1
|
Wan AWL, Chung KKH, Li JB, Xu SS, Chan DKC. An assessment tool for the international healthy eating report card for preschool-aged children: a cross-cultural validation across Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United States. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1340007. [PMID: 38562489 PMCID: PMC10982429 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1340007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a globally applicable assessment tool of the 43-item International Healthy Eating Report Card Scale (IHERCS) which was designed to assess preschool-aged children's eating behaviours and family home food environments (FHFEs) across different cultural settings. In particular, we examined the factor structure, internal consistency and measurement invariance of the IHERCS across four cultural samples, including Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the US. Convergent and discriminant validity were then conducted. Methods In this cross-cultural study, a total of 2059 parent-child dyads from these four regions were recruited, and the parents were asked to complete the IHERCS. An exploratory structural equational modelling approach was employed to examine two higher-order factor models of children's eating behaviours and FHFEs in the IHERCS and its cross-cultural measurement invariance. Results The findings demonstrated robust factor structures of the scales of children's eating behaviours and FHFEs in the IHERCS (i.e., CFI and TLI > 0.90; RMSEA and SRMR < 0.08) and an acceptable level of internal consistency (i.e., Cronbach's α = 0.55-0.84). Full configural invariance and metric invariance were established across the four cultural contexts, but full scalar invariance was not achieved. Partial scalar invariance was found only in the scale of FHFEs. The convergent validity and discriminant validity were supported. Conclusion Overall, the current findings provided preliminary support for the construct validity and measurement invariance of the IHERCS. It provides a reliable, valid and comprehensive assessment of eating behaviours and FHFEs among children in different cultural settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Derwin King Chung Chan
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang J, Chan SC, Pang WS, Chow SH, Fung YC, Keung VMW, Cheung CKM, Lo ASC, Mui LWH, Lee A, Wong MCS. Factors associated with consuming unhealthy food in school children: A population-based study from Hong Kong. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1964. [PMID: 38476586 PMCID: PMC10927937 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Unhealthy diets were found to be the main contributor to the overweight problem among adolescents. In this study, we aim to identify the factors causing unhealthy eating habits in adolescents. Methods School-aged children and adolescents participated in this cross-sectional observational study with additional school and parental consent. A self-administered survey was conducted by 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools. Participants were asked about the frequency of consuming unhealthy food and the types of unhealthy food consumed. A descriptive analysis was performed to demonstrate the proportions of characteristics. The prevalence of the outcome among participants of various factors was also analyzed using separate binary regression models. Results A total of 4884 responses were collected. Among primary school students (grade 4, mean age: 10.06), people who (1) were actively gaining weight (aOR: 1.651, 95% CI 1.006-2.708, p = 0.047), (2) went to bed after 11 p.m. (aOR: 1.652, 95% CI 1.065-2.563, p = 0.025), (3) had more than 2 h of gaming (aOR: 2.833, 95% CI 1.913-4.195, p < 0.001), (4) suffered from self-report depressive symptoms (aOR: 1.753, 95% CI 1.233-2.493, p = 0.002) was more likely to consume unhealthy food. As for secondary school students (grade 3, mean age: 15.28), (1) males (aOR: 1.266, 95% CI 1.0004-1.601, p = 0.0496), (2) average-to-high socioeconomic status (Average: aOR: 1.471, 95% CI 1.115-1.941, p = 0.006; High: aOR: 2.253, 95% CI 1.585-3.202. p < 0.001), (3) having more than 2 h of gaming (aOR: 1.342, 95% CI 1.069-1.685, p = 0.011), (4) suffering from psychological distress (aOR: 1.395, 95% CI 1.051-1.852, p = 0.021) were associated with the increased odds of consuming unhealthy food. Conclusion Several lifestyle and health factors were significantly associated with unhealthy eating behaviors in school-aged children and adolescents in Hong Kong, sharing similarities with many other countries. In conjunction with implementing a policy that addresses factors for unhealthy eating habits, further research should investigate potential interventions targeting these factors to ultimately tackle the overweight and obesity concern for children and adolescents in Hong Kong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Wing Sze Pang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Shui Hang Chow
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Yat Ching Fung
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Vera M. W. Keung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Calvin K. M. Cheung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Amelia S. C. Lo
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Lancelot W. H. Mui
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- The School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthThe Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical CollegesBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wells G, Trapp G, Wickens N, Heritage B. Powerful promotions: An investigation of the teen-directed marketing power of outdoor food advertisements located near schools in Australia. Health Promot J Austr 2024; 35:144-153. [PMID: 37012612 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Adolescents are heavily exposed to unhealthy outdoor food advertisements near schools, however, the marketing power of these advertisements among adolescents has not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate the teen-directed marketing features present and quantify the overall marketing power of outdoor food advertisements located near schools to explore any differences by content (ie, alcohol, discretionary, core and miscellaneous foods) school type (ie, primary, secondary, K-12) and area-level socio-economic status (SES; ie, low vs high). METHODS This cross-sectional study audited every outdoor food advertisement (n = 1518) within 500m of 64 randomly selected schools in Perth, Western Australia, using a teen-informed coding tool to score the marketing power of each advertisement. RESULTS Outdoor alcohol advertisements around schools had the highest average marketing power score and number of advertising features present. Outdoor advertisements for alcohol and discretionary foods scored significantly higher in marketing power than core food advertisements (P < .001). Outdoor alcohol advertisements around secondary schools scored significantly higher in marketing power than around primary and K-12 schools (P < .001); and outdoor advertisements for discretionary foods in low SES areas scored significantly higher in marketing power than those in high SES areas (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS This study found outdoor advertisements for unhealthy products, such as alcohol and discretionary foods, were more powerful than advertisements for core foods around schools. SO WHAT?: These findings strengthen the need for policies which restrict outdoor advertisements for non-core foods near schools, to reduce adolescents' exposure to powerful alcohol and discretionary food advertisements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Wells
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gina Trapp
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Nicole Wickens
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Brody Heritage
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Litterbach EK, Laws R, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Spence AC. Mothers' experiences of reducing family mealtime screen use in Australian households with young children. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e21. [PMID: 38099428 PMCID: PMC10830358 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Screen use at mealtimes is associated with poor dietary and psychosocial outcomes in children and is disproportionately prevalent among families of low socio-economic position (SEP). This study aimed to explore experiences of reducing mealtime screen use in mothers of low SEP with young children. DESIGN Motivational interviews, conducted via Zoom or telephone, addressed barriers and facilitators to reducing mealtime screen use. Following motivational interviews, participants co-designed mealtime screen use reduction strategies and trialled these for 3-4 weeks. Follow-up semi-structured interviews then explored maternal experiences of implementing strategies, including successes and difficulties. Transcripts were analysed thematically. SETTING Australia. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen mothers who had no university education and a child between six months and six years old. RESULTS A range of strategies aimed to reduce mealtime screen use were co-designed. The most widely used strategies included changing mealtime location and parental modelling of expected behaviours. Experiences were influenced by mothers' levels of parenting self-efficacy and mealtime consistency, included changes to mealtime foods and an increased value of mealtimes. Experiences were reportedly easier, more beneficial and offered more opportunities for family communication, than anticipated. Change required considerable effort. However, effort decreased with consistency. CONCLUSIONS The diverse strategies co-designed by mothers highlight the importance of understanding why families engage in mealtime screen use and providing tailored advice for reduction. Although promising themes were identified, in this motivated sample, changing established mealtime screen use habits still required substantial effort. Embedding screen-free mealtime messaging into nutrition promotion from the inception of eating will be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eloise-Kate Litterbach
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
- The Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, Diabetes Victoria, Melbourne, VIC3053, Australia
| | - Rachel Laws
