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Prado GM, Prado JCS, Aguiar FLLDE, Barbosa FCB, Vale JPCDO, Martins MR, Arantes SM, Sousa NVDE, Lima DM, Marinho ES, Marinho MM, Fontenelle ROS. Antifungal, molecular docking and cytotoxic effect of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. and Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle against Candida albicans. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230309. [PMID: 39166649 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Brazil is renowned for its extensive plant biodiversity, with emphasis on Cymbopogon, C. citratus and C. nardus, with broad antimicrobial potential. Candidemias caused by Candida albicans are highly prevalent in immunosuppressed individuals and are associated with infections by biofilms on medical devices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of essential oils C. citratus and C. nardus against C. albicans in planktonic and biofilm forms. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and chemical composition evaluated by GC-FID and GC-MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the broth microdilution method and the synergy effect of essential oils and amphotericin B were evaluated by the checkerboard test. Biofilm activity was determined by the XTT assay. Cytotoxicity assays performed with VERO cells and molecular docking were performed to predict the effect of oil interaction on the SAP-5 enzyme site. The results showed activity of essential oils against planktonic cells and biofilm of C. albicans. Furthermore, the oils had a synergistic effect, and low cytotoxicity. Molecular docking showed interaction between Cadinene, Caryophyllen oxide, Germacrene D with SAP-5. The results indicate that Cymbopogon spp. studied are anti-Candida, with potential for further application in therapy against infections caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M Prado
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Cmte. Maurocélio Rocha Pontes, 100, Jocely Dantas de Andrade Torres, 62042-250 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Júlio César S Prado
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Cmte. Maurocélio Rocha Pontes, 100, Jocely Dantas de Andrade Torres, 62042-250 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca Lidiane L DE Aguiar
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Av. Padre Francisco Sadoc de Araujo, 850, Alto da Brasilia, 62010-295 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Cesar B Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Cmte. Maurocélio Rocha Pontes, 100, Jocely Dantas de Andrade Torres, 62042-250 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean P C DO Vale
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Av. Padre Francisco Sadoc de Araujo, 850, Alto da Brasilia, 62010-295 Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosário Martins
- Departmento de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde, Universidade de Evora, Colégio Luís António Verney, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- HERCULES Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada (IIFA), Universidade de Evora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Evora, Portugal
| | - Silva Macedo Arantes
- HERCULES Laboratory, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada (IIFA), Universidade de Evora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809, Evora, Portugal
| | - Natália V DE Sousa
- Programa em Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Fortaleza, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. da Universidade, 2853, Benfica, 60020-181 Fortaleza, CE, CEP, Brazil
| | - Danielle M Lima
- Programa em Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Fortaleza, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. da Universidade, 2853, Benfica, 60020-181 Fortaleza, CE, CEP, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel S Marinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Ceará/UECE, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Márcia M Marinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Ceará/UECE, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel O S Fontenelle
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Av. Padre Francisco Sadoc de Araujo, 850, Alto da Brasilia, 62010-295 Sobral, CE, Brazil
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Carvalho-Silva JM, Teixeira ABV, Valente MLDC, Shimano MVW, Dos Reis AC. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against biofilms formed in dental acrylic resin: a systematic review of in vitro studies. BIOFOULING 2024; 40:114-129. [PMID: 38538551 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2332709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to answer the question formulated according to the PICO strategy: 'Which essential oils show antimicrobial activity against biofilms formed on dental acrylic resin?' composed by population (dental acrylic resin), intervention (application of essential oils), comparison (denture cleansers, antifungal drugs, chlorhexidine, and oral mouthwashes), and outcome (antibiofilm activity). In vitro experimental studies evaluating the activity of EOs on biofilm formed on acrylic resin were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the search was performed in the PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, and Lilacs databases and in the gray literature using Google Scholar and ProQuest in December 2023. A manual search of the reference lists of the included primary studies was performed. Of the 1467 articles identified, 37 were selected for full-text reading and 12 were included. Twelve EOs were evaluated, of which 11 showed activity against Candida spp., 3 against Staphylococcus aureus, and 1 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The EOs of Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Cymbopogon nardus showed higher action than chlorhexidine, C. nardus higher than Listerine, C. citratus higher than nystatin, and Melaleuca alternifolia higher than fluconazole and nystatin. However, chlorhexidine was more effective than Lippia sidoides and Salvia officinalis, sodium hypochlorite was more effective than L. sidoides, nystatin was more effective than Zingiber officinale, Amphotericin B more effective than Eucalyptus globulus and M. alternifolia. In conclusion, the EOs of C. zeylanicum, C. citratus, C. nardus, and M. alternifolia showed antimicrobial activity to reduce biofilm on dental acrylic resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcos Carvalho-Silva
