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Yang EL, Sun ZJ. Nanomedicine Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Enhances Anti-Tumor Immunity. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303294. [PMID: 38288864 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, a field within immunology that aims to enhance the host's anti-cancer immune response, frequently encounters challenges associated with suboptimal response rates. The presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), crucial constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), exacerbates this issue by fostering immunosuppression and impeding T cell differentiation and maturation. Consequently, targeting MDSCs has emerged as crucial for immunotherapy aimed at enhancing anti-tumor responses. The development of nanomedicines specifically designed to target MDSCs aims to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy by transforming immunosuppressive tumors into ones more responsive to immune intervention. This review provides a detailed overview of MDSCs in the TME and current strategies targeting these cells. Also the benefits of nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery systems, including design flexibility, efficient drug loading, and protection against enzymatic degradation, are highlighted. It summarizes advances in nanomedicine targeting MDSCs, covering enhanced treatment efficacy, safety, and modulation of the TME, laying the groundwork for more potent cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
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2
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Isaacs JT, Dalrymple SL, Antony L, Rosen DM, Coleman IM, Nelson PS, Kostova M, Murray IA, Perdew GH, Denmeade SR, Akinboye ES, Brennen WN. Third generation quinoline-3-carboxamide transcriptional disrupter of HDAC4, HIF-1α, and MEF-2 signaling for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2023; 83:1470-1493. [PMID: 37559436 PMCID: PMC10559933 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quinoline-3-carboxamide, Tasquinimod (TasQ), is orally active as a maintenance therapy with an on-target mechanism-of-action via allosteric binding to HDAC4. This prevents formation of the HDAC4/NCoR1/HDAC3 complex, disrupting HIF-1α transcriptional activation and repressing MEF-2 target genes needed for adaptive survival signaling in the compromised tumor micro environment. In phase 3 clinical testing against metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC), TasQ (1 mg/day) increased time-to-progression, but not overall survival. METHODS TasQ analogs were chemically synthesized and tested for activity compared to the parental compound. These included HDAC4 enzymatic assays, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses of gene and protein expression following treatment, in vitro and in vivo efficacy against multiple prostate cancer models including PDXs, pharmacokinetic analyses,AHR binding and agonist assays, SPR analyses of binding to HDAC4 and NCoR1, RNAseq analysis of in vivo tumors, 3D endothelial sprouting assays, and a targeted kinase screen. Genetic knockout or knockdown controls were used when appropriate. RESULTS Here, we document that, on this regimen (1 mg/day), TasQ blood levels are 10-fold lower than the optimal concentration (≥2 μM) needed for anticancer activity, suggesting higher daily doses are needed. Unfortunately, we also demonstrate that TasQ is an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist, which binds with an EC50 of 1 μM to produce unwanted off-target side effects. Therefore, we screened a library of TasQ analogsto maximize on-target versus off-target activity. Using this approach, we identified ESATA-20, which has ~10-fold lower AHR agonism and 5-fold greater potency against prostate cancer patient-derived xenografts. CONCLUSION This increased therapeuticindex nominates ESATA-20 as a lead candidate forclinical development as an orally active third generation quinoline-3-carboxamide analog thatretains its on-target ability to disrupt HDAC4/HIF-1α/MEF-2-dependent adaptive survival signaling in the compromisedtumor microenvironment found in mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T. Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan L. Dalrymple
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lizamma Antony
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - D. Marc Rosen
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ilsa M. Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maya Kostova
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Iain A. Murray
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Gary H. Perdew
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and the Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Samuel R. Denmeade
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmanuel S. Akinboye
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - W. Nathaniel Brennen
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Steiner ST, Maisuls I, Junker A, Fritz G, Faust A, Strassert CA. Concerning the photophysics of fluorophores towards tailored bioimaging compounds: a case study involving S100A9 inflammation markers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2093-2104. [PMID: 37303026 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A full understanding concerning the photophysical properties of a fluorescent label is crucial for a reliable and predictable performance in biolabelling applications. This holds true not only for the choice of a fluorophore in general, but also for the correct interpretation of data, considering the complexity of biological environments. In the frame of a case study involving inflammation imaging, we report the photophysical characterization of four fluorescent S100A9-targeting compounds in terms of UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF) and excited state lifetimes (τ) as well as the evaluation of the radiative and non-radiative rate constants (kr and knr, respectively). The probes were synthesized based on a 2-amino benzimidazole-based lead structure in combination with commercially available dyes, covering a broad color range from green (6-FAM) over orange (BODIPY-TMR) to red (BODIPY-TR) and near-infrared (Cy5.5) emission. The effect of conjugation with the targeting structure was addressed by comparison of the probes with their corresponding dye-azide precursors. Additionally, the 6-FAM and Cy5.5 probes were measured in the presence of murine S100A9 to determine whether protein binding influences their photophysical properties. An interesting rise in ΦF upon binding of 6-FAM-SST177 to murine S100A9 enabled the determination of its dissociation equilibrium constant, reaching up to KD = 324 nM. This result gives an outlook for potential applications of our compounds in S100A9 inflammation imaging and fluorescence assay developments. With respect to the other dyes, this study demonstrates how diverse microenvironmental factors can severely impair their performance while rendering them poor performers in biological media, showing that a preliminary photophysical screening is key to assess the suitability of a particular luminophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Steiner
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Junker
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Günter Fritz
- Cellular Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany.
- Center for Nanotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Kumar A, Emdad L, Fisher PB, Das SK. Targeting epigenetic regulation for cancer therapy using small molecule inhibitors. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 158:73-161. [PMID: 36990539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display pervasive changes in DNA methylation, disrupted patterns of histone posttranslational modification, chromatin composition or organization and regulatory element activities that alter normal programs of gene expression. It is becoming increasingly clear that disturbances in the epigenome are hallmarks of cancer, which are targetable and represent attractive starting points for drug creation. Remarkable progress has been made in the past decades in discovering and developing epigenetic-based small molecule inhibitors. Recently, epigenetic-targeted agents in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors have been identified and these agents are either in current clinical trials or approved for treatment. However, epigenetic drug applications face many challenges, including low selectivity, poor bioavailability, instability and acquired drug resistance. New multidisciplinary approaches are being designed to overcome these limitations, e.g., applications of machine learning, drug repurposing, high throughput virtual screening technologies, to identify selective compounds with improved stability and better bioavailability. We provide an overview of the key proteins that mediate epigenetic regulation that encompass histone and DNA modifications and discuss effector proteins that affect the organization of chromatin structure and function as well as presently available inhibitors as potential drugs. Current anticancer small-molecule inhibitors targeting epigenetic modified enzymes that have been approved by therapeutic regulatory authorities across the world are highlighted. Many of these are in different stages of clinical evaluation. We also assess emerging strategies for combinatorial approaches of epigenetic drugs with immunotherapy, standard chemotherapy or other classes of agents and advances in the design of novel epigenetic therapies.
