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Figurskey AC, Hollingsworth B, Doyle MS, Reiskind MH. Effectiveness of autocidal gravid trapping and chemical control in altering abundance and age structure of Aedes albopictus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2931-2939. [PMID: 35417621 PMCID: PMC9321977 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus is a nuisance pest mosquito of public health importance commonly managed with adulticides and larvicides. We investigated whether adding Gravid Aedes Traps (GATs), Autocidal Gravid Ovitraps (AGOs) or In2Care traps would extend the effectiveness of chemical control methods in Wake County, North Carolina, USA, by combining barrier sprays and larval habitat management (LHM) with each trap type at suburban households. We compared these three treatment groups to untreated controls and to backyards treated only with barrier sprays and LHM. Once a week, for ten weeks, we collected adult mosquitoes at each house using lure-baited surveillance traps and dissected a portion of Ae. albopictus females to determine parity. RESULTS Barrier sprays and LHM alone or combined with any supplemental autocidal ovitrap significantly reduced female Ae. albopictus through Week 3 post-treatment. GATs significantly extended chemical control effectiveness for the duration of the study. Compared to the untreated control, the AGO and GAT treatment groups had significant overall female Ae. albopictus reductions of 74% and 80.4%, respectively, with populations aging significantly slower at houses treated with AGOs. CONCLUSION This household-level study, though limited in size, observed significant reductions in nuisance Ae. albopictus when combining AGOs and GATs with chemical controls for an eight-week period. Delayed population aging in AGO-treated yards suggests that traps also could mitigate disease transmission risk. Future studies should test these control methods at the neighborhood level to evaluate large-scale effectiveness as well as assess the effect of autocidal ovitraps without chemical intervention. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael S. Doyle
- Division of Public HealthNorth Carolina Department of Health and Human ServicesRaleighNCUSA
| | - Michael H. Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
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Assessing Entomological and Epidemiological Efficacy of Pyriproxyfen-Treated Ovitraps in the Reduction of Aedes Species: A Quasi-Experiment on Dengue Infection Using Saliva Samples. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053026. [PMID: 35270720 PMCID: PMC8910485 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Our study assessed the impact of using ovitraps with pyriproxyfen on mosquito populations and the feasibility of using human saliva samples to test for seroconversion to dengue virus (DENV). We used a quasi-experimental research design by forming the intervention (n = 220) and the control (n = 223) groups in neighboring Taguig City, Philippines, over 4 months. Socio-demographic data, entomological indices, and IgG antibodies against DENV were measured. Associations between the implementation of ovitraps dosed with pyriproxyfen and mosquito densities (percentage positive ovitraps and container indices) and DENV seroconversion were calculated post-intervention in Months 2, 3, and 4. Among the participants recruited at baseline, 17 and 13 were seropositive for dengue (DENV) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Both entomological indices were lower in the treated area than the control site at post-intervention Months 2, 3, and 4, but not earlier. Dengue seroconversions rates decreased in the treated population, but not significantly so. In conclusion, the use of PPF-treated ovitraps may have impacted the mosquito population, but not seroconversion rates. Compliance in providing saliva samples and the ability to detect IgG antibodies within these samples was encouraging and suggests that further studies on larger populations for longer durations are warranted.
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Buckner EA, Williams KF, Ramirez S, Darrisaw C, Carrillo JM, Latham MD, Lesser CR. A Field Efficacy Evaluation of In2Care Mosquito Traps in Comparison with Routine Integrated Vector Management at Reducing Aedes aegypti. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2021; 37:242-249. [PMID: 34817613 DOI: 10.2987/21-7038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the predominant vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. This mosquito is difficult to control with conventional methods due to its container-inhabiting behavior and resistance to insecticides. Autodissemination of pyriproxyfen (PPF), a potent larvicide, has shown promise as an additional tool to control Aedes species in small-scale field trials. However, few large-scale field evaluations have been conducted. We undertook a 6-month-long large-scale field study to compare the effectiveness and operational feasibility of using In2Care Mosquito Traps (In2Care Traps, commercially available Aedes traps with PPF and Beauveria bassiana) compared to an integrated vector management (IVM) strategy consisting of source reduction, larviciding, and adulticiding for controlling Ae. aegypti eggs, larvae, and adults. We found that while the difference between treatments was only statistically significant for eggs and larvae (P < 0.05 for eggs and larvae and P > 0.05 for adults), the use of In2Care Traps alone resulted in 60%, 57%, and 57% fewer eggs, larvae, and adults, respectively, collected from that site compared to the IVM site. However, In2Care Trap deployment and maintenance were more time consuming and labor intensive than the IVM strategy. Thus, using In2Care Traps alone as a control method for large areas (e.g., >20 ha) may be less practical for control programs with the capacity to conduct ground and aerial larviciding and adulticiding. Based on our study results, we conclude that In2Care Traps are effective at suppressing Ae. aegypti and have the most potential for use in areas without sophisticated control programs and within IVM programs to target hotspots with high population levels and/or risk of Aedes-borne pathogen transmission.
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Indirect transfer of pyriproxyfen to European honeybees via an autodissemination approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009824. [PMID: 34648501 PMCID: PMC8516248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency of arboviral disease epidemics is increasing and vector control remains the primary mechanism to limit arboviral transmission. Container inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are the primary vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Current vector control methods for these species are often ineffective, suggesting the need for novel control approaches. A proposed novel approach is autodissemination of insect growth regulators (IGRs). The advantage of autodissemination approaches is small amounts of active ingredients compared to traditional insecticide applications are used to impact mosquito populations. While the direct targeting of cryptic locations via autodissemination seems like a significant advantage over large scale applications of insecticides, this approach could actually affect nontarget organisms by delivering these highly potent long lasting growth inhibitors such as pyriproxyfen (PPF) to the exact locations that other beneficial insects visit, such as a nectar source. Here we tested the hypothesis that PPF treated male Ae. albopictus will contaminate nectar sources, which results in the indirect transfer of PPF to European honey bees (Apis mellifera). We performed bioassays, fluorescent imaging, and mass spectrometry on insect and artificial nectar source materials to examine for intra- and interspecific transfer of PPF. Data suggests there is direct transfer of PPF from Ae. albopictus PPF treated males and indirect transfer of PPF to A. mellifera from artificial nectar sources. In addition, we show a reduction in fecundity in Ae. albopictus and Drosophila melanogaster when exposed to sublethal doses of PPF. The observed transfer of PPF to A. mellifera suggests the need for further investigation of autodissemination approaches in a more field like setting to examine for risks to insect pollinators. Autodissemination approaches have attracted a significant amount of attention for mosquito control because of the advantages of self-delivery of small amounts of highly potent insect growth regulators (IGRs) such as pyriproxyfen (PPF) to oviposition locations. However, while PPF may be delivered to oviposition locations by the mosquito vehicles, these treated mosquitoes may also be delivering PPF to nectar sources that other insects may visit, in particular important insect pollinators. Here we have examined for the direct transfer of PPF to nectar sources and the indirect transfer to the European honey bee. We show PPF is being deposited on artificial nectar sources and is being indirectly transferred to European honey bees. The results are discussed in reference to the potential risks to important insect pollinators of using autodissemination approaches for mosquito control.
