1
|
Gillette E, Nyandiko W, Chory A, Scanlon M, Aluoch J, Koros H, Ashimosi C, Biegon W, Munyoro D, Lidweye J, Nyagaya J, DeLong A, Kantor R, Vreeman R, Naanyu V. Risks and benefits of engaging youth living with HIV in research: perspectives from Kenyan Youth, caregivers, and subject matter experts. BMC Med Ethics 2025; 26:63. [PMID: 40375234 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-025-01225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/18/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involving children and adolescents (youth) living with HIV (YLWH) in research is critical for developing appropriate HIV care services and interventions. However, this vulnerable population may not adequately weigh risks against benefits when participating in research, forming an ethical concern, yet little is known about how YLWH perceive these risks and benefits. To inform research-related policies and procedures, we sought perspectives of Kenyan YLWH, their caregivers and subject matter experts (SMEs) on risks and benefits of participation in research in a setting with a high burden of youth HIV infection. METHODS We conducted a qualitative inquiry on identifying, enrolling, and protecting YLWH (age 10-24 years) in research using semi-structured interviews with YLWH involved in research, their caregivers, YLWH with no prior research experience, and other SMEs at the AMPATH care and research sites in western Kenya. Transcripts were thematically analyzed and emerging themes derived to characterize perspectives of each group on risks and benefits of engaging YLWH in research. RESULTS Interviews were conducted with 40 YLWH (50% female; median age 17.5 years), 20 caregivers (70% female), and 39 SMEs [healthcare providers (N = 10), community leaders (N = 10) community advisory board members (N = 4), IRB experts (N = 5), clinical researchers (N = 6), social science researchers (N = 4) and laboratory experts (N = 1).] Participants in all groups identified accidental disclosure of HIV status, stigma and discrimination, risks of blood draws, mental health effects, and coercion due to study compensation as risks of research involvement. Benefits fell into 5 categories: clinical, informational, personal, future and community or household benefits. Benefits included access to health care, learning about HIV, gaining hope and community, improving HIV care, and reducing stigma. All participant groups largely held similar views; however, caregivers were the only group to identify misuse of study compensation as a risk, and YLWH less frequently cited clinical benefits. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that participants commonly cite indirect risks and benefits of research participation, yet these are often excluded from institutional guidelines for consent documentation. Researchers should consider including indirect risks and benefits, such as the risk of stigma or the benefit of gaining knowledge and community, to study documentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gillette
- Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Winstone Nyandiko
- College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Ashley Chory
- Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Scanlon
- Indiana University Center for Global Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Josephine Aluoch
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Hillary Koros
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Whitney Biegon
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Dennis Munyoro
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Janet Lidweye
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Jack Nyagaya
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Allison DeLong
- Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rami Kantor
- Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rachel Vreeman
- Department of Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Violet Naanyu
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brinberg M, Jones SM, Birnbaum ML, Bodie GD, Ram N, Solomon DH. How are Conversations via an On-Demand Peer-To-Peer Emotional Well-Being App Associated with Emotional Improvement? HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2025; 40:654-667. [PMID: 38836301 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2024.2360178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Non-clinical, on-demand peer-to-peer (PtP) support apps have become increasingly popular over the past several years. Although not as pervasive as general self-help apps, these PtP support apps are usually free and instantly connect individuals through live texting with a non-clinical volunteer who has been minimally trained to listen and offer support. To date, there is little empirical work that examines whether and how using an on-demand PtP support app improves emotional well-being. Applying regression and multilevel models to N = 1000+ PtP conversations, this study examined whether individuals experience emotional improvement following a conversation on a PtP support app (HearMe) and whether dyadic characteristics of the conversation - specifically, verbal and emotional synchrony - are associated with individuals' emotional improvement. We found that individuals reported emotional improvement following a conversation on the PtP support app and that verbal (but not emotional) synchrony was associated with the extent of individuals' emotional improvement. Our results suggest that online PtP support apps are a viable source of help. We discuss cautions and considerations when applying our findings to enhance the delivery of support provision on PtP apps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael L Birnbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NYC
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Behavioral Health Services and Policy Research, NYC
| | - Graham D Bodie
- Department of Media & Communication, School of Journalism and New Media, University of Mississippi
| | - Nilam Ram
- Psychology and Communication, Stanford University
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cruse N, Sabo H, Brunner M. Social support after TBI: an investigation of Facebook posts in open access support groups. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024:1-23. [PMID: 39718511 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2024.2442583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) significantly affects social interactions and emotional well-being. Following COVID-19, there has been growing interest in how individuals with TBI use online social media groups for support. This study examined engagement patterns in four Facebook support groups: two for TBI and two control groups. A deductive approach was used to categorize 4,133 posts and comments into a framework of support discourse, including seeking and giving support, and non-social support. Each category was further subdivided to analyze post content in more detail. Comments on posts were coded for helpfulness/appropriateness. Results revealed that posts in all groups fell into the identified discourse categories, with comments generally being appropriate. Minor differences were noted between TBI and control groups, suggesting that individuals with TBI engage in online support similarly to others. These findings highlight the role of online support groups for individuals with TBI, offering insights that can guide the development of more tailored interventions and improve support services for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cruse
- Department of Communication Disorders, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Helena Sabo
- Department of Communication Disorders, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - Melissa Brunner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Na K, Zimdars M, Cullinan ME. Understanding Membership in Alternative Health Social Media Groups and Its Association with COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccination: Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54092. [PMID: 39636665 PMCID: PMC11659688 DOI: 10.2196/54092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media platforms have become home to numerous alternative health groups where people share health information and scientifically unproven treatments. Individuals share not only health information but also health misinformation in alternative health groups on social media. Yet, little research has been carried out to understand members of these groups. This study aims to better understand various characteristics of members in alternative health groups and the association between membership and attitudes toward vaccination and COVID-19 and influenza vaccination-related behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study aims to test hypotheses about different potential characteristics of members in alternative health groups and the association between membership and attitudes toward vaccination and vaccine-related behaviors. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional survey (N=1050) was conducted. Participants were recruited from 19 alternative health social media groups and Amazon's Mechanical Turk. A total of 596 participants were members of alternative health groups and 454 were nonmembers of alternative health groups. Logistic regressions were performed to test the hypotheses about the relationship between membership and the variables of interest. RESULTS Logistic regression revealed that there is a positive association between alternative health social media group membership and 3 personal characteristics: sharing trait (B=.83, SE=.11; P<.01; odds ratio [OR] 2.30, 95% CI 1.85-2.86), fear of negative evaluations (B=.19, SE=.06; P<.001, OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06-1.37), and conspiratorial mentality (B=.33, SE=.08; P<.01; OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.18-1.65). Also, the results indicate that there is a negative association between membership and 2 characteristics: health literacy (B=-1.09, SE=.17; P<.001; OR .33, 95% CI 0.23-0.47) and attitudes toward vaccination (B=- 2.33, SE=.09; P=.02; OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.95). However, there is no association between membership and health consciousness (B=.12, SE=.10; P=.24; OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.92-1.38). Finally, membership is negatively associated with COVID-19 vaccination status (B=-.84, SE=.17; P<.001; OR 48, 95% CI 0.32-0.62), and influenza vaccination practice (B=-1.14, SE=.17; P<.001; OR .31, 95% CI 0.22-0.45). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that people joining alternative health social media groups differ from nonmembers in different aspects, such as sharing, fear of negative evaluations, conspiratorial mentality, and health literacy. They also suggest that there is a significant relationship between membership and vaccination. By more thoroughly exploring the demographic, or by better understanding the people for whom interventions are designed, this study is expected to help researchers to more strategically and effectively develop and implement interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kilhoe Na
- Department of Communication and Media, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, United States
| | - Melissa Zimdars
- Department of Communication and Media, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, United States
| | - Megan E Cullinan
- Department of Communication Studies, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Meng M, Hediger H, de Spindler A, Händler-Schuster D. Health issues of young adults with hearing loss or deafness: A basis for the development of a chatbot. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ, FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAT IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2024; 190-191:20-28. [PMID: 39477699 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2024.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of hearing and thus communication affects the well-being of millions of people worldwide. Digital tools for coping with everyday life are becoming increasingly important and can have a positive impact on health literacy, especially among young adults. This raises the question of which issues such apps should specifically address in order to meet the needs of young adults with hearing loss or deafness. METHODS The aim was to identify the health issues of young adults (aged 18-28 years) with hearing loss or deafness in order to derive specific recommendations for a conversational agent (chatbot). A multiple embedded case study design consisting of chat interviews (n = 8) and an online-based expert survey (n = 14) was used. RESULTS The central phenomenon focuses on "The sense of belonging and feeling well in spite of hearing loss", which is influenced by two main categories: a. the ability to be oneself despite one's vulnerability; b. the desire to be strong despite one's vulnerability. Important health issues include depression, drug use, diet, exercise, isolation due to COVID measures and HIV prophylaxis. CONCLUSION Written information must be provided in simple and accessible language supported by images and symbols. Conversation agents developed to support people with hearing impairment should be easy to install and self-explanatory to use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Meng
