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Hansen D, Beckers P, Neunhäuserer D, Bjarnason-Wehrens B, Piepoli MF, Rauch B, Völler H, Corrà U, Garcia-Porrero E, Schmid JP, Lamotte M, Doherty P, Reibis R, Niebauer J, Dendale P, Davos CH, Kouidi E, Spruit MA, Vanhees L, Cornelissen V, Edelmann F, Barna O, Stettler C, Tonoli C, Greco E, Pedretti R, Abreu A, Ambrosetti M, Braga SS, Bussotti M, Faggiano P, Takken T, Vigorito C, Schwaab B, Coninx K. Standardised Exercise Prescription for Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome and/or Heart Failure: A Consensus Statement from the EXPERT Working Group. Sports Med 2023; 53:2013-2037. [PMID: 37648876 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Whereas exercise training, as part of multidisciplinary rehabilitation, is a key component in the management of patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and/or congestive heart failure (CHF), physicians and exercise professionals disagree among themselves on the type and characteristics of the exercise to be prescribed to these patients, and the exercise prescriptions are not consistent with the international guidelines. This impacts the efficacy and quality of the intervention of rehabilitation. To overcome these barriers, a digital training and decision support system [i.e. EXercise Prescription in Everyday practice & Rehabilitative Training (EXPERT) tool], i.e. a stepwise aid to exercise prescription in patients with CCS and/or CHF, affected by concomitant risk factors and comorbidities, in the setting of multidisciplinary rehabilitation, was developed. The EXPERT working group members reviewed the literature and formulated exercise recommendations (exercise training intensity, frequency, volume, type, session and programme duration) and safety precautions for CCS and/or CHF (including heart transplantation). Also, highly prevalent comorbidities (e.g. peripheral arterial disease) or cardiac devices (e.g. pacemaker, implanted cardioverter defibrillator, left-ventricular assist device) were considered, as well as indications for the in-hospital phase (e.g. after coronary revascularisation or hospitalisation for CHF). The contributions of physical fitness, medications and adverse events during exercise testing were also considered. The EXPERT tool was developed on the basis of this evidence. In this paper, the exercise prescriptions for patients with CCS and/or CHF formulated for the EXPERT tool are presented. Finally, to demonstrate how the EXPERT tool proposes exercise prescriptions in patients with CCS and/or CHF with different combinations of CVD risk factors, three patient cases with solutions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Hansen
- Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium.
- UHasselt, BIOMED (Biomedical Research Institute) and REVAL (Rehabilitation Research Centre) (REVAL/BIOMED), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Paul Beckers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Translational Pathophysiological Research, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel Neunhäuserer
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens
- Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport and Exercise Medicine, Institute for Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sports University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Clinical Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Rauch
- Institut für Herzinfarktforschung Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein/Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein/Zentrum für Ambulante Rehabilitation, ZAR Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Heinz Völler
- Department of Cardiology, Klinik am See, Rüdersdorf, Germany
- Center of Rehabilitation Research, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ugo Corrà
- Cardiologic Rehabilitation Department, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Salvatore Maugeri, SPA, SB, Scientific Institute of di Veruno, IRCCS, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Paul Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Rona Reibis
- Cardiological Outpatient Clinics at the Park Sanssouci, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josef Niebauer
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Molecular Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehab-Center Salzburg, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Paul Dendale
- Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
- UHasselt, BIOMED (Biomedical Research Institute) and REVAL (Rehabilitation Research Centre) (REVAL/BIOMED), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- Laboratory of Sports Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- UHasselt, BIOMED (Biomedical Research Institute) and REVAL (Rehabilitation Research Centre) (REVAL/BIOMED), Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Research & Education; CIRO+, Centre of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn/Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Vanhees
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department Rehabilitation Sciences, University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Véronique Cornelissen
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department Rehabilitation Sciences, University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Barna
- Family Medicine Department, National O.O. Bogomolets Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Christoph Stettler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrion, University Hospital/Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cajsa Tonoli
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ana Abreu
- Centre of Cardiovascular RehabilitationCardiology Department, Centro Universitário Hospitalar Lisboa Norte & Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Lisboa/Instituto Saúde Ambiental & Instituto Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade Medicina da Universidade Lisboa/CCUL/CAML, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco Ambrosetti
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Le Terrazze Clinic, Cunardo, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Bussotti
- Unit of Cardiorespiratory Rehabilitation, Instituti Clinici Maugeri, IRCCS, Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tim Takken
- Division of Pediatrics, Child Development & Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Internal Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Bernhard Schwaab
- Curschmann Clinic, Rehabilitation Center for Cardiology, Vascular Diseases and Diabetes, Timmendorfer Strand/Medical Faculty, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karin Coninx
- UHasselt, Faculty of Sciences, Human-Computer Interaction and eHealth, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
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Gillet A, Lamotte M, Forton K, Roussoulières A, Dewachter C, Bouziotis J, Deboeck G, van de Borne P. Hemodynamic Tolerance of New Resistance Training Methods in Patients With Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER STUDY. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2023; 43:453-459. [PMID: 37040560 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of three different resistance training (RT) methods for cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS Individuals with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, n = 23) or coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 22) and healthy controls (CTRL, n = 29) participated in this randomized crossover trial of RT exercises at 70% of the one-maximal repetition on a leg extension machine. Peak heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured noninvasively. The three RT methods were five sets of increasing repetitions from three to seven (RISE), of decreasing repetitions from seven to three (DROP), and three sets of nine repetitions (USUAL). Interset rest intervals were 15 sec for RISE and DROP and 60 sec for USUAL. RESULTS Peak HR differed on average by <4 bpm between methods in the HFrEF and CAD groups ( P < .02). Rises in systolic BP (SBP) in the HFrEF group were comparable across methods. In the CAD group, mean SBP at peak exercise increased more in RISE and DROP than in USUAL ( P < .001), but the increase was ≤10 mm Hg. In the CTRL group, SBP was higher for DROP than for USUAL (152 ± 22 vs 144 ± 24 mm Hg, respectively; P < .01). Peak cardiac output and perceived exertion did not differ between methods. CONCLUSIONS The RISE, DROP, and USUAL RT methods induced a similar perception of effort and similar increases in peak HR and BP. The RISE and DROP methods appear more efficient as they allow a comparable training volume in a shorter time than the USUAL method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Gillet
- Departments of Cardiology (Mr Gillet and Drs Lamotte, Forton, Roussoulières, Dewachter, and van de Borne), Physiotherapy (Mr Gillet and Drs Lamotte and Forton), and Biomedical Research (Mr Bouziotis), Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Research Unit in Rehabilitation, Faculty of Motor Skills Science (Mr Gillet and Dr Deboeck) and Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine (Dr Dewachter), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Way KL, Thomas HJ, Parker L, Maiorana A, Keske MA, Scott D, Reed JL, Tieng J, Hackett D, Hawkins T, Latella C, Cordina R, Tran DL. Cluster Sets to Prescribe Interval Resistance Training: A Potential Method to Optimise Resistance Training Safety, Feasibility and Efficacy in Cardiac Patients. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:86. [PMID: 37725296 PMCID: PMC10509118 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The integration of resistance training for cardiac patients leads to important health outcomes that are not optimally obtained with aerobic exercise; these include an increase in muscle mass, maintenance of bone mineral density, and improvements in muscular fitness parameters. Despite the proliferation of evidence supporting resistance exercise in recent decades, the implementation of resistance training is underutilised, and prescription is often sub-optimal in cardiac patients. This is frequently associated with safety concerns and inadequate methods of practical exercise prescription. This review discusses the potential application of cluster sets to prescribe interval resistance training in cardiac populations. The addition of planned, regular passive intra-set rest periods (cluster sets) in resistance training (i.e., interval resistance training) may be a practical solution for reducing the magnitude of haemodynamic responses observed with traditional resistance training. This interval resistance training approach may be a more suitable option for cardiac patients. Additionally, many cardiac patients present with impaired exercise tolerance; this model of interval resistance training may be a more suitable option to reduce fatigue, increase patient tolerance and enhance performance to these workloads. Practical strategies to implement interval resistance training for cardiac patients are also discussed. Preliminary evidence suggests that interval resistance training may lead to safer acute haemodynamic responses in cardiac patients. Future research is needed to determine the efficacy and feasibility of interval resistance training for health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley L Way
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Hannah J Thomas
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Andrew Maiorana
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Reed
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Tieng
- Epigenetics and RNA Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Daniel Hackett
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Tess Hawkins
- Concord Centre for STRONG Medicine, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord West, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Latella
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Rachael Cordina
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek L Tran
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- Human Performance Research Centre, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Moore Park, NSW, Australia.