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima da Costa Valente
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Wada Shimano
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Cortes-Torres AG, López-Castillo GN, Marín-Torres JL, Portillo-Reyes R, Luna F, Baca BE, Sandoval-Ramírez J, Carrasco-Carballo A. Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil: Extraction, GC-MS, Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, and In Silico Molecular Docking for Protein Targets Related to CNS. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5164-5179. [PMID: 37367077 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the chemical composition of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil from Puebla, México, assessed its antioxidant activity, and evaluated in silico protein-compound interactions related to central nervous system (CNS) physiology. GC-MS analysis identified myrcene (8.76%), Z-geranial (27.58%), and E-geranial (38.62%) as the main components, with 45 other compounds present, which depends on the region and growing conditions. DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu assays using the leaves extract show a promising antioxidant effect (EC50 = 48.5 µL EO/mL), reducing reactive oxygen species. The bioinformatic tool SwissTargetPrediction (STP) shows 10 proteins as potential targets associated with CNS physiology. Moreover, protein-protein interaction diagrams suggest that muscarinic and dopamine receptors are related to each other through a third party. Molecular docking reveals that Z-geranial has higher binding energy than M1 commercial blocker and blocks M2, but not M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, whereas β-pinene and myrcene block M1, M2, and M4 receptors. These actions may positively affect cardiovascular activity, memory, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. This study highlights the significance of understanding natural product interactions with physiological systems to uncover potential therapeutic agents and advanced knowledge on their benefits for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Cortes-Torres
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, ICUAP-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Interacción Bacteria-Planta, ICCM-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Guiee N López-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, ICUAP-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | | | | | - Felix Luna
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, FCQ-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Beatriz E Baca
- Laboratorio de Interacción Bacteria-Planta, ICCM-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Modificación de Productos Naturales, FCQ-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Alan Carrasco-Carballo
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, ICUAP-BUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico
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Kgang IE, Klein A, Mohamed GG, Mathabe PMK, Belay ZA, Caleb OJ. Enzymatic and proteomic exploration into the inhibitory activities of lemongrass and lemon essential oils against Botrytis cinerea (causative pathogen of gray mold). Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1101539. [PMID: 36741895 PMCID: PMC9890175 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Essential oils (EOs) have been demonstrated as efficacious against B. cinerea. However, the underpinning enzymatic and proteomic mechanism for these inhibitory effects is not entirely clear. Methods Thus, this study examined the effects of lemon (Le) and lemongrass (Lg) EOs (individually and in combination) against B. cinerea based on enzymatic and proteomic analyses. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038894. Results and discussion Both EOs (individually and in combination) displayed abilities to induce scavenging as observed with the reduction of H2O2. Measured malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased in all EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia compared to the control. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was highest in Lg treated B. cinerea (206% increase), followed by combined (Le + Lg) treatment with 73% compared to the untreated control. Based on GC-MS analysis, the number of volatile compounds identified in lemon and lemongrass EOs were 7 and 10, respectively. Major chemical constituent of lemon EO was d-limonene (71%), while lemongrass EO was a-citral (50.1%). Based on the interrogated LC-MS data, 42 distinct proteins were identified, and 13 of these proteins were unique with 1, 8, and 4 found in Le-, Lg-, and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea, respectively, and none in control. Overall, 72% of identified proteins were localized within cellular anatomical entity, and 28% in protein-complexes. Proteins involved in translation initiation, antioxidant activity, protein macromolecule adaptor activity and microtubule motor activity were only identified in the Lg and (Le + Lg) EOs treated B. cinerea mycelia, which was consistent with their APX activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itumeleng E. Kgang
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Gadija G. Mohamed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Patricia M. K. Mathabe
- School of Agriculture, Food & the Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Zinash A. Belay
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi James Caleb
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- African Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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