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Mohd Ngesom AM, Ahmad Razi A, Azizan NS, Wasi Ahmad N, Md Lasim A, Liang Y, Greenhalgh D, Min JCS, Sahani M, Hod R, Othman H. Evaluation of a mosquito home system for controlling Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:413. [PMID: 34407881 PMCID: PMC8375193 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is a significant public health issue that is caused by Aedes spp. mosquitoes. The current vector control methods are unable to effectively reduce Aedes populations and thus fail to decrease dengue transmission. Hence, there is an urgent need for new tools and strategies to reduce dengue transmission in a wide range of settings. In this study, the Mosquito Home System (MHS) and Mosquito Home Aqua (MHAQ) formulations were assessed as commercial autodissemination traps in laboratory and small-scale field trials. METHOD Multiple series of laboratory and small-scale field trials were performed to assess the efficacy of MHS and MHAQ exposed to Ae. aegypti. In the laboratory trials, various parameters such as fecundity, fertility, wing size, oviposition preferences, residual effects, and MHAQ transference to other containers through controlled experiments were tested. For small-scale field trials, the efficacy of the MHS and MHAQ approaches was determined to ascertain whether wild mosquitoes could transfer the MHAQ formulation from MHS stations to ovitraps. RESULTS The data revealed that Ae. aegypti was highly susceptible to low concentrations of MHAQ formulations and had a residual effect of up to 3 months, with MHAQ exposure affecting fecundity, fertility, and mosquito wing size. In the oviposition studies, gravid females strongly preferred the hay infusion compared to tap water and MHAQ during egg-laying in the laboratory. Nevertheless, the use of commercial MHAQ by MHS was highly attractive in field settings compared to conventional ovitraps among local Aedes spp. mosquitoes. In addition, MHAQ horizontal transfer activities in the laboratory and small-scale field trials were demonstrated through larval bioassays. These findings demonstrated the potential of MHAQ to be transferred to new containers in each study site. CONCLUSION This study provided proof of principle for the autodissemination of MHAQ. Through further refinement, this technique and device could become an effective oviposition trap and offer an alternative preventive tool for vector control management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mohiddin Mohd Ngesom
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anis Ahmad Razi
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahirah Azizan
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazni Wasi Ahmad
- Medical Entomology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Asmalia Md Lasim
- Phytochemistry Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Centre (HMRC), Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yanfeng Liang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XH UK
| | - David Greenhalgh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XH UK
| | - Jasmine Chia Siew Min
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mazrura Sahani
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50600 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hidayatulfathi Othman
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Heterodissemination: precision insecticide delivery to mosquito larval habitats by cohabiting vertebrates. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14119. [PMID: 34238977 PMCID: PMC8266888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional larvicide delivery strategies originally developed for permanent and floodwater mosquitoes have proved suboptimal in the small, scattered, and cryptic larval habitats preferred by container-inhabiting Aedes mosquitoes. New methods such as autodissemination, wherein adult mosquitoes spread insecticides to their own larval habitats, have been under study. Another novel delivery method termed heterodissemination, i.e. larvicide delivery by other species sharing the same habitats, has also been proposed. We conducted a proof-of-concept study with four independent experiments using American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) and green frogs Lithobates clamitans as carriers of pyriproxyfen, an insect growth regulator, under semi-field conditions in three different locations, two in New Jersey, and one in Utah. Frogs with attached slow-release pyriproxyfen tablets were introduced into outdoor enclosures with water containers. Water samples from the containers were periodically tested using larval Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquitoes to assess mortality and percent eclosure inhibition. Overall pupal mortality [95% credible intervals] estimated by Bayesian analysis for the treatment group was 73.4% [71.3–75.2] compared to 4.1% [2.9–5.5] for the control group. Mortality within treatment groups in four different experiments ranged from 41 to 100%, whereas control mortalities ranged from 0.5% to 11%. We conclude that heterodissemination is a promising and effective approach deserving of further study.
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Susceptibility of South Texas Aedes aegypti to Pyriproxyfen. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050460. [PMID: 34067509 PMCID: PMC8157070 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary We evaluated the susceptibility of an Ae. aegypti strain from the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of South Texas to the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen. We observed a difference in the inhibition of emergence to the lowest doses of pyriproxyfen tested between our field strain and a susceptible strain. However, the doses used are 10 times lower from the recommended application of <50 ppb for vector control programs. Our results suggest that pyriproxyfen should be an effective active ingredient in the LRGV to help reduce Ae. aegypti populations in the LRGV. Abstract An integral part to integrated mosquito management is to ensure chemical products used for area-wide control are effective against a susceptible population of mosquitoes. Prior to conducting an intervention trial using an insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen, in South Texas to control Aedes aegypti, we conducted a larval bioassay to evaluate baseline levels of susceptibility. We used seven serially-diluted doses ranging from 2.5 ppb to 6.3 × 10−4 ppb. We observed 100% inhibition emergence (IE) at even the lowest dose of 6.3 × 10−4 ppb in our susceptible reference colony of Ae. aegypti Liverpool. In our field strain of Ae. aegypti (F5 colonized from South Texas) we observed 79.8% IE at 6.3 × 10−4 ppb, 17.7% IE at 1.25 × 10−3 ppb, 98.7% IE at 1.25 × 10−2 ppb, and 100% emergence inhibition for the remainder of the doses. Given that commercial pyriproxyfen products are labeled for doses ranging to 50 ppb, we conclude that the field population sampled by this study are susceptible to this insect growth regulator.