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5
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Zhong C, Niu Y, Liu W, Yuan Y, Li K, Shi Y, Qiu Z, Li K, Lin Z, Huang Z, Zuo D, Yang Z, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Wang C, Qiu J, He W, Yuan Y, Li B. S100A9 Derived from Chemoembolization-Induced Hypoxia Governs Mitochondrial Function in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202206. [PMID: 36041055 PMCID: PMC9596847 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the major treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it may cause hypoxic environment, leading to rapid progression after treatment. Here, using high-throughput sequencing on different models, S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) is identified as a key oncogene involved in post-TACE progression. Depletion or pharmacologic inhibition of S100A9 significantly dampens the growth and metastatic ability of HCC. Mechanistically, TACE induces S100A9 via hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A)-mediated pathway. S100A9 acts as a scaffold recruiting ubiquitin specific peptidase 10 and phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5) to form a tripolymer, causing the deubiquitination and stabilization of PGAM5, leading to mitochondrial fission and reactive oxygen species production, thereby promoting the growth and metastasis of HCC. Higher S100A9 level in HCC tissue or in serum predicts a worse outcome for HCC patients. Collectively, this study identifies S100A9 as a key driver for post-TACE HCC progression. Targeting S100A9 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Gastric SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yichuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yunxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Zhiyu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Keren Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Zhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Zhenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Dinglan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of AnesthesiologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yadi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of AnesthesiologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yuanping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Chenwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Jiliang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
| | - Binkui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
- Department of Liver SurgerySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510030China
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6
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Joshi S, Sharabi A. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells to enhance natural killer cell-based immunotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Immunosuppressive cells in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:61. [PMID: 35585567 PMCID: PMC9118588 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies like the adoptive transfer of gene-engineered T cells and immune checkpoint inhibitors are novel therapeutic modalities for advanced cancers. However, some patients are refractory or resistant to these therapies, and the mechanisms underlying tumor immune resistance have not been fully elucidated. Immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressive cells, tumor-associated macrophages, tumor-associated neutrophils, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and tumor-associated dendritic cells are critical factors correlated with immune resistance. In addition, cytokines and factors secreted by tumor cells or these immunosuppressive cells also mediate the tumor progression and immune escape of cancers. Thus, targeting these immunosuppressive cells and the related signals is the promising therapy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies and reverse the immune resistance. However, even with certain success in preclinical studies or in some specific types of cancer, large perspectives are unknown for these immunosuppressive cells, and the related therapies have undesirable outcomes for clinical patients. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the phenotype, function, and potential therapeutic targets of these immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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8
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Macrophages as a Therapeutic Target in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Way to Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020440. [PMID: 35053602 PMCID: PMC8773572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common malignancy and the fifth cause of cancer death in men. The treatment for localized or locally advanced stages offers a high probability of cure. Even though the therapeutic landscape has significantly improved over the last decade, metastatic PC (mPC) still has a poor prognosis mainly due to the development of therapy resistance. In this context, the use of immunotherapy alone or in combination with other drugs has been explored in recent years. However, T-cell directed immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown limited activity with inconclusive results in mPC patients, most likely due to the highly immunosuppressive PC tumor microenvironment (TME). In this scenario, targeting macrophages, a highly abundant immunosuppressive cell type in the TME, could offer a new therapeutic strategy to improve immunotherapy efficacy. In this review, we summarize the growing field of macrophage-directed immunotherapies and discuss how these could be applied in the treatment of mPC, focusing on their combination with ICIs.
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Cusano E, Wong C, Taguedong E, Vaska M, Abedin T, Nixon N, Karim S, Tang P, Heng DYC, Ezeife D. Impact of Value Frameworks on the Magnitude of Clinical Benefit: Evaluating a Decade of Randomized Trials for Systemic Therapy in Solid Malignancies. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:4894-4928. [PMID: 34898590 PMCID: PMC8628676 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28060412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of rapid development of new, expensive cancer therapies, value frameworks have been developed to quantify clinical benefit (CB). We assessed the evolution of CB since the 2015 introduction of The American Society of Clinical Oncology and The European Society of Medical Oncology value frameworks. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing systemic therapies for solid malignancies from 2010 to 2020 were evaluated and CB (Δ) in 2010–2014 (pre-value frameworks (PRE)) were compared to 2015–2020 (POST) for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR), and quality of life (QoL). In the 485 studies analyzed (12% PRE and 88% POST), the most common primary endpoint was PFS (49%), followed by OS (20%), RR (12%), and QoL (6%), with a significant increase in OS and decrease in RR as primary endpoints in the POST era (p = 0.011). Multivariable analyses revealed significant improvement in ΔOS POST (OR 2.86, 95% CI 0.46 to 5.26, p = 0.02) while controlling for other variables. After the development of value frameworks, median ΔOS improved minimally. The impact of value frameworks has yet to be fully realized in RCTs. Efforts to include endpoints shown to impact value, such as QoL, into clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cusano
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Chelsea Wong
- Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Eddy Taguedong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Marcus Vaska
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Tasnima Abedin
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Nancy Nixon
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Safiya Karim
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Patricia Tang
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Daniel Y. C. Heng
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
| | - Doreen Ezeife
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (M.V.); (T.A.); (N.N.); (S.K.); (P.T.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.E.)
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Zhou T, Li M, Xiao Z, Cai J, Zhao W, Duan J, Yang Z, Guo Z, Chen Y, Cai W, Huang P, He C, Xu F. Chronic Stress-Induced Gene Changes In Vitro and In Vivo: Potential Biomarkers Associated With Depression and Cancer Based on circRNA- and lncRNA-Associated ceRNA Networks. Front Oncol 2021; 11:744251. [PMID: 34650925 PMCID: PMC8507324 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.744251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been considered as biomarkers or regulators in many diseases. However, the exact role of circRNA- or lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in the modulation of depression pathogenesis-relevant processes is not clear. In this study, we profiled whole transcriptome in depression patients’ blood samples via microarray analysis. As a result, a total of 340 circRNAs, 398 lncRNAs, 206 miRNAs, and 92 mRNAs were differentially expressed between the depression and control groups. Then, we constructed ceRNA networks according to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Using bioinformatics analysis, 89 pairs of circRNA-ceRNA and 49 pairs of lncRNA-ceRNA networks were obtained. Since depression is a broad and heterogeneous condition that is known as promoter for many chronic diseases including cancer, so we further dug out 28 circRNAs, 61 lncRNAs, 26 miRNAs, and 29 mRNAs that are associated with cancer. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways such as MAPK, Wnt, IL-17, Ras, and PI3K-Akt. Genes involved in the above pathways such as S100A9, GATA2, SRFP5, SLC45A3, NTRK1, FRZB, has_circ_0014221, has_circ_0014220, and has_circ_0087100 were dysregulated in various cancer cell lines by stress hormones induced. HDC, GATA2, SLC45A3, and NTRK1 were downregulated in tumor-bearing mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). LncRNA-mediated ceRNA network validation showed that overexpression of miR-4530 declined HDC level. Our findings highlight the potential circRNA- and lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of depression and as potential biomarkers in depression cancer comorbidity through the pathways of IL-17 or histidine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Piaopiao Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyong He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Li K, Shi H, Zhang B, Ou X, Ma Q, Chen Y, Shu P, Li D, Wang Y. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:362. [PMID: 34620838 PMCID: PMC8497485 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during tumor progression. These cells not only support immune escape directly but also promote tumor invasion via various non-immunological activities. Besides, this group of cells are proved to impair the efficiency of current antitumor strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Therefore, MDSCs are considered as potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Treatment strategies targeting MDSCs have shown promising outcomes in both preclinical studies and clinical trials when administrated alone, or in combination with other anticancer therapies. In this review, we shed new light on recent advances in the biological characteristics and immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs. We also hope to propose an overview of current MDSCs-targeting therapies so as to provide new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Benxia Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejin Ou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qizhi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, and Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Ekronarongchai S, Palaga T, Saonanon P, Pruksakorn V, Hirankarn N, van Hagen PM, Dik WA, Virakul S. Histone Deacetylase 4 Controls Extracellular Matrix Production in Orbital Fibroblasts from Graves' Ophthalmopathy Patients. Thyroid 2021; 31:1566-1576. [PMID: 34235979 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune eye disease with the characteristic symptoms of eyelid retraction and proptosis. Orbital fibroblast activation induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) stimulation plays a crucial role in GO pathogenesis, leading to excessive proliferation and extracellular matrix production by orbital fibroblasts. Currently, GO treatment options remain limited and novel therapies including targeted drugs are needed. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are associated with the development and progression of several cancers and autoimmune diseases by epigenetically controlling gene transcription, and HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) may have therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, the role of HDACs in orbital fibroblasts from GO is unknown. Therefore, we studied the expression of HDACs as well as their contribution to extracellular matrix production in orbital fibroblasts. Methods: Orbital tissues were obtained from GO patients (n = 18) who underwent decompression surgery with approval from the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine (Protocol number 401/61), Chulalongkorn University (Bangkok, Thailand). Furthermore, orbital tissue was obtained from control patients (n = 3) without inflammatory or thyroid disease who underwent surgery for cosmetic reasons. Orbital fibroblast cultures were established from the orbital tissues. HDAC mRNA and protein expression in orbital fibroblasts was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. PDGF-BB-activated orbital fibroblast and orbital tissues were treated with HDACis or HDAC4 small-interfering RNA. Results: PDGF-BB-stimulated orbital fibroblasts had upregulated HDAC4 mRNA and protein expression. HDAC4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in GO compared with healthy control orbital fibroblasts. Histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) decreased upon PDGF-BB stimulation. Treatment with HDAC4i (tasquinimod) and HDAC4/5i (LMK-235) significantly decreased both proliferation and hyaluronan production in PDGF-BB-stimulated orbital fibroblasts. HDAC4 silencing reduced mRNA expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), Ki67, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), as well as hyaluronan production in PDGF-BB-stimulated orbital fibroblasts. Tasquinimod significantly reduced HAS2 and α-SMA mRNA expression in whole orbital tissue. Conclusion: Our data indicated, for the first time, that altered HDAC4 regulation along with H3K9 hypoacetylation might represent a mechanism that contributes to excessive proliferation and extracellular matrix production by orbital fibroblasts in GO. HDAC4 might represent a novel target for GO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supanuch Ekronarongchai
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Preamjit Saonanon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vannakorn Pruksakorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Martin van Hagen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willem A Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sita Virakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Ioannidou E, Moschetta M, Shah S, Parker JS, Ozturk MA, Pappas-Gogos G, Sheriff M, Rassy E, Boussios S. Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189926. [PMID: 34576107 PMCID: PMC8472415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC. Ongoing clinical trials investigate antiangiogenic monotherapies or combination therapies. Despite the important role of angiogenesis in PC, clinical trials in refractory castration-resistant PC (CRPC) have demonstrated increased toxicity with no clinical benefit. A better understanding of the mechanism of angiogenesis may help to understand the failure of trials, possibly leading to the development of new targeted anti-angiogenic therapies in PC. These could include the identification of specific subsets of patients who might benefit from these therapeutic strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the pathways involved in the angiogenesis, the chemotherapeutic agents with antiangiogenic activity, the available studies on anti-angiogenic agents and the potential mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Ioannidou
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Rd., London SW10 9NH, UK;
| | - Michele Moschetta
- CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Sidrah Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Jack Steven Parker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Mehmet Akif Ozturk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sisli Memorial Hospital, Kaptan Paşa Mah. Piyale Paşa Bulv., Okmeydanı Cd. 4, Istanbul 34384, Turkey;
| | - George Pappas-Gogos
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45111 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Urology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK;
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Institut, 94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent ME7 5NY, UK; (S.S.); (J.S.P.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: or
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14
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Rudnik-Jansen I, Howard KA. FcRn expression in cancer: Mechanistic basis and therapeutic opportunities. J Control Release 2021; 337:248-257. [PMID: 34245786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new cellular targets to expand the repertoire, potency and safety of cancer therapeutics. Neonatal Fc Receptor (FcRn)-driven cellular recycling plays a predominant role in the prolonged serum half-life of human serum albumin (HSA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) exploited in long-acting cancer drug designs. FcRn-mediated HSA and IgG uptake in epithelial cells and dendritic cell antigen presentation offers new therapeutic opportunities beyond half-life extension. Altered FcRn expression in solid tumours accounting for HSA catabolism or recycling supports a role for FcRn in tumour metabolism and growth. This review addresses the mechanistic basis for different FcRn expression profiles observed in cancer and exploitation for targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, the review highlights FcRn-mediated immunosurveillance and immune therapy. FcRn offers a potential attractive cancer target but in-depth understanding of role and expression profiles during cancer pathogenesis is required for tailoring targeted drug designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Rudnik-Jansen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kenneth A Howard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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15
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Perego M, Tyurin VA, Tyurina YY, Yellets J, Nacarelli T, Lin C, Nefedova Y, Kossenkov A, Liu Q, Sreedhar S, Pass H, Roth J, Vogl T, Feldser D, Zhang R, Kagan VE, Gabrilovich DI. Reactivation of dormant tumor cells by modified lipids derived from stress-activated neutrophils. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/572/eabb5817. [PMID: 33268511 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence years after seemingly successful treatment of primary tumors is one of the major causes of mortality in patients with cancer. Reactivation of dormant tumor cells is largely responsible for this phenomenon. Using dormancy models of lung and ovarian cancer, we found a specific mechanism, mediated by stress and neutrophils, that may govern this process. Stress hormones cause rapid release of proinflammatory S100A8/A9 proteins by neutrophils. S100A8/A9 induce activation of myeloperoxidase, resulting in accumulation of oxidized lipids in these cells. Upon release from neutrophils, these lipids up-regulate the fibroblast growth factor pathway in tumor cells, causing tumor cell exit from the dormancy and formation of new tumor lesions. Higher serum concentrations of S100A8/A9 were associated with shorter time to recurrence in patients with lung cancer after complete tumor resection. Targeting of S100A8/A9 or β2-adrenergic receptors abrogated stress-induced reactivation of dormant tumor cells. These observations demonstrate a mechanism linking stress and specific neutrophil activation with early recurrence in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir A Tyurin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | - Cindy Lin
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Qin Liu
- Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Harvey Pass
- Langone Cancer Center, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - David Feldser
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics, IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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16
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The S100 Protein Family as Players and Therapeutic Targets in Pulmonary Diseases. Pulm Med 2021; 2021:5488591. [PMID: 34239729 PMCID: PMC8214497 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5488591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family consists of over 20 members in humans that are involved in many intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, Ca2+ homeostasis, energy metabolism, inflammation, tissue repair, and migration/invasion. Although there are structural similarities between each member, they are not functionally interchangeable. The S100 proteins function both as intracellular Ca2+ sensors and as extracellular factors. Dysregulated responses of multiple members of the S100 family are observed in several diseases, including the lungs (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer). To this degree, extensive research was undertaken to identify their roles in pulmonary disease pathogenesis and the identification of inhibitors for several S100 family members that have progressed to clinical trials in patients for nonpulmonary conditions. This review outlines the potential role of each S100 protein in pulmonary diseases, details the possible mechanisms observed in diseases, and outlines potential therapeutic strategies for treatment.
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Abstract
We have investigated the role of the Ca2+-binding protein S100A9 on tumor growth in prostate cancer and T-cell lymphoma models. We found that the expression of, S100A9 and its interaction with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is critical for tumor growth in these settings.
