects.
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Chang YW, Zhao YF, Cao YL, Gu W, Pang J, Zhan HS. Bufalin exerts inhibitory effects on IL-1β-mediated proliferation and induces apoptosis in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Inflammation 2014; 37:1552-9. [PMID: 24752615 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLSs) proliferate abnormally and resist apoptosis. Bufalin inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. In this study, we explored the effects of bufalin on interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-induced proliferation and apoptosis of RAFLSs. The cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay and annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Bufalin dose-dependently inhibited IL-1β-induced RAFLS proliferation. Mechanistically, bufalin decreased the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), both of which are involved in IL-1β-mediated RAFLS proliferation. Moreover, bufalin induced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage of RAFLSs, which was associated with Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and enhanced cleavages of caspase-3 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Collectively, our results reveal that bufalin suppresses IL-1β-induced proliferation of RAFLSs through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and induces RAFLS apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-wen Chang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China,
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Stinson LF, Ireland DJ, Kemp MW, Payne MS, Stock SJ, Newnham JP, Keelan JA. Effects of cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs on inflammatory activation in ex vivo human and ovine fetal membranes. Reproduction 2014; 147:313-20. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine infection and inflammation are responsible for the majority of early (<32 weeks) spontaneous preterm births (PTBs). Anti-inflammatory agents, delivered intra-amniotically together with antibiotics, may be an effective strategy for preventing PTB. In this study, the effects of four cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs:N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), SB239063, TPCA-1 and NEMO binding domain inhibitor (NBDI)) were assessed on human and ovine gestational membrane inflammation. Full-thickness membranes were collected from healthy, term, human placentas delivered by Caesarean section (n=5). Using a Transwell model, they were stimulatedex vivowith γ-irradiation-killedEscherichia coliapplied to the amniotic face. Membranes from near-term, ovine placentas were stimulatedin uterowith lipopolysaccharide,Ureaplasma parvumor saline control and subjected to explant culture. The effects of treatment with CSAIDs or vehicle (1% DMSO) on accumulation of PGE2and cytokines (human interleukin 6 (IL6), IL10 and TNFα; ovine IL8 (oIL8)) were assessed in conditioned media at various time points (3–20 h). In human membranes, the IKKβ inhibitor TPCA-1 (7 μM) and p38 MAPK inhibitor SB239063 (20 μM) administered to the amniotic compartment were the most effective in inhibiting accumulation of cytokines and PGE2in the fetal compartment. NAC (10 mM) inhibited accumulation of PGE2and IL10 only; NBDI (10 μM) had no significant effect. In addition to the fetal compartment, SB239063 also exerted consistent and significant inhibitory effects in the maternal compartment. TPCA-1 and SB239063 suppressed oIL8 production, while all CSAIDs tested suppressed ovine PGE2production. These results support the further investigation of intra-amniotically delivered CSAIDs for the prevention of inflammation-mediated PTB.
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Potent anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of gambogic acid in a rat model of antigen-induced arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:195327. [PMID: 24623960 PMCID: PMC3929289 DOI: 10.1155/2014/195327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. We have previously reported a continuous activation of caspase-1 and increased interleukin (IL)-1β levels in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These observations raised the hypothesis that drugs targeting the IL-1β pathway, in addition to tumour necrosis factor (TNF), may be particularly effective for early RA treatment. We have recently identified gambogic acid as a promising therapeutic candidate to simultaneously block IL-1β and TNF secretion. Our main goal here was to investigate whether gambogic acid administration was able to attenuate inflammation in antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. Methods. Gambogic acid was administered to AIA rats in the early and late phases of arthritis. The inflammatory score, ankle perimeter, and body weight were evaluated during the period of treatment. Rats were sacrificed after 19 days of disease progression and paw samples were collected for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Results. We found that inflammation in joints was significantly suppressed following gambogic acid administration. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of treated rats revealed normal joint structures with complete abrogation of the inflammatory infiltrate and cellular proliferation. Conclusions. Our results suggest that gambogic acid has significant anti-inflammatory properties and can possibly constitute a prototype anti-inflammatory drug with therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as RA.
