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Gulati A, Desai V. Return to Play in the Professional Athlete. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2024; 28:107-118. [PMID: 38484763 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The management of any injury in elite athletes poses unique challenges distinct from the general population because the goal is rapid recovery and return to play (RTP) while simultaneously managing residual symptoms and minimizing risk of reinjury. The time required for treatment, recovery, and return to peak performance can have consequences for both the athlete and his or her team: financial implications, psychological stressors, team dynamics, and future performance. RTP after an injury in the professional athlete requires a complex decision-making process with many stakeholders. Several factors influence this decision, not the least of which is the type and mechanism of injury. This article provides an overview of the RTP process including nonmedical factors that may influence this decision, common injuries seen in professional athletes, injury patterns particular to certain popular sports, and imaging guidelines for such injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Gulati
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vishal Desai
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Friehs MA, Klarkowski M, Frommel J, Phillips C, Mandryk RL. Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1330755. [PMID: 38532852 PMCID: PMC10963441 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1330755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aims to explore community perspectives on enhancer usage in competitive gaming and esports, focusing on the perception of fairness and concerns about various potential performance enhancers. Methods We conducted both qualitative and quantitative surveys to understand the competitive gaming community's opinions on different types of performance enhancers and their potential impact on esports. A thematic analysis was performed to identify key themes in how players rationalize their opinions. Conclusions The gaming community differentiates between potential performance enhancers based on how problematic they are for the esports scene, with the most concern surrounding hard drugs, pharmaceuticals, and brain stimulation interventions. Participants who are more invested in competitive gaming tend to be more sceptical of enhancers and express greater concerns. Four themes were identified in the thematic analysis: (1) risk, (2) morality, (3) enhancer effects, and (4) regulation. To increase acceptance and perceived legitimacy in decision-making, it is recommended that regulators engage a variety of stakeholders in transparent decision-making processes when forming tournament rules and regulations. This will help address the fragmented regulatory landscape and prevent potential differences in the perception of tournament winners based on the governing body supervising the competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian A. Friehs
- Psychology of Conflict Risk and Safety, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madison Klarkowski
- Human-Computer Interaction Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julian Frommel
- Interaction Media Group, Information and Computing Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cody Phillips
- Human-Computer Interaction Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Regan L. Mandryk
- Faculty of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Haraldsdottir K, Sanfilippo J, Anderson S, Steiner Q, McGehee C, Schultz K, Watson A. Mindfulness Practice Is Associated With Improved Well-Being and Reduced Injury Risk in Female NCAA Division I Athletes. Sports Health 2024; 16:295-299. [PMID: 38349667 PMCID: PMC10916770 DOI: 10.1177/19417381241227447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury in sport is an inherent risk to participation, and it can have devastating consequences for the athlete, both mentally and physically. Previous research has found that impairments in well-being can increase the risk of injury, and that various forms of mindfulness training and practice can improve well-being and mental health in various populations. HYPOTHESIS Mindfulness would be associated with greater well-being and lower risk of injury. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS A total of 21 female Division I athletes underwent a formal 6-week mindfulness training program and were encouraged to continue mindfulness exercises. The athletes completed daily surveys on their smartphones in relation to mood, muscle readiness (soreness), readiness to train, energy level, daily training load, and whether they had participated in mindfulness training that day. Linear mixed effects models were used to evaluate well-being variables and mindfulness state, and separate mixed effects logistics regression models were used to evaluate injury incidence and wellness variables. RESULTS On days with mindfulness practice, athletes reported higher mood (19.6 [18.8-20.3] vs 19.4 [18.6-20.1, P = 0.03), muscle readiness (18.9 [17.8-20.0] vs 18.6 [17.5-19.6], P = 0.03), readiness to train (78.7 [75.9-81.5] vs 77.4 [74.7-80.2], P < 0.01), and energy level (19.3 [18.6-20.1] vs 18.8 [18.1-19.5, P < 0.01) than on the days when they did not participate in mindfulness training. Mindfulness practice was associated with significantly reduced likelihood of suffering an acute injury the following day (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.42-0.43; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION On an individual level, participation in mindfulness by female collegiate athletes was associated with a dramatic reduction in injury risk the following day. In addition, mindfulness was associated with significantly improved mood, muscle readiness, readiness to train, and energy level. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest that mindfulness training in athletes may improve well-being and reduce the risk of injury among high-level athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Haraldsdottir
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jennifer Sanfilippo
- Division of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Scott Anderson
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Quinn Steiner
