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Chaves ALA, Ferreira MTM, Escudero M, Luceño M, Costa SM. Chromosomal evolution in Cryptangieae Benth. (Cyperaceae): Evidence of holocentrism and pseudomonads. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:527-541. [PMID: 38123818 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cryptangieae has recently been revised based on morphology and molecular phylogeny, but cytogenetic data is still scarce. We conducted this study with the aim of investigating the occurrence of holocentric chromosomes and pseudomonads, as well as understanding the mode of chromosomal evolution in the tribe. We performed analyses of meiotic behavior, chromosome counts, and reconstruction of the ancestral state for the haploid number. We present novel cytogenetic data for eight potentially holocentric species: Cryptangium verticillatum, Krenakia junciforme, K. minarum, Lagenocarpus bracteosus, L. griseus, L. inversus, L. rigidus, and L. tenuifolius. Meiotic abnormalities were observed, with parallel spindles being particularly noteworthy. Intra-specific variations in chromosome number were not found, which may indicate an efficient genetic control for the elimination of abnormal nuclei. The inferred ancestral haploid number was n = 16, with dysploidy being the main evolutionary mechanism. At least five chromosomal fissions occurred in Krenakia (n = 21), followed by a further ascending dysploidy event in Lagenocarpus (n = 17). As proposed for Cyperaceae, it is possible that cladogenesis events in Cryptangieae were marked by numerical and structural chromosomal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcial Escudero
- University of Seville, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Seville, Spain
| | - Modesto Luceño
- University of Pablo de Olavide, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Seville, Spain
| | - Suzana Maria Costa
- Federal University of Lavras, Departament of Biology, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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Wang B, Liang N, Shen X, Xie Z, Zhang L, Tian B, Yuan Y, Guo J, Zhang X, Wei F, Wei X. Cytological and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into the pollen fertility of synthetic allodiploid Brassica juncea hybrids. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 43:23. [PMID: 38150101 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Imbalanced chromosomes and cell cycle arrest, along with down-regulated genes in DNA damage repair and sperm cell differentiation, caused pollen abortion in synthetic allodiploid Brassica juncea hybrids. Interspecific hybridization is considered to be a major pathway for species formation and evolution in angiosperms, but the occurrence of pollen abortion in the hybrids is common, prompting us to recheck male gamete development in allodiploid hybrids after the initial combination of different genomes. Here, we investigated the several key meiotic and mitotic events during pollen development using the newly synthesised allodiploid B. juncea hybrids (AB, 2n = 2× = 18) as a model system. Our results demonstrated the partial synapsis and pairing of non-homologous chromosomes concurrent with chaotic spindle assembly, affected chromosome assortment and distribution during meiosis, which finally caused difference in genetic constitution amongst the final tetrads. The mitotic cell cycle arrest during microspore development resulted in the production of anucleate pollen cells. Transcription analysis showed that sets of key genes regulating cyclin (CYCA1;2 and CYCA2;3), DNA damage repair (DMC1, NBS1 and MMD1), and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (SINAT4 and UBC) were largely downregulated at the early pollen meiosis stages, and those genes involved in sperm cell differentiation (DUO1, PIRL1, PIRL9 and LBD27) and pollen wall synthesis (PME48, VGDH11 and COBL10) were mostly repressed at the late pollen mitosis stages in the synthetic allodiploid B. juncea hybrids (AB). In conclusion, this study elucidated the related mechanisms affecting pollen fertility during male gametophyte development at the cytological and transcriptomic levels in the synthetic allodiploid B. juncea hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Niannian Liang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaohan Shen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhengqing Xie