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Koutsokeras A, Purkayastha N, Purkayashta N, Rigby A, Subang MC, Sclanders M, Vessillier S, Mullen L, Chernajovsky Y, Gould D. Generation of an efficiently secreted, cell penetrating NF-κB inhibitor. FASEB J 2013; 28:373-81. [PMID: 24072781 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-236570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a powerful approach to treat disease locally. However, if the therapeutic target is intracellular, the therapeutic will be effective only in the cells where the therapeutic gene is delivered. We have engineered a fusion protein containing an intracellular inhibitor of the transcription factor NF-κB pathway that can be effectively secreted from producing cells. This fusion protein is cleaved extracellularly by metalloproteinases allowing release of a protein transduction domain (PTD) linked to the NF-κB inhibitor for translocation into neighboring cells. We show that engineered molecules can be efficiently secreted (>80%); are cleaved with matrix metalloprotease-1; inhibit NF-κB driven transcription in a biological assay with a human reporter cell line; and display significant inhibition in mouse paw inflammation models when delivered by lentivirus or secreting cells. No inhibition of NF-κB transcription or therapeutic effect was seen using molecules devoid of the PTD and NF-κB inhibitory domains. By creating a fusion protein with an endogenous secretion partner, we demonstrate a novel approach to efficiently secrete PTD-containing protein domains, overcoming previous limitations, and allowing for potent paracrine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Koutsokeras
- 2Bone and Joint Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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NF-κB inhibitor targeted to activated endothelium demonstrates a critical role of endothelial NF-κB in immune-mediated diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:16556-61. [PMID: 24062461 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1218219110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of inflammatory genes crucially involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. NF-κB governs the expression of adhesion molecules that play a pivotal role in leukocyte-endothelium interactions. We uncovered the crucial role of NF-κB activation within endothelial cells in models of immune-mediated diseases using a "sneaking ligand construct" (SLC) selectively inhibiting NF-κB in the activated endothelium. The recombinant SLC1 consists of three modules: (i) an E-selectin targeting domain, (ii) a Pseudomonas exotoxin A translocation domain, and (iii) a NF-κB Essential Modifier-binding effector domain interfering with NF-κB activation. The E-selectin-specific SLC1 inhibited NF-κB by interfering with endothelial IκB kinase 2 activity in vitro and in vivo. In murine experimental peritonitis, the application of SLC1 drastically reduced the extravasation of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, SLC1 treatment significantly ameliorated the disease course in murine models of rheumatoid arthritis. Our data establish that endothelial NF-κB activation is critically involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and can be selectively inhibited in a cell type- and activation stage-dependent manner by the SLC approach. Moreover, our strategy is applicable to delineating other pathogenic signaling pathways in a cell type-specific manner and enables selective targeting of distinct cell populations to improve effectiveness and risk-benefit ratios of therapeutic interventions.
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Altered IκBα expression promotes NF-κB activation in monocytes from primary Sjögren's syndrome patients. Pathology 2013; 44:557-61. [PMID: 22935973 DOI: 10.1097/pat.0b013e3283580388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the importance of IκBα in NF-κB signal transduction, we analysed the IκBα expression in monocytes from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients versus healthy controls. METHODS Monocytes were obtained from the peripheral blood of 30 SS patients and 23 healthy subjects. IκBα expression was studied by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, immunoblotting, flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Analysis of the gene and protein expression profiles of SS monocytes revealed a down-regulation of IκBα, and in all the Sjögren's syndrome cases examined, serum IκBα levels were significantly decreased in comparison with controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings clearly demonstrate changes in the levels of IκBα in SS monocytes, suggesting that the attenuated expression of IκBα could contribute to the deregulation of NF-κB pathways in the SS pathogenesis. Decreased expression of IκBα may specifically amplify cytokines production and inflammatory response linked to Sjögren's syndrome.
