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Mediterranean Food Industry By-Products as a Novel Source of Phytochemicals with a Promising Role in Cancer Prevention. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248655. [PMID: 36557789 PMCID: PMC9784942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is recognized as a sustainable dietary approach with beneficial health effects. This is highly relevant, although the production of typical Mediterranean food, i.e., olive oil or wine, processed tomatoes and pomegranate products, generates significant amounts of waste. Ideally, this waste should be disposed in an appropriate, eco-friendly way. A number of scientific papers were published recently showing that these by-products can be exploited as a valuable source of biologically active components with health benefits, including anticancer effects. In this review, accordingly, we elaborate on such phytochemicals recovered from the food waste generated during the processing of vegetables and fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, with a focus on substances with anticancer activity. The molecular mechanisms of these phytochemicals, which might be included in supporting treatment and prevention of various types of cancer, are presented. The use of bioactive components from food waste may improve the economic feasibility and sustainability of the food processing industry in the Mediterranean region and can provide a new strategy to approach prevention of cancer.
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2
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Oxidative stress, aging, antioxidant supplementation and their impact on human health: An overview. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111707. [PMID: 35839856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of tissue and organ function due to genetic and environmental factors, nutrition, and lifestyle. Oxidative stress is one the most important mechanisms of cellular senescence and increased frailty, resulting in several age-linked, noncommunicable diseases. Contributing events include genomic instability, telomere shortening, epigenetic mechanisms, reduced proteome homeostasis, altered stem-cell function, defective intercellular communication, progressive deregulation of nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic unbalance. These complex events and their interplay can be modulated by dietary habits and the ageing process, acting as potential measures of primary and secondary prevention. Promising nutritional approaches include the Mediterranean diet, the intake of dietary antioxidants, and the restriction of caloric intake. A comprehensive understanding of the ageing processes should promote new biomarkers of risk or diagnosis, but also beneficial treatments oriented to increase lifespan.
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3
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Quan L, Jiang X, Jia X, Cheng F. Prognostic Value of the Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3329-3339. [PMID: 35622391 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2076890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) has been investigated as a prognostic parameter in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the results remain inconsistent. We aimed to quantitatively identify the prognostic role of the AGR in CRC through meta-analysis. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the prognostic value of the AGR for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). The association between the AGR and clinicopathological factors was investigated using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Eleven studies, comprising 8,397 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Our results demonstrated that a low AGR was significantly associated with poor OS (HR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.90-3.51; p < 0.001) and poor DFS/PFS (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.46-3.05; p < 0.001) in CRC. However, the AGR was not a significant prognostic factor for CSS (HR, 1.008; 95% CI, 0.372-2.730; p = 0.988). In addition, a low AGR was associated with patients aged ≥60 years (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.54-1.89; p < 0.001). A low AGR was significantly associated with worse OS and inferior DFS/PFS in patients with CRC. Thus, AGR can be used as a cost-effective and reliable prognostic marker for CRC in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfang Quan
- Department of Anorectal, Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Jiang
- Clinical Medicine Institute, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Jia
- Department of Anorectal, Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Anorectal, Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS, Beijing, China
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4
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Martínez de Toda I, Ceprián N, Díaz-Del Cerro E, De la Fuente M. The Role of Immune Cells in Oxi-Inflamm-Aging. Cells 2021; 10:2974. [PMID: 34831197 PMCID: PMC8616159 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the result of the deterioration of the homeostatic systems (nervous, endocrine, and immune systems), which preserve the organism's health. We propose that the age-related impairment of these systems is due to the establishment of a chronic oxidative stress situation that leads to low-grade chronic inflammation throughout the immune system's activity. It is known that the immune system weakens with age, which increases morbidity and mortality. In this context, we describe how the function of immune cells can be used as an indicator of the rate of aging of an individual. In addition to this passive role as a marker, we describe how the immune system can work as a driver of aging by amplifying the oxidative-inflammatory stress associated with aging (oxi-inflamm-aging) and inducing senescence in far tissue cells. Further supporting our theory, we discuss how certain lifestyle conditions (such as social environment, nutrition, or exercise) can have an impact on longevity by affecting the oxidative and inflammatory state of immune cells, regulating immunosenescence and its contribution to oxi-inflamm-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (E.D.-D.C.); (M.D.l.F.)
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemi Ceprián
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (E.D.-D.C.); (M.D.l.F.)