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Alison C Spence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu S, Mo C, Lei L, Lv F, Li J, Xu X, Lu P, Wei G, Huang X, Zeng X, Qiu X. Association of ultraprocessed foods consumption and cognitive function among children aged 4-7 years: a cross-sectional data analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1272126. [PMID: 37881777 PMCID: PMC10597700 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has shown associations with cognitive function in preschool children, but effects of other ultraprocessed foods consumption are rarely discussed in China. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and cognitive function among preschool children in China. Methods A total of 325 children aged 4-7 years were included from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Face-to-face interviews with parents using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was conducted to investigate the status of seven ultraprocessed foods consumption (i.e., chocolate, biscuits, candy, fast-food, ice cream, SSBs, and sweet bakery products). The mandarin-language version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI, Fourth Edition) was applied to assess the cognitive function of children. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between ultraprocessed food consumption and the full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and different domains and risk of cognitive deficit, respectively. Results We found that frequent consumption of candy (β = -3.34, 95% CI: -5.62∼-1.06; p = 0.004) and sweet bakery products (β = -2.77, 95% CI: -5.58∼0.04; p = 0.054) were significant associated with decreased FSIQ scores in the linear regression models. However, only frequent consumption of candy was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive deficit (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.11∼3.79; p = 0.023) in the logistic regression models. For the different domains, we found frequent consumption of candy (β = -3.85, 95% CI: -6.28∼-1.43; p = 0.002) and sweet bakery products (β = -3.48, 95% CI: -6.47∼-0.49; p = 0.023) was also significantly associated with lower Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI). When combining the seven ultraprocessed foods, we found children who frequently consumed more than two kinds of ultraprocessed foods had a significant decrease of VCI scores (β = -2.66; 95% CI: -5.12∼-0.19; p = 0.035) too. Conclusion Our results suggested that frequent consumption of individual (candy and sweet bakery products) and multiple ultraprocessed foods may decrease VCI scores and thereby impact cognitive function in children aged 4-7 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Caimei Mo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lidi Lei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Peini Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Gangjie Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuanqian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen YJM, Haynes A, Scully M, Gascoyne C, McAleese A, Dixon H, Morley B, Wakefield M. Food purchasing practices in various retail settings and dietary intake: A cross-sectional survey of Australian adolescents. Health Promot J Austr 2023; 34:784-790. [PMID: 36625434 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Discretionary, energy-dense, nutrient-poor food and drinks are heavily marketed and readily available in retail settings frequented by adolescents. This study examines associations between food purchasing practices in various retail settings and dietary intake among Australian adolescents. METHODS Participants were students in years 8 to 11 (ages 12-17 years) who completed the 2009-10 (n = 13 790), 2012-13 (n = 10 309) or 2018 (n = 9102) National Secondary Students' Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) cross-sectional survey. Multistage stratified random sampling was used. An online survey completed at school assessed self-reported frequency of food purchasing practices in various retail settings and consumption of discretionary food, sugary drinks, fruit and vegetables. Generalised linear regression models examined associations between food purchasing practices and dietary behaviour. RESULTS Relative to students who brought lunch from home, those who purchased lunch from school or nearby outlets reported higher intake of discretionary food and sugary drinks and lower fruit intake. Buying lunch from school was also associated with lower vegetable intake. Buying food or drinks on the school commute, outside school grounds during school hours, from supermarket checkouts, and using mobile phone apps were each associated with higher discretionary food and sugary drink intake (all P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Purchasing food or drink in various retail settings is associated with higher intake of discretionary food and drink among Australian adolescents, and some purchasing practices appeared to displace fruit and vegetable intake. SO WHAT?: These findings highlight a need to improve the accessibility and promotion of healthier food and drink options in schools and other retail settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jun Michelle Chen
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Haynes
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maree Scully
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claudia Gascoyne
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison McAleese
- Prevention Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Dixon
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Morley
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Wakefield
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Malmir H, Mahdavi FS, Ejtahed HS, Kazemian E, Chaharrahi A, Mohammadian Khonsari N, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Qorbani M. Junk food consumption and psychological distress in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:807-827. [PMID: 35816403 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2094856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Available evidence indicates that junk foods, defined as unhealthy foods with high-calorie and low-nutrient value, negatively affect mental and metabolic health of children. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the association between junk food consumption and psychological distress in children and adolescents.Methods: A systematic literature search of relevant documents published in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was conducted up to 2022. All observation studies which assessed association of junk foods and psychological distress in children and adolescents were included. Random-effect model was used to pool odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) from individual studies. Subgroup meta-analysis was performed based on junk foods categories (sweet drinks, sweet snacks and snacks).Results: Data of 17 included articles on junk foods consumption in relation to depression, stress, anxiety, sleep dissatisfaction and happiness in children and adolescents were included in this systematic review. According to random effect model, the pooled OR in the highest vs. the lowest category of junk foods was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.35-1.95) for depression, 1.34 (95% CI: 1.16-1.54) for stress, 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03-1.50) for anxiety, 1.17 (95% CI: 1.05-1.30) for sleep dissatisfaction and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75-0.92) for happiness. In subgroup meta-analysis, there were significant associations between different types of junk foods and psychological distress (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that junk foods consumption was associated with increased odds of psychological distress in children and adolescents. These findings support the current recommendation of decreasing junk foods intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Malmir
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Kazemian
- Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Chaharrahi
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gketsios I, Tsiampalis T, Kanellopoulou A, Vassilakou T, Notara V, Antonogeorgos G, Rojas-Gil AP, Kornilaki EN, Lagiou A, Panagiotakos DB, Kosti RI. The Synergetic Effect of Soft Drinks and Sweet/Salty Snacks Consumption and the Moderating Role of Obesity on Preadolescents' Emotions and Behavior: A School-Based Epidemiological Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:633. [PMID: 36983792 PMCID: PMC10053451 DOI: 10.3390/life13030633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is high along with the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents. The present study sought to investigate the synergetic effect of soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption, and the moderating role of obesity on preadolescents' emotions and behavior. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1728 Greek preadolescents aged 10-12 and their parents, during the school years 2014-2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption was recorded, classifying preadolescents as low or at least moderate consumers, while anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI)) were also recorded. Approximately 6 out of 10 preadolescents were characterized by at least moderate consumption of either sweet/salty snacks, or soft drinks, while 22.7% of the participants had at least moderate consumption of both soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks. Boys and preadolescents with a lower level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, as well as those living in a more obesogenic family environment were more likely to be in the higher consumption groups. When compared to just either the moderate consumption of sweet/salty snacks, or the moderate consumption of soft drinks, the combination of both unhealthy eating habits was associated with significantly higher odds of both aggressiveness and loneliness, while the examined relationships were significantly stronger in overweight/obese children. The positive synergistic effect of soft drinks and sweet/salty snacks consumption on preadolescents' emotions of loneliness and aggressive behavior is even burdened by obesity status highlighting the urgent need for policymakers to take preventive measures to halt the detrimental consequences of UPFs consumption on health outcomes, particularly in overweight/obese children. The importance of the improvement of children's unhealthy eating habits by emphasizing the association between food intake and emotional and behavioral status is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Gketsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Thomas Tsiampalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Kanellopoulou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Tonia Vassilakou
- Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Venetia Notara
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - George Antonogeorgos
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Andrea Paola Rojas-Gil
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | - Ekaterina N. Kornilaki
- Department of Preschool Education, School of Education, University of Crete, 74100 Rethimno, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia
| | - Rena I. Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Association of Junk Food Consumption with Preadolescents' Environmental Influences: A School-Based Epidemiological Study in Greece. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121891. [PMID: 36553333 PMCID: PMC9777023 DOI: 10.3390/children9121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of environmental influences on Greek preadolescents' junk food consumption. A cross-sectional study, was conducted among 1718 preadolescents (mean (standard deviation(SD)) age: 11.2(0.8) years old; 54% girls) and their parents, during the school years 2014-2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, junk food consumption was recorded, classifying children as low, moderate, and high consumers. The majority of the preadolescents were classified as at least moderate junk food consumers, while almost 3/10 children were classified as high junk food consumers. A significantly lower junk food consumption was observed among preadolescents with a healthier family environment, consisting of normal-weight parents who consume junk foods less frequently, prefer home-cooked meals and adhere more to the Mediterranean diet, while more frequent family meals were also associated with lower junk food consumption. In addition, influence from teachers and participation in extracurricular sports activities were significantly associated with lower junk food consumption, while advertisements were found to have a significant negative impact on preadolescents' eating habits. Notwithstanding, peers were not found to influence their dietary choices in terms of junk food consumption. Both parents and teachers seem to be positive influencers on preadolescents' low junk food consumption. The detrimental role of advertisements on junk food consumption is reconfirmed, while peers' influence is not significant on junk food consumption. The need for urgent public health initiatives for the promotion of healthy dietary habits among preadolescents is warranted.