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18
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Otazu GK, Dayyani M, Badie B. Role of RAGE and Its Ligands on Inflammatory Responses to Brain Tumors. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:770472. [PMID: 34975408 PMCID: PMC8716782 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.770472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most common form of brain cancer, can range from relatively slow-growing low-grade to highly aggressive glioblastoma that has a median overall survival of only 15 months despite multimodal standard therapy. Although immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has significantly improved patient survival for some cancers, to date, these agents have not shown consistent efficacy against malignant gliomas. Therefore, there is a pressing need to better understand the impact of host inflammatory responses on the efficacy of emerging immunotherapy approaches for these resistant tumors. RAGE is a multi-ligand pattern recognition receptor that is activated in various inflammatory states such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cystic fibrosis, and cancer. Low levels of RAGE can be found under normal physiological conditions in neurons, immune cells, activated endothelial, and vascular smooth muscle cells, but it is over-expressed under chronic inflammation due to the accumulation of its ligands. RAGE binds to a range of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) including AGEs, HMGB1, S100s, and DNA which mediate downstream cellular responses that promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, and invasion. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that inhibition of RAGE signaling can disrupt inflammation and cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we will review our current understanding of the role of RAGE pathway on glioma progression and how it could be exploited to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffith Kyle Otazu
- Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mojtaba Dayyani
- Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Behnam Badie
- Division of Neurosurgery, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
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19
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Boros F, Vécsei L. Progress in the development of kynurenine and quinoline-3-carboxamide-derived drugs. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1223-1247. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1813716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Boros
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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20
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Tsao T, Beretov J, Ni J, Bai X, Bucci J, Graham P, Li Y. Cancer stem cells in prostate cancer radioresistance. Cancer Lett 2019; 465:94-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Biological and therapeutic advances in the pursuit of effective immunotherapy for prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol 2019; 30:30-35. [PMID: 31609776 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The successful development of effective cancer immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors, has changed the treatment paradigm of many tumor types. In light of the limited efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors demonstrated in recent clinical trials in refractory prostate cancer, this review highlights important recent and ongoing studies that are shaping the pursuit of effective immunotherapy for prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS We review two overarching themes with respect to recent studies of prostate cancer immunotherapy: evolving therapeutic strategies and novel biological findings, including the landscape of predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy response. SUMMARY Novel and combinatorial immunotherapy strategies are being implemented across the clinical spectrum of prostate cancer. Greater understanding of complex tumor-immune interactions and the determinants of therapy response in prostate cancer is an area of intense investigation, and will inform both translational and clinical immuno-oncology research in the field.
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22
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Narayan VM, Dahm P. The future of clinical trials in urological oncology. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16:722-733. [PMID: 31605037 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Well-designed clinical trials in urological oncology help to guide treatment decisions and aid in counselling patients, ultimately serving to improve outcomes. Since the term evidence-based medicine was first used by Gordon Guyatt in 1991, a renewed emphasis on methodology, transparent trial design and study reporting has helped to improve clinical research and in turn, the landscape of medical literature. Novel clinical trial designs (including multi-arm, multistage trials, basket and umbrella studies and research from big data sources, such as electronic health records, administrative claims databases and quality monitoring registries) are well suited to advance innovation in urological oncology. Existing urological clinical trials are often limited by small numbers, are statistically underpowered and many face difficulties with accrual. Thus, efforts to improve trial design are of considerable importance. The development and use of standard outcome sets and adherence to reporting guidelines offer researchers the opportunity to guide value-oriented care, minimize research waste and efficiently identify solutions to the unanswered questions in urology cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram M Narayan
- Minneapolis VA Medical Center and University of Minnesota Department of Urology, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Philipp Dahm
- Minneapolis VA Medical Center and University of Minnesota Department of Urology, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
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23
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24
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Nava M, Dutta P, Zemke NR, Farias-Eisner R, Vadgama JV, Wu Y. Transcriptomic and ChIP-sequence interrogation of EGFR signaling in HER2+ breast cancer cells reveals a dynamic chromatin landscape and S100 genes as targets. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:32. [PMID: 30736768 PMCID: PMC6368760 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR/HER1) can be activated by several ligands including Transforming Growth Factor alpha (TGF-α) and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). Following ligand binding, EGFR heterodimerizes with other HER family members, such as HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2). Previously, we showed that the EGFR is upregulated in trastuzumab resistant HER2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer cells. This study is aimed to determine the downstream effects on transcription following EGFR upregulation in HER2+ breast cancer cells. METHODS RNA-sequence and ChIP-sequence for H3K18ac and H3K27ac (Histone H3 lysine K18 and K27 acetylation) were conducted following an Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) treatment time course in HER2+ breast cancer cells, SKBR3. The levels of several proteins of interest were confirmed by western blot analysis. The cellular localization of proteins of interest was examined using biochemically fractionated lysates followed by western blot analysis. RESULTS Over the course of 24 h, EGFR stimulation resulted in the modulation of over 4000 transcripts. Moreover, our data demonstrates that EGFR/HER2 signaling regulates the epigenome, with global H3K18ac and H3K27ac oscillating as a function of time following EGF treatment. RNA-sequence data demonstrates the activation of immediate early genes (IEGs) and delayed early genes (DEGs) within 1 h of EGF treatment. More importantly, we have identified members of the S100 (S100 Calcium Binding Protein) gene family as likely direct targets of EGFR signaling as H3K18ac, H3K27ac and pol2 (RNA polymerase II) increase near the transcription start sites of some of these genes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that S100 proteins, which act as Ca2+ sensors, could play a role in EGF induced tumor cell growth and metastasis, contribute to trastuzumab resistance and cell migration and that they are likely drug targets in HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Nava
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Pranabananda Dutta
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA
| | - Nathan R. Zemke
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Robin Farias-Eisner
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jaydutt V. Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 East 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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25
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Ferro M, Di Lorenzo G, de Cobelli O, Bruzzese D, Pignataro P, Borghesi M, Musi G, Vartolomei MD, Cosimato V, Serino A, Ieluzzi V, Terracciano D, Damiano R, Cantiello F, Mistretta FA, Muto M, Lucarelli G, De Placido P, Buonerba C. Incidence of fatigue and low-dose corticosteroid use in prostate cancer patients receiving systemic treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Urol 2018; 37:1049-1059. [PMID: 30519742 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a complex condition that is reported in > 50% of cancer patients. In men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), CRF was reported in 12-21% of patients. Approved systemic therapy against CRPC is commonly administered in combination with androgen-deprivation treatment (ADT) and, in some cases, with daily, low-dose corticosteroids. Importantly, the use of low-dose corticosteroids is associated with multiple negative effects, including reduced muscle mass. On these grounds, we hypothesized that the chronic use of corticosteroids may increase the incidence of fatigue in patients with prostate cancer. METHODS We reviewed all randomized trials published during the last 15 years conducted in patients with prostate cancer receiving systemic treatment and we performed a sub-group analysis to gather insights regarding the potential differences in the incidence of fatigue in patients receiving vs. not receiving daily corticosteroids as part of their systemic anti-neoplastic regimen. RESULTS Overall, 22,734 men enrolled in prospective randomized phase II and III trials were evaluable for fatigue. Estimated pooled incidence of grade 1-2 fatigue was 30.89% (95% CI = 25.34-36.74), while estimated pooled incidence of grade 3-4 fatigue was reported in 3.90% (95% CI = 2.91-5.02). Sub-group analysis showed that grade 3-4 fatigue was approximately double in patients who received daily corticosteroids as part of their anti-neoplastic treatment (5.58; 95% CI = 4.33-6.98) vs. those who did not (2.67%; 95% CI = 1.53-4.11). CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the need for ad hoc-designed prospective clinical trials to investigate whether the benefits associated with low-dose, daily corticosteroids outweigh the risks associated with corticosteroid-related adverse events such as fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Piero Pignataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Borghesi
- Department of Urology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Mihai Dorin Vartolomei
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Vincenzo Cosimato
- Division of Onco-hematology, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Damiano
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Cantiello
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
