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Wesselink AK, Claus Henn B, Fruh V, Geller RJ, Coleman CM, Schildroth S, Sjodin A, Bethea TN, Noel NL, Baird DD, Wegienka G, Wise LA. Persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals and incident uterine leiomyomata: A mixtures analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175871. [PMID: 39216750 PMCID: PMC11392607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine leiomyomata (UL; fibroids) are hormone-dependent neoplasms that can cause significant gynecologic morbidity. Studies have documented associations between concentrations of persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and UL incidence; however, few have assessed the effects of EDC mixtures on UL. METHODS In the Study of Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a prospective cohort study, participants attended study visits at baseline and approximately every 20 months for up to 10 years; at each visit, they completed questionnaires, provided blood samples, and underwent standardized ultrasound examinations. In baseline plasma samples (n = 1155), we quantified concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides using high-resolution mass spectrometry. We selected nine EDCs detected in >60 % of samples (4 PCBs, 4 PBDEs, and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene (p,p'-DDE)) and conducted probit Bayesian kernel machine regression with hierarchical variable selection to estimate effects of the EDC mixture and individual EDCs on UL incidence, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS During 10 years of follow-up, 32 % of participants developed ultrasound-detected UL. The EDC mixture was not appreciably associated with the probit of UL (β comparing all EDCs at their 75th vs. 50th percentile:= - 0.01, 95 % credible interval [CrI]: -0.11, 0.10). However, individual EDC concentrations were associated with UL in opposing directions: PCB138/158 was positively associated with UL (β for 25th-to-75th-percentile increase when all other chemicals were set to their 50th percentile = 0.18, 95 % CrI: -0.09, 0.44), whereas PBDE99 and p,p'-DDE were inversely associated with UL (β = -0.06, 95 % CrI: -0.21, 0.10 and β = -0.12, 95 % CrI: -0.34, 0.10, respectively). There was little evidence of interaction between EDCs. CONCLUSION In this prospective ultrasound study, a mixture of persistent EDCs was not appreciably associated with incident UL during 10 years of follow-up, but individual EDCs were associated with UL in opposite directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ruth J Geller
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Chad M Coleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Nyia L Noel
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States of America
| | | | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Alcalá CS, Armendáriz-Arnez C, Mora AM, Rodriguez-Zamora MG, Bradman A, Fuhrimann S, Lindh C, Rosa MJ. Association of pesticide exposure with respiratory health outcomes and rhinitis in avocado farmworkers from Michoacán, Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173855. [PMID: 38871332 PMCID: PMC11250725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing literature suggests associations between occupational pesticide exposure and respiratory health. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of exposure to insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, individually and as a mixture, with respiratory health outcomes and rhinitis in avocado farmworkers from Michoacán, Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 105 avocado farmworkers between May and August 2021. We quantified 12 insecticide, fungicide, and herbicide metabolites in urine samples collected during two study visits (8-10 weeks apart). We collected survey data on self-reported pesticide use during the 12 months prior to the baseline survey and estimated annual exposure-intensity scores (EIS) using a semi-quantitative exposure algorithm. We also assessed respiratory symptoms, including wheezing, chest tightness, wheezing after exercise, and night cough. We used generalized linear regression models to examine associations of individual urinary metabolite concentrations and annual EIS with respiratory health outcomes and rhinitis. Mixture effects were assessed using Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sum (BWQS) regression. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple comparisons, we observed mostly null associations of individual pesticide metabolite concentrations and annual EIS with the outcomes of interest. However, in BWQS analyses, we found evidence of a mixture association of urinary pesticide metabolites with increased odds of night cough (OR: 5.34, 95 % CrI: 1.67, 20.62). Pyrethroid metabolites 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid were the main contributors to this association (43 %). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that exposure to a mixture of pesticides, particularly pyrethroid insecticides, may be associated with night cough in avocado farmworkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cynthia Armendáriz-Arnez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana M Mora
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Maria G Rodriguez-Zamora
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Seguridad Laboral e Higiene Ambiental (EISLHA), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - María José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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3
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Irvine N, Bell RC, Subhan FB, Field CJ, Liu J, MacDonald AM, Kinniburgh DW, Martin JW, Dewey D, England-Mason G. