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De Silva DA, Anderson EA, Kim J, Ting Lee ML, Thoma ME. The Association Between Prenatal Food Insecurity and Breastfeeding Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration: A Longitudinal Study Using Oregon PRAMS and PRAMS-2, 2008-2015. Breastfeed Med 2024; 19:368-377. [PMID: 38506260 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: In the United States, 11.1% of households experience food insecurity; however, pregnant women are disproportionately affected. Maternal food insecurity may affect infant feeding practices, for example, through being a source of chronic stress that may alter the decision to initiate and continue breastfeeding. Thus, we sought to determine whether prenatal food insecurity was associated with breastfeeding (versus not) and exclusive breastfeeding duration among Oregon women. Method: The Oregon Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data of live births from 2008 to 2015 and the Oregon PRAMS-2 follow-up survey were used (n = 3,624) in this study. Associations with breastfeeding initiation and duration were modeled with multivariable logistic regression and accelerated failure time (AFT), respectively. Models were adjusted for maternal sociodemographic and pre-pregnancy health characteristics. Results: Nearly 10% of women experienced prenatal food insecurity. For breastfeeding initiation, unadjusted models suggested non-significant decreased odds (odds ratio (OR) 0.88 [confidence intervals (CI): 0.39, 1.99]), whereas adjusted models revealed a non-significant increased odds (OR 1.41 [CI: 0.58, 3.47]). Unadjusted AFT models suggested that food-insecure mothers had a non-significant decrease in exclusive breastfeeding duration (OR 0.76 [CI: 0.50, 1.17]), but adjustment for covariates attenuated results (OR 0.89 [CI: 0.57, 1.39]). Conclusions: Findings suggest minimal differences in breastfeeding practices when exploring food security status in the prenatal period, though the persistence of food insecurity may affect exclusive breastfeeding duration. Lower breastfeeding initiation may be due to other explanatory factors correlated with food insecurity and breastfeeding, such as education and marital status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dane A De Silva
- Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Elaine A Anderson
- Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Mei-Ling Ting Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Marie E Thoma
- Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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2
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Pawlak K, Malak-Rawlikowska A, Hamulczuk M, Skrzypczyk M. Has food security in the EU countries worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic? Analysis of physical and economic access to food. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302072. [PMID: 38630700 PMCID: PMC11023501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to provide an ex-post assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food insecurity in the EU-27 countries expressed by physical and economic food access. We analysed trade and price effects, together with food insecurity and malnutrition indicators. Actual levels of the indicators were compared with their pre-pandemic magnitudes and/or with counterfactual levels derived from predictive models. We also aimed to compare the objective statistics with the subjective consumers' perception of their households' food security. Our research indicates that the EU food trade was more resilient to COVID-19 impacts than the trade in non-food products, while food trade decreases were of a temporary nature. This did not affect the trade balance significantly; however, the import reduction threatened the physical food access in most EU countries. Regarding economic food access, the results indicate that the increase in food prices was offset by the increase in disposable income. It may suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the deterioration of economic access to food in the EU countries. However, the prevalence of severe food insecurity in the total population or the proportion of households reporting inability to afford a meal with meat, chicken, fish, or a vegetarian equivalent increased in 2020-2021 compared to 2019. This means that the comparative analysis of the real data on prices and households' income, as well as consumer financial situation and food consumption affordability, does not offer a clear answer concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food security of EU households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pawlak
- Department of Economics and Economic Policy in Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Malak-Rawlikowska
- Department of Economics and Organisation of Enterprises, Institute of Economics and Finance, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Hamulczuk
- Department of International Economics and Agribusiness, Institute of Economics and Finance, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Skrzypczyk
- Department of International Economics and Agribusiness, Institute of Economics and Finance, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Mendes GDRL, Souza HFD, Lopes JPA, Rocha ACS, Faria RB, Santos FRD, Mesquita BMADCD, Santos SHS, Durães CAF, Ferreira SR, Boitrago SCODS, Leal JS, Kamimura ES, Brandi IV. A fermented milk drink with Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp and whey is effective for weight gain and re-nutrition in malnourished: An in vivo study in mice and children. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114083. [PMID: 38448094 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Malnutrition is considered one of the major public health problems worldwide and negatively affects the growth, development and learning of schoolchildren. This study developed and evaluated a fermented milk drink with added Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp in the weight gain and renutrition of mice submitted to malnutrition by calorie restriction, and in malnourished children. The supplementation with this fermented milk drink contributed to an increase of 7.2 % in body weight, and 64.3 % in albumin, and a reduction of 35 % in cholesterol in malnourished mice. In humans, a group of nine malnourished children consumed a daily 200 mL serving of the milk drink (for 60 days). For humans, the fermented milk drink allowed an increase of 16.5 % in body weight, and 20.9 % in body mass index in malnourished children. In conclusion, fermented milk drink has a positive effect on the re-nutrition of malnourished mice and helps to improve the nutritional status of malnourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela da Rocha Lemos Mendes
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Handray Fernandes de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Antunes Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Santos Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Raquel Borges Faria
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Department of Food Technology, Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho de Mesquita
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carla Adriana Ferreira Durães
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sildimar Rodrigues Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Santos Leal
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Eliana Setsuko Kamimura
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor Viana Brandi
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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4
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Johnson KA, Owens C, Edelson HC, Yonker M, Robinson-Mosley S, Park J, Cook M. Food insecurity in pediatric HIV: understanding a critical challenge in the United States. AIDS Care 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38387444 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2287734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Advancing the well-being of individuals living with HIV necessitates attention to social determinants of health, including food insecurity. Through a clinical and community-based needs assessment, we aimed to gain insight into experiences of food insecurity among patients receiving care at a large pediatric HIV outpatient clinic in the Southeastern United States. We adopted a multimodal assessment approach involving a literature review, community profiling, key informant interviews, focus group discussions with staff, patients and parents and a community stakeholder advisory meeting. Our needs assessment demonstrates that food insecurity is an important aspect of the lived experience of children, adolescents and young adults living with HIV. Clinical staff agreed that food insecurity screening should be incorporated into the patient care workflow but ideally only in concert with providing resources that meet their needs. We formulated a recommendation matrix for addressing food insecurity based on priority importance and feasibility. Collaborative relationships between healthcare practitioners and leaders, community-based organizations and local and federal funding sources are vital for enhancing patients' access to sustainable, reliable solutions to this fundamental determinant of health. Our approach provides a tested model for other clinics seeking to identify and alleviate food insecurity among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliah A Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Palliative Care, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- The Ponce de Leon Center, Grady Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caroline Owens
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Hannah Claire Edelson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oliver View- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Magdalene Yonker
- The Ponce de Leon Center, Grady Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Jenny Park
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Miranda Cook
- Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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5
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Perry TT, Grant TL, Dantzer JA, Udemgba C, Jefferson AA. Impact of socioeconomic factors on allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:368-377. [PMID: 37967769 PMCID: PMC10922531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Allergic and immunologic conditions, including asthma, food allergy, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, are among the most common chronic conditions in children and adolescents that often last into adulthood. Although rare, inborn errors of immunity are life-altering and potentially fatal if unrecognized or untreated. Thus, allergic and immunologic conditions are both medical and public health issues that are profoundly affected by socioeconomic factors. Recently, studies have highlighted societal issues to evaluate factors at multiple levels that contribute to health inequities and the potential steps toward closing those gaps. Socioeconomic disparities can influence all aspects of care, including health care access and quality, diagnosis, management, education, and disease prevalence and outcomes. Ongoing research, engagement, and deliberate investment of resources by relevant stakeholders and advocacy approaches are needed to identify and address the impact of socioeconomics on health care disparities and outcomes among patients with allergic and immunologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara T Perry
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Ark.
