1
|
Wanta A, Noguchi K, Sugawara T, Sonoda K, Somsuan K, Wakayama T. Short-Term Treatment of Melatonin Improves the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Testis of the Mouse Cryptorchidism Model. J Histochem Cytochem 2024:221554241279505. [PMID: 39301779 DOI: 10.1369/00221554241279505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin plays a major role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and enhancing testosterone production. We investigated the short-term effects of melatonin treatment for 14 consecutive days in the cryptorchidism model. We categorized experimental mice into Sham (S), Orchiopexy (O), Melatonin (Mel), and Orchiopexy + Melatonin (OMel) groups. Surgery involved inducing cryptorchidism in the left testis for seven days, followed by orchiopexy. The Mel group's testes did not descend, but they received melatonin injections after seven days of cryptorchidism. The OMel group underwent both orchiopexy and melatonin treatment. Both O and Mel groups exhibited decreased sperm and round-headed sperm in the epididymis. Significant increases were observed in the numbers of giant cells and negative Nectin-3 cells at p-value<0.05. The pattern of Cadm1 expression changed, and Nectin-2 and Nectin-3 co-expression was lacking in abnormal spermatids. Sertoli cell cytoplasm in both O and Mel groups exhibited autophagosomes and multivesicular bodies, which correlated with increased cyclooxygenase-2 expression. However, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cell numbers increased significantly in all treatment groups compared to the S group. Our study found that the combination of orchiopexy and melatonin positively influenced the expression of cell adhesion molecules (Cadm1, Nectin-2, and Nectin-3) involved in spermatogenesis, while reducing giant cells, autophagosomes, and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunothai Wanta
- School of Medicine and Cancer and Immunology Research Unit (CIRU), Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Noguchi
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugawara
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Sonoda
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keerakarn Somsuan
- School of Medicine and Cancer and Immunology Research Unit (CIRU), Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakata H, Wakayama T, Adthapanyawanich K, Nishiuchi T, Murakami Y, Takai Y, Iseki S. Compensatory upregulation of myelin protein zero-like 2 expression in spermatogenic cells in cell adhesion molecule-1-deficient mice. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2012; 45:47-56. [PMID: 22489104 PMCID: PMC3317495 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.11057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell adhesion molecule-1 (Cadm1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. In the mouse testis, Cadm1 is expressed in the earlier spermatogenic cells up to early pachytene spermatocytes and also in elongated spermatids, but not in Sertoli cells. Cadm1-deficient mice have male infertility due to defective spermatogenesis, in which detachment of spermatids is prominent while spermatocytes appear intact. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the impaired spermatogenesis caused by Cadm1 deficiency, we performed DNA microarray analysis of global gene expression in the testis compared between Cadm1-deficient and wild-type mice. Out of the 25 genes upregulated in Cadm1-deficient mice, we took a special interest in myelin protein zero-like 2 (Mpzl2), another cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The levels of Mpzl2 mRNA increased by 20-fold and those of Mpzl2 protein increased by 2-fold in the testis of Cadm1-deficient mice, as analyzed with quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that Mpzl2 mRNA and protein are localized in the earlier spermatogenic cells but not in elongated spermatids or Sertoli cells, in both wild-type and Cadm1-deficient mice. These results suggested that Mpzl2 can compensate for the deficiency of Cadm1 in the earlier spermatogenic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
| | | | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Division of Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- The Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shoichi Iseki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Role of the spermatogenic-Sertoli cell interaction through cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) in spermatogenesis. Anat Sci Int 2009; 84:112-21. [PMID: 19337787 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-009-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine and local secretory factors have long been known to be required for spermatogenesis. Evidence has been accumulating in recent years indicating that direct contact between spermatogenic and Sertoli cells is also required for spermatogenesis. Cell adhesion molecules of various types have been found in the mammalian testis that are expressed in spermatogenic and/or Sertoli cells and involved in homophilic and/or heterophilic binding. We have cloned a novel cell adhesion molecule, cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1), also known as immunoglobulin superfamily 4A or spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily, from the mouse testis. CADM1 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane domain, and a short intracellular domain. In the seminiferous epithelium, CADM1 is expressed in intermediate spermatogonia through to early pachytene spermatocytes as well as in elongating spermatids--but not in round spermatids, mature spermatozoa, or Sertoli cells. One of the heterophilic binding partners of CADM1 has proven to be a poliovirus receptor, another member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed in Sertoli cells. Knockout mice for CADM1 develop male infertility due to defective spermatogenesis. These findings suggest that cell adhesion molecules between spermatogenic and Sertoli cells play essential roles in spermatogenesis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sugiura T, Kato Y, Wakayama T, Silver DL, Kubo Y, Iseki S, Tsuji A. PDZK1 Regulates Two Intestinal Solute Carriers (Slc15a1 and Slc22a5) in Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2008; 36:1181-8. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