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Sisto M, Lisi S, Lofrumento DD, Ingravallo G, De Lucro R, D'Amore M. Salivary gland expression level of IκBα regulatory protein in Sjögren's syndrome. J Mol Histol 2013; 44:447-54. [PMID: 23377923 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-013-9487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis and therapeutic strategies in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) might greatly benefit of the present multidisciplinary approach to studying the molecular pathogenesis of the disease. A deregulated inflammatory response has been described in the SS. The research in the last years sheds light on the importance of the NF-κB pathway regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and leukocyte recruitment. These are important contributors to the inflammatory response during the development of SS. In this study we examine the expression of the NF-κB inhibitory protein termed IκBα in salivary glands epithelial cells (SGEC) comparing it with SGEC from healthy controls, to test the hypothesis that an altered expression of IκBα occurs in SGEC from SS biopsies. Real-Time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression level of IκBα was significantly lower in SS with respect to healthy controls leading to an increased NF-κB activity. Our results suggest that the analysis of IκBα expression at salivary gland epithelial cell level could be a potential new hallmark of SS progression and sustain a rationale to more deeply investigate the therapeutic potential of specific NF-κB inhibitors in SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Sisto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Medical School, piazza Giulio Cesare 1, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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Tanaka T, Nakayama H, Yoshitake Y, Irie A, Nagata M, Kawahara K, Takamune Y, Yoshida R, Nakagawa Y, Ogi H, Shinriki S, Ota K, Hiraki A, Ikebe T, Nishimura Y, Shinohara M. Selective inhibition of nuclear factor-κB by nuclear factor-κB essential modulator-binding domain peptide suppresses the metastasis of highly metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:455-63. [PMID: 22136381 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation contributes to the development of metastasis, thus leading to a poor prognosis in many cancers, including OSCC. However, little in vivo experimental data are available about the effects of NF-κB inhibition on OSCC metastasis. OSCC sublines were established from a GFP-expressing parental cell line, GSAS, and designated GSAS/N3 and N5 according to the in vivo passage number after cervical lymph node metastasis by a serial orthotopic transplantation model. In vitro migration and invasion were assessed in these cells, and the NF-κB activities and expression of NF-κB-regulated metastasis-related molecules were also examined. In in vivo experiments, the metastasis and survival of tumor-engrafted mice were monitored. Furthermore, the effects of a selective NF-κB inhibitor, NEMO-binding domain (NBD) peptide, on metastasis in GSAS/N5-engrafted mice were assessed, and engrafted tongue tumors were immunohistochemically examined. Highly metastatic GSAS/N3 and N5 cells showed an enhanced NF-κB activity, thus contributing to increased migration, invasion, and a poor prognosis compared with the parent cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of NF-κB-regulated metastasis-related molecules, such as fibronectin, β1 integrin, MMP-1, -2, -9, and -14, and VEGF-C, were upregulated in the highly metastatic cells. The NBD peptide suppressed metastasis and tongue tumor growth in GSAS/N5-inoculated mice, and was accompanied by the downregulation of the NF-κB-regulated metastasis-related molecules in engrafted tongue tumors. Our results suggest that the selective inhibition of NF-κB activation by NBD peptide may provide an effective approach for the treatment of highly metastatic OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Okamoto H, Kobayashi A. Tyrosine kinases in rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2011; 8:21. [PMID: 21861931 PMCID: PMC3170568 DOI: 10.1186/1476-9255-8-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory, polyarticular joint disease. A number of cellular responses are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, including activation of inflammatory cells and cytokine expression. The cellular responses involved in each of these processes depends on the specific signaling pathways that are activated; many of which include protein tyrosine kinases. These pathways include the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, Janus kinases/signal transducers and activators transcription pathway, spleen tyrosine kinase signaling, and the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells pathway. Many drugs are in development to target tyrosine kinases for the treatment of RA. Based on the number of recently published studies, this manuscript reviews the role of tyrosine kinases in the pathogenesis of RA and the potential role of kinase inhibitors as new therapeutic strategies of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Okamoto
- Minami-Otsuka Institute of Technology, Minami-Otsuka Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
