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Maleki F, Razmi H, Rashidi MR, Yousefi M, Ramezani S, Ghorbani M. Electrospun EU/HPMC nanofibers decorated by ZIF-8 nanoparticle as the advanced electrochemical biosensor modifier for sensitive and selective detection of c-MET cancer biomarker in human plasma sample. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116319. [PMID: 38669845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This research presents a selective and sensitive electrochemical biosensor for the detection of the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET). The biosensing is based on a modification of the SPCE (screen-printed carbon electrode) with the electrospun nanofiber containing eudragit (EU), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and Zeolite imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) nanoparticles. EU/HPMC/ZIF-8 nanofibers have presented a high capability of electron transfer, and more active surface area than bare SPCE due to synergistic effects between EU, HPMC, and ZIF-8. On the other hand, EU/HPMC nanofibers provided high porosity, flexible structures, high specific surface area, and good mechanical strength. The presence of ZIF-8 nanoparticles improved the immobilization of anti-c-MET on the modified SPCE and also resulted in increasing the conductivity. By c-MET incubation on the modified SPCE, c-MET was connected to anti-c-MET, and consequently the electrochemical signal of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as the anion redox probe was reduced. In order to investigate the structural and morphological characteristics and elemental composition of electrospun nanofibers, various characterization methods including FE-SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDS were used. Under optimum conditions with a working potential range -0.3-0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), linear range (LR), correlation coefficient (R2), sensitivity, and limit of detection (LOD) were acquired at 100 fg/mL-100 ng/mL, 0.9985, 53.28 μA/cm2.dec, and 1.28 fg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the mentioned biosensor was investigated in a human plasma sample to determine c-MET and showed ideal results including reproducibility, stability, and good selectivity against other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soghra Ramezani
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia 5716693188, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box:14965/115, Tehran, Iran.
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Qin Y, Han S, Yu Y, Qi D, Ran M, Yang M, Liu Y, Li Y, Lu L, Liu Y, Li Y. Lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma: Resistance mechanisms and strategies for improved efficacy. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 38700443 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most prevalent and destructive causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, approximately 70% of patients with HCC exhibit advanced disease at diagnosis, limiting the potential for radical treatment. For such patients, lenvatinib, a long-awaited alternative to sorafenib for first-line targeted therapy, has become a key treatment. Unfortunately, despite some progress, the prognosis for advanced HCC remains poor because of drug resistance development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying lenvatinib resistance and ways to relief drug resistance in HCC are largely unknown and lack of systematic summary; thus, this review not only aims to explore factors contributing to lenvatinib resistance in HCC, but more importantly, summary potential methods to conquer or mitigate the resistance. The results suggest that abnormal activation of pathways, drug transport, epigenetics, tumour microenvironment, cancer stem cells, regulated cell death, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and other mechanisms are involved in the development of lenvatinib resistance in HCC and subsequent HCC progression. To improve the therapeutic outcomes of lenvatinib, inhibiting acquired resistance, combined therapies, and nano-delivery carriers may be possible approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Shisong Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yahan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengnan Ran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mingqi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Gu Y, Wang Z, Wang Y. Bispecific antibody drug conjugates: Making 1+1>2. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1965-1986. [PMID: 38799638 PMCID: PMC11119582 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibody‒drug conjugates (BsADCs) represent an innovative therapeutic category amalgamating the merits of antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). Positioned as the next-generation ADC approach, BsADCs hold promise for ameliorating extant clinical challenges associated with ADCs, particularly pertaining to issues such as poor internalization, off-target toxicity, and drug resistance. Presently, ten BsADCs are undergoing clinical trials, and initial findings underscore the imperative for ongoing refinement. This review initially delves into specific design considerations for BsADCs, encompassing target selection, antibody formats, and the linker-payload complex. Subsequent sections delineate the extant progress and challenges encountered by BsADCs, illustrated through pertinent case studies. The amalgamation of BsAbs with ADCs offers a prospective solution to prevailing clinical limitations of ADCs. Nevertheless, the symbiotic interplay among BsAb, linker, and payload necessitates further optimizations and coordination beyond a simplistic "1 + 1" to effectively surmount the extant challenges facing the BsADC domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Gu
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhijia Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu 610212, China
