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Zhang P, Guan L, Sun W, Zhang Y, Du Y, Yuan S, Cao X, Yu Z, Jia Q, Zheng X, Meng Z, Li X, Zhao L. Targeting miR-31 represses tumourigenesis and dedifferentiation of BRAF V600E-associated thyroid carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1694. [PMID: 38797942 PMCID: PMC11128713 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAFV600E is the most common genetic mutation in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) occurring in 60% of patients and drives malignant tumour cell phenotypes including proliferation, metastasis and immune-escape. BRAFV600E-mutated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) also displays greatly reduced expression of thyroid differentiation markers, thus tendency to radioactive iodine (RAI) refractory and poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms and main oncogenic events underlying BRAFV600E will guide future therapy development. METHODS Bioinformatics and clinical specimen analyses, genetic manipulation of BRAFV600E-induced PTC model, functional and mechanism exploration guided with transcriptomic screening, as well as systematic rescue experiments were applied to investigate miR-31 function within BRAFV600E-induced thyroid cancer development. Besides, nanoparticles carrying miR-31 antagomirs were testified to alleviate 131I iodide therapy on PTC models. RESULTS We identify miR-31 as a significantly increased onco-miR in BRAFV600E-associated PTC that promotes tumour progression, metastasis and RAI refractoriness via sustained Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Mechanistically, highly activated BRAF/MAPK pathway induces miR-31 expression via c-Jun-mediated transcriptional regulation across in vitro and transgenic mouse models. MiR-31 in turn facilitates β-catenin stabilisation via directly repressing tumour suppressors CEBPA and DACH1, which direct the expression of multiple essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors. Genetic functional assays showed that thyroid-specific knockout of miR-31 inhibited BRAFV600E-induced PTC progression, and strikingly, enhanced expression of sodium-iodide symporter and other thyroid differentiation markers, thus promoted 131I uptake. Nanoparticle-mediated application of anti-miR-31 antagomirs markedly elevated radio-sensitivity of BRAFV600E-induced PTC tumours to 131I therapy, and efficiently suppressed tumour progression in the pre-clinical mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings elucidate a novel BRAF/MAPK-miR-31-Wnt/β-catenin regulatory mechanism underlying clinically BRAFV600E-associated DTC tumourigenesis and dedifferentiation, also highlight a potential adjuvant therapeutic strategy for advanced DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peitao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lizhao Guan
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory of molecular genetics, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaying Du
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Shukai Yuan
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangqian Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Cheng Y, Yang M, Peng J. Correlation the between the regulation of miRNA-1 in c-Met-induced EMT and cervical cancer progression. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3341-3349. [PMID: 30867768 PMCID: PMC6396219 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor of the female reproductive system. Despite advances in cervical cancer therapy, tumor recurrence and metastasis remain the leading cause of mortality for patients with cervical cancer. Therefore, the investigation of tumorigenesis and progression, and the search for novel therapeutic targets, has been the primary focus in cervical cancer research. The aims of the present study were: i) To analyze the alterations in c-Met, E-cadherin and microRNA (miRNA)-1 expression levels in cervical cancer tissues; ii) to assess the correlation between the above genes and the pathological characteristics of the cancer tissues; and iii) to examine the potential mechanism through which miRNA-1 may regulate c-Met-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition to promote the development of cervical cancer. In cervical cancer tissues, c-Met was more highly expressed, while E-cadherin exhibited lower expression levels compared with the adjacent tissues. The 24-month follow-up reported that a lower c-Met expression level was correlated with higher E-cadherin expression levels and a longer survival rate. The miRNA-1 expression level in cancer tissues was 0.41±0.07 times lower compared with the adjacent tissues (P<0.01). A low miRNA expression level was correlated with a low survival rate of patients. In vitro, miRNA-1 inhibited the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cell lines by downregulating c-Met mRNA. When miRNA-1 expression was downregulated in cervical cancer tissues, the inhibition of c-Met expression was reversed. The upregulation of c-Met expression levels was able to inhibit E-cadherin expression, which triggered the proliferation, migration and infiltration of cancer cells, and thus reduced patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014000, P.R. China
| | - Minliang Yang
- Medical Ultrasound Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xian, Shanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Jingxian Peng
- Microbiology Laboratory, Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014000, P.R. China
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3