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4
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Verdicchio C, Freene N, Hollings M, Maiorana A, Briffa T, Gallagher R, Hendriks JM, Abell B, Brown A, Colquhoun D, Howden E, Hansen D, Reading S, Redfern J. A Clinical Guide for Assessment and Prescription of Exercise and Physical Activity in Cardiac Rehabilitation. A CSANZ Position Statement. Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:1035-1048. [PMID: 37516652 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.06.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cardiovascular disease benefit from cardiac rehabilitation, which includes structured exercise and physical activity as core components. This position statement provides pragmatic, evidence-based guidance for the assessment and prescription of exercise and physical activity for cardiac rehabilitation clinicians, recognising the latest international guidelines, scientific evidence and the increasing use of technology and virtual delivery methods. The patient-centred assessment and prescription of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise and physical activity have been addressed, including progression and safety considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Verdicchio
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, SAHMRI and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Nicole Freene
- Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthew Hollings
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Maiorana
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia; Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tom Briffa
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robyn Gallagher
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeroen M Hendriks
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, SAHMRI and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bridget Abell
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Alex Brown
- Telethon Kids Institute, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David Colquhoun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Wesley Medical Centre, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Erin Howden
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Dominique Hansen
- UHasselt, REVAL/BIOMED (Rehabilitation Research Centre), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Stacey Reading
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Julie Redfern
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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5
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Soltani M, Sarvestan A, Hoseinzadeh F, Ahmadizad S, Kingsley JD. The effects of type of recovery in resistance exercise on responses of platelet indices and hemodynamic variables. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290076. [PMID: 37595001 PMCID: PMC10437857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the effects of two different volume-matched resistance exercise (RE) recovery protocols (passive and active) on platelet indices and hemodynamic variables. Twelve Healthy participants (mean ± SD; 25 ± 3 yrs) completed a traditional resistance exercise (TRE) protocol that included three sets of six repetitions at 80% one repetition maximum (1RM) with two minutes passive recovery between sets, exercises and an interval resistance exercise (IRE) protocol that included three sets of six repetitions at 60%1RM followed by active recovery including six repetitions of the same exercise at 20%1RM. Blood samples for multiple platelet indices were taken before the protocols, immediately-post (IP), and after 1-hour recovery. Hemodynamic variables were measured before, IP, and every five minutes during recovery. Mean platelet volume and platelet large cell ratio P_LCR decreased from baseline to recovery. Heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP) were augmented at IP following IRE compared to TRE. HR was significantly elevated for 20 minutes after both RE protocols, and RPP recovered by five minutes. Systolic blood pressure was increased at IP compared to baseline and all recovery time points for both RE protocols. Our research demonstrated that both RE protocols, produced transient increases in platelet indices (MPV, and P_LCR) and hemodynamic variables (SBP, HR, and RPP), all of which returned to baseline within an hour. Notably, the IRE protocol elicited a greater increase in HR and RPP compared to the TRE protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Soltani
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Atefe Sarvestan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hoseinzadeh
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Ahmadizad
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - J. Derek Kingsley
- Exercise Science and Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
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Zheng X, Headley SA, Maris SA, Smith DM. Acute cardiovascular responses to unilateral bicep curls with blood flow restriction. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:179-185. [PMID: 36816779 PMCID: PMC9906011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A consensus on the acute cardiovascular responses to low intensity (LI) resistance exercise (RE) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) has not yet been reached. This study was designed to compare acute cardiovascular responses to a single bout of LIRE, high intensity (HI) RE, and LIRE with BFR in physically active young males. Participants completed 3 RE sessions in random order, where each session consists of 4 sets of unilateral dumbbell bicep curls. Cardiovascular hemodynamics were measured at baseline and right after each set of RE. Aortic augmentation index (AIx) was significantly higher after set 2,3,4 of RE in LI + BFR session compared to LI session (P < 0.05). Brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), brachial rate pressure product (RPP), and central RPP responses did not differ between LI and LI + BFR sessions (P > 0.05). HI session had a higher central SBP, brachial RPP, central RPP, and aortic AIx compared to LI session after each set of RE (P < 0.05), but not brachial SBP (P > 0.05). Taken together, this study showed that LIRE combined with BFR acutely augmented aortic stiffness, as also observed in HI session, but myocardial oxygen consumption was only higher in HI session when compared to LI session. Thus, although BFR did not exaggerate cardiovascular responses nor cause extra myocardial oxygen consumption, it should be prescribed with caution when control of acute aortic stiffening is necessary during RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zheng
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA,Florida State University, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA,Corresponding author. Springfield College, 263 Alden Street, Athletic Training and Exercise Science Facilities, Rm 214, Springfield, MA, 01109, USA.
| | - Samuel A.E. Headley
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Stephen A. Maris
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Daniel M. Smith
- Springfield College, Department of Athletic Training and Exercise Science, Springfield, MA, USA
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7
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Kambic T, Šarabon N, Hadžić V, Lainscak M. High-Load and Low-Load Resistance Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Feasibility and Safety of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133567. [PMID: 35806853 PMCID: PMC9267855 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance exercise (RE) remains underused in cardiac rehabilitation; therefore, there is insufficient evidence on safety, feasibility, and hemodynamic adaptations to high-load (HL) and low-load (LL) RE in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to compare the safety, feasibility of HL-RE and LL-RE when combined with aerobic exercise (AE), and hemodynamic adaptations to HL and LL resistance exercise following the intervention. Seventy-nine patients with CAD were randomized either to HL-RE (70−80% of one-repetition maximum [1-RM]) and AE, LL-RE (35−40% of 1-RM) and AE or solely AE (50−80% of maximal power output) as a standard care, and 59 patients completed this study. We assessed safety and feasibility of HL-RE and LL-RE and we measured 1-RM on leg extension machine and hemodynamic response during HL- and LL-RE at baseline and post-training. The training intervention was safe, well tolerated, and completed without any adverse events. Adherence to RE protocols was excellent (100%). LL-RE was better tolerated than HL-RE, especially from the third to the final mesocycle of this study (Borgs’ 0−10 scale difference: 1−2 points; p = 0.001−0.048). Improvement in 1-RM was greater following HL-RE (+31%, p < 0.001) and LL-RE (+23%, p < 0.001) compared with AE. Participation in HL-RE and LL-RE resulted in a decreased rating of perceived exertion during post-training HL- and LL-RE, but in the absence of post-training hemodynamic adaptations. The implementation of HL-RE or LL-RE combined with AE was safe, well tolerated and can be applied in the early phase of cardiac rehabilitation for patients with stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambic
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Research and Education, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, Rakičan, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +386-(02)-5123-238 (T.K.); +386-(02)-5123-733 (M.L.)