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Chad McGehee
- Division of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Center for Health Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kevin Schultz
- Division of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew Watson
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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Cardoso-Marinho B, Barbosa A, Bolling C, Marques JP, Figueiredo P, Brito J. The perception of injury risk and prevention among football players: A systematic review. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:1018752. [PMID: 36570494 PMCID: PMC9768495 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1018752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Football is associated with a certain risk of injury, leading to short- and long-term health consequences. However, the perception of football players about injury risk and prevention strategies is poorly documented. The present article reviewed the literature about perceptions, beliefs, attitudes and knowledge toward injury risk and prevention strategies in football players. An electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and APA PsychINFO until July 2022. Studies were eligible if they included the perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about injury risk and prevention in football players from any competitive level. The risk of bias was assessed in included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. A total of 14 studies were included. Most football players agreed that their risk of injury is high and prevention strategies are important, however they do not intend to use some of these strategies. The most frequent perceived injury risk factors were low muscle strength, lack of physical fitness, fatigue, excessive training and type and condition of surfaces. The most frequent perceived injury prevention factors were warm-up, workload monitoring and strength and conditioning training. It is essential to acknowledge perceived injury risk factors, as well as a better understanding of how coaching and medical departments' perceptions match with players' perceptions, and a modification in the perceptions of the several stakeholders at different levels of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cardoso-Marinho
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal,Portuguese Institute of Sports and Youth, IPDJ, Sports Medicine Center, Porto, Portugal,Armed Forces Hospital, Porto, Portugal,Correspondence: Beatriz Cardoso-Marinho
| | - Ana Barbosa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal,Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Caroline Bolling
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - José Pedro Marques
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal,Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal,Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Brito
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal
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Chimera NJ, Merasty D, Lininger MR. Injuries and Illnesses Across 10 Years of Canada Games Competitions: 2009 - 2019. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:1372-1382. [PMID: 36518838 PMCID: PMC9718729 DOI: 10.26603/001c.39743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Canada Games are a national level competition held every two years alternating between Summer and Winter Games. Participation in elite level athletics, like the Canada Games, have an inherent risk of injury and illness. Purpose To analyze the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses during Canada Games competitions from 2009-2019 (primarily) and to understand sex differences in odds of musculoskeletal injury for Summer and Winter Canada Games athletes (secondarily). Study Design Descriptive Epidemiology Study. Methods Using a retrospective cohort, data were abstracted from medical incident reports generated during Canada Games from 2009 - 2019. Data were coded for body part injured and injury type or illness system; injuries were also categorized as acute or chronic. Results Across all 10 years of competition, 3160 injuries reported in 8710 male athletes and 3272 injuries reported in 8391 female athletes. Injury incidence was 362.8 and 389.9 and illness incidence was 47.8 and 64.5 per 1000 male and female athletes, respectively. Female athletes had a 1.12 (95% CI: 1.06; 1.19) greater odds of injury and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.20; 1.57) greater odds of illness compared to male athletes. Overall, injury (399.31 vs. 360.31; p < 0.001) and illness (68.67 vs. 47.30; p < 0.001) incidences were higher in Winter Games, compared to Summer Games, per 1000 athletes. When comparing male and female athletes participating in similar sports, sex specific differences exist in odds of both injury and illness. Conclusions Male and female athletes competing in Canada Games competitions demonstrate differences in injury and illness incidence and odds of injury. This suggests a need to examine if additional modifiable risk factors may exist, which could contribute to prevention strategies to reduce injury and illness during Canada Games competition. Level of Evidence 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monica R Lininger
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training Northern Arizona University
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Gastaldo M, Gokeler A, Della Villa F. High quality rehabilitation to optimize return to sport following lateral meniscus surgery in football players. ANNALS OF JOINT 2022; 7:36. [PMID: 38529154 PMCID: PMC10929370 DOI: 10.21037/aoj-21-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