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Bresnick AR. S100 proteins as therapeutic targets. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1617-1629. [PMID: 30382555 PMCID: PMC6297089 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome codes for 21 S100 protein family members, which exhibit cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns. Despite sharing a high degree of sequence and structural similarity, the S100 proteins bind a diverse range of protein targets and contribute to a broad array of intracellular and extracellular functions. Consequently, the S100 proteins regulate multiple cellular processes such as proliferation, migration and/or invasion, and differentiation, and play important roles in a variety of cancers, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review focuses on the development of S100 neutralizing antibodies and small molecule inhibitors and their potential therapeutic use in controlling disease progression and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R Bresnick
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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27
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Gong P, Liu H, Liu X, Zhou G, Liu M, Yang X, Xiong W, Wang Q, Ma J, Ren Z, He M, Zhang X. Efficacy of tasquinimod in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13204. [PMID: 30431595 PMCID: PMC6257339 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tasquinimod is an oral quinoline-3-carboxamide derivative for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Tasquinimod has antiangiogenic, immunomodulatory, and antimetastatic properties, but it is also associated with toxicities, including skeletal pain, digestive disorders, fatigue, insomnia, and mental disorders. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and long-term survival for tasquinimod in patients with mCRPC. METHODS Searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible articles included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing systemic or combination therapy (excluding primary or secondary androgen deprivation therapy, bone protective agents, or radionuclides) with placebo in men with mCRPC. RESULTS Three RCTs were selected for final evaluation. The pooled results from the 3 studies indicated that tasquinimod was associated with good radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS) in mCRPC. For adverse effects (AEs), the results of meta-analysis indicated that patients with mCRPC who received tasquinimod had obvious anemia (risk ratio (RR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.73, P = .02), back pain (RR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.01-2.47, P = .05), pain in the extremities (RR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.14-3.17, P = .01), insomnia (RR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03-2.17, P = .03), vomiting (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.04-2.21, P = .03), and peripheral edema (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03-2.23, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS Tasquinimod is associated with better rPFS in mCRPC. The toxicity of tasquinimod requires further investigation, it is not recommended for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Ge Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Meitian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | | | - Qi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - Juan Ma
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Minfu He
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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28
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Palanissami G, Paul SFD. RAGE and Its Ligands: Molecular Interplay Between Glycation, Inflammation, and Hallmarks of Cancer—a Review. Discov Oncol 2018; 9:295-325. [DOI: 10.1007/s12672-018-0342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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29
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Brown LC, Sonpavde G, Armstrong AJ. Can RECIST response predict success in phase 3 trials in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2018; 21:419-430. [PMID: 29858595 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-018-0049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermediate endpoints are needed in early phase studies of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) that can reliably predict success in phase 3 trials. Among men with measurable disease, objective response may provide information as to whether a treatment is likely to be successful. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of systemic agents that have proceeded to phase 3 trials in men with mCRPC and examined the relationship between improvements in measurable disease response in phase 2 trials and successful phase 3 trials leading to regulatory approval. Only trials that included men with radiographically measurable disease were included. RESULTS We examined 31 eligible mCRPC phase 3 trials between 1992 and 2017 and 29 of the preceding phase 2 trials for RECIST responses. Measurable tumor responses in phase 2 trials were higher for successful therapies in phase 3 trials in chemotherapy-naive men with mCRPC, but were less correlated with success in trials investigating docetaxel combination regimens or the post chemotherapy mCRPC setting. Many failed agents did not produce higher than expected response rates over control arms; however, several agents such as anti-angiogenic therapies or orteronel produced higher than expected responses without survival benefit. CONCLUSIONS Objective responses in men with mCRPC may be associated with prolonged survival, but this association is mechanism dependent and inconsistent across trials or disease states. These data support considering RECIST response as a supportive but not sole endpoint in phase 2 trials to support launching phase 3 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon C Brown
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. .,Duke Cancer Institute and the Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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30
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Shen W, He P, Zhou Z. Effectiveness and tolerability of targeted drugs for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:1751-1768. [PMID: 29797220 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) refers to prostate cancer that has progressed after initial androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Over the years, treatment strategies for metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) have undergone considerable changes. We performed a network meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of targeted agents for mCRPC. METHODS We search databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library through Sep 5, 2017. The major effectiveness outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The tolerability outcome was severe adverse events (AEs) of grade ≥ 3. RESULTS Twenty-six articles assessing a total of 20,314 patients were included in this study. A random-effect analysis showed that targeted agents could significant prolong PFS in mCRPC patients (I2 = 94.3%; hazard ratio (HR): 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-0.84; p < 0.001). In addition, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) ranking from the network analysis showed that enzalutamide was the most effective in improving the PFS of mCRPC patients (100%), followed by abiraterone (90.1%) and tasquinimod (84.2%). Additionally, targeted agents could clearly prolong OS in mCRPC patients (I2 = 71.6%; HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.85-0.97; p < 0.001). Furthermore, based on SUCRA ranking, enzalutamide was the most effective in improving the OS of mCRPC patients (97.2%), followed by abiraterone (91.1%) and zibotentan (65.8%). Intetumumab was associated with the lowest incidence of severe AEs (94.9%), followed by atrasentan (85.1%) and placebo (79.3%). CONCLUSION In patients with mCRPC, enzalutamide, abiraterone and tasquinimod can prolong PFS, and enzalutamide and abiraterone can prolong OS. Additionally, enzalutamide and abiraterone can improve both PFS and OS with a low risk of causing severe AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Wang
- Center of Urology, Southwest hospital Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Center of Urology, Southwest hospital Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenhao Shen
- Center of Urology, Southwest hospital Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng He
- Center of Urology, Southwest hospital Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhansong Zhou
- Center of Urology, Southwest hospital Army Medical University, No. 30, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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31
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Shen L, Pili R. Tasquinimod targets suppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1072672. [PMID: 31646064 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1072672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltrating myeloid derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important components of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We recently reported that tasquinimod, which binds to S100A9, impairs both infiltration and function of these cells. Here we discuss the underlying mechanisms responsible for targeting multiple suppressive populations and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University-Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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32
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Kratochwil C, Bruchertseifer F, Rathke H, Hohenfellner M, Giesel FL, Haberkorn U, Morgenstern A. Targeted α-Therapy of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with 225Ac-PSMA-617: Swimmer-Plot Analysis Suggests Efficacy Regarding Duration of Tumor Control. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:795-802. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.203539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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33
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Bezzi M, Seitzer N, Ishikawa T, Reschke M, Chen M, Wang G, Mitchell C, Ng C, Katon J, Lunardi A, Signoretti S, Clohessy JG, Zhang J, Pandolfi PP. Diverse genetic-driven immune landscapes dictate tumor progression through distinct mechanisms. Nat Med 2018; 24:165-175. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.4463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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34
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Ghatalia P, Pond GR, Templeton AJ, Sonpavde G. Effect of Single-agent Daily Prednisone on Outcomes and Toxicities in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Pooled Analysis of Prospective Studies. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 16:e277-e287. [PMID: 29352714 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The clinical effect of prednisone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is unknown. We performed a pooled analysis of control arms of randomized controlled trials that had or had not administered single-agent prednisone. Randomized controlled trials with a control arm that included single-agent placebo (or no anticancer therapy) or single-agent prednisone (with or without placebo) were eligible for analysis. Patients receiving prednisone combined with other agents in the control arm were excluded. The trial characteristics, baseline demographic data, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors response, and toxicities were recorded. The effect of prednisone was investigated for significance in bivariate models, adjusting for age, pre- and post-docetaxel status, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and trial publication year. Eighteen trials were included; 9 had control arms that contained prednisone (n = 2831) and 9 did not (n = 2784). No significant differences were identified for OS or toxicities of any grade. A significantly greater PSA response rate (18.8% vs. 2.5%; P = .023) and a trend toward more frequent grade ≥ 3 fluid retention (1.0% vs. 0.4%; P = .097) was seen in the prednisone group. Prednisone was also significantly associated with PFS after adjusting for docetaxel status. Single-agent prednisone for mCRPC did not improve OS but was associated with a greater PSA response rate and PFS. Overall and grade ≥ 3 toxicities were not significantly different with prednisone. With the exception of concurrent use with abiraterone or for palliative purposes, the routine use of prednisone for mCRPC appears unnecessary.