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (E.D.-D.C.); (M.D.l.F.)
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (E.D.-D.C.); (M.D.l.F.)
- Institute of Investigation 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
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5
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van Daal MT, Folkerts G, Garssen J, Braber S. Pharmacological Modulation of Immune Responses by Nutritional Components. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:198-232. [PMID: 34663688 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has increased over the last few decades, and one of the major contributors to this is lifestyle, especially diet. High intake of saturated fatty acids and low intake of dietary fiber is linked to an increase in NCDs. Conversely, a low intake of saturated fatty acids and a high intake of dietary fiber seem to have a protective effect on general health. Several mechanisms have been identified that underlie this phenomenon. In this review, we focus on pharmacological receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, binding partners of the retinoid X receptor, G-coupled protein receptors, and toll-like receptors, which can be activated by nutritional components and their metabolites. Depending on the nutritional component and the receptors involved, both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects occur, leading to an altered immune response. These insights may provide opportunities for the prevention and treatment of NCDs and their inherent (sub)chronic inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review summarizes the reported effects of nutritional components and their metabolites on the immune system through manipulation of specific (pharmacological) receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, binding partners of the retinoid X receptor, G-coupled protein receptors, and toll-like receptors. Nutritional components, such as vitamins, fibers, and unsaturated fatty acids are able to resolve inflammation, whereas saturated fatty acids tend to exhibit proinflammatory effects. This may aid decision makers and scientists in developing strategies to decrease the incidence of noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe T van Daal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.T.v.D., G.F., J.G., S.B.); and Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.G.)
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.T.v.D., G.F., J.G., S.B.); and Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.G.)
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.T.v.D., G.F., J.G., S.B.); and Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.G.)
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.T.v.D., G.F., J.G., S.B.); and Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands (J.G.)
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6
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Liposits G, Orrevall Y, Kaasa S, Österlund P, Cederholm T. Nutrition in Cancer Care: A Brief, Practical Guide With a Focus on Clinical Practice. JCO Oncol Pract 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This overview aims to create an understanding of the nutritional issues concerning patients with cancer and provide evidence-based practical guidance to healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, and dietitians), caregivers, and all others involved in the care of patients with cancer. The focus of this paper is therefore on providing a simple guide for daily clinical practice. The theoretical background and in-depth comprehensive reviews of malnutrition are described elsewhere. Nutrition plays a crucial role in cancer care. It affects treatment tolerability, outcomes, and quality of life. However, a focus on nutrition is still lacking among oncologists because of insufficient training in nutrition topics received during graduate and postgraduate training and an underestimation of its importance. The consequences of the disease and its treatment, such as anorexia-sarcopenia-cachexia, are therefore still often overlooked, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. The authors have summarized the most important challenges, evidence-based recommendations, and common clinical scenarios to bridge the gap between comprehensive guidelines and clinical practice, where brief concrete advice is preferred to systematic reviews. Furthermore, an easy applicable overview is provided, which can be used as a guide during daily routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Liposits
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ylva Orrevall
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stein Kaasa
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pia Österlund
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Theme Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Xu L, Zaky MY, Yousuf W, Ullah A, Abdelbaset GR, Zhang Y, Ahmed OM, Liu S, Liu H. The Anticancer Potential of Apigenin Via Immunoregulation. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:479-489. [PMID: 32660399 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200713171137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apigenin is an edible flavonoid widely distributed in natural plants, including most vegetables and fruits. Previous studies have revealed that apigenin possesses multiple biological functions by demonstrating antiinflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor and cardiovascular protective effects. Furthermore, recent progressions have disclosed a novel perspective of the anti-cancer roles of apigenin through its immunoregulatory functions. With the rapid progression of the groundbreaking strategies being developed for cancer immunotherapy, its immunoregulatory roles are being recognized as intriguing features of the multifaceted apigenin. However, the current understanding of this emerging role of apigenin still remains limited. Therefore, in the present review, recent advances on the immunoregulatory properties of apigenin in various diseases with a special focus on neoplasm, are summarized. Clinical strategies of cancer immunotherapy are briefly introduced and findings on apigenin linked to immunoregulatory roles in immunotherapy-associated aspects are brought together. The bioactivity, bioavailability, toxicity and potential of apigenin, to be considered as a therapeutic agent in anti-tumor immunotherapy, is discussed. Disclosed molecular mechanisms underlying the immunoregulatory roles of apigenin in cancer immunotherapy are also summarized. Based on findings from the literature, apigenin has the potential to serve as a prospective adjuvant for anti-cancer immunotherapy and warrants further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Waleed Yousuf
