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Hurraß J, Heinzow B, Walser-Reichenbach S, Aurbach U, Becker S, Bellmann R, Bergmann KC, Cornely OA, Engelhart S, Fischer G, Gabrio T, Herr CE, Joest M, Karagiannidis C, Klimek L, Köberle M, Kolk A, Lichtnecker H, Lob-Corzilius T, Mülleneisen N, Nowak D, Rabe U, Raulf M, Steinmann J, Steiß JO, Stemler J, Umpfenbach U, Valtanen K, Werchan B, Willinger B, Wiesmüller GA. AWMF mold guideline "Medical clinical diagnostics for indoor mold exposure" - Update 2023 AWMF Register No. 161/001. Allergol Select 2024; 8:90-198. [PMID: 38756207 PMCID: PMC11097193 DOI: 10.5414/alx02444e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hurraß
- Section for Hygiene in Healthcare Facilities, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Hygiene, Cologne Health Department, Cologne
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Birger Heinzow
- Formerly: State Agency for Social Services (LAsD) Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel
- Co-author
| | - Sandra Walser-Reichenbach
- Formerly: State Agency for Social Services (LAsD) Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Ute Aurbach
- Laboratory Dr. Wisplinghoff
- ZfMK – Center for Environment, Hygiene and Mycology Cologne, Cologne
- Co-author
| | - Sven Becker
- Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Co-author
| | - Romuald Bellmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Co-author
| | - Karl-Christian Bergmann
- Institute of Allergology Charité, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Oliver A. Cornely
- Institute for Translational Research, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany and Department I for Internal Medicine, Cologne University Hospital, Cologne
- Co-author
| | - Steffen Engelhart
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Guido Fischer
- Baden-Württemberg State Health Office in the Stuttgart Regional Council, Stuttgart
- Co-author
| | - Thomas Gabrio
- Formerly: Baden-Württemberg State Health Office in the Stuttgart Regional Council, Stuttgart
- Co-author
| | - Caroline E.W. Herr
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Munich
- Environmental Health and Prevention, Institute and Polyclinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Munich Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Marcus Joest
- Allergological-Immunological Laboratory, Helios Lung and Allergy Center Bonn, Bonn
- Co-author
| | - Christian Karagiannidis
- Faculty of Health, Professorship for Extracorporeal Lung Replacement Procedures, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten/Herdecke
- Lung Clinic Cologne Merheim, Clinics of the City of Cologne, Cologne
- Co-author
| | - Ludger Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Annette Kolk
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (IFA) of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV), Unit Biological Agents, Sankt Augustin
- Co-author
| | - Herbert Lichtnecker
- Medical Institute for Environmental and Occupational Medicine MIU GmbH Erkrath, Erkrath
- Co-author
| | - Thomas Lob-Corzilius
- Scientific working group of environmental medicine of the German Society of Pediatric Allergology (GPAU)
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Norbert Mülleneisen
- Asthma and Allergy Center Leverkusen, Leverkusen
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Polyclinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Uta Rabe
- Center for Allergology and Asthma, Johanniter Hospital Treuenbrietzen, Treuenbrietzen
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Statutory Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Jörg Steinmann
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen
- Co-author
| | - Jens-Oliver Steiß
- Specialized Practice in Allergology and Pediatric Pulmonology in Fulda, Fulda
- Institute for Clinical Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Clinical Infectiology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Nuremberg Clinic, Nuremberg
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Jannik Stemler
- Institute for Translational Research, CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany and Department I for Internal Medicine, Cologne University Hospital, Cologne
- Co-author
| | - Ulli Umpfenbach
- Doctor for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Pulmonology, Environmental Medicine, Classical Homeopathy, Asthma Trainer, Neurodermatitis Trainer, Viersen
- Co-author
| | - Kerttu Valtanen
- FG II 1.4 Microbiological Risks, German Environment Agency, Berlin
- Co-author
| | - Barbora Werchan
- German Pollen Information Service Foundation (PID), Berlin, Germany
- Co-author
| | - Birgit Willinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology – Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
| | - Gerhard A. Wiesmüller
- Laboratory Dr. Wisplinghoff
- ZfMK – Center for Environment, Hygiene and Mycology Cologne, Cologne
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Uniclinic RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Co-author
- Member of a scientific medical society, a society or a medical association with voting rights
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Modi B, Timilsina H, Bhandari S, Achhami A, Pakka S, Shrestha P, Kandel D, GC DB, Khatri S, Chhetri PM, Parajuli N. Current Trends of Food Analysis, Safety, and Packaging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:9924667. [PMID: 34485507 PMCID: PMC8410450 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9924667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Food is a basic necessity for life, growth, survival, and maintaining a proper body function. Rising food demand leads both producers and consumers to search for alternative food sources with high nutritional value. However, food products may never be completely safe. The oxidation reaction may alter both the physicochemical and immunological properties of food products. Maillard and caramelization nonenzymatic browning reactions can play a pivotal role in food acceptance through the ways they influence quality factors such as flavor, color, texture, nutritional value, protein functionality, and digestibility. There is a multitude of adulterated foods that portray adverse risks to the human condition. To maintain food safety, the packaging material is used to preserve the quality and freshness of food products. Food safety is jeopardized by plenty of pathogens by the consumption of adulterated food resulting in multiple foodborne illnesses. Though different analytical tools are used in the analysis of food products, yet, adulterated food has repercussions for the community and is a growing issue that adversely impairs human health and well-being. Thus, pathogenic agents' rapid and effective identification is vital for food safety and security to avoid foodborne illness. This review highlights the various analytical techniques used in the analysis of food products, food structure, and quality of food along with chemical reactions in food processing. Moreover, we have also discussed the effect on health due to the consumption of adulterated food and focused on the importance of food safety, including the biodegradable packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Modi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Hari Timilsina