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI influences the associations between bisphenol and phthalate exposures and maternal weight changes and fat accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119276. [PMID: 38830392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenols and phthalates are two classes of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) thought to influence weight and adiposity. Limited research has investigated their influence on maternal weight changes, and no prior work has examined maternal fat mass. We examined the associations between exposure to these chemicals during pregnancy and multiple maternal weight and fat mass outcomes. METHODS This study included a sample of 318 women enrolled in a Canadian prospective pregnancy cohort. Second trimester urinary concentrations of 2 bisphenols and 12 phthalate metabolites were quantified. Self-reported and measured maternal weights and measured skinfold thicknesses were used to calculate gestational weight gain, 3-months and 3- to 5-years postpartum weight retention, late pregnancy fat mass gain, total postpartum fat mass loss, and late postpartum fat mass retention. Adjusted robust regressions examined associations between chemicals and outcomes in the entire study population and sub-groups stratified by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Bayesian kernel machine regression examined chemical mixture effects. RESULTS Among women with underweight or normal pre-pregnancy BMIs, MBzP was negatively associated with weight retention at 3- to 5-years postpartum (B = -0.04, 95%CI: -0.07, -0.01). Among women with overweight or obese pre-pregnancy BMIs, MEHP and MMP were positively associated with weight retention at 3-months and 3- to 5-years postpartum, respectively (B's = 0.12 to 0.63, 95%CIs: 0.02, 1.07). DEHP metabolites and MCNP were positively associated with late pregnancy fat mass gain and late postpartum fat mass retention (B's = 0.04 to 0.18, 95%CIs: 0.001, 0.32). Further, the mixture of EDCs was positively associated with late pregnancy fat mass gain. CONCLUSION In this cohort, pre-pregnancy BMI was a key determinant of the associations between second trimester exposure to bisphenols and phthalates and maternal weight changes and fat accumulation. Investigations of underlying physiological mechanisms, windows of susceptibility, and impacts on maternal and infant health are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Irvine
- Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rhonda C Bell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fatheema B Subhan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, United States
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amy M MacDonald
- Alberta Centre for Toxicology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David W Kinniburgh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Centre for Toxicology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department Environmental Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary. Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gillian England-Mason
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary. Alberta, Canada.
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Notario Barandiaran L, Bauer JA, Jackson BP, Karagas MR. Fish intake and mercury exposure in young children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119277. [PMID: 38821458 PMCID: PMC11251838 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fish consumption is one of the main sources of mercury (Hg) exposure, but few studies have examined Hg exposure from fish consumption among children. This study aimed to assess the frequency of fish intake and associations with Hg and other element concentrations among 700 three-year-old children from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Usual fish intake was derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire (Block Questionnaire for ages 2-7) and toenail element concentrations were determined using ICP-MS. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between fish intake and toenail element concentrations. A mixture analysis, using Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, was used to estimate the relative contribution of fish consumption to element exposures. Twenty-three percent of children were reported to consume at least one fish meal/week on average during the previous 6 months. In adjusted linear regression models, children with any type of fish consumption versus no consumption had 108% (95% confidence interval (CI: 68%, 153%)) higher toenail Hg concentrations. To a lesser extent, children consuming "other fish (not fried) including tuna" and "fried fish or fish sticks" had 120% (95% CI: 82%, 164%), and 23% (95% CI: 2%, 51%) higher toenail concentrations, respectively, than those consuming no fish. Using WQS regression, Hg was the element most strongly related to fish consumption. Fish intake among young children was related to Hg exposure even at low levels of consumption. Future studies will need to determine the health consequences of this exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia A Bauer
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Trace Element Analysis Laboratory, Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
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5
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Notario-Barandiaran L, Morales E, Vioque J, Martinez-Gracia C, Santaella-Pascual M, Suarez-Martinez C, Garcia-Marcos L, Karagas MR, Signes-Pastor AJ. Urinary concentrations of non-essential and essential elements during weaning in infants from the NELA Cohort in Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:119989. [PMID: 39278582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Infancy is a period of continuous growth and development, where inadequate intake of essential elements and exposure to non-essential elements may have lifelong health consequences. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the urine concentration of essential and non-essential elements as a proxy for internal exposure during the weaning period, from 3 to 18 months of age. The Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort generated the data for this study. Sociodemographic, dietary, and urine concentration of essential (Co, Cu, Mo, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn, and Ni) and non-essential elements (Al, V, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, and Pb) data were available for 490 participants at 3 months of age and 216 participants at 18 months of age. Paired urine samples at both time periods were available for 175 infants. At 3 months of age, exclusively breastfed infants had lower urine concentrations of Al, V, Fe, Co, Se, Sb, and Tl. Notably, the concentration of Mo had a median (IQR) of 0.60 (0.40-2.10) μg/L compared to a median (IQR) of 39.80 (25.00-56.40) μg/L observed in infants exclusively fed with formula. When we analyzed the change in urine elements concentrations between 3 and 18 months of age, we observed increased As (0.75 vs. 18.60 μg/L), Co (0.05 vs. 0.24 μg/L), Mo (1.98 vs. 50.0 μg/L), Pb (0.15 vs. 0.69 μg/L), Se (11.3 vs. 23.1 μg/L), Tl (0.02 vs. 0.11 μg/L), and V (0.05 vs. 0.11 μg/L). For Cu, lower urine concentrations were observed at 18 months of age in comparison with concentrations at 3 months (5.77 vs. 4.41 μg/L). Among the main food items identified as driving the changes in urine concentration between 3 and 18 months of age were white fish, rice and pasta, potato chips, custard, small blue fish, and legumes. Exclusively breastfed infants showed lower exposure to non-essential elements compared to those who were fed with a mixture or formula. With the introduction of solid foods, the exposure to some non-essential elements increased drastically, as in the case of As and Pb. In addition, exposure to the essential metal Mo also increased substantially with the introduction of solid food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Morales
