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Bousquets-Muñoz P, Molina O, Varela I, Álvarez-Eguiluz Á, Fernández-Mateos J, Gómez A, Sánchez EG, Balbín M, Ruano D, Ramírez-Orellana M, Puente XS, Menéndez P, Velasco-Hernandez T. Backtracking NOM1::ETV6 fusion to neonatal pathogenesis of t(7;12) (q36;p13) infant AML. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02293-9. [PMID: 38806630 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bousquets-Muñoz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Molina
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas (TERAV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Varela
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria-CSIC, Santander, Spain
| | - Ángel Álvarez-Eguiluz
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Mateos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena G Sánchez
- Unidad de Terapias Avanzadas, Laboratorio de Oncohematología, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Balbín
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - David Ruano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramírez-Orellana
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xose S Puente
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas (TERAV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Talia Velasco-Hernandez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas (TERAV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Sajiki D, Yoshida N, Muramatsu H, Sakaguchi K, Maeda N, Yokoyama N, Miyajima Y, Tanaka M, Takahashi Y, Hama A. Clinical features of immature leukemias in children. Int J Hematol 2024:10.1007/s12185-024-03771-7. [PMID: 38687412 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL), mixed phenotypic acute leukemia (MPAL), and acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation (AML-M0) all originate from immature hematopoietic progenitor cells and have a poor prognosis. We investigated the clinical characteristics of these immature leukemias in 17 children (ETP-ALL: 8, MPAL: 5, AML-M0: 4) at seven institutions. Clinical and laboratory findings were comparable across disease types. Eleven and six patients received ALL- and AML-oriented induction chemotherapy, with six and four achieving complete remission (CR), respectively. Five additional patients achieved CR after salvage with the other type of chemotherapy. Eight patients received hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in first CR, and six survived without relapse. However, six of seven patients who did not receive HCT during first CR relapsed; all underwent HCT later, and only three survived. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rate were 37% and 69%, respectively. Patients who achieved CR after induction chemotherapy and received HCT in first CR had favorable EFS and OS. Notably, all patients who received HCT in first CR survived 5 years after diagnosis. Appropriate induction chemotherapy and HCT in first CR could improve the outcome of immature leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Sajiki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nao Yoshida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-Cho, Nakamura-Ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Hideki Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimiyoshi Sakaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoko Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norifumi Yokoyama
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo, Japan
| | - Makito Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asahito Hama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-Cho, Nakamura-Ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan.
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3
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Waraky A, Östlund A, Nilsson T, Weichenhan D, Lutsik P, Bähr M, Hey J, Tunali G, Adamsson J, Jacobsson S, Morsy MHA, Li S, Fogelstrand L, Plass C, Palmqvist L. Aberrant MNX1 expression associated with t(7;12)(q36;p13) pediatric acute myeloid leukemia induces the disease through altering histone methylation. Haematologica 2024; 109:725-739. [PMID: 37317878 PMCID: PMC10905087 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children have inferior outcome, such as AML with translocation t(7;12)(q36;p13) leading to an MNX1::ETV6 fusion along with high expression of MNX1. We have identified the transforming event in this AML and possible ways of treatment. Retroviral expression of MNX1 was able to induce AML in mice, with similar gene expression and pathway enrichment to t(7;12) AML patient data. Importantly, this leukemia was only induced in immune incompetent mice using fetal but not adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The restriction in transforming capacity to cells from fetal liver is in alignment with t(7;12)(q36;p13) AML being mostly seen in infants. Expression of MNX1 led to increased histone 3 lysine 4 mono-, di- and trimethylation, reduction in H3K27me3, accompanied with changes in genome-wide chromatin accessibility and genome expression, likely mediated through MNX1 interaction with the methionine cycle and methyltransferases. MNX1 expression increased DNA damage, depletion of the Lin-/Sca1+/c-Kit+ population and skewing toward the myeloid lineage. These effects, together with leukemia development, were prevented by pre-treatment with the S-adenosylmethionine analog Sinefungin. In conclusion, we have shown the importance of MNX1 in development of AML with t(7;12), supporting a rationale for targeting MNX1 and downstream pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Waraky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, and; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Anders Östlund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Tina Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Dieter Weichenhan
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Pavlo Lutsik
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Marion Bähr
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Joschka Hey
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Gürcan Tunali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Jenni Adamsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Susanna Jacobsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | | | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Linda Fogelstrand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, and; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, and; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg.