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Anwar Ullah
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gehad R Abdelbaset
- Molecular Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Yingqiu Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Molecular Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Han Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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8
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Liu K, Zhao F, Yan J, Xia Z, Jiang D, Ma P. Hispidulin: A promising flavonoid with diverse anti-cancer properties. Life Sci 2020; 259:118395. [PMID: 32905830 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, natural products have increasingly attracted more attention because of their potential anticancer activity and low intrinsic toxicity. Hispidulin is a natural flavonoid with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiplatelet, anticonvulsant, anti-osteoporotic, and notably anticancer activities. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that hispidulin, as a potential anticancer drug, affects cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Moreover, hispidulin exhibits synergistic anti-tumor effects when combined with some common clinical anticancer drugs (e.g., gemcitabine, 5-fluoroucil, sunitinib, temozolomide, and TRAIL). The combination of hispidulin and chemotherapeutic drugs reduces the efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs, enhances the chemosensitivity of cancer cells, and reverses drug resistance. Herein, we outlined the anticancer effects of hispidulin in various cancers and its intracellular molecular targets and related mechanisms of its anticancer activity. Based on the available literature, it can be established that hispidulin has significant potential to become an important complementary medicine for cancer prevention and treatment. However, more in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies should be conducted to support its translation from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengchao Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peizhi Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China.
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9
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Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Combat Inflammation and Chronic Diseases. An Overview. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8070201. [PMID: 32650619 PMCID: PMC7400632 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, the quality of nourishment is a milestone for the maintenance of health and as it is stated ‘prevention is better than cure’, amongst the so-called ‘healthy’ diets Mediterranean diet (MD) claims the lion’s share. It stands in good stead because of a variety of valuable macro- and micronutrients. So, adherence to a MD is associated with the reduction of inflammation and non-communicable (NCD) OR chronic diseases. Numerous studies try to scrutinize the role of MD components as regards reducing inflammation, lowering rate, and mortality for disorders and illnesses, and preventing NCD. MD regime of the inhabitants of the Mediterranean basin includes a variety of ethnic nutritional habits and regulates an array of effects and epigenetic changes that affect human wellbeing. The research is still ongoing and endeavors to elucidate every aspect of this issue. This review focuses on the impact of MD on inflammation highlights positive results regarding NCD and indicates the need for more high-quality experiments and trials in order to overcome any discrepancies.
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10
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Divella R, Daniele A, Savino E, Paradiso A. Anticancer Effects of Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: An Epigenetic Diet Model. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:335-350. [PMID: 32576579 PMCID: PMC7367609 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies support the association between nutrition and development or progression of different malignancies such as colon, breast, and prostate cancer, defining these tumors as diet-associated cancer. The Mediterranean diet shows inverse associations with metabolic diseases, cardiovascular pathologies and various types of cancer. Many bioactive nutrients of the Mediterranean diet have been identified as factors protective against these types of pathologies. The epigenome has been identified as the primary goal of modulations in gene expression related to these molecular nutrients. In fact, they can modify the epigenome and can be incorporated into the 'epigenetic diet', which translates into a diet regimen that can be used therapeutically for health or preventative purposes. Most epigenetic changes are influenced by lifestyle and nutrition. Epigenetic therapy is a new area for the development of nutraceuticals whose absence of toxicity can represent a valid asset in cancer prevention strategies. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics and nutraceuticals have led to the identification of superfoods capable of favorably conditioning gene expression. In this review, we highlight the importance of nutraceuticals present in the Mediterranean diet as epigenetic modifiers both in the mechanisms of tumor onset and as protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Eufemia Savino
- Clinical and Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
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11