| | - Torie L Grant
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | | | - Chioma Udemgba
- National Institute of Allergic and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Akilah A Jefferson
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Ark; Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Ark
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Frim YG, Garvey KC, Gordon E, Rhodes ET. Screening for Food Insecurity in a Pediatric Diabetes Program: Provider and Parent/Guardian Perspectives. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024:99228231222987. [PMID: 38243651 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231222987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Food insecurity (FI) is associated with poor health outcomes in children, and studies have shown higher FI among children with diabetes mellitus. This study assessed provider (N = 22, 35.5% response rate) and parent/guardian (N = 207, 14.6% response rate) perspectives toward FI screening in a pediatric diabetes program. Among 22 providers, most "rarely" (54.5%) or "never" (27.3%) screened for FI although all felt that screening was at least "slightly important." Barriers included lack of time (63.6%), not remembering to screen (59.1%), lack of knowledge about how to address positive screens (45.5%), and being unsure how to screen (40.9%). Among 186 parent/guardians, only 24.1% had been asked about FI at a pediatric medical appointment, but only 8.6% disliked the idea of being asked by a medical provider at endocrinology visits. To be effective and sustainable, FI screening must fit within the visit flow, and providers need education on how to address positive screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonina G Frim
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Mass General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharine C Garvey
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin Gordon
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erinn T Rhodes
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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7
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Tan ST, Tan CX, Tan SS. Food insecurity, eating behaviour, and relative weight change among young adults in the aftermath of the COVID-19 lockdown. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38200665 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2301226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the association between food insecurity, eating behaviour and relative weight change among Malaysian young adults in the aftermath of the pandemic-led lockdown. Socio-demographics, body height, and body weight were self-reported by the young adults. Food security was assessed using the 8-item validated Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), while the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18-item (TFEQ-R18) was adopted to evaluate the eating behaviour of young adults. Of the 447, 45.9% maintained the same body weight as before the pandemic-led lockdown. While almost half of the young adults (47.2%) were food secure, about one-fourth (24.8%) suffered moderate-to-severe food insecurity. Meanwhile, the standardised raw scores for all the eating behaviour subscales were in the ascending order of cognitive restraint (49.37 ± 18.60) < uncontrolled eating (50.61 ± 20.37) < emotional eating (50.68 ± 24.50). The findings of the Sobel test indicated that the mediation effects of eating behaviour were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), suggesting that eating behaviour (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating) did not mediate the relationship between moderate-to-severe food insecurity and relative weight change. Health promotion interventions such as introducing food assistance programs, offering incentives for nutritious food purchases, and re-emphasising healthy eating are essential to rectify food insecurity and disordered eating among Malaysians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Tyug Tan
- Department of Healthcare Professional, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, University Drive, off Persiaran Olahraga, Shah Alam, Malaysia
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Chin Xuan Tan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Seok Shin Tan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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8
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Canter KS, Weaver L, Reed M, Chidekel A. Screening for food insecurity and mental health needs during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic: A patient experience project to meet an urgent clinical need. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024. [PMID: 38174835 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Canter
- Center for Healthcare Delivery Science, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Lauren Weaver
- Division of Social Services, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Michelle Reed
- Division of Clinical Nutrition Services, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Aaron Chidekel
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
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9
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Frank M, Daniel L, Hays CN, Shanahan ME, Naumann RB, McNaughton Reyes HL, Austin AE. Association of Food Insecurity With Multiple Forms of Interpersonal and Self-Directed Violence: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:828-845. [PMID: 37009984 PMCID: PMC10666476 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231165689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Economic stress, broadly defined, is associated with an increased likelihood of multiple forms of violence. Food insecurity is a distinct economic stressor and material hardship that is amenable to programmatic and policy intervention. To inform intervention and identify gaps in the current evidence base, we conducted a systematic review to synthesize and critically evaluate the existing literature regarding the association between food insecurity and five forms of interpersonal and self-directed violence: intimate partner violence (IPV), suicidality, peer violence and bullying, youth dating violence, and child maltreatment, in high-income countries. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and searched six electronic databases from their start date through February of 2022. We included studies that examined food insecurity as the exposure and an outcome measure of IPV, suicide, suicidality, peer violence, bullying, youth dating violence, or child maltreatment; were peer-reviewed and published in English; reported quantitative data; and took place in a high-income country. We identified 20 relevant studies. Nineteen studies found that food insecurity was associated with an increased likelihood of these forms of violence. Results highlight the potential for programs and policies that address food insecurity to function as primary prevention strategies for multiple forms of violence and underscore the importance of trauma-informed approaches in organizations providing food assistance. Additional theory-driven research with validated measures of food insecurity and clearly established temporality between measures of food insecurity and violence is needed to strengthen the existing evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Frank
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leah Daniel
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caroline N. Hays
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna E. Austin
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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10
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Treviño MS, Cherry KE, Njoroge WFM, Gerstein ED. Young Children's Development and Behavior: Associations with Timing of Household Food Insecurity in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Early Head Start Sample. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2023; 44:e617-e624. [PMID: 37871284 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the impact of household food insecurity (HFI) over time on behavioral and developmental health in early childhood while considering the impact of timing/persistence of HFI and potential differences among racially or ethnically minoritized children. METHODS Families from the Early Head Start Family and Child Experiences Study (N = 760) were followed longitudinally until age 3 years. Caregiver interview data were collected on HFI, problem behaviors (PBs), delays in development (DD), and sociodemographic information. Analysis of Covariances examined differences between persistent vs transient HFI. Multiple regressions examined the impact of HFI on PB and DD and whether this relation was stronger in racially or ethnically minoritized children. RESULTS The timing of HFI differentially affected PB, such that those with persistent HFI demonstrated greater PB than those with only early or only late HFI. A different pattern was identified for DD, in which those with late HFI had more DD than those with persistent HFI. Over and above other sociodemographics, including maternal risk factors and an income-to-needs ratio, HFI was associated with greater PB for children of all races and ethnicities. HFI was associated with more DD in non-Latino/a/e/x White families compared with non-Latino/a/e/x Black and Latino/a/e/x families. CONCLUSION Meaningful differences were found in how the persistence/timing of HFI is differentially associated with PB and DD. In addition, while controlling for socioeconomic risk, a cumulative risk effect was not observed in how HFI affected racially or ethnically minoritized children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica S Treviño
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kathryn E Cherry
- Women's Behavioral Health, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; and
| | - Wanjikũ F M Njoroge
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Emily D Gerstein
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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11
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Hopkins L, Schier H, May L, Westrick M, O'Piela D, Mazurek Melnyk B, Smith L, Gunther C. Patterns of participation in summer programming among United States' elementary children from low-income urban households: Results from the project SWEAT study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102475. [PMID: 37886725 PMCID: PMC10598049 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity increases among marginalized children during the summer when school is out of session. Summer programming that offers access to healthy meals and snacks may reduce the risk. There is a national call in the US for more research to assure equitable access to summer programming. The objective of this prospective observational study was to characterize patterns of participation in summer programming among elementary children from low-income urban neighborhoods of metropolitan[Blinded]. Summer programming was broadly defined (e.g., church, school, recreation center, community center). Caregivers(n = 100) received weekly text messages via TextIt during the summer (Jun-Aug 2017). They were asked: "How many days this week did [ChildName] attend a summer program? Please respond with a number from 0 to 5, where 0 - no days, 2 - 2 days, etc." Weekly counts were summed. Stepwise logistic and linear regression models were conducted to examine differences in patterns of attendance according to key sociodemographic characteristics. Mean age was 7.03 ± 0.23. 52 % identified as female, 70 % were low-income, and 80.0 % identified as Black. 51 % attended summer programming at least once; 49 % never attended. Those who attended at least once vs. not at all were more likely to be male(p < 0.01); 62.75 % males vs. 37.25 % females attended summer programming at least once, whereas 67.35 % females compared to 32.65 % males never attended. Overall mean attendance was 10.40 ± 1.43 days(out of 50). Mean + SE attendance was lower for females (7.52 + 1.76) vs. males (13.52 + 2.21)(p < 0.05), and non-Black (4.30 + 1.97) vs. Black (11.93 + 1.67)(p = 0.01) children. Future research is needed to understand barriers to participation in summer programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hopkins
- Department of Public Health and Prevention Science, College of Education and Health Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, USA
| | - Heather Schier
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Leah May
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Miranda Westrick
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Devin O'Piela
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Laureen Smith
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Carolyn Gunther
- College of Nursing, Martha S. Pitzer Center for Woman, Children, and Youth, The Ohio State University, USA
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12
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Sharma R, Lahariya C, Hossain MM. Impact of Climate Change, Food Insecurity, and COVID-19 on the Health of Neonates and Children: A Narrative Review. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:104-115. [PMID: 37505407 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, food insecurity, and epidemics affect all population sub-groups. This article reviews the current evidence on the relationships between climate change, food insecurity, and the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of newborn and child health. The authors searched Medline, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus databases using a structured approach. Food insecurity, particularly from the lack of food access and affordability, increased amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such as nationwide lockdowns, increased unemployment and financial instability, and school closures precipitated food insecurity. Children born to immigrant parents, belonging to racial and ethnic minority groupsor low-income families, and those who were Autistic were highly vulnerable. Climate change also contributes to food insecurity, with increased susceptibility among neonates and children compared to adults. There is a need for further research on the relationships between climate-linked exposures and COVID-19 transmission. Multisectoral collaborations and multilevel interventions are necessary to mobilize local and national resources for mitigating and preventing the synergistic effects of the three concurrent crises. The evidence-informed discourse on this topic can help in improved preparedness and response for future outbreaks and epidemics. The policy interventions for newborn and child survival need to factor in climate change, food insecurity, and emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Chandrakant Lahariya
- Integrated Department of Health Policy, Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India
- S.D. Gupta School of Public Health, The IIHMR University, Jaipur, India