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Zhu Y, Ma Y, Peng H, Gong L, Xiao M, Xiang L, He D, Cao K. MiR-130b promotes the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting SASH1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:93-103. [PMID: 30443973 PMCID: PMC6307769 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR‐130b and SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 (SASH1) play an important role in many types of human cancers. The aim of our research was to study their interactions in the process of the proliferation and aggressiveness of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Microarray analysis was done to screen the differentially expressed genes in the ESCC tissues. miR‐130b and SASH1 mRNA levels in the ESCC tissues and cells were detected by qRT‐PCR. Dual luciferase reporter system was used to verify the target relationship between miR‐130b and SASH1. The effects of miR‐130b on SASH1 expression were explored by western blot in KYSE30 and TE1 cell lines. CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, Transwell, and wound healing assays were conducted to explore the effects of miR‐130b and SASH1 in vitro. In addition, in vivo experiments were conducted to study the roles of miR‐130b and SASH1. miR‐130b was highly expressed, while SASH1 was the opposite in both the ESCC tissues and cells. The expression of SASH1 was inhibited by the direct binding of miR‐130b. The inhibition of miR‐130b reduced the proliferation and aggressiveness of ESCC cells, while it also induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the ESCC cells by suppressing SASH1. The in vivo assay suggested that the overexpression of miR‐130b promoted the growth of ESCC tumours. MiR‐130b was up‐regulated in the ESCC tumour tissues and cells, acting as a tumour promoter. A stimulating effect was demonstrated on ESCC cell growth and aggressiveness by suppressing SASH1, which is an anti‐oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanni Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghua Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengqin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Respiration, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Li K, Ma YB, Zhang Z, Tian YH, Xu XL, He YQ, Xu L, Gao Y, Pan WT, Song WJ, He X, Wei L. Upregulated IQUB promotes cell proliferation and migration via activating Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3875-3888. [PMID: 29968965 PMCID: PMC6089180 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer was the highest incidence of tumor in women, which seriously threaten women's health. Our previous study found that the expression of IQUB (IQ motif and ubiquitin domain containing) was significantly increased in the development of breast cancer by transcriptome sequencing. However, there were no studies on the mechanism of IQUB in tumorigenesis. Further study showed that IQUB expression was significantly increased in breast cancer, which had a significantly positive correlation with pathological differentiation of breast cancer by tissue microarray analysis. Furthermore, we also discovered that IQUB overexpression could obviously promote the proliferation and migration of MCF‐7 cells and increase the proportion of MCF‐7 cells in S and G2/M phase in vitro study, while knockdown of IQUB caused inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in MDA‐MB‐231 cells and increased the proportion of MDA‐MB‐231 cells in G1 phase. Furthermore, IQUB overexpression or knockdown combined with treatment of Licl or MG‐132 showed that IQUB activated Akt to promote GSK3β phosphorylation, which in turn activated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicated that upregulated IQUB promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration via activating Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway, which played an important part in the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-Bin Ma
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zun Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi-Hao Tian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Long Xu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-Qi He
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Ting Pan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Song
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin He
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Gül N, Temel B, Ustek D, Sirma-Ekmekçi S, Kapran Y, Tunca F, Giles-Şenyürek Y, Özbek U, Alagöl F. Association of Pro-apoptotic Bad Gene Expression Changes with Benign Thyroid Nodules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:555-559. [PMID: 29695560 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to investigate the role of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in benign thyroid nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paired samples of nodular and normal tissues were collected from 26 patients with nodular goiters undergoing thyroidectomy. Variable expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Bad genes were evaluated by quantitative PCR. RESULTS Expression level of Bad gene in nodules was found to be significantly decreased compared to normal tissues (p=0.049). A positive correlation was observed between nodule size and Bad expression levels (correlation coefficient=0.563, p=0.004); and this correlation was stronger in hot nodules (n=18, correlation coefficient=0.689, p=0.003). No significant difference was observed between nodular and normal tissue expressions of Bax and Bcl-2. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Bad expression correlates with the size of benign thyroid nodules and also its relatively lower expression in nodules, warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Gül
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berna Temel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duran Ustek
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Sirma-Ekmekçi
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yersu Kapran
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Tunca
- Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Giles-Şenyürek
- Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Özbek
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faruk Alagöl