Collapse
|
10
|
Salem MK, Pitchik HO, Sultana J, Rahman M, Jannat KK, Luby SP, Mridha MK, Winch PJ, Fernald LCH. Prevalence of Sugar-Sweetened Food Consumption in Rural Bangladeshi Children Aged 6-24 Months. J Nutr 2022; 152:2155-2164. [PMID: 35709397 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the prevalence of undernutrition in children has decreased in many low- and middle-income countries since the 1990s, prevalences of overweight and obesity have increased. Frequent consumption of sugar-sweetened food might have contributed to this change, although very little is known about sugar-sweetened food consumption in early life. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to explore the associations between individual, household, and maternal factors and the prevalence of sugar-sweetened food consumption in 6- to 24-month-old children in Bangladesh. METHODS Multistage sampling was used to select households with children aged 6-24 months in rural Chatmohar, a subdistrict of Bangladesh (n = 1635). Research assistants conducted a 24-hour qualitative dietary recall questionnaire with the enrolled child's primary caregiver to measure maternal and child dietary patterns. We examined factors associated with the prevalence of child sugar-sweetened food consumption with multivariate logistic regression models. We conducted tests of heterogeneity to explore differential associations between the child sugar-sweetened food consumption prevalence and household income by maternal nutrition knowledge and wealth. RESULTS Primary caregivers reported that 62% of toddlers had consumed sugar-sweetened food in the past 24 hours. A higher prevalence of child sugar-sweetened food consumption was associated with both a higher dietary diversity score (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09-1.29) and a higher prevalence of maternal sugar-sweetened food consumption (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.97-3.28). At higher levels of maternal nutrition knowledge and wealth, more household income was associated with a lower prevalence of child sugar-sweetened food consumption. CONCLUSIONS Almost two-thirds of 6- to 24-month-old children in rural Chatmohar, Bangladesh, had consumed sugar-sweetened food in the last day. This is a high and concerning prevalence, and the associated factors identified in this study should be investigated further to identify potential areas of intervention to decrease the prevalence of child sugar consumption in Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie K Salem
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Helen O Pitchik
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jesmin Sultana
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Kaniz K Jannat
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Stephen P Luby
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Malay K Mridha
- Center for Noncommunicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Peter J Winch
- International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lia C H Fernald
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Litterbach EK, Zheng M, Campbell KJ, Laws R, Spence AC. Mealtime TV Use Is Associated with Higher Discretionary Food Intakes in Young Australian Children: A Two-Year Prospective Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132606. [PMID: 35807787 PMCID: PMC9268203 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mealtime television use has been cross-sectionally associated with suboptimal diets in children. This study aimed to assess the two-year prospective association between baseline mealtime television use and subsequent diets in young children, and identify socioeconomic differences. Methods: Parents reported their child’s television use at meals, and fruit, vegetable, and discretionary food intakes. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses assessed the association between baseline mealtime television use and follow-up diet outcomes. Differences were assessed by socioeconomic position. Results: Participants were 352 Australian parents of children aged six months to six years. Daily mealtime television use (average frequency/day) was associated with higher daily frequency of discretionary food intakes (β 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.67) at the 2-year follow-up. Individually, television use during breakfast and dinner (1–2 days/week compared to never) predicted higher daily intake frequency of discretionary food, β 0.36 (95% CI 0.12–0.60) and β 0.19 (95% CI 0.00–0.39), respectively. Similarly, 3–7 days/week of television use during breakfast and lunch predicted higher frequency of discretionary food intake, β 0.18 (95% CI 0.02–0.37) and β 0.31 (95% CI 0.07–0.55), respectively. Associations were not socioeconomically patterned. Conclusions: Investigating mealtime television use motivators across the socioeconomic spectrum could inform interventions targeting the high consumption of discretionary foods in children.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Y, Li X, Zhang T, Guo H, Sun C. How Do Perceived Health Threats Affect the Junk Food Eating Behavior and Consequent Obesity? Moderating Role of Product Knowledge Hiding. Front Psychol 2022; 13:836393. [PMID: 35265021 PMCID: PMC8900718 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.836393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The predominant use of junk food in our societies is continuously held responsible for the obese body physiques and overweight among the kids and adolescents. The current supportive environments where organic foods are limited, and new processed foods have been brought to the market with more variant tastes and acceptability for the kids and adolescents that have diverged their eating patterns. It has significantly contributed to the health issues and growth discrepancies of the users. However, the awareness of the food contents is an important milestone for understanding the risks associated with the usage of junk foods. A quantitative approach has been used in this study to measure the effect of perceived severity, vulnerability and fear on the junk food eating behaviors and ultimately on the obesity. The moderating role of product knowledge hiding has also been measured on the relationship of junk food eating and obesity. Structural equation modeling is used using the software Smart-PLS for measuring the hypothesis with a sample size of 228 selected through purposive sampling. The sample consisted of kids and adolescents who were reached on purpose for data collection. The current study has explored the role of perceived severity, vulnerability and the fear of using junk foods which have been found as a negative effect on junk food eating behavior which is positively associated with obesity among the kids and adolescents. The result of study shows that perceived threat has a negative effect on the junk food eating behavior of the adolescents. However, the positive relationship of junk food eating behavior with obesity can be decreased if the information about the products is not hidden. This study will be useful for making the consumers aware of the product knowledge hiding of the junk food usage. Moreover, it will help the users in creating understanding of risks allied with the use of junk food which may be addressed in order to avoid obesity issues in the kids and adolescents globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Li
- School of Physical Education, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- School of Physical Education, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Tuanting Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixia Guo
- School of Physical Education, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Caili Sun
- School of Physical Education, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The relationship between junk food consumption, healthy nutrition, and obesity among children aged 7-8 years in Mersin, Turkey. Nutr Res 2022; 103:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Jacobs J, Strugnell C, Allender S, Orellana L, Backholer K, Bolton KA, Fraser P, Le H, Brown AD, Nichols M. The impact of a community-based intervention on weight, weight-related behaviours and health-related quality of life in primary school children in Victoria, Australia, according to socio-economic position. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2179. [PMID: 34837974 PMCID: PMC8627608 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately a quarter of Australian children are classified as overweight or obese. In high-income countries, childhood obesity follows a socio-economic gradient, with greater prevalence amongst the most socio-economically disadvantaged children. Community-based interventions (CBI), particularly those using a systems approach, have been shown to be effective on weight and weight-related behaviours. They are also thought to have an equitable impacts, however there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in achieving this goal. Methods Secondary analysis was conducted on data collected from primary school children (aged 6–13 years) residing in ten communities (five intervention, five control) involved in the Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (WHO STOPS) cluster randomised trial in Victoria, Australia. Outcomes included Body Mass Index z-score (BMI-z) derived from measured height and weight, self-reported physical activity and dietary behaviours and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Repeat cross-sectional data from 2015 (n = 1790) and 2019 (n = 2137) were analysed, stratified by high or low socio-economic position (SEP). Multilevel linear models and generalised estimating equations were fitted to assess whether SEP modified the intervention effect on the outcomes. Results There were no overall changes in BMI-z for either SEP strata. For behavioural outcomes, the intervention resulted in a 22.5% (95% CI 5.1, 39.9) point greater improvement in high-SEP compared to low-SEP intervention schools for meeting physical activity guidelines. There were also positive dietary intervention effects for high SEP students, reducing takeaway and packaged snack consumption, although there was no significant difference in effect between high and low SEP students. There were positive intervention effects for HRQoL, whereby scores declined in control communities with no change in intervention communities, and this did not differ by SEP. Conclusion The WHO STOPS intervention had differential effects on several weight-related behaviours according to SEP, including physical activity. Similar impacts on HRQoL outcomes were found between high and low SEP groups. Importantly, the trial evaluation was not powered to detect subgroup differences. Future evaluations of CBIs should be designed with an equity lens, to understand if and how these types of interventions can benefit all community members, regardless of their social and economic resources. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12150-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Jacobs
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Steven Allender
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Liliana Orellana
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kathryn Backholer
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Penny Fraser
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ha Le
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Andrew Dwight Brown
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Melanie Nichols
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE)Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kristo AS, Çinar N, Kucuknil SL, Sikalidis AK. Technological Devices and Their Effect on Preschool Children's Eating Habits in Communities of Mixed Socioeconomic Status in Istanbul; a Pilot Cross-Sectional Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11110157. [PMID: 34821618 PMCID: PMC8614987 DOI: 10.3390/bs11110157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of technological devices is increasing in all age groups, especially in preschool-aged children. However, there is a limiting number of studies investigating the relationship between the use of technological devices, eating behavior, and weight status in preschool children. The aim of this study was (1) to describe total usage of technological devices, (2) to evaluate level of exclusive use of such devices by children, (3) to investigate children’s eating behaviors and diet in relation to screen time and type. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 104 children aged 2–5 years in Küçükçekmece and Bakırköy, Istanbul. Data collection consisted of a validated parental questionnaire on demographics and the child’s use of technology and eating behavior, while associations in children were examined using logistic regression analysis. The analysis of the obtained data uncovered a strong association between children’s TV and tablet/smart phone use and the foods consumed by children when using these devices (p = 0.0001; p = 0.012). Also, there was a significant association between children’s eating habits and TV, and tablet/smart phone durations of use (p = 0.015; p = 0.025), but not with computer duration of use (p > 0.05). Obesity and associated health problems can arise as results of suboptimal eating behavior, such as the ones observed in our study, which are also intensified with an increased duration of use of technological devices. The attitude of families towards prudent use of technological equipment is of great importance in impacting present and future health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S. Kristo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave., San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Nur Çinar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Yilanli Ayazma Yolu No 26, Istanbul 34010, Turkey; (N.Ç.); (S.L.K.)
| | - Stefanos L. Kucuknil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, Yilanli Ayazma Yolu No 26, Istanbul 34010, Turkey; (N.Ç.); (S.L.K.)
- Balıklı Greek Hospital, Physiotherapy Clinic, Belgrad Kapi Yolu No 2, Istanbul 34020, Turkey
| | - Angelos K. Sikalidis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave., San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tanner H, Barrett HL, Callaway LK, Wilkinson SA, Dekker Nitert M. Consumption of a Low Carbohydrate Diet in Overweight or Obese Pregnant Women Is Associated with Longer Gestation of Pregnancy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103511. [PMID: 34684512 PMCID: PMC8538994 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of obstetric outcomes in women consuming low-carbohydrate diets have reported conflicting results. Most studies have defined low-carbohydrate diets by the percentage that carbohydrates contribute to overall energy intake, rather than by an absolute amount in grams per day (g/d). We hypothesised that a low absolute carbohydrate diet affects obstetric outcomes differently than a low percentage carbohydrate diet. Dietary data were collected from overweight or obese women in the Study of Probiotic IN Gestational diabetes at 16- and 28-weeks’ gestation. Obstetric outcomes were compared between women whose carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile vs quintiles 2–5. Mean gestation was increased in women whose absolute carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile at 16 and at both 16- and 28-weeks’ gestation compared with all other women (16: 39.7 vs. 39.1 weeks, p = 0.008; 16 and 28: 39.8 vs. 39.1, p = 0.005). In linear regression analysis, a low absolute carbohydrate intake at 16 and at 28 weeks’ gestation was associated with increased gestation at delivery (16: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.15, 28: p = 0.04, adjusted R2 = 0.17). The coefficient of beta at 16 weeks’ gestation was 0.50 (95% CI 0.03–0.98) and at 28 weeks’ gestation was 0.51 (95%CI 0.03–0.99) meaning that consumption of a low absolute carbohydrate diet accounted for an extra 3.5 days in gestational age. This finding was not seen in women whose percentage carbohydrate intake was in the lowest quintile. Low-carbohydrate consumption in pregnancy is associated with increased gestational age at delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Tanner
- Department of Obstetric Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia;
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-459-482-681
| | - Helen L. Barrett
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia;
- Department of Endocrinology, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Leonie K. Callaway
- Department of Obstetric Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia;
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Shelley A. Wilkinson
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Marloes Dekker Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Qiu N, Moore JB, Wang Y, Fu J, Ding K, Li R. Perceived Parental Attitudes Are Indirectly Associated with Consumption of Junk Foods and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among Chinese Adolescents through Home Food Environment and Autonomous Motivation: A Path Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103403. [PMID: 34684401 PMCID: PMC8541436 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to use path analysis to determine the association between perceived parental attitudes toward restricting junk food (JF)/sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and JF/SSB consumption among Chinese adolescents, and whether JF/SSB availability in the home environment and autonomous motivation of adolescents mediated the association. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using questionnaires adapted from the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) Study to collect data on 3819 participants with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.7). Spearman correlations and path analysis were performed. It was found that perceived parental attitudes were not directly associated with adolescents’ JF/SSB consumption frequency, but indirectly related to them through JF/SSB availability in the home environment and autonomous motivation of adolescents. When parents held a less positive attitude toward JF/SSB consumption and kept less JFs/SSBs at home, youth displayed more autonomous motivation for restricting JF/SSB intake and consumed fewer JFs/SSBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qiu
- Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (N.Q.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Justin B. Moore
- Department of Implementation Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Yechuang Wang
- Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (N.Q.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Jialin Fu
- Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (N.Q.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (N.Q.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (K.D.)