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- InnoRenew CoE, Human Health Department, Livade 6, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
- S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Tehnološki Park 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadžić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova Ulica 22, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, Rakičan, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (M.L.); Tel.: +386-(02)-5123-238 (T.K.); +386-(02)-5123-733 (M.L.)
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8
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Acute Left Atrial Response to Different Eccentric Resistance Exercise Loads in Patients with Heart Failure with Middle Range Ejection Fraction: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050689. [PMID: 35629111 PMCID: PMC9145268 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to assess acute changes occurring on atrial function following single bouts of eccentric resistance exercise (ECC-RE) performed at two different loads. Twenty-five patients with chronic heart failure with middle range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) participated in three experimental sessions in a randomized order and on separate days: two sessions of ECC RE at 20% (ECC-20) of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) and 50% (ECC-50) 1-RM, and one session of control, without exercise. Each session lasted three minutes. Before and immediately after the sessions, patients underwent echocardiography and blood pressure and heart rate measurement. Peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) and peak atrial contractile strain (PACS) significantly increased after both ECC-20 (+16.3%) and ECC-50 (+18.1%) compared to control (between sessions p = 0.022). Peak atrial contractile strain (PACS) significantly increased after ECC-50 (+28.4%) compared to ECC-20 (+17.0%) and control (between sessions p = 0.034). The ratio of transmitral and annular velocities (E/E') increased significantly after ECC-20 (+10.4%) and ECC-50 (+19.0%) compared to control (between groups p = 0.003). EF, left ventricular longitudinal strain, and stroke volume did not change after ECC-RE sessions compared to control. Cardiac output increased significantly after ECC-20 and ECC-50 compared to control, (between groups p = 0.025). In conclusion, both ECC-RE sessions were well tolerated, and LA functional reserve was properly mobilized in response to ECC-RE in patients with HFmrEF. Cardiac output increased at the cost of an increased LV filling pressure, but no detrimental changes of LV function occurred.
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Acute Blood Pressure Response to High- and Moderate-Speed Resistance Exercise in Older Adults With Hypertension. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:689-696. [PMID: 34856535 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An increase in blood pressure (BP) occurs during resistance exercise; attention to this response may be necessary in older individuals with hypertension. We compared the BP responses following high- (HSRE) and moderate-speed resistance exercise (MSRE) (4 × 8 repetitions at 60% one-repetition maximum) and control protocol in 15 older adults with hypertension. HSRE and MSRE increased systolic BP (SBP) by the end of each set compared with preexercise and control protocol. Immediately after the fourth set, a higher SBP was observed in MSRE than HSRE (147 ± 14 vs. 141 ± 12 mmHg; p = .01). Taking an exploratory analysis of the individual response, we observed that MSRE resulted in greater mean changes and number of SBP exposures to values ≥150 mmHg (22-fold) than HSRE (10-fold). Diastolic BP increased (p < .05) with exercise, but only MSRE increased compared with the control condition (p < .05). HSRE may be an alternative for individuals in which SBP peak should be avoided.
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10
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Kambic T, Šarabon N, Hadžić V, Lainscak M. Effects of high-load and low-load resistance training in patients with coronary artery disease: rationale and design of a randomised controlled clinical trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e051325. [PMID: 34301669 PMCID: PMC8728351 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) enhances the effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it remains to be investigated which type of RT (high loads (HLs) vs low loads (LLs)) is more efficacious in improving exercise performance, cardio-metabolic health and quality of life. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A randomised, controlled, clinical trial will enrol 20 patients with CAD into each of three study arms (total 60 patients): HL-RT (70%-80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM)) combined with AT; LL-RT (30%-40% of 1-RM) combined with AT and AT alone as standard care. Primary outcomes (maximal aerobic capacity, maximal leg isometric strength) will be assessed at baseline and after 36 training sessions. Other outcomes will include acute haemodynamic responses to LL-RT and HL-RT, body composition, physical performance, blood biomarkers (lipids, glucose metabolism, inflammation, growth factors), physical activity and quality of life. The intention-to-treat principle will be used to analyse the data. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study design and protocol have been approved by the National Medical Ethics Committee of Slovenia (registration number: 0120-573/2019/15). The study will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The results of the study will be published as peer-reviewed manuscripts and congress presentations, communicated with patients and the clinical community, and shared through posts on social media. The findings of the study will be disseminated among the national CR clinical community (CR centres, Slovenian association of coronary clubs) with active participation of the patients enrolled in the study. This study will expand our knowledge of RT in combination with AT in CR. We expect to find different effects of HL-RT versus LL-RT, with implications for RT strategies in rehabilitation of patients with CAD. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04638764.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambic
- Department of Research and Education, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izola, Slovenia
- Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, S2P, Science to Practice, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Human Health Department, InnoRenew CoE, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadžić
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Maribor, Slovenia
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11
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Kambic T, Hadžić V, Lainscak M. Hemodynamic Response to High- and Low-Load Resistance Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083905. [PMID: 33917770 PMCID: PMC8068143 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Low-load resistance exercise (LL-RE) is recommended as an adjunct therapy to aerobic exercise during cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery disease. The safety and hemodynamic response to high-load (HL) RE remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic response during both HL-RE and LL-RE prior to cardiac rehabilitation. Forty-three patients with coronary artery disease and/or percutaneous coronary intervention performed three sets of leg-press exercise using HL-RE (eight repetitions at the intensity of 80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM)) and LL-RE (16 repetitions at the intensity of 40% 1-RM) in a randomized crossover sequence. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and rating of perceived exertion were measured at baseline, after each set of RE and post-exercise. No clinically relevant changes in HR and BP or in patient-reported symptoms were recorded during HL-RE or LL-RE. Compared with baseline, HR and SBP increased during LL-RE (from 66 bpm to 86 bpm, time effect: p < 0.001; from 129 mmHg to 146 mmHg, time effect: p < 0.001) and HL-RE (from 68 bpm to 86 bpm, time effect: p < 0.001; from 130 mmHg to 146 mmHg, time effect: p < 0.001). Compared with HL-RE, the increase in HR was greater after the final set of LL-RE (32% vs. 28%, p = 0.015), without significant differences in SBP and DBP between LL-RE and HL-RE. Rating of perceived exertion was higher after the 1st set of HL-RE compared with LL-RE (median (interquartile range): 6 (5–7) vs. 6 (5–6), p = 0.010). In patients with coronary artery disease, both HL-RE and LL-RE were safe and well-tolerated. Hemodynamic changes were similar and within the physiological response to RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambic
- Department of Research and Education, General Hospital Murska Sobota, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia;
| | - Vedran Hadžić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Lainscak
- Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-(02)-512-3733
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12