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Luyue Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Baoming Tian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Improvements, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T&R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Mursalimov S, Matsumoto M, Urakubo H, Deineko E, Ohno N. Unusual nuclear structures in male meiocytes of wild-type rye as revealed by volume microscopy. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:1159-1174. [PMID: 37490684 PMCID: PMC10809220 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS During the analysis of plant male meiocytes coming from destroyed meiocyte columns (united multicellular structures formed by male meiocytes in each anther locule), a considerable amount of information becomes unavailable. Therefore, in this study intact meiocyte columns were studied by volume microscopy in wild-type rye for the most relevant presentation of 3-D structure of rye meiocytes throughout meiosis. METHODS We used two types of volume light microscopy: confocal laser scanning microscopy and non-confocal bright-field scanning microscopy combined with alcohol and aldehyde fixation, as well as serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. KEY RESULTS Unusual structures, called nuclear protuberances, were detected. At certain meiotic stages, nuclei formed protuberances that crossed the cell wall through intercellular channels and extended into the cytoplasm of neighbouring cells, while all other aspects of cell structure appeared to be normal. This phenomenon of intercellular nuclear migration (INM) was detected in most meiocytes at leptotene/zygotene. No cases of micronucleus formation or appearance of binucleated meiocytes were noticed. There were instances of direct contact between two nuclei during INM. No influence of fixation or of mechanical impact on the induction of INM was detected. CONCLUSIONS Intercellular nuclear migration in rye may be a programmed process (a normal part of rye male meiosis) or a tricky artefact that cannot be avoided in any way no matter which approach to meiocyte imaging is used. In both cases, INM seems to be an obligatory phenomenon that has previously been hidden by limitations of common microscopic techniques and by 2-D perception of plant male meiocytes. Intercellular nuclear migration cannot be ignored in any studies involving manipulations of rye anthers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mursalimov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO)-Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Mami Matsumoto
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Urakubo
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Elena Deineko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0431, Japan
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
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da Costa Lima Moraes A, Mollinari M, Ferreira RCU, Aono A, de Castro Lara LA, Pessoa-Filho M, Barrios SCL, Garcia AAF, do Valle CB, de Souza AP, Vigna BBZ. Advances in genomic characterization of Urochloa humidicola: exploring polyploid inheritance and apomixis. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:238. [PMID: 37919432 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04485-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We present the highest-density genetic map for the hexaploid Urochloa humidicola. SNP markers expose genetic organization, reproduction, and species origin, aiding polyploid and tropical forage research. Tropical forage grasses are an important food source for animal feeding, with Urochloa humidicola, also known as Koronivia grass, being one of the main pasture grasses for poorly drained soils in the tropics. However, genetic and genomic resources for this species are lacking due to its genomic complexity, including high heterozygosity, evidence of segmental allopolyploidy, and reproduction by apomixis. These complexities hinder the application of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Here, we developed the highest-density linkage map currently available for the hexaploid tropical forage grass U. humidicola. This map was constructed using a biparental F1 population generated from a cross between the female parent H031 (CIAT 26146), the only known sexual genotype for the species, and the apomictic male parent H016 (BRS cv. Tupi). The linkage analysis included 4873 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with allele dosage information. It allowed mapping of the ASGR locus and apospory phenotype to linkage group 3, in a region syntenic with chromosome 3 of Urochloa ruziziensis and chromosome 1 of Setaria italica. We also identified hexaploid haplotypes for all individuals, assessed the meiotic configuration, and estimated the level of preferential pairing in parents during the meiotic process, which revealed the autopolyploid origin of sexual H031 in contrast to apomictic H016, which presented allopolyploid behavior in preferential pairing analysis. These results provide new information regarding the genetic organization, mode of reproduction, and allopolyploid origin of U. humidicola, potential SNPs markers associated with apomixis for MAS and resources for research on polyploids and tropical forage grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Costa Lima Moraes
- Department of Plant Biology, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Mollinari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Alexandre Aono
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anete Pereira de Souza