| | - M Mahbub Hossain
- Department of Decision and Information Sciences, C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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Antwi J, Olawuyi Y, Bain S, Samuel K. Changes in food purchase, consumption and handling during COVID-19 pandemic among single person households. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294361. [PMID: 38019731 PMCID: PMC10686418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As a new type of consumer subject in the market that was formerly dominated by multiple person families, single households are driving the change in the buying structure. Food purchase activities have undergone significant changes since the outbreak of the COVID-19. The objective of this study was to assess and compare variations in food consumption, purchase and handling during the COVID-19 pandemic between single person households (SPH) and multiple person households. METHOD A cross-sectional study conducted among 211 individuals in communities in Harris and Waller Counties, Texas. Sociodemographic, food purchase, food consumption and food handling activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed with a validated COVID-19 Nutrition questionnaire. RESULTS Non-Hispanic Black participants constituted 42.6%, and 28.4% were Hispanics. Participants were made up of mostly aged 18-24 years (39.3%), 47.9% single household composition, 30.4% in full time employment, and 29.1% partook in food assistance programs. A large proportion of them had never used grocery pickup services, online grocery shopping and a farmers' market. During the COVID-19 pandemic, majority of the participants used more of large supermarkets, restaurant/fast food, and online grocery but food consumption seemed to remain the same for the majority of participants. For beverages, majority of participants consumed more water, less soda, and no alcohol. There was a significant association between single person household and higher restaurant/fast foods purchase. Many of the participants reported weight gain and less physical activity during the pandemic. CONCLUSION Restaurant meal purchases was more prevalent in single-person families. The results from the study have the potential to contribute to how public policy officials, food service, and health authorities forecast how different categories of consumers will react in pandemics and may be used to inform area-specific alleviation strategies to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Antwi
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States of America
| | - Yetunde Olawuyi
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States of America
| | - Shadiamon Bain
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States of America
| | - Kyndall Samuel
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States of America
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14
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O’Neal CW, Lucier-Greer M, Lewis C, Farnsworth M. Use of food distribution resources among military families with young children since the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1968-1975. [PMID: 37565497 PMCID: PMC10564604 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined military families' use of food distribution resources and military (e.g. rank) and non-military (e.g. race/ethnicity) characteristics associated with using food distribution resources. DESIGN Secondary data analyses from a cross-sectional survey in the first 6 months of 2021. SETTING A national sample of eligible families completed an online survey. PARTICIPANTS 8326 enlisted military families with an active duty service member in the United States Army or Air Force who applied for supplemental childcare funding distributed by National Military Family Association. RESULTS 13·2 % of the families reported utilising a food distribution resource in the past 12 months. Those with lower financial well-being were more likely to utilise such resources. Older (OR = 1·04, 95 % CI = 1·02, 1·05, P < 0·001), single-earner (OR = 0·73, 95 % CI = 0·61, 0·89, P = 0·001) families with a lower rank (OR = 0·69, 95 % CI = 0·64, 0·75, P < 0·001) and Army affiliation (compared with Air Force) (OR = 2·31, 95 % CI = 2·01, 2·67, P < 0·001) were more likely to utilise food distribution resources. Members of certain racial/ethnic minority groups were more likely to utilise food distribution resources than White respondents (OR from 1·47 for multi-racial to 1·69 for Asians), as were families with more dependent children (OR = 1·35, 95 % CI = 1·25, 1·47, P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS These results identify the extent of food distribution resource utilisation in military families with young children approximately 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic. The results also identify characteristics associated with their use of food distribution resources. Findings are discussed with an emphasis on prevention and intervention implications for military families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine W O’Neal
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, 202 Family Science Center II, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
| | - Mallory Lucier-Greer
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, 203 Spidle Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL36849, USA
| | | | - Meredith Farnsworth
- National Military Family Association, 2800 Eisenhower Avenue, Suite 250, Alexandria, VA22314, USA
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15
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Fisher L, Nelson RE, Ertem Z, Schechter-Perkins EM, Oster E, Branch-Elliman W. Lack of Association Between Pandemic School Mode Policy and Pediatric Body Mass Index Percentile Over Time. Child Obes 2023; 19:423-427. [PMID: 36036724 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During the 2020-2021 academic year, schools across the country were closed for prolonged periods. Prior research suggests that children tend to gain more weight during times of extended school closures, such as summer vacation; however, little is known about the impact of school learning mode on changes. Thus, the aim of this study was to measure the association between school mode (in-person, hybrid, remote) and pediatric body mass index (BMI) percentile increases over time. In this longitudinal, statewide retrospective cohort study in Massachusetts, we found that BMI percentile increased in elementary and middle school students in all learning modes, and that increases slowed but did not reverse following the statewide reopening. Body mass percentile increases were highest in elementary school aged children. Hispanic ethnicity and receipt of Medicaid insurance were also associated with increases. Additional research is needed to identify strategies to combat pediatric body mass percentile increases and to address disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Fisher
- Reliant Medical Group, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Richard E Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- IDEAS Center, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zeynep Ertem
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering Department, Binghamton University, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elissa M Schechter-Perkins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oster
- Department of Economics, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Westyn Branch-Elliman
- VA Boston Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Shad N, Colón-López V, Pérez CM, López-Cepero A. Challenges Accessing Food, Water, Healthcare Services, and Medications During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in Puerto Rico and Their Association with Self-Rated Health: Assessments of PR-CEAL. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01685-4. [PMID: 37405562 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic created challenges in accessing food, water, medications, and healthcare services some of which are linked with lower self-rated health (SRH). These challenges have already been documented in the US, but it remains unknown how the pandemic affected access to food, water, medications and healthcare services, and how these challenges relate to SRH in this group, a population experiencing profound health disparities and limited resources prior to the pandemic. OBJECTIVE To assess associations between challenges accessing food, water, healthcare, and medications during the COVID-19 pandemic and SRH among adults in Puerto Rico. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of Puerto Rico-CEAL. Adults (>18 years; n=582) completed an online survey (December 30, 2021-February 8, 2022). Presence of each challenge during the past 30 days was measured and analyzed individually and combined (0, 1, >2). SRH (rated from poor-excellent) was measured before and at pandemic. Change in SRH was calculated. Adjusted Poisson models with robust variance errors estimated prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS Experiencing food, water, medication, and healthcare challenges (vs. not) were associated with pandemic fair-poor SRH (PR=1.44, 95%CI=1.06-1.97; PR=1.59, 95%CI=1.15-2.18; PR=1.38, 95%CI=1.05-1.81; and PR=1.56,9 5%CI=1.15-2.12, respectively). Experiencing 2+ challenges (vs. none) was associated with pandemic fair-poor SRH (PR=1.77, 95%CI=1.22-2.55). Additionally, experiencing food, medication, and healthcare challenges (vs. not) was associated with decreased SRH (PR=1.35, 95%CI=1.08-1.69; PR=1.24, 95%CI=1.01-1.51; and PR=1.25, 95%CI=1.01-1.54, respectively), as well as experiencing 2+ challenges (vs. none; PR =1.49, 95%CI=1.15-1.92). CONCLUSION Challenges accessing food, water, medications, and healthcare services during the pandemic were associated with fair-poor SRH and decreased SRH in Puerto Rico. Public health policy should ensure access to basic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeli Shad
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivian Colón-López
- University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Cynthia M Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Andrea López-Cepero
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Kibe LW, Bosah A, Schrode KM, Kuo Y, Shaheen M, Adinkra E, Sanchez H, Bazargan M. Assessing Food Access, Exercise, and Dietary History among Older African American Parishioners During the COVID-19 Pandemic (C-FED Study): Design, Opportunities, Challenges, and Lessons Learned. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01657-8. [PMID: 37336866 PMCID: PMC11110797 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unhealthy diets and inadequate exercise are associated with chronic health conditions and excess mortality. Older African Americans do not meet dietary and exercise guidelines, and this may have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic due to individual and environmental factors, including food insecurity. Studies evaluating these dynamics are essential for developing interventions. This narrative details a study protocol and data collection experiences during the pandemic. METHODS Participants > 55 years African American old completed detailed food frequency, exercise, and food access questionnaires between October 2020 and July 2021. Observations of the study administrators (authors of this manuscript) for the duration of the study are presented. Details on the study design and reflections on the opportunities, challenges, and lessons learned are summarized. Future manuscripts will report data analysis of study findings. RESULTS A total of 123 older African American adults participated in the study, and 118 (70% female) completed all three questionnaires. More than 50% of the participants had at least two primary chronic conditions. About 85% were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Applying community-based participatory approaches, leveraging partnerships, and exercising flexibility approaches were pivotal to successfully implementing the study protocol. CONCLUSIONS Despite challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, detailed data on older African American adults' diet and exercise habits were obtained. Our study design and experiences will benefit future researchers. More importantly, results from our study will inform interventions and policies aimed at minimizing consequences associated with poor diet and exercise habits during the pandemic among this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy W Kibe
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA.
| | - Adaobi Bosah
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Katrina M Schrode
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Yufu Kuo
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Magda Shaheen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Edward Adinkra
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Humberto Sanchez
- Office of Research, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
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Koob C, Luo Y, Mobley C, Baxter S, Griffin S, Hossfeld C, Hossfeld L. Food Insecurity and Stress Among Rural Residents in South Carolina: The Moderating Influences of Household Characteristics, Neighborhood Social Environment and Food Environment. J Community Health 2023; 48:367-380. [PMID: 36469166 PMCID: PMC10765493 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Food insecurity is linked with poor physical and mental health outcomes, including anxiety, depression and stress. Rural residents in particular face unique challenges obtaining healthy food; the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the relationship between food insecurity and mental health outcomes. This study examines the relationship between food insecurity and stress, and the moderating influence of household characteristics, neighborhood social environment and food environment on this relationship, using a sample of 630 rural South Carolina (SC) residents during COVID-19. Two measures of stress were used in this study: current levels of stress and changes in stress since COVID-19. Results showed a gradient pattern between food insecurity and stress: rural residents with high food insecurity were 6.1 times more likely and those with moderate food insecurity were 3.4 times more likely to report higher level of general stress than those with low food insecurity; rural residents with high food insecurity were 3.3 times more likely and those with moderate food insecurity were 2.0 times more likely to report greater increase in stress after COVID-19 than those with low food insecurity. Neighborhood social environment and food environment provided a buffering effect on the relationship between food insecurity and stress. A stronger social environment after COVID-19 and higher levels of easiness in food access mitigated the negative impacts of food insecurity on stress. Efforts to ameliorate food insecurity should address these broader contextual variables, involving community-level factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Koob
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA.