There is a paucity of studies in the literature pertaining about how to guide rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) progression for football players that have sustained a lateral meniscus injury and subsequent surgery. These patients are clinically challenging. If they return to sport too soon, before the rehabilitation process is completed and RTS criteria have been met, functional outcomes could be non-optimal and/or associated with higher reinjury risk. The aims of this paper are (I) to provide a brief overview of the current trends in acute lateral meniscus tears surgery in football players and (II) to suggest a framework for clinicians on how to progress the player following lateral meniscus surgery. Post-operative rehabilitation approaches are different for meniscus repair and for the other surgical techniques. The main goal of all involved practitioners should be to balance the "short term success" with the "long term protection" of the athlete's health. Specific key goals and interventions in early-, mid-, and late-stage rehabilitation are provided. The most important principle is to manage the progressive increase in loading through multiple measurements including frequent medical control consultations and functional tests detailing movement quantity and quality. RTS monitoring needs to be comprehensive and interdisciplinary, incorporating state of the art tests, to achieve recovery of sport-specific fitness, optimal movement quality and on-field rehabilitation progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gastaldo
- Education & Research Department, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Bologna, Italy
- Isokinetic Torino, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy
| | - Alli Gokeler
- OCON Center for Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Clinic, Hengelo, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Della Villa
- Education & Research Department, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Bologna, Italy
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Chen Y, Buggy C, Kelly S. Managing the Wellbeing of Elite Rugby Union Players from an Occupational Safety and Health Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12229. [PMID: 36231531 PMCID: PMC9564469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The intense, physical contact nature of rugby union often encourages the normalization of risk-taking behaviour resulting in a relatively high acceptance of risk. This study aims to explore safety culture in rugby union from an OSH perspective, with the purpose of assisting coaches and management in their decision-making processes to improve players' health, welfare, and long-term well-being. In terms of data collection, this study involved semi-structured interviews with senior support staff (n = 15) in elite rugby union. Interview transcripts underwent inductive analysis prior to an abductive analysis that was guided by an established occupational-safety-and-health (OSH) framework. Rugby union players' safety can be considered from two dimensions: management's commitment to safety (i.e., safety prioritization, safety empowerment, and safety justice), players' involvement in safety (i.e., safety prioritization, and trust in other players' safety competence, and players' safety concern for the opposition players). Within the themes identified, players' attitude towards their opponents' safety which has been rarely considered as a factor for injury prevention is also discussed in this study. If sport support staff (i.e., managers/coaches/medical) can become more involved in players' performance-orientated training using OSH management processes to aid in their decision-making, their exists the capacity to benefit players' safe return to play after injury rehabilitation. Meanwhile, directing the development of appropriate behavioural educational interventions to raise safety-awareness amongst players can improve their long-term health and well-being and provide them with the necessary safety and health information to support their own decision-making processes. As a multidisciplinary design, this study contributes new multidisciplinary insights that have the potential to advance managerial practices utilizing an OSH perspective, including decision-making supporting risk alleviation for safety and long-term health and wellbeing initiatives in competitive team sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Chen
- Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, University College Dublin, A94 XF34 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Buggy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seamus Kelly
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Psychosocial aspects of sports medicine in pediatric athletes: Current concepts in the 21 st century. Dis Mon 2022:101482. [PMID: 36100481 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral aspects of organized sports activity for pediatric athletes are considered in a world consumed with winning at all costs. In the first part of this treatise, we deal with a number of themes faced by our children in their sports play. These concepts include the lure of sports, sports attrition, the mental health of pediatric athletes (i.e., effects of stress, anxiety, depression, suicide in athletes, ADHD and stimulants, coping with injuries, drug use, and eating disorders), violence in sports (i.e., concepts of the abused athlete including sexual abuse), dealing with supervisors (i.e., coaches, parents), peers, the talented athlete, early sports specialization and sports clubs. In the second part of this discussion, we cover ergolytic agents consumed by young athletes in attempts to win at all costs. Sports doping agents covered include anabolic steroids (anabolic-androgenic steroids or AAS), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA), human growth hormone (hGH; also its human recombinant homologue: rhGH), clenbuterol, creatine, gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), amphetamines, caffeine and ephedrine. Also considered are blood doping that includes erythropoietin (EPO) and concepts of gene doping. In the last section of this discussion, we look at disabled pediatric athletes that include such concepts as athletes with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), myelomeningocele, cerebral palsy, wheelchair athletes, and amputee athletes; also covered are pediatric athletes with visual impairment, deafness, and those with intellectual disability including Down syndrome. In addition, concepts of autonomic dysreflexia, boosting and atlantoaxial instability are emphasized. We conclude that clinicians and society should protect our precious pediatric athletes who face many challenges in their involvement with organized sports in a world obsessed with winning. There is much we can do to help our young athletes find benefit from sports play while avoiding or blunting negative consequences of organized sport activities.