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Hannele Hediger
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre de Spindler
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences. School of Management and Law. Centre for Information Systems & Technologies, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Händler-Schuster
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Winterthur, Switzerland; Private University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Department of Nursing Science and Gerontology, Institute for Nursing Science, Hall in Tyrol, Austria; Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington - Faculty of Health, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Practice, Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand; Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Public Health and Social Work, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siddika A, Ellithorpe ME, Meshi D, Tham SM. In-person and computer-mediated social support for international students at U.S. universities: Associations with acculturative stress and mental health. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39471076 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2418518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/01/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: The current study explored whether social support received from either mediated or in-person contact varied among international students depending on the level of social ties (stronger/weaker) with existing support groups. This study also examined whether in-person or computer mediated social support (CMSS) is a better predictor of acculturative stress which might influence mental health of international students. Methods: An online survey was conducted among 179 international students across three U.S. universities. Results: Results showed that international students perceive stronger online social ties compared to in-person social ties, t(125)=- 3.57, p < .001. Stronger ties with CMSS significantly negatively influence acculturative stress compared to in-person social support for international students, (b = -0.24, 95% CI [-0.45, -0.03]). This indicates that as CMSS increases, acculturative stress decreases among international students. Conclusions: This study concludes that online social support groups can positively influence mental health of college student populations, particularly those who feel stressed out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Siddika
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | | | - Dar Meshi
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Samuel M Tham
- Journalism and Media Communication, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arbeena, Asif M. Social networking: An analysis of health-related social support messages posted in a Facebook group for Kashmiri women. Health Mark Q 2024; 41:271-293. [PMID: 38775089 DOI: 10.1080/07359683.2024.2346685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The support groups within social networking sites such as Facebook have become a popular platform for various kinds of conversation and social support including health, especially among women. The aim of this study was to explore and analyze the types of health-related social support messages posted in a month by Kashmiri women in a Facebook group and the most common health topics for which social support was sought. A total of 302 health-related posts were selected for analysis. The results revealed that of various health-related social support posts in the group, informational support messages were posted more frequently and most requested information was related to pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arbeena
- Institute of Kashmir Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Asif
- Institute of Kashmir Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Britt RK, Carmack HJ, Morris A, Chakraborty AR, Franco CL. Does Organizational Messaging Make a Difference? Investigating Themes and Language Style in Twitter Discourse and Engagement by Mental Health Organizations. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 29:1-8. [PMID: 37961904 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2278609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the latent topics and language styles present in mental health organizational discourse on Twitter. The researchers sought to analyze identifying the prevalence of and language used in social support messaging in tweets about mental health care, the overarching topics regarding mental health care, and predicted that tweets with higher engagement will have increased frequency of words with positively valenced emotion and cognitive processing. A GSDMM was run to uncover latent themes that emerged in a data set of 326.9k tweets and 7.2 m words about organizational discussions of mental health. A generalized linear model using the Poisson distribution was used to assess the role of engagement, positive emotion, and cognitive processing. The study found support for both positive emotion and cognitive processing as statistically significant predictors of engagement. Directions for research include the development of health message strategies, policy needs, and online interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Britt
- College of Communication and Information Sciences The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USAUSA
| | - Heather J Carmack
- Health Care Delivery Research, Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew Morris
- College of Communication and Information Sciences The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USAUSA
| | - Ananya Raka Chakraborty
- College of Communication and Information Sciences The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USAUSA
| | - Courtny L Franco
- College of Communication and Information Sciences The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama USAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu X, Jia X. Exploration of the nonlinear relationship between social support and the establishment of long-term doctor-patient relationships: An empirical analysis based on virtual doctor teams. Int J Med Inform 2023; 178:105198. [PMID: 37672982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continued development of information technology has led to the emergence of online medical consultation platforms. Online virtual doctor teams, a new model in online medical care, have received significant attention for their ability to provide increased social support to patients. Many scholars have explored the role of social support in doctor-patient communication, usually focusing on a linear relationship between the impact of social support on medical outcomes. In the present study, we will explore the existence of a nonlinear relationship between the two. METHODS In the present study, we use doctor teams from a leading online consultation platform in China--Haodf online (https://www.Haodf.com), as our research object. In total, 610 doctor teams and 413,778 consultation records spanning from June 2017 to November 2019 are collected and used to explore how social support supplied by doctor teams during interactive communication would affect the establishment of long-term doctor-patient relationships. We also explore the moderating role of team leadership type in this process. From the perspective of social support theory, we select representative factors of informational support and emotional support provided by doctor teams, namely, medical term use and emotional expression. We use text and sentiment analysis methods to extract social support contained in the texts of online doctor team-patient interactions and classify doctor teams into strong and weak leadership types based on leader-member status distance. Further, we used a logistic regression model to empirically analyze the nonlinear relationship between social support and long-term doctor-patient relationship establishment and the moderating effects of team leadership types in this process. RESULTS The present results show that inverted U-shaped relationships exist among medical term use, emotional expression, and long-term doctor-patient relationship establishment, respectively. Doctor teams with strong leadership type make the inverted U-shaped curve between medical term use and long-term doctor-patient relationship establishment flatter than teams with weak leadership type. CONCLUSION In the present study, we enrich the application of social support theory in the field of online health consultation and provide suggestions for how different types of online doctor teams provide social support to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xinyu Jia
- School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang Y, Chi J, Wang L, Geng X. Online communication and positive psychological capital of college students in China: the mediating role of online social support. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:277. [PMID: 37715235 PMCID: PMC10504745 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Online communication is one of the most significant factors that affect the growth and development of contemporary college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms of online social support in the relationship between online communication and the positive psychological capital of college students in China. Drawing on social exchange theory, the research employed a sample of 1,212 Chinese college students and incorporated online social support as a mediating variable. The investigation constructed a research model using the College Students' Online Communication Questionnaire, Online Social Support Questionnaire, and Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire to examine the intricate relationship among online communication, online social support, and positive psychological capital. The study found that both online self-expression and online extended relationship actions positively influenced students' positive psychological capital. However, online social participation did not demonstrate an impact on this measure. Furthermore, online social support was found to partially mediate the connection between online self-expression and positive psychological capital as well as between online extended relationships and positive psychological capital. Online social support fully mediated the relationship between online social participation and positive psychological capital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Graduate School of Education , Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Jingming Chi
- Graduate School of Education , Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Li Wang
- Graduate School of Education , Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaomin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang EF, Kornfield R, Liu Y, Chih MY, Sarma P, Gustafson D, Curtin J, Shah D. Using Machine Learning of Online Expression to Explain Recovery Trajectories: Content Analytic Approach to Studying a Substance Use Disorder Forum. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45589. [PMID: 37606984 PMCID: PMC10481212 DOI: 10.2196/45589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphone-based apps are increasingly used to prevent relapse among those with substance use disorders (SUDs). These systems collect a wealth of data from participants, including the content of messages exchanged in peer-to-peer support forums. How individuals self-disclose and exchange social support in these forums may provide insight into their recovery course, but a manual review of a large corpus of text by human coders is inefficient. OBJECTIVE The study sought to evaluate the feasibility of applying supervised machine learning (ML) to perform large-scale content analysis of an online peer-to-peer discussion forum. Machine-coded data were also used to understand how communication styles relate to writers' substance use and well-being outcomes. METHODS Data were collected from a smartphone app that connects patients with SUDs to online peer support via a discussion forum. Overall, 268 adult patients with SUD diagnoses were recruited from 3 federally qualified health centers in the United States beginning in 2014. Two waves of survey data were collected to measure demographic characteristics and study outcomes: at baseline (before accessing the app) and after 6 months of using the app. Messages were downloaded from the peer-to-peer forum and subjected to manual content analysis. These data were used to train supervised ML algorithms using features extracted from the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) system to automatically identify the types of expression relevant to peer-to-peer support. Regression analyses examined how each expression type was associated with recovery outcomes. RESULTS Our manual content analysis identified 7 expression types relevant to the recovery process (emotional support, informational support, negative affect, change talk, insightful disclosure, gratitude, and universality disclosure). Over 6 months of app use, 86.2% (231/268) of participants posted on the app's support forum. Of these participants, 93.5% (216/231) posted at least 1 message in the content categories of interest, generating 10,503 messages. Supervised ML algorithms were trained on the hand-coded data, achieving F1-scores ranging from 0.57 to 0.85. Regression analyses revealed that a greater proportion of the messages giving emotional support to peers was related to reduced substance use. For self-disclosure, a greater proportion of the messages expressing universality was related to improved quality of life, whereas a greater proportion of the negative affect expressions was negatively related to quality of life and mood. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights a method of natural language processing with potential to provide real-time insights into peer-to-peer communication dynamics. First, we found that our ML approach allowed for large-scale content coding while retaining moderate-to-high levels of accuracy. Second, individuals' expression styles were associated with recovery outcomes. The expression types of emotional support, universality disclosure, and negative affect were significantly related to recovery outcomes, and attending to these dynamics may be important for appropriate intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Fan Yang