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Mer AH, Mirzaei Y, Misamogooe F, Bagheri N, Bazyari A, Keshtkaran Z, Meyfour A, Shahedi A, Amirkhani Z, Jafari A, Barpour N, Jahandideh S, Rezaei B, Nikmanesh Y, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M. Progress of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting c-Met in cancer therapy; insights from clinical and preclinical studies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01564-3. [PMID: 38597995 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The cell-surface receptor tyrosine kinase c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) is overexpressed in a wide range of solid tumors, making it an appropriate target antigen for the development of anticancer therapeutics. Various antitumor c-Met-targeting therapies (including monoclonal antibodies [mAbs] and tyrosine kinases) have been developed for the treatment of c-Met-overexpressing tumors, most of which have so far failed to enter the clinic because of their efficacy and complications. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), a new emerging class of cancer therapeutic agents that harness the target specificity of mAbs to deliver highly potent small molecules to the tumor with the minimal damage to normal cells, could be an attractive therapeutic approach to circumvent these limitations in patients with c-Met-overexpressing tumors. Of great note, there are currently nine c-Met-targeting ADCs being examined in different phases of clinical studies as well as eight preclinical studies for treating various solid tumors. The purpose of this study is to present a broad overview of clinical- and preclinical-stage c-Met-targeting ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hussein Mer
- Department of Nursing, Mergasour Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Yousef Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Fatemeh Misamogooe
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, 8813733450, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bazyari
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Keshtkaran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahedi
- Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Zahra Amirkhani
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Barpour
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Jahandideh
- Department of Research and Development, Orchidgene Co, Tehran, 1387837584, Iran
| | - Behzad Rezaei
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars Province, Iran
| | - Yousef Nikmanesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Favorito V, Ricciotti I, De Giglio A, Fabbri L, Seminerio R, Di Federico A, Gariazzo E, Costabile S, Metro G. Non-small cell lung cancer: an update on emerging EGFR-targeted therapies. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38572595 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2331139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current research in EGFR-mutated NSCLC focuses on the management of drug resistance and uncommon mutations, as well as on the opportunity to extend targeted therapies' field of action to earlier stages of disease. AREAS COVERED We conducted a review analyzing literature from the PubMed database with the aim to describe the current state of art in the management of EGFR-mutated NSCLC, but also to explore new strategies under investigation. To this purpose, we collected recruiting phase II-III trials registered on Clinicaltrials.govand conducted on EGFR-mutated NSCLC both in early and advanced stage. EXPERT OPINION With this review, we want to provide an exhaustive overview of current and new potential treatments in EGFR-mutated NSCLC, with emphasis on the most promising newly investigated strategies, such as association therapies in the first-line setting involving EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy (FLAURA2) or drugs targeting different driver pathways (MARIPOSA). We also aimed at unearthing challenges to achieve in this field, specifically the need to fully exploit already available compounds while developing new ones, the management of new emerging toxicities and the necessity to improve our biological understanding of the disease to design trials with a solid scientific rationale and to allow treatment personalization such in case of uncommon mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Favorito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ricciotti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea De Giglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Fabbri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renata Seminerio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Federico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gariazzo
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Costabile
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Metro
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Chagas GCL, Rangel AR, El Osta B. MET alterations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 49:101075. [PMID: 38480027 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Precision medicine has helped identify several tumor molecular aberrations to be treated with targeted therapies. These therapies showed substantial improvement in efficacy without excessive toxicity in patients with specific oncogenic drivers with advanced cancers. In metastatic lung cancers, the implementation of broad platforms for molecular tumor sequencing has helped oncology providers identify oncogenic drivers linked with better outcomes when treated upfront with targeted therapies. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) alterations are present in up to 60% of non-small cell lung cancer and are associated with a poor prognosis. Capmatinib and tepotinib are currently the only two approved targeted therapies by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation. Several agents are being developed to tackle an unmet need in patients with MET alterations. Some of these agents are being used in combination with EGFR targeted therapy to mitigate resistance to EGFR inhibitor. These agents are poised to provide new hope for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Costa Mendes, 1608. 4(o) andar. Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro Rangel
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Costa Mendes, 1608. 4(o) andar. Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, CE 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Badi El Osta
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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7