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Chen Y, Ingram C, Downey V, Roe M, Drummond A, Sripaiboonkij P, Buckley C, Alvarez E, Perrotta C, Buggy C. Employee Mental Health During COVID-19 Adaptation: Observations of Occupational Safety and Health/Human Resource Professionals in Ireland. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604720. [PMID: 36016962 PMCID: PMC9396539 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to understand mental health issues among Irish employees arising from COVID-19 adaptation from the perspective of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) and/or Human Resource (HR) professionals. Methods: Fifteen focus groups including 60 OSH/HR professionals from various sectors were conducted covering four predetermined themes. The data were transcribed verbatim, with transcripts entered into Nvivo for thematic analysis incorporating intercoder reliability testing. Results: The mental health impacts among employees are identified from three stages: pre-adaptation, during adaptation, and post-adaptation. Most issues were reported during the second stage when working conditions dramatically changed to follow emerging COVID-19 policies. The identified mental health support from participating organizations included providing timely and reliable information, Employee Assistance Programme (EAP), informal communication channels, hybrid work schedules and reinforcement of control measures. Conclusion: This study explores the challenges facing employees during the different stages of COVID-19 adaptation and the associated mental health impacts. Gender’s influence on mental health consultations should be considered when planning for public health emergencies, and further research conducted in male dominated industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Chen
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Yanbing Chen,
| | - Carolyn Ingram
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vicky Downey
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Roe
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne Drummond
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Penpatra Sripaiboonkij
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire Buckley
- Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Alvarez
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carla Perrotta
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Buggy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Sabe M, Chen C, Sentissi O, Deenik J, Vancampfort D, Firth J, Smith L, Stubbs B, Rosenbaum S, Schuch FB, Solmi M. Thirty years of research on physical activity, mental health, and wellbeing: A scientometric analysis of hotspots and trends. Front Public Health 2022; 10:943435. [PMID: 36016904 PMCID: PMC9396383 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.943435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The sheer volume of research publications on physical activity, mental health, and wellbeing is overwhelming. The aim of this study was to perform a broad-ranging scientometric analysis to evaluate key themes and trends over the past decades, informing future lines of research. We searched the Web of Science Core Collection from inception until December 7, 2021, using the appropriate search terms such as "physical activity" or "mental health," with no limitation of language or time. Eligible studies were articles, reviews, editorial material, and proceeding papers. We retrieved 55,353 documents published between 1905 and 2021. The annual scientific production is exponential with a mean annual growth rate of 6.8% since 1989. The 1988-2021 co-cited reference network identified 50 distinct clusters that presented significant modularity and silhouette scores indicating highly credible clusters (Q = 0.848, S = 0.939). This network identified 6 major research trends on physical activity, namely cardiovascular diseases, somatic disorders, cognitive decline/dementia, mental illness, athletes' performance, related health issues, and eating disorders, and the COVID-19 pandemic. A focus on the latest research trends found that greenness/urbanicity (2014), concussion/chronic traumatic encephalopathy (2015), and COVID-19 (2019) were the most active clusters of research. The USA research network was the most central, and the Chinese research network, although important in size, was relatively isolated. Our results strengthen and expand the central role of physical activity in public health, calling for the systematic involvement of physical activity professionals as stakeholders in public health decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Sabe
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thonex, Switzerland
| | - Chaomei Chen
- College of Computing and Informatics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Othman Sentissi
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Thonex, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen Deenik
- Scientific Research Department, GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Greater Manchester Mental Health National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Fleischhacker E, Maßen F, Gassner C, Helfen T. Sportverletzungen backstage – von der Akutversorgung zum exzellenten funktionellen Outcome. Notf Rett Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-022-01061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Paramagnetic contrast medium in high-level athletes with lower limb muscle injuries: can it make the return to sport safer reducing the recurrence rate? Radiol Med 2022; 127:507-517. [PMID: 35286540 PMCID: PMC9098586 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-022-01472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim is to investigate whether contrast medium can improve accuracy in the assessment of healing muscle injury in high-level professional athletes.