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Sun W, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Quan N. The Emerging Role of Sestrin2 in Cell Metabolism, and Cardiovascular and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:154-163. [PMID: 32010489 PMCID: PMC6961765 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sestrins (Sesns), including Sesn1, Sesn2, and Sesn3, are cysteine sulfinyl reductases that play critical roles in the regulation of peroxide signaling and oxidant defense. Sesn2 is thought to regulate cell growth, metabolism, and survival response to various stresses, and act as a positive regulator of autophagy. The anti-oxidative and anti-aging roles of Sesn2 have been the focus of many recent studies. The role of Sesn2 in cellular metabolism and cardiovascular and age-related diseases must be analyzed and discussed. In this review, we discuss the physiological and pathophysiological roles and signaling pathways of Sesn2 in different stress-related conditions, such as oxidative stress, genotoxic stress, and hypoxia. Sesn2 is also involved in aging, cancer, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. Understanding the actions of Sesn2 in cell metabolism and age-related diseases will provide new evidence for future experimental research and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for Sesn2-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Sun
- 1Cardiovascular Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,2Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- 3Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- 1Cardiovascular Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nanhu Quan
- 1Cardiovascular Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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12
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Capurso C, Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. The Mediterranean Diet Slows Down the Progression of Aging and Helps to Prevent the Onset of Frailty: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010035. [PMID: 31877702 PMCID: PMC7019245 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population is rapidly increasing all over the world. This results in significant implications for the planning and provision of health and social care. Aging is physiologically characterized by a decrease in lean mass, bone mineral density and, to a lesser extent, fat mass. The onset of sarcopenia leads to weakness and a further decrease in physical activity. An insufficient protein intake, which we often observe in patients of advanced age, certainly accelerates the progression of sarcopenia. In addition, many other factors (e.g., insulin resistance, impaired protein digestion and absorption of amino acids) reduce the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, even if the protein intake is adequate. Inadequate intake of foods can also cause micronutrient deficiencies that contribute to the development of frailty. We know that a healthy eating style in middle age predisposes to so-called "healthy and successful" aging, which is the condition of the absence of serious chronic diseases or of an important decline in cognitive or physical functions, or mental health. The Mediterranean diet is recognized to be a "healthy food" dietary pattern; high adherence to this dietary pattern is associated with a lower incidence of chronic diseases and lower physical impairment in old age. The aim of our review was to analyze observational studies (cohort and case-control studies) that investigated the effects of following a healthy diet, and especially the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD), on the progression of aging and on onset of frailty.
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13
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Muscaritoli M, Arends J, Aapro M. From guidelines to clinical practice: a roadmap for oncologists for nutrition therapy for cancer patients. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919880084. [PMID: 31762796 PMCID: PMC6854759 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919880084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tackling malnutrition in cancer patients remains one of the most challenging tasks in clinical practice. Even though robust evidence exists stressing the role of nutritional status in relation to treatment outcome, its appropriate consideration in clinical practice is often lacking. In this review, we discuss the significance of nutritional status and of malnutrition for the cancer patient. Drawn from experience and from current recommendations of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN), we propose concrete and manageable steps to routinely incorporate nutritional aspects in today’s oncological clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 37, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Jann Arends
- Department of Medicine I, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matti Aapro
- Cancer Center, Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland
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14
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Bioprospecting for Bioactive Peptide Production by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Dairy Food. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5040096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With rapidly ageing populations, the world is experiencing unsustainable healthcare from chronic diseases such as metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and cancer disorders. Healthy diet and lifestyle might contribute to prevent these diseases and potentially enhance health outcomes in patients during and after therapy. Fermented dairy foods (FDFs) found their origin concurrently with human civilization for increasing milk shelf-life and enhancing sensorial attributes. Although the probiotic concept has been developed more recently, FDFs, such as milks and yoghurt, have been unconsciously associated with health-promoting effects since ancient times. These health benefits rely not only on the occurrence of fermentation-associated live microbes (mainly lactic acid bacteria; LAB), but also on the pro-health molecules (PHMs) mostly derived from microbial conversion of food compounds. Therefore, there is a renaissance of interest toward traditional fermented food as a reservoir of novel microbes producing PHMs, and “hyperfoods” can be tailored to deliver these healthy molecules to humans. In FDFs, the main PHMs are bioactive peptides (BPs) released from milk proteins by microbial proteolysis. BPs display a pattern of biofunctions such as anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, immuno-modulatory, and anti-microbial activities. Here, we summarized the BPs most frequently encountered in dairy food and their biological activities; we reviewed the main studies exploring the potential of dairy microbiota to release BPs; and delineated the main effectors of the proteolytic LAB systems responsible for BPs release.