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Chen X, Zeng C. Pioneering the Way: The Revolutionary Potential of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in NSCLC. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:556-584. [PMID: 38520605 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-024-01196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Despite targeted therapy and immunotherapy being recognized as established frontline treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the unavoidable development of resistance and disease progression poses ongoing challenges. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) offer a potent treatment option for NSCLC through the specific delivery of cytotoxic agents to tumor cells that display distinct antigens. This review delves into the latest evidence regarding promising ADC agents for NSCLC, focusing on their targets, effectiveness, and safety assessments. Additionally, our study provides insights into managing toxicities, identifying biomarkers, devising methods to counter resistance mechanisms, tackling prevailing challenges, and outlining prospects for the clinical implementation of these innovative ADCs and combination regimens in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiehui Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Changchun Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
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8
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Roper N, El Meskini R, Maity T, Atkinson D, Day A, Pate N, Cultraro CM, Pack S, Zgonc V, Weaver Ohler Z, Guha U. Functional Heterogeneity in MET Pathway Activation in PDX Models of Osimertinib-resistant EGFR-driven Lung Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:337-348. [PMID: 38276867 PMCID: PMC10851855 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
MET pathway activation is one of the most common mechanisms of resistance to osimertinib in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We previously demonstrated spatial and temporal heterogeneity in MET pathway activation upon osimertinib resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC; however, the functional relevance of these findings is unclear. Here, we generated 19 patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from 9 patients with multi-region and temporal sampling of osimertinib-resistant tumor tissue from patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC. MET pathway activation was a putative mechanism of osimertinib resistance in 66% (n = 6/9) patients from whom PDXs were generated. Significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in MET pathway activation was evident. Osimertinib-resistant PDXs with MET amplification by FISH (defined as MET/CEP7 ratio ≥2.0 or mean MET ≥ 6.0 copies/cell) and high-level phospho-MET, but not c-MET expression, had better responses to osimertinib and savolitinib combination than to osimertinib alone. MET polysomy tumors by FISH from both PDXs and patients had evidence of subclonal phospho-MET expression. Select MET polysomy PDX tumors with phospho-MET expression responded better to osimertinib and savolitinib combination than MET polysomy PDX tumors without phospho-MET expression. Our results suggest osimertinib and savolitinib combination is most effective for osimertinib-resistant EGFR-mutant tumors with MET pathway activation as evidenced by phospho-MET. As subclonal MET amplification may be evident in MET polysomy tumor progression, MET polysomy warrants close clinical follow-up with phospho-MET IHC in parallel with FISH diagnostic. SIGNIFICANCE Using a novel cohort of in vivo PDX models of MET pathway activation with acquired resistance to osimertinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, we demonstrate that phospho-MET may be a clinically relevant assay to guide treatment selection with osimertinib and savolitinib combination. In addition, our work shows that patients with MET polysomy tumors may have subclonal MET amplification and therefore require close follow up for the use of osimertinib and savolitinib combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Roper
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rajaa El Meskini
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Tapan Maity
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Devon Atkinson
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Amanda Day
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nathan Pate
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Constance M. Cultraro
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Svetlana Pack
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Valerie Zgonc
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zoe Weaver Ohler
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Udayan Guha
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
- NextCure Inc., Beltsville, Maryland
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9
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Remon J, Saw SPL, Cortiula F, Singh PK, Menis J, Mountzios G, Hendriks LEL. Perioperative Treatment Strategies in EGFR-Mutant Early-Stage NSCLC: Current Evidence and Future Challenges. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:199-215. [PMID: 37783386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.09.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with 3 years of adjuvant osimertinib is considered a new standard in patients with completely resected stage I to IIIA NSCLC harboring a common sensitizing EGFR mutation. This therapeutic approach significantly prolonged the disease-free survival and the overall survival versus placebo and revealed a significant role in preventing the occurrence of brain metastases. However, many unanswered questions remain, including the optimal duration of this therapy, whether all patients benefit from adjuvant osimertinib, and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in this population. Indeed, there is a renewed interest in neoadjuvant strategies with targeted therapies in resectable NSCLC harboring oncogenic drivers. In light of these considerations, we discuss the past and current treatment options, and the clinical challenges that should be addressed to optimize the treatment outcomes in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Remon
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Stephanie P L Saw