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Hamaidia K, Soltani N. Methoxyfenozide, a Molting Hormone Agonist, Affects Autogeny Capacity, Oviposition, Fecundity, and Fertility in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1004-1011. [PMID: 33247298 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of methoxyfenozide (RH-2485), an insect growth disrupter (IGD) belonging to molting hormone agonist class, against female adults of Culex pipiens L. under laboratory conditions. Lethal concentrations (LC50 = 24.54 µg/liter and LC90 = 70.79 µg/liter), previously determined against fourth instar larvae, were tested for adult female fertility, fecundity and oviposition after tarsal contact before mating and any bloodmeal. Methoxyfenozide was found to alter negatively their autogeny capacity and oviposition. A strong reduction of 56% and 72% (P < 0.001) in females' autogeny capacity was observed in both treated series, respectively. Alteration in oviposition were found to be higher with LC90 (OAI-LC90 = -0.62) than with the LC50 (OAI-LC50 = -0.42). Also fecundity and hatching rate (fertility) were significantly reduced in treated series as compared to controls. A significant reduction of 37.65 and 28.23% in fecundity and decrease of 56.85 and 71.87% in fertility were found, respectively in LC50 and LC90 treated series. Obtained data clearly demonstrated that methoxyfenozide have significant depressive effect on reproductive potential against medically important vector with minimizing ecotoxicological risks in mosquitoes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouther Hamaidia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University Badji Mokhtar of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Soltani
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, University Badji Mokhtar of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria
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Baleba SBS, Agbessenou A, Getahun MN, Akutse KS, Subramanian S, Masiga D. Infection of the Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, L. 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) by the Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Negatively Affects Its Survival, Feeding Propensity, Fecundity, Fertility, and Fitness Parameters. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:637817. [PMID: 37744116 PMCID: PMC10512350 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.637817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi can cause substantial mortality in harmful insects. Before killing the insect, these pathogens start by negatively affecting the biological parameters of the host. Prior to our study, the information about how fungal exposure affects the biological parameters of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans was still elusive. Therefore, we aimed to assess the infection of S. calcitrans with some Metarhizium anisopliae strains, and their impact on feeding, fecundity, fertility and other life-history traits of this fly. Among the 11 M. anisopliae strains screened, we identified ICIPE 30 as the most virulent strain against S. calcitrans. We observed that the infectivity of this strain was sex and age-dependent. Infected male S. calcitrans died earlier than their counterpart females. Older infected S. calcitrans died faster than infected young ones. Also, male and female S. calcitrans successfully transmitted ICIPE 30 conidia to their mates. We demonstrated that infection by ICIPE 30 extended the feeding time of S. calcitrans and consequently reduced the feeding probability of the fly and the amount of blood taken. Using a dual test oviposition bioassay, we determined that uninfected gravid female S. calcitrans avoided laying eggs on substrates amended with ICIPE 30 conidia. We showed that these conidia could lower the hatchability of the eggs deposited by gravid females. Using, a no-choice test, we showed that gravid female S. calcitrans infected with ICIPE 30 laid fewer eggs than uninfected females and those eggs hatched less. Using 11 strains of M. anisopliae and four high concentrations of ICIPE 30 conidia, we verified that S. calcitrans larvae were not susceptible to fungal infection. Further, we showed that though these larvae were tolerant to fungal infection, there was a significant effect on their fitness, with contaminated larvae having a small bodyweight coupled with longer developmental time as compared to uncontaminated larvae. Our study provides detailed information on how fungal infection affects the biology of S. calcitrans and the potential of using M. anisopliae ICIPE 30 as a biopesticide to reduce the fly population. Such knowledge can assist in developing fungal-based control strategies against this harmful fly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Masiga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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Parthasarathy R, Palli SR. Stage-specific action of juvenile hormone analogs. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2021; 46:16-22. [PMID: 33746542 PMCID: PMC7953018 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d20-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of juvenile hormones (JH) and their synthetic analogs (JHA) generated excitement and hope that these compounds will replace first- and second-generation insecticides that have not so desirable environmental and human safety profiles. However, JHAs used commercially during the past four decades did not meet these expectations. The recent availability of advanced molecular and histological methods and the discovery of key players involved in JH action provided some insights into the functioning of JHA in a stage and species-specific manner. In this review, we will summarize recent findings and stage-specific action of JHA, focusing on three commercially used JHA, methoprene, hydroprene and pyriproxyfen and economically important pests, the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens, and disease vector, the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaseshadri Parthasarathy
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Lexington, KY, USA
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Garcia KKS, Versiani HS, Araújo TO, Conceição JPA, Obara MT, Ramalho WM, Minuzzi-Souza TTC, Gomes GD, Vianna EN, Timbó RV, Barbosa VGC, Rezende MSP, Martins LPF, Macedo GO, Carvalho BL, Moreira IM, Bartasson LA, Nitz N, Luz SLB, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Abad-Franch F. Measuring mosquito control: adult-mosquito catches vs egg-trap data as endpoints of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of mosquito-disseminated pyriproxyfen. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:352. [PMID: 32665032 PMCID: PMC7362459 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are the main urban vectors of arthropod-borne viruses causing human disease, including dengue, Zika, or West Nile. Although key to disease prevention, urban-mosquito control has met only limited success. Alternative vector-control tactics are therefore being developed and tested, often using entomological endpoints to measure impact. Here, we test one promising alternative and assess how three such endpoints perform at measuring its effects. METHODS We conducted a 16-month, two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial (CRCT) of mosquito-disseminated pyriproxyfen (MD-PPF) in central-western Brazil. We used three entomological endpoints: adult-mosquito density as directly measured by active aspiration of adult mosquitoes, and egg-trap-based indices of female Aedes presence (proportion of positive egg-traps) and possibly abundance (number of eggs per egg-trap). Using generalized linear mixed models, we estimated MD-PPF effects on these endpoints while accounting for the non-independence of repeated observations and for intervention-unrelated sources of spatial-temporal variation. RESULTS On average, MD-PPF reduced adult-mosquito density by 66.3% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 47.3-78.4%); Cx. quinquefasciatus density fell by 55.5% (95% CI: 21.1-74.8%), and Ae. aegypti density by 60.0% (95% CI: 28.7-77.5%). In contrast, MD-PPF had no measurable effect on either Aedes egg counts or egg-trap positivity, both of which decreased somewhat in the intervention cluster but also in the control cluster. Egg-trap data, therefore, failed to reflect the 60.0% mean reduction of adult Aedes density associated with MD-PPF deployment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the widely used egg-trap-based monitoring may poorly measure the impact of Aedes control; even if more costly, direct monitoring of the adult mosquito population is likely to provide a much more realistic and informative picture of intervention effects. In our CRCT, MD-PPF reduced adult-mosquito density by 66.3% in a medium-sized, spatially non-isolated, tropical urban neighborhood. Broader-scale trials will be necessary to measure MD-PPF impact on arboviral-disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klauss K. S. Garcia
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Hanid S. Versiani
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Taís O. Araújo
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - João P. A. Conceição
