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Civil Y, Jonker L, Groot Koerkamp M, de Vries R, Oei A, Duvivier K, Slotman B, van der Velde S, van den Bongard D. Preoperative partial breast irradiation in low-risk breast cancer patients: a systematic review of literature. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mason LMK, Koetsveld J, Trentelman JJA, Kaptein TM, Hoornstra D, Wagemakers A, Fikrig MM, Ersoz JI, Oei A, Geijtenbeek TBH, Hovius JWR. Borrelia miyamotoi Activates Human Dendritic Cells and Elicits T Cell Responses. J Immunol 2019; 204:386-393. [PMID: 31818980 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi has recently been shown to cause relapsing fever. Like the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, B. miyamotoi is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks; however, little is known about the response of the immune system upon infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the early immune response against B. burgdorferi We investigated the response of DCs to two different strains of B. miyamotoi using in vitro and ex vivo models and compared this to the response elicited by B. burgdorferi. Our findings show that B. miyamotoi is phagocytosed by monocyte-derived DCs, causing upregulation of activation markers and production of proinflammatory cytokines in a similar manner to B. burgdorferi. Recognition of B. miyamotoi was demonstrated to be partially mediated by TLR2. DCs migrated out of human skin explants upon inoculation of the skin with B. miyamotoi. Finally, we showed that B. miyamotoi-stimulated DCs induced proliferation of naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to a larger extent than B. burgdorferi. In conclusion, we show in this study that DCs respond to and mount an immune response against B. miyamotoi that is similar to the response to B. burgdorferi and is able to induce T cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M K Mason
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands;
| | - Joris Koetsveld
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos J A Trentelman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja M Kaptein
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dieuwertje Hoornstra
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alex Wagemakers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle M Fikrig
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jasmin I Ersoz
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Oei
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joppe W R Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Multidisciplinary Lyme Borreliosis Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Mason LMK, Coumou J, Ersöz JI, Oei A, Roelofs JJTH, Vogl T, van der Poll T, Hovius JWR. MRP8/14 does not contribute to dissemination or inflammation in a murine model of Lyme borreliosis. Immunobiology 2018; 223:694-698. [PMID: 30056999 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-related protein (MRP)8 and MRP14 form a complex (MRP8/14) that is released by activated neutrophils and monocytes during infection. MRP8/14 has been shown to have bacteriostatic activity in vitro against Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete that causes Lyme borreliosis. Furthermore, levels of MRP8/14 have been shown to be elevated in the joints of patients with Lyme arthritis. We hypothesized that MRP8/14 has a protective effect during B. burgdorferi infection. To determine the role of MRP8/14 in the immune response to B. burgdorferi, we studied the course of B. burgdorferi infection in wildtype (wt) and mrp14-/- mice. In addition, we studied the response of leukocytes from mice lacking MRP8/14 to B. burgdorferi ex vivo. We demonstrated similar levels of B. burgdorferi dissemination, cytokine and immunoglobulin production in infected wt and mrp14-/- mice after 21 days. Neutrophils and monocytes lacking MRP8/14 were undiminished in their ability to become activated or phagocytose B. burgdorferi. In conclusion, we did not find a central role of MRP8/14 in the immune response against B. burgdorferi. As the levels of MRP8/14 in the serum of infected mice were low, we speculate that MRP8/14 is not released in levels great enough to influence the course of B. burgdorferi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M K Mason
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen Coumou
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin I Ersöz
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Oei
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joppe W R Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Koetsveld J, Kolyasnikova N, Wagemakers A, Toporkova M, Sarksyan D, Oei A, Platonov A, Hovius J. Development and optimization of an in vitro cultivation protocol allows for isolation of Borrelia miyamotoi from patients with hard tick-borne relapsing fever. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:480-484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mason LMK, Wagemakers A, van ‘t Veer C, Oei A, van der Pot WJ, Ahmed K, van der Poll T, Geijtenbeek TBH, Hovius JWR. Borrelia burgdorferi Induces TLR2-Mediated Migration of Activated Dendritic Cells in an Ex Vivo Human Skin Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164040. [PMID: 27695100 PMCID: PMC5047638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted into the skin of the host where it encounters and interacts with two dendritic cell (DC) subsets; Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal DCs (DDCs). These cells recognize pathogens via pattern recognition receptors, mature and migrate out of the skin into draining lymph nodes, where they orchestrate adaptive immune responses. In order to investigate the response of skin DCs during the early immunopathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis, we injected B. burgdorferi intradermally into full-thickness human skin and studied the migration of DCs out of the skin, the activation profile and phenotype of migrated cells. We found a significant increase in the migration of LCs and DDCs in response to B. burgdorferi. Notably, migration was prevented by blocking TLR2. DCs migrated from skin inoculated with higher numbers of spirochetes expressed significantly higher levels of CD83 and produced pro-inflammatory cytokines. No difference was observed in the expression of HLA-DR, CD86, CD38, or CCR7. To conclude, we have established an ex vivo human skin model to study DC-B. burgdorferi interactions. Using this model, we have demonstrated that B. burgdorferi-induced DC migration is mediated by TLR2. Our findings underscore the utility of this model as a valuable tool to study immunity to spirochetal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. K. Mason
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Alex Wagemakers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis van ‘t Veer
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Oei
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kalam Ahmed
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kennemer Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Joppe W. R. Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Recke A, Oei A, Hübner F, Fechner K, Graf J, Hagenah J, May C, Woitalla D, Salmen A, Zillikens D, Gold R, Schlumberger W, Schmidt E. Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis are not associated with autoantibodies against structural proteins of the dermal-epidermal junction. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:407-9. [PMID: 26972435 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Recke
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - A Oei
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - F Hübner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - K Fechner
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Euroimmun Inc., Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Graf
- Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Hagenah
- Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - C May
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - D Woitalla
- Department of Neurology, Katholische Kliniken Ruhrhalbinsel GmbH, Essen, Germany
| | - A Salmen
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - R Gold
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - W Schlumberger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Euroimmun Inc., Lübeck, Germany
| | - E Schmidt
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Wagemakers A, Coumou J, Schuijt TJ, Oei A, Nijhof AM, van 't Veer C, van der Poll T, Bins AD, Hovius JWR. An Ixodes ricinus Tick Salivary Lectin Pathway Inhibitor Protects Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from Human Complement. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:223-8. [PMID: 26901751 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously identified tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor (TSLPI) in Ixodes scapularis, a vector for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) in North America. TSLPI is a salivary protein facilitating B. burgdorferi s.s. transmission and acquisition by inhibiting the host lectin complement pathway through interference with mannose binding lectin (MBL) activity. Since Ixodes ricinus is the predominant vector for Lyme borreliosis in Europe and transmits several complement sensitive B. burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) strains, we aimed to identify, describe, and characterize the I. ricinus ortholog of TSLPI. METHODS We performed (q)PCRs on I. ricinus salivary gland cDNA to identify a TSLPI ortholog. Next, we generated recombinant (r)TSLPI in a Drosophila expression system and examined inhibition of the MBL complement pathway and complement-mediated killing of B. burgdorferi s.l. in vitro. RESULTS We identified a TSLPI ortholog in I. ricinus salivary glands with 93% homology at the RNA and 89% at the protein level compared to I. scapularis TSLPI, which was upregulated during tick feeding. In silico analysis revealed that TSLPI appears to be part of a larger family of Ixodes salivary proteins among which I. persulcatus basic tail salivary proteins and I. scapularis TSLPI and Salp14. I. ricinus rTSLPI inhibited the MBL complement pathway and protected B. burgdorferi s.s. and Borrelia garinii from complement-mediated killing. CONCLUSION We have identified a TSLPI ortholog, which protects B. burgdorferi s.l. from complement-mediated killing in I. ricinus, the major vector for tick-borne diseases in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Wagemakers
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Coumou
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim J Schuijt
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Oei
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ard M Nijhof
- 3 Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine , Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelis van 't Veer
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan D Bins
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joppe W R Hovius