- School of Communication and Mass Media, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, United States
| | - Rachel Kornfield
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chih
- College of Health Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | | | - David Gustafson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - John Curtin
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dhavan Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van Gastel D, Antheunis ML, Tenfelde K, van de Graaf DL, Geerts M, Nieboer TE, Bongers MY. Social Support Among Women With Potential Essure-Related Complaints: Analysis of Facebook Group Content. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e32592. [PMID: 37535412 PMCID: PMC10436114 DOI: 10.2196/32592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support groups are an important resource for people to cope with problems. Previous studies have reported the different types of support in these groups, but little is known about the type of reactions that sharing of personal experiences induce among members. It is important to know how and to what extent members of support groups influence each other regarding the consumption of medical care. We researched this in a web-based Facebook group of women sterilized with Essure. Essure was a device intended for permanent contraception. From 2015 onward, women treated with Essure for tubal occlusion raised safety concerns and numerous complaints. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the use of social support in a Facebook community named "Essure problemen Nederland" (EPN; in English, "Essure problems in the Netherlands"). METHODS All posts in the closed Facebook group EPN between March 8 and May 8, 2018, were included. In total, 3491 Facebook posts were analyzed using a modified version of the Social Support Behavior Codes framework created by Cutrona and Suhr in 1992. Posts were abstracted and aggregated into a database. Two investigators evaluated the posts, developed a modified version of the Social Support Behavior Codes framework, and applied the codes to the collected data. RESULTS We found that 92% of messages contained a form of social support. In 68.8% of posts, social support was provided, and in 31.2% of posts, social support was received. Informational and emotional support was the most frequently used form of provided social support (40.6% and 55.5%, respectively). The same distribution was seen with received social support: informational support in 81.5% and emotional support in 17.4% of cases. Our analysis showed a strong correlation between providing or receiving social support and the main form of social support (P<.001). In a total of only 74 (2.2%) cases, women advised each other to seek medical care. CONCLUSIONS The main purpose of women in the EPN Facebook group was to provide and receive informational or emotional support or both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjolijn L Antheunis
- Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Kim Tenfelde
- Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | | | - Marieke Geerts
- Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | | | - Marlies Y Bongers
- Research School GROW, University Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu C, Tay D, Jin Y, Yuan X. Speech acts and the communicative functions of emojis in LIHKG online discussion forum amid COVID-19. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1207302. [PMID: 37496797 PMCID: PMC10366367 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1207302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of 2022, the Hong Kong government has imposed strict social distancing measures and changed its stance on various regional policies with the aim to contain the so-called 'fifth wave' of COVID-19. In these pandemic and 'infodemic' times filled with uncertainty and fear, Hong Kong netizens used local online discussion forums as a resource to establish an innovative form of 'helping network.' This study is based on 230 posts from a popular local online discussion forum 'LIHKG' in February 2022 when the pandemic was regarded as most critical by the Department of Health. Speech Acts theoretic approach was adopted to explore how forum users employed speech acts to perform various communicative practices such as expressing concerns, asking for information, and engaging with others in a CMC environment amid a global health crisis. Representatives were found to be the most dominant text-based speech acts, followed by directives, expressives and commissives. Speech acts provide forum users a context in which emoji usage occurs. Forum users not only make use of words to 'do' things in the online self-help forum, but they also employ emojis to either supplement or complement speech acts. This study also shows that emojis perform multiple functions in the discussion posts and argues that they do not merely function as emotion indicators of their textual company, but also carry significant pragmatic meanings by illustrating how they can also carry illocutionary force and in some cases, even alter the illocutionary force of their preceding texts. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of how forum users communicate via verbal and nonverbal means within the underexplored 'helping domain' of online discussion forums. It also suggests that online discussion forum interactions need to be approached differently than other better understood alternatives.
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang S, Wang Y. How People with Physical Disabilities Can Obtain Social Support through Online Videos: A Qualitative Study in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2423. [PMID: 36767789 PMCID: PMC9915193 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online video creation is becoming an option for many people with physical disabilities in China. However, few studies have considered how physically disabled individuals access social support through online video creation. METHODS For this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 online video creators with physical disabilities. The starting point of this study was video creation by people with physical disabilities, with a focus on the social interactions between creators, online video platforms, followers, viewers and sponsors, as well as the perceived social support in the process. RESULTS Thematic analysis was used to identify six social support themes: (i) meeting emotional needs; (ii) obtaining informational support; (iii) obtaining creative benefits; (iv) constructing identity; (v) reconstructing social relationships; and (vi) discovering self-worth. Four risk-related themes were identified: (i) online language violence; (ii) invasion of commercial capital; (iii) online video addiction; and (iv) fragile social support. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that, although people with physical disabilities can obtain effective social support through creating online videos, it is accompanied by many risks. In addition, the social support gained through creating online videos differs from traditional online social support (e.g., changes in online support groups, emphasis on creative gain). PROSPECT Future research should perform more detailed analyses of different types of social support and specific risks of creation, while taking into account individual differences and sociodemographic backgrounds.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Y, Guo Y, Chen L. Predicting Social Support Exchanging Among Male Homosexuals Who are HIV-Positive in Social Media Context: The Role of Online Self-Disclosure. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2022; 69:2233-2249. [PMID: 34110274 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2021.1935623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated social support exchanges on social media among male homosexuals who are HIV-positive (MHHP) in China and explored how online self-disclosure relates to such activity. Analyses were based on 9,459 Weibo messages posted by 188 targeted users.Results showed that the informational and emotional support messages were prevalent in the Chinese context, and esteem social support was first found to be the most salient by the current investigation. Results of independent samples t-tests suggested that MHHP who engaged in significant self-disclosure on Weibo tended to have more frequent social support exchanges than those who did not. In particular, MHHP who expressed sex-seeking intentions and companionship seeking intentions were likely to post more supportive messages than those who did not express such intentions. Moreover, MHHP who disclosed their concerns over discrimination tended to post more emotional, informational, and esteem support messages than those who did not express discrimination concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu Y, Jiang H, Zhou Z. Information adoption behavior in online healthcare communities from the perspective of personality traits. Front Psychol 2022; 13:973522. [PMID: 36329756 PMCID: PMC9623248 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.973522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving standards of living have resulted in an increased focus on health and image management. In a context where the quality of healthcare information is unguaranteed, the adoption behavior intention of online health information varies greatly. Hence, it is essential to take effective measures to guide community users to obtain high-quality information on demand. From the perspective of personality traits, the present study analyzed the influencing factors and mechanisms of adoption behavior intention of healthcare information in online healthcare communities as well as the moderating effects of social support. A quantitative analysis of 380 respondents revealed positive associations between five personality dimensions and the adoption behavior intention of healthcare information–extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness. The study also determined that health concerns and health-related self-efficacy played a mediating role across various degrees between the conscientiousness and adoption behavior intention of healthcare information. As an important contextual factor influencing health outcomes, social support is common in online healthcare communities. The study examined the effect of the interaction between inner traits and social support on adoption behavior intention. Perceived self-esteem support strengthened the indirect effect of conscientiousness on adoption behavior intention mediated by health concerns and health-related self-efficacy. Additionally, the impact of high neuroticism interacted with low levels of perceived self-esteem support on adoption behavior intention was significant. Likewise, emotional supportive information did not help in facilitating the adoption behavior intention in terms of all five personality traits and negatively influence the adoption behavior intention for individuals high in neuroticism and agreeableness. The possible explanation for the results was discussed with the intention of understanding the psychological mechanisms which guide adoption behavior intention.
