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Ramírez-Calero S, Paula JR, Otjacques E, Ravasi T, Rosa R, Schunter C. Neuromolecular responses in disrupted mutualistic cleaning interactions under future environmental conditions. BMC Biol 2023; 21:258. [PMID: 37957664 PMCID: PMC10644551 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutualistic interactions, which constitute some of the most advantageous interactions among fish species, are highly vulnerable to environmental changes. A key mutualistic interaction is the cleaning service rendered by the cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus, which involves intricate processes of social behaviour to remove ectoparasites from client fish and can be altered in near-future environmental conditions. Here, we evaluated the neuromolecular mechanisms behind the behavioural disruption of cleaning interactions in response to future environments. We subjected cleaner wrasses and surgeonfish (Acanthurus leucosternon, serving as clients) to elevated temperature (warming, 32 °C), increased levels of CO2 (high CO2, 1000 ppm), and a combined condition of elevated CO2 and temperature (warming and high CO2, 32 °C, and 1000 ppm) for 28 days. RESULTS Each of these conditions resulted in behavioural disruptions concerning the motivation to interact and the quality of interaction (high CO2 - 80.7%, warming - 92.6%, warming and high CO2 - 79.5%, p < 0.001). Using transcriptomics of the fore-, mid-, and hindbrain, we discovered that most transcriptional reprogramming in both species under warming conditions occurred primarily in the hind- and forebrain. The associated functions under warming were linked to stress, heat shock proteins, hypoxia, and behaviour. In contrast, elevated CO2 exposure affected a range of functions associated with GABA, behaviour, visual perception, thyroid hormones and circadian rhythm. Interestingly, in the combined warming and high CO2 condition, we did not observe any expression changes of behaviour. However, we did find signs of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, suggesting not only an additive effect of the environmental conditions but also a trade-off between physiological performance and behaviour in the cleaner wrasse. CONCLUSIONS We show that impending environmental shifts can affect the behaviour and molecular processes that sustain mutualistic interactions between L. dimidiatus and its clients, which could have a cascading effect on their adaptation potential and possibly cause large-scale impacts on coral reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramírez-Calero
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departament de Biologia Marina, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Pg. Marítim de La Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Paula
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E Otjacques
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Division of Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Church Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - T Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - R Rosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora Do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Schunter
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Krebs N, Bock C, Tebben J, Mark FC, Lucassen M, Lannig G, Pörtner HO. Evolutionary Adaptation of Protein Turnover in White Muscle of Stenothermal Antarctic Fish: Elevated Cold Compensation at Reduced Thermal Responsiveness. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1507. [PMID: 37892189 PMCID: PMC10605280 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein turnover is highly energy consuming and overall relates to an organism's growth performance varying largely between species, e.g., due to pre-adaptation to environmental characteristics such as temperature. Here, we determined protein synthesis rates and capacity of protein degradation in white muscle of the cold stenothermal Antarctic eelpout (Pachycara brachycephalum) and its closely related temperate counterpart, the eurythermal common eelpout (Zoarces viviparus). Both species were exposed to acute warming (P. brachycephalum, 0 °C + 2 °C day-1; Z. viviparus, 4 °C + 3 °C day-1). The in vivo protein synthesis rate (Ks) was monitored after injection of 13C-phenylalanine, and protein degradation capacity was quantified by measuring the activity of cathepsin D in vitro. Untargeted metabolic profiling by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to identify the metabolic processes involved. Independent of temperature, the protein synthesis rate was higher in P. brachycephalum (Ks = 0.38-0.614 % day-1) than in Z. viviparus (Ks= 0.148-0.379% day-1). Whereas protein synthesis remained unaffected by temperature in the Antarctic species, protein synthesis in Z. viviparus increased to near the thermal optimum (16 °C) and tended to fall at higher temperatures. Most strikingly, capacities for protein degradation were about ten times higher in the Antarctic compared to the temperate species. These differences are mirrored in the metabolic profiles, with significantly higher levels of complex and essential amino acids in the free cytosolic pool of the Antarctic congener. Together, the results clearly indicate a highly cold-compensated protein turnover in the Antarctic eelpout compared to its temperate confamilial. Constant versus variable environments are mirrored in rigid versus plastic functional responses of the protein synthesis machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Krebs
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Christian Bock
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Jan Tebben
- Department of Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany;
| | - Felix C. Mark
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Magnus Lucassen
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Gisela Lannig
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Hans-Otto Pörtner
- Department of Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; (C.B.); (F.C.M.); (M.L.); (G.L.)