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Duke-National University of Singapore Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Singapore
| | | | - Pawan Kumar Singh
- Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Rothak, India
| | - Jessica Menis
- Medical Oncology Department, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giannis Mountzios
- Fourth Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Trials Unit, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Lizza E L Hendriks
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Han Y, Yu Y, Miao D, Zhou M, Zhao J, Shao Z, Jin R, Le X, Li W, Xia Y. Targeting MET in NSCLC: An Ever-Expanding Territory. JTO Clin Res Rep 2024; 5:100630. [PMID: 38361739 PMCID: PMC10867448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2023.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
MET protooncogene (MET) alterations are known driver oncogenes in NSCLC. Since the identification of MET as a potential therapeutic target, extensive clinical trials have been performed. As a result, MET-targeted therapies, including MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and MET antibody-drug conjugates now play important roles in the standard treatment of MET-altered NSCLC; they have considerably improved the outcomes of patients with tumors that harbor MET oncogenic drivers. Although clinical agents are currently available and numerous other options are in development, particular challenges in the field require attention. For example, the therapeutic efficacy of each drug remains unsatisfactory, and concomitantly, the resistance mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, there is an urgent need for optimal drug sequencing and combinations, along with a thorough understanding of treatment resistance. In this review, we describe the current landscape of pertinent clinical trials focusing on MET-targeted strategies and discuss future developmental directions in this rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Miao
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhehua Shao
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuning Le
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wang L, Fan D, Ruan W, Huang X, Zhu W, Tu Y, Zheng P. T6496 targeting EGFR mediated by T790M or C797S mutant: machine learning, virtual screening and bioactivity evaluation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38174383 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2300756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to EGFR is a major impediment in lung cancer treatment, highlighting the urgent need to discover novel compounds to overcome EGFR drug resistance. In this study, we utilized in silico methods and bioactivity evaluation for drug discovery to identify novel active anticancer agents targeting EGFRT790M/L858R and EGFRT790M/C797S/L858R. Firstly, we employed ROC-guided machine learning to retrieve nearly 7,765 compounds from a collection of three libraries (comprising over 220,000 compounds). Next, virtual screening, cluster analysis, and binding model analysis were employed to identify six potential compounds. Additionally, the kinase assay revealed that these six compounds demonstrated higher sensitivity to EGFR than c-Met. Among these compounds, T6496 inhibited both EGFRT790M/L858R and EGFRT790M/C797S/L858R kinases, with an IC50 of 3.30 and 8.72 μM. Furthermore, we evaluated the antitumor effects of the six selected compounds, and compound T6496 exhibited the strongest anticancer activity against H1975 cell lines, with an IC50 value of 2.7 μM. These results suggest that T6496 may mitigate EGFR resistance caused by T790M or C797S mutations. Moreover, the AO staining assay, JC-1 staining, ROS experiment and hemolytic toxicity evaluation revealed that T6496 could induce apoptosis in H1975 cell lines in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner, and is a potential compound for further structural optimization.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dang Fan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Ruan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanbiao Tu
- Cancer Research Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Pengwu Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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12
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Razzaq A, Disoma C, Zhou Y, Tao S, Chen Z, Liu S, Zheng R, Zhang Y, Liao Y, Chen X, Liu S, Dong Z, Xu L, Deng X, Li S, Xia Z. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signalling pathway: A promising therapeutic option for COVID-19. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2500. [PMID: 38126937 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is continuously producing new variants, necessitating effective therapeutics. Patients are not only confronted by the immediate symptoms of infection but also by the long-term health issues linked to long COVID-19. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling during SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes virus propagation, mucus hyperproduction, and pulmonary fibrosis, and suppresses the host's antiviral response. Over the long term, EGFR activation in COVID-19, particularly in COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis, may be linked to the development of lung cancer. In this review, we have summarised the significance of EGFR signalling in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also discussed the targeting of EGFR signalling as a promising strategy for COVID-19 treatment and highlighted erlotinib as a superior option among EGFR inhibitors. Erlotinib effectively blocks EGFR and AAK1, thereby preventing SARS-CoV-2 replication, reducing mucus hyperproduction, TNF-α expression, and enhancing the host's antiviral response. Nevertheless, to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of erlotinib, relevant clinical trials involving an appropriate patient population should be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroona Razzaq
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cyrollah Disoma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Mindanao State University, Marawi City, Philippines