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Sobika Bhandari
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Ashma Achhami
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Sangita Pakka
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Prakash Shrestha
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Devilal Kandel
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Dhan Bahadur GC
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Sabina Khatri
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Pradhumna Mahat Chhetri
- Department of Chemistry, Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Leknath Marg, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
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Ladd TB, Johnson JA, Mumaw CL, Greve HJ, Xuei X, Simpson E, Barnes MA, Green BJ, Croston TL, Ahmed C, Lemons A, Beezhold DH, Block ML. Aspergillus versicolor Inhalation Triggers Neuroimmune, Glial, and Neuropeptide Transcriptional Changes. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211019886. [PMID: 34098774 PMCID: PMC8191080 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211019886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence associates indoor fungal exposure with deleterious central nervous system (CNS) health, such as cognitive and emotional deficits in children and adults, but the specific mechanisms by which it might impact the brain are poorly understood. Mice were exposed to filtered air, heat-inactivated Aspergillus versicolor (3 × 105 spores), or viable A. versicolor (3 × 105 spores) via nose-only inhalation exposure 2 times per week for 1, 2, or 4 weeks. Analysis of cortex, midbrain, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum tissue from mice exposed to viable A. versicolor spores for 1, 2, and 4 weeks revealed significantly elevated pro-inflammatory (Tnf and Il1b) and glial activity (Gdnf and Cxc3r1) gene expression in several brain regions when compared to filtered air control, with the most consistent and pronounced neuroimmune response 48H following the 4-week exposure in the midbrain and frontal lobe. Bulk RNA-seq analysis of the midbrain tissue confirmed that 4 weeks of A. versicolor exposure resulted in significant transcriptional enrichment of several biological pathways compared to the filtered air control, including neuroinflammation, glial cell activation, and regulation of postsynaptic organization. Upregulation of Drd1, Penk, and Pdyn mRNA expression was confirmed in the 4-week A. versicolor exposed midbrain tissue, highlighting that gene expression important for neurotransmission was affected by repeated A. versicolor inhalation exposure. Taken together, these findings indicate that the brain can detect and respond to A. versicolor inhalation exposure with changes in neuroimmune and neurotransmission gene expression, providing much needed insight into how inhaled fungal exposures can affect CNS responses and regulate neuroimmune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatcher B Ladd
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - James A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Christen L Mumaw
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Hendrik J Greve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Ed Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Mark A Barnes
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Brett J Green
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Tara L Croston
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Chandrama Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Angela Lemons
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Donald H Beezhold
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
| | - Michelle L Block
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
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Kushnir-Sukhov NM. A Novel Link between Early Life Allergen Exposure and Neuroimmune Development in Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:188-195. [PMID: 33179020 DOI: 10.33140/jcei.05.04.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose As COVID-19 unprecedented situation significantly increased the time families spend indoors, the awareness of unhealthy living conditions negatively impacting immune system and early neurodevelopment of children is of crucial importance. Methods We retrospectively reviewed unrelated cases of the children with confirmed multiple indoor allergen sensitization due to prolonged exposure to unhealthy indoor environment with infestation and water damage, who, in addition to multiple health problems related to allergy and asthma, also developed neuroimmune complications and growth delay. Results Documented early in life atypical neurologic and behavioral changes were common in all cases. Clinical analysis did not establish other causative reason aside from prenatal and early life exposure to unhealthy living conditions. Alternaria Alternara and Penicillium/Aspergillus molds were found in all homes and sensitization was confirmed in all cases. Significant similarities in the symptoms recorded in all three families led us to a hypothesis that, likely, a significant level of the immune response to external immunogenic pathological stimulus such as mold spore protein, mycotoxin protein, dust mite protein, decay-related volatile particles (VOC) skewed a balance of the neuroimmune interactions, and further affected neuronal network establishment. As all children exhibited significant spectrum of the systemic inflammatory conditions early in life, coupled with inability to follow normal neurodevelopment, we hypothesize that an overwhelming activation of the aggressive immune mechanisms by the epigenetic factors led to glia activation, cytokine storm and break of tolerance. Conclusions We hypothesize that developing immune system exhibited aggressive responses due to environmental danger signals, subsequently TH-1 or TH-2 switch enables multiple clinical syndromes development with atypical presentation due to the described novel mechanism. An increased due to the COVID-19 lock-down may increase an amount of exposure of vulnerable people to indoor biological particles and volatile organic compounds present in unhealthy buildings. It is of crucial importance to identify and remediate indoor exposure factors that can decrease immune protection, especially against infectious pathogens such as novel coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya M Kushnir-Sukhov