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Vieira AF, Umpierre D, Teodoro JL, Lisboa SC, Baroni BM, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Effects of Resistance Training Performed to Failure or Not to Failure on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Power Output: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:1165-1175. [PMID: 33555822 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Vieira, AF, Umpierre, D, Teodoro, JL, Lisboa, SC, Baroni, BM, Izquierdo, M, and Cadore, EL. Effects of resistance training performed to failure or not to failure on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1165-1175, 2021-The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence from longitudinal studies assessing the effects induced by resistance training (RT) performed to failure (RTF) vs. not to failure (RTNF) on muscle strength, hypertrophy, and power output in adults. Three electronic databases were searched using terms related to RTF and RTNF. Studies were eligible if they met the following criteria: randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing the effects of RTF vs. RTNF on muscle hypertrophy, maximal strength, and muscle power in adults, and RT intervention ≥6 weeks. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs) between treatments with 95% confidence intervals, and calculations were performed using random effects models. Significance was accepted when p < 0.05. Thirteen studies were included in this review. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on maximal strength in overall analysis (SMD: -0.08; p = 0.642), but greater strength increase was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized volumes (SMD: -0.34; p = 0.048). Resistance training performed to failure showed a greater increase in muscle hypertrophy than RTNF (SMD: 0.75; p = 0.005), whereas no difference was observed considering equalized RT volumes. No difference was found between RTF and RTNF on muscle power considering overall analysis (SMD: -0.20; p = 0.239), whereas greater improvement was observed in RTNF considering nonequalized RT volumes (SMD: -0.61; p = 0.025). Resistance training not to failure may induce comparable or even greater improvements in maximal dynamic strength and power output, whereas no difference between RTF vs. RTNF is observed on muscle hypertrophy, considering equalized RT volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra F Vieira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Department of Public Health, University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment (IATS/HCPA), Clinical Research Center, Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Exercise Pathophysiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Teodoro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Salime C Lisboa
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
| | - Bruno M Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; and
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Complex of Navarra (CHN)-Public University of Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
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13
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Seguro CS, Rebelo ACS, Silva AG, Santos MMAD, Cardoso JS, Apolinário V, Jardim PCV, Gentil P. Use of low volume, high effort resistance training to manage blood pressure in hypertensive patients inside a public hospital: a proof of concept study. Eur J Transl Myol 2021; 31. [PMID: 33709656 PMCID: PMC8056164 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2021.9547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise has been shown to have an important role in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension. However, the general exercise recommendations are time consuming, which might be detrimental to exercise adoption. Based on this, minimal doses of exercise have been suggested as an alternative approach and this report investigates the feasibility and effects of low volume and high effort resistance training for hypertensive patients in a hospital setting. This is a pilot non-randomized prospective study where 15 sedentary hypertensive patients (11 women and 4 men) performed 24 resistance training sessions over 12 weeks at a public hospital. The resistance training sessions consisted of two sets of four exercises, with a rest interval of two minutes between sets. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after each training. No injuries or intercurrence were reported during the study. SBP decreased significantly when compared the first and last sessions, when the measures were performed at rest (152 ± 16 mmHg vs. 122 ± 9 mmHg vs, p<0.05), and after (137 ± 13 mmHg vs. 115 ± 5 mmHg, p<0.05) the resistance training session. Similarly, DBP also decreased significantly when the values from the last session were compared with the first session, when measured at rest (83 ± 14 mmHg vs 73 ± 9 mmHg, p<0.05). Low volume and high effort resistance training seems to be a feasible non-pharmacological strategy to help controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients within a hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia; Hypertension League, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia.
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14
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Gentil P, de Lira CAB, Coswig V, Barroso WKS, Vitorino PVDO, Ramirez-Campillo R, Martins W, Souza D. Practical Recommendations Relevant to the Use of Resistance Training for COVID-19 Survivors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:637590. [PMID: 33746777 PMCID: PMC7966515 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.637590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged at the end of 2019 and caused a global pandemic. The disease predominantly affects the respiratory system; however, there is evidence that it is a multisystem disease that also impacts the cardiovascular system. Although the long-term consequences of COVID-19 are not well-known, evidence from similar diseases alerts for the possibility of long-term impaired physical function and reduced quality of life, especially in those requiring critical care. Therefore, rehabilitation strategies are needed to improve outcomes in COVID-19 survivors. Among the possible strategies, resistance training (RT) might be particularly interesting, since it has been shown to increase functional capacity both in acute and chronic respiratory conditions and in cardiac patients. The present article aims to propose evidence-based and practical suggestions for RT prescription for people who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 with a special focus on immune, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. Based on the current literature, we present RT as a possible safe and feasible activity that can be time-efficient and easy to be implemented in different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Hypertension League, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Victor Coswig
- College of Physical Education, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Valverde de Oliveira Vitorino
- Hypertension League, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Social Sciences and Health School, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wagner Martins
- Physiotherapy College, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Daniel Souza
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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15
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Seguro CS, Rebelo ACS, Silva AG, Santos MMAD, Cardoso JS, Apolinário V, Jardim PCV, Gentil P. Use of low volume, high effort resistance training to manage blood pressure in hypertensive patients inside a public hospital: a proof of concept study. Eur J Transl Myol 2021. [DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2020.9547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise has been shown to have an important role in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension. However, the general exercise recommendations are time consuming, which might be detrimental to exercise adoption. Based on this, minimal doses of exercise have been suggested as an alternative approach and this report investigates the feasibility and effects of low volume and high effort resistance training for hypertensive patients in a hospital setting. This is a pilot non-randomized prospective study where 15 sedentary hypertensive patients (11 women and 4 men) performed 24 resistance training sessions over 12 weeks at a public hospital. The resistance training sessions consisted of two sets of four exercises, with a rest interval of two minutes between sets. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after each training. No injuries or intercurrence were reported during the study. SBP decreased significantly when compared the first and last sessions, when the measures were performed at rest (152 ± 16 mmHg vs. 122 ± 9 mmHg vs, p<0.05), and after (137 ± 13 mmHg vs. 115 ± 5 mmHg, p<0.05) the resistance training session. Similarly, DBP also decreased significantly when the values from the last session were compared with the first session, when measured at rest (83 ± 14 mmHg vs 73 ± 9 mmHg, p<0.05). Low volume and high effort resistance training seems to be a feasible non-pharmacological strategy to help controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients within a hospital.
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16
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Nasser I, Perez RDM, Reis MS, Dias I, Willardson JM, Miranda H. Cardiovascular Acute Effects of Traditional vs. Paired Set Resistance Training in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2020; 91:630-639. [PMID: 31999503 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1696013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study compared the acute effects of two different resistance training methods on heart rate variability, blood pressure, and rating of perceived exertion in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: Ten patients with Child-Pugh A (seven women and three men) participated in two experimental sessions, in random order: The traditional set condition consisted of three sets of six exercises performed in a sequential manner, while the paired set condition consisted of alternating sets between two exercises (three pairs of exercises). Ten repetitions were performed for each set with 70% of a 10 repetition maximum load and with 2 min rest between sets. Blood pressure and heart rate variability were assessed pre-workout and for 60 min post-workout. The rating of perceived exertion was assessed at the end of the third set for each exercise. Results: Significant alterations in heart rate variability were observed when considering the lowest value obtained during recovery, in which the SDNN was reduced in both the traditional set and paired set conditions, as well as the root mean square of standard deviation for the traditional set condition (p < .05). Additionally, for the paired set condition, there was a significant reduction in the HFnu band and a significant increase in the LFnu band (p < .05). Effect size showed reductions in diastolic and mean blood pressure until 30 min in a small magnitude for traditional sets. Conclusion: Similar cardiovascular responses were observed between methods eliciting normal physiological responses within safe limits for patients with liver cirrhosis.