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Hoerterer C, Petereit J, Lannig G, Bock C, Buck BH. 1H-NMR-Based Metabolic Profiling in Muscle and Liver Tissue of Juvenile Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus) Fed with Plant and Animal Protein Sources. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050612. [PMID: 37233653 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular economy driven feed ingredients and emerging protein sources, such as insects and microbial meals, has the potential to partially replace fishmeal in diets of high-trophic fish. Even though growth and feed performance are often unaffected at low inclusion levels, the metabolic effects are unknown. This study examined the metabolic response of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to diets with graded fishmeal replacement with plant, animal, and emerging protein sources (PLANT, PAP, and MIX) in comparison to a commercial-like diet (CTRL). A 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to assess the metabolic profiles of muscle and liver tissue after feeding the fish the experimental diets for 16 weeks. The comparative approach revealed a decrease in metabolites that are associated with energy deficiency in both tissues of fish fed with fishmeal-reduced diets compared to the commercial-like diet (CTRL). Since growth and feeding performance were unaffected, the observed metabolic response suggests that the balanced feed formulations, especially at lower fishmeal replacement levels, have the potential for industry application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hoerterer
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biosciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jessica Petereit
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biosciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Gisela Lannig
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biosciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Christian Bock
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biosciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Bela H Buck
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biosciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- Faculty 1 Technology, University of Applied Sciences Bremerhaven, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Wermter FC, Bock C, Dreher W. Characterization of amine proton exchange for analyzing the specificity and intensity of the CEST effect: from humans to fish. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4622. [PMID: 34605080 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) at about 2.8 ppm downfield from water is characterized besides other compounds by exchanging amine protons of relatively high concentration amino acids and is determined by several physiological (pH, T) and experimental (B0 , B1 , tsat ) parameters. Although the weighting of the CEST effect observed in vivo can be attributed mainly to one compound depending on the organism and organ, there are still several other amino acids, proteins and molecules that also contribute. These contributions in turn exhibit dependences and thus can lead to possible misinterpretation of the measured changes in the CEST effect. With this in mind, this work aimed to determine the exchange rates of six important amino acids as a function of pH and temperature, and thus to create multi-pool models that allow the accurate analysis of the CEST effect concerning different physiological and experimental parameters for a wide variety of organisms. The results show that small changes in the above parameters have a significant impact on the CEST effect at about 2.8 ppm for the chosen organisms, i.e. the human brain (37 °C) and the brain of polar cod (1.5 °C), furthermore, the specificity of the CEST effect observed in vivo can be significantly affected. Based on the exchange rates ksw (pH, T) determined for six metabolites in this study, it is possible to optimize the intensity and the specificity for the CEST effect of amino acids at about 2.8 ppm for different organisms with their specific physiological characteristics. By adjusting experimental parameters accordingly, this optimization will help to avoid possible misinterpretations of CEST measurements. Furthermore, the multi-pool models can be utilized to further optimize the saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas C Wermter
- Department of Chemistry, in-vivo-MR group, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Bock
- Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Dreher
- Department of Chemistry, in-vivo-MR group, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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5
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Matoo OB, Lannig G, Bock C, Sokolova IM. Temperature but not ocean acidification affects energy metabolism and enzyme activities in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3366-3379. [PMID: 33841790 PMCID: PMC8019023 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In mosaic marine habitats, such as intertidal zones, ocean acidification (OA) is exacerbated by high variability of pH, temperature, and biological CO2 production. The nonlinear interactions among these drivers can be context-specific and their effect on organisms in these habitats remains largely unknown, warranting further investigation.We were particularly interested in Mytilus edulis (the blue mussel) from intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (GOM), USA, for this study. GOM is a hot spot of global climate change (average sea surface temperature (SST) increasing by >0.2°C/year) with >60% decline in mussel population over the past 40 years.Here, we utilize bioenergetic underpinnings to identify limits of stress tolerance in M. edulis from GOM exposed to warming and OA. We have measured whole-organism oxygen consumption rates and metabolic biomarkers in mussels exposed to control and elevated temperatures (10 vs. 15°C, respectively) and current and moderately elevated P CO2 levels (~400 vs. 800 µatm, respectively).Our study demonstrates that adult M. edulis from GOM are metabolically resilient to the moderate OA scenario but responsive to warming as seen in changes in metabolic rate, energy reserves (total lipids), metabolite profiles (glucose and osmolyte dimethyl amine), and enzyme activities (carbonic anhydrase and calcium ATPase).Our results are in agreement with recent literature that OA scenarios for the next 100-300 years do not affect this species, possibly as a consequence of maintaining its in vivo acid-base balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omera B. Matoo
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNEUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA
| | - Gisela Lannig
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAlfred Wegener InstituteBremerhavenGermany
| | - Christian Bock
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAlfred Wegener InstituteBremerhavenGermany
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA
- Department of Marine BiologyInstitute of Biological SciencesUniversität RostockRostockGermany
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6
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Terhaar J, Kwiatkowski L, Bopp L. Emergent constraint on Arctic Ocean acidification in the twenty-first century. Nature 2020; 582:379-383. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Single and combined effects of the "Deadly trio" hypoxia, hypercapnia and warming on the cellular metabolism of the great scallop Pecten maximus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 243-244:110438. [PMID: 32251734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the ocean the main climate drivers affecting marine organisms are warming, hypercapnia, and hypoxia. We investigated the acute effects of warming (W), warming plus hypercapnia (WHc, ~1800 μatm CO2), warming plus hypoxia (WHo, ~12.1 kPa O2), and a combined exposure of all three drivers (Deadly Trio, DT) on king scallops (Pecten maximus). All exposures started at 14 °C and temperature was increased by 2 °C once every 48 h until the lethal temperature was reached (28 °C). Gill samples were taken at 14 °C, 18 °C, 22 °C, and 26 °C and analyzed for their metabolic response by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Scallops were most tolerant to WHc and most susceptible to oxygen reduction (WHo and DT). In particular under DT, scallops' mitochondrial energy metabolism was affected. Changes became apparent at 22 °C and 26 °C involving significant accumulation of glycogenic amino acids (e.g. glycine and valine) and anaerobic end-products (e.g. acetic acid and succinate). In line with these observations the LT50 was lower under the exposure to DT (22.5 °C) than to W alone (~ 25 °C) indicating a narrowing of the thermal niche due to an imbalance between oxygen demand and supply.