- Institute of Integrative Immunology, Berkeley, USA.,UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, USA
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Ryu SH, Park DU, Lee E, Park S, Lee SY, Jung S, Hong SB, Park J, Hong SJ. Humidifier disinfectant and use characteristics associated with lung injury in Korea. INDOOR AIR 2019; 29:735-747. [PMID: 31278778 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Since around the year 2000, hundreds of people in Korea have developed humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury (HDLI). We collected all HD exposure-related information from the field investigations into the locations in which the 1199 registered patients had used HD. Among the people who registered, 38% (1st round = 214, 2nd = 73, 3rd = 166) were confirmed as HDLI patients. Children aged under eight years old made up the highest proportion of HDLI cases (N = 279, 62%), followed by pregnant women (N = 31, 7%). One hundred thirty-three (29%) of the confirmed HDLI patients died. Fifty-seven percent of HDLI patients (N = 259) developed HDLI after <1 year of HD use. The number of HDLI patients who used only the Oxy Saksak HD brand was found to be 176 (39%), followed by the brands Cefu (N = 27, 6%) and Aekyung (N = 22, 5%). HD products containing only polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) were the most frequently used among HDLI patients (N = 234, 52%), followed by oligo (2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxyethyl) guanidinium (PGH) (N = 27, 6%) and a mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) (N = 26, 6%). The average PHMG-P inhalation level estimated from the patient group classified as suffering lung injury definitely associated with HD use was 145.1 μg/m3 (N = 91, SD = 395.1 μg/m3 ), higher than levels estimated from both the probable and possible HDLI patient groups. In conclusion, HD exposure-related variables, including type of HD brand and estimated inhalation HD level, were associated with the risk of HDLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hun Ryu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Total Health Care Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyungkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungsu Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Hong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihoon Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Viegas C, Coggins AM, Faria T, Caetano LA, Gomes AQ, Sabino R, Verissimo C, Roberts N, Watterson D, MacGilchrist C, Fleming GTA. Fungal burden exposure assessment in podiatry clinics from Ireland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:167-177. [PMID: 29577752 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1453053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fungi are amongst the bioaerosols of most importance, as indicated by the growing interest in this field of research. The aim was to characterize the exposure to fungal burden in podiatry clinics using culture-based and molecular methods. METHODS Airborne fungi were collected using an impaction air sampler and surface samples were also performed. Fourteen air samples were collected for direct detection of fungal DNA from filamentous fungi and dermatophytes. Overall, 63.6 % of the evening samples and 46 % of the morning samples surpassed the threshold values (150 CFU/m3). Molecular detection, by real time PCR, of the target fungal species/strains (Aspergillus and Stachybotrys species) was negative for all samples collected. Trichophyton rubrum was detected by PCR analysis in one DNA sample collected on day six. Results suggest the use of both culture-based and molecular methodologies are desirable for a complete evaluation of fungal burden in this particular health care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Viegas
- a GIAS, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
- b Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública , Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Ann Marie Coggins
- c School of Physics , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Tiago Faria
- a GIAS, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
- d Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares , Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Liliana Aranha Caetano
- a GIAS, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
- e Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) , University of Lisbon , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Anita Quintal Gomes
- a GIAS, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
- f Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa , Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Raquel Sabino
- a GIAS, ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa , Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
- g Departamento de Doenças Infeciosas , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Cristina Verissimo
- g Departamento de Doenças Infeciosas , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Nigel Roberts
- h Discipline of Podiatric Medicine, School of Health Sciences , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - David Watterson
- h Discipline of Podiatric Medicine, School of Health Sciences , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
- i CHO Area 2 , Galway , Ireland
| | - Claire MacGilchrist
- h Discipline of Podiatric Medicine, School of Health Sciences , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Gerard T A Fleming
- j School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