Collapse
|
17
|
Rhidenour KB, Blackburn K, Barrett AK, Taylor S. Mediating Medical Marijuana: Exploring How Veterans Discuss Their Stigmatized Substance Use on Reddit. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:1305-1315. [PMID: 33602000 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2021.1886411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper uses SIDE theory and an information seeking lens to examine the types of information and support messages (N = 126,977 posts) veterans seek on the social networking site Reddit regarding medical marijuana use. A combination of automated text analysis strategies paired with thematic analysis produced eight themes: Doctor Patient Conversations, Drug Test, Legality, Legal Policy, Prescription Drug Use/Other Substance Use, Point of View, Reasons for Use, and V.A. Findings reveal that a large portion of veterans discuss how medical marijuana can be used to self-medicate for a number of issues, including PTSD, anxiety, and sleep deprivation. Results also highlighted missing topics within veterans' conversations about medical marijuana use. For instance, veterans rarely discuss the strategies they use to talk to their doctor about their medical marijuana use. Practical implications and directions for future research are offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Blackburn
- Postdoc Research Fellow, Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
James TL, Villacis Calderon ED, Bélanger F, Lowry PB. The mediating role of group dynamics in shaping received social support from active and passive use in online health communities. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2022.103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
19
|
“Everything Is Changing, but I Am Not Alone”: Nurses’ Perceptions of Social Support during COVID-19. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has created numerous stressors for nurses, which have impacted their work, self-efficacy, and wellness. Social support helps manage stress and burnout. Through 24 semi-structured interviews, the current article explores the perspectives of nurses who worked with COVID-19 patients in the initial days of the pandemic in the United States. This study unpacks the types and sources of social support nurses sought during this time, especially as they faced significant burnout. Through thematic analysis, the current study found that these nurses interacted with the crisis situation to evaluate their social support needs and the plausibility of fulfilling these needs. They focused on the support that was available or at least perceived to be available and let go of certain needs that could not plausibly be addressed in that moment. Peer-to-peer support was critical during this process, and nurses avoided sharing concerns with their families as they enacted protective buffering. The findings also highlight the complex and dynamic nature of social support as nurses interact with their peers and evaluate the support they receive. Peers helped with haptic support like providing hugs to coworkers, and at times even became surrogates for coworkers’ family members as they participated in communal coping. Organizational support was critical for sharing information centrally with nurses and for organizational sustainability.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chang PF, Bazarova NN, Wethington E. How Older Adults with Chronic Pain Manage Social Support Interactions with Mobile Media. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:384-396. [PMID: 33164561 PMCID: PMC8105424 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1846272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mobile media offer new ways for older adults to access and interact with their social support networks. While mobile media usage has been increasing among older adults, less is known about why older adults with chronic pain prefer to select members of their existing social network for quality social support interactions, what types of communication mechanisms they engage in when utilizing mobile media, and how they use their mobile media to manage their interactions and relationships. The analysis of 25 semi-structured interviews with older adults with chronic pain reveals that a sense of camaraderie and shared meaning of pain experiences underlie their preferences for communicating with similar others about chronic pain. On the other hand, having to take on a role reversal of comforting and receiving unsolicited advice are the main reasons for avoiding social support interactions with dissimilar others. Additionally, older adults strategically utilize specific features of mobile media such as SMS text messaging for short forms of validation and encouragement, staccato social support, and management of interaction coordination or avoidance. This study demonstrates how mobile technology can be adopted and appropriated to meet social, emotional, and interpersonal needs of older adults' lives. It also provides important insights into communicative dynamics of pain-related social support interactions and communication channel selection of older adults. The way mobile media are used to leverage social interactions and support networks can contribute to self-management, health-promoting behavior, and overall quality of life for older adults with chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamara F. Chang
- Department of Communication, University of Cincinnati
- Department of Communication, Cornell University
- Departments of Human Development and Sociology, Cornell University
| | - Natalya N. Bazarova
- Department of Communication, University of Cincinnati
- Department of Communication, Cornell University
- Departments of Human Development and Sociology, Cornell University
| | - Elaine Wethington
- Department of Communication, University of Cincinnati
- Department of Communication, Cornell University
- Departments of Human Development and Sociology, Cornell University
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Arshonsky J, Krawczyk N, Bunting AM, Frank D, Friedman SR, Bragg MA. Informal coping strategies among people who use opioids during COVID-19: A thematic analysis of Reddit forums. JMIR Form Res 2021; 6:e32871. [PMID: 35084345 PMCID: PMC8896559 DOI: 10.2196/32871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed how people seeking to reduce opioid use access treatment services and navigate efforts to abstain from using opioids. Social distancing policies have drastically reduced access to many forms of social support, but they may have also upended some perceived barriers to reducing or abstaining from opioid use. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study aimed to identify informal coping strategies for reducing and abstaining from opioid use among Reddit users who have posted in opioid-related subreddits at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We extracted data from two major opioid-related subreddits. Thematic data analysis was used to evaluate subreddit posts dated from March 5, 2020 to May 13, 2020 that referenced COVID-19 and opioid use, resulting in a final sample of 300 posts that were coded and analyzed. RESULTS Of the 300 subreddit posts, 100 discussed at least one type of informal coping strategy. Those strategies included: psychological and behavioral coping skills, adopting healthy habits, and using substances to manage withdrawal symptoms. Twelve subreddit posts explicitly mentioned using social distancing as an opportunity for cessation or reduction of opioid use. CONCLUSIONS Reddit discussion forums provided a community for people to share strategies for reducing opioid use and support others during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research needs to assess the impact of COVID-19 on opioid use behaviors, especially during periods of limited treatment access and isolation, as these can inform future efforts in curbing the opioid epidemic and other substance related harms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Arshonsky
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., New York, US
| | - Noa Krawczyk
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., New York, US
| | - Amanda M Bunting
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., New York, US
| | - David Frank
- Behavioral Science Training Program in Drug Abuse Research, New York University, New York City, US
| | - Samuel R Friedman
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., New York, US
| | - Marie A Bragg
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Ave., New York, US
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Förster M, Klier J, Klier M, Schäfer-Siebert K, Sigler I. Leveraging the Power of Peer Groups for Refugee Integration. BUSINESS & INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2021. [PMCID: PMC8591321 DOI: 10.1007/s12599-021-00725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Refugee integration, one long-term solution to the large number of people fleeing their home countries, constitutes a challenge for both refugees and host societies. ICT and especially online peer groups seem promising to support this process. Building on literature demonstrating the societal benefits of peer groups, this paper proposes a novel peer-group-based approach to address refugee integration and introduces both an online and offline realization. A randomized field experiment in cooperation with public (refugee) services and a non-governmental organization makes it possible to expand existing research by quantitatively demonstrating societal benefits of online peer groups and ICT for refugee integration. Further, this paper is the first to assess the effectiveness of online and offline peer groups in one experimental setup comparatively. Results show that peer groups provide substantial value with respect to the integration domains social bridges, social bonds, rights and citizenship as well as safety and stability. While the outcome of the various integration domains differs for online and offline peer groups, participants’ adoption rates were higher for online peer groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Förster
- Institute of Business Analytics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Klier
- Department of Management Information Systems, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Klier
- Institute of Business Analytics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Irina Sigler