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15
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Breast cancer prevention in premenopausal women: role of the Mediterranean diet and its components. Nutr Res Rev 2019; 33:19-32. [PMID: 31571551 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422419000167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a growing public health concern in most developed and developing countries. Since an increasing number of patients with BC are diagnosed before the menopause and premenopausal women show a more aggressive phenotype, there is consistent interest in promoting prevention strategies in order to reduce the incidence of BC in the premenopause. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been reported to have beneficial effect in terms of cancer prevention. This healthy dietary pattern consists primarily of foods having important antioxidant properties along with a favourable fatty acid profile, all associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Due to the large variability in study subject characteristics, the protective role of the MD on BC still remains controversial and studies that have investigated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of BC in premenopausal women are fewer than those in postmenopausal women. In addition, the possibility that the beneficial effects of the MD are due to a single component or might more probably derive from the synergic effects of all components of the MD remains a scantly explored field. Considering the increased risk of recurrence and mortality rate of BC in premenopausal women as compared with postmenopausal women, the aim of the present report is to provide a general overview of the current evidence on the relationship between BC and the MD specifically in premenopausal women, and to emphasise the potential role of the MD as an effective measure to reduce the risk of developing BC in premenopausal women.
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Baldassano S, Accardi G, Aiello A, Buscemi S, Di Miceli G, Galimberti D, Candore G, Ruisi P, Caruso C, Vasto S. Fibres as functional foods and the effects on gut hormones: The example of β-glucans in a single arm pilot study. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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17
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Vrhovac Madunić I, Madunić J, Antunović M, Paradžik M, Garaj-Vrhovac V, Breljak D, Marijanović I, Gajski G. Apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, induces apoptosis, DNA damage, and oxidative stress in human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29541820 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin is found in several dietary plant foods such as vegetables and fruits. To investigate potential anticancer properties of apigenin on human breast cancer, ER-positive MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA MB-231 cells were used. Moreover, toxicological safety of apigenin towards normal cells was evaluated in human lymphocytes. Cytotoxicity of apigenin towards cancer cells was evaluated by MTT assay whereas further genotoxic and oxidative stress parameters were measured by comet and lipid peroxidation assays, respectively. In order to examine the type of cell death induced by apigenin, several biomarkers were used. Toxicological safety towards normal cells was evaluated by cell viability and comet assays. After the treatment with apigenin, we observed changes in cell morphology in a dose- (10 to 100 μM) and time-dependent manner. Moreover, apigenin caused cell death in both cell lines leading to significant toxicity and dominantly to apoptosis. Furthermore, apigenin proved to be genotoxic towards the selected cancer cells with a potential to induce oxidative damage to lipids. Of great importance is that no significant cytogenotoxic effects were detected in normal cells. The observed cytogenotoxic and pro-cell death activities of apigenin coupled with its low toxicity towards normal cells indicate that this natural product could be used as a future anticancer modality. Therefore, further analysis to determine the exact mechanism of action and in vivo studies on animal models are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Vrhovac Madunić
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Madunić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Antunović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mladen Paradžik
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davorka Breljak
- Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Inga Marijanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a/2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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18
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Lee MK, Amorin-Woods L, Cascioli V, Adams J. The use of nutritional guidance within chiropractic patient management: a survey of 333 chiropractors from the ACORN practice-based research network. Chiropr Man Therap 2018; 26:7. [PMID: 29468012 PMCID: PMC5819231 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-018-0175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Food consumption and nutritional status affect an individual's health throughout their life-course and an unhealthy diet is a major risk factor for the current global burden of chronic disease. The promotion of health and good nutrition through healthy eating requires the active involvement of all health professionals including chiropractors. This paper reports findings from the first nationally representative examination of the use of nutritional guidance within chiropractic patient management in Australia. Methods A sample of 1000 practising chiropractors was randomly selected from the Australian Chiropractic Research Network (ACORN) practice-based research network database for a cross-sectional study and 33% participated in the online survey in November 2016. The questionnaire, based on previous designs used in similar surveys and nutrition resources developed by the National Health and Medical Research Council, was pretested prior to the survey. Pearson's Chi square and bivariate logistic regression were undertaken to explore relationships with variables of interest. Results The demographic details of the respondents are similar to those of the chiropractic workforce registered in Australia. Most chiropractors provided nutritional advice as part of their patient care and around a quarter provided specific dietary advice to their patients, including the use of nutrition supplements. Nutrition-related conditions most commonly encountered by the chiropractors were musculoskeletal, usually inflammatory in origin. Common nutritional assessment methods used included questioning patients to assess their nutritional and health status and physical appearance. Most of the participants provided nutritional resources to their patients in their clinics. However, the Australian Dietary Guidelines and the accompanying Australian Guide to Healthy Eating were not well utilised by the respondents. Australian chiropractors often referred patients with nutrition issues to qualified dietitians and other health professionals when deemed necessary. Conclusions Australian chiropractors regularly provide nutritional advice and appear to acknowledge the importance of nutrition in their clinical practice especially for patients presenting with chronic disease. If chiropractors are to fulfil their potential in providing such wider public health and preventative health advice to patients, further research examining the utilisation of evidence-based nutrition resources within chiropractic patient management is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Lee