- 1 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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van Duijvendijk G, Coipan C, Wagemakers A, Fonville M, Ersöz J, Oei A, Földvári G, Hovius J, Takken W, Sprong H. Larvae of Ixodes ricinus transmit Borrelia afzelii and B. miyamotoi to vertebrate hosts. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:97. [PMID: 26896940 PMCID: PMC4761128 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne human disease and is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.). Borrelia miyamotoi, a relapsing fever spirochaete, is transmitted transovarially, whereas this has not been shown for B. burgdorferi (s.l). Therefore, B. burgdorferi (s.l) is considered to cycle from nymphs to larvae through vertebrates. Larvae of Ixodes ricinus are occasionally B. burgdorferi (s.l) infected, but their vector competence has never been studied. Methods We challenged 20 laboratory mice with field-collected larvae of I. ricinus. A subset of these larvae was analysed for infections with B. burgdorferi (s.l) and B. miyamotoi. After three to four challenges, mice were sacrificed and skin and spleen samples were analysed for infection by PCR and culture. Results Field-collected larvae were naturally infected with B. burgdorferi (s.l) (0.62 %) and B. miyamotoi (2.0 %). Two mice acquired a B. afzelii infection and four mice acquired a B. miyamotoi infection during the larval challenges. Conclusion We showed that larvae of I. ricinus transmit B. afzelii and B. miyamotoi to rodents and calculated that rodents have a considerable chance of acquiring infections from larvae compared to nymphs. As a result, B. afzelii can cycle between larvae through rodents. Our findings further imply that larval bites on humans, which easily go unnoticed, can cause Lyme borreliosis and Borrelia miyamotoi disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilian van Duijvendijk
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, PO box 16, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Claudia Coipan
- Laboratory for Zoonosis and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Alex Wagemakers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Manoj Fonville
- Laboratory for Zoonosis and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jasmin Ersöz
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anneke Oei
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gábor Földvári
- Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, SzentIstvan University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Joppe Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem Takken
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, PO box 16, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hein Sprong
- Laboratory for Zoonosis and Environmental Microbiology, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Coumou J, Narasimhan S, Trentelman JJ, Wagemakers A, Koetsveld J, Ersoz JI, Oei A, Fikrig E, Hovius JW. Ixodes scapularis dystroglycan-like protein promotes Borrelia burgdorferi migration from the gut. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 94:361-70. [PMID: 26594018 PMCID: PMC4803822 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, Borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted by Ixodes ticks. During tick feeding, B. burgdorferi migrates from the tick gut to the salivary glands from where transmission to the host occurs. B. burgdorferi-interacting tick proteins might serve as vaccine targets to thwart B. burgdorferi transmission. A previous screening for B. burgdorferi-interacting Ixodes scapularis gut proteins identified an I. scapularis putative dystroglycan protein (ISCW015049). Here, we describe the ISCW015049’s protein structure and its cellular location in the tick gut in relation to B. burgdorferi migration. Secondly, in vivo B. burgdorferi–tick attachment murine models were performed to study the role of ISCW015049 during B. burgdorferi migration and transmission. In silico analysis confirmed that ISCW015049 is similar to dystroglycan and was named I. scapularis dystroglycan-like protein (ISDLP). Confocal microscopy of gut tissue showed that ISDLP is expressed on the surface of gut cells, is upregulated during tick feeding, and is expressed significantly higher in infected ticks compared to uninfected ticks. Inhibition of ISDLP by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in lower B. burgdorferi transmission to mice. In conclusion, we have identified a dystroglycan-like protein in I. scapularis gut that can bind to B. burgdorferi and promotes B. burgdorferi migration from the tick gut. Key messages B. burgdorferi exploits tick proteins to orchestrate its transmission to the host. B. burgdorferi is able bind to an I. scapularis dystroglycan-like protein (ISDLP). Inhibition of ISDLP in ticks results in lower B. burgdorferi transmission to mice. ISDLP is a potential target to prevent Lyme borreliosis.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00109-015-1365-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Coumou
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sukanya Narasimhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jos J Trentelman
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Wagemakers
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Koetsveld
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin I Ersoz
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Oei