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17
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Machado CLF, Pinto RS, Brusco CM, Cadore EL, Radaelli R. COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent time for older people to practice resistance exercise at home. Exp Gerontol 2020; 141:111101. [PMID: 33049354 PMCID: PMC7547324 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Social distancing measures have been used to contain the COVID-19 pandemic; nevertheless, it causes unintended greater time at home and consequently a reduction in general physical activity and an increase in sedentary time, which is harmful to older people. A decrease in daily physical activities and an increase in sedentary time culminates in an impactful skeletal muscle disuse period and reduction in neuromuscular abilities related to functional capacity. Home-based resistance training is a strategy to mitigate physical inactivity and improve or retain muscle function and functional performance. Therefore, it is an urgent time to encourage older people to perform resistance exercises at home to avoid a harmful functional decline and promote physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Machado
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Muller Brusco
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lusa Cadore
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Régis Radaelli
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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18
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Teodoro JL, Izquierdo M, da Silva LXN, Baroni BM, Grazioli R, Lopez P, Fritsch CG, Radaelli R, Saez de Asteasu ML, Bottaro M, Farinha JB, Pinto RS, Cadore EL. Effects of long-term concurrent training to failure or not in muscle power output, muscle quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in older men: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2020; 139:111023. [PMID: 32697957 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of concurrent training performed either with repetitions to failure or not to failure in muscle power, muscle quality (MQ), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and visceral fat in older men. This is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. 36 older men (mean age ± SD; 67.1 ± 5.1 years) were randomized into three groups: one performing repetitions to failure (RFG, n = 13), another performing repetitions not to failure and 50% of the repetitions of the RFG (NFG, n = 12), and third performing repetitions not to failure with equal training volume of the RFG (ENFG, n = 11). The training was performed twice a week for 20 weeks at intensities ranging from 65 to 80% of maximal strength. In each session, the individuals started with strengthening exercises and then performed aerobic exercise (i.e., walking) on a treadmill. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to post-20 wk of absolute and relative muscle power output during squat and countermovement jump, ultrasound measurements for MQ using quadriceps echo intensity, and visceral fat thickness, as well as their VO2peak through a maximal incremental test on a treadmill. All training groups improved similarly and significantly jump height (ranging from 9 to 16%) and all their muscle power outcomes (mean change ranging from 2 to 7%) (P < .001). In addition, all groups significantly decreased visceral fat thickness (ranging from -11 to -21%) (P < .001), and significantly increased VO2peak (ranging from 4 to 8%) (P < .01), with no differences between groups. No changes were observed in the MQ outcomes. Concurrent training performed using repetitions to failure or not to failure promoted similar gains in the muscle power output, aerobic capacity, and visceral fat in healthy older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L Teodoro
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Larissa X N da Silva
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopez
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Fritsch
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Régis Radaelli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mikel L Saez de Asteasu
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martim Bottaro
- College of Physical Education, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronei S Pinto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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19
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Effect of Resistance Training Intensity on Blood Pressure in Older Women. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:225-232. [PMID: 32887851 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of resistance training performed with low versus moderate loads on systemic resting blood pressure (BP) in older women. A total of 29 women (72.6 ± 5.1 years) were randomized into two groups: low load (LOW, n = 15) and moderate load (MOD, n = 14). An 8-week whole-body resistance training program was carried out 3 days/week (eight exercises, three sets, 10 or 15 repetition maximum). The LOW and MOD groups trained with a relative load of 15 and 10 repetition maximum, respectively. Outcome measures included resting systolic and diastolic BP. After 8 weeks, both groups presented significant changes (p < .05) in systolic BP (LOW = -3.0%; MOD = -4.6%) and mean BP (LOW = -1.9%; MOD = -3.1%). There was no change for diastolic BP in the posttest in both groups. The results suggest that low and moderate loads are equally effective for promoting decreases in resting BP in older women.
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20
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Frota AX, Mendes FDSNS, Vieira MC, Saraiva RM, Veloso HH, da Silva PS, Sperandio da Silva GM, de Sousa AS, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Costa HS, Rodrigues Junior LF, Mediano MFF. Acute and subacute hemodynamic responses and perception of effort in subjects with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy submitted to different protocols of inspiratory muscle training: a cross-over trial. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:1305-1312. [PMID: 32779544 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1800837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate acute and subacute hemodynamic responses and perception of effort in individuals with CCC submitted to different IMT protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a randomized cross-over trial conducted on CCC subjects with systolic left ventricular dysfunction (<45% left ventricular ejection fraction) without or with heart failure (stages B2 and C, respectively). Twenty-one participants performed two IMT protocols, one targeting 60% maximal inspiratory pressure with 3 × 10 repetitions (MIP60) and the other targeting 30% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP30) with 3 × 20 repetitions with a 2 min recovery between sets for both. MIP60 and MIP30 were performed on the same day with a 2 h washout period. Measurements were taken at baseline, during and 60 min after IMT. RESULTS No differences in hemodynamic variables were observed across protocols. The perception of effort increased in both protocols, with higher scores for the MIP30 protocol (β = +1.6, p = 0.01; β = +1.1, p = 0.02; β = +0.9, p = 0.08 for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd sets, respectively). CONCLUSIONS There were no differences in hemodynamic responses comparing MIP60 and MIP30 protocols in subjects with CCC. Despite the higher perception of effort during endurance protocol, both protocols can be considered a safe therapeutic strategy.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONDespite inspiratory muscle training may result in functional capacity improvements, no previous study evaluated the hemodynamic acute and subacute responses to inspiratory muscle training in chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy.The two inspiratory muscle training protocols (30% and 60% of maximal inspiratory pressure) did not cause significant hemodynamic repercussions in subjects with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy.Inspiratory muscle training seems to be an effective strategy to improve functional capacity and can be implemented in the rehabilitation programs for patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy.Since no significant adverse responses were observed in any of the hemodynamic parameters during the inspiratory muscle training sessions, these two protocols of inspiratory muscle training (30% and 60% of maximal inspiratory pressure) seems to be safe in subjects with Chagas cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Xavier Frota
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Carvalho Vieira
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Center for Cardiology and Exercise, Aloysio de Castro State Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Magalhães Saraiva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henrique Horta Veloso
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Simplício da Silva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Silvestre de Sousa
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Mazzoli-Rocha
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Junior
- Department of Research and Education, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Physiological Sciences Department, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Research and Education, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Machado CLF, Bgeginski R, De Castro C, Wilhelm EN, Pinto RS. Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Repetitions to Failure Using Different Resistance Exercises and Protocols in Normotensive Men: A crossover study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2020; 42:401-408. [PMID: 31594394 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1676772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present crossover design study investigated acute hemodynamic responses to two sets of leg press (LP) and bench press (BeP) at 10 and 20 repetition maximum (RM) in ten normotensive young men. At the end of each set, an increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP) was observed (p < .01), with no differences between intensities, but SBP was greater during the LP exercise (p < .01). Lower resting values of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed in the post-BeP exercise period (p < .05), suggesting that DBP post-exercise hypotension may be more evident after upper-limb exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Machado
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roberta Bgeginski
- R. Samuel McLaughlin Foundation - Exercise and Pregnancy Lab, School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clarissa De Castro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eurico Nestor Wilhelm
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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22
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Hemodynamic and Hemostatic Response to Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise in Coronary Artery Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2020; 36:507-516. [PMID: 32496365 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood flow-restricted resistance training (BFR-RT) has been proven to be safe and efficacious in healthy older adults, but not in cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the acute and training induced effects of BFR-RT on hemostatic and hemodynamic responses in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Stable patients with CAD were randomized to 8 weeks of BFR-RT (30%-40% 1-repetition maximum unilateral knee extension) combined with aerobic training or aerobic training alone (control group). At baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks, blood samples were taken before and after BFR exercise, whereas hemodynamic parameters were monitored throughout the exercise. RESULTS Twenty-four patients (12 per group; mean age, 60 ± 2 years; mostly male [75%]) completed the study. The BFR-RT significantly improved systolic blood pressure (-10 mm Hg; P = .020) and tended to lower diastolic blood pressure (-2 mm Hg; P = .066). In contrast, no posttraining alterations were observed in N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic hormone, fibrinogen, and D-dimer values. During BFR exercise, all hemodynamic variables significantly increased after the first and second set, whereas blood pressure immediately lowered after the cuff was released in the third set. Last, significant interaction was only observed for repetitions × intensity (P < .001; partial η2 = 0.908) of diastolic blood pressure at higher exercise intensity (40% 1-repetition maximum). CONCLUSIONS The BFR-RT was proven to be safe, with favorable hemodynamic and hemostatic responses in patients with CAD, and can be recommended as an additional exercise modality in cardiac rehabilitation.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT03087292.