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Martinez-Gracia
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suarez-Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Garcia-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
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6
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Li P, Chen Z. Association of blood isobutyronitrile with infertility among reproductive-aged women: Results from the NHANES cohort. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:117010. [PMID: 39241610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Isobutyronitrile finds extensive application in organic synthesis for the production of the insecticide diazinon. Apart from occupational exposure, cigarette smoking may also expose the general population to isobutyronitrile. However, to date, the association between isobutyronitrile and female infertility has not been explored in a population-based study. Hence, we analysed data from 1254 women, aged 18-44, with blood isobutyronitrile results and infertility questionnaires, from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016 and NHANES 2017-March 2020. To compare differences, weighted chi-square tests were conducted for categorical variables and weighted regression models were performed for continuous variables. Logistic regression and generalized linear models were applied to examine the associations. Each standard deviation increment (SD=0.026) of isobutyronitrile increased the risk of infertility by 24 % after adjusting for potential confounders in logistic regression model (aOR=1.24; 95 % CI: 1.06-1.46). In women who had been pregnant and gave birth, the results exhibited a consistent linear relationship. The participants were classified into two groups, namely positive and negative, using an isobutyronitrile cut-off value that exceeded 0.040 ng/mL. The positive group did not demonstrate a statistically significant correlation (aOR=1.55; 95 % CI: 0.66-3.65). According to smooth curve fitting, isobutyronitrile and infertility was linearly related across the entire range, and no threshold effect was found. Particularly, non-Hispanic Black women had a significantly stronger association with isobutyronitrile exposure and infertility (aOR=4.27; 95 % CI: 1.32-13.83). In conclusion, our study was the first report of an independent association of isobutyronitrile with infertility, especially in non-Hispanic Black women. Additional fundamental research on nonhuman primates, along with comprehensive clinical studies, are necessary to fully elucidate the intricate mechanisms underlying isobutyronitrile activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Li
- The Assisted Reproduction Centre, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- The Assisted Reproduction Centre, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Barbehenn A, Zhao SD. Nonparametric empirical Bayes biomarker imputation and estimation. Stat Med 2024; 43:3742-3758. [PMID: 38897921 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers are often measured in bulk to diagnose patients, monitor patient conditions, and research novel drug pathways. The measurement of these biomarkers often suffers from detection limits that result in missing and untrustworthy measurements. Frequently, missing biomarkers are imputed so that down-stream analysis can be conducted with modern statistical methods that cannot normally handle data subject to informative censoring. This work develops an empirical Bayesg $$ g $$ -modeling method for imputing and denoising biomarker measurements. We establish superior estimation properties compared to popular methods in simulations and with real data, providing the useful biomarker measurement estimations for down-stream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alton Barbehenn
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Sihai Dave Zhao
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
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8
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Lopez L, Kogut K, Rauch S, Gunier RB, Wong MP, Harris E, Deardorff J, Eskenazi B, Harley KG. Organophosphate pesticide exposure and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 255:119214. [PMID: 38788790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have reported immune modulation by organophosphate (OP) pesticides, but the relationship between OP exposure and SARS-CoV-2 infection is yet to be studied. We used two different measures of OP pesticide exposure (urinary biomarkers (N = 154) and residential proximity to OP applications (N = 292)) to examine the association of early-childhood and lifetime exposure to OPs and risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 using antibody data. Our study population consisted of young adults (ages 18-21 years) from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) Study, a longitudinal cohort of families from a California agricultural region. Urinary biomarkers reflected exposure from in utero to age 5 years. Residential proximity reflected exposures between in utero and age 16 years. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood samples collected between June 2022 and January 2023 were detected via two enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, each designed to bind to different SARS-CoV-2 antigens. We performed logistic regression for each measure of pesticide exposure, adjusting for covariates from demographic data and self-reported questionnaire data. We found increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection among participants with higher urinary biomarkers of OPs in utero (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 0.71, 5,58) and from age 0-5 (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.54, 6.95).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Lopez
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Katie Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Stephen Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Robert B Gunier
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Marcus P Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Julianna Deardorff
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Kim G Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.