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4
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Umeda M, Ma J, Westover T, Ni Y, Song G, Maciaszek JL, Rusch M, Rahbarinia D, Foy S, Huang BJ, Walsh MP, Kumar P, Liu Y, Yang W, Fan Y, Wu G, Baker SD, Ma X, Wang L, Alonzo TA, Rubnitz JE, Pounds S, Klco JM. A new genomic framework to categorize pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Genet 2024; 56:281-293. [PMID: 38212634 PMCID: PMC10864188 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies on pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) have revealed pediatric-specific driver alterations, many of which are underrepresented in the current classification schemas. To comprehensively define the genomic landscape of pAML, we systematically categorized 887 pAML into 23 mutually distinct molecular categories, including new major entities such as UBTF or BCL11B, covering 91.4% of the cohort. These molecular categories were associated with unique expression profiles and mutational patterns. For instance, molecular categories characterized by specific HOXA or HOXB expression signatures showed distinct mutation patterns of RAS pathway genes, FLT3 or WT1, suggesting shared biological mechanisms. We show that molecular categories were strongly associated with clinical outcomes using two independent cohorts, leading to the establishment of a new prognostic framework for pAML based on these updated molecular categories and minimal residual disease. Together, this comprehensive diagnostic and prognostic framework forms the basis for future classification of pAML and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Umeda
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tamara Westover
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yonghui Ni
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Guangchun Song
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jamie L Maciaszek
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Rusch
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Delaram Rahbarinia
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Scott Foy
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin J Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Walsh
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Kumar
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sharyn D Baker
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Todd A Alonzo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jeffery M Klco
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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5
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Bidet A, Quessada J, Cuccuini W, Decamp M, Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Luquet I, Lefebvre C, Tueur G. Cytogenetics in the management of acute myeloid leukemia and histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms: Guidelines from the Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH). Curr Res Transl Med 2023; 71:103421. [PMID: 38016419 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2023.103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetic data are becoming increasingly essential in the management of hematological neoplasms as shown by two classifications published in 2022: the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumours and the International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias. Genetic data are particularly important for acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) because their boundaries with myelodysplastic neoplasms seem to be gradually blurring. The first objective of this review is to present the latest updates on the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in AMLs while highlighting the pitfalls and difficulties that can be encountered in the event of cryptic or difficult-to-detect karyotype abnormalities. The second objective is to enhance the role of cytogenetics among all the new technologies available in 2023 for the diagnosis and management of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bidet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bordeaux, Avenue Magellan, Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600, France.
| | - Julie Quessada
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Hématologique, Hôpital des enfants de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille 13005, France; CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Wendy Cuccuini
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Marina Lafage-Pochitaloff
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Hématologique, Hôpital des enfants de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Isabelle Luquet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Toulouse, Site IUCT-O, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Lefebvre
- Unité de Génétique des Hémopathies, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Giulia Tueur
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny, France
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6
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Ragusa D, Dijkhuis L, Pina C, Tosi S. Mechanisms associated with t(7;12) acute myeloid leukaemia: from genetics to potential treatment targets. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20220489. [PMID: 36622782 PMCID: PMC9894016 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), typically a disease of elderly adults, affects 8 children per million each year, with the highest paediatric incidence in infants aged 0-2 of 18 per million. Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities contribute to leukaemia pathogenesis and are an important determinant of leukaemia classification. The t(7;12)(q36;p13) translocation is a high-risk AML subtype exclusively associated with infants and represents the second most common abnormality in this age group. Mechanisms of t(7;12) leukaemogenesis remain poorly understood. The translocation relocates the entire MNX1 gene within the ETV6 locus, but a fusion transcript is present in only half of the patients and its significance is unclear. Instead, research has focused on ectopic MNX1 expression, a defining feature of t(7;12) leukaemia, which has nevertheless failed to produce transformation in conventional disease models. Recently, advances in genome editing technologies have made it possible to recreate the t(7;12) rearrangement at the chromosomal level. Together with recent studies of MNX1 involvement using murine in vivo, in vitro, and organoid-based leukaemia models, specific investigation on the biology of t(7;12) can provide new insights into this AML subtype. In this review, we provide a comprehensive up-to-date analysis of the biological features of t(7;12), and discuss recent advances in mechanistic understanding of the disease which may deliver much-needed therapeutic opportunities to a leukaemia of notoriously poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Ragusa
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, U.K
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, UB8 3PH, U.K
| | - Liza Dijkhuis
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, U.K
| | - Cristina Pina
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, U.K
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, UB8 3PH, U.K
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, U.K
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, UB8 3PH, U.K
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7