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Marcos T. Obara
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Walter M. Ramalho
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Thaís T. C. Minuzzi-Souza
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Gustavo D. Gomes
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Elisa N. Vianna
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Renata V. Timbó
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Vinicios G. C. Barbosa
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Maridalva S. P. Rezende
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Luciana P. F. Martins
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Glauco O. Macedo
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Bruno L. Carvalho
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Israel M. Moreira
- Diretoria de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Subsecretaria de Vigilância à Saúde, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Lorrainy A. Bartasson
- Diretoria de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Subsecretaria de Vigilância à Saúde, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Nadjar Nitz
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L. B. Luz
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane–Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Fernando Abad-Franch
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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Unlu I, Rochlin I, Suman DS, Wang Y, Chandel K, Gaugler R. Large-Scale Operational Pyriproxyfen Autodissemination Deployment to Suppress the Immature Asian Tiger Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1120-1130. [PMID: 32006427 PMCID: PMC7448106 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective suppression of container-inhabiting Asian Tiger [Aedes albopictus (Skuse)] (Diptera: Culicidae) and yellow fever [Aedes aegypti (L.)] (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes presents one of the most intractable problems for modern mosquito control. Traditional tools often fail to control populations of these mosquito species, and are prohibitively expensive or have negative environmental impacts. Novel approaches and tools are urgently needed for integrated container-inhabiting mosquito management programs. One of the most promising techniques is autodissemination. We present the results of a long-term large-scale study conducted in a temperate urbanized environment representing typical Ae. albopictus habitats. Three treatment sites with autodissemination stations and three nearby reference sites were monitored for eggs, immature, and adult mosquitoes over a period of 3 yr from 2014 to 2016. Elevated larval and pupal mortality of 12-19% on average was the most notable outcome in sentinel cups of the treatment sites. The number of eggs in the treatment sites was significantly reduced in 2014, but not in 2015 or 2016. Adult populations remained similar in treatment and reference sites throughout the study. The impact of autodissemination on mosquito populations was lower than reported by previous investigations. Technical and logistical problems associated with wider coverage and working in multiple urban neighborhoods contributed to reduced efficacy. Incorporating autodissemination with routine mosquito control operations and commercializing this methodology for general public use will require further research on combining this tool with other novel or conventional technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Ilia Rochlin
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Devi S Suman
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Kshitij Chandel
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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Hustedt JC, Boyce R, Bradley J, Hii J, Alexander N. Use of pyriproxyfen in control of Aedes mosquitoes: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008205. [PMID: 32530915 PMCID: PMC7314096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most rapidly spreading arboviral disease in the world. The current lack of fully protective vaccines and clinical therapeutics creates an urgent need to identify more effective means of controlling Aedes mosquitos, principally Aedes aegypti, as the main vector of dengue. Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is an increasingly used hormone analogue that prevents juvenile Aedes mosquitoes from becoming adults and being incapable of transmitting dengue. The objectives of the review were to (1) Determine the effect of PPF on endpoints including percentage inhibition of emergence to adulthood, larval mortality, and resistance ratios; and (2) Determine the different uses, strengths, and limitations of PPF in control of Aedes. A systematic search was applied to Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, Global Health, and the Cochrane database of Systematic Reviews. Out of 1,369 records, 90 studies met the inclusion criteria. Nearly all fit in one of the following four categories 1) Efficacy of granules, 2) Auto-dissemination/horizontal transfer, 3) use of ultra-low volume thermal fogging (ULV), thermal fogging (TF), or fumigant technologies, and 4) assessing mosquito resistance. PPF granules had consistently efficacious results of 90-100% inhibition of emergence for up to 90 days. The evidence is less robust but promising regarding PPF dust for auto-dissemination and the use of PPF in ULV, TF and fumigants. Several studies also found that while mosquito populations were still susceptible to PPF, the lethal concentrations increased among temephos-resistant mosquitoes compared to reference strains. The evidence is strong that PPF does increase immature mortality and adult inhibition in settings represented in the included studies, however future research should focus on areas where there is less evidence (e.g. auto-dissemination, sprays) and new use cases for PPF. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms of cross-resistance between PPF, temephos, and other insecticides will allow control programs to make better informed decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Christian Hustedt
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Epidemiology Department, Malaria Consortium, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Boyce
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John Bradley
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- Epidemiology Department, Malaria Consortium, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neal Alexander
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Wang Y, Suman DS, Chandel K, Williams GM, Unlu I, Gaugler R. Heterodissemination: precision targeting container Aedes mosquitoes with a cohabiting midge species carrying insect growth regulator. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2105-2112. [PMID: 31951068 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti is challenging in large part due to the cryptic nature of their larval habitats. Autodissemination, using conspecific species to transfer pesticide, is unable to provide proactive control. Here we report results from a new hypothesis, heterodissemination, wherein females of the cohabiting non-biting midge, Chironomus decorus, reared in the laboratory, treated with pyriproxyfen, and released to transfer lethal concentrations to shared mosquito larval habitats. RESULTS Pyriproxyfen-impregnated oil and powder formulations were developed. The average payload for each female midge treated with oil followed by powder formulations was 5.07 ± 0.92 μg of active ingredient or 1660 times the median lethal concentration (LC50 ) for Ae. albopictus or Ae. aegypti in 200 mL of water. Subsequent residue analysis showed pyriproxyfen transference from chironomids, treated with oil formulation only, into water-holding containers up to 2.06 ppb or 171.7 times the LC50 . Releasing 20 laboratory reared and contaminated Chironomus decorus into a small room resulted in 80.42 ± 0.67% and 75.67 ± 3.14% Ae. albopictus pupal mortality in open and cryptic sentinel ovicups, respectively. Container water volumes ranging up to 4 L did not affect efficacy. In a large field cage, 90.3 ± 2.5% Ae. albopictus mortality was resulted from releasing 100 treated female midges. Releasing 400 contaminated midges into a residential backyard resulted in 74.3% pupal mortality in sentinel ovicups. CONCLUSIONS Room, large field cage and field release trials demonstrated that adult midges reared and treated in the laboratory transfer highly lethal concentrations of pyriproxyfen to Ae. albopictus container habitats. Heterodissemination provides a potential approach for precision, proactive mosquito control, which may draw attention for further studies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Devi S Suman
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Diptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India
| | - Kshitij Chandel
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Central Forensic Science Laboratory, Kolkata, India
| | - Gregory M Williams
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Hudson Regional Health Commission, Secaucus, NJ, USA
| | - Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Dixson A, Jackson RN, Rowe RD, Nease R, Fryxell RTT. Aedes albopictus oviposits with other Aedes species in artificial oviposition cups: a case study in Knox County, Tennessee, U.S.A. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2020; 45:2-15. [PMID: 32492282 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific associations between two mosquito species can lead to effects such as competition, species displacement, and species stability. To better understand Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and other Aedes species, we monitored eggs in artificial oviposition cups (ovitraps) within Knox County, TN, U.S.A., during the 2016 and 2017 mosquito seasons. In 2016, one black and one white ovitrap were placed at 18 sites for 21 weeks, while in 2017 black and white ovitraps baited with grass-infused or deionized water were placed at 11 sites for nine weeks. Eggs were identified to species and resulting counts were used to determine the degree of interspecific association using Cole's coefficients (C7 ) and the degree of heterogeneity across space and time using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). Here, Aedes mosquitoes are generally ovipositing in black cups with grass-infused water, and Ae. albopictus eggs co-occurred with other Aedes species more often than would be expected. Finding a positive significant interspecific association between Ae. albopictus and other Aedes eggs suggests that methods used to control Ae. albopictus may also control other Aedes mosquitoes. Finding that Ae. albopictus co-occurs with other Aedes mosquitoes warrants additional research to evaluate outcomes associated with co-occurrence within the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dixson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, U.S.A
| | - R N Jackson
- Knox County Health Department, Knoxville, TN, 37917, U.S.A
| | - R D Rowe
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, U.S.A
| | - R Nease
- Knox County Health Department, Knoxville, TN, 37917, U.S.A
| | - R T Trout Fryxell
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, U.S.A
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Devillers J. Fate and ecotoxicological effects of pyriproxyfen in aquatic ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16052-16068. [PMID: 32180143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator acting as larvicide against a large spectrum of public health insect pests, especially dipterans. It is also widely used in agriculture and horticulture for the control of many insect species. Disrupting the endocrine system by mimicking the activity of the juvenile hormone, pyriproxyfen interferes with metamorphosis in insects and prevents them from reaching maturity and reproducing. Because the aquatic ecosystems can be directly or indirectly contaminated by pyriproxyfen, the goal of this study was to establish the aquatic ecotoxicological profile of pyriproxyfen and to identify the gaps that need to be filled. Pyriproxyfen is photodegraded quickly in water. In the absence of organic matter, its persistence in aerobic water media is also limited especially with high temperature and sunlight. Analysis of the laboratory and in situ results for more than 60 aquatic algae, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates shows that the toxicity of pyriproxyfen is highly variable including within a same taxonomical group. Abiotic and biotic factors can highly influence the toxicity of the molecule. Pyriproxyfen disrupts the development of numerous species and adversely impacts various physiological events. It can also disturb the behavior of the organisms such as their predatory and swimming performances. Although some experimental studies focus on the environmental fate of pyriproxyfen metabolites, those dealing with their aquatic ecotoxicity assessment are scarce. In the same way, the limited number of studies dealing with the search of pyriproxyfen residues in lake, river, and other natural aquatic media does not include the identification of the metabolites.
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Chen YA, Lai YT, Wu KC, Yen TY, Chen CY, Tsai KH. Using UPLC-MS/MS to Evaluate the Dissemination of Pyriproxyfen by Aedes Mosquitoes to Combat Cryptic Larval Habitats after Source Reduction in Kaohsiung in Southern Taiwan. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11040251. [PMID: 32316283 PMCID: PMC7240724 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The policy regarding mosquito control strategies in Taiwan is based on integrated vector management (IVM). The major approach is source reduction via collaboration by both residents and governments. However, small and cryptic habitats of dengue vectors are hard to find and eliminate in urban communities. Therefore, this study evaluated a complementary approach that targeted cryptic habitats by utilizing mosquitoes themselves as vehicles to transfer an insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen (PPF), to their breeding sites; the amount of PPF in breeding water was determined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). A bioassay conducted by introducing ten late-instar larvae into PPF solution was performed to assess emergence inhibition (EI). PPF was found at 0.56 ± 0.04 ng in 25 mL of water by dissemination via ten Aedes aegypti mosquitoes exposed to 0.01% PPF, leading to 100% EI. After the community-level source reduction, a field trial in Kaohsiung in Southern Taiwan showed that 30.8–31.5% of cryptic ovitraps reached EI ≥ 50% one month after spraying 0.01% PPF in microhabitats favored by mosquitoes. IVM in parallel with residual spraying of PPF on resting surfaces of mosquitoes could serve as a simple and complementary approach to reduce cryptic larval sources in urban communities in Southern Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-An Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Y.-A.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Yi-Ting Lai
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Chih Wu
- National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, No. 211, Zhongzheng 4th Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung City 801, Taiwan;
| | - Tsai-Ying Yen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Y.-A.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chia-Yang Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Y.-A.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Y.-A.C.); (T.-Y.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17, Xuzhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Entomology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Insect Building: No. 27, Ln. 113, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-33668103
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Tran A, Mangeas M, Demarchi M, Roux E, Degenne P, Haramboure M, Le Goff G, Damiens D, Gouagna LC, Herbreteau V, Dehecq JS. Complementarity of empirical and process-based approaches to modelling mosquito population dynamics with Aedes albopictus as an example-Application to the development of an operational mapping tool of vector populations. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227407. [PMID: 31951601 PMCID: PMC6968851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of major pathogens worldwide. Modelling their population dynamics and mapping their distribution can contribute effectively to disease surveillance and control systems. Two main approaches are classically used to understand and predict mosquito abundance in space and time, namely empirical (or statistical) and process-based models. In this work, we used both approaches to model the population dynamics in Reunion Island of the 'Tiger mosquito', Aedes albopictus, a vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses, using rainfall and temperature data. We aimed to i) evaluate and compare the two types of models, and ii) develop an operational tool that could be used by public health authorities and vector control services. Our results showed that Ae. albopictus dynamics in Reunion Island are driven by both rainfall and temperature with a non-linear relationship. The predictions of the two approaches were consistent with the observed abundances of Ae. albopictus aquatic stages. An operational tool with a user-friendly interface was developed, allowing the creation of maps of Ae. albopictus densities over the whole territory using meteorological data collected from a network of weather stations. It is now routinely used by the services in charge of vector control in Reunion Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Tran
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- TETIS, Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Pascal Degenne
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- TETIS, Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Haramboure
- CIRAD, UMR TETIS, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- TETIS, Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
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19
