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Lu L, Galappaththi MCA, Patabendige NM, Feng YZ, Yang T, Karunarathna SC, Xie JT, Gentekaki E, Rapior S, Charria-Girón E, Stadler M, Ding WF, Tian FH, Zeng XY. Metabolomic profiles of the infection pathways of Calcarisporium cordycipiticola on the cultivated and medicinal mushroom, Cordyceps militaris. Fungal Biol 2025; 129:101561. [PMID: 40222762 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a widely cultivated mushroom with multiple medicinal properties. However, the emergence of white mildew disease caused by Calcarisporium cordycipiticola has become a serious dilemma, leading to economic losses in its industrial production. The genome of Ca. cordycipiticola possesses more secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and a smaller number of genes encoding for carbohydrate-active enzyme secretion than other mycoparasites. To uncover those functional metabolites correlated with the infection process, metabolomic profiles between healthy C. militaris fruit bodies (CK) and healthy (HFB) and diseased (DFB) parts of infected C. militaris fruit bodies by Ca. cordicipiticola were compared based on untargeted metabolomic analyses. The function of different metabolites during the pathogen infection and host response processes were further analyzed according to their respective metabolic pathways. Results of key metabolic pathway analyses suggested that a sterigmatocystin-like metabolite functions as one of the virulence factors of white mildew disease on C. militaris, whereas S-adenosyl-L-methionine represents a hub intermediate in both processes of pathogen infection and host response, highlighting the relevance of methyl group turnovers in this battle. More importantly, the detection of toxic metabolites in diseased C. militaris fruiting bodies suggests that this macrofungus contaminated by Ca. cordycipiticola should not be consumed due to the risk that it may contain related instead toxins. This study hypothesizes on the scenario of key metabolic biosynthesis in the battle between Ca. cordycipiticola and C. militaris. Our instead findings not only shed light on the interaction between the pathogen and the host but also provide crucial insights for the development of effective prevention and control strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushrooms, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiangrai,57100, Thailand; School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiangrai, 57100, Thailand; Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education of the Deep-Time Evolution on Biodiversity from the Origin of the Pearl River, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, PR China
| | | | - Nimesha M Patabendige
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Yu-Zhe Feng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Samantha C Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education of the Deep-Time Evolution on Biodiversity from the Origin of the Pearl River, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, PR China
| | - Jiang-Tao Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Eleni Gentekaki
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiangrai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Sylvie Rapior
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, cedex 5, 34093, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Botany, Phytochemistry and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, CS 14491, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, cedex 5, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Esteban Charria-Girón
- Dept. Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Dept. Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany; Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wei-Feng Ding
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, PR China; Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushrooms, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Institute of Edible Mushrooms, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiangrai,57100, Thailand.
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Correa-Barbosa J, Brígido HPC, Matte BF, Campos PSD, Lamers ML, Sodré DF, Nascimento PHC, Ferreira GG, Vale VV, Marinho AMDR, Siqueira JEDS, Coelho-Ferreira MR, Monteiro MC, Dolabela MF. Healing and leishmanicidal activity of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. Front Chem 2025; 13:1504998. [PMID: 40235717 PMCID: PMC11996901 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1504998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum rhoifolium is used in folk medicine as an antiparasitic agent. Therefore, this study evaluated the phytochemical aspects and biological activities of Z. rhoifolium. For this, the ethanolic extract (EE) was obtained by macerating the peel with ethanol and subjected to acid-base partition to obtain the neutral fractions (FN) and alkaloid fractions (FA). These samples were analyzed using chromatography techniques. From this, a substance was isolated from FN and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance. For biological activity, strains of Leishmania amazonensis were used for leishmanicidal activity. For cytotoxicity, cell viability methods were used and finally, the selectivity index (SI) was determined. Cell proliferation assay (SRB method) was also performed, such as a wound healing assay. After analysis, it was inferred that in chromatography, EE, FN and FA presented peaks suggestive of alkaloids, and the alkaloid chelerythrine was isolated from FN. In antiparasitic activity against promastigotes, EE, FN and FA were active. Against amastigotes, the infection inhibition index was dose dependent for EE and FN. In the cytotoxicity test (J774), EE and FN showed moderate cytotoxicity, while FA demonstrated cytotoxicity. In VERO strain, EE and FA showed moderate cytotoxicity, while FN was not cytotoxic. Finally, considering the SI, EE, FN and FA showed high selectivity. Furthermore, EE and FN increased cell proliferation and FN promoted a healing effect. Thus, it is highlighted that the specie Z. rhoifolium presented antileishmanial activity and selectivity for the parasite, and its FN presented healing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Correa-Barbosa