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Ragusa D, Tosi S, Sisu C. Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies MNX1 and Associated Antisense Transcripts as Biomarkers for Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223577. [PMID: 36429006 PMCID: PMC9688723 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is a major objective in improving clinical outcomes in cancer, which has been facilitated by the availability of high-throughput gene expression data. A growing interest in non-coding genomic regions has identified dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in several malignancies, suggesting a potential use as biomarkers. In this study, we leveraged data from large-scale sequencing projects to uncover the expression patterns of the MNX1 gene and its associated lncRNAs MNX1-AS1 and MNX1-AS2 in solid tumours. Despite many reports describing MNX1 overexpression in several cancers, limited studies exist on MNX1-AS1 and MNX1-AS2 and their potential as biomarkers. By employing clustering methods to visualise multi-gene relationships, we identified a discriminative power of the three genes in distinguishing tumour vs. normal samples in several cancers of the gastrointestinal tract and reproductive systems, as well as in discerning oesophageal and testicular cancer histological subtypes. Notably, the expressions of MNX1 and its antisenses also correlated with clinical features and endpoints, uncovering previously unreported associations. This work highlights the advantages of using combinatory expression patterns of non-coding transcripts of differentially expressed genes as clinical evaluators and identifies MNX1, MNX1-AS1, and MNX1-AS2 expressions as robust candidate biomarkers for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Ragusa
- Leukaemia and Chromosome Research Laboratory, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Leukaemia and Chromosome Research Laboratory, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Cristina Sisu
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (CenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Correspondence:
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8
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[Chinese expert consensus of the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (not APL) (2022)]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:802-809. [PMID: 36709193 PMCID: PMC9669633 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Engineered model of t(7;12)(q36;p13) AML recapitulates patient-specific features and gene expression profiles. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:50. [PMID: 36057683 PMCID: PMC9440899 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia carrying the translocation t(7;12)(q36;p13) is an adverse-risk leukaemia uniquely observed in infants. Despite constituting up to 30% of cases in under 2-year-olds, it remains poorly understood. Known molecular features are ectopic overexpression of the MNX1 gene and generation of a fusion transcript in 50% of patients. Lack of research models has hindered understanding of t(7;12) biology, which has historically focused on MNX1 overexpression rather than the cytogenetic entity itself. Here, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to generate t(7;12) in the human K562 cell line, and in healthy CD34+ haematopoietic progenitors where the translocation was not sustained in long-term cultures or through serial replating. In contrast, in K562 cells, t(7;12) was propagated in self-renewing clonogenic assays, with sustained myeloid bias in colony formation and baseline depletion of erythroid signatures. Nuclear localisation analysis revealed repositioning of the translocated MNX1 locus to the interior of t(7;12)-harbouring K562 nuclei — a known phenomenon in t(7;12) patients which associates with ectopic overexpression of MNX1. Crucially, the K562-t(7;12) model successfully recapitulated the transcriptional landscape of t(7;12) patient leukaemia. In summary, we engineered a clinically-relevant model of t(7;12) acute myeloid leukaemia with the potential to unravel targetable molecular mechanisms of disease.
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10
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Nilsson T, Waraky A, Östlund A, Li S, Staffas A, Asp J, Fogelstrand L, Abrahamsson J, Palmqvist L. An induced pluripotent stem cell t(7;12)(q36;p13) acute myeloid leukemia model shows high expression of MNX1 and a block in differentiation of the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:770-782. [PMID: 35583991 PMCID: PMC9545334 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results from aberrant hematopoietic processes and these changes are frequently initiated by chromosomal translocations. One particular subtype, AML with translocation t(7;12)(q36;p13), is found in children diagnosed before 2 years of age. The mechanisms for leukemogenesis induced by t(7;12) is not understood, in part because of the lack of efficient methods to reconstruct the leukemia‐associated genetic aberration with correct genomic architecture and regulatory elements. We therefore created induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines that carry the translocation t(7;12) using CRISPR/Cas9. These t(7;12) iPSC showed propensity to differentiate into all three germ layers, confirming retained stem cell properties. The potential for differentiation into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) was shown by expression of CD34, CD43 and CD45. Compared with the parental iPSC line, a significant decrease in cells expressing CD235a and CD41a was seen in the t(7;12) iPSC‐derived HSPC (iHSPC), suggesting a block in differentiation. Moreover, colony formation assay showed an accumulation of cells at the erythroid and myeloid progenitor stages. Gene expression analysis revealed significant down‐regulation of genes associated with megakaryocyte differentiation and up‐regulation of genes associated with myeloid pathways but also genes typically seen in AML cases with t(7;12). Thus, this iPSC t(7;12) leukemia model of the t(7;12) AML subtype constitutes a valuable tool for further studies of the mechanisms for leukemia development and to find new treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Ahmed Waraky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Anders Östlund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
| | - Anna Staffas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Asp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelstrand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg
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11