| | - Yuzheng Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyi Tao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongpeng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sixu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujie Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zijun Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangtao Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanni Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zanxian Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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13
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Liu X, Deng J, Zhang R, Xing J, Wu Y, Chen W, Liang B, Xing D, Xu J, Zhang M. The clinical development of antibody-drug conjugates for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1335252. [PMID: 38162667 PMCID: PMC10755013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1335252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the emergence of molecular targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors as standard first-line treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), their efficacy in some patients is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), a revolutionary class of antitumor drugs, have displayed promising clinical outcomes in cancer treatment. In 2022, trastuzumab deruxtecan (Enhertu) was approved for treating HER2-mutated NSCLC, thereby underscoring the clinical value of ADCs in NSCLC treatment strategies. An increasing number of ADCs, focusing on NSCLC, are undergoing clinical trials, potentially positioning them as future treatment options. In this review, we encapsulate recent advancements in the clinical research of novel ADCs for treating NSCLC. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and associated limitations of these ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Junwen Deng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiyao Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
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[Chinese Expert Consensus on the Clinical Practice of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Fusion Gene Detection Based on RNA-based NGS]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2023; 26:801-812. [PMID: 37985137 PMCID: PMC10714047 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2023.102.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been recommended as a method for detecting fusion genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus. The primary targetable alterations in NSCLC consist of gene mutations and fusions, making the detection of gene mutations and fusions indispensable for assessing the feasibility of targeted therapies. Currently, the integration of DNA-based NGS and RNA-based NGS allows for simultaneous detection of gene mutations and fusions and has been partially implemented in clinical practice. However, standardized guidelines and criteria for the significance, application scenarios, and quality control of RNA-based NGS in fusion gene detection are still lacking in China. This consensus aims to provide further clarity on the practical significance, application scenarios, and quality control measures of RNA-based NGS in fusion gene detection. Additionally, it offers guiding recommendations to facilitate the clinical implementation of RNA-based NGS in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC, ultimately maximizing the benefits for patients from fusion gene detection.
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Hirakawa T, Doi M, Hamai K, Katsura R, Miyake S, Fujita S, Ueno S, Masuda K, Tanimoto T, Nishisaka T, Hinoi T, Hirasawa A, Ishikawa N. Comprehensive genomic profiling of Japanese patients with thoracic malignancies: A single-center retrospective study. Respir Investig 2023; 61:746-754. [PMID: 37714093 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have been conducted on comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) panels in Japanese patients with thoracic malignancies after completing standard treatment. Consequently, its value in clinical practice remains unclear. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of Japanese patients with thoracic malignancies who underwent CGP between June 2019 and November 2022 at our hospital. We evaluated the detection rate of actionable genetic alterations and percentage of patients who received genomically-matched therapy. Furthermore, we examined the value of the CGP panel in patients who underwent multiplex gene-panel testing prior to their initial treatment. This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. RESULTS The study included 56 patients, of whom 47 (83.9%) had actionable genetic alterations and 8 (14.3%) received genomically-matched therapy. Of these, four patients were treated with approved drugs and three patients were treated with investigational agents. In addition, one patient was treated with approved drugs using the patient-directed care system. Of the 17 patients who had multiplex gene-panel testing performed at the start of their initial therapy, two (11.8%) were newly identified by the CGP panel and subsequently received genomically-matched therapy. EGFR L718Q and MET amplification were observed in two of the seven patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. CONCLUSIONS The CGP panel could identify genetic alterations, thereby facilitating genomically-matched therapy, even in patients with thoracic malignancies who could not be identified using multiplex gene-panel testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Hirakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Mihoko Doi
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hamai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23 Hirahara, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 7220018, Japan
| | - Ryo Katsura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Shinya Miyake
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Suguru Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ueno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Ken Masuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Takuya Tanimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishisaka
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan
| | - Takao Hinoi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348551, Japan
| | - Akira Hirasawa
- Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 7008558, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Ishikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 7348530, Japan.