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Farah IO, Holt-Gray C, Cameron JA, Tucci M, Benghuzzi H. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE F344 RAT LUNG UPON EXPOSURE TO RETENOIC ACID, OVALBUMIN, MOLD SPORES AND CITRAL. BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES INSTRUMENTATION 2017; 53:120-127. [PMID: 29033472 PMCID: PMC5635841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paradoxical role of retinoic acid (All Trans Retinoic Acid; ATRA) in the development of allergic and/or inflammatory complications in contrast to a therapeutic modality for lung pathology is not well understood or established in the literature. As well, the role of Citral (inhibitor of retinoid function; a non-toxic chemical that exists in two forms (diethyl; C1 or cis-trans dimethyl; C2), in the reversal of retinoic acid, ovalbumin and allergic mold spore pathophysiology is also not well ascertained under an in vivo setting. Therefore, it is hypothesized that exposure of F344 lung tissues to supra-physiologic levels of retinoic acid, ovalbumin and mold spores individually or in combination with each other will lead to inflammatory tissue pathology and that Citral 1 and 2 will reverse or ameliorate the related pathological damage to lung tissues. Even though ovalbumin and retinoic acid have been previously applied through intra-tracheal route in cancer prevention and immunological research, the objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological implications of such exposure in vivo. This IACUC approved in vivo study used Fischer 344 rats (n = 80 ; 229 to 273g), which were randomly assigned to controls as well as ovalbumin and mold-sensitized treatment groups (0.80 mg/kg and 1×109 mold spores combined from 4 strains/100 μl intra-tracheal; all others were dosed by intra-peritoneal injection at days 1 and 7 with 80 mg/kg each of ATRA as well as 20 and 50 mg/kg each of Citrals 1 or 2 individually or in combination to represent all four chemicals and mold spores treatments. Positive and negative controls for each treatment were also included in the study. Animals were housed in rat cages at the JSU Research Animal Core Facilities and were placed on a 12:12 light-dark cycle. A standard rodent diet and water access were provided ad libidum. All animals were sacrificed on day 21 and lung tissues were processed for histopathology. Slides were prepared and were digitized for comparison of tissues pathology. Results showed that exposure of the F344 rats to ovalbumin and ATRA showed various levels of lung tissue damage that was ameliorated by Citral 2 in combination. Mold and ATRA exposure caused various levels of lung tissue damage that was reversed by C1 in combination with each other. Taken together, the study showed that there are variable pathologic inflammatory responses from the interaction of ovalbumin, Citrals, mold spores and retinoic acid, and that the addition of Citrals have reversed lung tissue pathologies. These findings warrants further investigation as to the actual role of these interactions in relation to acute/chronic lung disease and the possibility of reversing retinoid-mediated pathologies in the Fisher rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim O Farah
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Carlene Holt-Gray
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Joseph A Cameron
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Michelle Tucci
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Hamed Benghuzzi
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
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Farah IO, Holt-Gray C, Cameron JA, Tucci M, Benghuzzi H. IMPACT OF ATRA ON OVALBUMIN AND MOLD-SENSITIZED F344 RATS AND REVERSAL OF HEALTH-RELATED IMPLICATIONS BY CITRAL. BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES INSTRUMENTATION 2017; 53:320-327. [PMID: 29033473 PMCID: PMC5635838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of retinoic acid (All Trans Retinoic Acid; ATRA) in the development of hypervitaminosis A pathophysiology is not well understood or established in the literature. As well, the role of Citral (inhibitor of retinoid function; a non-toxic chemical that exists in two forms (diethyl; C1 or cis-trans dimethyl; C2).) in the reversal of pathophysiological implications is also not ascertained under an in vivo setting. Therefore, it is hypothesized that ovalbumin exposure will sensitize the body to supra-physiologic levels of retinoic acid leading to a negative pathophysiological impact and that Citrals 1 and 2 will reverse or ameliorate the related damage to the body's pathophysiology. Even though ovalbumin and retinoic have been previously applied through intra-tracheal route in cancer prevention and immunological research, the objective of this study was to evaluate their interaction as a remedy for hypervitaminosis A. This IACUC approved in vivo study used Fischer 344 rats (n = 80 ;229 to 273g), which were randomly assigned to controls as well as ovalbumin and mold-sensitized treatment groups (0.80 mg/kg and 1X109 mold spores combined from 4 strains/100 μl intra-tracheal; all others were dosed by intra-peritoneal injection at days 1 and 7 with 80 mg/kg each of ATRA as well as 20 and 50 mg/kg each of Citrals 1 or 2 individually or in combination to represent all four chemicals and mold spores treatments.. Positive and negative controls for each treatment were also included in the study. Animals were housed in rat cages at the JSU Research Animal Core Facilities and were placed on a 12:12 light dark cycle. A standard rodent diet and water access were provided ad-libidum. Rat weights were recorded on day 1 and 21, all animals were sacrificed on day 21 and blood was collected and processed for hematological parameters. Results showed that even though C1 and C2 were not toxic individually, their combination at high dosing was lethal. Exposure of ovalbumin-sensitized rats to ATRA showed various levels of weight losses and negative hematological implications that were ameliorated by exposure to Citrals at various combinations with retinoic acid. Taken together, the study showed that there are variable pathophysiological responses from the interaction of ovalbumin, mold spores and retinoic acid and that Citrals were found to be individually effective in reversing health-related pathophysiologies. These findings warrants further investigations as to the actual role of these interactions in relation to acute pathophysiologic health implications and the possibility of reversing hypervitaminosis A-mediated health-related impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim O Farah
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217
| | | | - Joseph A Cameron
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217
| | - Michelle Tucci
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217
| | - Hamed Benghuzzi
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217