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Umeda M, Ma J, Huang BJ, Hagiwara K, Westover T, Abdelhamed S, Barajas JM, Thomas ME, Walsh MP, Song G, Tian L, Liu Y, Chen X, Kolekar P, Tran Q, Foy SG, Maciaszek JL, Kleist AB, Leonti AR, Ju B, Easton J, Wu H, Valentine V, Valentine MB, Liu YC, Ries RE, Smith JL, Parganas E, Iacobucci I, Hiltenbrand R, Miller J, Myers JR, Rampersaud E, Rahbarinia D, Rusch M, Wu G, Inaba H, Wang YC, Alonzo TA, Downing JR, Mullighan CG, Pounds S, Babu MM, Zhang J, Rubnitz JE, Meshinchi S, Ma X, Klco JM. Integrated Genomic Analysis Identifies UBTF Tandem Duplications as a Recurrent Lesion in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:194-207. [PMID: 35176137 PMCID: PMC9780084 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetics of relapsed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has yet to be comprehensively defined. Here, we present the spectrum of genomic alterations in 136 relapsed pediatric AMLs. We identified recurrent exon 13 tandem duplications (TD) in upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF) in 9% of relapsed AML cases. UBTF-TD AMLs commonly have normal karyotype or trisomy 8 with cooccurring WT1 mutations or FLT3-ITD but not other known oncogenic fusions. These UBTF-TD events are stable during disease progression and are present in the founding clone. In addition, we observed that UBTF-TD AMLs account for approximately 4% of all de novo pediatric AMLs, are less common in adults, and are associated with poor outcomes and MRD positivity. Expression of UBTF-TD in primary hematopoietic cells is sufficient to enhance serial clonogenic activity and to drive a similar transcriptional program to UBTF-TD AMLs. Collectively, these clinical, genomic, and functional data establish UBTF-TD as a new recurrent mutation in AML. SIGNIFICANCE We defined the spectrum of mutations in relapsed pediatric AML and identified UBTF-TDs as a new recurrent genetic alteration. These duplications are more common in children and define a group of AMLs with intermediate-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, FLT3-ITD and WT1 alterations, and are associated with poor outcomes. See related commentary by Hasserjian and Nardi, p. 173. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 171.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Umeda
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Benjamin J. Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Kohei Hagiwara
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tamara Westover
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sherif Abdelhamed
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Juan M. Barajas
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Melvin E. Thomas
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael P. Walsh
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Guangchun Song
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Liqing Tian
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Pandurang Kolekar
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Quang Tran
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Scott G. Foy
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jamie L. Maciaszek
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Andrew B. Kleist
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Amanda R. Leonti
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bengsheng Ju
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Huiyun Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Yen-Chun Liu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Rhonda E. Ries
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jenny L. Smith
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Evan Parganas
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ryan Hiltenbrand
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jason R. Myers
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Evadnie Rampersaud
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Delaram Rahbarinia
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Rusch
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Gang Wu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Todd A. Alonzo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - James R. Downing
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Charles G. Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - M. Madan Babu
- Department of Structural Biology and the Center for Data Driven Discovery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jeffrey E. Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jeffery M. Klco
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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12
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Lejman M, Dziatkiewicz I, Jurek M. Straight to the Point-The Novel Strategies to Cure Pediatric AML. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041968. [PMID: 35216084 PMCID: PMC8878466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the outcome has improved over the past decades, due to improved supportive care, a better understanding of risk factors, and intensified chemotherapy, pediatric acute myeloid leukemia remains a life-threatening disease, and overall survival (OS) remains near 70%. According to French-American-British (FAB) classification, AML is divided into eight subtypes (M0–M7), and each is characterized by a different pathogenesis and response to treatment. However, the curability of AML is due to the intensification of standard chemotherapy, more precise risk classification, improvements in supportive care, and the use of minimal residual disease to monitor response to therapy. The treatment of childhood AML continues to be based primarily on intensive, conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, it is essential to identify new, more precise molecules that are targeted to the specific abnormalities of each leukemia subtype. Here, we review abnormalities that are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of AML in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lejman
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, II Faculty of Pediatrics, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Izabela Dziatkiewicz
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, II Faculty of Pediatrics, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (M.J.)
| | - Mateusz Jurek
- Student Scientific Society, Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, II Faculty of Pediatrics, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (M.J.)
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13
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Bridger JM, Pereira RT, Pina C, Tosi S, Lewis A. Alterations to Genome Organisation in Stem Cells, Their Differentiation and Associated Diseases. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:71-102. [PMID: 36348105 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The organisation of the genome in its home, the cell nucleus, is reliant on a number of different aspects to establish, maintain and alter its functional non-random positioning. The genome is dispersed throughout a cell nucleus in specific chromosome territories which are further divided into topologically associated domains (TADs), where regions of the genome from different and the same chromosomes come together. This organisation is both controlled by DNA and chromatin epigenetic modification and the association of the genome with nuclear structures such as the nuclear lamina, the nucleolus and nuclear bodies and speckles. Indeed, sequences that are associated with the first two structures mentioned are termed lamina-associated domains (LADs) and nucleolar-associated domains (NADs), respectively. The modifications and nuclear structures that regulate genome function are altered through a cell's life from stem cell to differentiated cell through to reversible quiescence and irreversible senescence, and hence impacting on genome organisation, altering it to silence specific genes and permit others to be expressed in a controlled way in different cell types and cell cycle statuses. The structures and enzymes and thus the organisation of the genome can also be deleteriously affected, leading to disease and/or premature ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Bridger
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
| | - Rita Torres Pereira
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Cristina Pina
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Annabelle Lewis
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance (cenGEM), College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