5
|
Iwata D, Kato Y, Wakayama T, Sai Y, Kubo Y, Iseki S, Tsuji A. Involvement of Carnitine/organic Cation Transporter OCTN2 (SLC22A5) in Distribution of its Substrate Carnitine to the Heart. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2008; 23:207-15. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.23.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Tsukioka F, Wakayama T, Tsukatani T, Miwa T, Furukawa M, Iseki S. Expression and localization of the cell adhesion molecule SgIGSF during regeneration of the olfactory epithelium in mice. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2007; 40:43-52. [PMID: 17576432 PMCID: PMC1874509 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.06027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily (SgIGSF) is a cell adhesion molecule originally discovered in mouse testis. SgIGSF is expressed not only in spermatogenic cells but also in lung and liver epithelial cells and in neurons and glia of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of SgIGSF in mouse olfactory epithelium before and after transection of the olfactory nerves, by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In normal olfactory mucosa, SgIGSF showed 100 kDa in molecular weight, which was identical with that in the lung but different from that in the brain. SgIGSF was expressed on the membrane of all olfactory, sustentacular and basal cells, but more abundantly in the apical portions of the olfactory epithelium where the dendrites of olfactory cells are in contact with sustentacular cells. After olfactory nerve transection, mature olfactory cells disappeared in 4 days but were regenerated around 7–15 days by proliferation and differentiation of basal cells into mature olfactory cells through the step of immature olfactory cells. During this period, both the mRNA and protein for SgIGSF showed a transient increase, with peak levels at 7 days and 11 days, respectively, after the transection. Immunohistochemistry showed that the enriched immunoreactivity for SgIGSF at 7–11 days was localized primarily to the membrane of immature olfactory cells. These results suggested that, during regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, the adhesion molecule SgIGSF plays physiological roles in differentiation, migration, and maturation of immature olfactory cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fusae Tsukioka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tsukatani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takaki Miwa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Furukawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shoichi Iseki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Correspondence to: Shoichi Iseki, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13–1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920–8640, Japan. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ito A, Nishikawa Y, Ohnuma K, Ohnuma I, Koma YI, Sato A, Enomoto K, Tsujimura T, Yokozaki H. SgIGSF is a novel biliary-epithelial cell adhesion molecule mediating duct/ductule development. Hepatology 2007; 45:684-94. [PMID: 17326163 DOI: 10.1002/hep.21501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily (SgIGSF) is an intercellular adhesion molecule of the nectin-like family. While screening its tissue distribution, we found that it was expressed in fetal liver but not adult liver. In the present study, we examined which cells in developing and regenerating liver express SgIGSF via immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. In developing mouse liver, SgIGSF expression was transiently upregulated at perinatal ages and was restricted to the lateral membrane of biliary epithelial cells (BECs). In regenerating rat livers from the 2-acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy model, SgIGSF was detected exclusively in oval cells that aligned in ductal and trabecular patterns by the second week posthepatectomy. In human livers, fetal and newborn bile ducts and cirrhotic bile ductules were clearly positive for SgIGSF, whereas disease-free adult bile ducts were negative. To investigate the role of SgIGSF in bile duct/ductule formation, we used an in vitro model in which rat hepatocyte aggregates embedded in collagen gels containing insulin and epidermal growth factor extend epithelial sheets and processes in the first week and form ductules within a month. The process and ductular cells were continuously positive for SgIGSF and cytokeratin 19, a BEC marker. When the aggregate culture was started in the presence of a function-blocking anti-SgIGSF antibody, the number of epithelial processes per aggregate was reduced by 80%. CONCLUSION We propose that SgIGSF is a novel and functional BEC adhesion molecule that is expressed for a limited time during active bile duct/ductule formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Ito