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Healthcare Management, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (N.Q.); (Y.W.); (J.F.); (K.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-68759901; Fax: +86-27-68758648
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Caso D, Guidetti M, Capasso M, Cavazza N. Finally, the chance to eat healthily: Longitudinal study about food consumption during and after the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Food Qual Prefer 2021; 95:104275. [PMID: 34539093 PMCID: PMC8443069 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
With the COVID-19 outbreak, structural constraints and social psychological factors changed the dietary habits of many people. This two-wave longitudinal study performed in Italy aimed to explore people’s perceptions of changes in healthy and unhealthy food consumption before and during the first lockdown and the possible persistence of such changes after its official end, as a function of the number of people cohabiting, negative emotion activation, and individual eating styles. A total of 728 Italian adults completed self-reported food consumption measures and related psychological variables at both time points. In the lockdown period, participants reported an increase in healthy food consumption and involvement in cooking and a decrease in the consumption of junk food. This general pattern was stronger for both young and restrained eaters. The intensity of negative emotions and the number of cohabitants were not associated with the examined behaviour. In the post-lockdown period, the new consumption pattern acquired during the confinement was partially discontinued: participants cut down their healthy food consumption as well as their involvement in food preparation, but they continued to reduce their junk food intake. These results suggest that people’s food consumption patterns can easily improve when the situation is favourable (e.g., more time and opportunities for cooking healthy meals) and offer an interesting theoretical contribution to understanding the factors useful in promoting healthy eating, in the event of a future outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Caso
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Porta di Massa, 1, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Guidetti
- Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena-Reggio Emilia, viale Allegri, 9, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Miriam Capasso
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Porta di Massa, 1, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cavazza
- Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena-Reggio Emilia, viale Allegri, 9, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Lamas C, Sánchez-Pintos P, José de Castro M, Sáenz de Pipaon M, Couce ML. Screen Time and Bone Status in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:675214. [PMID: 34926335 PMCID: PMC8672244 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.675214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Technological advances over the last 2 decades have led to an increase in the time spent by children and youth engaged in screen-based activities, and growing recognition of deleterious effects on health. In this systematic review of cohort and cross-sectional studies, we assess current data on the relationship between screen time and bone status in children and teenagers. Methods: We searched PUBMED and SCOPUS databases for studies of children and adolescents that assessed screen time and bone status, determined by measuring bone mineral content or density, bone stiffness index, bone speed of sound, bone broadband ultrasound attenuation, or frame index. Searches were limited to studies published between 1900 and 2020, and performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The studies included were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results: Ten cohort and cross-sectional studies including pediatric population were selected. The combined study population was 20,420 children/adolescents, of whom 18,444 participated in cross-sectional studies. Four studies assessed the effects of total screen time, seven the consequences of TV viewing time, and six the effects of recreational computer use on bone health. Our findings indicate an inverse association between total and weekly screen time and bone health in children and adolescents. In 57% of the studies included also a negative correlation between television viewing time and bone status was observed, while recreational computer time did not have a significant impact on bone health. According to the only four studies that included dietetic factors, no relevant differences were found between calcium intake and screen time or bone broadband ultrasound attenuation and bone speed of sound. Conclusions: Review of the literature of the past three decades provides strong support for comprehensive education of screen time on bone status. The findings of this systematic review support a negative association between screen time and bone status in children and adolescents, with a different impact when considering the different technological devices. As peak bone mass in adolescents is the strongest predictor of osteoporosis risk, strategies aimed at improving bone health should incorporate conscious use of digital technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmela de Lamas
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Paula Sánchez-Pintos
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Metabolic Unit, Neonatology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,IDIS-Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,European Reference Network for Rare Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), Madrid, Spain.,Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José de Castro
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Metabolic Unit, Neonatology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,IDIS-Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,European Reference Network for Rare Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), Madrid, Spain.,Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sáenz de Pipaon
- Department of Pediatrics-Neonatology, Autonomous University of Madrid, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luz Couce
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Metabolic Unit, Neonatology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,IDIS-Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,European Reference Network for Rare Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), Madrid, Spain.,Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Are Associated with Children's Psychological Health: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207509. [PMID: 33076407 PMCID: PMC7602583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protecting children’s mental health is important and studies have shown that diet and exercise can have a positive impact. There are limited data available, however, from representative populations of children on the relationship between regular healthy lifestyle behaviours and psychological health. Data were obtained from the New South Wales Child Population Health Survey, 2013–2014. Parents were asked about diet, physical activity and screen time behaviours and completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for one child aged 5–15. Higher SDQ scores indicate poorer psychological health and risk for mental health problems. Multivariable linear and logistic regression examined the relationships among dietary consumption, physical activity, screen time and SDQ scores, adjusting for potential confounding. Meeting screen time recommendations was most strongly associated with a lower SDQ total difficulties score (5–10 years: −1.56 (−2.68, −0.44); 11–15 years: −2.12 (−3.11, −1.12)). Children and adolescents who met screen time recommendations were also significantly less likely to have any score in the at-risk range. Children and adolescents meeting vegetable intake guidelines had significantly lower total difficulties scores (5–10 years: −1.54 (−3.03, −0.05); 11–15 years: −1.19 (−3.60, −0.39)), as did adolescents meeting discretionary food guidelines (−1.16 (−2.14, −0.18)) and children consuming the recommended fruit intake (−1.26 (−2.42, −0.10)). Our findings indicate that more effective interventions to increase the proportion of young Australians who meet the guidelines for diet and screen time would contribute to protecting their mental health.