- Institute of Business Analytics, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Why people join pro-Ana online communities? A psychological textual analysis of eating disorder blog posts. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Nasier B, Gibson K, Trnka S. “PM me” or “LOL”: Young peoples’ observations of supportive and unsympathetic responses to distress on social media. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Malik FS, Lind C, Duncan S, Mitrovich C, Pascual M, Yi-Frazier JP. Augmenting Traditional Support Groups for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Using Instagram: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study. JMIR Diabetes 2021; 6:e21405. [PMID: 34673527 PMCID: PMC8569531 DOI: 10.2196/21405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-person support groups have been shown to benefit adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) by helping to decrease perceived diabetes burden and improving knowledge related to chronic disease management. However, barriers exist to participation in traditional support groups, including the timing and location of meetings and resources needed to attend. Adolescents are increasingly utilizing online support groups, which may provide solutions to some of the challenges faced when implementing in-person support groups. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a hybrid support group model where traditional in-person support groups were augmented with Instagram participation between monthly support group sessions for adolescents with T1D. METHODS Participants (13-18 years old with T1D for ≥6 months) were asked to post photos each week for 3 months based on predetermined topics related to diabetes management. At the end of each month, participants attended an in-person support group to discuss their photos using the Photovoice method. Feasibility was assessed through enrollment and retention, number of Instagram posts, poststudy questionnaire, and a template analysis of the focus groups. RESULTS Of 24 eligible participants, 16 (67%) enrolled in the study, with 3 dropping out prior to support group participation. The number of photos posted over 3 months ranged from 14 to 41. Among the 11 participants who completed a follow-up questionnaire, the majority of participants (6/11, 55%) reported that they very much enjoyed participating in the hybrid support group, and more than three-quarters (9/11, 82%) of participants reported that they "related to the photos posted." Over half of participants (8/11, 73%) reported "learning something new from the photos posted," which arose from sharing knowledge and experiences related to navigating the common challenges of diabetes management. Additionally, the use of Instagram posts helped facilitate peer discussions during the in-person support groups. CONCLUSIONS The novel combination of using Instagram to augment traditional in-person support groups was feasible and acceptable to adolescents with T1D. The overall satisfaction with the hybrid support group model, combined with the observed engagement with peers between support group sessions over social media, suggests that a hybrid support group model may have the potential to provide more pronounced benefits to adolescents than in-person meetings alone. Future research should investigate the use of social media as part of the support group model and examine the potential improvement of self-esteem, benefit-finding, and social support using validated tools in adolescents with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal S Malik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cara Lind
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sarah Duncan
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Connor Mitrovich
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael Pascual
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Elran-Barak R. Analyses of posts written in online eating disorder and depression/anxiety moderated communities: Emotional and informational communication before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Internet Interv 2021; 26:100438. [PMID: 34401396 PMCID: PMC8353348 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moderated online health communities (OHCs) are digital platforms that provide a means for patients with similar medical conditions to communicate with each other under the supervision of healthcare professionals. AIMS To examine the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on content and type of posts published in two moderated OHCs - eating disorders and depression/anxiety - by comparing categorizations of posts written before vs. after the lockdown, and about vs. not about the pandemic. METHODS Posts were retrieved from Camoni, the first Israeli medical social network (January-June 2017, March-May 2020). A total of 1475 posts were analyzed. Of them, 802 posts were written before and 680 were written during the first lockdown. Posts were divided into two main categories: informational and emotional, and into fourteen subcategories. RESULTS Before the pandemic, the eating disorders OHC was characterized as primarily emotional (emotional: 66.7%, informational: 45.4%) and the depression/anxiety OHC as primarily informational (emotional: 49.8%, informational: 65.8%) (χ2 = 31.6, p < 0.001). During the lockdown, there was a transition in the eating disorders community, from primarily emotional to primarily informational communication (emotional: 46.1%, informational: 71.7%) (χ2 = 30.3, p < 0.001). In both OHCs, only about one in six posts written during the lockdown was related to the pandemic. There were only minimal differences in subcategorization of posts written before vs. after the outbreak (e.g., searching for medical information was more common during the pandemic: χ2 = 40.9, p < 0.001), as well as about vs. not about the pandemic (e.g., sharing negative emotions was more common when writing about the pandemic: χ2 = 4.1, p = 0.43). CONCLUSION During the first lockdown, people with eating disorders have increased their use of OHCs as sources of informational (as opposed to emotional) support, but the overall impact of the pandemic on the content of posts written in the examined OHCs was minimal, suggesting that OHCs have not changed their function as a valuable means of providing emotional and informational support for people with mental difficulties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roni Elran-Barak
- University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kuo HJ, Chun J, Lee G, Curtiss S. Competencies and preferences of online psycho-education for caregivers of transition-aged autistic youth. JOURNAL OF ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jet-03-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe need for more accessible services is apparent and has become more urgent due to the pandemic, COVID-19. While online psycho-education exists, its feasibility is rarely tested. This study explored the online learning experiences and technology competencies of caregivers of transition-aged autistic youth. Their preferred online transition-related training topics were also explored.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey was developed based on the review of related literature. The survey was distributed to caregivers of autistic children in the USA.FindingsResults showed that these caregivers are open to online learning (84%) while preferring asynchronous (74.6%) over synchronous mode (12%). The highest-rated topics include life/independent living skills, employment and social and community involvement.Originality/valueThis paper presented valuable information for researchers and educators who are interested in developing online learning programs for the caregivers of autistic children.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen M, Bell RA, Barnett GA. From Network Positions to Language Use: Understanding the Effects of Brokerage and Closure Structures from a Linguistic Perspective. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:1001-1008. [PMID: 32124649 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1731776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated cancer survivors' interactions on an online breast cancer support forum, focusing on how the network structures of brokerage and closure relate to the types of support received and to the language used in posts. Data came through the extraction of 1,443 forum members' online networks. Automated linguistic analysis was carried out on the 27,248 threads these survivors made and the 336,151 replies they received. Survivors' brokerage and closure levels were positively correlated with the use of positive affective words in their posts, a linguistic marker of well-being. Different network positions fostered different types of support in the community. Specifically, people bridging unconnected users (the broker role) were more likely to receive informational support whereas people in closely knit groups (the closure role) were more likely to receive emotional support. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Media Communications, Webster Vienna Private University
| | - Robert A Bell
- Department of Communication, University of California
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
“I don't want to be known for that:”The role of temporality in online self-presentation of young gay and bisexual males. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
30
|
Jurich EK. ‘Do you think this is normal?’: risk, temporality, and the management of children’s food allergies through online support groups. HEALTH, RISK & SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13698575.2021.1914824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Kayaalp Jurich
- Department of New Media and Communication, Ankara Bilim University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Influence of Online Social Support on the Public's Belief in Overcoming COVID-19. Inf Process Manag 2021; 58:102583. [PMID: 33746338 PMCID: PMC7959279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020 has dramatically changed people's lives. Some countries have taken mass home quarantine to control the virus. However, the side effects of quarantine have rarely been interrogated by current COVID-19 research. This study thus investigates the effects of online social support on the public's beliefs in overcoming COVID-19 by embracing their cognition and emotion during the epidemic. First, by crawling and content analysis of the messages posted on "Baidu COVID-19 bar", this study identified 5 types of online social support given or received by the public during COVID-19. On this basis, a model explaining the public's beliefs was developed from the perspectives of online social support, cognition and emotion. 334 valid online questionnaires were collected to examine the proposed model and hypotheses. The results show that cognition has a direct effect on the belief, while emotion affects the belief via a full mediating effect of cognition. Tangible support and esteem support can directly affect the public's beliefs, and educational level significantly moderates these effects. In addition, the public's cognition is influenced by informational support, however, emotion is not influenced by social support but by other factors (e.g., information disclosure, material supplies and frustration caused by the epidemic). These research results provide a deep insight into how to reduce the negative effects of quarantine, consolidate the theoretical basis of the public's beliefs, and have important practical implications for individuals and the government in dealing with such emergencies.