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Optimizing spatial positioning of traps in the context of integrated pest management. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Mbare O, Lindsay SW, Fillinger U. Testing a pyriproxyfen auto-dissemination station attractive to gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto for the development of a novel attract-release -and-kill strategy for malaria vector control. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:800. [PMID: 31510931 PMCID: PMC6740013 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larviciding is an effective supplementary tool for malaria vector control, but the identification and accessibility of aquatic habitats impedes application. Dissemination of the insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen (PPF), by gravid Anopheles might constitute a novel application strategy. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using an attractive bait-station to contaminate gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto with PPF and subsequently transfer PPF to larval habitats. METHODS A bait-station was developed comprising of an artificial pond containing water treated with 20 ppm cedrol, an oviposition attractant, and a netting-cover treated with PPF. Three identical semi-field cages were used to assess the potential of gravid Anopheles to transfer PPF from the bait-station to ponds. Gravid females were released in two semi-field cages, one with PPF on its bait-station (test) and one without PPF (control). No mosquitoes were released in the third cage with a PPF-treated station (control). Transfer of PPF to open ponds was assessed by monitoring emergence of late instar insectary-reared larvae introduced into the ponds. The amount of PPF carried by a mosquito and transferred to water was quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS In the controls, 86% (95% CI 81-89%) of larvae introduced into open ponds developed into adults, indicating that wind did not distribute PPF in absence of mosquitoes. Emergence inhibition was observed in the test cage but was dependent on the distance between pond and bait-station. Only 25% (95% CI 22-29%) of larvae emerged as adults from ponds 4 m from the bait-station, but 92% (95% CI 89-94%) emerged from ponds 10 m away. Each mosquito was contaminated on average with 112 μg (95% CI 93-123 μg) PPF resulting in the transfer of 230 ng/L (95% CI 180-290 ng/L) PPF to 100 ml volumes of water. CONCLUSIONS The bait-stations successfully attracted gravid females which were subsequently dusted with effective levels of PPF. However, in this study design, attraction and dissemination was limited to short distances. To make this approach feasible for malaria vector control, stronger attractants that lure gravid females from longer distances, in landscapes with many water bodies, and better PPF delivery systems are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Mbare
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Human Health Theme, Nairobi, Kenya
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Ulrike Fillinger
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Human Health Theme, Nairobi, Kenya
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21
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Odero JO, Fillinger U, Rippon EJ, Masiga DK, Weetman D. Using sibship reconstructions to understand the relationship between larval habitat productivity and oviposition behaviour in Kenyan Anopheles arabiensis. Malar J 2019; 18:286. [PMID: 31443645 PMCID: PMC6708163 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strategies for combatting residual malaria by targeting vectors outdoors are gaining importance as the limitations of primary indoor interventions are reached. Strategies to target ovipositing females or her offspring are broadly applicable because all mosquitoes require aquatic habitats for immature development irrespective of their biting or resting preferences. Oviposition site selection by gravid females is frequently studied by counting early instar larvae in habitats; an approach which is valid only if the number of larvae correlates with the number of females laying eggs. This hypothesis was tested against the alternative, that a higher abundance of larvae results from improved survival of a similar or fewer number of families. Methods In a controlled experiment, 20 outdoor artificial ponds were left uncovered for 4 days to allow oviposition by wild mosquitoes, then covered with netting and first and second instar larvae sampled daily. Natural Anopheles habitats of two different types were also identified, and all visible larvae sampled. All larvae were identified to species, and most samples of the predominant species, Anopheles arabiensis, were genotyped using microsatellites for sibling group reconstructions using two contrasting softwares, BAPS and COLONY. Results In the ponds, the number of families reconstructed by each software significantly predicted larval abundance (BAPS R2 = 0.318, p = 0.01; COLONY R2 = 0.476, p = 0.001), and suggested that around 50% of females spread larvae across multiple ponds (skip oviposition). From natural habitats, the mean family size again predicted larval abundance using BAPS (R2 = 0.829, p = 0.017) though not using COLONY (R2 = 0.218, p = 0.68), but both softwares once more suggested high rates of skip oviposition (in excess of 50%). Conclusion This study shows that, whether in closely-located artificial habitats or natural breeding sites, higher early instar larval densities result from more females laying eggs in these sites. These results provide empirical support for use of early instar larval abundance as an index for oviposition site preference. Furthermore, the sharing of habitats by multiple females and the high skip-oviposition rate in An. arabiensis suggest that larviciding by auto-dissemination of insecticide may be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel O Odero
- Human Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya. .,Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Ulrike Fillinger
- Human Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emily J Rippon
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel K Masiga
- Human Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Weetman
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Pleydell DRJ, Bouyer J. Biopesticides improve efficiency of the sterile insect technique for controlling mosquito-driven dengue epidemics. Commun Biol 2019; 2:201. [PMID: 31149645 PMCID: PMC6541632 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various mosquito control methods use factory raised males to suppress vector densities. But the efficiency of these methods is currently insufficient to prevent epidemics of arbovirus diseases such as dengue, chikungunya or Zika. Suggestions that the sterile insect technique (SIT) could be "boosted" by applying biopesticides to sterile males remain unquantified. Here, we assess mathematically the gains to SIT for Aedes control of either: boosting with the pupicide pyriproxifen (BSIT); or, contaminating mosquitoes at auto-dissemination stations. Thresholds in sterile male release rate and competitiveness are identified, above which mosquitoes are eliminated asymptotically. Boosting reduces these thresholds and aids population destabilisation, even at sub-threshold release rates. No equivalent bifurcation exists in the auto-dissemination sub-model. Analysis suggests that BSIT can reduce by over 95% the total release required to circumvent dengue epidemics compared to SIT. We conclude, BSIT provides a powerful new tool for the integrated management of mosquito borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. J. Pleydell
- CIRAD, INRA, University of Montpellier, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- INRA, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit Bourg Guadeloupe, France
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- CIRAD, INRA, University of Montpellier, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
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Unlu I, Faraji A, Williams GM, Marcombe S, Fonseca DM, Gaugler R. Truck-mounted area-wide applications of larvicides and adulticides for extended suppression of adult Aedes albopictus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1115-1122. [PMID: 30280488 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the lack of vaccines for most vector-borne diseases, vector control is often the primary option for disease control. Aedes albopictus are difficult to control because the immatures primarily develop in containers ubiquitous in residential properties. Conventional adulticide campaigns often result in brief, rebounding population declines, so incorporating new techniques into an integrated pest management program is imperative. We performed combined area-wide applications of the larvicides Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and pyriproxyfen with the adulticide sumithrin and prallethrin to achieve extended suppression of Ae. albopictus populations in Trenton, NJ, USA. We deployed bioassay cups to assess the spatial penetration and efficacy of the applications. RESULTS Inhibition of adult emergence was significantly higher in the treatment bioassay cups than in laboratory controls (z = 4.65, P < 0.0001) and field control bioassay cups (z = 8.93, P < 0.0001). We observed a lower trend in adult numbers following season-long combined application of pyriproxyfen and adulticide, with numbers of adult Ae. albopictus at the treatment site up to five times lower than at the control site. CONCLUSION Pyriproxyfen is a powerful mosquito larvicide and pupacide with low mammalian toxicity that shows promise for area-wide vehicle-mounted (either ground or airborne) applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Mercer County Mosquito Control, West Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Ary Faraji