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joppe W Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mason LM, Herkes EA, Krupna-Gaylord MA, Oei A, Poll TVD, Wormser GP, Schwartz I, Petzke MM, Hovius JW. Borrelia burgdorferi clinical isolates induce human innate immune responses that are not dependent on genotype. Immunobiology 2015; 220:1141-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wagemakers A, Oei A, Fikrig MM, Miellet WR, Hovius JW. The relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi is cultivable in a modified Kelly-Pettenkofer medium, and is resistant to human complement. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:418. [PMID: 25189195 PMCID: PMC4261524 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borrelia miyamotoi is a relapsing fever spirochete found in Ixodes ticks in North America, Europe, and Asia, and has recently been found to be invasive in humans. Cultivation of this spirochete has not yet been described, but is important for patient diagnostics and scientific purposes. Host specificity of Borrelia species is dependent on resistance to host complement (serum resistance), and since B. miyamotoi has been identified as a human pathogen we were interested whether B. miyamotoi is resistant to human complement. METHODS We inoculated B. miyamotoi strains LB-2001 and HT31 in modified-Kelly-Pettenkofer medium with 10% fetal calf serum (MKP-F), and used standard non-laborious Borrelia culture methods to culture the spirochetes. Next, we assessed serum sensitivity by a direct killing assay and a growth inhibition assay. RESULTS We were able to passage B. miyamotoi over 10 times using a standard culture method in MKP-F medium, and found B. miyamotoi to be resistant to human complement. In contrast to B. miyamotoi, Borrelia anserina--a relapsing fever spirochete unrelated to human infection--was serum sensitive. CONCLUSIONS Using a variation on MKP medium we were able to culture B. miyamotoi, opening the door to in vitro research into this spirochete. In addition, we describe that B. miyamotoi is resistant to human complement, which might play an important role in pathogenesis. We have also found B. anserina to be sensitive to human complement, which might explain why it is not related to human infection. Summarizing, we describe a novel culture method for B. miyamotoi and show it is resistant to human complement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joppe W Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Oei A, Kok M, Karakus A, Endeman H. Tissue oxygenation in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4068230 DOI: 10.1186/cc13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hovius JWR, de Wever B, Sohne M, Brouwer MC, Coumou J, Wagemakers A, Oei A, Knol H, Narasimhan S, Hodiamont CJ, Jahfari S, Pals ST, Horlings HM, Fikrig E, Sprong H, van Oers MHJ. A case of meningoencephalitis by the relapsing fever spirochaete Borrelia miyamotoi in Europe. Lancet 2013; 382:658. [PMID: 23953389 PMCID: PMC3987849 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joppe W R Hovius
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Heinsbroek SE, Oei A, Roelofs JJTH, Dhawan S, te Velde A, Gordon S, de Jonge WJ. Genetic deletion of dectin-1 does not affect the course of murine experimental colitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2012; 12:33. [PMID: 22507600 PMCID: PMC3353241 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-12-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is believed that inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from an imbalance in the intestinal immune response towards the luminal microbiome. Dectin-1 is a widely expressed pattern recognition receptor that recognizes fungi and upon recognition it mediates cytokine responses and skewing of the adaptive immune system. Hence, dectin-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods We assessed the responses of dectin-1 deficient macrophages to the intestinal microbiota and determined the course of acute DSS and chronic Helicobacter hepaticus induced colitis in dectin-1 deficient mice. Results We show that the mouse intestinal microbiota contains fungi and the cytokine responses towards this microbiota were significantly reduced in dectin-1 deficient macrophages. However, in two different colitis models no significant differences in the course of inflammation were found in dectin-1 deficient mice compared to wild type mice. Conclusions Together our data suggest that, although at the immune cell level there is a difference in response towards the intestinal flora in dectin-1 deficient macrophages, during intestinal inflammation this response seems to be redundant since dectin-1 deficiency in mice does not affect intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Em Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Schuijt TJ, Coumou J, Narasimhan S, Dai J, Deponte K, Wouters D, Brouwer M, Oei A, Roelofs JJTH, van Dam AP, van der Poll T, Van't Veer C, Hovius JW, Fikrig E. A tick mannose-binding lectin inhibitor interferes with the vertebrate complement cascade to enhance transmission of the lyme disease agent. Cell Host Microbe 2011; 10:136-46. [PMID: 21843870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi is primarily transmitted to vertebrates by Ixodes ticks. The classical and alternative complement pathways are important in Borrelia eradication by the vertebrate host. We recently identified a tick salivary protein, designated P8, which reduced complement-mediated killing of Borrelia. We now discover that P8 interferes with the human lectin complement cascade, resulting in impaired neutrophil phagocytosis and chemotaxis and diminished Borrelia lysis. Therefore, P8 was renamed the tick salivary lectin pathway inhibitor (TSLPI). TSLPI-silenced ticks, or ticks exposed to TSLPI-immune mice, were hampered in Borrelia transmission. Moreover, Borrelia acquisition and persistence in tick midguts was impaired in ticks feeding on TSLPI-immunized, B. burgdorferi-infected mice. Together, our findings suggest an essential role for the lectin complement cascade in Borrelia eradication and demonstrate how a vector-borne pathogen co-opts a vector protein to facilitate early mammalian infection and vector colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim J Schuijt
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06420, USA.