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35
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Zhang X, Wei L, Wang J, Qin Z, Wang J, Lu Y, Zheng X, Peng Q, Ye Q, Ai F, Liu P, Wang S, Li G, Shen S, Ma J. Suppression Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer by Anti-S100a9 Antibody in Mice. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1774. [PMID: 29326691 PMCID: PMC5733461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between chronic inflammation and cancer has long been recognized. The inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis frequently progresses to colon cancer; however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. S100a9 has been emerged as an important pro-inflammatory mediator in acute and chronic inflammation, and the aberrant expression of S100a9 also contributes to tumorigenic processes such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. We previously revealed that S100a8 and S100a9 are highly activated and play an important role in the process of colitis-associated carcinogenesis, which suggests an attractive therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis and related colon cancer. Here, we report that administration of a neutralizing anti-S100a9 antibody significantly ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and accompanied by diminished cellular infiltrate of innate immunity cells (macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells) and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Tnfα, Il1β, Ifnγ, Il6, Il17a, Il23a, Il4, and Il12a). The protective effect of anti-S100a9 antibody treatment was also observed in azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced colitis-associated cancer (CAC) mouse model. The inflammatory response, tumor cell proliferation, and immune cells infiltration in the colon tissues were suppressed by anti-S100a9 antibody. Gene expression profiling showed that key pathways known to be involved in CAC development, such as Wnt signaling pathway, PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and ECM–receptor interaction pathway, were suppressed after treatment with anti-S100a9 antibody in CAC mice. In view of the protective effect of neutralizing anti-S100a9 antibody against DSS-induced colitis and AOM/DSS-induced CAC in mouse model, this study suggests that anti-S100a9 antibody may provide a novel therapeutic approach to treat ulcerative colitis and may decrease the risk for developing CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zailong Qin
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Qiurong Ye
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Feiyan Ai
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peishan Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Shourong Shen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
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36
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Sonpavde G, Pond GR, Plets M, Tangen CM, Hussain MHA, Lara PN, Goldkorn A, Garzotto MG, Mack PC, Higano CS, Vogelzang NJ, Thompson IM, Twardowski PW, Van Veldhuizen PJ, Agarwal N, Carducci MA, Monk JP, Quinn DI. Validation of the Association of RECIST Changes With Survival in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated on SWOG Study S0421. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:635-641. [PMID: 28579151 PMCID: PMC5734863 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phase 2 trials evaluating new agents for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have relied on bone scan and prostate-specific antigen changes to assess activity. Given the increasing detection of measurable disease, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) changes warrant consideration to evaluate activity. We validated the association of RECIST 1.0 changes with survival in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data for men with measurable disease from the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) S0421, a phase 3 trial in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel and prednisone plus placebo or atrasentan, were used. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the association of RECIST 1.0 outcomes within 120 days, ie, unconfirmed partial response (uPR), stable disease, and progressive disease (PD), with overall survival (OS) from day 120, adjusted for prognostic factors. RESULTS Overall, 326 men were evaluable for landmark analysis, of whom 23 had PD, 230 stable disease, and 73 uPR. OS beyond day 120 was significantly different (P = .004) among these subgroups, with median (95% confidence interval) OS of 7.1 (3.5-8.8), 13.4 (11.4-15.6), and 16.3 (10.0-19.6) months for those with PD, stable disease, and uPR, respectively. In a multivariable model, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for patients with PD was 2.47 (1.42-4.29) compared to patients with an uPR (P = .002). CONCLUSION The association of RECIST 1.0 changes with OS in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel was validated. Given limitations of bone scan and prostate-specific antigen alterations, improvements in objective RECIST 1.0 changes should be reported in phase 2 trials before launching phase 3 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amir Goldkorn
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian M Thompson
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David I Quinn
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
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A standardized herbal extract mitigates tumor inflammation and augments chemotherapy effect of docetaxel in prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15624. [PMID: 29142311 PMCID: PMC5688072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the NFκB pathway is often associated with advanced cancer and has thus been regarded as a rational therapeutic target. Wedelia chinensis is rich in luteolin, apigenin, and wedelolactone that act synergistically to suppress androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer. Interestingly, our evaluation of a standardized Wedelia chinensis herbal extract (WCE) concluded its efficacy on hormone-refractory prostate cancer through systemic mechanisms. Oral administration of WCE significantly attenuated tumor growth and metastasis in orthotopic PC-3 and DU145 xenografts. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of these tumors revealed that WCE suppressed the expression of IKKα/β phosphorylation and downstream cytokines/chemokines, e.g., IL6, CXCL1, and CXCL8. Through restraining the cytokines expression, WCE reduced tumor-elicited infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and endothelial cells into the tumors, therefore inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. In MDSCs, WCE also reduced STAT3 activation, downregulated S100A8 expression and prevented their expansion. Use of WCE in combination with docetaxel significantly suppressed docetaxel-induced NFκB activation, boosted the therapeutic effect and reduced the systemic toxicity caused by docetaxel monotherapy. These data suggest that a standardized preparation of Wedelia chinensis extract improved prostate cancer therapy through immunomodulation and has potential application as an adjuvant agent for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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38
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Fizazi K, Ulys A, Sengeløv L, Moe M, Ladoire S, Thiery-Vuillemin A, Flechon A, Guida A, Bellmunt J, Climent MA, Chowdhury S, Dumez H, Matouskova M, Penel N, Liutkauskiene S, Stachurski L, Sternberg CN, Baton F, Germann N, Daugaard G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of maintenance therapy with tasquinimod in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer responsive to or stabilized during first-line docetaxel chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2741-2746. [PMID: 29059273 PMCID: PMC6246397 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This phase II study was conducted to assess clinical efficacy of tasquinimod maintenance therapy in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer not progressing during first-line docetaxel-based therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to receive tasquinimod (0.25-1.0 mg/day orally) or placebo. The primary end point was radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS); secondary efficacy end points included: overall survival (OS); PFS on next-line therapy (PFS 2) and symptomatic PFS, assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) questionnaire and analgesic use. Quality of life was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) questionnaire and by the EuroQol-5 Dimension Quality of Life Instrument (EQ-5D). Adverse events were recorded. RESULTS A total of 219 patients were screened and 144 patients randomized. The median duration of treatment was 18.7 weeks (range 0.6-102.7 weeks) for the tasquinimod arm and 19.2 weeks (range 0.4-80.0 weeks) for the placebo arm. Median (90% CI) rPFS was 31.7 (24.3-53.7) and 22.7 (16.1-25.9) weeks in the tasquinimod and placebo arms, respectively [HR (90% CI) 0.6 (0.4-0.9), P = 0.0162]. The median OS was not reached because only 14 deaths occurred by the cut-off date. No statistically significant differences between treatment arms were noted for symptomatic PFS, PFS 2, BPI score, FACT-P score, or EQ-5D. The incidence of any treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) was similar in the tasquinimod and placebo arms (97.2% versus 94.3%, respectively), whereas severe TEAEs (NCI-CTC Grade 3-5) incidence was higher in the tasquinimod group (50.7% versus 27.1%). CONCLUSIONS Randomized trials testing new drugs as maintenance can be successfully conducted after chemotherapy in castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Maintenance tasquinimod therapy significantly reduced the risk of rPFS by 40%. CLINICALTRIALS gov identifier NCT01732549.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fizazi
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
| | - A Ulys
- National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - L Sengeløv
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev
| | - M Moe
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - S Ladoire
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon
| | | | - A Flechon
- Medicine, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - A Guida
- Department of Oncology & Hematology, Azienda University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - J Bellmunt
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, USA
| | - M A Climent
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Chowdhury
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - H Dumez
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven; KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - N Penel
- General Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - S Liutkauskiene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Hospital, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - C N Sternberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo and Forlanini Hospitals, Rome, Italy
| | - F Baton
- Ipsen Innovation, Les Ulis, France
| | | | - G Daugaard
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Escudier B, Faivre S, Van Cutsem E, Germann N, Pouget JC, Plummer R, Vergote I, Thistlethwaite F, Bjarnason GA, Jones R, Mackay H, Edeline J, Fartoux L, Hirte H, Oza A. A Phase II Multicentre, Open-Label, Proof-of-Concept Study of Tasquinimod in Hepatocellular, Ovarian, Renal Cell, and Gastric Cancers. Target Oncol 2017; 12:655-661. [PMID: 28798986 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tasquinimod is a small molecule with immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic properties that targets the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to obtain a clinical proof of concept that tasquinimod was active and tolerable in patients with advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS This early stopping design, open-label, proof-of-concept clinical trial evaluated the clinical activity of tasquinimod in four independent cohorts of patients with advanced hepatocellular (n = 53), ovarian (n = 55), renal cell (n = 38), and gastric (n = 21) cancers. Tasquinimod was given orally every day (0.5 mg/day for at least 2 weeks, with dose increase to 1 mg/day) until radiological progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) 1.1 criteria, intolerable toxicity, or patient withdrawal. The primary efficacy endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate according to RECIST 1.1 by central assessment. RESULTS Interim futility analyses at 8 weeks (6 weeks for the gastric cancer cohort) found adequate clinical activity of tasquinimod only in the hepatocellular cohort and recruitment to the other three cohorts was stopped. PFS rates were 26.9% at 16 weeks, 7.3% at 24 weeks, 13.2% at 16 weeks, and 9.5% at 12 weeks, respectively, in hepatocellular, ovarian, renal cell, and gastric cancer cohorts. The pre-defined PFS threshold was not reached in the hepatocellular cancer cohort at the second stage of the trial. The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (48.5%), nausea (34.1%), decreased appetite (31.7%), and vomiting (24.6%). CONCLUSIONS This study failed to demonstrate clinical activity of tasquinimod in heavily pre-treated patients with advanced hepatocellular, ovarian, renal cell, and gastric cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01743469.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Escudier
- Oncology Department, Gustave-Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France.