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23
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De Sá CA, Catani D, Cardoso AM, Da Silva Grigoletto ME, Battiston FG, Corralo VS. Resistance training affects the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive women differently, and regardless of performance improvement. J Exerc Sci Fit 2020; 18:122-128. [PMID: 32351589 PMCID: PMC7183203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the positive effects of resistance training (RT) on strength and functional capacity have been well evidenced in the scientific literature, the effects of RT on blood pressure and the relationship of these responses with performance improvement are not yet well established. Objective This study aimed to analyze the effects of three and six months of RT on the hemodynamic parameters and functional capacity of hypertensive and normotensive women. Method Sixteen hypertensive and 15 normotensive elderly women participated in a RT protocol designed to increase muscle strength and hypertrophy, lasting six months, twice a week. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP) had a reduction at six months only in hypertensive patients, while diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased at six months of intervention in both groups (p < 0.05). SBP showed differences between the groups in the pretest (p < 0.05), but not at three and six months of intervention (p > 0.05). Heart rate (HR) was reduced at three months in hypertensive patients, and at six months in the normotensive (p < 0.05). The strength and functional mobility of both hypertensive and normotensive individuals significantly increased at three and six months of intervention (p < 0.05). Hypertensive women showed increased strength at all moments, while normotensive ones showed improvement only at six months. Conclusion Moderate to high intensity RT improves the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive women differently, and independently of strength gain and functional capacity improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Catani
- Health Sciences Post-Graduate Program, Unochapecó University, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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24
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Blood-Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise Promotes Lower Pain and Ratings of Perceived Exertion Compared With Either High- or Low-Intensity Resistance Exercise Performed to Muscular Failure. J Sport Rehabil 2019; 28:706-710. [PMID: 30040033 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Given the comparable muscle hypertrophy constantly observed between blood-flow restriction exercise (BFR-RE) and conventional resistance exercise, understanding their particular rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain may help to better prescribe exercise at a low-discomfort level, thus increasing its feasibility. DESIGN Randomized crossover study. OBJECTIVE To compare the RPE and pain response between conventional high- (HI-RE) and low-intensity resistance exercise (LI-RE) protocols to failure with a nonmuscular failure LI-RE associated with BFR-RE. PARTICIPANTS A total of 12 men (age: 20 [3] y; body mass: 73.5 [9] kg; height: 174 [6] cm). INTERVENTIONS Four sets of 45° leg-press exercises in 3 different conditions: (1) BFR-RE (15 repetitions; 30% 1-repetition maximum), (2) HI-RE (80% 1-repetition maximum to muscular failure), and (3) LI-RE (30% 1-repetition maximum to muscular failure). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES RPE and pain were assessed immediately before exercise session and after the end of each of the 4 sets. RESULTS RPE and pain levels increased throughout the exercise sets for all RE protocols (all, Ps < .05). HI-RE and LI-RE protocols showed similar increase in RPE and pain levels during all exercise sets (P < .05); however, both protocols demonstrated higher RPE and pain response compared with BFR-RE after each of the 4 sets (all Ps < .05 between-group comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that both HI-RE and LI-RE to muscular failure resulted in similar and significant increases in RPE and pain levels, regardless of exercise intensity. In addition, nonmuscular failure BFR-RE also increased RPE and pain response, however, to a lower extent compared with either HI-RE or LI-RE.
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25
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Paulo AC, Tricoli V, Queiroz ACC, Laurentino G, Forjaz CLM. Blood Pressure Response During Resistance Training of Different Work-to-Rest Ratio. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:399-407. [PMID: 28658080 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Paulo, AC, Tricoli, V, Queiroz, ACC, Laurentino, G, and Forjaz, CLM. Blood pressure response during resistance training of different work-to-rest ratio. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 399-407, 2019-Changes in the work-to-rest ratio (W:R) of resistance training protocols (RTPs) (i.e., decreasing work or increasing rest) reduce the marked elevation in blood pressure (BP) that occurs during RTP execution. However, whether changes in RTP structure without changing W:R can change BP responses to RTP is unknown. To investigate the effect of different structures of rest intervals and number of repetitions per set on BP response among RTP equated and nonequated for W:R, 20 normotensive participants (25 ± 4 years) performed 4 different RTP of the leg extension exercise with the same work but different W:R structures. Two protocols followed the recommendations for cardiovascular disorders: (a) HIGHW:R-3×15:44s-3×15:44s (set×reps:rest between sets), which has high W:R (45reps:88s) and (b) LOWW:R-3×15:88s-3×15:88s, which has low W:R (45reps:176s). The other 2 protocols were W:R-equated to LOWW:R (45reps:176s): (c) LOWW:R-9×5:22s and (d) LOWW:R-45×1:4s. Systolic BP (ΔSBP) and diastolic BP (ΔDBP) were assessed by finger photoplethysmography. There were significant main effects for ΔSBP after RTP (p ≤ 0.05): HIGHW:R-3×15:44s = LOWW:R-3×15:88s > LOWW:R-45×1:4s > LOWW:R-9×5:22s (+87 ± 5 and +84 ± 5 vs. +61 ± 4 vs. 57 ± 4 mm Hg). For ΔDBP, there was a significant interaction between RTP and moment (p ≤ 0.05). Thus, HIGHW:R-3×15:44 > LOWW:R-3×15:88s > LOWW:R-45×1:4s > LOWW:R-9×5:22s (+53 ± 5 vs. +49 ± 5 vs. +44 ± 4 vs. +38 ± 3 mm Hg). HIGHW:R-3×15:44s produced the highest increase in ΔDBP, and LOWW:R-9×5:22s produced the lowest increase in ΔSBP and ΔDBP. Our findings may help the development of RTP protocols that may mitigate pressure peaks without changing important exercise variables (i.e., volume or duration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Caetano Paulo
- Academic Department of Physical Education, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Valmor Tricoli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia C C Queiroz
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Laurentino
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia L M Forjaz
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Au JS, Oikawa SY, Morton RW, Phillips SM, MacDonald MJ, Stöhr EJ. Unaltered left ventricular mechanics and remodelling after 12 weeks of resistance exercise training – a longitudinal study in men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:820-826. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous longitudinal studies suggest that left ventricular (LV) structure is unaltered with resistance exercise training (RT) in young men. However, evidence from aerobic exercise training suggests that early changes in functional LV wall mechanics may occur prior to and independently of changes in LV size, although short-term changes in LV mechanics and structural remodelling in response to RT protocols have not been reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of RT on LV mechanics in healthy men performing 2 different time-under-tension protocols. Forty recreationally trained men (age: 23 ± 3 years) were randomized into 12 weeks of whole-body higher-repetition RT (20–25 repetitions/set to failure at ∼30%–50% 1 repetition maximum (1RM); n = 13), lower-repetition RT (8–12 repetitions/set to failure at ∼75%–90% 1RM; n = 13), or an active control period (n = 14). Speckle tracking echocardiography was performed at baseline and following the intervention period. Neither RT program altered standard measures of LV volumes (end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, or ejection fraction; P > 0.05) or indices of LV mechanics (total LV twist, untwisting rate, twist-to-shortening ratio, untwisting-to-twist ratio, or longitudinal strain; P > 0.05). This is the first longitudinal study to assess both LV size and mechanics after RT in healthy men, suggesting a maintenance of LV size and twist mechanics despite peripheral muscle adaptations to the training programs. These results provide no evidence for adverse LV structural or functional remodelling in response to RT in young men and support the positive role of RT in the maintenance of optimal cardiovascular function, even with strenuous RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Au
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Sara Y. Oikawa
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Robert W. Morton
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Stuart M. Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Eric J. Stöhr
- Discipline of Physiology & Health, Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, Wales, UK
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, NY 10032, USA
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27