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Li K, Xu X, He Y, Tian Y, Pan W, Xu L, Ma Y, Gao Y, Gao J, Qi Y, Wei L, Zhang J. P21-activated kinase 7 (PAK7) interacts with and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:1821-1835. [PMID: 29805709 PMCID: PMC5968771 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the highest incidence of tumor in women, which seriously threaten women's health. The occurrence and progression of breast cancer is linked to inactivation or downregulation of tumor suppressors, and activation or upregulation of oncogenes. However, the mechanism of PAK7 involving in the occurrence and progression of breast cancer is not yet fully understood. Methods: PAK7 expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopatholgical parameters in breast cancer tissue microarray. The effects of PAK7 on breast cancer cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, colon formation assay, wound healing and transwell assays, and flow cytometry. The relationship between PAK7 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined by western blotting, TOP/FOP flash, co-Immunoprecipitation and co-localization assays. Results: PAK7 expression was significantly increased in breast cancer tissues and positively correlated with pathological differentiation and TNM stage of breast cancer. Overexpression of PAK7 could significantly promote proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells, and inhibit apoptosis. In contrast, PAK7 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. In addition, PAK7 could activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Further study found that PAK7 could directly bind to GSK3β and β-catenin, and regulate β-catenin degradation by phosphorylating GSK3β. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that PAK7, as an oncogene, involved in breast cancer progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting that the potential applicability of PAK7 as a target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yanqi He
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yihao Tian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting Pan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yanbin Ma
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jingbo Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yuwen Qi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
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7
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Samsonov R, Burdakov V, Shtam T, Radzhabovа Z, Vasilyev D, Tsyrlina E, Titov S, Ivanov M, Berstein L, Filatov M, Kolesnikov N, Gil-Henn H, Malek A. Plasma exosomal miR-21 and miR-181a differentiates follicular from papillary thyroid cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12011-12021. [PMID: 27164936 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence has increased over the last few decades. As has been revealed by a number of studies, TC tissue's micro-RNA (miRNA) profile may reflect histological features and the clinical behavior of tumor. However, alteration of the miRNA profile of plasma exosomes associated with TC development has to date not been explored. We isolated exosomes from plasma and assayed their characteristics using laser diffraction particle size analysis, atomic force microscopy, and western blotting. Next, we profiled cancer-associated miRNAs in plasma exosomes obtained from papillary TC patients, before and after surgical removal of the tumor. The diagnostic value of selected miRNAs was evaluated in a large cohort of patients displaying different statuses of thyroid nodule disease. MiRNA assessment was performed by RT-qPCR. In total, 60 patients with different types of thyroid nodal pathology were included in the study. Our results revealed that the development of papillary TC is associated with specific changes in exosomal miRNA profiles; this phenomenon can be used for differential diagnostics. MiRNA-31 was found to be over-represented in the plasma exosomes of patients with papillary TC vs. benign tumors, while miRNA-21 helped to distinguish between benign tumors and follicular TC. MiRNA-21 and MiRNA-181a-5p were found to be expressed reciprocally in the exosomes of patients with papillary and follicular TC, and their comparative assessment may help to distinguish between these types of TC with 100 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Samsonov
- Oncosystem Ltd, Hoshimina 11/1-207, Saint-Petersburg, 194356, Russia.,NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Vladimir Burdakov
- FSBI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Saint-Petersburg, 188300, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, Saint-Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - Tatiana Shtam
- FSBI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Saint-Petersburg, 188300, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, Saint-Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - Zamira Radzhabovа
- NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Dmitry Vasilyev
- NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Evgenia Tsyrlina
- NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Sergey Titov
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Lavrentieva 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Michail Ivanov
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Lavrentieva 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Lev Berstein
- NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia
| | - Michael Filatov
- FSBI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Saint-Petersburg, 188300, Russia.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, Saint-Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kolesnikov
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Lavrentieva 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Henrietta Szold 8, Safed, 13100, Israel
| | - Anastasia Malek
- Oncosystem Ltd, Hoshimina 11/1-207, Saint-Petersburg, 194356, Russia. .,NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya 68, Saint-Petersburg, 197758, Russia. .,Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Henrietta Szold 8, Safed, 13100, Israel.