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9
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Chen IC, Bertke SJ, Dahm MM. Quantile regression for longitudinal data with values below the limit of detection and time-dependent covariates-application to modeling carbon nanotube and nanofiber exposures. Ann Work Expo Health 2024:wxae068. [PMID: 39141417 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In studies of occupational health, longitudinal environmental exposure, and biomonitoring data are often subject to right skewing and left censoring, in which measurements fall below the limit of detection (LOD). To address right-skewed data, it is common practice to log-transform the data and model the geometric mean, assuming a log-normal distribution. However, if the transformed data do not follow a known distribution, modeling the mean of exposure may result in bias and reduce efficiency. In addition, when examining longitudinal data, it is possible that certain covariates may vary over time. OBJECTIVE To develop predictive quantile regression models to resolve the issues of left censoring and time-dependent covariates and to quantitatively evaluate if previous and current covariates can predict current and/or future exposure levels. METHODS To address these gaps, we suggested incorporating different substitution approaches into quantile regression and utilizing a method for selecting a working type of time dependency for covariates. RESULTS In a simulation study, we demonstrated that, under different types of time-dependent covariates, the approach of multiple random value imputation outperformed the other approaches. We also applied our methods to a carbon nanotube and nanofiber exposure study. The dependent variables are the left-censored mass of elemental carbon at both the respirable and inhalable aerosol size fractions. In this study, we identified some potential time-dependent covariates with respect to worker-level determinants and job tasks. CONCLUSION Time dependency for covariates is rarely accounted for when analyzing longitudinal environmental exposure and biomonitoring data with values less than the LOD through predictive modeling. Mistreating the time-dependency as time-independency will lead to an efficiency loss of regression parameter estimation. Therefore, we addressed time-varying covariates in longitudinal exposure and biomonitoring data with left-censored measurements and illustrated an entire conditional distribution through different quantiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chen Chen
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Stephen J Bertke
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Matthew M Dahm
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
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Zhang Y, Meliefste K, Hu W, Portengen L, Rothman N, Reiss B, Li J, Xu J, Ning B, Liu D, Cassee FR, Wong JYY, Vermeulen R, Lan Q, Downward GS. Expanded PAH analysis of household air pollution in a rural region of China with high lung cancer incidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 361:124717. [PMID: 39147225 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The domestic combustion of locally sourced smoky (bituminous) coal in Xuanwei and Fuyuan counties, China, is responsible for some of the highest lung cancer rates in the world. Recent research has pointed to methylated PAHs (mPAHs), particularly 5-methylchrysene (5MC), within coal combustion products as a driving factor. Here we describe measurements of mPAHs in Xuanwei and Fuyuan derived from controlled burnings (i.e., water boiling tests, WBT, n = 27) representing exposures during stove use, and an exposure assessment (EA) study (n = 116) representing 24 h weighted exposures. Using smoky coal has led to significantly higher concentrations of known and likely human carcinogens than using smokeless coal, including 5MC (3.7 ng/m3 vs. 1.0 ng/m3 for EA samples and 100.8 ng/m3 vs. 2.2 ng/m3 for WBT samples), benzo[a]pyrene (38.0 ng/m3 vs. 7.9 ng/m3 for EA samples and 455.3 ng/m3 vs. 12.0 ng/m3 for WBT samples) and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (1.9 ng/m3 vs. 0.2 ng/m3 for EA samples and 47.7 ng/m3 vs. 0.6 ng/m3 for WBT samples). Mixed effect models for both EA samples and WBT samples revealed clear variation in mPAHs concentrations depending on smoky coal source while stove ventilation was consistently found to reduce measured concentrations (by up to nine fold and 65 fold for EA and WBT samples respectively when using smoky coal). Fuel type had a larger influence on mPAHs concentrations than stove type. These findings indicate that users of smoky coal experience exposure to many PAHs, including known and suspected human carcinogens (especially during cooking activities), many of which are not routinely tested for. Collectively, this provides insights into the potential etiologies of lung cancer in the region and further highlights the importance of targeting clean fuel transitions and stove refinements as the final goal for reducing household air pollution and its associated health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhang
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees Meliefste
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Wei Hu
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lützen Portengen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Boris Reiss
- Center for Economics and Corporate Sustainability, Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jihua Li
- Xuanwei Center of Disease Control, No.6, Longbao Rd, Xuanwei, Qujing, Yunnan, 655400, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Hongkong, Hongkong, China
| | - Baofu Ning
- Xuanwei Center of Disease Control, No.6, Longbao Rd, Xuanwei, Qujing, Yunnan, 655400, China
| | - Dingyu Liu
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Qing Lan
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - George S Downward
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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11