- School of Health Professions, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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19
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Vasto S, Accardi G, Aiello A, Di Gaudio F, Barera A, Indelicato S, Galimberti D, Italiano E, Monastero R, Rizzo C, Caruso C, Candore G. Dietary Supplements as Surrogate of Mediterranean Diet in Healthy Smoking Subjects. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 21:37-43. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Vasto
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology “Alberto Monroy”, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Gaudio
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
- Quality Control Laboratories and Chemical Risk, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Barera
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Indelicato
- Quality Control Laboratories and Chemical Risk, University Hospital Paolo Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Emilio Italiano
- Operative Unit of Urology, Hospital “Villa Sofia-Cervello,” Piazzetta Salerno, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Rizzo
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Italian Association of Anti-Ageing Physicians, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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20
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Leonardi GC, Accardi G, Monastero R, Nicoletti F, Libra M. Ageing: from inflammation to cancer. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018; 15:1. [PMID: 29387133 PMCID: PMC5775596 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is the major risk factor for cancer development. Hallmark of the ageing process is represented by inflammaging, which is a chronic and systemic low-grade inflammatory process. Inflammation is also a hallmark of cancer and is widely recognized to influence all cancer stages from cell transformation to metastasis. Therefore, inflammaging may represent the biological phenomena able to couple ageing process with cancer development. Here we review the molecular and cellular pathway involved in age-related chronic inflammation along with its potential triggers and their connection with cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia C Leonardi
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- 2Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, Immunosenescence and Ageing Group, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Monastero
- 3Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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21
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Madunić J, Madunić IV, Gajski G, Popić J, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Apigenin: A dietary flavonoid with diverse anticancer properties. Cancer Lett 2018; 413:11-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Zanoaga O, Jurj A, Raduly L, Cojocneanu-Petric R, Fuentes-Mattei E, Wu O, Braicu C, Gherman CD, Berindan-Neagoe I. Implications of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1167-1176. [PMID: 29434704 PMCID: PMC5776638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents one of the most common forms of cancer in women worldwide, with an increase in the number of newly diagnosed patients in the last decade. The role of fatty acids, particularly of a diet rich in ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in breast cancer development is not fully understood and remains controversial due to their complex mechanism of action. However, a large number of animal models and cell culture studies have demonstrated that high levels of ω-3 PUFAs have an inhibitory role in the development and progression of breast cancer, compared to ω-6 PUFAs. The present review focused on recent studies regarding the correlation between dietary PUFAs and breast cancer development, and aimed to emphasize the main molecular mechanisms involved in the modification of cell membrane structure and function, modulation of signal transduction pathways, gene expression regulation, and antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects. Furthermore, the anticancer role of ω-3 PUFAs through the modulation of microRNA expression levels was also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Physiopathology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu-Petric
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Oscar Wu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Texas Tech University Honors College, McClellan Hall, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Diana Gherman
- Surgical Clinic II Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Surgery, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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23
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England J, Drouin S, Beaulieu P, St-Onge P, Krajinovic M, Laverdière C, Levy E, Marcil V, Sinnett D. Genomic determinants of long-term cardiometabolic complications in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:751. [PMID: 29126409 PMCID: PMC5681795 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While cure rates for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) now exceed 80%, over 60% of survivors will face treatment-related long-term sequelae, including cardiometabolic complications such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Although genetic susceptibility contributes to the development of these problems, there are very few studies that have so far addressed this issue in a cALL survivorship context. Methods In this study, we aimed at evaluating the associations between common and rare genetic variants and long-term cardiometabolic complications in survivors of cALL. We examined the cardiometabolic profile and performed whole-exome sequencing in 209 cALL survivors from the PETALE cohort. Variants associated with cardiometabolic outcomes were identified using PLINK (common) or SKAT (common and rare) and a logistic regression was used to evaluate their impact in multivariate models. Results Our results showed that rare and common variants in the BAD and FCRL3 genes were associated (p<0.05) with an extreme cardiometabolic phenotype (3 or more cardiometabolic risk factors). Common variants in OGFOD3 and APOB as well as rare and common BAD variants were significantly (p<0.05) associated with dyslipidemia. Common BAD and SERPINA6 variants were associated (p<0.05) with obesity and insulin resistance, respectively. Conclusions In summary, we identified genetic susceptibility loci as contributing factors to the development of late treatment-related cardiometabolic complications in cALL survivors. These biomarkers could be used as early detection strategies to identify susceptible individuals and implement appropriate measures and follow-up to prevent the development of risk factors in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade England
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Simon Drouin
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Patrick Beaulieu
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Pascal St-Onge
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Caroline Laverdière
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Departments of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Center, 3175 chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada. .,Departments of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.