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Schunter C, Ravasi T, Munday PL, Nilsson GE. Neural effects of elevated CO 2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz100. [PMID: 31832196 PMCID: PMC6899223 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive behavioural disturbances have been reported in some fishes and aquatic invertebrates exposed to projected future CO2 levels. These disturbances have been linked to altered ion gradients and neurotransmitter function in the brain. Still, it seems surprising that the relatively small ionic changes induced by near-future CO2 levels can have such profound neural effects. Based on recent transcriptomics data, we propose that a vicious cycle can be triggered that amplifies the initial disturbance, explaining how small pH regulatory adjustments in response to ocean acidification can lead to major behavioural alterations in fish and other water-breathing animals. The proposed cycle is initiated by a reversal of the function of some inhibitory GABAA receptors in the direction of neural excitation and then amplified by adjustments in gene expression aimed at suppressing the excitation but in reality increasing it. In addition, the increased metabolic production of CO2 by overexcited neurons will feed into the cycle by elevating intracellular bicarbonate levels that will lead to increased excitatory ion fluxes through GABAA receptors. We also discuss the possibility that an initiation of a vicious cycle could be one of the several factors underlying the differences in neural sensitivity to elevated CO2 displayed by fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Philip L Munday
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Dr, Townsville, Queensland 4814, Australia
| | - Göran E Nilsson
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Paula JR, Repolho T, Pegado MR, Thörnqvist PO, Bispo R, Winberg S, Munday PL, Rosa R. Neurobiological and behavioural responses of cleaning mutualisms to ocean warming and acidification. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12728. [PMID: 31484945 PMCID: PMC6726634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleaning interactions are textbook examples of mutualisms. On coral reefs, most fishes engage in cooperative interactions with cleaners fishes, where they benefit from ectoparasite reduction and ultimately stress relief. Furthermore, such interactions elicit beneficial effects on clients' ecophysiology. However, the potential effects of future ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) on these charismatic associations are unknown. Here we show that a 45-day acclimation period to OW (+3 °C) and OA (980 μatm pCO2) decreased interactions between cleaner wrasses (Labroides dimidiatus) and clients (Naso elegans). Cleaners also invested more in the interactions by providing tactile stimulation under OA. Although this form of investment is typically used by cleaners to prolong interactions and reconcile after cheating, interaction time and client jolt rate (a correlate of dishonesty) were not affected by any stressor. In both partners, the dopaminergic (in all brain regions) and serotoninergic (forebrain) systems were significantly altered by these stressors. On the other hand, in cleaners, the interaction with warming ameliorated dopaminergic and serotonergic responses to OA. Dopamine and serotonin correlated positively with motivation to interact and cleaners interaction investment (tactile stimulation). We advocate that such neurobiological changes associated with cleaning behaviour may affect the maintenance of community structures on coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ricardo Paula
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Repolho
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Maria Rita Pegado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Per-Ove Thörnqvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 593, Uppsala, SE, 75124, Sweden
| | - Regina Bispo
- Departamento de Matemática, Centro de Matemática e Aplicações, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 593, Uppsala, SE, 75124, Sweden
| | - Philip L Munday
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Rui Rosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, 939, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
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STC1 and PTHrP Modify Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Liver of a Teleost Fish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:723. [PMID: 30679516 PMCID: PMC6346029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) are calciotropic hormones in vertebrates. Here, a recently hypothesized metabolic role for these hormones is tested on European sea bass treated with: (i) teleost PTHrP(1-34), (ii) PTHrP(1-34) and anti-STC1 serum (pro-PTHrP groups), (iii) a PTHrP antagonist PTHrP(7-34) or (iv) PTHrP(7-34) and STC1 (pro-STC1 groups). Livers were analysed using untargeted metabolic profiling based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Concentrations of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), alanine, glutamine and glutamate increased in pro-STC1 groups suggesting their mobilization from the muscle to the liver for degradation and gluconeogenesis from alanine and glutamine. In addition, only STC1 treatment decreased the concentrations of succinate, fumarate and acetate, indicating slowing of the citric acid cycle. In the pro-PTHrP groups the concentrations of glucose, erythritol and lactate decreased, indicative of gluconeogenesis from lactate. Taurine, trimethylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide and carnitine changed in opposite directions in the pro-STC1 versus the pro-PTHrP groups, suggesting opposite effects, with STC1 stimulating lipogenesis and PTHrP activating lipolysis/β-oxidation of fatty acids. These findings suggest a role for STC1 and PTHrP related to strategic energy mechanisms that involve the production of glucose and safeguard of liver glycogen reserves for stressful situations.