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Khodasevich D, Holland N, Harley KG, Eskenazi B, Barcellos LF, Cardenas A. Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and phthalates and altered patterns of DNA methylation in childhood. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108862. [PMID: 38972116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic marks are key biomarkers linking the prenatal environment to health and development. However, DNA methylation associations and persistence of marks for prenatal exposure to multiple Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in human populations have not been examined in great detail. METHODS We measured Bisphenol-A (BPA), triclosan, benzophenone-3 (BP3), methyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, and butyl-paraben, as well as 11 phthalate metabolites, in two pregnancy urine samples, at approximately 13 and 26 weeks of gestation in participants of the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study (N = 309). DNA methylation of cord blood at birth and child peripheral blood at ages 9 and 14 years was measured with 450K and EPIC arrays. Robust linear regression was used to identify differentially methylated probes (DMPs), and comb-p was used to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in association with pregnancy-averaged EDC concentrations. Quantile g-computation was used to assess associations of the whole phenol/phthalate mixture with DMPs and DMRs. RESULTS Prenatal BPA exposure was associated with 1 CpG among males and Parabens were associated with 10 CpGs among females at Bonferroni-level significance in cord blood. Other suggestive DMPs (unadjusted p-value < 1 × 10-6) and several DMRs associated with the individual phenols and whole mixture were also identified. A total of 10 CpG sites at least suggestively associated with BPA, Triclosan, BP3, Parabens, and the whole mixture in cord blood were found to persist into adolescence in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS We found sex-specific associations between prenatal phenol exposure and DNA methylation, particularly with BPA in males and Parabens in females. Additionally, we found several DMPs that maintained significant associations with prenatal EDC exposures at age 9 and age 14 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Khodasevich
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Berkeley Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), Berkeley Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kim G Harley
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), Berkeley Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), Berkeley Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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12
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Mahfouz M, Mahfouz Y, Harmouche-Karaki M, Matta J, Younes H, Helou K, Finan R, Abi-Tayeh G, Meslimani M, Moussa G, Chahrour N, Osseiran C, Skaiki F, Narbonne JF. Utilizing machine learning to classify persistent organic pollutants in the serum of pregnant women: a predictive modeling approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:52980-52995. [PMID: 39168932 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that remain detrimental to critical subpopulations, namely pregnant women. Required tests for biomonitoring are quite expensive. Moreover, statistical models aiming to discover the relationships between pollutants levels and human characteristics have their limitations. Therefore, the objective of this study is to use machine learning predictive models to further examine the pollutants' predictors, while comparing them. Levels of 33 congeners were measured in the serum of 269 pregnant women, from whom data was collected regarding sociodemographic, dietary, environmental, and anthropometric characteristics. Several machine learning algorithms were compared using "Python" for each pollutant: support vector machine (SVM), random forest, XGBoost, and neural networks. The aforementioned characteristics were included in the model as features. Prediction, accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were retrieved to compare the models between them and among pollutants. The highest performing model for all pollutants was Random Forest. Results showed a moderate to acceptable performance and discriminative power among all POPs, with OCPs' model performing slightly better than all other models. Top related features for each model were also presented using SHAP analysis, detailing the predictors' negative or positive impact on the model. In conclusion, developing such a tool is of major importance in a context of limited financial and research resources. Nevertheless, machine learning models should always be interpreted with caution by exploring all evaluation metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Damascus RoadRiad Solh, P.O. Box 115076, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Damascus RoadRiad Solh, P.O. Box 115076, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Mireille Harmouche-Karaki
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Damascus RoadRiad Solh, P.O. Box 115076, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Matta
- Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University Campus, Baabda, Hadath, Lebanon, P.O. Box 112806
| | - Hassan Younes
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Collège Santé, Equipe PANASH, Membre de l'ULR 7519, Université d'Artois, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, 60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Damascus RoadRiad Solh, P.O. Box 115076, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon
| | - Ramzi Finan
- Hotel-Dieu de France, Saint Joseph University of Beirut Hospital, Blvd Alfred Naccache, Beirut, Lebanon, P.O. Box 166830
| | - Georges Abi-Tayeh
- Hotel-Dieu de France, Saint Joseph University of Beirut Hospital, Blvd Alfred Naccache, Beirut, Lebanon, P.O. Box 166830
| | | | - Ghada Moussa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chtoura Hospital, Beqaa, Lebanon
| | - Nada Chahrour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SRH University Hospital, Nabatieh, Lebanon
| | - Camille Osseiran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kassab Hospital, Saida, Lebanon
| | - Farouk Skaiki
- Department of Molecular Biology, General Management, Al Karim Medical Laboratories, Saida, Lebanon
| | - Jean-François Narbonne
- Laboratoire de Physico-Toxico Chimie Des Systèmes Naturels, University of Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, CEDEX, France
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13
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Spaur M, Medgyesi DN, Bangia K, Madrigal JM, Hurwitz LM, Beane Freeman LE, Fisher JA, Spielfogel ES, Lacey JV, Sanchez T, Jones RR, Ward MH. Drinking water source and exposure to regulated water contaminants in the California Teachers Study cohort. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00703-9. [PMID: 39003368 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pollutants including metals/metalloids, nitrate, disinfection byproducts, and volatile organic compounds contaminate federally regulated community water systems (CWS) and unregulated domestic wells across the United States. Exposures and associated health effects, particularly at levels below regulatory limits, are understudied. OBJECTIVE We described drinking water sources and exposures for the California Teachers Study (CTS), a prospective cohort of female California teachers and administrators. METHODS Participants' geocoded addresses at enrollment (1995-1996) were linked to CWS service area boundaries and monitoring data (N = 115,206, 92%); we computed average (1990-2015) concentrations of arsenic, uranium, nitrate, gross alpha (GA), five haloacetic acids (HAA5), total trihalomethanes (TTHM), trichloroethylene (TCE), and tetrachloroethylene (PCE). We used generalized linear regression to estimate geometric mean ratios of CWS exposures across demographic subgroups and neighborhood characteristics. Self-reported drinking water source and consumption at follow-up (2017-2019) were also described. RESULTS Medians (interquartile ranges) of average concentrations of all contaminants were below regulatory limits: arsenic: 1.03 (0.54,1.71) µg/L, uranium: 3.48 (1.01,6.18) µg/L, GA: 2.21 (1.32,3.67) pCi/L, nitrate: 0.54 (0.20,1.97) mg/L, HAA5: 8.67 (2.98,14.70) µg/L, and TTHM: 12.86 (4.58,21.95) µg/L. Among those who lived within a CWS boundary and self-reported drinking water information (2017-2019), approximately 74% self-reported their water source as municipal, 15% bottled, 2% private well, 4% other, and 5% did not know/missing. Spatially linked water source was largely consistent with self-reported source at follow-up (2017-2019). Relative to non-Hispanic white participants, average arsenic, uranium, GA, and nitrate concentrations were higher for Black, Hispanic and Native American participants. Relative to participants living in census block groups in the lowest socioeconomic status (SES) quartile, participants in higher SES quartiles had lower arsenic/uranium/GA/nitrate, and higher HAA5/TTHM. Non-metropolitan participants had higher arsenic/uranium/nitrate, and metropolitan participants had higher HAA5/TTHM. IMPACT Though average water contaminant levels were mostly below regulatory limits in this large cohort of California women, we observed heterogeneity in exposures across sociodemographic subgroups and neighborhood characteristics. These data will be used to support future assessments of drinking water exposures and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Spaur
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Danielle N Medgyesi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Komal Bangia
- Community and Environmental Epidemiology Research Branch, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Jessica M Madrigal
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lauren M Hurwitz
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jared A Fisher
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Emma S Spielfogel
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - James V Lacey
- Division of Health Analytics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany Sanchez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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14
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Masterson EE, Riederer AM, Loftus CT, Wallace ER, Szpiro AA, Simpson CD, Muralidharan R, Trasande L, Barrett ES, Nguyen RHN, Kannan K, Robinson M, Swan S, Mason WA, Bush NR, Sathyanarayana S, LeWinn KZ, Karr CJ. Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite concentrations in three pregnancy cohorts from 7 U.S. study sites. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305004. [PMID: 38959439 PMCID: PMC11221841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse birth and developmental outcomes in children. We aimed to describe prenatal PAH exposures in a large, multisite U.S. consortium. METHODS We measured 12 mono-hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) of 7 PAHs (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo(c)phenanthrene, chrysene, benz(a)anthracene) in mid-pregnancy urine of 1,892 pregnant individuals from the ECHO PATHWAYS consortium cohorts: CANDLE (n = 988; Memphis), TIDES (n = 664; Minneapolis, Rochester, San Francisco, Seattle) and GAPPS (n = 240; Seattle and Yakima, WA). We described concentrations of 8 OH-PAHs of non-smoking participants (n = 1,695) by site, socioeconomic characteristics, and pregnancy stage (we report intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for n = 677 TIDES participants). RESULTS Exposure to the selected PAHs was ubiquitous at all sites. 2-hydroxynaphthalene had the highest average concentrations at all sites. CANDLE had the highest average concentrations of most metabolites. Among non-smoking participants, we observed some patterns by income, education, and race but these were not consistent and varied by site and metabolite. ICCs of repeated OH-PAH measures from TIDES participants were ≤ 0.51. CONCLUSION In this geographically-diverse descriptive analysis of U.S. pregnancies, we observed ubiquitous exposure to low molecular weight PAHs, highlighting the importance of better understanding PAH sources and their pediatric health outcomes attributed to early life PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Masterson
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Anne M. Riederer
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christine T. Loftus
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Erin R. Wallace
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Adam A. Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher D. Simpson
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Revathi Muralidharan
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Emily S. Barrett
- Rutgers School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Ruby H. N. Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Morgan Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shanna Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - W. Alex Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nicole R. Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kaja Z. LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Catherine J. Karr
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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15
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Hu JMY, Arbuckle TE, Janssen PA, Lanphear BP, Alampi JD, Braun JM, MacFarlane AJ, Chen A, McCandless LC. Gestational exposure to organochlorine compounds and metals and infant birth weight: effect modification by maternal hardships. Environ Health 2024; 23:60. [PMID: 38951908 PMCID: PMC11218229 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and maternal social hardships are individually associated with impaired fetal growth, but it is unclear whether the effects of environmental chemical exposure on infant birth weight are modified by maternal hardships. METHODS We used data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pan-Canadian cohort of 1982 pregnant females enrolled between 2008 and 2011. We quantified eleven environmental chemical concentrations from two chemical classes - six organochlorine compounds (OCs) and five metals - that were detected in ≥ 70% of blood samples collected during the first trimester. We examined fetal growth using birth weight adjusted for gestational age and assessed nine maternal hardships by questionnaire. Each maternal hardship variable was dichotomized to indicate whether the females experienced the hardship. In