| | - Ye Luo
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Catherine Mobley
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Samuel Baxter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Sarah Griffin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Cassius Hossfeld
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Leslie Hossfeld
- Dean of College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
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Dana LM, Wright J, Ward R, Dantas JAR, Dhaliwal SS, Lawrence B, O'Connor M, Booth S, Kerr DA, Pollard CM. Food Insecurity, Food Assistance, and Psychological Distress among University Students: Cross-Sectional Survey Western Australia, 2020. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112431. [PMID: 37299396 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
University students have been identified as a population sub-group vulnerable to food insecurity. This vulnerability increased in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess factors associated with food insecurity among university students and the differences between students with and without children. A cross-sectional survey of (n = 213) students attending one university in Western Australia measured food insecurity, psychological distress, and socio-demographic characteristics. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with food insecurity. Forty-eight percent of students who responded to the survey had experienced food insecurity in 2020. International students who were studying in Australia were nine times more likely to experience food insecurity than domestic students (AOR = 9.13; 95% CI = 2.32-35.97). International students with children were more likely to experience food insecurity than international students without children (p < 0.001) and domestic students with (p < 0.001) or without children (p < 0.001). For each unit increase in depression level, the likelihood of experiencing food insecurity increased (AOR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.12-2.33). Findings show a higher prevalence of food insecurity among international university students and students with children during the COVID-19 pandemic and that food insecurity was associated with higher levels of psychological distress. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the risk of food insecurity among Australian university students, particularly among international students, students with children, and those experiencing psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuwork Mitiku Dana
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Janine Wright
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rebecca Ward
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Jaya A R Dantas
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Satvinder S Dhaliwal
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jalan Inovasi, George Town 11800 USM, Malaysia
- Office of the Provost, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Rd, Singapore 599494, Singapore
| | - Blake Lawrence
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Moira O'Connor
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sue Booth
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Deborah A Kerr
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Christina M Pollard
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
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20
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Murtha JA, Alagoz E, Breuer CR, Eierman L, Jawara D, Farrar-Edwards D, Voils CI, Funk LM. Impact of COVID-19 on the Postoperative Bariatric Surgery Patient Experience. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e745-e751. [PMID: 35794783 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize patient and provider perceptions of the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on weight loss following bariatric surgery. BACKGROUND COVID-19 has disrupted routines and healthcare throughout the United States, but its impact on bariatric surgery patients' postoperative experience is unknown. METHODS Semistructured interviews with bariatric surgery patients, primary care providers, and health psychologists were conducted from April to November 2020. As part of a secondary analysis, patients and providers described how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the postoperative experience within 3 domains: dietary habits, physical activity, and follow-up care. Interview guides were created from 2 conceptual models: Torain's Surgical Disparities Model and Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Study team members derived codes, which were grouped into themes using conventional content analysis. RESULTS Thirty-four participants were interviewed: 24 patients (12 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 12 sleeve gastrectomy), 6 primary care providers, and 4 health psychologists. Patients were predominately female (83%) and White (79%). Providers were predominately female (90%) and White (100%). COVID-19 affected the postoperative bariatric surgery patient experience via 3 mechanisms: (1) it disrupted dietary and physical activity routines due to facility closures and fear of COVID-19 exposure; (2) it required patients to transition their follow-up care to telemedicine delivery; and (3) it increased stress due to financial and psychosocial challenges. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has exacerbated patient vulnerability. The pandemic is not over, thus bariatric surgery patients need ongoing support to access mental health professionals, develop new physical activity routines, and counteract increased food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Murtha
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Esra Alagoz
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Catherine R Breuer
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Lindsey Eierman
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Dawda Jawara
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Dorothy Farrar-Edwards
- Collaborative Center for Health Equity, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison School of Education, Madison, WI
| | - Corrine I Voils
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI
| | - Luke M Funk
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program (WiSOR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI
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21
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Baxter SLK, Koob CE, Hossfeld CML, Griffin SF, Mobley C, Hossfeld LH. Food Insecurity, the Food Environment, and COVID-19 in Rural South Carolina. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2023; 46:128-135. [PMID: 36799946 PMCID: PMC9930688 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the relationship between the food environment and food security among rural adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers, with assistance from community partners, conducted a cross-sectional survey assessing the impact of COVID-19 on food access, food security, and physical activity in 9 rural South Carolina (SC) counties. This survey was administered to a purposive sample (N = 587) from August 2020 to March 2021. The dependent variable was a binary indicator of food insecurity (past 3 months), in accordance with the USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, food environment factors (eg, shopping at grocery stores, partial markets, and farmers' markets), and shopping behaviors during the pandemic. Overall, 31% of respondents were food insecure. Food security status differed by income and household composition. Results indicate that the odds of food insecurity were higher for respondents who shopped frequently at partial markets (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.56) and shopped more for food before the pandemic than during the pandemic (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.07-2.64). Findings underscore the importance of examining the relationship between the food environment and food insecurity during COVID-19 in rural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. K. Baxter
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
| | - Caitlin E. Koob
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
| | - Cassius M. L. Hossfeld
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
| | - Sarah F. Griffin
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
| | - Catherine Mobley
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
| | - Leslie H. Hossfeld
- Public Health Science, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Baxter, Koob, Hossfeld and Griffin); Sociology, Athropology and Criminal Justice, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Mobley); and Dean of College of Behavioral, Social, and Health Sciences, College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina (Hossfeld)
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22
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Kibe LW, Bazargan M, Bosah A, Schrode KM, Kuo Y, Andikrah E, Shaheen M. Diet Quality of Older African Americans: Impact of Knowledge and Perceived Threat of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5274. [PMID: 37047890 PMCID: PMC10094625 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Confusing health messages and environmental changes intended to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus have affected the dietary behavior of older African Americans. We investigated the impact of COVID-19-related factors on diet quality and the relationship between food access and diet quality. We surveyed 150 African Americans aged 55 years and above during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data obtained included socio-demographic and health information, and COVID-19-related knowledge and perceptions. Dietary intake data was obtained using the Diet History Questionnaire III. Analyses included bivariate and multivariable statistics. Overall, based on United States Department of Agriculture guidelines, the diet quality of older African Americans was poor. Lower knowledge and a lower perceived threat of COVID-19 were significantly associated with poor diet quality. Additionally, older African Americans with chronic diseases and food insecurity had poor diet quality. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the fragility of diet quality. The combined impact of poor knowledge and perceived threat of COVID-19, chronic disease, and food insecurity contribute to poor diet quality in this population. This study adds to the well-known need for strategies to support the right to a healthy diet, particularly during COVID-19 and future pandemics. Proactive interventions to counteract the potential consequences of poor diets are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy W. Kibe
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Adaobi Bosah
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Katrina M. Schrode
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Yufu Kuo
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Edward Andikrah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Magda Shaheen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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23
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Slusher AL, Acevedo EO. Stress induced proinflammatory adaptations: Plausible mechanisms for the link between stress and cardiovascular disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1124121. [PMID: 37007994 PMCID: PMC10065149 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1124121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Initiating from Hans Selye’s conceptualization of stress physiology, to our present understanding of allostatic load as the cumulative burden of chronic psychological stress and life events, investigators have sought to identify the physiological mechanisms that link stress to health and disease. Of particular interest has been the link between psychological stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the number one cause of death in the United States. In this regard, attention has been directed toward alterations in the immune system in response to stress that lead to increased levels of systemic inflammation as a potential pathway by which stress contributes to the development of CVD. More specifically, psychological stress is an independent risk factor for CVD, and as such, mechanisms that explain the connection of stress hormones to systemic inflammation have been examined to gain a greater understanding of the etiology of CVD. Research on proinflammatory cellular mechanisms that are activated in response to psychological stress demonstrates that the ensuing low-grade inflammation mediates pathways that contribute to the development of CVD. Interestingly, physical activity, along with its direct benefits to cardiovascular health, has been shown to buffer against the harmful consequences of psychological stress by “toughening” the SAM system, HPA axis, and immune system as “cross-stressor adaptations” that maintain allostasis and prevent allostatic load. Thus, physical activity training reduces psychological stress induced proinflammation and attenuates the activation of mechanisms associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Finally, COVID-19 associated psychological stress and its associated health risks has provided another model for examining the stress-health relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Slusher
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Athletics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Aaron L. Slusher,
| | - Edmund O. Acevedo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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24
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Makate M, Makate C. Leaving No Women Behind: Evaluating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Livelihood Outcomes in Kenya and Ethiopia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5048. [PMID: 36981957 PMCID: PMC10049247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has revolutionised our lives, bringing with it the twin crises of illness and the need for an optimal mix of policies to alleviate its impact on the population. There needs to be more evidence on the effects of the pandemic on livelihood outcomes, including an understanding of whether female-headed families in low-income countries fare worse than their male-headed counterparts during pandemics. Using high-frequency phone surveys conducted in Ethiopia and Kenya, we examine the aggregate impact of the pandemic on income and consumption losses, as well as food insecurity. The empirical analysis estimates linear probability models that relate livelihood outcomes with household headship and other socioeconomic characteristics as controls. Overall, the pandemic increased the likelihood of food insecurity while decreasing income and consumption, particularly among female-headed households. In Kenya, living in a female-headed home increased the possibility of an adult going without food by about 10%, an adult skipping a meal by about 9.9%, and a child missing a meal by about 17% in the seven days preceding the telephone survey. In Ethiopia, living in a female-headed household increased the likelihood of an adult going hungry, skipping a meal, and running out of food by about 24.35%, 18.9%, and 26.7%, respectively. Salient pre-existing socioeconomic inequalities further exacerbated the effects of the pandemic on livelihoods. The findings have important implications for public policy and preparations by governments and other organisations interested in developing suitable gender-sensitive measures to lessen the impact of future pandemics in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall Makate
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Clifton Makate
- School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
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25