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14
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Fornerod M, Ma J, Noort S, Liu Y, Walsh MP, Shi L, Nance S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Song G, Lamprecht T, Easton J, Mulder HL, Yergeau D, Myers J, Kamens JL, Obeng EA, Pigazzi M, Jarosova M, Kelaidi C, Polychronopoulou S, Lamba JK, Baker SD, Rubnitz JE, Reinhardt D, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Locatelli F, Hasle H, Klco JM, Downing JR, Zhang J, Pounds S, Zwaan CM, Gruber TA. Integrative Genomic Analysis of Pediatric Myeloid-Related Acute Leukemias Identifies Novel Subtypes and Prognostic Indicators. Blood Cancer Discov 2021; 2:586-599. [PMID: 34778799 PMCID: PMC8580615 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating somatic mutation analysis and gene expression profiling distinguishes pediatric AML subtypes with differential prognoses and clinical risks. Genomic characterization of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has led to the discovery of somatic mutations with prognostic implications. Although gene-expression profiling can differentiate subsets of pediatric AML, its clinical utility in risk stratification remains limited. Here, we evaluate gene expression, pathogenic somatic mutations, and outcome in a cohort of 435 pediatric patients with a spectrum of pediatric myeloid-related acute leukemias for biological subtype discovery. This analysis revealed 63 patients with varying immunophenotypes that span a T-lineage and myeloid continuum designated as acute myeloid/T-lymphoblastic leukemia (AMTL). Within AMTL, two patient subgroups distinguished by FLT3-ITD and PRC2 mutations have different outcomes, demonstrating the impact of mutational composition on survival. Across the cohort, variability in outcomes of patients within isomutational subsets is influenced by transcriptional identity and the presence of a stem cell–like gene-expression signature. Integration of gene expression and somatic mutations leads to improved risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Fornerod
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Sanne Noort
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yu Liu
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael P Walsh
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Stephanie Nance
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Guangchun Song
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tamara Lamprecht
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Heather L Mulder
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Donald Yergeau
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jacquelyn Myers
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer L Kamens
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Esther A Obeng
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Martina Pigazzi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Hematology Oncology Clinic and Lab, University of Padova, IRP, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie Jarosova
- Department of Internal Medicine Hematology and Oncology Center of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, Masaryk University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Charikleia Kelaidi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Polychronopoulou
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Jatinder K Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sharyn D Baker
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey E Rubnitz
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Dirk Reinhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Henrik Hasle
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeffery M Klco
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - James R Downing
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - C Michel Zwaan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja A Gruber
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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15
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Abstract
The genetic basis for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is highly heterogeneous, often involving the cooperative action of characteristic chromosomal rearrangements and somatic mutations in progrowth and antidifferentiation pathways that drive oncogenesis. Although some driver mutations are shared with adult AML, many genetic lesions are unique to pediatric patients, and their appropriate identification is essential for patient care. The increased understanding of these malignancies through broad genomic studies has begun to risk-stratify patients based on their combinations of genomic alterations, a trend that will enable precision medicine in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Krock
- Caris Life Sciences, 4610 South 44th Place, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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16
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Quessada J, Cuccuini W, Saultier P, Loosveld M, Harrison CJ, Lafage-Pochitaloff M. Cytogenetics of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Review of the Current Knowledge. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060924. [PMID: 34204358 PMCID: PMC8233729 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia is a rare and heterogeneous disease in relation to morphology, immunophenotyping, germline and somatic cytogenetic and genetic abnormalities. Over recent decades, outcomes have greatly improved, although survival rates remain around 70% and the relapse rate is high, at around 30%. Cytogenetics is an important factor for diagnosis and indication of prognosis. The main cytogenetic abnormalities are referenced in the current WHO classification of acute myeloid leukemia, where there is an indication for risk-adapted therapy. The aim of this article is to provide an updated review of cytogenetics in pediatric AML, describing well-known WHO entities, as well as new subgroups and germline mutations with therapeutic implications. We describe the main chromosomal abnormalities, their frequency according to age and AML subtypes, and their prognostic relevance within current therapeutic protocols. We focus on de novo AML and on cytogenetic diagnosis, including the practical difficulties encountered, based on the most recent hematological and cytogenetic recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Quessada
- Hematological Cytogenetics Laboratory, Timone Children’s Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, 13009 Marseille, France;
| | - Wendy Cuccuini
- Hematological Cytogenetics Laboratory, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75010 Paris, France;
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH), 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Paul Saultier
- APHM, La Timone Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marie Loosveld
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, 13009 Marseille, France;
- Hematology Laboratory, Timone Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Christine J. Harrison
- Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Marina Lafage-Pochitaloff
- Hematological Cytogenetics Laboratory, Timone Children’s Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH), 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-91-38-76-41
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17