Collapse
|
32
|
Niu Z, Willoughby J, Zhou R. Associations of Health Literacy, Social Media Use, and Self-Efficacy With Health Information-Seeking Intentions Among Social Media Users in China: Cross-sectional Survey. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e19134. [PMID: 33629955 PMCID: PMC7952238 DOI: 10.2196/19134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empirical research has demonstrated that people frequently use social media for gathering and sharing online health information. Health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy are important factors that may influence people's health behaviors online. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the associations between health literacy, health-related social media use, self-efficacy, and health behavioral intentions online. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adults 18 years and older (n=449) to examine predictors of health-related behavioral intentions online including health literacy, social media use, and self-efficacy in China using 2 moderated mediation models. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted. RESULTS Self-efficacy mediated the effects of health literacy (Bindirect=0.213, 95% CI 0.101 to 0.339) and social media use (Bindirect=0.023, 95% CI 0.008 to 0.045) on health behavioral intentions on social media. Age moderated the effects of health literacy on self-efficacy (P=.03), while previous experience moderated the effects of social media use on self-efficacy (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Health literacy and health-related social media use influenced health behavioral intentions on social media via their prior effects on self-efficacy. The association between health literacy and self-efficacy was stronger among younger respondents, whereas the association between health-related social media use and self-efficacy was stronger among those who previously had positive experiences with health information on social media. Health practitioners should target self-efficacy among older populations and increase positive media experience related to health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomeng Niu
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Jessica Willoughby
- The Edward R Murrow College of Communication, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Rongting Zhou
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chory A, Nyandiko W, Martin R, Aluoch J, Scanlon M, Ashimosi C, Njoroge T, McAteer C, Apondi E, Vreeman R. HIV-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Experiences of Kenyan Adolescents Living with HIV Revealed in WhatsApp Group Chats. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2021; 20:2325958221999579. [PMID: 33657911 PMCID: PMC7940722 DOI: 10.1177/2325958221999579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mobile technologies represent a scalable platform for delivering knowledge and interventions targeting adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) in low and middle income countries. Data from mobile interventions can be used to assess the contextual understanding and experiences of ALWH. METHODS We examined HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and experiences of Kenyan ALWH revealed in the contextual data from enrollment in a WhatsApp® group chat intervention. RESULTS Thirty ALWH (17 female, mean age 15.4) on ART, engaged in HIV care and aware of their status, were enrolled. Qualitative analysis of WhatsApp® chat discussions identified a gap in HIV knowledge, high medication-taking literacy, need for mental health support and significant barriers to adherence. Participants discussed challenges with HIV stigma and medication-taking in the school setting. CONCLUSION These discussions demonstrate a need for education on HIV topics, mental health support for ALWH, and interventions for stigma mitigation in the school setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Chory
- Department of Global Health and Health System Design, Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Winstone Nyandiko
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
- Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Roxanne Martin
- Department of Global Health and Health System Design, Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josephine Aluoch
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Michael Scanlon
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Tabitha Njoroge
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Edith Apondi
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
- Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Rachel Vreeman
- Department of Global Health and Health System Design, Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH), Eldoret, Kenya
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee H, Lee H, Kim Y, Kim S, Lee YM. Network Support Using Social Networking Services to Increase Exercise Adherence Among Korean-Chinese Middle-Aged Migrant Women: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e19159. [PMID: 33151155 PMCID: PMC7677014 DOI: 10.2196/19159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social networking services (SNSs) are recognized to be a promising approach to easily deliver health interventions and to enhance social support for exercise adherence. However, the patterns and aspects of social support through SNSs have not been reported and their influence on other social-cognitive factors remains inconclusive. Objective Our objective is to explore how social support delivered through SNSs impacts interactions among Korean-Chinese (KC) middle-aged women and to identify how this approach influences social-cognitive factors for exercise (eg, sense of community, self-efficacy for exercise, and social support for exercise). Methods A mixed methods design was used. Text analysis of SNS messages and text mining using the Korean Natural Language Application (KoALA) were conducted. Social-cognitive factors (eg, sense of community, self-efficacy for exercise, and social support for exercise) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks using a structured questionnaire. A comparison of social-cognitive factors at baseline and at 12 weeks was conducted to identify any potential significant changes, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results A total of 259 SNS messages were collected from 24 KC women, distributed among four chat groups, who participated in a 12-week walking intervention program between August and October 2018. The individual average frequency of chatting via the SNS was 10.79 (range 0-34) and the most frequent type of social support through the SNS was network support (172/259, 66.4%). The most common words extracted from the SNS were Health, Exercise, Participation, and We. Overall, the perceived levels of sense of community (P<.001) and social support for exercise (P=.002) were significantly increased at 12 weeks compared with baseline. Group 1 (P=.03) and Group 4 (P=.03), whose members demonstrated the highest frequency of network support, experienced a significant increase only in the level of sense of community. Conclusions By integrating these data and conducting a mixed methods analysis, we observed that among the types of social support, network support was a key point for the promotion of social-cognitive factors in increasing exercise adherence. Therefore, network support through SNS-based interventions should be considered as a useful strategy to help vulnerable migrant populations make changes to exercise behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyeon Lee
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonkyeong Lee
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youlim Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sookyung Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Me Lee
- School of Nursing, College of Science and Health, Depaul University, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Luo C, Li Y, Chen A, Tang Y. What triggers online help-seeking retransmission during the COVID-19 period? Empirical evidence from Chinese social media. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241465. [PMID: 33141860 PMCID: PMC7608884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The past nine months witnessed COVID-19's fast-spreading at the global level. Limited by medical resources shortage and uneven facilities distribution, online help-seeking becomes an essential approach to cope with public health emergencies for many ordinaries. This study explores the driving forces behind the retransmission of online help-seeking posts. We built an analytical framework that emphasized content characteristics, including information completeness, proximity, support seeking type, disease severity, and emotion of help-seeking messages. A quantitative content analysis was conducted with a probability sample consisting of 727 posts. The results illustrate the importance of individual information completeness, high proximity, instrumental support seeking. This study also demonstrates slight inconformity with the severity principle but stresses the power of anger in help-seeking messages dissemination. As one of the first online help-seeking diffusion analyses in the COVID-19 period, our research provides a reference for constructing compelling and effective help-seeking posts during a particular period. It also reveals further possibilities for harnessing social media's power to promote reciprocal and cooperative actions as a response to this deepening global concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Luo
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Yuru Li
- Centre for Media, Communication & Information Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Anfan Chen
- School of Humanity and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Institute of Communication Studies, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Towards understanding how individuals with inflammatory bowel disease use contemporary social media platforms for health-related discourse. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
37
|
The Impact of Internet Use on Health Outcomes of Rural Adults: Evidence from China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186502. [PMID: 32906700 PMCID: PMC7559417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Health, as basic human capital, is quite important for rural adults. However, in China, the average level of public health facilities and services is far lower in rural areas than in cities. In recent years, the internet has developed rapidly in China, and is increasingly affecting rural adults in a positive way. The purpose of this paper is to reveal whether internet use can be an effective way to improve the health of rural adults. This study used three rounds of data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) collected in 2014, 2016, and 2018. After eliminating samples due to attrition, the study included 7528 villagers who were at least 16 years old. A panel logit model was employed to conduct an empirical analysis. The results indicate that internet use has a significantly positive impact on health outcomes of rural adults. By using the internet, rural adults can find a large amount of health information, increase their social interaction, and maintain physical exercise to improve their health. Thus, it is important to promote internet use for health purposes in rural areas. In addition, internet use had heterogeneous effects on the health of rural adults of different genders, age groups, and education levels. Attention should be focused on highly educated older men to improve the effects of internet use.
