1
|
Unger F, Eisenberg T, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Leidner U, Semmler T, Ewers C. Phenotypic and Genomic Characterization of ESBL- and AmpC-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolates from Imported Healthy Reptiles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:1230. [PMID: 39766620 PMCID: PMC11726957 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13121230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 12/06/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Reptiles are known reservoirs for members of the Enterobacterales. We investigated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, the diversity of extended-spectrum-/AmpC-β-lactamases (ESBL/AmpC) genes and the genomic organization of the ESBL/AmpC producers. METHODS A total of 92 shipments with 184 feces, skin, and urinate samples of live healthy reptiles were obtained during border inspections at Europe's most important airport for animal trade and screened for AMR bacteria by culture, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) of selected isolates. RESULTS In total, 668 Enterobacterales isolates with phenotypic evidence for extended-spectrum-/AmpC-β-lactamases (ESBL/AmpC) were obtained, from which Klebsiella (n = 181), Citrobacter (n = 131), Escherichia coli (n = 116), Salmonella (n = 69), and Enterobacter (n = 52) represented the most common groups (other genera (n = 119)). Seventy-nine isolates grew also on cefotaxime agar and were confirmed as ESBL (n = 39) or AmpC (n = 39) producers based on WGS data with respective genes localized on chromosomes or plasmids. Isolates of E. coli contained the most diverse set of ESBL genes (n = 29), followed by Klebsiella (n = 9), Citrobacter, and Enterobacter (each n = 1). Contrarily, AmpC genes were detected in E. coli and Citrobacter (n = 13 each), followed by Enterobacter (n = 12) and Klebsiella (n = 4). Isolates of Salmonella with ESBL/AmpC genes were not found, but all genera contained a variety of additional AMR phenotypes and/or genotypes. MLST revealed 36, 13, 10, and nine different STs in E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Enterobacter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A significant fraction of the studied Enterobacterales isolates possessed acquired AMR genes, including some high-risk clones. All isolates were obtained from selective media and also wild-caught animals carried many AMR genes. Assignment of AMR to harvesting modes was not possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Unger
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | | | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | - Ursula Leidner
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| | - Torsten Semmler
- Genome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (F.U.); (E.P.-B.); (U.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Davati N, Ghorbani A. Comparison of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in a gram-positive and a gram-negative bacterium by gene networks analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0311434. [PMID: 39546505 PMCID: PMC11567557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the emergence of some microbial species resistant to antibiotics, both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, is due to changes in molecular activities, biological processes and their cellular structure in order to survive. The aim of the gene network analysis for the drug-resistant Enterococcus faecium as gram-positive and Salmonella Typhimurium as gram-negative bacteria was to gain insights into the important interactions between hub genes involved in key molecular pathways associated with cellular adaptations and the comparison of survival mechanisms of these two bacteria exposed to ciprofloxacin. To identify the gene clusters and hub genes, the gene networks in drug-resistant E. faecium and S. Typhimurium were analyzed using Cytoscape. Subsequently, the putative regulatory elements were found by examining the promoter regions of the hub genes and their gene ontology (GO) was determined. In addition, the interaction between milRNAs and up-regulated genes was predicted. RcsC and D920_01853 have been identified as the most important of the hub genes in S. Typhimurium and E. faecium, respectively. The enrichment analysis of hub genes revealed the importance of efflux pumps, and different enzymatic and binding activities in both bacteria. However, E. faecium specifically increases phospholipid biosynthesis and isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis, whereas S. Typhimurium focuses on phosphorelay signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and protein autophosphorylation. The similarities in the GO findings of the promoters suggest common pathways for survival and basic physiological functions of both bacteria, including peptidoglycan production, glucose transport and cellular homeostasis. The genes with the most interactions with milRNAs include dpiB, rcsC and kdpD in S. Typhimurium and EFAU004_01228, EFAU004_02016 and EFAU004_00870 in E. faecium, respectively. The results showed that gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria have different mechanisms to survive under antibiotic stress. By deciphering their intricate adaptations, we can develop more effective therapeutic approaches and combat the challenges posed by multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Bacterial/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics
- Enterococcus faecium/drug effects
- Enterococcus faecium/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial/drug effects
- Gene Ontology
- Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects
- Genes, Bacterial
- Multigene Family
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Interaction Maps/drug effects
- Protein Interaction Maps/genetics
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Bacterial/metabolism
- RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Small Untranslated/metabolism
- Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects
- Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Davati
- Faculty of Food Industry, Department of Food Science and Technology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abozar Ghorbani
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iwan E, Zając M, Bomba A, Olejnik M, Skarżyńska M, Wasiński B, Wieczorek K, Tłuścik K, Wasyl D. Phylogenetics and Mobilization of Genomic Traits of Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Originated from Retail Meat. Pathogens 2024; 13:700. [PMID: 39204300 PMCID: PMC11357031 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Contaminations with cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli across the food chain may pose a significant threat to public health because those antimicrobials are critically important in human medicine. The impact of the presented data is especially significant concerning Poland's role as one of the leading food producers in the EU. This work aimed to characterize the genomic contents of cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (n = 36) isolated from retail meat to expand the official AMR monitoring reported by EFSA. The ESBL mechanism was predominant (via blaCTX-M-1 and blaSHV-12), with the AmpC-type represented by the blaCMY-2 variant. The strains harbored multiple resistance genes, mainly conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracyclines. In some isolates, virulence factors-including intimin (eae) and its receptor (tir) were detected, indicating significant pathogenic potential. Resistance genes showed a link with IncI1 and IncB/O/K/Z plasmids. Cephalosporinases were particularly linked to ISEc9/ISEc1 (blaCTX-M-1 and blaCMY-2). The association of virulence with mobile elements was less common-mostly with IncF plasmids. The analysis of E. coli isolated from retail meat indicates accumulation of ARGs and their association with various mobile genetic elements, thus increasing the potential for the transmission of resistance across the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Iwan
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (M.O.); (D.W.)