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Rutayisire E, Habtu M, Ngomi N, Mochama M, Mbayire V, Ntihabose C, Muhire P. Magnitude and determinants of food insecurity among pregnant women in Rwanda during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH 2023; 11:100468. [PMID: 36510625 PMCID: PMC9729197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Globally, food insecurity is becoming a major public health concern, and has seriously been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the last decade, Rwanda has made significant improvement in terms of overall household food security. However, the magnitude of food insecurity among pregnant women is not well known. This study investigated the magnitude and factors associated with food insecurity among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in 30 health facilities across the country where a total of 1159 pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy were recruited during antenatal care visits (ANC). A pre-tested, standardized, and structured questionnaire was used to collect information on food insecurity based on household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the basic characteristics of the study respondents and the status of household food insecurity. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the predictors of food insecurity at a significance level of 5%. The majority (78.1%) of recruited pregnant women were aged 20 to 35 years and 70.3% were from rural areas. Overall, 53.1% of pregnant women were food insecure during COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnant women with low education level {AOR = 4.58; 95%CI = 1.88-11.15} and from low social economic households {AOR = 2.45; 95%CI = 1.59-3.76} were more likely to become food insecure during COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, women from households with farming as the main source of income had 64% more risk of food insecurity compared to women from household with other sources of monthly income. To achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) targets related to food security, there is urgent need to transform the agricultural sector from traditional farming to modern/technology farming. This will reduce the level of food insecurity in developing countries. There is also a need to provide social safety nets to pregnant women from families in lower socio-economic categories during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Habtu
- Public Health Department, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda
- School of Public Health, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Nicholas Ngomi
- School of Pure and Applied Health Sciences, Murang'a University of Technology, Kenya
| | - Monica Mochama
- Public Health Department, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda
| | - Vedaste Mbayire
- Public Health Department, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda
- Kiziguro District Hospital, Ministry of Health, Rwanda
| | - Corneille Ntihabose
- Department of Clinical and Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Rwanda
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26
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Lee MM, Poole MK, Zack RM, Fiechtner L, Rimm EB, Kenney EL. Food insecurity and the role of food assistance programs in supporting diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1007177. [PMID: 36687676 PMCID: PMC9849926 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1007177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Economic and supply chain shocks resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 led to substantial increases in the numbers of individuals experiencing food-related hardship in the US, with programs aimed at addressing food insecurity like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and food pantries seeing significant upticks in utilization. While these programs have improved food access overall, the extent to which diet quality changed, and whether they helped mitigate diet quality disruptions, is not well understood. Objective To evaluate food insecurity, food pantry and/or SNAP participation associations with both diet quality as well as perceived disruptions in diet during the COVID-19 pandemic among Massachusetts adults with lower incomes. Methods We analyzed complete-case data from 1,256 individuals with complete data from a cross-sectional online survey of adults (ages 18 years and above) living in Massachusetts who responded to "The MA Statewide Food Access Survey" between October 2020 through January 2021. Study recruitment and survey administration were performed by The Greater Boston Food Bank. We excluded respondents who reported participation in assistance programs but were ineligible (n = 168), those who provided straightlined responses to the food frequency questionnaire component of the survey (n = 34), those with incomes above 300% of the federal poverty level (n = 1,427), those who completed the survey in 2021 (n = 8), and those who reported improved food insecurity (n = 55). Current dietary intake was assessed via food frequency questionnaire. Using Bayesian regression models, we examined associations between pandemic food insecurity, perceived disruption in diet, diet quality, and intakes of individual foods among those who completed a survey in 2020. We assessed interactions by pantry and SNAP participation to determine whether participation moderated these relationships. Results Individuals experiencing food insecurity reported greater disruption in diet during the pandemic and reduced consumption of healthy/unhealthy foods. Pantry participation attenuated significant associations between food insecurity and lower consumption of unhealthy (b = -1.13 [95% CI -1.97 to -0.31]) and healthy foods (b = -1.07 [-1.82 to -0.34]) to null (unhealthy foods: -0.70 [-2.24 to 0.84]; healthy foods: 0.30 [-1.17 to 1.74]), whereas SNAP participation attenuated associations for healthy foods alone (from -1.07 [-1.82 to -0.34] to -0.75 [-1.83 to 0.32]). Results were robust to choice of prior as well as to alternative modeling specifications. Conclusion Among adults with lower incomes, those experiencing food insecurity consumed less food, regardless of healthfulness, compared to individuals not experiencing food insecurity. Participation in safety-net programs, including SNAP and pantry participation, buffered this phenomenon. Continued support of SNAP and the food bank network and a focus on access to affordable healthy foods may simultaneously alleviate hunger while improving nutrition security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Matthew M. Lee,
| | - Mary Kathryn Poole
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Lauren Fiechtner
- The Greater Boston Food Bank, Boston, MA, United States,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric B. Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Erica L. Kenney
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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27
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Socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors associated with food expense insufficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279266. [PMID: 36520953 PMCID: PMC9754285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the status of food expense insufficiency in Japan during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors associated with food expense insufficiency. DESIGN Food expense insufficiency before and after the pandemic was assessed. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for the association between food expense insufficiency and socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors. SETTING A large-scale, cross-sectional online questionnaire survey. PARTICIPANTS From August to September 2020, 25,482 participants aged 15-79 years completed the questionnaire (JACSIS 2020 study; Group 1). In October 2020, 917 single parents were surveyed for oversampling purposes. There were 179 single parents in Group 1 and a total of 1096 single parents in Group 2. RESULTS Group 1 and Group 2 had 747 (2.9%) and 55 (5.0%) participants, respectively, who experienced food expense insufficiency for the first time after April 2020. Young age, part-time employment, being a single parent (in Group 1), and the number of people in the household (five or more in Group 1 and child/children alone in Group 2) were significantly associated with food expense insufficiency. As being a single parent was significantly associated with food expense insufficiency in Group 1 (AOR [95% CI] = 7.23 [5.40-9.68]), we further examined it in Group 2. Single parents who exhibited multiple factors (young age, part-time employment, living only with child/children) were likely to experience food expense insufficiency (15.3-15.8%). CONCLUSIONS Triggered by the pandemic, a small percentage of individuals experienced food expense insufficiency. We identified that factors such as young age, part-time employment, and being a single parent were significantly associated with food expense insufficiency, and discovered that a multiplicity of these factors further increased the risk. Our findings suggest an urgent need to support individuals with a potentially high risk of food expense insufficiency.
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28
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Winkler L, Goodell T, Nizamuddin S, Blumenthal S, Atalan-Helicke N. The COVID-19 pandemic and food assistance organizations' responses in New York's Capital District. AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN VALUES 2022; 40:1-15. [PMID: 36530206 PMCID: PMC9734295 DOI: 10.1007/s10460-022-10400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research examines the impact of COVID-19 on food security in New York state and the innovative approaches employed by food assistance organizations to help address the changing and increasing demand for their services from March 2020 to May 2021. We examine the case study of New York's Capital District region through a qualitative approach. We find that there was a sharp increase in utilization of emergency services during spring of 2020, which tapered off in the summer and fall of 2020 but remained above the levels of need seen the previous year. Food assistance organizations quickly adapted to the increased demand for their services and changing conditions to reduce gaps in local food distribution chains: They reorganized and tapped into new sources for volunteers, networked with public and private organizations, and coordinated work with other regional food pantries for maximum impact. The flexibility of food assistance organizations to address the disruptions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic highlights their critical roles in the U.S. food security environment. While organizations are aware of their shortcomings, constraints, and overall role in the American food system, the majority also expressed that the pandemic presented an opportunity to treat a complex problem together and to enact change. Several stakeholders also shared their hope that strengthening their networks and innovations may facilitate post-pandemic recovery, bring about systemic changes to address root causes of food insecurity, and better serve the communities most vulnerable to hunger and service disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sam Blumenthal
- Boston, USA
- Albany, USA
- Long Beach, USA
- Skidmore College Environmental Studies and Sciences Program, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA
- Montana, USA
| | - Nurcan Atalan-Helicke
- Skidmore College Environmental Studies and Sciences Program, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA
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29
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Gondi KT, Larson J, Sifuentes A, Alexander NB, Konerman MC, Thomas KS, Hummel SL. Health of the Food Environment Is Associated With Heart Failure Mortality in the United States. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e009651. [PMID: 36281754 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.009651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food environment factors contribute to cardiovascular disease, but their effect on population-level heart failure (HF) mortality is unclear. METHODS We utilized the National Vital Statistics System and USDA Food Environment Atlas to collect HF mortality rates (MR) and 2 county food environment indices: (1) food insecurity percentage (FI%) and (2) food environment index (FEI), a scaled index (0-10, 10 best) incorporating FI% and access to healthy food. We used linear regression to estimate the association between food environment and HF MR Results: Mean county FI% and FEI were 13% and 7.8 in 2956 included counties. Counties with FI% above the national median had significantly higher HF MR (30.7 versus 26.7 per 100 000; P<0.001) compared with FI% below the national median. Counties with HF MR above the national median had higher FI%, lower FEI, lower density of grocery stores, poorer access to stores among older adults, and lower Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation rate (P<0.001 for all). Lower county FI% (β=-1.3% per 1% decrease) and higher county FEI (β=-3.6% per 1-unit increase in FEI) were significantly associated with lower HF MR after adjustment for county demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors. This association was stronger for HF MR compared with non-HF cardiovascular disease MR and all-cause MR The relationship between food environment and HF MR was stronger in counties with the highest income inequity and poverty rate. CONCLUSIONS Healthier food environment is significantly associated with lower HF mortality at the county level. This reinforces the role of food security on cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi T Gondi
- Department of Internal Medicine (K.T.G., J.L., A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - John Larson
- Department of Internal Medicine (K.T.G., J.L., A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Aaron Sifuentes
- Department of Internal Medicine (K.T.G., J.L., A.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Neil B Alexander
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine (N.B.A.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (N.B.A.), Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, MI
| | - Matthew C Konerman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.K., S.L.H.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Kali S Thomas
- Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI (K.S.T.)
| | - Scott L Hummel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.C.K., S.L.H.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.,Section of Cardiology (S.L.H.), Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, MI
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30
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Ahmed R, Mao Y. Communication Research on Health Disparities and Coping Strategies in COVID-19 Related Crises. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:1455-1456. [PMID: 36002381 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsana Ahmed
- Department of Communication, University at Albany, State University of New York
| | - Yuping Mao
- Department of Communication Studies, California State University Long Beach
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31
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Ali SH, Lloyd-Montgomery J, Lowery CM, Vedovato GM, Trude ACB. Equity-Promoting Strategies in Online Grocery Shopping: Recommendations Provided by Households of Low Income. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:998-1010. [PMID: 36357044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping and identify community-driven strategies to promote equity in online food access. DESIGN This qualitative study used a purposive recruitment strategy to conduct 11 focus groups and 5 in-depth interviews between November 2020 and March 2021. SETTING Data collection was conducted virtually with participants residing in diverse (majority urban) regions of Maryland. PARICIPANTS 44 primary household food purchasers with young children (aged < 8 years) eligible for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping and strategies elicited by the community to leverage SNAP and online food retailer services to reduce inequities in healthy food access. ANALYSIS We coded and analyzed transcripts on the basis of the Socioecological Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and an Equity-Oriented Framework. RESULTS Overall, we identified 10 themes across all socioecological levels, all of which reflected both barriers and facilitators to online shopping: (1) individual: trust of shoppers, technology, (2) interpersonal: spousal/children needs, (3) community: safety and security, (4) organizational: retail experience and food quality, and (5) policy: SNAP and structural inequities. Participant recommendations included improving food access and communication with hired shoppers, implementing more payment/cost-saving options, and offering educational programming for SNAP participants on using benefits online. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Households of low-income identified barriers and facilitators of online grocery shopping across the socioecological levels, emphasizing the need for a multilevel approach to equity promotion. We recommend future work to explore the suggested actionable pathways, which involve delivery providers, grocery stores, nutrition educators, and policymakers leveraging online grocery features (ie, meal planning support) and policies (ie, expansion of the SNAP Online Purchasing Pilot to more retailers) to reducing deterrents (ie, delivery fees waived) for an equity-promoting online grocery environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahmir H Ali
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Joy Lloyd-Montgomery
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Caitlin M Lowery
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Gabriela M Vedovato
- Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela C B Trude
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York, NY.