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17
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Hovius JWR, Bijlsma MF, van der Windt GJW, Wiersinga WJ, Boukens BJD, Coumou J, Oei A, de Beer R, de Vos AF, van 't Veer C, van Dam AP, Wang P, Fikrig E, Levi MM, Roelofs JJTH, van der Poll T. The urokinase receptor (uPAR) facilitates clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000447. [PMID: 19461880 PMCID: PMC2678258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi, has been shown to induce expression of the urokinase
receptor (uPAR); however, the role of uPAR in the immune response against
Borrelia has never been investigated. uPAR not only acts as
a proteinase receptor, but can also, dependently or independently of ligation to
uPA, directly affect leukocyte function. We here demonstrate that uPAR is
upregulated on murine and human leukocytes upon exposure to B.
burgdorferi both in vitro as well as in vivo. Notably, B.
burgdorferi-inoculated C57BL/6 uPAR knock-out mice harbored
significantly higher Borrelia numbers compared to WT controls.
This was associated with impaired phagocytotic capacity of B.
burgdorferi by uPAR knock-out leukocytes in vitro. B.
burgdorferi numbers in vivo, and phagocytotic capacity in vitro,
were unaltered in uPA, tPA (low fibrinolytic activity) and PAI-1 (high
fibrinolytic activity) knock-out mice compared to WT controls. Strikingly, in
uPAR knock-out mice partially backcrossed to a B. burgdorferi
susceptible C3H/HeN background, higher B. burgdorferi numbers
were associated with more severe carditis and increased local TLR2 and
IL-1β mRNA expression. In conclusion, in B. burgdorferi
infection, uPAR is required for phagocytosis and adequate eradication of the
spirochete from the heart by a mechanism that is independent of binding of uPAR
to uPA or its role in the fibrinolytic system. Lyme borreliosis is caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi and is transmitted through ticks. Since its discovery
approximately 30 years ago it has become the most important vector-borne disease
in the Western world. The pathogenesis of this complex zoonosis is still not
entirely understood. We here demonstrate that the urokinase receptor (uPAR) is
upregulated in mice and humans upon exposure to B. burgdorferi
in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we describe the function of uPAR in the
immune response against the spirochete; using uPAR knock-out mice, we show that
uPAR plays an important role in phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi
by leukocytes both in vitro as well as in vivo. In addition, we show that the
mechanism by which uPAR is involved in the phagocytosis of B.