our analysis, we used elastic net to select the environmental chemicals, maternal hardships, and 2-way interactions between maternal hardships and environmental chemicals that were most predictive of birth weight. Next, we obtained effect estimates using multiple linear regression, and plotted the relationships by hardship status for visual interpretation. RESULTS Elastic net selected trans-nonachlor, lead, low educational status, racially minoritized background, and low supplemental folic acid intake. All were inversely associated with birth weight. Elastic net also selected interaction terms. Among those with increasing environmental chemical exposures and reported hardships, we observed stronger negative associations and a few positive associations. For example, every two-fold increase in lead concentrations was more strongly associated with reduced infant birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = -100 g (g); 95% confidence interval (CI): -215, 16), than those with higher educational status (β = -34 g; 95% CI: -63, -3). In contrast, every two-fold increase in mercury concentrations was associated with slightly higher birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = 23 g; 95% CI: -25, 71) compared to those with higher educational status (β = -9 g; 95% CI: -24, 6). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maternal hardships can modify the associations of gestational exposure to some OCs and metals with infant birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Y Hu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 101 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 101 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Patricia A Janssen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Joshua D Alampi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Texas A&M Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Evidence Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Pálešová N, Bláhová L, Janoš T, Řiháčková K, Pindur A, Šebejová L, Čupr P. Exposure to benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles in Czech male population and its associations with biomarkers of liver function, serum lipids and oxidative stress. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:523-536. [PMID: 38546760 PMCID: PMC11130049 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles (BTs) are high-production volume chemicals as well as widely distributed emerging pollutants with potential health risk. However, information about human exposure to BTs and associated health outcomes is limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterise exposure to BTs among Czech men, including possible occupational exposure among firefighters, its predictors, and its associations with liver function, serum lipids and oxidative stress. METHODS 165 participants (including 110 firefighters) provided urine and blood samples that were used to quantify the urinary levels of 8 BTs (high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry), and 4 liver enzymes, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. Linear regression was used to assess associations with population characteristics and biomarkers of liver function, serum lipids and oxidative stress. Regression models were adjusted for potential confounding variables and false discovery rate procedure was applied to account for multiplicity. RESULTS The BTs ranged from undetected up to 46.8 ng/mL. 2-hydroxy-benzothiazole was the most predominant compound (detection frequency 83%; median 1.95 ng/mL). 1-methyl-benzotriazole (1M-BTR) was measured in human samples for the first time, with a detection frequency 77% and median 1.75 ng/mL. Professional firefighters had lower urinary 1M-BTR compared to non-firefighters. Urinary 1M-BTR was associated with levels of γ-glutamyl transferase (β = - 17.54%; 95% CI: - 26.127, - 7.962). CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate BT exposure in Central Europe, including potentially exposed firefighters. The findings showed a high prevalence of BTs in the study population, the relevance of 1M-BTR as a new biomarker of exposure, and an urgent need for further research into associated adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Pálešová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bláhová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Janoš
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Řiháčková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Pindur
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Training Centre of Fire Rescue Service, General Directorate of Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, Ministry of the Interior, Trnkova 85, 628 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Šebejová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Gao Y, Li R, Ma Q, Baker JM, Rauch S, Gunier RB, Mora AM, Kogut K, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Reiss AL, Sagiv SK. Childhood exposure to organophosphate pesticides: Functional connectivity and working memory in adolescents. Neurotoxicology 2024; 103:206-214. [PMID: 38908438 PMCID: PMC11302996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides is linked with adverse neurodevelopment and brain function in children. However, we have limited knowledge of how these exposures affect functional connectivity, a measure of interaction between brain regions. To address this gap, we examined the association between early life OP pesticide exposure and functional connectivity in adolescents. METHODS We administered functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to 291 young adults with measured prenatal or childhood dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a longitudinal study of women recruited during pregnancy and their offspring. We measured DAPs in urinary samples collected from mothers during pregnancy (13 and 26 weeks) and children in early life (ages 6 months, 1, 2, 3, and 5 years). Youth underwent fNIRS while they performed executive function and semantic language tasks during their 18-year-old visit. We used covariate-adjusted regression models to estimate the associations of prenatal and childhood DAPs with functional connectivity between the frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, and a mediation model to examine the role of functional connectivity in the relationship between DAPs and task performance. RESULTS We observed null associations of prenatal and childhood DAP concentrations and functional connectivity for the entire sample. However, when we looked for sex differences, we observed an association between childhood DAPs and functional connectivity for the right interior frontal and premotor cortex after correcting for the false discovery rate, among males, but not females. In addition, functional connectivity appeared to mediate an inverse association between DAPs and working memory accuracy among males. CONCLUSION In CHAMACOS, a secondary analysis showed that adolescent males with elevated childhood OP pesticide exposure may have altered brain regional connectivity. This altered neurofunctional pattern in males may partially mediate working memory impairment associated with childhood DAP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gao