Collapse
|
21
|
Hardy LL, Mihrshahi S. Elements of Effective Population Surveillance Systems for Monitoring Obesity in School Aged Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186812. [PMID: 32962004 PMCID: PMC7558984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The continuing high prevalence of child overweight and obesity globally means that it remains the most common chronic health condition in children. Population-based child obesity surveillance systems are critical for monitoring trends in obesity and related behaviours, and determining the overall effect of child obesity prevention strategies. Effective surveillance systems may vary in methods, scope, purpose, objectives, and attributes, and our aim was to provide an overview of child obesity surveillance systems globally, and to highlight main components and other types of survey data that can enhance our understanding of child obesity. Measures of adiposity, including body mass index and waist circumference are essential, but effective surveillance must also include measures of weight-related behaviours, including diet, physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep. While objective measures are desirable, the variability in psychometrics and rapid evolution of wearable devices is potentially problematic for examining long-term trends over time and how behaviours may change. Questionnaires on self-reported behaviours are often used but also have limitations. Because the determinants of obesity are not only functioning at the individual level, some measures of the broader environmental and commercial determinants, including the built and food environments, are useful to guide upstream policy decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L. Hardy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-86271846
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2190, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Touyz LM, Cohen J, Garnett SP, Grech AM, Gohil P, Cohn RJ, Wakefield CE. Acceptability and feasibility of a parent-targeted dietary intervention in young survivors of childhood cancer: "Reboot". Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28533. [PMID: 32649015 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assess the acceptability and feasibility of delivering Reboot, a telephone dietary intervention to parents of pediatric cancer survivors. The research question asks whether tailored dietary support is acceptable and feasible to deliver to parents of young cancer survivors who have recently completed cancer treatment? PROCEDURE Pre-post study. Nineteen parents of pediatric cancer survivors (aged 2-13 years) in remission, who had received cancer treatment at a tertiary children's hospital, less than 5 years prior to the intervention. Participants received four weekly 45-min telephone sessions led by a psychologist or dietitian and one postintervention booster session 6 weeks later. Sessions addressed strategies to increase children's vegetable and fruit intake. RESULTS Of the 19 parents who started the intervention, 14 completed all sessions within 8 weeks and 12 completed the booster session within 10 weeks. The mean session duration was 47 min. All participants reported that Reboot increased their confidence and knowledge about promoting healthy eating habits to their child. CONCLUSIONS Reboot is an acceptable intervention in young cancer survivors aimed at increasing vegetable and fruit intake after cancer treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS The results from the Reboot pilot provides preliminary evidence that a targeted intervention to improve the diets of childhood cancer survivors may be feasible with future modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Touyz
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Cohen
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah P Garnett
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison M Grech
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paayal Gohil
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Cohn
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Enablers and barriers to implementation of and compliance with school-based healthy food and beverage policies: a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2840-2855. [PMID: 32317047 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schools have been recognised as a potential setting for improving young peoples' food and beverage choices; however, many schools fail to adhere to healthy food and beverage policy standards. The current study aimed to explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation of and compliance with school-based food and beverage policies. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-synthesis. Eight electronic databases were searched for articles in June 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on implementation and/or compliance of school-based food and/or beverage policies with outcomes relating to enablers and/or barriers. This review had no restrictions on study design, year of publication or language. Seventy-two full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, of which twenty-eight were included in this review. SETTING Studies conducted globally that focused on schools. PARTICIPANTS School-based healthy food and beverage policies. RESULTS Financial (cost of policy-compliant foods, decreased profit and revenue), physical (availability of policy-compliant foods, close geographical proximity to unhealthy food outlets) and social (poor knowledge, understanding, and negative stakeholders' attitudes towards policy) factors were the most frequently reported barriers for policy implementation. Sufficient funding, effective policy communication and management, and positive stakeholders' attitudes were the most frequently reported enablers for policy implementation. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for better communication strategies, financial and social support prior to school-based food policy implementation. Findings of this review contribute to a thorough understanding of factors that underpin best practice recommendations for the implementation of school-based food policy, and inform those responsible for improving public health nutrition.
Collapse
|
24
|
Educational Intervention of Intention Change for Consumption of Junk Food among School Adolescents in Birgunj Metropolitan City, Nepal, Based on Theory of Planned Behaviors. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:7932324. [PMID: 32300487 PMCID: PMC7140134 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7932324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of junk food among adolescents has been recognized as a serious health problem in the world. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention program (interactive lecture) based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) for reducing junk food consumption among school adolescents in Birgunj Metropolitan City, Nepal. A structured questionnaire was deployed for collecting the data from four government schools. Pretest and Posttest group study design and simple random sampling techniques were used. A multiple linear regression model and a paired t-test were used to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention program. The theory of planned behavior indicates that behavioral intention of junk food consumption was different in pretest and posttest [5.43 ± 1.3 and 7.96 ± 0.3]. Furthermore, the average score of attitude toward junk food consumption was 11.9 ± 1.5 and 16.3 ± 1.6. Meanwhile, perceived behavior control (PBC) toward junk food was also different after intervention [2.42 ± 0.50 and 3.13 ± 0.58]. The interactive lecture method was proved an effective education program for changing the intentions of adolescent students and preventing them from consuming junk food which were statistically significant (<0.05). In addition, behavioral intention of junk food consumption, attitude toward junk food consumption, and perceived behavioral control toward junk food were statistically significant (<0.05). Therefore, study concluded that the intervention program has positive influence on the perceived behavior without control group of school-going adolescents.
Collapse
|
25
|
PEREIRA LJ, HINNIG PDF, DI PIETRO PF, ASSIS MAAD, VIEIRA FGK. Trends in food consumption of schoolchildren from 2nd to 5th grade: a panel data analysis. REV NUTR 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202033e190164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To identify trends in food consumption among schoolchildren (2nd-5th grades) from public schools in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil, in a period of three years. Methods Three cross-sectional surveys were carried out in 2013 (n=1,942), 2014 (n=1,989) and 2015 (n=2,418). Dietary intake data were obtained using the Web-Based Food Intake and Physical Activity of Schoolchildren questionnaire. Food items were aggregated to eight food groups. Kruskal-Wallis heterogeneity and trend tests were used to analyze the differences and trends among the mean intake frequency of food groups. Results There were trends to decrease the mean intake frequency of sweets in the total sample (2013: 0.72±0.91; 2014: 0.68±0.87; 2015: 0.67±0.89, p=0.03) which was determined by children between 7-9 years old (2013: 0.69±0.88; 2014: 0.64±0.85; 2015: 0.62±0.87, p=0.02), and boys (2013: 0.75±0.90; 2014: 0.70±0.86; 2015: 0.68±0.88, p=0.03). Younger children also tended to increase the mean intake frequency of fruits and vegetables (2013: 1.03±1.35; 2014: 1.16±1.45; 2015: 1.17±1.41, p=0.03) and those aged ten-12 years decreased their intake of dairy products (2013: 1.32±1.25; 2014: 1.23±1.18; 2015: 1.20±1.20, p=0.05). Conclusion The results suggest positive trends for younger children, with an increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in both sexes and decreased consumption of sweets for boys. Older children reduced their consumption of dairy products over the three-year period of this study.