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu Y, Ren C, Shi D, Li K, Zhang X. Evaluating the social value of online health information for third-party patients: Is uncertainty always bad? Inf Process Manag 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2020.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
39
|
Zhang L, Jung EH, Chen Z. Modeling the Pathway Linking Health Information Seeking to Psychological Well-Being on WeChat. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2020; 35:1101-1112. [PMID: 31088169 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2019.1613479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Guided by the three-stage model and the integration of key constructs from the Health Belief Model, this study proposed a conceptual model to delve into the underlying mechanism linking health information seeking to psychological well-being. A nationwide online survey was administered, involving 522 WeChat users in China. The results of structural equation modeling analysis showed that health consciousness and WeChat health information reliability are significant antecedents predicting users' health information-seeking actions on WeChat, while perceived susceptibility, severity, and self-efficacy did not have significant relationships with such behavior. As predicted, the positive relationship between WeChat health information seeking and psychological well-being is mediated by perceived social support. The findings of this study provide both theoretical and practical implications to guide the use of mobile social media as a milieu for health improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianshan Zhang
- Department of Communications and New Media, National University of Singapore
| | - Eun Hwa Jung
- Department of Communications and New Media, National University of Singapore
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Communications and New Media, National University of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pretorius K, Choi E, Kang S, Mackert M. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome on Facebook: Qualitative Descriptive Content Analysis to Guide Prevention Efforts. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e18474. [PMID: 32729842 PMCID: PMC7427985 DOI: 10.2196/18474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID), which includes the diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), is a leading cause of infant mortality in the United States. Despite prevention efforts, many parents continue to create unsafe infant sleep environments and use potentially dangerous infant sleep and monitoring devices, ultimately leading to sleep-related infant deaths. Analyzing Facebook conversations regarding SIDS may offer a unique maternal perspective to guide future research and prevention efforts. Objective This study aims to describe and analyze conversations among mothers engaged in discussions about SIDS on a Facebook mother’s group. We were interested in understanding maternal knowledge of SIDS, identifying information sources for SIDS, describing actual infant sleep practices, exploring opinions regarding infant sleep products and monitoring devices, and discovering evidence of provider communication regarding SIDS. Methods We extracted and analyzed 20 posts and 912 comments from 512 mothers who participated in a specific Facebook mother’s group and engaged in conversations about SIDS. There were 2 reviewers who coded the data using qualitative descriptive content analysis. Themes were induced after discussion among researchers and after the study objectives were addressed. Results The theme of social support emerged, specifically informational and emotional support. A variety of informational sources for SIDS and safe sleep were identified, as was a continuum of infant sleep practices (ranging from unsafe to safe sleep per the American Academy of Pediatrics standards). There was widespread discussion regarding infant sleep products and monitoring devices. Embedded within conversations were (1) confusion among commonly used medical terminology, (2) the practice of unsafe infant sleep, (3) inconsistency in provider communication about SIDS, and (4) maternal anxiety regarding SIDS. Conclusions We uncovered new findings in this analysis, such as the commonality of infant sleep products and monitoring devices and widespread maternal anxiety regarding SIDS. Additionally, mothers who participated in the Facebook group provided and received informational and emotional support regarding SIDS via this social media format. Such results can guide future prevention efforts by informing health communication regarding SUID and safe sleep. Future provider and public health agency communication on the topic of SUID and safe sleep should be simple and clear, address infant sleep products and monitoring devices, address maternal anxiety regarding SIDS, and address the common practice of unsafe sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Pretorius
- The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Eunju Choi
- The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sookja Kang
- The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Michael Mackert
- The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Green BM, Van Horn KT, Gupte K, Evans M, Hayes S, Bhowmick A. Assessment of Adaptive Engagement and Support Model for People With Chronic Health Conditions in Online Health Communities: Combined Content Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e17338. [PMID: 32492651 PMCID: PMC7380984 DOI: 10.2196/17338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the pervasiveness of social media, online health communities (OHCs) are an important tool for facilitating information sharing and support among people with chronic health conditions. Importantly, OHCs offer insight into conversations about the lived experiences of people with particular health conditions. Little is known about the aspects of OHCs that are important to maintain safe and productive conversations that support health. Objective This study aimed to assess the provision of social support and the role of active moderation in OHCs developed in accordance with and managed by an adaptive engagement model. This study also aimed to identify key elements of the model that are central to the development, maintenance, and adaptation of OHCs for people with chronic health conditions. Methods This study used combined content analysis, a mixed methods approach, to analyze sampled Facebook post comments from 6 OHCs to understand how key aspects of the adaptive engagement model facilitate different types of social support. OHCs included in this study are for people living with multiple sclerosis, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. An exploratory approach was used in the analysis, and initial codes were grouped into thematic categories and then confirmed through thematic network analysis using the Dedoose qualitative analysis software tool. Thematic categories were compared for similarities and differences for each of the 6 OHCs and by topic discussed. Results Data on the reach and engagement of the Facebook posts and the analysis of the sample of 5881 comments demonstrate that people with chronic health conditions want to engage on the web and find value in supporting and sharing their experiences with others. Most comments made in these Facebook posts were expressions of social support for others living with the same health condition (3405/5881, 57.89%). Among the comments with an element of support, those where community members validated the knowledge or experiences of others were most frequent (1587/3405, 46.61%), followed by the expression of empathy and understanding (1089/3405, 31.98%). Even among posts with more factual content, such as insurance coverage issues, user comments still had frequent expressions of support for others (80/213, 37.5%). Conclusions The analysis of this OHC adaptive engagement model in action shows that the foundational elements—social support, engagement, and moderation—can effectively be used to provide a rich and dynamic community experience for individuals with chronic health conditions. Social support is demonstrated in a variety of ways, including sharing information or validating information shared by others, expressions of empathy, and sharing encouraging statements with others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ketki Gupte
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Megan Evans
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Sara Hayes
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amrita Bhowmick
- Health Union, LLC, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu S, Xiao W, Fang C, Zhang X, Lin J. Social support, belongingness, and value co-creation behaviors in online health communities. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
43
|
Wombacher K, Sheff SE, Itrich N. Social Support for Active Substance Users: A Content Analysis of r/Drugs. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2020; 35:756-765. [PMID: 30887846 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2019.1587691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substance abuse remains an important and dangerous societal issue. In this study, we build on previous literature that identified online social support communities that encouraged unhealthy behaviors, by investigating a platform that provides social support related to engaging in illicit drug use. Three days' worth of posts, amounting to almost 400 pages of written data, was collected and analyzed to identify what types of support were being requested and provided by users. The analysis identified 19 total topics for support, with 14 of those topics relating to action-facilitating support, and five of them relating to nurturant support. The results show that the website is primarily used to discuss topics like drug effects and drug dosages. This raises questions as to whether these discussions increase safety by allowing users to dose accurately, or whether they give users a false sense of security related to their continued substance use.