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16
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Spitaleri G, Trillo Aliaga P, Attili I, Del Signore E, Corvaja C, Corti C, Uliano J, Passaro A, de Marinis F. MET in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Cross 'a Long and Winding Road' Looking for a Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4779. [PMID: 37835473 PMCID: PMC10571577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) can harbour different MET alterations, such as MET overexpression (MET OE), MET gene amplification (MET AMP), or MET gene mutations. Retrospective studies of surgical series of patients with MET-dysregulated NSCLC have shown worse clinical outcomes irrespective of the type of specific MET gene alteration. On the other hand, earlier attempts failed to identify the 'druggable' molecular gene driver until the discovery of MET exon 14 skipping mutations (METex14). METex14 are rare and amount to around 3% of all NSCLCs. Patients with METex14 NSCLC attain modest results when they are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). New selective MET inhibitors (MET-Is) showed a long-lasting clinical benefit in patients with METex14 NSCLC and modest activity in patients with MET AMP NSCLC. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating new small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, or antibodies drug conjugate (ADCs). This review focuses on the prognostic role of MET, the summary of pivotal clinical trials of selective MET-Is with a focus on resistance mechanisms. The last section is addressed to future developments and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Spitaleri
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Pamela Trillo Aliaga
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ester Del Signore
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Carla Corvaja
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Uliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
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Kumaki Y, Oda G, Ikeda S. Targeting MET Amplification: Opportunities and Obstacles in Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4552. [PMID: 37760522 PMCID: PMC10526812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The MET gene plays a vital role in cellular proliferation, earning it recognition as a principal oncogene. Therapies that target MET amplification have demonstrated promising results both in preclinical models and in specific clinical cases. A significant obstacle to these therapies is the ability to distinguish between focal amplification and polysomy, a task for which simple MET copy number measurement proves insufficient. To effectively differentiate between the two, it is crucial to utilize comparative measures, including in situ hybridization (ISH) with the centromere or next generation sequencing (NGS) with adjacent genes. Despite the promising potential of MET amplification treatment, the judicious selection of patients is paramount to maximize therapeutic efficacy. The effectiveness of MET inhibitors can fluctuate depending on the extent of MET amplification. Future research must seek to establish the ideal threshold value for MET amplification, identify the most efficacious combination therapies, and innovate new targeted treatments for patients exhibiting MET amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kumaki
- Department of Specialized Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
| | - Goshi Oda
- Department of Specialized Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
| | - Sadakatsu Ikeda
- Center for Innovative Cancer Treatment, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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18
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Li YS, Jie GL, Wu YL. Novel systemic therapies in the management of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-pretreated patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231193726. [PMID: 37667782 PMCID: PMC10475243 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231193726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the standard first-line option for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring active EGFR mutations. The overall survival of patients with advanced NSCLC has improved dramatically with the development of comprehensive genetic profiles and targeted therapies. However, resistance inevitably occurs, leading to disease progression after approximately 10-18 months of EGFR-TKI treatment. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for patients who have experienced disease progression while undergoing EGFR-TKI treatment, but its efficacy is limited. The management of extensively pretreated patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC is becoming increasingly concerning. New agents have shown encouraging efficacy in clinical trials for this patient population, including fourth-generation EGFR-TKIs, EGFR-TKIs combined with counterpart targeted drugs, and novel agents such as antibody-drug conjugates. We review current efforts to manage extensively pretreated patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Si Li
- School of Medicine, South ChinaUniversity of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Ling Jie
- School of Medicine, South ChinaUniversity of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Kujtan L, Subramanian J. Telisotuzumab vedotin with erlotinib in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: a well MET combination? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:1826-1829. [PMID: 37691875 PMCID: PMC10483073 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Kujtan
- Richard and Annette Bloch Cancer Center, University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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20
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Fukuda A, Yoshida T. Treatment of advanced ALK-rearranged NSCLC following second-generation ALK-TKI failure. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:1157-1167. [PMID: 37772744 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2265566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement is detected in approximately 3-5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting ALK rearrangement (ALK-TKIs) have shown significant efficacy and improved the survival of patients with NSCLC exhibiting ALK rearrangement. However, almost all patients exhibit disease progression during TKI therapy owing to resistance acquired through various molecular mechanisms, including both ALK-dependent and ALK-independent. AREAS COVERED Here, we review the mechanisms underlying resistance to second-generation ALK-TKIs, and the clinical management strategies following resistance in patients with ALK rearrangement-positive NSCLC. EXPERT OPINION Treatment strategies following the failure of second-generation ALK-TKIs failure should be based on resistant mechanisms. For patients with ALK mutations who exhibit resistance to second-generation ALK-TKIs, lorlatinib is the primary treatment option. However, the identification of resistance profiles of second-generation ALK-TKIs can aid in the selection of an appropriate treatment strategy. In cases of ALK-dependent resistance mutations, lorlatinib could be the first choice as it exhibits the broadest coverage of mutations that lead to resistance against second-generation ALK-TKIs, such as G1202R, and L1196M. In cases of no resistance mutations, atezolizumab, bevacizumab, and platinum-based chemotherapy could be the alternative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Fukuda