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Kambič T, Novaković M, Tomažin K, Strojnik V, Jug B. Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Exercise Improves Muscle Strength and Hemodynamics, but Not Vascular Function in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Physiol 2019; 10:656. [PMID: 31244668 PMCID: PMC6581774 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance training may be associated with unfavorable cardiovascular responses (such as hemodynamic alterations, anginal symptoms or ventricular arrhythmias). In healthy adults, blood flow-restricted (BFR) resistance training improves muscle strength and hypertrophy improvements at lower loads with minimal systemic cardiovascular adverse responses. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of BFR resistance training in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to usual care. Patients with stable CAD were randomized to either 8 weeks of supervised biweekly BFR resistance training (30-40% 1RM unilateral knee extension) or usual exercise routine. At baseline and after 8 weeks, patients underwent 1-RM knee extension tests, ultrasonographic appraisal of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle diameter and of systemic (brachial artery) flow-mediated dilation, and determination of markers of inflammation (CD40 ligand and tumor necrosis factor alfa), and fasting glucose and insulin levels for homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). A total of 24 patients [12 per group, mean age 60 ± 2 years, 6 (25%) women] were included. No training-related adverse events were recorded. At baseline groups significantly differ in age (mean difference: 8.7 years, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (mean difference: 12.17 mmHg, p = 0.024) and in metabolic control [insulin (p = 0.014) and HOMA IR (p = 0.014)]. BFR-resistance training significantly increased muscle strength (1-RM, +8.96 kg, p < 0.001), and decreased systolic blood pressure (-6.77 mmHg; p = 0.030), whereas VL diameter (+0.09 cm, p = 0.096), brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (+1.55%; p = 0.079) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA IR change of 1.15, p = 0.079) did not improve significantly. Blood flow restricted resistance training is safe and associated with significant improvements in muscle strength, and may be therefore provided as an additional exercise option to aerobic exercise to improve skeletal muscle functioning in patients with CAD. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03087292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kambič
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Novaković
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Tomažin
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vojko Strojnik
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Borut Jug
- Department of Vascular Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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28
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Bjarnason-Wehrens B. Recommendations for resistance exercise in cardiac rehabilitation: Do they need reconsideration? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 26:1479-1482. [PMID: 31166703 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319856124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens
- Department of Preventive and Rehabilitative Sport Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute for Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
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29
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Teodoro JL, da Silva LXN, Fritsch CG, Baroni BM, Grazioli R, Boeno FP, Lopez P, Gentil P, Bottaro M, Pinto RS, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Concurrent training performed with and without repetitions to failure in older men: A randomized clinical trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1141-1152. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana L. Teodoro
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Larissa X. Neves da Silva
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carolina G. Fritsch
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Bruno M. Baroni
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Rafael Grazioli
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Francesco P. Boeno
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopez
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiania Brazil
| | - Martim Bottaro
- Faculdade de Educação Física Universidade de Brasília Brasilia Brazil
| | - Ronei S. Pinto
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences Public University of Navarre Pamplona Spain
| | - Eduardo L. Cadore
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
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30
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Hansen D, Abreu A, Doherty P, Völler H. Dynamic strength training intensity in cardiovascular rehabilitation: is it time to reconsider clinical practice? A systematic review. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 26:1483-1492. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487319847003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
When added to endurance training, dynamic strength training leads to significantly greater improvements in peripheral muscle strength and power output in patients with cardiovascular disease, which may be relevant to enhance the patient’s prognosis. As a result, dynamic strength training is recommended in the rehabilitative treatment of many different cardiovascular diseases. However, what strength training intensity should be selected remains under intense debate. Evidence is nonetheless emerging that high-intensity strength training (≥70% of one-repetition maximum) is more effective to increase acutely myofibrillar protein synthesis, cause neural adaptations and, in the long term, increase muscle strength, when compared to low-intensity strength training. Moreover, multiple studies report that high-intensity strength training causes fewer increments in (intra-)arterial blood pressure and cardiac output, as opposed to low-intensity strength training, thus potentially pointing towards sufficient medical safety for the cardiovascular system. The aim of this systematic review is therefore to discuss this line of evidence, which is in contrast to current clinical practice, and to re-open the debate as to what dynamic strength training intensities should actually be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Hansen
- REVAL – Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Belgium
- Jessa Hospital, Heart Center Hasselt, Belgium
- BIOMED – Biomedical Research Center, Hasselt University, Belgium
| | - Ana Abreu
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Santa Marta, Portugal
| | | | - Heinz Völler
- Department of Cardiology, Klinik am See, Germany
- Center of Rehabilitation Research, University of Potsdam, Germany
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31
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Seguro C, Viana R, Lima G, Galvão L, Silva L, Jardim T, Jardim P, Gentil P. Improvements in health parameters of a diabetic and hypertensive patient with only 40 minutes of exercise per week: a case study. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:3119-3125. [PMID: 30907139 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1583780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to report the effects of 15 weeks of a minimal dose resistance training on blood glucose levels, blood pressure, heart rate, physical capacity, and quality of life of a 67 old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiopathy and hypertension.Method: The Patient was sedentary with a family history of heart failure and coronary artery disease. She suffered a heart attack in 2013 and was submitted to six cardiac catheterizations and one angioplasty between the 2015 and 2017. On April 2017, she was initially untrained in resistance training and was followed for 15 weeks with the performance of 31 resistance training sessions. Resistance training followed a minimal dose approach with 4 exercises performed with 2 sets to muscle failure, twice a week.Results: After follow up, the Patient presented a reduction in blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate at rest. There were also improvements on body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. These results were accompanied by a reduction in the amount of antihypertensive and anti-diabetic medications.Conclusions: These results suggest that only 40 min of resistance training per week might help to improve general health and quality of life in a patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Implications for RehabilitationMinimal dose resistance training improved health parameters in a diabetic and hypertensive patient.Resistance training promoted a reduction in the drugs used to control blood pressure and blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Seguro
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Viana
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Gislene Lima
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Luan Galvão
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Jardim
- Hypertension League Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Brigham & Women's Hospital Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, USA.,Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Health Decision Science, Boston, USA
| | - Paulo Jardim
- Hypertension League Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Cadore EL, Menger E, Teodoro JL, da Silva LXN, Boeno FP, Umpierre D, Botton CE, Ferrari R, Cunha GDS, Izquierdo M, Pinto RS. Functional and physiological adaptations following concurrent training using sets with and without concentric failure in elderly men: A randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2018; 110:182-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vale AF, Carneiro JA, Jardim PCV, Jardim TV, Steele J, Fisher JP, Gentil P. Acute effects of different resistance training loads on cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive postmenopausal women. J Transl Med 2018; 16:240. [PMID: 30165858 PMCID: PMC6117915 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with arterial hypertension often have an autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance with predominance of sympathetic ANS. This predominance can lead to injury of several organs affecting its functioning. There is evidence that performing high intensity resistance training (RT) with heavier loads and a lower number of repetitions results in lower cardiovascular stress when compared with lighter loads and a higher number of repetitions. However, the effects of different protocols of RT in autonomic modulation are not known. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze and compare the effects of different protocols of high intensity of effort RT on autonomic cardiac modulation of hypertensive women. METHODS A randomized crossover design clinical trial was conducted with 15 postmenopausal hypertensive women who underwent a control session and two high intensity RT protocols involving 6 and 15 repetition maximum (RM). Heart rate variability (HRV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and double product (DP) were collected pre, immediately post, 1 h post, and 24 h post each protocol. Repeated-measures ANOVA were used. RESULTS SBP was higher for 6RM than control immediately after session (p < 0.05). There were no differences for DBP among protocols (p ≥ 0.05). HR was higher for 15RM than 6RM and control immediately after and 1 h after session (p ≤ 0.05). DP values for 15RM were significantly higher than 6RM and control immediately after the session and remained higher than control 1 h after session (p ≤ 0.05). The indices that compose HRV (rMSSD) were lower after 15RM than 6RM and control (p ≥ 0.05). The parameters of parasympathetic activity (HF) were decreased and sympathetic (LF) activity was increased for 15RM when compared to the 6RM and control session immediately after the exercise session (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Performing high intensity RT with lower loads and a higher number of repetitions seems to promote acute increases in sympathetic ANS activity, which may be related to cardiovascular stress. On the other hand, heavier load and lower repetition RT did not significantly impact upon autonomic modulation when compared to a control session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur F. Vale