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Iacobucci I, Mullighan C. Prognostic mutation constellations in acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:101-109. [PMID: 33427759 PMCID: PMC8174569 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the past decade, numerous studies analysing the genome and transcriptome of large cohorts of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients have substantially improved our knowledge of the genetic landscape of these diseases with the identification of heterogeneous constellations of germline and somatic mutations with prognostic and therapeutic relevance. However, inclusion of integrated genetic data into classification schema is still far from a reality. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent insights into the prevalence, pathogenic role, clonal architecture, prognostic impact and therapeutic management of genetic alterations across the spectrum of myeloid malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent multiomic-studies, including analysis of genetic alterations at the single-cell resolution, have revealed a high heterogeneity of lesions in over 200 recurrently mutated genes affecting disease initiation, clonal evolution and clinical outcome. Artificial intelligence and specifically machine learning approaches have been applied to large cohorts of AML and MDS patients to define in an unbiased manner clinically meaningful disease patterns including, disease classification, prognostication and therapeutic vulnerability, paving the way for future use in clinical practice. SUMMARY Integration of genomic, transcriptomic, epigenomic and clinical data coupled to conventional and machine learning approaches will allow refined leukaemia classification and risk prognostication and will identify novel therapeutic targets for these still high-risk leukaemia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis (USA)
| | - Charles Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis (USA)
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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18
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clinically, morphologically, and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Like many malignancies, the genomic landscape of pediatric AML has been mapped recently through sequencing of large cohorts of patients. Much has been learned about the biology of AML through studies of specific recurrent genetic lesions. Further, genetic lesions have been linked to specific clinical features, response to therapy, and outcome, leading to improvements in risk stratification. Lastly, targeted therapeutic approaches have been developed for the treatment of specific genetic lesions, some of which are already having a positive impact on outcomes. While the advances made based on the discoveries of sequencing studies are significant, much work is left. The biologic, clinical, and prognostic impact of a number of genetic lesions, including several seemingly unique to pediatric patients, remains undefined. While targeted approaches are being explored, for most, the efficacy and tolerability when incorporated into standard therapy is yet to be determined. Furthermore, the challenge of how to study small subpopulations with rare genetic lesions in an already rare disease will have to be considered. In all, while questions and challenges remain, precisely defining the genomic landscape of AML, holds great promise for ultimately leading to improved outcomes for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Conneely
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Avenue, Feigin Tower, Suite 1025, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rachel E Rau
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Avenue, Feigin Tower, Suite 1025, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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19
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Masetti R, Bertuccio SN, Guidi V, Cerasi S, Lonetti A, Pession A. Uncommon cytogenetic abnormalities identifying high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in children. Future Oncol 2020; 16:2747-2762. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents an aggressive disease and is the leading cause of childhood leukemic mortality. The genomic landscape of pediatric AML has been recently mapped and redefined thanks to large-scale sequencing efforts. Today, understanding how to incorporate the growing list of genetic lesions into a risk stratification algorithm for pediatric AML is increasingly challenging given the uncertainty regarding the prognostic impact of rare lesions. Here we review some uncommon cytogenetic lesions to be considered for inclusion in the high-risk groups of the next pediatric AML treatment protocols. We describe their main clinical characteristics, biological background and outcome. We also provide some suggestions for the management of these rare but challenging patients and some novel targeted therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Masetti
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salvatore Nicola Bertuccio
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vanessa Guidi
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Cerasi
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Giorgio Prodi Interdepartmental Cancer Research Centre, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences DIMEC, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- Giorgio Prodi Interdepartmental Cancer Research Centre, University of Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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20
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Hara Y, Shiba N, Yamato G, Ohki K, Tabuchi K, Sotomatsu M, Tomizawa D, Kinoshita A, Arakawa H, Saito AM, Kiyokawa N, Tawa A, Horibe K, Taga T, Adachi S, Taki T, Hayashi Y. Patients aged less than 3 years with acute myeloid leukaemia characterize a molecularly and clinically distinct subgroup. Br J Haematol 2019; 188:528-539. [PMID: 31612466 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although infants (age <1 year) with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) have unique characteristics and are vulnerable to chemotherapy, children aged 1-2 years with AML may have characteristics similar to that of infants. Thus, we analysed 723 paediatric AML patients treated on the Japanese AML99 and AML-05 trials to identify characteristics of younger children. We identified patients aged <3 years (the younger group) as a distinct subgroup. KMT2A-rearrangement (KMT2A-R), CBFA2T3-GLIS2, CBFB-MYH11 and NUP98-KDM5A were frequently found in the younger group. Prognostic analyses revealed poor 5-year overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS) and cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) in patients with CBFA2T3-GLIS2 (42%, 17% and 83%, respectively) and those with NUP98-KDM5A (33%, 17% and 83%, respectively). Additionally, we identified KMT2A-R and CBFB-MYH11 as age-specific prognostic markers. Regarding KMT2A-R, the younger group had significantly better OS, EFS and CIR than the older group (aged 3 to <18 years) (P = 0·023, 0·011 and <0·001, respectively). Conversely, concerning CBFB-MYH11, the younger group had significantly poor EFS and CIR than the older group (each P < 0·001), suggesting that certain molecular markers are linked to different prognoses according to age. Therefore, we characterized patients <3 years as a distinct subgroup of paediatric AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hara
- Department of Paediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan.,Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Shiba