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Farah IO, Holt-Gray C, Cameron JA, Tucci M, Cason Z, Benghuzzi H. Impact of Triple Combinations of Retinoic Acid, Mold Spores and Citral on the F344 Rat Lung Tissue Pathology. BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES INSTRUMENTATION 2016; 52:104-111. [PMID: 28603320 PMCID: PMC5463610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of retinoic acid (All Trans Retinoic Acid; ATRA) and Mold spores (MLD) in the development of lung pathology and in vivo tissue remodeling have not been well established in the literature. In addition, the role of citral (inhibitor of retinoid function) in the improvement of lung pathology has not been ascertained in animal studies. Therefore, it is hypothesized that ATRA and Mold (MLD) exposure will sensitize lung tissues leading to lung tissue pathology and that Citrals (C1 and C2) will reverse, ameliorate or improve the associated pathological damage to lung tissues. The study used an IACUC approved between-subject in vivo randomized split plot factorial design (F344 rat model; N=40). Animals were exposed to seven different treatments including untreated control, MLD, ATRA, Citrals (C1 and C2) and their MLD combinations (MLD+ ATRA+ C1, and MLD+ ATRA+ C2) by intra-peritoneal route. Rat weight and blood data were collected on Days 1 and 21, all animals were sacrificed on day 21, and lung tissues were processed for histopathology. Results from weight and blood data (ANOVA and Duncan) as well as from histopathological analyses supported the findings that exposure of F344 rats to MLD combinations with ATRA and Citrals showed various levels of lung tissue damage that were impacted by either C1 or C2 exposure. This promising study showed impressive responses on the interaction of MLD, Citrals, and ATRA as related to their impact on associated lung tissue pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim O Farah
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Carlene Holt-Gray
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Joseph A Cameron
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Michelle Tucci
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Zelma Cason
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
| | - Hamed Benghuzzi
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, and the University of Mississippi Medical Center
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Park DU, Choi YY, Ahn JJ, Lim HK, Kim SK, Roh HS, Cheong HK, Leem JH, Koh DH, Jung HJ, Lee KM, Lee JH, Kim YH, Lim SY, Paek DM, Lim CM, Hong SJ. Relationship between Exposure to Household Humidifier Disinfectants and Risk of Lung Injury: A Family-Based Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124610. [PMID: 25978522 PMCID: PMC4433275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In South Korea, a cluster of acute lung disease patients included lung injury disease suspected of being caused by the use of humidifier disinfectants. We examined the relationship between humidifier disinfectant exposure and clinically diagnosed humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury (HDLI) in a family-based study. Methods This case-control study included 169 clinically confirmed HDLI cases and 303 family controls who lived with the HDLI patients. A range of information on exposure to humidifier disinfectants was obtained using a structured questionnaire and field investigations. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models that were adjusted for age, sex, presence of a factory within 1 km of residence, and the number of household chemical products used. Results HDLI risk increased approximately two-fold or more among the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile in terms of the hours sleeping in a room with an operating humidifier treated with disinfectant (adjusted OR = 2.0, 95 % CI = 1.1-3.7), average hours of disinfectant-treated humidifier use per day (adjusted OR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.0-4.5), airborne disinfectant intensity (adjusted OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.2-5.3), and cumulative disinfectant inhalation level (adjusted OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.0-4.1). HDLI risk increased as the distance of the bed from humidifier gets shorter; compared with longer distance (> 1 m), the odds ratio was 2.7 for 0.5 to 1 m (95 % CI = 1.5-5.1) and 13.2 for <0.5 m (95 % CI = 2.4-73.0). Conclusions The use of household humidifier disinfectants was associated with HDLI risk in a dose-response manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Uk Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 110-791, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Ye-Yong Choi
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ju Ahn
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460, South Korea
| | - Heung-Kyu Lim
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460, South Korea
| | - Sun-Kyung Kim
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Roh
- Data analytics team, tiny Labs, Seoul, 140-822, South Korea
| | - Hae-Kwan Cheong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Jong-Han Leem
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Koh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, 210-701, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Jung
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 110-791, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mu Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 110-791, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Lee
- Institute of Environmental Safety and Protection, NeoEnBiz Co., Bucheon, 420-806, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hwa Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 305-343, South Korea
| | - Sin-Ye Lim
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 130-791, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Myung Paek
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Chae-Man Lim
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Park D, Leem J, Lee K, Lim H, Choi Y, Ahn JJ, Lim S, Park J, Choi K, Lee N, Jung H, Ha J, Paek D. Exposure characteristics of familial cases of lung injury associated with the use of humidifier disinfectants. Environ Health 2014; 13:70. [PMID: 25178403 PMCID: PMC4167125 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study describes 17 families with 38 lung injury patients (14 males, 24 females; 22 preschool-age children less than six years of age and 16 individuals of 13-50 years) who used disinfectant added to humidifiers in the home. METHODS Clinical examination and humidifier disinfectant-use histories were taken, and a thorough home investigation was performed to assess exposure to humidifier disinfectant. RESULTS Nine of the patients (three pregnant females, six preschool-age children) died soon after they first developed lung damage. Six (16%) were pregnant females and 22 (58%) were preschool-aged children younger than six years. The patients used humidifier disinfectant products containing either polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG, n = 36) or oligo(2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxyethyl guanidinium chloride (PGH, n = 2). Twenty-six patients (68%) used the brand "Oxy"®, which contains PHMG. Of the ten patients with fatal lung injury, nine were found to have used PHMG. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the use of humidifier disinfectant products containing either PGH or PHMG can cause lung injury, especially in preschool-age children younger than six years and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donguk Park