- Department of Plant Biology, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jia W, Wang Y, Mi Z, Wang Z, He S, Kong D. Optimization of culture medium for in vitro germination and storage conditions of Exochorda racemosa pollen. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994214. [PMID: 36304403 PMCID: PMC9592853 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pollen morphology, pollen vigor, and long-term pollen storage are critical for plant cross-breeding and genetic improvement of Exochorda racemosa. We developed a protocol for viability determination and storage of E. racemosa pollen for breeding new varieties. The medium components for E. racemosa pollen germination was optimized by using an Orthogonal Assay Test Strategy (OATS). The germination rates of E. racemosa pollen were investigated after storing at different temperatures and different storage periods. The size of E. racemosa pollen was medium with three germination ditches, and the sculptural type of pollen was striate. Red ink and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) can effectively distinguish viable pollen from the unviable pollen of E. racemosa. The most suitable medium (CK2) for E. racemosa was composed of 150 g· L-1 sucrose, 100 mg·L-1 boric acid, 150 mg· L-1 Ca(NO3)2 and 50 mg· L-1 GA3. Low-temperature stress produced the greater inhibition of pollen tube growth compared with high-temperature conditions. The CK2 medium at pH 6.5 resulted in the highest pollen germination rate and most extended pollen tube length. The optimal temperature for storage of dried pollen was -80°C (P < 0.01), and the germination rate was 53.60% after storage for 390 days. Thawing in a 35°C water bath produced the best viability of E. racemosa pollen after storage at -20°C and -80°C. The short-term storage of E. racemosa fresh pollen at 4°C was better than that at -20°C and -80°C (P < 0.01). It is possible to evaluate pollen quality and store pollen grains for E. racemosa by the parameters defined in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Jia
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhaorong Mi
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Songlin He
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dezheng Kong
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Comparative analysis of two Korean irises (Iris ruthenica and I. uniflora, Iridaceae) based on plastome sequencing and micromorphology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9424. [PMID: 35676304 PMCID: PMC9177672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iris ruthenica Ker Gawl. and I. uniflora Pall. ex Link, which are rare and endangered species in Korea, possess considerable horticultural and medicinal value among Korean irises. However, discrimination of the species is hindered by extensive morphological similarity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify discriminating features by comparing the species’ complete plastid genome (i.e., plastome) sequences and micromorphological features, including leaf margins, stomatal complex distribution (hypostomatic vs. amphistomatic leaves), anther stomata density, and tepal epidermal cell patterns. Plastome comparison revealed slightly divergent regions within intergenic spacer regions, and the most variable sequences, which were distributed in non-coding regions, could be used as molecular markers for the discrimination of I. ruthenica and I. uniflora. Phylogenetic analysis of the Iris species revealed that I. ruthenica and I. uniflora formed a well-supported clade. The comparison of plastomes and micromorphological features performed in this study provides useful information for elucidating taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary relationships in Iridaceae. Further studies, including those based on molecular cytogenetic approaches using species specific markers, will offer insights into species delimitation of the two closely related Iris species.
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Mavandi P, Zarifi E. Karyomorphological study and its correlation with the quantity and quality of essential oil in Iranian chamomile accessions (Matricaria chamomilla L.). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Taxonomic Revision of the pulcherrima Clade of Metschnikowia (Fungi): Merger of Species. TAXONOMY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/taxonomy2010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The type strains of 10 small-spored species of the ascomycetous yeast genus Metschnikowia usually form a compact group on the phylogenetic trees inferred from barcode sequences. Based on the name of the species, which was described first (Metschnikowia pulcherrima), the group is frequently referred to as the pulcherrima clade. All strains produce the iron-chelate pigment pulcherrimin and have antagonistic effects on many microorganisms. Recent results of molecular phylogenetic, genetic, and genomic research raised doubts about the taxonomic division of the clade. Those data—combined with results obtained in this study by comprehensive analysis of primary and secondary barcode sequences, physiological tests, and hybridisation experiments—demonstrate that the species cannot be distinguished from each other by the criteria of any of the phenotypic, phylogenetic, and biological species concepts. Therefore, I propose that the species of the pulcherrima clade be merged into one species under the oldest species name, M. pulcherrima.