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan.,Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Paediatrics, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Genki Yamato
- Department of Paediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan.,Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ohki
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan.,Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Tabuchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Centre Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Sotomatsu
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tomizawa
- Division of Leukaemia and Lymphoma, Children's Cancer Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Kinoshita
- Department of Paediatrics, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Arakawa
- Department of Paediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akiko M Saito
- Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kiyokawa
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Tawa
- Department of Paediatrics, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Taga
- Department of Paediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Souichi Adachi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kyorin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Hayashi
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Centre, Shibukawa, Japan.,Clinical Research Centre, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Centre, Nagoya, Japan.,Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Japan
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21
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Federico C, Owoka T, Ragusa D, Sturiale V, Caponnetto D, Leotta CG, Bruno F, Foster HA, Rigamonti S, Giudici G, Cazzaniga G, Bridger JM, Sisu C, Saccone S, Tosi S. Deletions of Chromosome 7q Affect Nuclear Organization and HLXB9Gene Expression in Hematological Disorders. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040585. [PMID: 31027247 PMCID: PMC6521283 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The radial spatial positioning of individual gene loci within interphase nuclei has been associated with up- and downregulation of their expression. In cancer, the genome organization may become disturbed due to chromosomal abnormalities, such as translocations or deletions, resulting in the repositioning of genes and alteration of gene expression with oncogenic consequences. In this study, we analyzed the nuclear repositioning of HLXB9 (also called MNX1), mapping at 7q36.3, in patients with hematological disorders carrying interstitial deletions of 7q of various extents, with a distal breakpoint in 7q36. We observed that HLXB9 remains at the nuclear periphery, or is repositioned towards the nuclear interior, depending upon the compositional properties of the chromosomal regions involved in the rearrangement. For instance, a proximal breakpoint leading the guanine-cytosine (GC)-poor band 7q21 near 7q36 would bring HLXB9 to the nuclear periphery, whereas breakpoints that join the GC-rich band 7q22 to 7q36 would bring HLXB9 to the nuclear interior. This nuclear repositioning is associated with transcriptional changes, with HLXB9 in the nuclear interior becoming upregulated. Here we report an in cis rearrangement, involving one single chromosome altering gene behavior. Furthermore, we propose a mechanistic model for chromatin reorganization that affects gene expression via the influences of new chromatin neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Federico
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Temitayo Owoka
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance Network, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Denise Ragusa
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance Network, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Valentina Sturiale
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Domenica Caponnetto
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Claudia Giovanna Leotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Helen A Foster
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
- College of Health and Life Science, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Silvia Rigamonti
- Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP), Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Giudici
- Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP), Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP), Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Joanna M Bridger
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance Network, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Cristina Sisu
- College of Health and Life Science, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania CT, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance Network, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane UB8 3PH, UK.
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22
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Mercher T, Schwaller J. Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): From Genes to Models Toward Targeted Therapeutic Intervention. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:401. [PMID: 31681706 PMCID: PMC6803505 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the genetic lesions driving pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), emerging biological concepts, and strategies for therapeutic intervention. Hereby, we focus on lesions that preferentially or exclusively occur in pediatric patients and molecular markers of aggressive disease with often poor outcome including fusion oncogenes that involve epigenetic regulators like KMT2A, NUP98, or CBFA2T3, respectively. Functional studies were able to demonstrate cooperation with signaling mutations leading to constitutive activation of FLT3 or the RAS signal transduction pathways. We discuss the issues faced to faithfully model pediatric acute leukemia in mice. Emerging experimental evidence suggests that the disease phenotype is dependent on the appropriate expression and activity of the driver fusion oncogenes during a particular window of opportunity during fetal development. We also highlight biochemical studies that deciphered some molecular mechanisms of malignant transformation by KMT2A, NUP98, and CBFA2T3 fusions, which, in some instances, allowed the development of small molecules with potent anti-leukemic activities in preclinical models (e.g., inhibitors of the KMT2A-MENIN interaction). Finally, we discuss other potential therapeutic strategies that not only target driver fusion-controlled signals but also interfere with the transformed cell state either by exploiting the primed apoptosis or vulnerable metabolic states or by increasing tumor cell recognition and elimination by the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mercher