- Division of Surgical Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wakayama T, Sai Y, Ito A, Kato Y, Kurobo M, Murakami Y, Nakashima E, Tsuji A, Kitamura Y, Iseki S. Heterophilic binding of the adhesion molecules poliovirus receptor and immunoglobulin superfamily 4A in the interaction between mouse spermatogenic and Sertoli cells. Biol Reprod 2007; 76:1081-90. [PMID: 17314315 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.106.058974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell adhesion protein immunoglobulin superfamily 4A (IGSF4A) is expressed on the surfaces of spermatogenic cells in the mouse testis. During spermatogenesis, IGSF4A is considered to bind to the surface of Sertoli cells in a heterophilic manner. To identify this unknown partner of IGSF4A, we generated rat monoclonal antibodies against the membrane proteins of mouse Sertoli cells grown in primary culture. Using these monoclonal antibodies, we isolated a clone that immunostained Sertoli cells and reacted with the product of immunoprecipitation of the homogenate of mouse testis with anti-IGSF4A antibody. Subsequently, to identify the Sertoli cell membrane protein that is recognized by this monoclonal antibody, we performed expression cloning of a cDNA library from the mouse testis. As a result, we identified poliovirus receptor (PVR), which is another IGSF-type cell adhesion molecule, as the binding partner of IGSF4A. The antibodies raised against PVR and IGSF4A immunoprecipitated both antigens in the homogenate of mouse testis. Immunoreactivity for PVR was present in Sertoli cells but not in spermatogenic cells at all stages of spermatogenesis. Overexpression of PVR in TM4, a mouse Sertoli cell line, increased more than three-fold its capacity to adhere to Tera-2, which is a human cell line that expresses IGSF4A. These findings suggest that the heterophilic binding of PVR to IGSF4A is responsible, at least in part, for the interaction between Sertoli and spermatogenic cells during mouse spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wakayama T, Kato Y, Utsumi R, Tsuji A, Iseki S. A time- and cost-saving method of producing rat polyclonal antibodies. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2006; 39:79-87. [PMID: 17327927 PMCID: PMC1790970 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.06003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Producing antibodies usually takes more than three months. In the present study, we introduce a faster way of producing polyclonal antibodies based on preparation of the recombinant oligopeptide as antigen followed by immunization of rats. Using this method, we produced antisera against two mouse proteins: ERGIC-53 and c-Kit. An expression vector ligated with a pair of complementary synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides encoding the protein was introduced into bacteria, and the recombinant oligopeptide fused with the carrier protein glutathione-S-transferase was purified. Wistar rats were immunized by injecting the emulsified antigen subcutaneously into the hind footpads, followed by a booster injection -after 2 weeks. One week after the booster, the sera were collected and examined for the antibody titer by immunohistochemistry. Antisera with 1600-fold titer at the maximum were obtained for both antigens and confirmed for their specificity by Western blotting. Anti--ERGIC-53 antisera recognized acinar cells in the sublingual gland, and anti-c-Kit antisera recognized spermatogenic and Leydig cells in the testis. These antisera were applicable to fluorescent double immunostaining with mouse monoclonal or rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Consequently, this method enabled us to produce specific rat polyclonal antisera available for immunohistochemistry in less than one month at a relatively low cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Wakayama
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920–8640, Japan
- Correspondence to: Tomohiko Wakayama, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13–1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920–8640, Japan. E-mail:
| | - Yukio Kato
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920–1192, Japan
| | - Rie Utsumi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920–1192, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuji
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920–1192, Japan
| | - Shoichi Iseki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920–8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kato Y, Sugiura M, Sugiura T, Wakayama T, Kubo Y, Kobayashi D, Sai Y, Tamai I, Iseki S, Tsuji A. Organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 (Slc22a5) is responsible for carnitine transport across apical membranes of small intestinal epithelial cells in mouse. Mol Pharmacol 2006; 70:829-37. [PMID: 16754783 DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.024158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 is responsible for renal tubular reabsorption of its endogenous substrate, carnitine, although its physiological role in small intestine remains controversial. Here we present direct evidence for a predominant role of OCTN2 in small intestinal absorption of carnitine based on experiments with juvenile visceral steatosis (jvs) mice, which have a hereditary deficiency of the octn2 gene. Uptake of carnitine, assessed with an Ussing-type chamber system, from the apical surface of the small intestine was saturable and higher than that from the basal surface in wild-type mice, whereas carnitine uptake having these characteristics was almost absent in jvs mice. Saturable uptake of carnitine was also confirmed in isolated enterocytes obtained from wild-type mice, and the Km value obtained (approximately 20 microM) was close to that reported for carnitine uptake by human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably expressing mouse OCTN2 (Slc22a5). The carnitine uptake by enterocytes was decreased in the presence of various types of organic cations, and this inhibition profile was similar to that of mouse OCTN2, whereas uptake of carnitine was quite small and unsaturable in enterocytes obtained from jvs mice. Immunohistochemical and immunoprecipitation analyses suggested colocalization of OCTN2 with PDZK1, an adaptor protein that functionally regulates OCTN2. Immunoelectron microscopy visualized both OCTN2 and PDZK1 in microvilli of absorptive epithelial cells. These findings indicate that OCTN2 is predominantly responsible for the uptake of carnitine from the apical surface of mouse small intestinal epithelial cells, and it may therefore be a promising target for oral delivery of therapeutic agents that are OCTN2 substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Kato
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|