| | - Magdalena Zając
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (B.W.)
| | - Arkadiusz Bomba
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (M.O.); (D.W.)
| | - Małgorzata Olejnik
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (M.O.); (D.W.)
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 11 Gagarina St., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skarżyńska
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (B.W.)
| | - Bernard Wasiński
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (B.W.)
| | - Kinga Wieczorek
- Department of Food of Safety, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Tłuścik
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (M.O.); (D.W.)
| | - Dariusz Wasyl
- Department of Omics Analyses, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (M.O.); (D.W.)
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland (B.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Polemis M, Sideroglou T, Chrysostomou A, Mandilara GD. First Data on WGS-Based Typing and Antimicrobial Resistance of Human Salmonella Enteritidis Isolates in Greece. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:708. [PMID: 39200008 PMCID: PMC11350896 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is one of the major causes of foodborne infections and is responsible for many national and multi-country foodborne outbreaks worldwide. In Greece, human salmonellosis is a mandatory notifiable disease, with laboratory surveillance being on a voluntary basis. This study aims to provide the first insights into the genetic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles of 47 S. Enteritidis human isolates using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technology. The S. Enteritidis population was mainly resistant to fluoroquinolones due to gyrA point mutations, whereas one isolate presented a multi-resistant plasmid-mediated phenotype. ST11 was the most frequent sequence type, and phylogenetic analysis through the cgMLST and SNP methods revealed considerable genetic diversity. Regarding virulence factors, 8 out of the 24 known SPIs and C63PI were detected. Due to the observed variability between countries, it is of utmost importance to record the circulating S. Enteritidis strains' structure and genomic epidemiology at the national level. WGS is a valuable tool that is revolutionizing our approach to Salmonella by providing a deeper understanding of these pathogens and their impact on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Polemis
- Computational Biology Department, Central Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Organization (EODY), 16672 Vari, Greece;
| | - Theologia Sideroglou
- Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Intervention for Infectious Diseases, National Public Health Organization (EODY), 15123 Maroussi, Greece; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Anthi Chrysostomou
- Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Intervention for Infectious Diseases, National Public Health Organization (EODY), 15123 Maroussi, Greece; (T.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Georgia D. Mandilara
- National Reference Centre for Salmonella, Faculty of Public Health Policies, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 11521 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi S, Cheng Y, Wang S, Zhang X, Han F, Li X, Dong H. Improvement of the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis based on the synergistic effect of quorum sensing and antibiotic interference. AMB Express 2023; 13:133. [PMID: 38006456 PMCID: PMC10676335 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonomuraea gerenzanensis (N. gerenzanensis) is known for its ability to biosynthesize A40926, the precursor of the glycopeptide antibiotic (GPA) Dalbavancin. However, challenges and uncertainties related to the genetic manipulation of the rare actinomycetes remain. In order to improve the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis, the crucial factors affecting conjugal transfer were evaluated, including agar medium, mycelial state, donor-recipient ratio, magnesium ion concentration, and antibiotic coverage time firstly. Additionally, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) for quorum sensing (QS) and antibiotics targeting bacterial walls were applied to evaluate their effects on conjugation transfer. As a result, the optimal conditions of 5%TSB of liquid medium, 24 h of the period time, V0.1 of agar medium, 30 mM of magnesium ion, the ratio 10:1 of donor-to-recipient, and 27 h of the overlaying time of antibiotic were determined. Furthermore, the results showed that autoinducer GBL and GPA teicoplanin had a synergetic effect on the conjugation transfer of N. gerenzanensis at a working concentration of 60 µM and 0.5 µg mL-1, respectively. The highest conjugation efficiency could reach about 1.3 depending on the optimal process conditions and the interference of QS and antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubo Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mevada V, Patel R, Dudhagara P, Chaudhari R, Vohra M, Khan V, J. H. Shyu D, Chen YY, Zala D. Whole Genome Sequencing and Pan-Genomic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Vibrio cholerae VC01 Isolated from a Clinical Sample. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2030. [PMID: 37630590 PMCID: PMC10457874 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholera, a disease caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacteria, threatens public health worldwide. The organism mentioned above has a significant historical record of being identified as a prominent aquatic environmental pollutant capable of adapting its phenotypic and genotypic traits to react to host patients effectively. This study aims to elucidate the heterogeneity of the sporadic clinical strain of V. cholerae VC01 among patients residing in Silvasa. The study involved conducting whole-genome sequencing of the isolate obtained from patients exhibiting symptoms, including those not commonly observed in clinical practice. The strain was initially identified through a combination of biochemical analysis, microscopy, and 16s rRNA-based identification, followed by type strain-based identification. The investigation demonstrated the existence of various genetic alterations and resistance profiles against multiple drugs, particularly chloramphenicol (catB9), florfenicol (floR), oxytetracycline (tet(34)), sulfonamide (sul2), and Trimethoprim (dfrA1). The pan-genomic analysis indicated that 1099 distinct clusters were detected within the genome sequences of recent isolates worldwide. The present study helps to establish a correlation between the mutation and the coexistence of antimicrobial resistance toward current treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Mevada
- DNA Division, Directorate of Forensic Science, Gandhinagar 382007, India;
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, India;
| | - Pravin Dudhagara
- Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, India;
| | - Rajesh Chaudhari
- School of Applied Sciences and Technology, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad 382424, India;
| | - Mustafa Vohra
- Directorate of Medical & Health Services, UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu, Silvassa 396230, India; (M.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Vikram Khan
- Directorate of Medical & Health Services, UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu, Silvassa 396230, India; (M.V.); (V.K.)