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Belém, Brazil
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Heliton Patrick Cordovil Brígido
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Postgraduate Program (BIONORTE), Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Franzen Matte
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paloma Santos De Campos
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniele Ferreira Sodré
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Gleison Gonçalves Ferreira
- Botany Coordination, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Comunicações, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Valdicley Vieira Vale
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Belém, Brazil
| | | | - José Edson De Sousa Siqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Márlia Regina Coelho-Ferreira
- Botany Coordination, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Comunicações, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Coordinator of the National Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation INCT-PROBIAM Pharmaceuticals Amazonia, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Postgraduate Neuroscience and Cellular Biology Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Postgraduate Pharmacology and Biochemistry Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Fâni Dolabela
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Innovation Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA)Belém, Brazil
- Postgraduate Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, Institute of Health Sciences - Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
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Sun W, Xu Y, Liu Z, Liu W, Wang H, Chang G, Yang Z, Dong Z, Zeng J. Studies on pharmacokinetic properties and intestinal absorption mechanism of sanguinarine chloride: in vivo and in situ. Toxicol Mech Methods 2025; 35:43-52. [PMID: 39087424 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2383366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Sanguinarine (SAN) is an alkaloid with multiple biological activities, mainly extracted from Sanguinaria canadensis or Macleaya cordata. The low bioavailability of SAN limits its utilization. At present, the nature and mechanism of SAN intestinal absorption are still unclear. The pharmacokinetics, single-pass intestinal perfusion test (SPIP), and equilibrium solubility test of SAN in rats were studied. The absorption of SAN at 20, 40, and 80 mg/L in different intestinal segments was investigated, and verapamil hydrochloride (P-gp inhibitor), celecoxib (MPR2 inhibitor), and ko143 (BCRP inhibitor) were further used to determine the effect of efflux transporter proteins on SAN absorption. The equilibrium solubility of SAN in three buffer solutions (pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8) was investigated. The oral pharmacokinetic results in rats showed that SAN was rapidly absorbed (Tmax=0.5 h), widely distributed (Vz/F = 134 L/kg), rapidly metabolized (CL = 30 L/h/kg), and had bimodal phenomena. SPIP experiments showed that P-gp protein could significantly affect the effective permeability coefficient (Peff) and apparent absorption rate constant (Ka) of SAN. Equilibrium solubility test results show that SAN has the best solubility at pH 4.5. In conclusion, SAN is a substrate of P-gp, and its transport modes include efflux protein transport, passive transport and active transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanyu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zihui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Bhandare SD, Malode SS. Cytotoxic activity of isoquinoline alkaloids and herbal extracts from selected plants against human cancer cell lines: harnessing the research potential in cancer drug discovery with modern scientific trends and technology. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:1034-1040. [PMID: 38145094 PMCID: PMC10734601 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of cancer has led to a growing interest in alternative medicine methods and treatments. This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of isoquinoline alkaloids and herbal extracts from selected plants against human cancer cell lines, including melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The investigation involved in vitro cell viability assays using various cancer cell lines and normal skin fibroblasts as control cells. Additionally, a zebrafish model was employed for in vivo evaluation of cytotoxic activity. The results indicated that the tested alkaloids and extracts exhibited promising cytotoxic effects, showing higher potency than standard chemotherapeutic drugs. In comparison, these findings support the exploration of isoquinoline alkaloids and herbal extracts as potential candidates for developing novel anti-melanoma and anti-squamous cell carcinoma drugs. The primary inclusion criterion that was taken into consideration in this study effort was the therapeutic application of the cytotoxic effects of specific plant-based pharmacological components or chemicals produced from herbal extracts that are ordinarily cytotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Dilip Bhandare