- INSERM U1170, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- Department of Biomedicine, University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Chaudhury S, O'Connor C, Cañete A, Bittencourt-Silvestre J, Sarrou E, Prendergast Á, Choi J, Johnston P, Wells CA, Gibson B, Keeshan K. Age-specific biological and molecular profiling distinguishes paediatric from adult acute myeloid leukaemias. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5280. [PMID: 30538250 PMCID: PMC6290074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) affects children and adults of all ages. AML remains one of the major causes of death in children with cancer and for children with AML relapse is the most common cause of death. Here, by modelling AML in vivo we demonstrate that AML is discriminated by the age of the cell of origin. Young cells give rise to myeloid, lymphoid or mixed phenotype acute leukaemia, whereas adult cells give rise exclusively to AML, with a shorter latency. Unlike adult, young AML cells do not remodel the bone marrow stroma. Transcriptional analysis distinguishes young AML by the upregulation of immune pathways. Analysis of human paediatric AML samples recapitulates a paediatric immune cell interaction gene signature, highlighting two genes, RGS10 and FAM26F as prognostically significant. This work advances our understanding of paediatric AML biology, and provides murine models that offer the potential for developing paediatric specific therapeutic strategies. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) affects people of all ages. Here, the authors model AML in vivo and demonstrate that the age of the cell of origin impacts leukaemia development and the genetic signature where adult cells of origin give rise exclusively to AML and young cells of origin give rise to myeloid, lymphoid or mixed phenotype acute leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzya Chaudhury
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Caitríona O'Connor
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ana Cañete
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Evgenia Sarrou
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Áine Prendergast
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jarny Choi
- Centre for Stem Cell Systems, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pamela Johnston
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christine A Wells
- Centre for Stem Cell Systems, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Karen Keeshan
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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24
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Ingenhag D, Reister S, Auer F, Bhatia S, Wildenhain S, Picard D, Remke M, Hoell JI, Kloetgen A, Sohn D, Jänicke RU, Koegler G, Borkhardt A, Hauer J. The homeobox transcription factor HB9 induces senescence and blocks differentiation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Haematologica 2018; 104:35-46. [PMID: 30093397 PMCID: PMC6312034 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.189407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeobox gene HLXB9 encodes for the transcription factor HB9, which is essential for pancreatic as well as motor neuronal development. Beside its physiological expression pattern, aberrant HB9 expression has been observed in several neoplasias. Especially in infant translocation t(7;12) acute myeloid leukemia, aberrant HB9 expression is the only known molecular hallmark and is assumed to be a key factor in leukemic transformation. However, so far, only poor functional data exist addressing the oncogenic potential of HB9 or its influence on hematopoiesis. We investigated the influence of HB9 on cell proliferation and cell cycle in vitro, as well as on hematopoietic stem cell differentiation in vivo using murine and human model systems. In vitro, HB9 expression led to premature senescence in human HT1080 and murine NIH3T3 cells, providing for the first time evidence for an oncogenic potential of HB9. Onset of senescence was characterized by induction of the p53–p21 tumor suppressor network, resulting in growth arrest, accompanied by morphological transformation and expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase. In vivo, HB9-transduced primary murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells underwent a profound differentiation arrest and accumulated at the megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitor stage. In line, gene expression analyses revealed de novo expression of erythropoiesis-related genes in human CD34+hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells upon HB9 expression. In summary, the novel findings of HB9-dependent premature senescence and myeloid-biased perturbed hematopoietic differentiation, for the first time shed light on the oncogenic properties of HB9 in translocation t(7;12) acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Ingenhag
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Sven Reister
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Franziska Auer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Sarah Wildenhain
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf.,Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Marc Remke
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf.,Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf.,Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig
| | - Dennis Sohn
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Reiner U Jänicke
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiooncology, Clinic and Policlinic for Radiation Therapy and Radiooncology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Gesine Koegler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf
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25
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(7;12)(q36;p13) is associated with infancy and trisomy 19: Data from Nordic Society for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO-AML) and review of the literature. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018; 57:359-365. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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26
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Genomic properties of chromosomal bands are linked to evolutionary rearrangements and new centromere formation in primates. Chromosome Res 2017; 25:261-276. [PMID: 28717965 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-017-9560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements in humans are largely related to pathological conditions, and phenotypic effects are also linked to alterations in the expression profile following nuclear relocation of genes between functionally different compartments, generally occupying the periphery or the inner part of the cell nuclei. On the other hand, during evolution, chromosomal rearrangements may occur apparently without damaging phenotypic effects and are visible in currently phylogenetically related species. To increase our insight into chromosomal reorganisation in the cell nucleus, we analysed 18 chromosomal regions endowed with different genomic properties in cell lines derived from eight primate species covering the entire evolutionary tree. We show that homologous loci, in spite of their evolutionary relocation along the chromosomes, generally remain localised to the same functional compartment of the cell nuclei. We conclude that evolutionarily successful chromosomal rearrangements are those that leave the nuclear position of the regions involved unchanged. On the contrary, in pathological situations, the effect typically observed is on gene structure alteration or gene nuclear reposition. Moreover, our data indicate that new centromere formation could potentially occur everywhere in the chromosomes, but only those emerging in very GC-poor/gene-poor regions, generally located in the nuclear periphery, have a high probability of being retained through evolution. This suggests that, in the cell nucleus of related species, evolutionary chromosomal reshufflings or new centromere formation does not alter the functionality of the regions involved or the interactions between different loci, thus preserving the expression pattern of orthologous genes.
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