Materials and methods Our series is a retrospective study including the records of 22 players (mean age 28 ± 5 SD) with lower limbs muscle injuries type 3a (Mueller-Wohlfarth). All athletes received two MRIs: the day after the injury and before resuming heavy effort activities. Contrast medium uptake was measured in the second MRI by comparing the mean enhancement at the lesion site (ME) with that of the healthy contralateral muscle (HM). The result is a percentage referred to as muscular contrast index (MC index). The difference between the mean MC index value between athletes with and without re-injury was assessed with both the Mann–Whitney and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results Twenty-nine muscle injuries matched the inclusion criteria. The mean MC index values, adjusted for the variable of time elapsed between the last contrast examination and return to the field, were significantly different in the two study groups (p < .001). Conclusion The contrast medium in the follow-up of muscle injuries may be useful in determining the degree of scar stability in a healing injury. Injuries with a high MC index were found to be ‘unstable’, with a higher rate of recurrence than those with a low MC index. Resumption of competitive activity after achieving not only clinical resolution but also a satisfactory MC index value may increase the safety of return to the field and reduce the recurrence rate.
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Ángel Rodríguez M, García-Calleja P, Terrados N, Crespo I, Del Valle M, Olmedillas H. Injury in CrossFit®: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2022; 50:3-10. [PMID: 33322981 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1864675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the characteristics of the injuries among CrossFit® practitioners, including prevalence and incidence, nature, location, and risk factors. METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception through August 2020, and English-language articles reporting on CrossFit®-related injuries were included. Data including sample (sex, age, and demographics) and injuries' characteristics (prevalence, incidence rate, nature, location, percentage of injuries requiring surgery and risk factors) were extracted. RESULTS Overall, twenty-five studies involving a total of 12,079 CrossFit® practitioners met the inclusion criteria. The mean prevalence of injuries among the included studies was 35.3%, with an incidence rate varying between 0.2 and 18.9 per 1000 hours of training. The most injured areas were shoulder (26%), spine (24%), and knee (18%). Among the studies that reported the injuries requiring surgery, the mean percentage was 8.7%. Regarding the risk factors associated with injuries, older age, male sex, a greater body mass index, the existence of previous injuries, the lack of coach supervision, the experience on CrossFit® and the participation in competitions were reported by the studies. CONCLUSIONS CrossFit® training has an injury incidence rate similar to weightlifting and powerlifting. Findings from the studies suggest that the most affected areas are shoulder, spine, and knee. The limited quality of the studies prevents us from drawing solid conclusions about injury risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolás Terrados
- Unidad Regional de Medicina Deportiva, Avilés, Asturias.,Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Irene Crespo
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Miguel Del Valle
- Department of Cellular Morphology and Biology, University de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Hugo Olmedillas
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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14
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Rosenbloom C, Chatterjee R, Chu W, Broman D, Okholm Kryger K. Sport-related concussion return-to-play practices of medical team staff in elite football in the United Kingdom. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2021; 6:317-324. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1983921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig Rosenbloom
- The Football Association, Technical Directorate, Burton-upon-Trent, UK
- Sport and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Robin Chatterjee
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, London, UK
- British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK
| | - Wing Chu
- Vita Health Group, London, UK
- Freedom Clinics, London, UK
| | - Daniel Broman
- The Football Association, Technical Directorate, Burton-upon-Trent, UK
- Isokinetic Medical Group, London, UK
| | - Katrine Okholm Kryger
- Sport and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Health and Applied Science, St Mary’s University, London, UK
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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15