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8
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Chen C, Xue Y, Zhang D, Xu W, Xu H, Yao H, Pei D, Gu Y. Short hairpin RNA silencing of TGF-βRII and FZD-7 synergistically suppresses proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2039-2046. [PMID: 26998118 PMCID: PMC4774445 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional regulator of cell growth, apoptosis, differentiation and migration. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases, including numerous cancers and degenerative disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate if simultaneous blocking of TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Short hairpin (sh) RNA eukaryotic expression vectors, specific to TGF-β receptor II (RII) and Frizzled receptor (FZD)-7, were constructed by gene recombination. The expression vectors were transfected into human HCC HepG2 and Huh-7 cells using Lipofectamine 2000 to investigate the synergistic effects between TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways on HCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and the cell-cycle distribution. Western blot analysis was used to identify the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 in transfected cells to investigate the underlying mechanisms that cause TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HCC cells. shTGF-βRII-c and shFZD-7-2 were selected as the most efficient plasmids. A cell growth assay and colony-forming assay consistently demonstrated that the proliferative activity of the co-transfected group was significantly decreased compared to the single-transfected group. A wound healing invasion and migration assay demonstrated that co-transfection of shTGF-βRII-c and shFZD-7-2 decreased the invasion and migration abilities of the cells compared with either single-transfected group. In addition, the present study demonstrated that the observed reduction in cell proliferation was due to the cells arresting at the G1 phase of the cell cycle, and the downregulation of β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 impaired the proliferative and invasive abilities of the HCC cells. The present results demonstrate that simultaneous blocking of TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling by targeting TGF-βRII and FZD-7 may inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells more effectively compared with blocking either the TGF-β or Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Xue
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Pei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Gu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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Yang P, Ni F, Deng RQ, Qiang G, Zhao H, Yang MZ, Wang XY, Xu YZ, Chen L, Chen DL, Chen ZJ, Kan LX, Wang SY. MiR-362-5p promotes the malignancy of chronic myelocytic leukaemia via down-regulation of GADD45α. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:190. [PMID: 26545365 PMCID: PMC4636774 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miR, miRNAs) play pivotal roles in numerous physiological and pathophysiological contexts. We investigated whether miR-362-5p act as an oncogene in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and aimed to understand its potential underlying mechanisms. Methods We compared the miR-362-5p expression levels between CML and non-CML cell lines, and between fresh blood samples from CML patients and normal healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V-FITC/PI analyses were used to measure the effects of miR-362-5p on proliferation and apoptosis, and Transwell assays were used to evaluate migration and invasion. A xenograft model was used to examine in vivo tumourigenicity. The potential target of miR-362-5p was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay, qPCR and western blotting. Involvement of the JNK1/2 and P38 pathways was investigated by western blotting. Results miR-362-5p was up-regulated in CML cell lines and fresh blood samples from CML patients, and was associated with Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible (GADD)45α down-regulation. Inhibition of miR-362-5p simultaneously repressed tumour growth and up-regulated GADD45α expression in a xenograft model. Consistently, the knockdown of GADD45α expression partially neutralized the effects of miR-362-5p inhibition. Furthermore study suggested that GADD45α mediated downstream the effects of miR-362-5p, which might indirectly regulates the activation of the JNK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways. Conclusion miR-362-5p acts as an oncomiR that down-regulates GADD45α, which consequently activates the JNK1/2 and P38 signalling. This finding provides novel insights into CML leukaemogenesis and may help identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0465-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China. .,Department of Transfusion, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
| | - Fang Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Rui-Qing Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Guo Qiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Ming-Zhen Yang