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Salt Lake City Mosquito Abatement District, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Gregory M Williams
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Hudson Regional Health Commission, Secaucus, NJ, USA
| | - Sebastien Marcombe
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Dina M Fonseca
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Khemrattrakool P, Yanola J, Lumjuan N, Somboon P. Pyriproxyfen-Treated Polypropylene Sheets and Resting Boxes for Controlling Mosquitoes in Livestock Operations. INSECTS 2019; 10:E55. [PMID: 30781681 PMCID: PMC6410238 DOI: 10.3390/insects10020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Many insect vector species of medical and veterinary importance are found abundantly in areas where animals are held. In these areas, they often rest for a period of time on objects around the animals both before and after blood feeding. However, the use of neurotoxic insecticides for vector control is not advised for use in such shelters as these chemicals can pose hazards to animals. The present study evaluated the efficacy of pyriproxyfen (PPF), an insect growth regulator, applied to polypropylene sheets and resting boxes on the reproductivity of mosquitoes found in animal shelters in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The sheets sprayed with 666 mg PPF/m² were set on the inner wall of a cowshed and kept in place for 3 h (6.00 to 9.00 pm). During this time, fully blood-fed female mosquitoes that landed and remained continuously on the sheets for 5, 10, and 20 min were collected. The results, involving Anopheles subpictus, An. vagus, Culex gelidus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx. vishnui, revealed significant reductions in oviposition rates, egg hatchability, pupation, and adult emergence in the PPF-treated groups compared to the control groups. Adult emergence rates were reduced to 85.6⁻94.9% and 95.5⁻100% in those exposed for 10 and 20 min, respectively. The sheets retained their effectiveness for three months. The PPF-treated (666 mg/m²) resting boxes (35 × 35 × 55 cm) were placed overnight at a chicken farm where Cx. quinquefasciatus predominated. Blood-fed mosquitoes were collected in the morning and reared in the laboratory. Oviposition rates were reduced by 71.7% and adult emergence was reduced by 97.8% compared to the controls. PPF residual spray on surface materials in animal sheds is a potential method for controlling mosquitoes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of PPF-treated materials on wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarapon Khemrattrakool
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
- Graduate PhD's Degree Program in Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Jintana Yanola
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nongkran Lumjuan
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Pradya Somboon
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Evaluation of enhanced oviposition attractant formulations against Aedes and Culex vector mosquitoes in urban and semi-urban areas. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:743-750. [PMID: 30719534 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Surveillance is not only an important tool to assess the population dynamics of vector mosquitoes, but it can also be used to control vector-borne diseases. Mosquito vectors that belong to several genera such as Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex play a crucial role in the transmission of malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and elephantiasis diseases worldwide. We tested the efficacy of two commercial-grade oviposition attractant formulations that were developed for the container-inhabiting Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes present in urban or semi-urban environments. These attractants can lure gravid females. Field trials were conducted in residential yards during a post-rainy season in September and October. Our data showed considerable efficacy for both attractants. Aedes-attractant collected 1.6-fold more larvae (101.2 ± 10.5 larvae/trap) than the control, and Culex-attractant collected 1.27-fold more larvae (151.2 ± 12.5 larvae/trap) than the control, resulting in 0.8 and 0.7 oviposition attraction indices (OAIs), respectively. Regression analysis indicated that the Aedes-attractant was more stable than the Culex-attractant. Location and time did not alter the efficacy of these attractants. Our experiment suggests that these attractants can be used for the development of species-specific gravid traps to detect, estimate, and control the mosquito population in urban and semi-urban areas.
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Lau KW, Chen CD, Lee HL, Low VL, Sofian-Azirun M. Bioefficacy of Insect Growth Regulators Against Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidea) From Sarawak, Malaysia: A Statewide Survey. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:1388-1394. [PMID: 29617840 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility status of Aedes albopictus (Skuse; Diptera: Culicidea) larvae collected from 13 districts in Sarawak state, Malaysia was evaluated against five insect growth regulators (IGRs) namely, methoprene, pyriproxyfen, diflubenzuron, cyromazine, and novaluron. Field populations of Ae. albopictus were susceptible to methoprene, pyriproxyfen, cyromazine and novaluron with resistance ratios (RRs) ranging from 0.19-0.38, 0.05-0.14, 0.50-0.95, and 0.75-1.00, respectively. Nevertheless, tolerance towards diflubenzuron (0.33-1.33) was observed in this study. In general, these IGRs exhibited promising results and can be used as alternative control agents against field populations of Ae. albopictus in Sarawak, Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koon Weng Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee Dhang Chen
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Han Lim Lee
- Medical Entomology Unit, WHO Collaborating Center for Vectors, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Van Lun Low
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sofian-Azirun
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Swale DR, Li Z, Kraft JZ, Healy K, Liu M, David CM, Liu Z, Foil LD. Development of an autodissemination strategy for the deployment of novel control agents targeting the common malaria mosquito, Anopheles quadrimaculatus say (Diptera: Culicidae). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006259. [PMID: 29641515 PMCID: PMC5894962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reduced efficacy of current Anopheline mosquito control methods underscores the need to develop new methods of control that exploit unique target sites and/or utilizes novel deployment methods. Autodissemination methodologies using insect growth regulators (IGRs) is growing in interest and has been shown to be effective at controlling Aedes mosquitoes in semi-field and field environments, yet little information exists for Anopheline mosquitoes. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that female-driven autodissemination of an IGR combined with a new mechanism of action insecticide (Kir channel inhibitor) could be employed to reduce Anopheline populations. Methodology We studied the ability of three IGRs to be transferred to the larval habitat during oviposition in laboratory and semi-field environments. Adult mosquitoes were exposed to the chemicals for 4 hours immediately after blood feeding and efficacy was tested using classical methodologies, including adult emergence inhibition and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A complete autodissemination design was tested in a semi-field environment. Principal findings Larval survivability and adult emergence were significantly reduced in habitats that were visited by novaluron treated adults, but no statistical differences were observed with pyriproxyfen or triflumuron. These data suggested novaluron, but not pyriproxyfen or triflumuron, was horizontally transferred from the adult mosquito to the larval habitat during oviposition. HPLC studies supported the toxicity data and showed that novaluron was present in the majority of larval habitats, suggesting that novaluron can be horizontally transferred by Anopheles quadrimaculatus. Importantly, the combination of novaluron and the Kir channel inhibitor, VU041, was capable of reducing adult and larval populations in semi-field environments. Conclusions Novaluron can be transferred to the adult at a greater efficacy and/or is not degraded as quickly during the gonotropic cycle when compared to pyriproxyfen or triflumuron. Pending field confirmation, autodissemination approaches with novaluron may be a suitable tool to manage Anopheles populations. Efforts to control the mosquito vector of malaria, Anopheles gambiae, have been dominated by the use of insecticide-treated bednets or residual spraying efforts for the previous 2–3 decades. The persistent use of these methods has led to a decline in control efficacy and has highlighted the need to 1) identify novel molecular targets and 2) novel translational deployment methods to control mosquito vectors. To address this, we employed biological and chemical methods to test the hypothesis that insect growth regulators (IGR) are capable of being transferred to an oviposition site at lethal concentrations when Anopheles adults are exposed immediately after blood feeding. Subsequently, we tested the hypothesis that K+ channel modulators and an IGR used in combination will reduce the mosquito population in a semi-field environment through adult toxicity and IGR transfer. The data presented in this study provides a proof-of-concept that autodissemination methods using specific IGRs and K+ channel modulators are potentially capable of reducing the burden of malaria through a method that is novel, cost efficient, long lasting, and requires minimal human intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Swale