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Reyes A, Pharaon R, Mohanty A, Massarelli E. Arising Novel Agents in Lung Cancer: Are Bispecifics and ADCs the New Paradigm? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3162. [PMID: 37370772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers with the highest mortality. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contributes to around 85% of lung cancer diagnoses (vs. 15% for small cell lung cancer). The treatment of NSCLC has vastly changed in the last two decades since the development of immunotherapy and targeted therapy against driver mutations. As is the nature of malignancy, cancer cells have acquired resistance to these treatments prompting an investigation into novel treatments and new targets. Bispecific antibodies, capable of targeting multiple substrates at once, and antibody-drug conjugates that can preferentially deliver chemotherapy to tumor cells are examples of this innovation. From our initial evaluation, both treatment modalities appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Reyes
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 910102, USA
| | - Rebecca Pharaon
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 910102, USA
| | - Atish Mohanty
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 910102, USA
| | - Erminia Massarelli
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 910102, USA
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Feldt SL, Bestvina CM. The Role of MET in Resistance to EGFR Inhibition in NSCLC: A Review of Mechanisms and Treatment Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112998. [PMID: 37296959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilizing targeted therapy against activating mutations has opened a new era of treatment paradigms for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For patients with epidermal growth factor (EGFR)-mutated cancers, EGFR inhibitors, including the third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib, significantly prolong progression-free survival and overall survival, and are the current standard of care. However, progression after EGFR inhibition invariably occurs, and further study has helped elucidate mechanisms of resistance. Abnormalities in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) oncogenic pathway have been implicated as common alterations after progression, with MET amplification as one of the most frequent mechanisms. Multiple drugs with inhibitory activity against MET, including TKIs, antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates, have been developed and studied in advanced NSCLC. Combining MET and EGFR is a promising treatment strategy for patients found to have a MET-driven resistance mechanism. Combination TKI therapy and EGFR-MET bispecific antibodies have shown promising anti-tumor activity in early clinical trials. Future study including ongoing large-scale trials of combination EGFR-MET inhibition will help clarify if targeting this mechanism behind EGFR resistance will have meaningful clinical benefit for patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Feldt
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Passaro A, Jänne PA, Peters S. Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Lung Cancer: Recent Advances and Implementing Strategies. J Clin Oncol 2023:JCO2300013. [PMID: 37224424 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one of the fastest-growing oncology therapeutics, merging the cytotoxic effect of conjugated payload with the high specific ability and selectivity of monoclonal antibody targeted on a specific cancer cell membrane antigen. The main targets for ADC development are antigens commonly expressed by lung cancer cells, but not in normal tissues. They include human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3, trophoblast cell surface antigen 2, c-MET, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5, and B7-H3, each with one or more specific ADCs that showed encouraging results in the lung cancer field, more in non-small-cell lung cancer than in small-cell lung cancer histology. To date, multiple ADCs are under evaluation, alone or in combination with different molecules (eg, chemotherapy agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors), and the optimal strategy for selecting patients who may benefit from the treatment is evolving, including an improvement of biomarker understanding, involving markers of resistance or response to the payload, besides the antibody target. In this review, we discuss the available evidence and future perspectives on ADCs for lung cancer treatment, including a comprehensive discussion on structure-based drug design, mechanism of action, and resistance concepts. Data were summarized by specific target antigen, biology, efficacy, and safety, differing among ADCs according to the ADC payload and their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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MET Amplification as a Resistance Driver to TKI Therapies in Lung Cancer: Clinical Challenges and Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030612. [PMID: 36765572 PMCID: PMC9913224 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy has emerged as an important pillar for the standard of care in oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which significantly improved outcomes of patients whose tumors harbor oncogenic driver mutations. However, tumors eventually develop resistance to targeted drugs, and mechanisms of resistance can be diverse. MET amplification has been proven to be a driver of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-treated advanced NSCLC with its activation of EGFR, ALK, RET, and ROS-1 alterations. The combined therapy of MET-TKIs and EGFR-TKIs has shown outstanding clinical efficacy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC with secondary MET amplification-mediated resistance in a series of clinical trials. In this review, we aimed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of MET amplification-mediated resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, discuss the ways and challenges in the detection and diagnosis of MET amplifications in patients with metastatic NSCLC, and summarize the recently published clinical data as well as ongoing trials of new combination strategies to overcome MET amplification-mediated TKI resistance.
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