- Department of Haematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - You-Zhi Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Dan-Lei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Li-Xin Kan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Si-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, 81 MeiShan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare malignancy of the thyroid with a high mortality rate. Conventional therapy has not been effective. Several biological agents are being investigated. The purpose of the review is to highlight the current standards for treatment and review new targets for treating ATC. RECENT FINDINGS Retrospective studies have led to formulation of guidelines for management, including those by the American Thyroid Association. An expansion in the understanding of the genetic mutations has led to several newer biological agents being tested to treat ATC. Aurora kinase inhibitors, PPAR γ agonists, and vascular targeting agents are some of the latest therapeutic agents that have shown promise and could become standard of therapy with further supporting research. SUMMARY Further well coordinated preclinical and clinical research is needed to support the emerging treatments for ATC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Ranganath
- aMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York bMercy Catholic Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA
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11
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Floor SL, Trésallet C, Hébrant A, Desbuleux A, Libert F, Hoang C, Capello M, Andry G, van Staveren WCG, Maenhaut C. microRNA expression in autonomous thyroid adenomas: Correlation with mRNA regulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 411:1-10. [PMID: 25916957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify the deregulated miRNA in autonomous adenoma and to correlate the data with mRNA regulation. Seven autonomous adenoma with adjacent healthy thyroid tissues were investigated. Twelve miRNAs were downregulated and one was upregulated in the tumors. Combining bioinformatic mRNA target prediction and microarray data on mRNA regulations allowed to identify mRNA targets of our deregulated miRNAs. A large enrichment in mRNA encoding proteins involved in extracellular matrix organization and different phosphodiesterases were identified among these putative targets. The direct interaction between miR-101-3p and miR-144-3p and PDE4D mRNA was experimentally validated. The global miRNA profiles were not greatly modified, confirming the definition of these tumors as minimal deviation tumors. These results support a role for miRNA in the regulation of extracellular matrix proteins and tissue remodeling occurring during tumor development, and in the important negative feedback of the cAMP pathway, which limits the consequences of its constitutive activation in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien L Floor
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Aline Hébrant
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alice Desbuleux
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Hoang
- Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Capello
- Hopital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Andry
- Institut J. Bordet, 121 Bld de Waterloo, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wilma C G van Staveren
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carine Maenhaut
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgique.
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12
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Expression of dicer and its related miRNAs in the progression of prostate cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120159. [PMID: 25768283 PMCID: PMC4358996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer is aberrantly expressed in several types of malignancies. Cleaved by Dicer, the small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered potential tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. This study investigated the expression of miRNAs thought to target Dicer. Expression of 1,205 human miRNAs and miRNA*s were examined in four patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by miRNA array in which the threshold was set as two-fold. Seventy-three miRNAs and miRNA*s were significantly down-regulated while 10 were up-regulated in PCa tissues compared with matched histologically normal glands. Of these, miR-29b-1, miR-200a, miR-370, and miR-31, which were the most down/up-regulated and closely potentially target to the Dicer 3' UTR, were investigated further. Tissues of primary tumors and matched normal prostate glands from 185 patients with PCa were collected for further investigation. Dicer mRNA levels were negatively correlated with miR-29b-1 (ρs = -0.177, p = 0.017), miR-200a (ρs = -0.489, p < 0.0001) and miR-31 (ρs = -0.314, p < 0.0001) expression. Compared with adjacent normal glands, PCa tissues showed significantly lower miR-200a and miR-31 expression levels. Furthermore, in metastatic PCa, the expression levels of miR-200a, miR-370, and miR-31 were dramatically higher than in localized PCa. Additionally, elevated expression levels of miR-200a and miR-31 appeared to be associated with castration-resistant PCa. These findings suggest possibilities that miR-200a and miR-31 target Dicer and are involved in the carcinogenesis, migration, and behavior of castration-resistant PCa, indicating that they could be potential biomarkers for monitoring PCa progression.