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Wysong A, Couch M, Shadfar S, Li L, Li L, Rodriguez JE, Asher S, Yin X, Gore M, Baldwin A, Patterson C, Willis MS. NF-κB inhibition protects against tumor-induced cardiac atrophy in vivo. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:1059-68. [PMID: 21356358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a severe wasting syndrome characterized by the progressive loss of lean body mass and systemic inflammation. It occurs in approximately 80% of patients with advanced malignancy and is the cause of 20% to 30% of all cancer-related deaths. The mechanism by which striated muscle loss occurs is the tumor release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. These cytokines interact with their cognate receptors on muscle cells to enhance NF-κB signaling, which then mediates muscle loss and significant cardiac dysfunction. Genetic inhibition of NF-κB signaling has demonstrated its predominant role in skeletal muscle loss. Therefore, we tested two novel drugs designed to specifically inhibit NF-κB by targeting the IκB kinase (IKK) complex: Compound A and NEMO binding domain (NBD) peptide. Using an established mouse model of cancer cachexia (C26 adenocarcinoma), we determined how these drugs affected the development of tumor-induced cardiac atrophy and function. Echocardiographic and histological analysis revealed that both Compound A and NBD inhibit cardiac NF-κB activity and prevent the development of tumor-induced systolic dysfunction and atrophy. This protection was independent of any effects of the tumor itself (Compound A) or tumor-secreted cytokines (NBD). This study identifies for the first time, to our knowledge, that drugs targeting the IKK complex are cardioprotective against cancer cachexia-induced cardiac atrophy and systolic dysfunction, suggesting therapies that may help reduce cardiac-associated morbidities found in patients with advanced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Wysong
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Signaling pathways that target I-κB kinase β (IKKβ) activation stimulate the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent genes and are thus believed to primarily promote inflammation and injury in solid organ grafts. METHODS We examined the role of IKKβ in a mouse model of lung transplantation-mediated ischemia-reperfusion injury using NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO)-binding domain (NBD) peptide to pharmacologically inhibit IKK activation. As myeloid cells are primarily responsible for the production of acute inflammatory mediators after lung transplantation, we also investigated the effects of myeloid cell-specific IKKβ gene deletion on acute lung graft injury by transplanting mutant mice. RESULTS When NBD was administered at a dose that partially inhibits IKKβ activation, we observed attenuated lung graft injury and blunted expression of intragraft proinflammatory mediators. Surprisingly, when the dose of NBD was increased to a level that ablates intragraft IKKβ activation, graft inflammation, and injury were significantly worse compared with recipients treated with control peptide. Similar to lung recipients with pharmacologically ablated IKKβ activity, donor-recipient transplant combinations with a myeloid cell-specific IKKβ gene deletion had marked intragraft inflammation and poor lung function. CONCLUSIONS Our data show maintenance of IKKβ activity is critical for promoting graft homeostasis with important implications for targeting NF-κB-dependent signaling pathways for treating acute lung injury.
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Loell I, Lundberg IE. Can muscle regeneration fail in chronic inflammation: a weakness in inflammatory myopathies? J Intern Med 2011; 269:243-57. [PMID: 21205023 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), collectively termed myositis, include three major subgroups: polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. IIMs are characterized clinically by muscle weakness and reduced muscle endurance preferentially affecting the proximal skeletal muscle. In typical cases, inflammatory cell infiltrates and proinflammatory cytokines, alarmins and eicosanoids are present in muscle tissue. Treatment with glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressants results in improved performance, but complete recovery is rarely seen. The mechanisms that cause muscle weakness and reduced muscle endurance are multi-factorial, and different mechanisms predominate in different phases of disease. It is likely that a combination of immune-mediated and nonimmune-mediated mechanisms contributes to clinical muscle symptoms. Immune-mediated mechanisms include immune cell-mediated muscle fibre necrosis as well as direct effects of various cytokines on muscle fibre contractility. Among the nonimmune-mediated mechanisms, an acquired metabolic myopathy and so-called endoplasmic reticulum stress may be important. There is also a possibility of defective repair mechanisms, with an influence of both disease-related factors and glucocorticoid treatment. Several proinflammatory molecules observed in muscle tissue of myositis patients, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-15, tumour necrosis factor, high-mobility group box-1 and eicosanoids, have a role in muscle fibre regeneration, and blocking these molecule may impair muscle repair and recovery. The delicate balance between immunosuppressive treatment to downregulate proinflammatory molecules and an inhibitory effect on muscle fibre regeneration needs to be further understood. This would also be relevant for other chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Loell
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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Peterson JM, Kline W, Canan BD, Ricca DJ, Kaspar B, Delfín DA, DiRienzo K, Clemens PR, Robbins PD, Baldwin AS, Flood P, Kaumaya P, Freitas M, Kornegay JN, Mendell JR, Rafael-Fortney JA, Guttridge DC, Janssen PML. Peptide-based inhibition of NF-κB rescues diaphragm muscle contractile dysfunction in a murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Mol Med 2011; 17:508-15. [PMID: 21267511 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2010.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Deterioration of diaphragm function is one of the prominent factors that contributes to the susceptibility of serious respiratory infections and development of respiratory failure in patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). The NF-κB signaling pathway has been implicated as a contributing factor of dystrophic pathology, making it a potential therapeutic target. Previously, we demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB via a small NEMO Binding Domain (NBD) peptide was beneficial for reducing pathological features of mdx mice. Now, we stringently test the effectiveness and clinical potential of NBD by treating mdx mice with various formulations of NBD and use diaphragm function as our primary outcome criteria. We found that administering DMSO-soluble NBD rescued 78% of the contractile deficit between mdx and wild-type (WT) diaphragm. Interestingly, synthesis of a GLP NBD peptide as an acetate salt permitted its solubility in water, but as a negative consequence, also greatly attenuated functional efficacy. However, replacing the acetic acid counterion of the NBD peptide with trifluoroacetic acid retained the peptide's water solubility and significantly restored mdx diaphragm contractile function and improved histopathological indices of disease in both diaphragm and limb muscle. Together, these results support the feasibility of using a mass-produced, water-soluble NBD peptide for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Peterson