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Cardamonin inhibits colonic neoplasia through modulation of MicroRNA expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13945. [PMID: 29066742 PMCID: PMC5655681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is currently the third leading cause of cancer related deaths. There is considerable interest in using dietary intervention strategies to prevent chronic diseases including cancer. Cardamonin is a spice derived nutraceutical and herein, for the first time we evaluated the therapeutic benefits of cardamonin in Azoxymethane (AOM) induced mouse model of colorectal cancer. Mice were divided into 4 groups of which three groups were given six weekly injections of AOM. One group served as untreated control and remaining groups were treated with either vehicle or Cardamonin starting from the same day or 16 weeks after the first AOM injection. Cardamonin treatment inhibited the tumor incidence, tumor multiplicity, Ki-67 and β-catenin positive cells. The activation of NF-kB signaling was also abrogated after cardamonin treatment. To elucidate the mechanism of action a global microRNA profiling of colon samples was performed. Computational analysis revealed that there is a differential expression of miRNAs between these groups. Subsequently, we extend our findings to human colorectal cancer and found that cardamonin inhibited the growth, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cell lines. Taken together, our study provides a better understanding of chemopreventive potential of cardamonin in colorectal cancer.
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25
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Capurso C, Vendemiale G. The Mediterranean Diet Reduces the Risk and Mortality of the Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review. Front Nutr 2017; 4:38. [PMID: 28884114 PMCID: PMC5573712 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in the world among men, and is the fifth most common cause of cancer death among men. The aim of our review was to analyze observational and case–control studies to point out the effects of overweight and diets components on the cancer risk, particularly on risk of prostate cancer, and the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on the reduction of risk and mortality of prostate cancer. It is known that incidence and progression of cancer is multifactorial. Cancer of the large bowel, breast, endometrium, and prostate are due also to a high body mass index and to high consumption of high carcinogenic dietary factors, as red and processed meat or saturated fats rich foods, and to a low consumption of vegetables and fruits. Previous meta-analysis suggested that high adherence to diet model based on the traditional MD pattern gives a significant protection from incidence and mortality of cancer of all types. The main component of the MD is olive oil, consumed in high amount by Mediterranean basin populations. In addition, phenolic compounds exert some strong chemo-preventive effects, which are due to several mechanisms, including both antioxidant effects and actions on cancer cell signaling and cell cycle progression and proliferation. The protective effect of the MD against the prostate cancer is also due to the high consumption of tomato sauce. Lycopene is the most relevant functional component in tomatoes; after activating by the cooking of tomato sauce, it exerts antioxidant properties by acting in the modulation of downregulation mechanisms of the inflammatory response. MD, therefore, represents a healthy dietary pattern in the context of a healthy lifestyle habits. In conclusion, our narrative review allows us to reaffirm how nutritional factors play an important role in cancer initiation and development, and how a healthy dietary pattern represented by MD and its components, especially olive oil, could exert a protective role by the development and progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Capurso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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26
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Li Y, Meeran SM, Tollefsbol TO. Combinatorial bioactive botanicals re-sensitize tamoxifen treatment in ER-negative breast cancer via epigenetic reactivation of ERα expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9345. [PMID: 28839265 PMCID: PMC5570897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer prevention has primarily focused on single chemopreventive compounds that may not be sufficiently efficacious. We sought to investigate potential combinatorial effects of epigenetic bioactive botanicals including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and sulforaphane (SFN) in broccoli sprouts (BSp) on neutralizing epigenetic aberrations in estrogen receptor-α (ERα) leading to enhanced anti-hormone therapeutic efficacy in ERα-negative breast cancer. Our results showed that this combinatorial treatment re-sensitized ERα-dependent cellular inhibitory responses to an estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen (TAM), via at least in part, epigenetic reactivation of ERα expression in ERα-negative breast cancer cells. Further in vivo studies revealed the combinatorial diets of GTPs and BSp significantly inhibited breast tumor growth in ERα-negative mouse xenografts, especially when combined with TAM treatment. This novel treatment regimen can lead to remodeling of the chromatin structure by histone modifications and recruitment changes of transcriptional factor complex in the ERα promoter thereby contributing to ERα reactivation and re-sensitized chemotherapeutic efficacy of anti-hormone therapy. Our studies indicate that combinatorial bioactive botanicals from GTPs and BSp are highly effective in inhibiting ERα-negative breast cancer due at least in part to epigenetic reactivation of ERα, which in turn increases TAM-dependent anti-estrogen chemosensitivity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA. .,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA.