| | - Sandrine Faivre
- Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine (HUPVNS), Paris, France
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- University Hospitals Gasthuisberg and KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ruth Plummer
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ignace Vergote
- University Hospitals Gasthuisberg and KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Robert Jones
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen Mackay
- Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Hal Hirte
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Amit Oza
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Western countries. Prostate cancer-related death occurs in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Although several new drugs for castration-resistant prostate cancer have been approved, each of these has prolonged survival by just a few months. Consequently, new therapies are sorely needed. Recently, it has been recognized that immunotherapy is an effective treatment for prostate cancer patients. Several strategies, such as cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have been investigated in clinical studies for prostate cancer patients. In the present review, the results of the most recent clinical studies investigating immunotherapy in prostate cancer patients are reported, and the future clinical development of immunotherapy for prostate cancer is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Noguchi
- Clinical Research Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Noriko Koga
- Clinical Research Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Igawa
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kyogo Itoh
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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41
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Overcoming immunosuppression in bone metastases. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 117:114-127. [PMID: 28600175 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are present in up to 70% of advanced prostate and breast cancers and occur at significant rates in a variety of other cancers. Bone metastases can be associated with significant morbidity. The establishment of bone metastasis activates several immunosuppressive mechanisms. Hence, understanding the tumor-bone microenvironment is crucial to inform the development of novel therapies. This review describes the current standard of care for patients with bone metastatic disease and novel treatment options targeting the microenvironment. Treatments reviewed include immunotherapies, cryoablation, and targeted therapies. Combinatorial treatment strategies including targeted therapies and immunotherapies show promise in pre-clinical and clinical studies to overcome the suppressive environment and improve treatment of bone metastases.
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Sonpavde G, Madan A, Baker MK, May JE, Naik G, Bae S. Prevalence of Measurable Disease in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:534-539. [PMID: 28526418 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the low historical prevalence of measurable disease in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), phase II trials have used prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and bone scan changes as primary end points. Frequent whole-body imaging and improved computed tomography technology currently identify measurable disease more frequently, warranting consideration of objective response as a major end point. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from reported phase III trials of mCRPC were analyzed. The proportion of patients with measurable disease, setting (pre-docetaxel [D], D-based, post-D), year of starting accrual, PSA, and the requirement for symptoms were collected. The χ2 test was used to evaluate the association of variables with measurable disease rate. RESULTS Twenty phase III trials totaling 19,276 men with mCRPC were evaluable. Three trials (n = 1289) started accruing before 2000 and 17 trials (n = 17,987) accrued after 2000. The proportion of measurable disease rate for all trials was 47.5%. The measurable disease rate was significantly higher (P < .001) in trials that accrued after 2000 versus before 2000 (48.7% vs. 31.1%; P < .001), D-based (51.8%) or post-D patients (48.9%) compared with pre-D patients (38.6%) and in trials allowing symptomatic versus asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic patients (50.1% vs. 40.0%). CONCLUSION The proportion of men with measurable disease was significantly higher in phase III trials of mCRPC that accrued after 2000, in D-based or post-D patients and in trials that allowed symptomatic patients. Because of the association of objective measurable changes with survival, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors changes might warrant consideration as a major end point in phase II trials to obtain a firm signal of efficacy before launching phase III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Sonpavde
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL.
| | - Ankit Madan
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Mary K Baker
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jori E May
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gurudatta Naik
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sejong Bae
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
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González Del Alba A, Arranz JÁ, Puente J, Méndez-Vidal MJ, Gallardo E, Grande E, Pérez-Valderrama B, González-Billalabeitia E, Lázaro-Quintela M, Pinto Á, Lainez N, Piulats JM, Esteban E, Maroto Rey JP, García JA, Suárez C. Recent advances in genitourinary tumors: A review focused on biology and systemic treatment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 113:171-190. [PMID: 28427506 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Updated information published up to 2016 regarding major advances in renal cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer is here presented. Based on an ever better understanding of the genetic and molecular alterations that govern the initial pathogenic mechanisms of tumor oncogenesis, an improvement in the characterization and treatment of urologic tumors has been achieved in the past year. According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (ATLAS) project, alterations in the MET pathway are characteristics of type 1 papillary renal cell carcinomas, and activation of NRF2-ARE pathway is associated with the biologically distinct type 2. While sunitinib and pazopanib continue to be the standard first-line treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell histology, nivolumab and cabozantinib are now the agents of choice in the second-line setting. In relation to urothelial bladder carcinoma, new potential molecular targets such as FGFR3, PI3K/AKT, RTK/RAS, CDKN2A, ARIDIA, ERBB2 have been identified. Response to adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy appears to be related to basal, luminal, and p53-like intrinsic subtypes. A phase II study with eribulin and a maintenance phase II trial with vinflunine have shown promising results. Similarly, the use of the check point inhibitors in advanced disease is likely to revolutionize the management of patients who have progressed after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. In prostate cancer, seven mutually exclusive molecular subtypes have been identified by the TCGA project. Chemotherapy has been consolidated as a key treatment for castration-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer, and abiraterone, enzalutamide, cabazitaxel, and radium-223 remain standard therapeutic options for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. All this progress will undoubtedly contribute to the development of new treatments and therapeutic strategies that will improve the survival and quality of life of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Ángel Arranz
- Medical Oncology Department, Unit of Urological and Gynecological Tumors, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Puente
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Méndez-Vidal
- Oncology Department, Maimonides Institute of Medical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gallardo
- Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Grande
- Medical Oncology Department, GI, Endocrine and Translational Research Unit, Early Drug Development Unit-IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Álvaro Pinto
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Lainez
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep M Piulats
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Esteban
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jorge A García
- Hematology/Oncology and Urology Departments, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Cristina Suárez
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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44
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Maia MC, Hansen AR. A comprehensive review of immunotherapies in prostate cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 113:292-303. [PMID: 28427519 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm in men worldwide and the fifth cause of cancer-related death. Although multiple new agents have been approved for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer over the last decade, it is still an incurable disease. New strategies to improve cancer control are needed and agents targeting the immune system have shown encouraging results in many tumor types. Despite being attractive for immunotherapies due to the expression of various tumor associated antigens, the microenvironment in prostate cancer is relatively immunosuppressive and may be responsible for the failures of various agents targeting the immune system in this disease. To date, sipuleucel-T is the only immunotherapy that has shown significant clinical efficacy in this setting, although the high cost and potential trial flaws have precluded its widespread incorporation into clinical practice. Issues with patient selection and trial design may have contributed to the multiple failures of immunotherapy in prostate cancer and provides an opportunity to tailor future studies to evaluate these agents more accurately. We have reviewed all the completed immune therapy trials in prostate cancer and highlight important considerations for the next generation of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Caitano Maia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Av. Dr Arnaldo, 251, Cerqueira César, CEP 01246-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Cir#3172, Toronto, ON, Canada