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13
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Fuziwara CS, Kimura ET. MicroRNA Deregulation in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Biology. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:743450. [PMID: 25202329 PMCID: PMC4151544 DOI: 10.1155/2014/743450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is among the most lethal types of cancers, characterized as a fast-growing and highly invasive thyroid tumor that is unresponsive to surgery and radioiodine, blunting therapeutic efficacy. Classically, genetic alterations in tumor suppressor TP53 are frequent, and cumulative alterations in different signaling pathways, such as MAPK and PI3K, are detected in ATC. Recently, deregulation in microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small endogenous RNAs that regulate protein expression, has been implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Deregulation of miRNA expression is detected in thyroid cancer. Upregulation of miRNAs, such as miR-146b, miR-221, and miR-222, is observed in ATC and also in differentiated thyroid cancer (papillary and follicular), indicating that these miRNAs' overexpression is essential in maintaining tumorigenesis. However, specific miRNAs are downregulated in ATC, such as those of the miR-200 and miR-30 families, which are important negative regulators of cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), processes that are overactivated in ATC. Therefore, molecular interference to restore the expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs, or to blunt overexpressed oncogenic miRNAs, is a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate the treatment of ATC. In this review, we will explore the importance of miRNA deregulation for ATC cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Seigi Fuziwara
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Room 414, CEP, Butantã, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edna Teruko Kimura
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Room 414, CEP, Butantã, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Benvenga S, Koch CA. Molecular pathways associated with aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer. Curr Genomics 2014; 15:162-70. [PMID: 24955023 PMCID: PMC4064555 DOI: 10.2174/1389202915999140404100958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common thyroid malignancy is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Mortality rates from PTC mainly depend on its aggressiveness. Geno- and phenotyping of aggressive PTC has advanced our understanding of treatment failures and of potential future therapies. Unraveling molecular signaling pathways of PTC including its aggressive forms will hopefully pave the road to reduce mortality but also morbidity from this cancer. The mitogen-activated protein kinase and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway as well as the family of RAS oncogenes and BRAF as a member of the RAF protein family and the aberrant expression of microRNAs miR-221, miR-222, and miR-146b all play major roles in tumor initiation and progression of aggressive PTC. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting BRAF-mediated events, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, RET/PTC rearrangements, and other molecular targets, show promising results to improve treatment of radioiodine resistant, recurrent, and aggressive PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Christian A Koch
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA ; GV (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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15
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overexpression of p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) is discovered in many tumors, probably due to its regulation in cytoskeleton, antiapoptosis and proliferation. A better understanding of the modulation mechanisms of PAK5 is needed for the development of tumor treatment where current therapeutics is inadequate. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the current understanding of PAK5 functions as an oncogenic kinase in tumor cellular regulation. Mechanisms of action and molecular pathways involved in cytoskeleton regulation, antiapoptosis and proliferation of tumors are discussed. EXPERT OPINION PAKs are serine/threonine kinases and downstream effectors for Cdc42 and Rac, the subfamilies of Rho small GTPases. PAK5 shares sequence identities in p21-GTPase-binding domain and kinase domain and is completely different in other regions compared with other PAKs. Overexpression of PAK5 has been found in several tumors, probably due to its contribution to proliferation, cytoskeleton and anti-apoptosis. Additional regulation mechanisms which are independent of Rho GTPases also indicate that PAK5 functions as a special signal molecule in cellular signaling pathways of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College , 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu , China +86 0516 85582513 ; ;
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16
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Wojtas B, Ferraz C, Stokowy T, Hauptmann S, Lange D, Dralle H, Musholt T, Jarzab B, Paschke R, Eszlinger M. Differential miRNA expression defines migration and reduced apoptosis in follicular thyroid carcinomas. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 388:1-9. [PMID: 24631480 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify microRNAs (miRs) characteristic for follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and to define their role in tumorigenesis. A miR-microarray study was conducted to identify miRs differentially expressed between FTCs and their surrounding tissues. Selection was further reinforced by a literature review. Four miRs were selected and confirmed by RT-qPCR: miR-146b, -183, -221 were up-regulated, whereas miR-199b down-regulated in FTCs. The influence of these miRs on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and migration was studied in HTori and FTC-133 cells. Functional characterization suggests an impact of miR-183 and miR-146b in FTC development. Overexpression of both miRs significantly induces migration. Moreover, overexpression of miR-183 significantly represses apoptosis. MiR-199b and -221 do not have significant effects on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis or migration in HTori and FTC-133 cells. Our data suggest that miR-146b and miR-183 may influence FTC development through the induction of migration and apoptosis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Wojtas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze AK 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Carolina Ferraz
- Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tomasz Stokowy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze AK 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; Systems Engineering Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Steffen Hauptmann
- Department of Pathology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Dariusz Lange