Collapse
|
26
|
Scott B, Bolton KA, Strugnell C, Allender S, Marks J. Weight status and obesity-related dietary behaviours among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) children in Victoria, Australia. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:511. [PMID: 31870329 PMCID: PMC6927118 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In developed economies, obesity prevalence is high within children from some culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This study aims to identify whether CALD groups in Victoria, Australia, are at increased risk of childhood overweight and obesity, and obesity-related dietary behaviours; compared to their non-CALD counterparts. Methods Objective anthropometric and self-report dietary behavioural data were collected from 2407 Grade 4 and 6 primary school children (aged 9–12 years). Children were categorised into CALD and non-CALD cultural groups according to the Australian Standard Classification of Languages. Overweight/obesity was defined according to the World Health Organization growth reference standards. Obesity-related dietary behaviour categories included excess consumption of takeaway foods, energy-dense, nutrient-poor snacks and sugar sweetened beverages. T-tests and chi-square tests were performed to identify differences in weight status and dietary behaviours between CALD and non-CALD children. Logistic regression analyses examined the relationship between CALD background, weight status and dietary behaviours. Results Middle-Eastern children had a higher overweight/obesity prevalence (53.0%) than non-CALD children (36.7%; p < 0.001). A higher proportion of Middle-Eastern children had excess consumption of takeaway foods (54.9%), energy-dense, nutrient-poor snacks (36.6%) and sugar sweetened beverages (35.4%) compared to non-CALD children (40.4, 27.0 and 25.0%, respectively; p < 0.05). Southeast Asian and African children were 1.58 (95% CI = [1.06, 2.35]) and 1.61 (95% CI = [1.17, 2.21]) times more likely, respectively, to consume takeaway foods at least once per week than non-CALD children. Conclusions Disparities in overweight/obesity prevalence and obesity-related dietary behaviours among children in Victoria suggest the need for cultural-specific, tailored prevention and intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Scott
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claudia Strugnell
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Allender
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Marks
- Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute of Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vegetable intake in Australian children and adolescents: the importance of consumption frequency, eating occasion and its association with dietary and sociodemographic factors. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:474-487. [PMID: 31551110 DOI: 10.1017/s136898001900209x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to profile vegetable consumption and its association with dietary and sociodemographic factors. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a nationally representative nutrition survey. 'Vegetables' refers to non-discretionary 'vegetables and legumes/beans' as defined by the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). Prevalence of vegetable consumption, frequency of intake, proportion meeting ADG recommendations, most popular food groups, intake at each reported eating occasion, and the profile of high and low vegetable consumers (based on the median servings) were determined. SETTING Australian 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. PARTICIPANTS Children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years (n 2812). RESULTS Vegetables were consumed by 83·0% (95% CI 81·6, 84·4%) of participants, but the median vegetable servings was less than a third of the ADG recommendations. 'Leaf and stalk vegetables' and 'potatoes' were the most popular vegetable-dense food groups at lunch and dinner, respectively. Sixty-four percent had vegetables once a day, and predominantly at dinner. Vegetable frequency was positively associated with daily vegetable servings and variety. Participants who consumed vegetables twice a day generally had vegetables at both lunch and dinner and had nearly double the servings (2·6, sd 1·9) of those who consumed them once (1·5, sd 1·5). High vegetable consumers were older, had higher total energy, but lower discretionary energy intake and were less likely to be at risk of metabolic complications. CONCLUSION Increasing the frequency of vegetable consumption may assist with increasing daily vegetable servings. A focus on consuming vegetables at lunch may assist with increasing both total servings and variety.
Collapse
|
28
|
Digital media: Promoting healthy screen use in school-aged children and adolescents. Paediatr Child Health 2019; 24:402-417. [PMID: 31528113 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital media are integrated into the everyday lives of children and adolescents, with potential benefits and risks for learning, mental and physical health, and for social life. This statement examines the cognitive, psychosocial, and physical effects of digital media on school-aged children and adolescents, with a focus on family routines, context, and activities. Evidence-based guidance for clinicians and families involves four principles: healthy management, meaningful screen use, positive modelling, and balanced, informed monitoring of screen time and behaviours.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu L, Yao R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li T, Chen M, Liu W, Han H, Bi L, Fu L. The association between digit ratio (2D:4D) and overweight or obesity among Chinese children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Early Hum Dev 2019; 136:14-20. [PMID: 31284129 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between 2D:4D and childhood overweight or obesity, which might indirectly show the role of prenatal hormone in childhood overweight or obesity. METHODS Using stratified cluster sampling approach, a school-based cross-sectional investigation was undertaken among 687 children and adolescents aged 8-15 years. Each participant's index finger (2D) and ring finger (4D) length, height, weight, testosterone, and estradiol levels were measured, and their dietary behaviors, physical and sedentary activities were also surveyed. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight or obesity among children and adolescents aged 8- and 12-15 years was 36.0% and 25.9%, respectively (P < 0.05). There were no associations between 2D:4D and overweight or obesity in both boys and girls (P > 0.05). However, 2D and multiplying index of digit ratio and length (MIDRL) associated directly with overweight or obesity among boys (OR (95%CI) were 1.45 (1.00, 2.14), 1.46 (1.01, 2.11), respectively), and was indirectly related to overweight or obesity by testosterone (OR were 1.30, 1.26, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In boys, 2D and MIDRL were directly related to overweight or obesity, and indirectly associated with overweight or obesity by testosterone, which suggested that prenatal hormone exposure might associate with overweight or obesity among boys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Rongying Yao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Manman Chen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China
| | - Linda Bi
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lianguo Fu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Les médias numériques : la promotion d'une saine utilisation des écrans chez les enfants d'âge scolaire et les adolescents. Paediatr Child Health 2019; 24:402-417. [PMID: 31528112 PMCID: PMC6736151 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Les médias numériques font partie du quotidien des enfants et des adolescents. Ils comportent des bienfaits potentiels et des risques pour leur apprentissage, leur santé mentale et physique et leur vie sociale. Le présent document de principes aborde les effets cognitifs, psychosociaux et physiques de ces médias sur les enfants d'âge scolaire et les adolescents, notamment sur les habitudes, le contexte et les activités de la famille. Les conseils fondés sur des données probantes destinés aux cliniciens et aux familles reposent sur quatre principes : une gestion saine, une utilisation constructive, un exemple positif et une surveillance équilibrée et éclairée du temps d'écran et des comportements s'y rapportant.