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Juliana A. Carneiro
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Avenida Esperança S\N, Caixa Postal 131 Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
| | - Paulo C. V. Jardim
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thiago V. Jardim
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - James Steele
- Centre for Health, Exercise, and Sport Science, School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
- Ukactive Research Institute, London, UK
| | - James P. Fisher
- Centre for Health, Exercise, and Sport Science, School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Avenida Esperança S\N, Caixa Postal 131 Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
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Orsano VSM, de Moraes WMAM, de Sousa NMF, de Moura FC, Tibana RA, Silva ADO, Schwerz Funghetto S, Schoenfeld BJ, Prestes J. Comparison of the acute effects of traditional versus high velocity resistance training on metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychophysiological responses in elderly hypertensive women. Clin Interv Aging 2018; 13:1331-1340. [PMID: 30104867 PMCID: PMC6074841 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s164108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to compare the acute effects of traditional resistance training (RT) versus high velocity RT (HVRT) on metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychophysiological responses in elderly hypertensive women. Methods Fifteen elderly women (mean age ± standard deviation, 67.1±6.9 years) classified as having hypertension stage 1 or 2 were randomly allocated to complete traditional RT or HVRT; 1 week later, subjects allocated to RT completed the HVRT session and vice-versa. Heart rate, blood pressure, affective response, perceived effort, and blood samples analyzing lactate, nitrate, nitrite, oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]), and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) collected before and after training sessions were assessed. Nutritional counseling was provided regarding nutrients that could affect cardiovascular and nitrate/nitrite analysis. Results Systolic blood pressure was not statistically different (p>0.05) between conditions at the beginning and during 30 minutes after sessions. Diastolic blood pressure, rate pressure product, and heart rate were not statistically different (p>0.05) between conditions at the beginning and during 45 minutes after sessions. Nitric oxide was significantly higher (p<0.0005) for HVRT compared to RT after 30 minutes of exercise. TBARS and TEAC were significantly higher (p<0.05) for HVRT compared with RT only immediately after exercise. There were no differences for psychophysiological variables between protocols. Conclusion The acute cardiovascular and metabolic responses, including oxidative stress, are transient and within normal values. Taken together with the positive affective responses, both HVRT and RT with this intensity and volume seem to be safe for elderly hypertensive women under medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Silva Macedo Orsano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Piauí, Brazil.,Post Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, Brazil,
| | | | | | - Felipe Carmo de Moura
- Post Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, Brazil,
| | - Ramires Alsamir Tibana
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jonato Prestes
- Post Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasília, Brazil,
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da Silva LXN, Teodoro JL, Menger E, Lopez P, Grazioli R, Farinha J, Moraes K, Bottaro M, Pinto RS, Izquierdo M, Cadore EL. Repetitions to failure versus not to failure during concurrent training in healthy elderly men: A randomized clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Explosive type of contractions should not be avoided during resistance training in elderly. Exp Gerontol 2018; 102:81-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Miyamoto T, Kamada H, Moritani T. Acute cardiovascular responses to multiple sets of high-velocity resistance exercise in healthy adults. Res Sports Med 2017; 25:495-504. [DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2017.1365298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Miyamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamada
- Rehabilitation Center, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Hollings M, Mavros Y, Freeston J, Fiatarone Singh M. The effect of progressive resistance training on aerobic fitness and strength in adults with coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1242-1259. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487317713329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hollings
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Yorgi Mavros
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan Freeston
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Maria Fiatarone Singh
- Exercise, Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, The University of Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Australia
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, USA
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Centre on Aging, Tufts University, USA
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Haynes A, Linden MD, Robey E, Watts GF, Barrett H, Naylor LH, Green DJ. Impact of commonly prescribed exercise interventions on platelet activation in physically inactive and overweight men. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/20/e12951. [PMID: 27798349 PMCID: PMC5099958 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The exercise paradox infers that, despite the well‐established cardioprotective effects of repeated episodic exercise (training), the risk of acute atherothrombotic events may be transiently increased during and soon after an exercise bout. However, the acute impact of different exercise modalities on platelet function has not previously been addressed. We hypothesized that distinct modalities of exercise would have differing effects on in vivo platelet activation and reactivity to agonists which induce monocyte‐platelet aggregate (MPA) formation. Eight middle‐aged (53.5 ± 1.6 years) male participants took part in four 30 min experimental interventions (aerobic AE, resistance RE, combined aerobic/resistance exercise CARE, or no‐exercise NE), in random order. Blood samples were collected before, immediately after, and 1 h after each intervention, and incubated with one of three agonists of physiologically/clinically relevant pathways of platelet activation (thrombin receptor activating peptide‐6 TRAP, arachidonic acid AA, and cross‐linked collagen‐related peptide xCRP). In the presence of AA, TRAP, and xCRP, both RE and CARE evoked increases in MPAs immediately post‐exercise (P < 0.01), whereas only AA significantly increased MPAs immediately after AE (P < 0.01). These increases in platelet activation post‐exercise were transient, as responses approached pre‐exercise levels by 1 h. These are the first data to suggest that exercise involving a resistance component in humans may transiently increase platelet‐mediated thrombotic risk more than aerobic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Haynes
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew D Linden
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elisa Robey
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Cardiometabolic Services, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hugh Barrett
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology Royal Perth Hospital Unit University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Louise H Naylor
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia .,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Principal Research Fellow, National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Goessler K, Buys R, Cornelissen VA. Low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise has no transient effect on blood pressure in patients with coronary artery disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:633-9. [PMID: 27168475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation reduces blood pressure (BP). However, less is known about the transient effect of a single bout of exercise on BP. Isometric handgrip exercise has been proposed as a new nonpharmacologic tool to lower BP. We aimed to investigate the acute effect of isometric handgrip exercise on BP in CAD patients. Twenty-one male CAD patients were included. All patients completed two experimental sessions in random order: one control and one low-intensity isometric handgrip session. BP was measured by means of a 24-hour ambulatory BP monitor preintervention, for 1 hour in the office and subsequently for 24 hours. Our results suggest that isometric handgrip exercise performed at low intensity is safe in patients with CAD but does not induce a transient reduction in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Goessler
- Research Group for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roselien Buys
- Research Group for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Véronique A Cornelissen
- Research Group for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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