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Peterson JM, Bakkar N, Guttridge DC. NF-κB Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Health and Disease. Curr Top Dev Biol 2011; 96:85-119. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385940-2.00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Vallières M, du Souich P. Modulation of inflammation by chondroitin sulfate. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18 Suppl 1:S1-6. [PMID: 20399900 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To evaluate the immune-modulator effect of chondroitin sulfate (CS) by means of the review of the literature. RESULTS Inflammatory reactions are primarily originated by infectious agents, immune reactions and by sterile tissue lesions that activate membrane receptors by means of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, tissue breakdown products and cytokines. The activation of membrane receptors triggers the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases and of the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). The binding of NF-kappaB to the promoter of target genes enhances the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, phospholipase A2, and matrix metalloproteases, proteins that contribute to tissue damage and to the inflammatory reaction. The activation of NF-kappaB has a key role in the immune homeostasis and the inflammatory response and therefore, in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is able to diminish NF-kappaB activation and nuclear translocation in chondrocytes and synovial membrane, effects that may explain the benefits of CS in osteoarthritis. In addition, systemic CS reduces NF-kappaB nuclear translocation in macrophages and hepatocytes, raising the hypothesis that CS might be of benefit to treat other diseases with a strong inflammatory component. There is preliminary evidence in humans that CS improves moderate to severe psoriasis. Moreover, experimental and clinical data suggest that CS might be a useful therapeutic agent in diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. DISCUSSION These results urge for double blinded placebo-controlled trials to confirm the utility of CS in diseases with immune and inflammatory components.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vallières
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Marcu KB, Otero M, Olivotto E, Borzi RM, Goldring MB. NF-kappaB signaling: multiple angles to target OA. Curr Drug Targets 2010; 11:599-613. [PMID: 20199390 PMCID: PMC3076145 DOI: 10.2174/138945010791011938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the context of OA disease, NF-kappaB transcription factors can be triggered by a host of stress-related stimuli including pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessive mechanical stress and ECM degradation products. Activated NF-kappaB regulates the expression of many cytokines and chemokines, adhesion molecules, inflammatory mediators, and several matrix degrading enzymes. NF-kappaB also influences the regulated accumulation and remodeling of ECM proteins and has indirect positive effects on downstream regulators of terminal chondrocyte differentiation (including beta-catenin and Runx2). Although driven partly by pro-inflammatory and stress-related factors, OA pathogenesis also involves a "loss of maturational arrest" that inappropriately pushes chondrocytes towards a more differentiated, hypertrophic-like state. Growing evidence points to NF-kappaB signaling as not only playing a central role in the pro-inflammatory stress-related responses of chondrocytes to extra- and intra-cellular insults, but also in the control of their differentiation program. Thus unlike other signaling pathways the NF-kappaB activating kinases are potential therapeutic OA targets for multiple reasons. Targeted strategies to prevent unwanted NF-kappaB activation in this context, which do not cause side effects on other proteins or signaling pathways, need to be focused on the use of highly specific drug modalities, siRNAs or other biological inhibitors that are targeted to the activating NF-kappaB kinases IKKalpha or IKKbeta or specific activating canonical NF-kappaB subunits. However, work remains in its infancy to evaluate the effects of efficacious, targeted NF-kappaB inhibitors in animal models of OA disease in vivo and to also target these strategies only to affected cartilage and joints to avoid other undesirable systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B. Marcu
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Miguel Otero
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Caspary Research Building, 535 E. 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Eleonora Olivotto
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Borzi
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mary B. Goldring
- Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Caspary Research Building, 535 E. 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Wendling D, Prati C, Toussirot É, Herbein G. Targeting intracellular signaling pathways to treat rheumatoid arthritis: Pandora's box? Joint Bone Spine 2010; 77:96-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Khaja K, Robbins P. Comparison of Functional Protein Transduction Domains Using the NEMO Binding Domain Peptide. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2010; 3:110-124. [PMID: 27713244 PMCID: PMC3991022 DOI: 10.3390/ph3010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein transduction domains (PTDs), both naturally occurring and synthetic, have been extensively utilized for intracellular delivery of biologically active molecules both in vitro and in vivo. However, most comparisons of transduction efficiency have been performed using fluorescent markers. To compare efficiency of functional protein transduction, a peptide derived from IκB kinase ß (IKKß) that prevents formation of an active IKK complex was used as a biologically active cargo. This peptide, termed NEMO Binding Domain (NBD), is able to block activation of the transcriptional factor NF-κB by IKK, but not basal NF-κB activity. Our results demonstrate that Antp and Tat PTDs were most effective for delivery of NBD for inhibition of NF-κB activation compared to other PTD-NBD in both Hela and 293 cells, however, at higher concentrations (100 µM), the Antp-NBD as well as the FGF-NBD peptide caused significant cellular toxicity. In contrast to the cell culture results, delivery of NBD using 8K (octalysine) and 6R (six arginine) were the most effect in blocking inflammation following local, footpad delivery in a KLH-induced DTH murine model of inflammatory arthritis. These results demonstrate differences between PTDs for delivery of a functional cargo between cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleel Khaja
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Paul Robbins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Okamoto H, Yoshio T, Kaneko H, Yamanaka H. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling by fasudil as a potential therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:82-92. [DOI: 10.1002/art.25063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mavers M, Ruderman EM, Perlman H. Intracellular signal pathways: potential for therapies. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2009; 11:378-85. [PMID: 19772834 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-009-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drawbacks to current therapies for rheumatoid arthritis and the high cost of many of these drugs have lead to the investigation of novel approaches for treatment of this disease. One such tactic is the targeting of proteins involved in intracellular signal transduction. Inhibitors of p38 kinase have largely failed in clinical trials, due to both lack of efficacy and adverse events. The degree of adverse events may reflect off-target effects or, conversely, may be a mechanism-related event subsequent to successful inhibition of p38. Drugs targeting Janus kinases or spleen tyrosine kinase have shown greater success in clinical trials. A thorough analysis of specificity, as well as publication of both positive and negative results, must be the goal of continuing trials of these and other inhibitors of signal transduction molecules. The success of many clinical trials in this novel class of drugs provides optimism that more cost-effective and improved therapies will soon be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Mavers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, McGaw Pavilion, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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45
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Prospective new biological therapies for rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2009; 9:102-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Park SY, Park GY, Ko WS, Kim Y. Dichroa febrifuga Lour. inhibits the production of IL-1beta and IL-6 through blocking NF-kappaB, MAPK and Akt activation in macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 125:246-251. [PMID: 19607899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The roots of Dichroa febrifuga Lour. have been used as a traditional antimalarial drug and also used in the treatment of productive cough and unstable fever caused by infection in China and Korea. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism of aqueous extract of Dichroa febrifuga (AEDF) in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of AEDF on proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1beta and IL-6) production was analyzed by ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. The effects of AEDF on NF-kappaB/IkappaB-alpha/IKK were measured by reporter assay (in RAW 264.7 cells), EMSA, Western blotting and kinase assay. The effects of AEDF on Akt and MAPKs activity were assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS AEDF inhibited the production of IL-1beta and IL-6, NF-kappaB activation, IkappaB-alpha degradation, and IKK, Akt, ERK1/2 and JNK activities in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AEDF inhibits proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1beta and IL-6) production in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, and that these effects are mediated by the inhibition of the activity of IKK/IkappaB/NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and JNK. Our results provide a molecular basis for understanding the inhibitory effects of Dichroa febrifuga roots on endotoxin-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Jangjeon-dong, Keumjeong-gu, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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Bidwell GL, Raucher D. Therapeutic peptides for cancer therapy. Part I – peptide inhibitors of signal transduction cascades. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:1033-47. [DOI: 10.1517/17425240903143745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily conserved host reaction that is initiated in response to trauma, tissue damage and infection. It leads to changes in tissue homeostasis and blood flow, immune-cell activation and migration, and secretion of cytokines and mediators in a spatio-temporally coordinated manner. Progress in understanding of the mechanisms of the inflammatory response has identified various protein kinases that act as essential signalling components and therefore represent potential therapeutic targets. This article summarizes advances in the identification and validation of such targets, and discusses key issues for the development of small-molecule kinase inhibitors as a new generation of oral anti-inflammatory drugs, including feedback loops, inhibitor specificity and combination therapy.