- />Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, 169 Dongsung-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghan Leem
- />Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyoungmu Lee
- />Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, 169 Dongsung-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Heungkyu Lim
- />Asian Citizen’s Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460 Korea
| | - Yeyong Choi
- />Asian Citizen’s Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460 Korea
| | - Jong-Ju Ahn
- />Asian Citizen’s Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, 110-460 Korea
| | - Sinye Lim
- />Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, 130-791 Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongim Park
- />Department of Environmental Health Science, Soon Chun Hyang University, Chuncheongnam-do, 336-745 Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- />School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
| | - Naroo Lee
- />Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Expo Yuseonggu, Daejun, 305-380 Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- />Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, 169 Dongsung-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsik Ha
- />Korea Environment Institute, Seoul, 122-706 Korea
| | - Domyung Paek
- />School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
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Gessesse B, Fragala MA, Connors BF, Wade WS. Beyond Traditional Biosafety. APPLIED BIOSAFETY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/153567601401900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bemnet Gessesse
- Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc., Needham, Massachusetts
| | - Matt A. Fragala
- Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc., Needham, Massachusetts
| | - Bryan F. Connors
- Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc., Needham, Massachusetts
| | - William S. Wade
- Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc., Needham, Massachusetts
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Rolle-Kampczyk U, Müller A, Diez U, Rehwagen M, Schwenke A, Metzner G, Herbarth O. Mycotoxins in house dust - an underestimated problem? Mycotoxin Res 2013; 16 Suppl 1:100-4. [PMID: 23605427 DOI: 10.1007/bf02942993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
People in developed countries spend up to 90% of their time indoors. This led to an increased awareness for problems regarding indoor environment in recent years. It is known that especially spores, mycelia and organic compounds released by the microbial colony e.g. mycotoxins and microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) can be harmful to human health. The aim of a pilot program is to investigate mould-dependent health complaints in a burdened population of the city of Leipzig, Germany. Phase 1 of the investigation includes inspection of dwellings, determination of exposure and clinical examination of exposed persons. In phase 2 it is planned to analyse the influence of burdens with mould spores and their metabolites like mycotoxins on health complaints. House dust seems to be a representative sample medium for sedimented spores and mycelia which may contain mycotoxins. The analysis will be performed by LC-MS-MS after extraction of the crude dust samples by accelerated solvent extraction. The qualitative proof of mycotoxins in house dust was successful in a case study with a high burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Human Exposure Research and Epidemiology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Permoser Str. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
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Lyons TW, Wakefield DB, Cloutier MM. Mold and Alternaria skin test reactivity and asthma in children in Connecticut. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2011; 106:301-7. [PMID: 21457878 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensitivity to mold has been associated with asthma incidence, persistence, and severity. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between skin test reactivity (STR) to molds and specifically to Alternaria and asthma severity in a group of ethnically diverse children in Connecticut. METHODS Demographics and STR to 14 local allergens, including Alternaria, Penicillium, and mold mix, were obtained for 914 Puerto Rican, African American, and non-Hispanic white children. RESULTS A total of 126 children (14%) had a positive skin test result to mold, and 58 (6%) demonstrated STR to Alternaria. Compared with non-Hispanic white children, there was no difference in the likelihood of being sensitized to Alternaria for Puerto Rican and African American children (odds ratio [OR], 0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-1.5; and OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.4-2.2; respectively). In an adjusted analysis, Alternaria STR was associated with severe, persistent asthma (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2-8.6) but did not predict increasing asthma severity. STR to cat (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.9) and dog (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3-6.0) was also associated with severe persistent asthma. Alternaria STR was associated with severe persistent asthma independent of the total number of positive skin test results. CONCLUSIONS Mold and Alternaria STR were uncommon among children in Connecticut. Alternaria STR was not associated with increasing asthma severity but was associated with severe, persistent asthma independent of the total number of positive skin test results. There was no association between ethnicity and Alternaria STR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd W Lyons