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Chromosome numbers and meiotic behavior in some species of Asteraceae from high altitudinal regions of Kashmir Himalayas. JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Mursalimov S, Ohno N, Matsumoto M, Bayborodin S, Deineko E. Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy Reveals That Intercellular Nuclear Migration Occurs in Most Normal Tobacco Male Meiocytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:672642. [PMID: 34025709 PMCID: PMC8138938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.672642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) was used here to study tobacco male meiosis. Three-dimensional ultrastructural analyses revealed that intercellular nuclear migration (INM) occurs in 90-100% of tobacco meiocytes. At the very beginning of meiosis, every meiocyte connected with neighboring cells by more than 100 channels was capable of INM. At leptotene and zygotene, the nucleus in most tobacco meiocytes approached the cell wall and formed nuclear protuberances (NPs) that crossed the cell wall through the channels and extended into the cytoplasm of a neighboring cell. The separation of NPs from the migrating nuclei and micronuclei formation were not observed. In some cases, the NPs and nuclei of neighboring cells appeared apposed to each other, and the gap between their nuclear membranes became invisible. At pachytene, NPs retracted into their own cells. After that, the INM stopped. We consider INM a normal part of tobacco meiosis, but the reason for such behavior of nuclei is unclear. The results obtained by SBF-SEM suggest that there are still many unexplored features of plant meiosis hidden by limitations of common types of microscopy and that SBF-SEM can turn over a new leaf in plant meiosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Mursalimov
- Laboratory of Plant Bioengineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- *Correspondence: Sergey Mursalimov
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Histology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Mami Matsumoto
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Sergey Bayborodin
- Laboratory of Plant Bioengineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Deineko
- Laboratory of Plant Bioengineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Samatadze TE, Yurkevich OY, Hazieva FM, Konyaeva EA, Morozov AI, Zoshchuk SA, Amosova AV, Muravenko OV. Agro-Morphological, Microanatomical and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of the Medicinal Plant Chelidonium majus L. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101396. [PMID: 33092308 PMCID: PMC7589513 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chelidonium majus L. is a medicinal plant well-known as a valuable source of isoquinoline alkaloids, which has a variety of pharmacological properties including anti-viral and anti-bacterial effects. However, considerable intraspecific bio-morphological variability in C. majus complicates raw material identification and verification. For the first time, we have brought into cultivation five populations of C. majus subsp. majus originated from different regions, and performed their agro-morphological, microanatomical and molecular cytogenetic characterization. All examined populations produced high seed (18.6–19.9 kg/ha) and raw material (0.84–1.08 t/ha) yields; total alkaloid contents were within 0.30–0.38%. Nevertheless, significant differences in plant morphology and yield-contributing traits were observed. The performed microanatomical analysis of leaves and flowers in double- and normal-flowered plants revealed micro-diagnostic features (including tissue topography, types of stomata, laticifers, structure of leaf mesophyll, hairs, sepals and petals) important for identification of C. majus raw materials. The analysis of chromosome morphology, DAPI-banding patterns, FISH mapping of 45S and 5S rDNA and also chromosome behavior in meiosis allowed us to identify for the first time all chromosomes in karyotypes and confirm relative genotype stability of the studied plants. Our findings indicate that the examined C. majus populations can be used in further breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E. Samatadze
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.S.); (O.Y.Y.); (S.A.Z.); (O.V.M.)
| | - Olga Y. Yurkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.S.); (O.Y.Y.); (S.A.Z.); (O.V.M.)
| | - Firdaus M. Hazieva
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St, 117216 Moscow, Russia; (F.M.H.); (E.A.K.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Elena A. Konyaeva
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St, 117216 Moscow, Russia; (F.M.H.); (E.A.K.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Alexander I. Morozov
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St, 117216 Moscow, Russia; (F.M.H.); (E.A.K.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Svyatoslav A. Zoshchuk
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.S.); (O.Y.Y.); (S.A.Z.); (O.V.M.)
| | - Alexandra V. Amosova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.S.); (O.Y.Y.); (S.A.Z.); (O.V.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga V. Muravenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.S.); (O.Y.Y.); (S.A.Z.); (O.V.M.)