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32
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Sacca L, Garba NA, Clarke RD, Maroun V, Brown DR. Using Community-Based Implementation Frameworks and Strategies to Address Food Insecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2022.2136024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Sacca
- Department of Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida, United States
| | - Nana Aisha Garba
- Department of Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida, United States
| | - Rachel D. Clarke
- Department of Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida, United States
| | - Veronica Maroun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - David R. Brown
- Department of Humanities, Health and Society, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida, United States
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33
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Vazquez CE, Hess KE, McBride MJ, Cubbin C, Bearman SK, Calzada EJ. Impact of COVID social distancing measures on eating and exercise behaviors among a sample of Hispanic parents of young children in the United States. J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221132389. [PMID: 36337260 PMCID: PMC9634197 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221132389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the United States, healthy behaviors, such as eating fruits/vegetables and
exercise, are well below recommended levels, particularly for Hispanics. The
COVID pandemic may have exacerbated existing health behavior disparities.
The current study examines the impact of COVID social distancing measures on
Hispanic parents’ eating and exercise behaviors, and how the impact may
differ by socioeconomic status (SES) and distress levels. Design and methods: This cross-sectional logistic regression study utilized data from a sample of
Hispanic parents in Texas (n = 237). COVID-related
questions were collected in Summer 2020. Dependent variables included
self-reported changes in exercise and eating behaviors due to the pandemic
(i.e. got better or got worse). Primary independent variables included
family-SES, neighborhood-SES, and distress due to COVID. Results: More than half (60%) of parents reported that their eating and exercise
behaviors worsened. Results showed a significant relationship between
distress due to COVID and both dependent variables; changes in eating
(OR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.20, 1.58]) and changes in exercise (OR = 1.28, 95% CI
[1.11, 1.48]). There were no observed differences by SES. Conclusions: Results suggest distress due to COVID was associated with worsening of eating
and exercise behaviors, regardless of SES. The direction of the relationship
between distress and healthy eating and exercise behaviors requires further
attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Vazquez
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Katherine E Hess
- Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Megan J McBride
- Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Cubbin
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Kate Bearman
- Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Esther J Calzada
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Kent K, Murray S, Penrose B, Auckland S, Horton E, Lester E, Visentin D. The new normal for food insecurity? A repeated cross-sectional survey over 1 year during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:115. [PMID: 36068538 PMCID: PMC9449271 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic has been impacted by necessary public health restrictions. Tasmania, an island state south of the Australian mainland, recorded no community transmission of COVID-19 between May 2020 to November 2021 due to strong border restrictions. This study aimed to determine the changes in prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of food insecurity throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Tasmania, Australia. Methods In May 2020 (survey 1: during lockdown), September 2020 (survey 2: eased restrictions) and May 2021 (survey 3: 1-year post-lockdown), cross-sectional, online surveys using convenience sampling methods determined food insecurity in Tasmanian adults using the USDA Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form, in addition to key sociodemographic questions. Crude and age-adjusted prevalence of food insecurity was calculated, and binary logistic regression determined at-risk groups and changes in prevalence over time. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of food insecurity was 27.9% during lockdown (n = 1168), 19.5% when restrictions had eased (n = 1097) and 22.6% 1-year post-lockdown (n = 1100). Young adults, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people, individuals with disabilities, families with dependents and temporary residents were at highest risk across all time points. Conclusions The prevalence of food insecurity was higher than pre-pandemic levels across all three time points. Our results indicate the potential long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security in Australia, where despite easing social distancing restrictions and a lack of COVID-19 transmission, the prevalence of food insecurity reduced, but did not recover to pre-pandemic levels 1-year following a lockdown. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01347-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kent
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Sandra Murray
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Beth Penrose
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Stuart Auckland
- Centre for Rural Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ella Horton
- Institute for Social Change, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Lester
- Institute for Social Change, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Denis Visentin
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Dhakal C, Acharya B, Wang S. Food spending in the United States during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:912922. [PMID: 35991077 PMCID: PMC9381923 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.912922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about a significant increase in the unemployment rate and a decline in consumer income. At the same time, the public health responses to the pandemic, such as lockdowns and business closures, disrupted the food supply chain. These pandemic-driven changes could lead to a shift in food spending behaviors and potentially exacerbate the food insecurity situation. Leveraging the nationally representative dataset from the 2017–2020 consumer expenditure surveys, we employ a two-part model to assess the changes in weekly household spending on total food, food-at-home (FAH), and food-away-from-home (FAFH) between the pre-pandemic and pandemic period in the United States. Our finding shows a predicted marginal decline in FAFH expenditure by 33.7% but an increase in FAH spending by 6.9% during the pandemic. The increase in FAH spending could not fully offset the decrease in FAFH spending, leading to a decline in total food spending by 12.6%. The results could provide a basis for future studies on food insecurity, nutrient intake, and healthy consumption during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Dhakal
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Chandra Dhakal
| | - Binod Acharya
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shaonan Wang
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Nzesi A, Roychowdhury L, De Jesus ML, Brown A, Geliebter A. Body weight, dietary intake, and health risk factors pre-COVID and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appetite 2022; 178:106182. [PMID: 35940334 PMCID: PMC9355736 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess changes in body weight, body fat, food intake, and clinical risk factors during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic (COVID group) vs. the pre-COVID period (pre-COVID group). Clinical measurements were collected and Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) were administered at two time points for each group (211 days ± 114 SD). For the pre-COVID group, the data were collected before February 20, 2020. For the COVID group, the data were collected either before and after February 20, 2020, or both between February 20, 2020 and April 1, 2021, excluding a 6.5-month pandemic-related pause of hospital visits. Increases in the following outcome measures were seen in the COVID group relative to the preCOVID group: body weight (t = 3.40, p = 0.004), body fat mass (t = 2.29, p = 0.024), diastolic blood pressure (BP) (t = 2.10, p = 0.039), total cholesterol (t = 1.81, p = 0.074, marginal), and fat/oil intake (t = 2.44, p = 0.017). In contrast, there were decreases in fruit intake (t = −1.88, p = 0.064, marginal) in the COVID group compared to the preCOVID group. The COVID period relative to pre-COVID was associated with unfavorable changes in body weight and composition, food intake, and health risk factors. This appears to be the first report of in-person direct measures of changes in body weight and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniema Nzesi
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 440 W 114th Street, New York, NY, 10025, United States.
| | - Liza Roychowdhury
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 440 W 114th Street, New York, NY, 10025, United States
| | - Mary Lou De Jesus
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 440 W 114th Street, New York, NY, 10025, United States
| | - Avery Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 440 W 114th Street, New York, NY, 10025, United States
| | - Allan Geliebter
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 440 W 114th Street, New York, NY, 10025, United States
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Warren C, Bartell T, Nimmagadda SR, Bilaver LA, Koplin J, Gupta R. Socioeconomic Determinants of Food Allergy Burden-A clinical introduction. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 129:407-416. [PMID: 35914663 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review characterizes what is currently known about how prevalence, severity, distribution, and management of food allergy (FA) differs across socioeconomic strata and provides guidance for practicing clinicians about how to improve equity in research participation, healthcare delivery, and patient outcomes through a deeper understanding of the socioeconomic determinants of FA. DATA SOURCES Epidemiological and biomedical literature published prior to April 2022. RESULTS Socioeconomic status (SES) is a complex concept that not only encompasses economic resources (e.g., income, wealth) but also a person's social, economic and political power and standing, each of which can impact health. However, in many studies of individuals and families with FA, assessment of SES has been limited and often a respondent's membership within a racial and ethnic group is utilized as a proxy for low SES. As a whole, findings from US-population-based studies indicate a consistent trend: those who self-identify as non-Hispanic Black, and to a lesser extent other subpopulations who identify as being of non-White race and ethnicity, experience a greater burden of food-allergic sensitization and disease including higher rates of emergency health care utilization and food-induced anaphylactic fatality as compared to those identifying as White. CONCLUSION Reports of FA management and outcomes highlight inequities among specific low SES populations in the US. Clinicians can and should act to reduce inequities by engaging more diverse populations in clinical research, equitably implementing FA risk screening and prevention, thoughtfully utilizing emerging technologies to ameliorate disparities based on SES in healthcare delivery and outcomes, and advocating for social change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Warren
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research.
| | - Tami Bartell
- Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sai R Nimmagadda
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, Division of Allergy and Immunology
| | - Lucy A Bilaver
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research
| | - Jennifer Koplin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia. Department of Paediatrics and School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Center for Food Allergy & Asthma Research; Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
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Mazzeo J, Al Abdeen Qusair Z, Gadhoke P, Freiberg T, Brenton BP, Sedlacek A, Torres A. A Tale of Two Cities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluating Food Insecurity in Chicago and New York City. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022:10.1007/s40615-022-01355-x. [PMID: 35831703 PMCID: PMC9281349 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 revealed and broadened existing disparities in large cities. This article interprets the early impacts of COVID-19 on food insecurity (FI) in the Chicago and New York City (NYC) metropolitan areas for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) and provides a study using a Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework. Methods A cross-sectional survey adapted from the National Food Access and COVID Research Team (NFACT) was deployed in Chicago (N = 680) and in NYC (N = 525) during summer 2020 and oversampled for race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Multivariate binary logistic regression generated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% CIs for FI and select SDOH variables, which was conducted on each dataset. Results The prevalence of FI in NYC increased to 66.8% (from 57.8%) and in Chicago to 44.8% (from 41.0%). While higher income protected against FI before, protection was diminished or eliminated since COVID-19. FI declined for households with children in NYC while odds increased and became significant in Chicago. Respondents with chronic health conditions experienced increased odds of FI since COVID. In Chicago, this variable had the highest odds of FI. Respondents with depression or anxiety had increased odds of FI. In NYC, depression had the highest odds of FI. Females in NYC were protected against FI. Hispanics in NYC lost protection against FI from before to since COVID-19. Conclusions Results support the observed rise of FI for BIPOC and its association with health status. The analysis has multifaceted, structural policy implications for reducing FI in urban centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mazzeo
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, 1 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA
| | - Zain Al Abdeen Qusair
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, 1 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA
| | - Preety Gadhoke
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439 USA
| | - Tracey Freiberg
- Department of Economics and Finance, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Pkwy, Queens, NY 11439 USA
| | - Barrett P. Brenton
- Center for Civic Engagement, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Pkwy, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000 USA
| | - Anne Sedlacek
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, 1 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA
| | - Abigail Torres
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, 1 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA
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Corbera-Hincapie MA, Atteih SE, Stransky OM, Weiner DJ, Yann IM, Kazmerski TM. Experiences and Perspectives of Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis and Their Families Related to Food Insecurity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132573. [PMID: 35807754 PMCID: PMC9268710 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity (FI) rates among people with cystic fibrosis (CF) are significantly higher than in the general US population. This study explored the experiences and perceptions of adults and parents of children with CF surrounding FI. We recruited parents of children with CF ages 0–18 years and adults with CF ages 18 years and older from a large, accredited U.S. CF care center and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Community Voice to participate in a qualitative study using semi-structured telephone interviews to explore experiences and preferences related to food insecurity. Two coders independently reviewed each transcript to apply the codebook and identify any emerging codes using an ongoing, iterative process to identify central themes. We interviewed 20 participants (six adults with CF and 14 parents of children with CF) and identified five major themes: (1) FI in CF is influenced by a variety of factors, ranging from nutritional demands to competing financial barriers; (2) FI impacts CF health outcomes; (3) Open patient-provider communication around FI is vital; (4) FI screening and discussions should be normalized in CF care; (5) Comprehensive FI resources are vital. FI is an important topic that should routinely be addressed with the CF care team to destigmatize and encourage individuals to be more forthcoming about their FI status. Results from this study will inform future larger investigations on the impact of FI on CF health and aid in the design and planning of targeted interventions and advocacy efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat A. Corbera-Hincapie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.E.A.); (D.J.W.); (I.M.Y.); (T.M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-786-412-1300
| | - Samar E. Atteih
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.E.A.); (D.J.W.); (I.M.Y.); (T.M.K.)