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45
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Armstrong AJ, Humeniuk MS, Healy P, Szmulewitz R, Winters C, Kephart J, Harrison MR, Martinez E, Mundy K, Halabi S, George D. Phase Ib Trial of Cabazitaxel and Tasquinimod in Men With Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): The CATCH Trial. Prostate 2017; 77:385-395. [PMID: 27862097 PMCID: PMC6309626 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tasquinimod is an immunomodulating and anti-antiangiogenic oral agent with anti-prostate cancer activity in preclinical studies and in clinical trials of men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), including single agent activity and in combination with taxanes. We sought to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of tasquinimod in combination with cabazitaxel and prednisone in men with chemorefractory mCRPC. METHODS Men with mCRPC who had failed prior docetaxel chemotherapy received cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 every 3 weeks with oral tasquinimod at 1 of 3 escalating dose levels (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg once daily) with prednisone and PEG-filgastrim support, using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design. Treatment continued until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS We enrolled 25 men with chemorefractory mCRPC. The RP2D was 0.5 mg tasquinimod based on excess DLTs (two of three men) observed at dose level 3 (1.0 mg) including grade 3 sensory neuropathy and grade 3 atrial fibrillation. Dose level 2 was expanded to 14 men, where 3 DLTs were observed: grade 3 fatigue, grade 4 febrile neutropenia, and grade 3 liver function abnormalities. The proportion of men with a ≥30% PSA decline was 63% and the median composite progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.5 months (95% CI 4.2-16.4 months) based on 12 PFS events. The median number of cycles of cabazitaxel was 6 (range 1-13), with six men receiving >10 cycles. Best overall RECIST responses (CR + PR) were observed in three men (12%), with stable disease in 12 (48%). No pharmacokinetic interactions were observed. CONCLUSIONS We determined the RP2D of tasquinimod combined with cabazitaxel to be 0.5 mg daily following a 3 week lead-in of tasquinimod 0.25 mg with growth factor support. No unexpected toxicities occurred. Prostate 77: 385-395, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Armstrong
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Correspondence to: Andrew J. Armstrong, MD, ScM, FACP, Associate Professor of Medicine and Surgery, Associate Director for Clinical Research in Genitourinary Oncology, Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, DUMC Box 103861, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710.
| | - Michael S. Humeniuk
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patrick Healy
- Department of Biostatistics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Carolyn Winters
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Julie Kephart
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael R. Harrison
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Elia Martinez
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kelly Mundy
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Susan Halabi
- Department of Biostatistics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Daniel George
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
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Integration of Bone and Computed Tomography Scans to Assess Bone Metastasis in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2017; 15:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Oudard S, Thibault C, Angelergues A, Tartour E, Timsit MO, Mejean A, Michel C, Vano Y. Immunothérapie dans les cancers de la prostate. Bull Cancer 2017; 103 Suppl 1:S144-S150. [PMID: 28057178 DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(16)30372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
IMMUNOTHERAPY IN URO-ONCOLOGY Immunotherapy is moving forward in prostate cancer. The autologous vaccine, Sipuleucel-T has been the first vaccine to be approved by FDA. First results with GVAX, tasquinimob or anti-PD-1 have been disappointing. Ipilimumab seen to be more active at an earlier stage of prostate disease. Identifying predictive factor or surrogate markers of activity of immunotherapy and which agents are clinically effective alone or in combination with others therapies such as hormonal or bone targeted therapies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Oudard
- Service de cancérologie médicale, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, France; INSERM U970 PARCC université Paris-Descarte, Paris France.
| | - Constance Thibault
- Service de cancérologie médicale, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Angelergues
- Service de cancérologie médicale, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970 PARCC université Paris-Descarte, Paris France
| | - Marc Olivier Timsit
- Service d'urologie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Mejean
- Service d'urologie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Constance Michel
- Service de cancérologie médicale, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yann Vano
- Service de cancérologie médicale, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; CRC UMRS1138 EQ13, 15, rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
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48
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Rekoske BT, McNeel DG. Immunotherapy for prostate cancer: False promises or true hope? Cancer 2016; 122:3598-3607. [PMID: 27649312 PMCID: PMC5115970 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer-related death for men in the United States. Despite the approval of several new agents for advanced disease, each of these has prolonged survival by only a few months. Consequently, new therapies are sorely needed. For other cancer types, immunotherapy has demonstrated dramatic and durable treatment responses, causing many to hope that immunotherapies might provide an ideal treatment approach for patients with advanced prostate cancer. However, apart from sipuleucel-T, prostate cancer has been conspicuously absent from the list of malignancies for which immunotherapies have received recent approval from the US Food and Drug Administration. This has left some wondering whether immunotherapy will "work" for this disease. In this review, the authors describe current developments in immunotherapy, including approaches to engage tumor-targeting T cells, disrupt immune regulation, and alter the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The authors then describe the recent application of these approaches to the treatment of prostate cancer. Given the Food and Drug Administration approval of 1 agent, and the finding that several others are in advanced stages of clinical testing, the authors believe that immunotherapies offer real hope to improve patient outcomes for men with prostate cancer, especially as investigators begin to explore rational combinations of immunotherapies and combine these therapies with other conventional therapies. Cancer 2016;122:3598-607. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Rekoske
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Douglas G. McNeel
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
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Fang WY, Chen YW, Hsiao JR, Liu CS, Kuo YZ, Wang YC, Chang KC, Tsai ST, Chang MZ, Lin SH, Wu LW. Elevated S100A9 expression in tumor stroma functions as an early recurrence marker for early-stage oral cancer patients through increased tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, macrophage recruitment and interleukin-6 production. Oncotarget 2016; 6:28401-24. [PMID: 26315114 PMCID: PMC4695068 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A9 is a calcium-binding protein with two EF-hands and frequently deregulated in several cancer types, however, with no clear role in oral cancer. In this report, the expression of S100A9 in cancer and adjacent tissues from 79 early-stage oral cancer patients was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Although S100A9 protein was present in both tumor and stromal cells, only the early-stage oral cancer patients with high stromal expression had reduced recurrence-free survival. High stromal S100A9 expression was also significantly associated with non-well differentiation and recurrence. In addition to increasing cell migration and invasion, ectopic S100A9 expression in tumor cells promoted xenograft tumorigenesis as well as the dominant expression of myeloid cell markers and pro-inflammatory IL-6. The expression of S100A9 in one stromal component, monocytes, stimulated the aggressiveness of co-cultured oral cancer cells. We also detected the elevation of serum S100A9 levels in early-stage oral cancer patients of a separate cohort of 73 oral cancer patients. The release of S100A9 protein into extracellular milieu enhanced tumor cell invasion, transendothelial monocyte migration and angiogenic activity. S100A9-mediated release of IL-6 requires the crosstalk of tumor cells with monocytes through the activation of NF-κB and STAT-3. Early-stage oral cancer patients with both high S100A9 expression and high CD68+ immune infiltrates in stroma had shortest recurrence-free survival, suggesting the use of both S100A9 and CD68 as poor prognostic markers for oral cancer. Together, both intracellular and extracellular S100A9 exerts a tumor-promoting action through the activation of oral cancer cells and their associated stroma in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Fang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiang-Shin Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Zih Kuo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kung-Chao Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Zhu Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Siao-Han Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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