| | - Syed M Meeran
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570019, India
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA.,Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, USA
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27
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Favero G, Franceschetti L, Buffoli B, Moghadasian MH, Reiter RJ, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Melatonin: Protection against age-related cardiac pathology. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:336-349. [PMID: 27884595 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex and progressive process that involves physiological and metabolic deterioration in every organ and system. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity among elderly subjects worldwide. Most age-related cardiovascular disorders can be influenced by modifiable behaviours such as a healthy diet rich in fruit and vegetables, avoidance of smoking, increased physical activity and reduced stress. The role of diet in prevention of various disorders is a well-established factor, which has an even more important role in the geriatric population. Melatonin, an indoleamine with multiple actions including antioxidant properties, has been identified in a very large number of plant species, including edible plant products and medical herbs. Among products where melatonin has been identified include wine, olive oil, tomato, beer, and others. Interestingly, consumed melatonin in plant foods or melatonin supplementation may promote health benefits by virtue of its multiple properties and it may counteract pathological conditions also related to cardiovascular disorders, carcinogenesis, neurological diseases and aging. In the present review, we summarized melatonin effects against age-related cardiac alterations and abnormalities with a special focus on heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franceschetti
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Buffoli
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Mohammed H Moghadasian
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba and the Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luigi F Rodella
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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Aiello A, Accardi G, Candore G, Carruba G, Davinelli S, Passarino G, Scapagnini G, Vasto S, Caruso C. Nutrigerontology: a key for achieving successful ageing and longevity. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2016; 13:17. [PMID: 27213002 PMCID: PMC4875663 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the last two centuries the average lifespan has increased at a rate of approximately 3 months/year in both sexes, hence oldest old people are becoming the population with the fastest growth in Western World. Although the average life expectancy is increasing dramatically, the healthy lifespan is not going at the same pace. This underscores the importance of studies on the prevention of age-related diseases, in order to satisfactorily decrease the medical, economic and social problems associated to advancing age, related to an increased number of individuals not autonomous and affected by invalidating pathologies. In particular, data from experimental studies in model organisms have consistently shown that nutrient signalling pathways are involved in longevity, affecting the prevalence of age-related loss of function, including age-related diseases. Accordingly, nutrigerontology is defined as the scientific discipline that studies the impact of nutrients, foods, macronutrient ratios, and diets on lifespan, ageing process, and age-related diseases. To discuss the potential relevance of this new science in the attainment of successful ageing and longevity, three original studies performed in Sicily with local foods and two reviews have been assembled in this series. Data clearly demonstrate the positive effects of nutraceuticals, functional foods and Mediterranean Diet on several biological parameters. In fact, they could represent a prevention for many age-related diseases, and, although not a solution for this social plague, at least a remedy to alleviate it. Thus, the possibility to create a dietary pattern, based on the combined strategy of the use of both nutraceuticals and functional foods should permit to create a new therapeutic strategy, based not only on a specific bioactive molecule or on a specific food but on a integrated approach that, starting from the local dietary habits, can be led to a “nutrafunctional diet” applicable worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carruba
- Division of Research and Internationalization, ARNAS-Civico Di Cristina e Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, 86100 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), 87036 Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, 86100 Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy and Institute of biomedicine and molecular immunology "Alberto Monroy" CNR, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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