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu M, Yang Y, Sun Y. Exploring Health Information Sharing Behavior Among Chinese Older Adults: A Social Support Perspective. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:1824-1832. [PMID: 30362825 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1536950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the determinants of health information sharing behaviors of Chinese older adults living in rural areas. Drawing upon a widely used categorization of social support, we tested the effect of social embeddedness and perceived social support on health information sharing behavior, which is conceptualized as a type of enacted social support-informational support. Data were collected between June and August 2014 from 387 older Chinese adults aged 60-79 years in Linxi County of northern China. The results of hierarchical ordinary least squares regression analyses revealed that Chinese older adults' perceived social support from families and social embeddedness were positively associated with health information sharing behavior, net of the influence of social demographic controls and health information seeking and scanning behaviors. Furthermore, health information sharing behavior was also found to be positively associated with health information seeking and scanning behaviors. Overall, this study enriched the existing literature on health information sharing behavior by taking a social support perspective. A number of practical implications were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Normal University
| | - Yiqing Yang
- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Western Carolina University
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Communication, University of Utah
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Peng W, Occa A, McFarlane SJ, Morgan SE. A Content Analysis of the Discussions about Clinical Trials on A Cancer-dedicated Online Forum. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 24:912-922. [PMID: 31709917 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2019.1688895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Enrollment rates of cancer clinical trials remain low, affecting the delivery of effective medical treatments. Recent research has documented common factors affecting trial participation, but to improve these efforts more studies are needed to further understand specific concerns and issues of potential participants in multiple contexts. Forums and other online peer-to-peer health communities are crucial to the coping and survivorship of cancer patients. Online health communities will offer valuable information to understand how patients discuss perceptions, motivations, and challenges associated with clinical trial participation, and to understand how patients provide support to each other. The present study conducted a content analysis of 270 posts shared by 154 unique users between August 2017 and January 2018 on a popular online breast cancer forum. The analysis identifies common characteristics of patient users, salient post themes, perceived barriers, emotions, and misconceptions regarding clinical trial participation. The study findings are generally consistent with previous studies but provide in-depth insights into online support between cancer patients about clinical trial participation. Implications for practice and future research are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- School of Communication, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Aurora Occa
- Department of Communication, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Susan E Morgan
- School of Communication, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Burgess ER, Ringland KE, Nicholas J, Knapp AA, Eschler J, Mohr DC, Reddy MC. "I think people are powerful": The Sociality of Individuals Managing Depression. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 2019; 3:41. [PMID: 36467432 PMCID: PMC9714337 DOI: 10.1145/3359143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Millions of Americans struggle with depression, a condition characterized by feelings of sadness and motivation loss. To understand how individuals managing depression conceptualize their self-management activities, we conducted visual elicitations and semi-structured interviews with 30 participants managing depression in a large city in the U.S. Midwest. Many depression support tools are focused on the individual user and do not often incorporate social features. However, our analysis showed the key importance of sociality for self-management of depression. We describe how individuals connect with specific others to achieve expected support and how these interactions are mediated through locations and communication channels. We discuss factors influencing participants' sociality including relationship roles and expectations, mood state and communication channels, location and privacy, and culture and society. We broaden our understanding of sociality in CSCW through discussing diffuse sociality (being proximate to others but not interacting directly) as an important activity to support depression self-management.
Collapse
|
47
|
Ellway D, Reilly R, Le Couteur A, Ward J. Exploring How People Affected by Methamphetamine Exchange Social Support Through Online Interactions on Facebook: Content Analysis. JMIR Ment Health 2019; 6:e14011. [PMID: 31573926 PMCID: PMC6774572 DOI: 10.2196/14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine is an illicit and addictive psychostimulant that remains to be a significant cause of economic burden in Australia. Social media is increasingly being used by nongovernment organizations and health services to encourage the growth of social support networks among people with health-related issues. Several studies have investigated the utility of social media in providing social support to groups of people with health-related issues. However, limited research exists that explores how people who have been directly or indirectly affected by methamphetamine use social media for social support. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the types of social support being sought and provided by people affected by methamphetamine when interacting with others on a Facebook page. METHODS A total of 14,777 posts were collected from a Facebook page and transferred into an Excel document for content analysis. The posts were manually coded into categories of social support using an adapted version of Cutrona and Suhr's Social Support Behavior Code. Posts could be coded into more than one category. Saturation was reached at 2000 posts, which were used to draw inferences. RESULTS Emotional support was the most offered support type, with 42.05% (841/2000) of posts providing this form of support. This is followed by esteem support, which was provided in 40.40% (808/2000) of posts. Overall, 24.20% (484/2000) of posts offered informational support. Network support and tangible support were the least offered support types, with 2.25% (45/2000) and 1.70% (34/2000) of posts offering these types of support, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that online social support groups can be effective in challenging stigma by encouraging people affected by methamphetamine to connect with each other and talk about their struggles. This in turn represents an important step toward successful rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ellway
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachel Reilly
- Infection and Immunity Aboriginal Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amanda Le Couteur
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - James Ward
- Infection and Immunity Aboriginal Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Stetten NE, LeBeau K, Aguirre MA, Vogt AB, Quintana JR, Jennings AR, Hart M. Analyzing the Communication Interchange of Individuals With Disabilities Utilizing Facebook, Discussion Forums, and Chat Rooms: Qualitative Content Analysis of Online Disabilities Support Groups. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol 2019; 6:e12667. [PMID: 31573937 PMCID: PMC6792025 DOI: 10.2196/12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the United States are currently living with a form of disability. Although the Americans with Disabilities Act has published guidelines to help make developing technology and social networking sites (SNS) more accessible and user-friendly to people with a range of disabilities, persons with disabilities, on average, have less access to the internet than the general population. The quality, content, and medium vary from site to site and have been greatly understudied. Due to this, it is still unclear how persons with disabilities utilize various platforms of online communication for support. Objective The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore and compare the interactions and connections among online support groups across Facebook, discussion forums, and chat rooms to better understand how persons with disabilities were utilizing different SNS to facilitate communication interchange, disseminate information, and foster community support. Methods Facebook groups, discussion forums, and chat rooms were chosen based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Data collected included content posted on Facebook groups, forums, and chat rooms as well as the interactions among group members. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the constant comparative method. Results A total of 133 Facebook posts, 116 forum posts, and 60 hours of chat room discussions were collected and analyzed. In addition, 4 themes were identified for Facebook posts, 3 for discussion forums, and 3 for chat rooms. Persons with disabilities utilized discussion forums and chat rooms in similar ways, but their interactions on Facebook differed in comparison. They seem to interact on a platform based on the specific functions it offers. Conclusions Interactions on each of the platforms displayed elements of the 4 types of social support, indicating the ability for social support to be facilitated among SNS; however, the type of social support varied by platform. Findings demonstrate that online support platforms serve specific purposes that may not be interchangeable. Through participation on different platforms, persons with disabilities are able to provide and receive social support in various ways, without the barriers and constraints often experienced by this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nichole E Stetten
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kelsea LeBeau
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maria A Aguirre
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alexis B Vogt
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jazmine R Quintana
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexis R Jennings
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mark Hart
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Han JY, Kim E, Lee YI, Shah DV, Gustafson DH. A Longitudinal Investigation of Empathic Exchanges in Online Cancer Support Groups: Message Reception and Expression Effects on Patients' Psychosocial Health Outcomes. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 24:615-623. [PMID: 31340721 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2019.1644401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have devoted attention to the effects of both expression and reception in communication process. However, there remain both theoretical and methodological complexities concerning whether and under what condition message expression and reception play significant but different roles in explaining various psychosocial health outcomes. Relying on theoretical insights from the social support literature and methodological innovations offered by computational social science, this study aims to examine the effects of empathic exchanges on cancer patient's short- and long-term psychosocial health outcomes. Our findings suggest that both empathy expression and reception are crucial to attaining benefits for cancer patients, each predicting differential cognitive and affective health outcomes. Further, our finding supports the stress-buffering hypothesis such that empathy reception provides a beneficial effect for patients who experienced a higher degree of depression associated with their cancer diagnosis and follow-up treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yeob Han
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, University of Georgia , Athens , USA
| | | | - Yen-I Lee
- Edward R. Murrow College of Communication, Washington State University , Pullman , USA
| | - Dhavan V Shah
- Center for Health Enhancement Systems Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| | - David H Gustafson
- Center for Health Enhancement Systems Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , WI , USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Examining Predictors of Self-Care Behaviors in Korean Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-017-9664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|