- Tumor Pathology Department, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze AK 15, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Henning Dralle
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Thomas Musholt
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Barbara Jarzab
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze AK 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Ralf Paschke
- Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Markus Eszlinger
- Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Stokowy T, Eszlinger M, Świerniak M, Fujarewicz K, Jarząb B, Paschke R, Krohn K. Analysis options for high-throughput sequencing in miRNA expression profiling. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:144. [PMID: 24625073 PMCID: PMC4007773 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently high-throughput sequencing (HTS) using next generation sequencing techniques became useful in digital gene expression profiling. Our study introduces analysis options for HTS data based on mapping to miRBase or counting and grouping of identical sequence reads. Those approaches allow a hypothesis free detection of miRNA differential expression. Methods We compare our results to microarray and qPCR data from one set of RNA samples. We use Illumina platforms for microarray analysis and miRNA sequencing of 20 samples from benign follicular thyroid adenoma and malignant follicular thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, we use three strategies for HTS data analysis to evaluate miRNA biomarkers for malignant versus benign follicular thyroid tumors. Results High correlation of qPCR and HTS data was observed for the proposed analysis methods. However, qPCR is limited in the differential detection of miRNA isoforms. Moreover, we illustrate a much broader dynamic range of HTS compared to microarrays for small RNA studies. Finally, our data confirm hsa-miR-197-3p, hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-222-3p and both hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-144-5p as potential follicular thyroid cancer biomarkers. Conclusions Compared to microarrays HTS provides a global profile of miRNA expression with higher specificity and in more detail. Summarizing of HTS reads as isoform groups (analysis pipeline B) or according to functional criteria (seed analysis pipeline C), which better correlates to results of qPCR are promising new options for HTS analysis. Finally, data opens future miRNA research perspectives for HTS and indicates that qPCR might be limited in validating HTS data in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Knut Krohn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Leipzig, Liebigstr, 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Downregulation of PAK5 inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion potentially through the PAK5-Egr1-MMP2 signaling pathway. Brain Tumor Pathol 2013; 31:234-41. [PMID: 24062079 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-013-0161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PAK5 (p21 activated kinase 5) is upregulated in human colorectal carcinoma cells and is a known tumor promoter in carcinogenesis of the colon. Little is known regarding the mechanisms underlying the downstream targets of PAK5, and information concerning its biological significance in glioma is lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of PAK5 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in human U87 and U251 glioma cells and examined the underlying molecular mechanism. We performed cell growth assays and cell cycle analysis to observe the cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate apoptosis, and in vitro scratch assays, cell migration assays, and gelatin zymography were performed to examine cell migration. Western blot analysis was performed to examine signal transduction in the cells. We demonstrated that suppression of PAK5 in glioma cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion. We also observed that suppression of PAK5 in human glioma cell lines inhibited cell growth because of G1 phase arrest. Additionally, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis indicated that PAK5 could inhibit cell apoptosis. These results suggest that the PAK5-Egr1-MMP2 signaling pathway is involved in tumor progression and may have a potential role in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Wang XX, Cheng Q, Zhang SN, Qian HY, Wu JX, Tian H, Pei DS, Zheng JN. PAK5-Egr1-MMP2 signaling controls the migration and invasion in breast cancer cell. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:2721-9. [PMID: 23696025 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are activated by various extracellular stimuli and, in turn, activate other kinases by phosphorylating them at specific serine/threonine residues or through protein-protein interaction. As a recently identified member of the group B PAK family, the role of PAK5 in cancer is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of PAK5 on the malignant phenotype, such as proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Cell growth assay and cell cycle analysis consistently showed that knockdown of PAK5 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Wound healing assay. migration assay, and invasion assay showed that PAK5 promoted cell migration. Furthermore, in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PAK5 on cellular growth and migration, we examined the protein expressions of cyclin D1, p21, early growth response protein 1 (Egr1), and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Our work further reveals the PAK5-Egr1-MMP2 signaling pathway to be a critical regulator of cell migration and invasion. These results suggest that PAK5 may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
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Li BL, Lu C, Lu W, Yang TT, Qu J, Hong X, Wan XP. miR-130b is an EMT-related microRNA that targets DICER1 for aggression in endometrial cancer. Med Oncol 2013; 30:484. [PMID: 23392577 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy, but the molecular events involved in the development and progression of EC remain unclear. Certain microRNAs (miRNAs) and DICER1 play important roles in cell motility and survival. This study investigated the role of miR-130b and DICER1 in EC. We profiled miR-130b and DICER1 expression in clinical samples explored its relationship with clinical parameters. A luciferase reporter assay assessed the miR-130b targeting potential of DICER1. We show both in vitro and in vivo that miR-130b overexpression along with DICER1 dysfunction leads to tumor aggression and miRNA synthesis abnormalities that are related to cancer hallmarks through DICER1-miRNAs axis modulation. We also identify the mechanism related to this potential tumor predisposing phenotype: miR-130b and loss of DICER1 induced abnormal expression of EMT-related genes, which constitutes a loop regulation of the miR-130b-DICER1-EMT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Lan Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
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