| | - Olivia M. Stransky
- Center for Innovative Research on Gender Health Equity (CONVERGE), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA;
| | - Daniel J. Weiner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.E.A.); (D.J.W.); (I.M.Y.); (T.M.K.)
| | - Iris M. Yann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.E.A.); (D.J.W.); (I.M.Y.); (T.M.K.)
| | - Traci M. Kazmerski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.E.A.); (D.J.W.); (I.M.Y.); (T.M.K.)
- Center for Innovative Research on Gender Health Equity (CONVERGE), Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA;
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Hunger relief: A natural experiment from additional SNAP benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 10:100224. [PMID: 35284905 PMCID: PMC8901427 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has directly affected millions of people. Others have been indirectly affected; for example, there has been a startling increase in hunger brought about by the pandemic. Many countries have sought to relieve this problem through public policy. This research examines the effectiveness of enhanced Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits in the U.S. to alleviate hunger. Methods Using a biweekly cross-sectional survey and corresponding population weights from the U.S. Census Bureau, we estimate the effects of enhanced SNAP benefits on hunger in the U.S. as measured by food insufficiency. We use a Bayesian structural time series analysis to predict counterfactual values of food insufficiency. We supplement these findings by examining the effect of enhanced SNAP benefits on observed visits to a food pantry network in a midsized U.S. city. Findings Our primary finding estimates that nationwide a total 850,000 (95% credible interval 0·24–1·46 million) instances of food insufficiency were prevented per week by the 15 percent increase in SNAP benefits enacted in January 2021. Secondarily, we find similar effects associated with SNAP benefit increases and local food pantry visits. Specifically, enhanced SNAP benefits resulted in fewer visits to the food pantry network than were predicted in the counterfactual model. Interpretation These results not only indicate that the policies enacted to mitigate hunger caused by the COVID-19 pandemic helped, but also quantifies how much these benefits helped on a national scale. As a result, policymakers can use this data to benchmark future policy actions at scale. Funding None.
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Chow EJ, Englund JA. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections in Children. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2022; 36:435-479. [PMID: 35636909 PMCID: PMC8806161 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in children generally have milder presentations, but severe disease can occur in all ages. MIS-C and persistent post-acute COVID-19 symptoms can be experienced by children with previous infection and emphasize the need for infection prevention. Optimal treatment for COVID-19 is not known, and clinical trials should include children to guide therapy. Vaccines are the best tool at preventing infection and severe outcomes of COVID-19. Children suffered disproportionately during the pandemic not only from SARS-CoV-2 infection but because of disruptions to daily life, access to primary care, and worsening income inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Chow
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356423, Seattle, WA 98195, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Janet A. Englund
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 4800 Sand Point Way NE - MA7.234, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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Troncone A, Chianese A, Cascella C, Zanfardino A, Piscopo A, Rollato S, Iafusco D. Eating Problems in Youths with Type 1 Diabetes During and After Lockdown in Italy: An 8-Month Follow-Up Study. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 30:227-237. [PMID: 35635607 PMCID: PMC9148941 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AbstractEighty-five youths with T1D and 176 controls aged 8–19 years were asked to complete online questionnaires (ChEAT and EAT-26) measuring disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) during (baseline) and after (8-month follow-up) the lockdown. DEB symptoms in all participants (especially younger than 13 years), glycemic control, and zBMI were found unchanged from baseline to follow-up (all p > .05). After 8 months, the ChEAT/EAT-26 critical score frequency decreased significantly in controls (p = .004), as was the score for the ChEAT/EAT-26’s Oral Control subscale in both groups (T1D: p = .005; controls: p = .01). Participants with T1D, especially those older than 13 years, had higher ChEAT/EAT-26 Dieting scores (p = .037) and lower ChEAT/EAT-26 Oral Control scores (p = .046) than controls. Unchanged DEB symptoms suggest that the COVID-19 restrictions did not significantly affect participants’ eating behaviors and that a general adaptation to the challenges of lockdown and other pandemic containment measures occurred in both T1D and control participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alda Troncone
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonietta Chianese
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Crescenzo Cascella
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of the Woman, of the Child and of the General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessia Piscopo
- Department of the Woman, of the Child and of the General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Rollato
- Department of the Woman, of the Child and of the General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of the Woman, of the Child and of the General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Misyak SA, Parker MK, Ledlie Johnson M, Hedges S, Borst E, McNamara Best M, Hedrick VE. A Preliminary Evaluation of Virginia Fresh Match: Impacts and Demographic Considerations for Future Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074367. [PMID: 35410044 PMCID: PMC8998410 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this communication is to describe the preliminary evaluation of the Virginia Fresh Match (VFM) financial incentive program for fresh fruits and vegetables for Virginia Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program shoppers and to determine if there were differences in incentive outcomes by race. In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was administered to shoppers using Virginia Fresh Match incentives at participating farmers markets and community-based food retail outlets. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to detect differences in fruit and vegetable consumption between demographic groups over time. Chi-square tests were used to determine if there were associations between race and perceived impact of VFM incentives on making food last and the attribution of VFM incentives to changes in fruit and vegetable consumption frequency. Frequency of fruit and vegetable intake was significantly higher during VFM incentive use, with a difference of 1.17 ± 0.07 and 1.07 ± 0.07 on a Likert scale measure, respectively (p ≤ 0.001). There were racial differences in assertions that VFM incentives helped food to last. VFM incentives were effective at increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, but racial differences should be considered in the administration of VFM to avoid reinforcing systems or approaches that may contribute to disparities in food access and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Misyak
- Virginia Cooperative Extension, Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Molly K. Parker
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (V.E.H.)
| | - Meredith Ledlie Johnson
- Virginia Cooperative Extension, Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Sam Hedges
- Local Environmental Agriculture Project, Roanoke, VA 24015, USA; (S.H.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Borst
- Virginia Community Food Connections, Fredericksburg, VA 22404, USA;
| | | | - Valisa E. Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.K.P.); (V.E.H.)
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McCarthy AC, Belarmino EH, Bertmann F, Niles MT. Food Security Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Evidence from a Cohort of Adults in Vermont during the First Year. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071358. [PMID: 35405972 PMCID: PMC9002789 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed changes in household food insecurity throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in a cohort of adults in the state of Vermont, USA, and examined the socio-demographic characteristics associated with increased odds of experiencing food insecurity during the pandemic. We conducted three online surveys between March 2020 and March 2021 to collect longitudinal data on food security, use of food assistance programs, and job disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Food security was measured using the USDA six-item module. Among the 441 respondents, food insecurity rates increased significantly during the pandemic and remained above pre-pandemic levels a year after the start of the pandemic. Nearly a third (31.6%) of respondents experienced food insecurity at some point during the first year of the pandemic, with 53.1% of food-insecure households being classified as newly food-insecure. The odds of experiencing food insecurity during the pandemic varied based on socio-demographic factors. Households with children (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.782−16.936, p < 0.01), women (OR 8.1, 95% CI 1.777−36.647, p < 0.05), BIPOC/Hispanic respondents (OR 11.8, 95% CI 1.615−85.805, p < 0.05), and households experiencing a job disruption (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.583−16.005, p <0.01) had significantly higher odds of experiencing food insecurity during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, while respondents with a college degree (OR 0.08; 95% CI 0.025−0.246; p < 0.001) and household income of ≥USD 50,000 (OR 0.01; 95% CI 0.003−0.038; p < 0.001) had lower odds of experiencing food insecurity. These findings indicate that food insecurity continued to be a significant challenge one year after the start of the pandemic, which is important, given the adverse health impacts associated with food insecurity and health disparities among certain socio-demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. McCarthy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (E.H.B.); (F.B.); (M.T.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emily H. Belarmino
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (E.H.B.); (F.B.); (M.T.N.)
- Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, 210 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Farryl Bertmann
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (E.H.B.); (F.B.); (M.T.N.)
- Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Meredith T. Niles
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (E.H.B.); (F.B.); (M.T.N.)