Collapse
|
31
|
Hardy LL, MacNiven R, Esgin T, Mihrshahi S. Cross-sectional changes in weight status and weight related behaviors among Australian children and Australian Indigenous children between 2010 and 2015. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211249. [PMID: 31287823 PMCID: PMC6615594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2006 there has been substantial long-term investment in school-based child obesity prevention programs in New South Wales (Australia). Whether these programs have led to population level improvements in children's weight status and weight-related behaviors are yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in children's weight status and weight-related behaviors, including Indigenous children, who are at greater risk of poorer health outcomes than non-Indigenous children. METHODS Representative cross-sectional population surveys conducted in 2010 and 2015 among children age 5-16 years (n = 15,613). Objective measurements included height, weight, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, and fundamental movement skills. Indigenous status and indicators of weight-related behavior (i.e., diet, physical activity, school travel, screen-time) were measured by questionnaire with parents responding for children age <10 years and self-report by children age ≥10 years. RESULTS The prevalences of overweight/obesity, obesity and abdominal obesity were higher in 2015, than 2010, and higher among Indigenous than non-Indigenous children at both timepoints. There were some small positive changes towards healthier weight-related behaviors between surveys among all children, but many unhealthy weight-related behaviors remain highly prevalent. The magnitude of changes and the 2015 prevalences of weight-related behaviors were generally similar for Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. CONCLUSIONS Schools play an important role in health promotion, but our findings suggest the current approaches need re-thinking. Upstream factors that shape weight-related behaviors such as the regulation of the food industry and food environment, urban, neighborhood and public transport planning must be including in solutions to ensure populations can eat healthily and be physical active.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L. Hardy
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rona MacNiven
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tuguy Esgin
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hardy LL, Jin K, Mihrshahi S, Ding D. Trends in overweight, obesity, and waist-to-height ratio among Australian children from linguistically diverse backgrounds, 1997 to 2015. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:116-124. [PMID: 29980760 PMCID: PMC6331387 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the cross-sectional prevalence and 18-year trends in overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among Australian children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. SUBJECTS/METHODS Four cross-sectional population health surveys conducted among children (age 4-16 years; n=26, 449) in 1997-2004-2010-2015 in New South Wales, (NSW) Australia. Adiposity outcomes were measured by trained field staff using standard procedures. Binomial regression models with a robust error variance were used to estimate prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overweight and obesity, obesity, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5 for children from Asian, European, and Middle Eastern language backgrounds compared with children from English-speaking backgrounds, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Over time, children from Middle Eastern language backgrounds were consistently more likely to be overweight-obese (PR: 1.29-1.42), obese (PR: 1.49-1.65), and have WHtR ≥ 0.5 (PR: 1.42-1.90), compared with children from English-speaking backgrounds. Children from European language backgrounds generally had higher prevalence and children from Asian language backgrounds had lower prevalence, compared with children from English-speaking backgrounds. Between 1997 and 2015, there were significant trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity combined among children from English-speaking (PR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09), Middle Eastern (PR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.24), and Asian language backgrounds (PR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.24). The prevalence of WHtr ≥ 0.5 increased among children from English-speaking (PR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.13, 1.31) and Middle Eastern (PR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.16, 1.56) language backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the prevalence of overweight and obesity and abdominal obesity is high among NSW children from CALD backgrounds and has increased over time. This suggests that there is a greater scope in understanding, developing, and implementing interventions across the early life-course of children from CALD backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L Hardy
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kai Jin
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ahluwalia N, Frenk SM, Quan SF. Screen time behaviours and caffeine intake in US children: findings from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). BMJ Paediatr Open 2018; 2:e000258. [PMID: 30019017 PMCID: PMC6045721 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2018-000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen time (ST) behaviours, for example, television (TV) watching and computer use, among youth are associated with unhealthy eating, and these patterns track over time. A positive association between ST and TV watching with consumption of caffeinated foods and beverages has been described in national samples of children in a few European countries. The association of ST behaviours with caffeine intake has not been previously reported. We examined whether ST behaviours were associated with caffeine intake on a given day (% consumers and amount consumed) in a nationally representative sample of US children. METHODS Data on 3421 children (ages 6-11 years) from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012 were used. Time spent on TV watching and computer use was determined using questionnaires. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall by trained interviewers. Caffeine intake (mg) was estimated by using updated food and nutrient databases. Caffeine consumption was examined in relation to time spent (≥2 vs<2 hours/day) on ST behaviours. RESULTS Children who watched TV ≥2 hours/day had significantly higher (~45% more) caffeine intake. Total ST or computer use was not associated with caffeine consumption in school-aged children. CONCLUSION TV watching was positively associated with caffeine intake in school-aged children, suggesting the need for continued monitoring of ST and caffeine intake behaviours in children and adolescents as well as examining the correlates of these behaviours to inform nutrition and health policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namanjeet Ahluwalia
- Division of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Hyattsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven M Frenk
- Division of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Hyattsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hardy LL, Baur LA, Wen LM, Garnett SP, Mihrshahi S. Descriptive epidemiology of changes in weight and weight-related behaviours of Australian children aged 5 years: two population-based cross-sectional studies in 2010 and 2015. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019391. [PMID: 29627808 PMCID: PMC5892739 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Over the past 10-15 years there has been substantial investment in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, to reduce child obesity through interventions in children aged 0-5 years. We report changes in weight and weight-related behaviours of 5-year-old children. DESIGN Cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2010 and 2015. SETTING NSW schools (2010 n=44; 2015 n=41) PARTICIPANTS: Australian children in kindergarten (2010 n=1141 and 2015 n=1150). OUTCOME MEASURES Change in anthropometry and indicators of diet, screen time, school travel and awareness of health recommendations. Additionally, we examined 2015 differences in weight-related behaviours by sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 2.1% lower (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.83, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.04) and abdominal obesity 1.7% higher (AOR 1.35, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.98) in 2015 than 2010. Significant improvements in multiple weight-related behaviours were observed among children in the highest tertile of junk food consumption (AOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.80), rewarded for good behaviour with sweets (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.74) and had a TV in their bedroom (AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.96). In 2015, children from low socioeconomic neighbourhoods and non-English-speaking backgrounds were generally less likely to engage in healthy weight-related behaviours than children from high socioeconomic status neighbourhoods and from English-speaking backgrounds. Children in these demographic groups were less likely to eat breakfast daily, have high junk food intake and eat fast food regularly. Children from rural areas tended to have healthier weight-related behaviours than children from urban areas. CONCLUSIONS There were significant positive changes in 5-year-old children's weight-related behaviours but children from low socioeconomic neighbourhoods and from non-English-speaking backgrounds were more likely to engage in unhealthy weight-related behaviours than children from high socioeconomic neighbourhoods and English-speaking backgrounds. The findings indicate that there is a need to enhance population-level efforts and ensure community programmes are targeted and tailored to meet different subpopulation needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L Hardy
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in The Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li Ming Wen
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in The Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Health Promotion Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah P Garnett
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Kids Research Institute at the Children's Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence in The Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bundhun D, Rampadarath S, Puchooa D, Jeewon R. Dietary intake and lifestyle behaviors of children in Mauritius. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00546. [PMID: 29560459 PMCID: PMC5857626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the dietary intake, fruit, vegetable and energy intake and lifestyle behaviors among Mauritian children. A validated questionnaire was used, assessing dietary intake, mean energy intake, mean body mass index (BMI), lifestyle behaviors as well as nutritional knowledge (NK) among males and females. 336 children aged 6–12 years (165 males and 171 females) from 8 public primary schools were recruited. Statistical analyses revealed that children consumed less nutritious foods such as fruits, vegetables and whole grains and more of refined and calorie-laden foods, with no significant differences across genders. Mean energy intake of children was 1522 ± 282.4 kcal per day while mean BMI was 17.5 ± 4.03 kg/m2. Majority of children had a low-to-moderate physical activity level (PAL), with males being more active than females on average (P = 0.021). 88.7% of children watched TV for more than an hour daily, with 84.8% of them reporting to be eating during the process. Females were more likely to be breakfast skippers (P = 0.003). Maximum frequency of snacking was twice daily (72.7%) while consumption of fast food was once or twice weekly (44.0%). Results indicate the need for intervention with aim of improving the dietary and life quality of children in Mauritius.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Digvijayini Bundhun
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Sillma Rampadarath
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Daneshwar Puchooa
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hardy LL, Foley B, Partridge SR, Kite J, Bauman A, Chau J, Mihrshahi S. Frequent lunch purchases from NSW school canteens: a potential marker for children's eating habits? Aust N Z J Public Health 2018; 42:410-411. [PMID: 29442414 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L Hardy
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Bridget Foley
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Stephanie R Partridge
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - James Kite
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Josephine Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales
| |
Collapse
|