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, Zuberbier T, Baena-Cagnani CE, Canonica GW, van Weel C, Agache I, Aït-Khaled N, Bachert C, Blaiss MS, Bonini S, Boulet LP, Bousquet PJ, Camargos P, Carlsen KH, Chen Y, Custovic A, Dahl R, Demoly P, Douagui H, Durham SR, van Wijk RG, Kalayci O, Kaliner MA, Kim YY, Kowalski ML, Kuna P, Le LTT, Lemiere C, Li J, Lockey RF, Mavale-Manuel S, Meltzer EO, Mohammad Y, Mullol J, Naclerio R, O'Hehir RE, Ohta K, Ouedraogo S, Palkonen S, Papadopoulos N, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Popov TA, Rabe KF, Rosado-Pinto J, Scadding GK, Simons FER, Toskala E, Valovirta E, van Cauwenberge P, Wang DY, Wickman M, Yawn BP, Yorgancioglu A, Yusuf OM, Zar H, Annesi-Maesano I, Bateman ED, Ben Kheder A, Boakye DA, Bouchard J, Burney P, Busse WW, Chan-Yeung M, Chavannes NH, Chuchalin A, Dolen WK, Emuzyte R, Grouse L, Humbert M, Jackson C, Johnston SL, Keith PK, Kemp JP, Klossek JM, Larenas-Linnemann D, Lipworth B, Malo JL, Marshall GD, Naspitz C, Nekam K, Niggemann B, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Okamoto Y, Orru MP, Potter P, Price D, Stoloff SW, Vandenplas O, Viegi G, Williams D. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy 2008; 63 Suppl 86:8-160. [PMID: 18331513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3002] [Impact Index Per Article: 187.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Asthma/epidemiology
- Asthma/etiology
- Asthma/therapy
- Child
- Global Health
- Humans
- Prevalence
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/complications
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/diagnosis
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/epidemiology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/therapy
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/complications
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/epidemiology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/therapy
- Risk Factors
- World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bousquet
- University Hospital and INSERM, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
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Acute Lower Respiratory Infections. NUTRITION AND HEALTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 2008. [PMCID: PMC7122747 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-464-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Osborne M, Reponen T, Adhikari A, Cho SH, Grinshpun SA, Levin L, Bernstein DI, LeMasters G. Specific fungal exposures, allergic sensitization, and rhinitis in infants. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2006; 17:450-7. [PMID: 16925691 PMCID: PMC2233910 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indoor air quality has become increasingly important as we live in a society where the majority of our time is spent indoors. Specific attention has been drawn to airborne fungal spores as a factor affecting indoor air quality. This study targeted shortcomings of other studies by utilizing long-term air sampling and total fungal spore enumeration to determine associations between health outcomes and fungal spore concentrations. Infants (n = 144) were clinically evaluated and had skin prick tests (SPT) for 17 allergens. Airborne fungal spores were collected using a Button Personal Inhalable Sampler (SKC Inc.) for 48 h at a flow rate of 4 l/min. Sampling was conducted in the spring (March-May) or fall (August-October) in 2003-2004. Fungal spores were analyzed using microscopy-based total counting and identified to the genus/group level. Total spore and individual genus concentrations were analyzed for associations with rhinitis and positive SPT results. Overall, concentrations varied widely, between <2 and 2294 spores/m(3). While no relationship was observed between SPT(+) and total fungal counts, several significant associations were found when analysis was conducted on the various fungal genera and health outcomes. Positive associations were obtained between: Basidiospores and rhinitis (p < 0.01), Penicillium/Aspergillus and SPT(+) to any allergen (p < 0.01), and Alternaria and SPT(+) to any allergen (p < 0.01). Inverse associations were found between: Cladosporium and SPT(+) to any allergen (p < 0.05), and Cladosporium and SPT(+) to aeroallergens (p < 0.05). This study indicates that health outcome may vary by fungal genera; some fungal types may have sensitizing effects while others may have a beneficial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Osborne
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tiina Reponen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Atin Adhikari
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Seung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sergey A. Grinshpun
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Linda Levin
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - David I. Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Grace LeMasters
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Ichinose T, Takano H, Sadakane K, Yanagisawa R, Kawazato H, Sagai M, Shibamoto T. Differences in airway-inflammation development by house dust mite and diesel exhaust inhalation among mouse strains. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2003; 187:29-37. [PMID: 12628582 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-008x(02)00038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three mouse strains (BALB/c, ICR, and C3H/He) were injected intratracheally with house dust mites (Der f) four times at 2-week intervals during exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) or clean air for 8 weeks. Der f treatment caused eosinophilic inflammation and proliferation of goblet cells in the airways of the three strains. DE + Der f caused a further increase of eosinophils in BALB/c and ICR mice, but not in C3H/He mice. DE + Der f significantly increased interleukin (IL)-5; regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed, and presumably secreted (RANTES); eotaxin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1); and macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) in all three strains. However, the protein of IL-5 decreased more in C3H/He mice treated with DE + Der f than in mice treated with Air + Der f. The levels of IL-5 in lung tissues corresponded to the pathological changes by Der f and/or DE treatment. The levels of MCP-1 and MIP-1 alpha in the three strains corresponded to the accumulation of lymphocytes in the airway. The adjuvant effect of DE on IgG1 production was observed in the ICR and C3H/He mice. These results suggest that the murine strain differences in the production of eosinophilic airway inflammation by DE + Der f is related to differences in local expression of IL-5, eotaxin, and IgG1 production. The enhancing effects of DE exposure may be mediated mainly by local IL-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 2944-9 Notsuharu, Oita 870-1201, Japan