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhilin Li
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Jake Z. Kraft
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Kristen Healy
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Mei Liu
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Connie M. David
- Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
| | - Lane D. Foil
- Louisiana State University AgCenter, Department of Entomology, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America
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Suman DS, Wang Y, Faraji A, Williams GM, Williges E, Gaugler R. Seasonal field efficacy of pyriproxyfen autodissemination stations against container-inhabiting mosquito Aedes albopictus under different habitat conditions. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:885-895. [PMID: 29087613 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of the container-inhabiting mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is difficult using conventional methods due to its selection of cryptic peri-domestic habitats. We evaluated whether autodissemination stations can deliver sufficient pyriproxyfen to sentinel containers to produce significant pupal mortality in different habitats such as competing oviposition sites, peri-domestic habitats, junkyards and tire piles. We also tested how far the pesticide could be transferred over a 200-m range. RESULTS Autodissemination stations performed effectively for 8-12 weeks under field conditions. Pupal mortality was reduced in sentinel cups with high-competing oviposition habitats (5 versus 20) in isolated plots; however, similar results were not seen in residential areas. Increasing the number of stations per plot (from 1 to 4) enhanced the efficacy. Peri-domestic habitat trials showed the highest pupal mortality (50.4%) and site contamination with pyriproxyfen (82.2%) among the trials. Autodissemination stations were able to contaminate habitats in a junkyard (50.0%) and tire piles (40.2%). Pyriproxyfen was detected in sentinel cups up to 200 m from stations. Detection of pyriproxyfen by residue analysis (0.005-0.741 µg L-1 ) in field samples confirmed the transfer of the insect growth regulator. CONCLUSION Autodissemination stations have shown promising potential as a novel pest management tool against container mosquitoes in field trials in different habitats confronted by mosquito control personnel. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ary Faraji
- Mercer County Mosquito Control, West Trenton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Eric Williges
- Essex County Division of Environmental Affairs, Cedar Grove, NJ, USA
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Unlu I, Williams GM, Rochlin I, Suman D, Wang Y, Chandel K, Gaugler R. Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Pyriproxyfen Barrier Treatments for Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Management in Urbanized Areas of New Jersey. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:472-476. [PMID: 29244157 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito control programs in the United States are still searching for best management practices to control the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse; Diptera: Culicidae). Most intervention methods for this species are either labor intensive (e.g., source reduction) or short-term (e.g., ultra-low-volume adulticiding). We investigated the effectiveness of barrier spray pesticide applications within urban and suburban residential yards in New Jersey as a control strategy using a before-after-control-impact (BACI) approach. Applications of Demand CSR pyrethroid (9.7% AI lambda-cyhalothrin) only or combined Demand CSR and Archer IGR insect growth regulator (1.3% AI pyriproxyfen) applications resulted in significant and similar decreases in adult mosquito abundance post-treatment ranging from 78 to 74% respectively, compared with the untreated control. Both insecticides exceeded the 70% reduction threshold considered as effective for Ae. albopictus control for 2 to 4 wk. However, applications of Archer IGR alone did not reduce adult mosquito abundance. The field study results were supported by laboratory no-choice bioassays using treated leaf foliage. Our study is the first data driven evidence of the residual efficacy of barrier pesticide applications in New Jersey with lambda-cyhalothrin that provided significant reductions in adult Ae. albopictus populations for an extended duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isik Unlu
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University
- Highway Department, Mercer County Mosquito Control West Trenton
| | - Gregory M Williams
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University
- Health Department, Hudson Regional Health Commission Secaucus
| | | | - Devi Suman
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University
- Ministry of Environment, Forest, Climate Change, New Aliopre, India
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University
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Singh RK, Dhama K, Khandia R, Munjal A, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Chakraborty S, Malik YS, Bueno-Marí R. Prevention and Control Strategies to Counter Zika Virus, a Special Focus on Intervention Approaches against Vector Mosquitoes-Current Updates. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:87. [PMID: 29472902 PMCID: PMC5809424 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is the most recent intruder that acquired the status of global threat creating panic and frightening situation to public owing to its rapid spread, attaining higher virulence and causing complex clinical manifestations including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Alike other flaviviruses, the principal mode of ZIKV transmission is by mosquitoes. Advances in research have provided reliable diagnostics for detecting ZIKV infection, while several drug/therapeutic targets and vaccine candidates have been identified recently. Despite these progresses, currently there is neither any effective drug nor any vaccine available against ZIKV. Under such circumstances and to tackle the problem at large, control measures of which mosquito population control need to be strengthened following appropriate mechanical, chemical, biological and genetic control measures. Apart from this, several other known modes of ZIKV transmission which have gained importance in recent past such as intrauterine, sexual intercourse, and blood-borne spread need to be checked and kept under control by adopting appropriate precautions and utmost care during sexual intercourse, blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The virus inactivation by pasteurization, detergents, chemicals, and filtration can effectively reduce viral load in plasma-derived medicinal products. Added to this, strengthening of the surveillance and monitoring of ZIKV as well as avoiding travel to Zika infected areas would aid in keeping viral infection under check. Here, we discuss the salient advances in the prevention and control strategies to combat ZIKV with a focus on highlighting various intervention approaches against the vector mosquitoes of this viral pathogen along with presenting an overview regarding human intervention measures to counter other modes of ZIKV transmission and spread. Additionally, owing to the success of vaccines for a number of infections globally, a separate section dealing with advances in ZIKV vaccines and transmission blocking vaccines has also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India
| | - Yashpal S Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Laboratorios Lokímica, Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), Valencia, Spain
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31
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Mosquito-Borne Diseases: Prevention Is the Cure for Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika Viruses. PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH MONOGRAPHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94075-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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