- Food Systems Program, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, 210 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Rural Food Security in High Income Countries: A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063235. [PMID: 35328924 PMCID: PMC8954908 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, rural-dwelling people in high-income countries were known to have greater challenges accessing healthy food than their urban counterparts. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted food supplies across the world, and public health restrictions have changed the way people shop for food, potentially exacerbating food insecurity. This systematic literature review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aspects of food insecurity in rural populations residing in high-income countries. Five electronic databases were searched, identifying 22 articles that assessed food insecurity prevalence or data on food availability, access, utilization and the stability of the food supply in rural populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten studies examined the prevalence of food insecurity in rural populations, with the reported prevalence ranging from 15% to 95%. Where rural/urban comparisons were presented, most studies (n = 5; 71%) reported that food insecurity was significantly higher in rural regions. Five studies examined the availability of food and eight studies examined access to food, identifying that rural populations often had lower food availability and access to food during the pandemic. In contrast, two studies identified positive effects such as more gardening and increased online access to food. Rural populations experienced multiple changes to food utilization, such as reduced diet quality and food safety observed in eight studies, but this was not shown to be different from urban populations. Additionally, the food supply in rural regions was perceived to be affected in two studies. The results of this review may be used to inform region-specific mitigation strategies to decrease the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic and future global events on food security. However, the lack of consistency in study outcomes in research on rural populations limits the identification of priority areas for intervention at a global-scale.
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Tran N, Bellini SG. Validating Food Security Measurement in a Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (Nutristep®). JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2022.2047863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nhi Tran
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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Patterns of Food Assistance Program Participation, Food Insecurity, and Pantry Use among U.S. Households with Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050988. [PMID: 35267963 PMCID: PMC8912740 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to describe differences in participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women and Children (WIC), and school meal programs by household characteristics prior to and during the pandemic, and to examine the association of program participation with food security status and food pantry use. We analyze secondary data (n = 470) from an online survey collected in July/August 2020 using weighted multiple logistic regression models. Participation in SNAP declined among households with children in the first four months of the pandemic, while participation in WIC increased slightly, and participation in school meals remained unchanged. There were significant differences in SNAP, WIC, and school meal programs use by race/ethnicity, income, and urbanicity before and during the pandemic. Food insecurity prevalence was higher among SNAP participants at both periods but the gap between participants and non-participants was smaller during the pandemic. Pantry use and food insecurity rates were consistently higher among federal nutrition assistance program participants, possibly suggesting unmet food needs. These results highlight the need for increased program benefits and improved access to food, particularly during periods of hardship.
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Graddy-Lovelace G, Naylor P. Disparity to Parity to Solidarity: Balancing the Scales of International Agricultural Policy for Justice and Viability. Development 2021; 64:259-265. [PMID: 34703164 PMCID: PMC8532084 DOI: 10.1057/s41301-021-00321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resetting international agricultural governance requires a collective commitment to changing the economic rules of production. This article reports on the challenging questions raised by the Disparity to Parity project, led by a group of farmer-activists, farmer organizations, and scholar-activists in the US. How can parity policies be updated, expanded, redesigned with and for Black, Indigenous, immigrant, cooperative, female and gender diverse farmers and would-be farmers? How does the parity movement join in global solidarity to reset the international agricultural economic and trade rules to reverse the globalization of agriculture that dumps surplus and undermines food sovereignty?
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Niles MT, Beavers AW, Clay LA, Dougan MM, Pignotti GA, Rogus S, Savoie-Roskos MR, Schattman RE, Zack RM, Acciai F, Allegro D, Belarmino EH, Bertmann F, Biehl E, Birk N, Bishop-Royse J, Bozlak C, Bradley B, Brenton BP, Buszkiewicz J, Cavaliere BN, Cho Y, Clark EM, Coakley K, Coffin-Schmitt J, Collier SM, Coombs C, Dressel A, Drewnowski A, Evans T, Feingold BJ, Fiechtner L, Fiorella KJ, Funderburk K, Gadhoke P, Gonzales-Pacheco D, Safi AG, Gu S, Hanson KL, Harley A, Harper K, Hosler AS, Ismach A, Josephson A, Laestadius L, LeBlanc H, Lewis LR, Litton MM, Martin KS, Martin S, Martinelli S, Mazzeo J, Merrill SC, Neff R, Nguyen E, Ohri-Vachaspati P, Orbe A, Otten JJ, Parmer S, Pemberton S, Qusair ZAA, Rivkina V, Robinson J, Rose CM, Sadeghzadeh S, Sivaramakrishnan B, Arroyo MT, Voorhees M, Yerxa K. A Multi-Site Analysis of the Prevalence of Food Insecurity in the United States, before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab135. [PMID: 34934898 PMCID: PMC8677520 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly affected food systems including food security. Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted food security is important to provide support and identify long-term impacts and needs. OBJECTIVE The National Food Access and COVID research Team (NFACT) was formed to assess food security over different US study sites throughout the pandemic, using common instruments and measurements. This study presents results from 18 study sites across 15 states and nationally over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A validated survey instrument was developed and implemented in whole or part through an online survey of adults across the sites throughout the first year of the pandemic, representing 22 separate surveys. Sampling methods for each study site were convenience, representative, or high-risk targeted. Food security was measured using the USDA 6-item module. Food security prevalence was analyzed using ANOVA by sampling method to assess statistically significant differences. RESULTS Respondents (n = 27,168) indicate higher prevalence of food insecurity (low or very low food security) since the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with before the pandemic. In nearly all study sites, there is a higher prevalence of food insecurity among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), households with children, and those with job disruptions. The findings demonstrate lingering food insecurity, with high prevalence over time in sites with repeat cross-sectional surveys. There are no statistically significant differences between convenience and representative surveys, but a statistically higher prevalence of food insecurity among high-risk compared with convenience surveys. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive study demonstrates a higher prevalence of food insecurity in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts were prevalent for certain demographic groups, and most pronounced for surveys targeting high-risk populations. Results especially document the continued high levels of food insecurity, as well as the variability in estimates due to the survey implementation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith T Niles
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Alyssa W Beavers
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Lauren A Clay
- Health Administration & Public Health Department, D'Youville College, Buffalo, NY
| | - Marcelle M Dougan
- Department of Public Health and Recreation, San José State University, San José, CA
| | - Giselle A Pignotti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Packaging, San José State University, San José, CA
| | - Stephanie Rogus
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM
| | | | | | - Rachel M Zack
- Business and Data Analytics, The Greater Boston Food Bank, Boston, MA
| | - Francesco Acciai
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Deanne Allegro
- Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL
| | - Emily H Belarmino
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont,
Burlington, VT
| | - Farryl Bertmann
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Erin Biehl
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nick Birk
- Business and Data Analytics, The Greater Boston Food Bank, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Bishop-Royse
- Faculty Scholarship Collaborative, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL
| | - Christine Bozlak
- Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, University at Albany- State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY
| | - Brianna Bradley
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Brittney N Cavaliere
- Institute for Hunger Research & Solutions, Connecticut Food Bank/Foodshare, Bloomfield, CT
| | - Young Cho
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Eric M Clark
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Kathryn Coakley
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | - Sarah M Collier
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Casey Coombs
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Anne Dressel
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Adam Drewnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Tom Evans
- School of Geography, Development and Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Beth J Feingold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany- State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY
| | - Lauren Fiechtner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Kathryn J Fiorella
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences and Master of Public Health Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Katie Funderburk
- Alabama Cooperative Extension System, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - Preety Gadhoke
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University (at the time of study administration),
Jamaica, NY
| | - Diana Gonzales-Pacheco
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Amelia Greiner Safi
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences and Master of Public Health Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Sen Gu
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University (at the time of study administration),
Jamaica, NY
| | - Karla L Hanson
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences and Master of Public Health Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Amy Harley
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Kaitlyn Harper
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Akiko S Hosler
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany- State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY
| | - Alan Ismach
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Anna Josephson
- Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Linnea Laestadius
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Heidi LeBlanc
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Laura R Lewis
- Community and Economic Development, Washington State University, Port Hadlock, WA
| | - Michelle M Litton
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Katie S Martin
- Institute for Hunger Research & Solutions, Connecticut Food Bank/Foodshare, Bloomfield, CT
| | - Shadai Martin
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM
| | - Sarah Martinelli
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - John Mazzeo
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL
| | - Scott C Merrill
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Roni Neff
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health; Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Esther Nguyen
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Abigail Orbe
- Institute for Hunger Research & Solutions, Connecticut Food Bank/Foodshare, Bloomfield, CT
| | - Jennifer J Otten
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sondra Parmer
- Alabama Cooperative Extension System, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | | | - Zain Al Abdeen Qusair
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL
| | - Victoria Rivkina
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL
| | - Joelle Robinson
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chelsea M Rose
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Mariana Torres Arroyo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany- State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY
| | - McKenna Voorhees
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT
| | - Kathryn Yerxa
- Cooperative Extension, University of Maine, Orono, ME
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Vandoni M, Rossi V, Di Profio E, Carnevale Pellino V, Tranfaglia V, Pascuzzi MC, Borsani B, Bosetti A, Zuccotti G. Telehealth: A Useful Tool for the Management of Nutrition and Exercise Programs in Pediatric Obesity in the COVID-19 Era. Nutrients 2021; 13:3689. [PMID: 34835945 PMCID: PMC8618189 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the implementation of policies that mandate various restrictions on daily life, including social distancing, the closure of public services and schools, and movement limitations. Even though these restrictive measures decreased the COVID-19 spread, they may have detrimental effects on various lifestyle components such as physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits, influencing the maintenance of weight and contributing to obesity among children and adolescents. The coexistence of childhood obesity and COVID-19 and changes in the bioecological environment have put children and adolescents at increased risk for developing obesity and exacerbating the severity of this disorder. The use of telehealth technology is a modern approach useful for the delivery of health care services by health care professionals, where distance is a critical factor. Telehealth is effective in promoting increased self-monitoring and behavioral change, and provides the opportunity to perform online nutritional support and exercise training programs to promote a healthy lifestyle and reduce sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents. Telehealth, including tele-exercise and tele-nutrition, has the potential to address many of the key challenges in providing health services, including in patients with obesity during the COVID-19 outbreak. This narrative review aims to describe the role of telehealth as an opportunity in the management of pediatric obesity in the COVID-19 era, and to deliver nutrition and exercise programs for the maintenance of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (V.C.P.)
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Vittoria Carnevale Pellino
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.V.); (V.C.P.)
| | - Valeria Tranfaglia
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Martina Chiara Pascuzzi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Barbara Borsani
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Alessandra Bosetti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (V.R.); (E.D.P.); (V.T.); (M.C.P.); (B.B.); (A.B.); (G.Z.)
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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