- Nashik Gramin Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Bramha Valley Educational Campus, Anjaneri, Trambakeshwar, Trambak Road, Nashik, Maharashtra 422213, India
| | - Sarika Shivaji Malode
- Nashik Gramin Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Bramha Valley Educational Campus, Anjaneri, Trambakeshwar, Trambak Road, Nashik, Maharashtra 422213, India
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He ZW, Jiang BSKY, Sun XH, Tang M, Liu YW, Guan LP, Wu D. Benzothiazole-Propanamide Linker Pyrrolidine (Morpholine) as Monoamine Oxidase-B and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301271. [PMID: 37806964 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
According to the fusion technique create effective multi-target-directed ligands, in this study, we designed and synthesized a series of benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) or 3-(morph- olino-1-yl)propanamide derivatives, and evaluated their inhibitory potency against MAOs, AChE, BuChE by in vitro enzyme effect assays. Based on activity results, we found that derivatives N-(5-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide (2 c) and N-(6-bromobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide (2 h) showed good inhibitory potency against BuChE with IC50 values of 15.12 μM and 12.33 μM, respectively. Besides, 2 c and 2 h also exhibited selective MAO-B inhibitory effects with inhibition rates of 60.10 % and 66.30 % at 100 μM, respectively. In contrast, all designed derivatives were poor active against AChE and MAO-A at a concentration of 100 μM. The toxicity analysis in vitro by MTT and AO/EB fluorescence staining confirmed that 2 c and 2 h were nontoxic up to 100 μM. Molecular modeling studies showed that 2 c and 2 h could bind to the active site of BuChE. This research paves the way for further study aimed at designing MAO-B and BuChE inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen He
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - B S Kai-Yin Jiang
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hao Sun
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - Min Tang
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Wen Liu
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Guan
- Food and Pharmacy College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316022, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130015, P. R. China
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Kulíšková P, Vašátková L, Slaninová I. Quaternary Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids Act as Smac Mimetics and Overcome Resistance to Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15405. [PMID: 37895085 PMCID: PMC10607862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in cell death signaling pathways are one of the hallmarks of cancer and can lead to resistance to conventional therapy. Natural products are promising compounds that can overcome this resistance. In the present study we studied the effect of six quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids (QBAs), sanguinarine, chelerythrine, sanguirubine, chelirubine, sanguilutine, and chelilutine, on Jurkat leukemia cells, WT, and cell death deficient lines derived from them, CASP3/7/6-/- and FADD-/-, and on solid tumor, human malignant melanoma, A375 cells. We demonstrated the ability of QBAs to overcome the resistance of these deficient cells and identified a novel mechanism for their action. Sanguinarine and sanguirubine completely and chelerythrine, sanguilutine, and chelilutine partially overcame the resistance of CASP3/7/6-/- and FADD-/- cells. By detection of cPARP, a marker of apoptosis, and pMLKL, a marker of necroptosis, we proved the ability of QBAs to induce both these cell deaths (bimodal cell death) with apoptosis preceding necroptosis. We identified the new mechanism of the cell death induction by QBAs, the downregulation of the apoptosis inhibitors cIAP1 and cIAP2, i.e., an effect similar to that of Smac mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kulíšková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (L.V.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vašátková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (L.V.)
| | - Iva Slaninová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A6, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (L.V.)
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( S)- N-Benzyl-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoqunoline-2(1 H)-carboxamide Derivatives, Multi-Target Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase and Cholinesterase: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041654. [PMID: 36838642 PMCID: PMC9967051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of (S)-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-carboxamide derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and-B, acetylcholine esterase (AChE), and butyrylcholine esterase (BChE). Four compounds (2i, 2p, 2t, and 2v) showed good inhibitory activity against both MAO-A and MAO-B, and two compounds (2d and 2j) showed selective inhibitory activity against MAO-A, with IC50 values of 1.38 and 2.48 µM, respectively. None of the compounds showed inhibitory activity against AChE; however, 12 compounds showed inhibitory activity against BChE. None of the active compounds showed cytotoxicity against L929cells. Molecular docking revealed several important interactions between the active analogs and amino acid residues of the protein receptors. This research paves the way for further study aimed at designing MAO and ChE inhibitors for the treatment of depression and neurodegenerative disorders.
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