burgdorferi is independent of ligation to its natural ligand uPA or
uPAR's role in fibrinolysis. Our study contributes to the understanding
of the pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis and might contribute to the development
of innovative novel treatment strategies for Lyme borreliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joppe W R Hovius
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Mortelé KJ, Oei A, Bauters W, Timmermans F, Cuvelier C, Kunnen M, Ros PR. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of pancreatic VIPoma in a patient with Verner-Morrison syndrome. Eur Radiol 2002; 11:1952-5. [PMID: 11702127 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2000] [Accepted: 12/07/2000] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We describe a rare case of a pancreatic VIPoma diagnosed in a patient presenting with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria, the so-called WDHA or Verner-Morrison syndrome. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR profile of the tumor, characteristics which have not been illustrated previously, to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Mortelé
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Gent, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Oei A, Lemmerling M, Mortelé K, Vandekerckhove T, Praet M, Kunnen M. Skull base granuloma: an unusual location of idiopathic midline destructive disease. Eur Radiol 2002; 11:1076-8. [PMID: 11419157 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A rare case of idiopathic midline destructive disease is presented, which is an entity of the so-called midline granuloma syndrome. Differentiation from other granulomas, especially from Wegener's granulomatosis, is important. This report shows the MR findings in a patient with atypical clinical presentation of histopathologically proven idiopathic midline destructive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oei
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Hovius JW, Hovius KE, Oei A, Houwers DJ, van Dam AP. Antibodies against specific proteins of and immobilizing activity against three strains of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato can be found in symptomatic but not in infected asymptomatic dogs. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:2611-21. [PMID: 10878052 PMCID: PMC86979 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.7.2611-2621.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In an area where Lyme disease is endemic in The Netherlands all dogs had positive titers by whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and appeared to be naturally infected by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. To compare the antibody responses of symptomatic dogs and asymptomatic controls, we performed Western blots and in vitro immobilization assays to study antibody-dependent bactericidal activity. Strains from three different genospecies were employed as the antigen source: B. burgdorferi strain B31, Borrelia garinii strain A87S, and Borrelia afzelii strain pKo. Antibodies against flagellin (p41) and p39 for three strains were found in sera from both symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs and were therefore considered to be markers of exposure. Antibodies against p56 and p30 of strain B31, against p75, p58, p50, OspC, and p<19 of strain A87S, and against p56, p54, p45, OspB, p31, p26, and p<19 of strain pKo were found significantly more frequently in sera from symptomatic dogs younger than 8 years when the first symptoms were observed than in those from age-matched controls (P<0.01). These antibodies were not found in preclinical sera and appeared during development of disease. Antibodies against OspA of strains B31 and A87S were only seen in acute-phase and convalescent sera from three dogs that recovered from disease. Incubation with 25% normal canine serum did not result in the immobilization of strains B31 and pKo, but partial immobilization of strain A87S (61%+/-24% [standard deviation] at 5 h) occurred. Seven of 15 sera from symptomatic dogs but none of the sera from 11 asymptomatic dogs had antibody-dependent immobilizing activity against one of the strains. Consecutive sera from one of these dogs immobilized two different strains. Antibody-mediated bactericidal serum was not seen before onset of disease, was strongest in the acute phase of disease, and fluctuated during chronic disease. From seven out of eight symptomatic dogs Borrelia DNA was amplified by PCR; in three of them the bactericidal activity was directed against one of the genospecies amplified from that dog; however, four PCR-positive dogs lacked bactericidal activity. In conclusion, dogs with symptomatic canine borreliosis have more-extensive antibody reactivity against Borrelia, as shown by both Western blotting and immobilization assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Hovius
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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21
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van Dam AP, Oei A, Jaspars R, Fijen C, Wilske B, Spanjaard L, Dankert J. Complement-mediated serum sensitivity among spirochetes that cause Lyme disease. Infect Immun 1997; 65:1228-36. [PMID: 9119456 PMCID: PMC175122 DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.4.1228-1236.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi-related isolates were tested for their sensitivity to normal human serum (NHS) and their ability to activate complement. By dark-field microscopy, electron microscopy, and subsurface plating, it was shown that exposure of a Borrelia garinii isolate to 10% or more NHS resulted in immobilization, blebbing, and killing of the spirochetes. These effects were mediated by complement, since they were not seen after heat treatment of NHS, in the presence of EDTA, or in an agammaglobulinemic serum. All seven B. garinii type 5 or 6 and all four VS116/M19 strains were serum sensitive, whereas all eight Borrelia afzelii, five of eight B. garinii type 4, and three of seven B. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolates were serum resistant. The other isolates were partially serum sensitive. Four serum-sensitive B. garinii isolates had been isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid. Most likely, activation of both the alternative pathway and the classical pathway of complement was involved, since bactericidal activity was diminished in properdin-deficient sera as well as in a C1q-depleted serum and in a C4-deficient serum. Bactericidal activity could be restored when a serum lacking C1q or C4 was mixed with a properdin-deficient serum. Isolates with various genetic backgrounds were equally able to activate C3 as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the presence of Mg-EGTA, C3 was activated by all isolates after exposure to > or = 10% NHS. This study shows that B. burgdorferi-related spirochetes can be either serum sensitive or serum resistant in vitro and that this characteristic is associated with their genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P van Dam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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