| | - Douglas J. H. Shyu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
| | - Yih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan;
| | - Dolatsinh Zala
- School of Applied Sciences and Technology, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad 382424, India;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou YY, Ma LY, Yu L, Lu X, Liang WL, Kan B, Su JR. Quinolone Resistance Genes and Their Contribution to Resistance in Vibrio cholerae Serogroup O139. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020416. [PMID: 36830326 PMCID: PMC9952142 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinolones are commonly used for reducing the duration of diarrhea, infection severity, and limiting further transmission of disease related to Vibrio cholerae, but V. cholerae susceptibility to quinolone decreases over time. In addition to mutations in the quinolone-resistance determining regions (QRDRs), the presence of qnr and other acquired genes also contributes to quinolone resistance. RESULTS We determined the prevalence of quinolone resistance related genes among V. cholerae O139 strains isolated in China. We determined that eight strains carried qnrVC, which encodes a pentapeptide repeat protein of the Qnr subfamily, the members of which protect topoisomerases from quinolone action. Four qnrVC alleles were detected: qnrVC1, qnrVC5, qnrVC12, and qnrVC9. However, the strains carrying qnrVC1, qnrVC5, and qnrVC12 were ciprofloxacin (CIP)-sensitive. Contrastingly, the strain carrying qnrVC9 demonstrated high CIP resistance. qnrVC9 was carried by a small plasmid, which was conjugative and contributed to the high CIP resistance to the receptor V. cholerae strain. The same plasmid was also detected in V. vulnificus. The qnrVC1, qnrVC5, and qnrVC12 were cloned into expression plasmids and conferred CIP resistance on the host V. cholerae O139 strain. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the contribution of quinolone resistance mediated by the qnrVC9 carried on the small plasmid and its active horizontal transfer among Vibrio species. The results also suggested the different effects of qnrVC alleles in different V. cholerae strains, which is possibly due to differences in sequences of qnrVC alleles and even the genetic characteristics of the host strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li-Yan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Yu
- Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wei-Li Liang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Biao Kan
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (J.-R.S.); Tel.: +10-58900743 (B.K.); +10-63138545 (J.-R.S.)
| | - Jian-Rong Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (J.-R.S.); Tel.: +10-58900743 (B.K.); +10-63138545 (J.-R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mataseje LF, Chen L, Peirano G, Fakharuddin K, Kreiswith B, Mulvey M, Pitout JDD. Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147: and then there were three carbapenemases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 41:1467-1472. [PMID: 36271303 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria containing three different carbapenemases are extremely rare. Klebsiella pneumoniae (N22-925) with KPC-2, NDM-1, and OXA-48 was obtained from a Canadian patient with recent hospitalization in Romania. Short and long read whole genome sequencing showed that the blaKPC-2 was situated on a 214 kb IncFIB(K)/IncFII(K) plasmid, the blaNDM-1 on a 104 kb IncFIB (pQil)/IncFII(K) plasmid, and the blaOXA-48 on a 64 kb IncL plasmid. These plasmids were conjugated to Escherichia coli J53. N22-925 belonged to a unique ST147 cluster that is likely endemic in Romania. This case emphasizes the need for rapid carbapenemase screening in patients from endemic regions. We described the first complete genome sequence of a K. pneumoniae isolate with three different carbapenemases, providing a reference for future studies on this rarely reported occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F Mataseje
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - L Chen
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, USA.,Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - G Peirano
- Division of Microbiology, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, AB, #9T2L 2K8, Canada
| | - K Fakharuddin
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - B Kreiswith
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, USA.,Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - M Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - J D D Pitout
- Division of Microbiology, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, AB, #9T2L 2K8, Canada. .,University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|