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11
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Ecological effects of elevated CO2 on marine and freshwater fishes: From individual to community effects. FISH PHYSIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.fp.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Wang H, Wei H, Tang L, Lu J, Mu C, Wang C. A proteomics of gills approach to understanding salinity adaptation of Scylla paramamosain. Gene 2018; 677:119-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Wermter FC, Maus B, Pörtner HO, Dreher W, Bock C. CO 2 induced pH i changes in the brain of polar fish: a TauCEST application. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3955. [PMID: 29932479 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) from taurine to water (TauCEST) can be used for in vivo mapping of taurine concentrations as well as for measurements of relative changes in intracellular pH (pHi ) at temperatures below 37°C. Therefore, TauCEST offers the opportunity to investigate acid-base regulation and neurological disturbances of ectothermic animals living at low temperatures, and in particular to study the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on neurophysiological changes of fish. Here, we report the first in vivo application of TauCEST imaging. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the TauCEST effect in a broad range of temperatures (1-37°C) and pH (5.5-8.0), motivated by the high taurine concentration measured in the brains of polar fish. The in vitro data show that the TauCEST effect is especially detectable in the low temperature range and strictly monotonic for the relevant pH range (6.8-7.5). To investigate the specificity of TauCEST imaging for the brain of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) at 1.5°C simulations were carried out, indicating a taurine contribution of about 65% to the in vivo expected CEST effect, if experimental parameters are optimized. B. saida was acutely exposed to three different CO2 concentrations in the sea water (control normocapnia; comparatively moderate hypercapnia OAm = 3300 μatm; high hypercapnia OAh = 4900 μatm). TauCEST imaging of the brain showed a significant increase in the TauCEST effect under the different CO2 concentrations of about 1.5-3% in comparison with control measurements, indicative of changes in pHi or metabolite concentration. Consecutive recordings of 1 H MR spectra gave no support for a concentration induced change of the in vivo observed TauCEST effect. Thus, the in vivo application of TauCEST offers the possibility of mapping relative changes in pHi in the brain of polar cod during exposure to CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Felizitas C Wermter
- University of Bremen, Department of Chemistry, in-vivo-MR Group, Bremen, Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Bastian Maus
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Hans-O Pörtner
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Dreher
- University of Bremen, Department of Chemistry, in-vivo-MR Group, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Bock
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Bremerhaven, Germany
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Rebelein A, Pörtner HO, Bock C. Untargeted metabolic profiling reveals distinct patterns of thermal sensitivity in two related notothenioids. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 217:43-54. [PMID: 29288768 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Antarctic marine ectothermal animals may be affected more than temperate species by rising temperatures due to ongoing climate change. Their specialisation on stable cold temperatures makes them vulnerable to even small degrees of warming. Thus, addressing the impacts of warming on Antarctic organisms and identifying their potentially limited capacities to respond is of interest. The objective of the study was to determine changes in metabolite profiles related to temperature acclimation. In a long-term experiment adult fish of two Antarctic sister species Notothenia rossii and Notothenia coriiceps were acclimated to 0°C and 5°C for three months. Impacts and indicators of acclimation at the cellular level were determined from metabolite profiles quantified in gill tissue extracts using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the metabolite profiles of the two con-generic species were compared. NMR spectroscopy identified 37 metabolites that were present in each sample, but varied in their absolute concentration between species and between treatments. A decrease in amino acid levels indicated an increased amino acid catabolism after incubation to 5°C. In addition, long term warming initiated shifts in organic osmolyte concentrations and modified membrane structure observed by altered levels of phospholipid compounds. Differences in the metabolite profile between the two notothenioid species can be related to their divergent lifestyles, especially their different rates of motor activity. Increased levels of the Krebs cycle intermediate succinate and a higher reduction of amino acid concentrations in warm-acclimated N. rossii showed that N. rossii is more affected by warming than N. coriiceps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Rebelein
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Hans-Otto Pörtner
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany; University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Bock
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Integrative Ecophysiology, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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