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du Souich P, García AG, Vergés J, Montell E. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of chondroitin sulphate. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13:1451-63. [PMID: 19522843 PMCID: PMC3828858 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00826.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulphate (CS) is a natural glycosaminoglycan present in the extracellular matrix and is formed by the 1–3 linkage of D-glucuronic acid to N-acetylgalactosamine. In chondrocytes, CS diminishes interleukin-1 p (IL-1p)-induced increases in p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) phosphorylation, and decreases nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) nuclear translocation and as a consequence, reduces the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1 p and TNF-a, and pro-inflammatory enzymes, such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2). The mechanism of action of CS explains its beneficial effect on the cartilage, synovial membrane and subchondral bone. On the other hand, in vivo, CS given orally prevents hepatic NF-κB nuclear translocation, suggesting that systemic CS may elicit an anti-inflammatory effect in many tissues besides the articulation. There is preliminary evidence showing that in human beings, CS may be of benefit in other diseases where inflammation is an essential marker, such as psoriasis and atherosclerosis. The review of the literature suggest that CS might also be of interest for the treatment of other diseases with an inflammatory and/or autoimmune character, such as inflammatory bowel disease, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system and stroke, multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick du Souich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Hovius JWR, Bijlsma MF, van der Windt GJW, Wiersinga WJ, Boukens BJD, Coumou J, Oei A, de Beer R, de Vos AF, van 't Veer C, van Dam AP, Wang P, Fikrig E, Levi MM, Roelofs JJTH, van der Poll T. The urokinase receptor (uPAR) facilitates clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000447. [PMID: 19461880 PMCID: PMC2678258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi, has been shown to induce expression of the urokinase
receptor (uPAR); however, the role of uPAR in the immune response against
Borrelia has never been investigated. uPAR not only acts as
a proteinase receptor, but can also, dependently or independently of ligation to
uPA, directly affect leukocyte function. We here demonstrate that uPAR is
upregulated on murine and human leukocytes upon exposure to B.
burgdorferi both in vitro as well as in vivo. Notably, B.
burgdorferi-inoculated C57BL/6 uPAR knock-out mice harbored
significantly higher Borrelia numbers compared to WT controls.
This was associated with impaired phagocytotic capacity of B.
burgdorferi by uPAR knock-out leukocytes in vitro. B.
burgdorferi numbers in vivo, and phagocytotic capacity in vitro,
were unaltered in uPA, tPA (low fibrinolytic activity) and PAI-1 (high
fibrinolytic activity) knock-out mice compared to WT controls. Strikingly, in
uPAR knock-out mice partially backcrossed to a B. burgdorferi
susceptible C3H/HeN background, higher B. burgdorferi numbers
were associated with more severe carditis and increased local TLR2 and
IL-1β mRNA expression. In conclusion, in B. burgdorferi
infection, uPAR is required for phagocytosis and adequate eradication of the
spirochete from the heart by a mechanism that is independent of binding of uPAR
to uPA or its role in the fibrinolytic system. Lyme borreliosis is caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi and is transmitted through ticks. Since its discovery
approximately 30 years ago it has become the most important vector-borne disease
in the Western world. The pathogenesis of this complex zoonosis is still not
entirely understood. We here demonstrate that the urokinase receptor (uPAR) is
upregulated in mice and humans upon exposure to B. burgdorferi
in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we describe the function of uPAR in the
immune response against the spirochete; using uPAR knock-out mice, we show that
uPAR plays an important role in phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi
by leukocytes both in vitro as well as in vivo. In addition, we show that the
mechanism by which uPAR is involved in the phagocytosis of B.
burgdorferi is independent of ligation to its natural ligand uPA or
uPAR's role in fibrinolysis. Our study contributes to the understanding
of the pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis and might contribute to the development
of innovative novel treatment strategies for Lyme borreliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joppe W R Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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