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Liu X, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Chen F, Huang R, Jiang Y. The in vitro germination and storage characteristics of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis pollen provide a reference for cross breeding. PROTOPLASMA 2020; 257:1221-1230. [PMID: 32328799 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01509-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis is an ideal tree species for mountain afforestation, timber forests, and landscaping. Its pollination process can be affected by the rainy season, making it difficult to pollinate the massive female cones, which leads to a high abortion rate and low quality of seeds. Here, we observed the pollen morphology of K. f. cyclolepis using scanning electron and light microscopes, investigated the characteristics of its in vitro germination by the detached method, and explored the effect of different storage temperatures and times on the pollen germination rate and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). Our results indicated that the pollen of K. f. cyclolepis is a five-cell pollen, comprising one noumenon and two air sacs, both of which were oval in polar view. The optimal condition for pollen germination of K. f. cyclolepis was 240 g/L sucrose + 70 mg/L CaCl2 + 210 mg/L H3BO3 at 24 °C and pH 6.0, resulting in a germination rate of 45.0%. The effects of different storage temperature and time on pollen germination rate varied significantly. The best storage temperature was - 80 °C, at which the germination rate was 20.9% after 365 days of storage, and the activity of three protective enzymes remained relatively high, representing relatively strong antioxidation and antiaging activity. Stepwise regression analysis showed that SOD was the main factor affecting the pollen germination rate of K. f. cyclolepis. The function of the three protective enzymes differed under various temperatures, for example, SOD served as a sensitive protective enzyme at room temperature, - 20 °C and - 80 °C, whereas both SOD and CAT served as sensitive protective enzymes at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongsheng Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Yufei Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Fengfan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Ronglin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China.
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Konan NO, Mergeai G. Relationship between meiotic behaviour and fertility in backcross-1 derivatives of the [( Gossypium hirsutum × G. thurberi) 2 × G. longicalyx] trispecies hybrid. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2020; 14:75-95. [PMID: 32047586 PMCID: PMC7000483 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v14i1.47231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wild cotton species are an important source of desirable genes for genetic improvement of cultivated cotton Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, 1763. For the success of such an improvement, chromosome pairings and recombinations in hybrids are fundamental. The wild African species G. longicalyx Hutchinson & Lee, 1958 could be used as donor of the desirable trait of fiber fineness. Twelve BC1 plants obtained from the backcrossing of [(G. hirsutum × G. thurberi Todaro, 1877)2 × G. longicalyx] (AhDhD1F1, 2n = 4x = 52) trispecies hybrid (HTL) by G. hirsutum (cv. C2) (AhAhDhDh, 2n = 4x = 52) were investigated for meiotic behaviour and plant fertility. Their chromosome associations varied as follows: (2.5 to 11.5) I + (17 to 22) II + (0.31 to 1.93) III + (0.09 to 1.93) IV + (0 to 0.07) V + (0 to 0.14) VI. Their pollen fertility ranged from 4.67 to 32.10 %. Only four BC1 plants produced a few seeds through self-pollination. The remaining BC1 were totally self-sterile and usually presented the highest number of univalents. All BC1 materials produced BC2 seeds (0.44 to 6.50 seeds per backcross) with the number of seeds negatively correlated with the number of univalents (R2 = 0.45, P < 0.05). Most BC1 plants gave significantly finer fiber compared to the cultivated G. hirsutum. SSR markers showed a segregation of wild alleles among the backcross derivatives and Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) revealed presence of entire chromosomes of G. longicalyx as well as recombinant chromosomes in the backcross derivatives. The significance and details of these results are presented and the prospects of successfully exploiting these plant materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N’guessan Olivier Konan
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liège University, Tropical agriculture Unit, 2 passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, BelgiumLiège UniversityGemblouxBelgium
- Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Agroforestry Unit, BP 150, Cote D’ivoireJean Lorougnon Guédé UniversityDaloaCote d'Ivoire
| | - Guy Mergeai
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liège University, Tropical agriculture Unit, 2 passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, BelgiumLiège UniversityGemblouxBelgium
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