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Kuhn DM, Ghannoum MA. Indoor mold, toxigenic fungi, and Stachybotrys chartarum: infectious disease perspective. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003; 16:144-72. [PMID: 12525430 PMCID: PMC145304 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.16.1.144-172.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Damp buildings often have a moldy smell or obvious mold growth; some molds are human pathogens. This has caused concern regarding health effects of moldy indoor environments and has resulted in many studies of moisture- and mold-damaged buildings. Recently, there have been reports of severe illness as a result of indoor mold exposure, particularly due to Stachybotrys chartarum. While many authors describe a direct relationship between fungal contamination and illness, close examination of the literature reveals a confusing picture. Here, we review the evidence regarding indoor mold exposure and mycotoxicosis, with an emphasis on S. chartarum. We also examine possible end-organ effects, including pulmonary, immunologic, neurologic, and oncologic disorders. We discuss the Cleveland infant idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage reports in detail, since they provided important impetus for concerns about Stachybotrys. Some valid concerns exist regarding the relationship between indoor mold exposure and human disease. Review of the literature reveals certain fungus-disease associations in humans, including ergotism (Claviceps species), alimentary toxic aleukia (Fusarium), and liver disease (Aspergillys). While many papers suggest a similar relationship between Stachybotrys and human disease, the studies nearly uniformly suffer from significant methodological flaws, making their findings inconclusive. As a result, we have not found well-substantiated supportive evidence of serious illness due to Stachybotrys exposure in the contemporary environment. To address issues of indoor mold-related illness, there is an urgent need for studies using objective markers of illness, relevant animal models, proper epidemiologic techniques, and examination of confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Kuhn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Rolle-Kampczyk U, Köller G, Herbarth O, Popp P. Mycotoxins in house dust problems and analytical Approaches. Mycotoxin Res 2002; 18 Suppl 2:198-202. [PMID: 23606162 DOI: 10.1007/bf02946095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
People in developed countries spend up to 90% of their time indoors. This led to an increased awareness for problems regarding indoor environment in the recent years. It is known that mycotoxins formed by moulds can be harmful to human health.The body burden of mycotoxins is caused primarily by the uptake of cereals and related products but sometimes also by animal products. However the health effects caused by indoor moulds are currently under investigation. Therefore the aim of an investigation program is to study mould-dependent health effects in a burdened population of the city of Leipzig, Germany. To estimate exposure situation house dust samples are collected from loaded apartments. To realise the measurements of selected mycotoxins in house dust the development of a suitable analytical method was necessary. Capillary electrophoresis in combination with a special clean up of the samples was found to be an useful tool for these investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Rolle-Kampczyk
- UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Human Exposure Research and Epidemiology, Permoser Str. 15, 04318, Leipzig
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Bousquet J, Van Cauwenberge P, Khaltaev N. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108:S147-334. [PMID: 11707753 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.118891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2090] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bousquet
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital and INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Krieger JW, Song L, Takaro TK, Stout J. Asthma and the home environment of low-income urban children: preliminary findings from the Seattle-King County healthy homes project. J Urban Health 2000; 77:50-67. [PMID: 10741842 PMCID: PMC3456608 DOI: 10.1007/bf02350962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood asthma is a growing public health concern in low-income urban communities. Indoor exposure to asthma triggers has emerged as an important cause of asthma exacerbations. We describe indoor environmental conditions related to asthma triggers among a low-income urban population in Seattle/King County, Washington, as well as caregiver knowledge and resources related to control of these triggers. METHODS Data are obtained from in-person, structured, closed-end interviews with the caretakers of children aged 4-12 years with persistent asthma living in households with incomes less than 200% of poverty. Additional information is collected during a home inspection. The children and their caregivers are participants in the ongoing Seattle-King County Healthy Homes Project, a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to empower low-income families to reduce exposure to indoor asthma triggers. We report findings on the conditions of the homes prior to this intervention among the first 112 enrolled households. RESULTS A smoker was present in 37.5% of homes. Mold was visible in 26.8% of homes, water damage was present in 18.6% of homes, and damp conditions occurred in 64.8% of households, while 39.6% of caregivers were aware that excessive moisture can increase exposures to allergens. Dust-trapping reservoirs were common; 76.8% of children's bedrooms had carpeting. Cockroach infestation in the past 3 months was reported by 23.4% of caregivers, while 57.1% were unaware of the association of roaches and asthma. Only 19.8% of the children had allergy-control mattress covers. CONCLUSIONS Many low-income urban children with asthma in King County live in indoor environments that place them at substantial risk of ongoing exposure to asthma triggers. Substandard housing and lack of resources often underlie these exposures. Initiatives involving health educators, outreach workers, medical providers, health care insurers, housing agencies, and elected officials are needed to reduce these exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Krieger
- Seattle Partners for Healthy Communities/Public Health--Seattle and King County, WA 98104-4039, USA.
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