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Latinjak AT, Hatzigeorgiadis A. The Knowledge Map of Sport and Exercise Psychology: An Integrative Perspective. Front Psychol 2021; 12:661824. [PMID: 34220635 PMCID: PMC8242169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work contains a personal perspective on what sport and exercise psychology (SEP) is today. It is a global synthesis of research about psychological aspects related to the context and practice of sport and exercise. The intended impact was to positively influence teaching SEP to students, to promote interdisciplinary research and practice, and to assist the development of SEP as an applied science by helping experts develop a more holistic view of the field. Over 650 theoretical and review articles about psychological concepts in connection to sport and exercise were read in the process of creating a conceptual model that reflects the essence of SEP and leads to a conceptualization of SEP based on research topics. The result was a knowledge map of SEP made up of four main research clusters: biopsychological descriptors, external variables, psychological skills, and applied SEP practice. In terms of interdisciplinarity, the present perspective on SEP suggests that sport and exercise can be used as a research paradigm or natural laboratory to study psychological aspects relevant to various scientific fields, and that sport and exercise can be used as a therapeutic framework in response to challenges that researchers and practitioners in these fields are typically addressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Latinjak
- School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom
- Escola Universitària de la Salut i de l’Esport (EUSES), Universitat de Girona, Salt, Spain
| | - Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis
- Department of Physiological Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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16
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Csapo R, Runer A, Hoser C, Fink C. Contralateral ACL tears strongly contribute to high rates of secondary ACL injuries in professional ski racers. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:1805-1812. [PMID: 32804249 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the effects of graft selection, sex, injury complexity and time to return to competition on the odds to suffer secondary ACL injury (either re-rupture or contralateral ACL tear) in professional alpine skiers. METHODS The database of a specialised joint surgery clinic was screened for professional alpine skiers who had participated in competitions at the FIS race, European Cup and World Cup level prior to having to undergo a primary ACL reconstruction, and who had returned to the same competitional level at least one year prior to the end of the observation period. The rates of secondary ACL injuries were statistically compared between athletes with hamstring and quadriceps tendon autografts, men and women, simple and complex (involvement of menisci or cartilage) primary ACL injuries, and between early (≤ 300 days after primary reconstruction) and late (> 300 days) returners to competition. RESULTS Fourteen out of the 30 athletes included (46.7%) suffered secondary ACL injuries on average 29.4 ± 22.5 months after primary reconstruction. The secondary injuries comprised five re-ruptures (16.7%) and nine contralateral ACL tears (30.0%). The odds to suffer contralateral ACL tears were non-significantly higher in patients with hamstring tendon autografts (OR 5.69, n.s.) and in those whose primary injuries were classified as simple ACL tears (OR 5.31, n.s.). None of the factors assessed was associated with the odds of graft failure. CONCLUSION The odds of ACL-injured professional alpine ski racers to suffer secondary ACL tears are nearly 50%, with subsequent contralateral ACL injuries being more common than graft failures. While statistical significance could not be established due to a lack of power, greater odds of contralateral ACL tears were observed in athletes with hamstring tendon grafts as well as those with simple primary ACL injuries. No factors potentially predisposing athletes for graft failure could be identified. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, ISAG, UMIT Tirol, Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060, Hall in Tirol, Austria.
| | - Armin Runer
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Hoser
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, ISAG, UMIT Tirol, Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060, Hall in Tirol, Austria.,Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Fink
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, ISAG, UMIT Tirol, Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060, Hall in Tirol, Austria.,Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck, Austria
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