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Rihui Li
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Qianheng Ma
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Joseph M Baker
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Stephen Rauch
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Robert B Gunier
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Ana M Mora
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Allan L Reiss
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sharon K Sagiv
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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18
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Han B, Wang L, Wang X, Huang K, Shen Y, Wang Z, Jing T. Association between multipollutant exposure and thyroid hormones in elderly people: A cross-sectional study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118781. [PMID: 38552824 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Environmental chemicals have been indicated to cause disruption of thyroid homeostasis in human populations. However, previous studies mostly focused on single group of chemicals. Herein, we investigate the independent and combined effects of multiple pollutants on thyroid homeostasis, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total and free thyroxine (tT4 and fT4) and total and free triiodothyronine (tT3 and fT3) in elderly people. These environmental pollutants (n = 144) are from ten categories, including phenols, parabens, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PAEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), synthetic pyrethroids (SPs), herbicides, and metals. Few studies have evaluated the health risks of these 144 chemicals, especially their joint effects. In single-pollutant evaluations, multiple linear regression (MLR) models were used to estimate the independent associations between multiple exposures and thyroid biomarkers. In multi-pollutant evaluations, elastic net regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to estimate the combined associations. The MLR models showed that 41 chemicals were significantly related to THs levels. BKMR models revealed the most important chemical groups: metals for TSH, PAHs, SPs and PCBs for tT4, herbicides and SPs for tT3. This study will contribute to the understanding of multipollutant exposure and help prioritize specific chemical groups related to thyroid hormone disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Fandiño-Del-Rio M, Matsui EC, Calafat AM, Koehl R, Botelho JC, Woo H, Boyle M, Hansel NN, McCormack M, Quirós-Alcalá L. Recent use of consumer and personal care products and exposures to select endocrine disrupting chemicals among urban children with asthma. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:637-646. [PMID: 38890543 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging studies suggest that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in personal care and other consumer products are linked with various adverse health effects, including respiratory and reproductive effects. Despite Black persons using more personal care products than other demographic groups and having a high asthma burden, little is known regarding their consumer product use patterns and associated EDC exposures. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between recent exposure to select EDCs with specific consumer products and behaviors in a cohort of 110 predominantly Black children with asthma, ages 8-17 years, living in Baltimore City, Maryland. METHODS We quantified concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F, two dichlorophenols, four parabens, triclosan, benzophenone-3, and triclocarban in spot urine samples. Questionnaires were used to capture recent (last 24-h) consumer product use and behaviors. Associations between EDCs and consumer product uses/behaviors were assessed using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and caregiver income level. Effect estimates were expressed as geometric mean ratios of biomarker concentrations of product-users vs non-users. RESULTS Increased concentrations to select EDCs were associated with recent use of air freshener (ratios; BPA: 1.9, 95%CI 1.4-2; BPS 1.7, 95%CI 1-2.97; propyl paraben: 3.0, 95%CI 1.6-5.6), scented candles (methyl paraben: 2.6, 95%CI 1.1-6.1), and scented carpet powder (2,5-dichlorophenol: 2.8, 95%CI 1.2-6.3). Additionally, consuming canned food was associated with some increased biomarker concentrations (ratios: BPA: 1.7, 95%CI 1.2-2.4; BPS: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-3.6). SIGNIFICANCE These findings add to the body of evidence suggesting that recent use of select consumer products in Black children contributes to exposure of chemicals of concern and could potentially inform exposure mitigation interventions. Findings have broad potential health implications for pediatric populations and Black children who may face exposure and health disparities. IMPACT Little is known about how children's personal care product use and consumer behaviors affect their exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This is particularly true for Black children who often experience a disparate exposure burden to many EDCs. This is a significant knowledge gap among children that are uniquely vulnerable to EDCs as they undergo critical windows of growth and development. Our findings show associations between consumer products and EDC exposures in predominantly Black children in low-income settings. Identifying EDC exposure determinants has broad health implications as many of these chemicals have been associated with adverse health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Fandiño-Del-Rio
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Matsui
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Population Health, University of Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachelle Koehl
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Han Woo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meleah Boyle
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meredith McCormack
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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20
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Jedynak P, Siroux V, Broséus L, Tost J, Busato F, Gabet S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Lyon-Caen S, Bayat S, Slama R, Philippat C, Lepeule J. Epigenetic footprints: Investigating placental DNA methylation in the context of prenatal exposure to phenols and phthalates. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 189:108763. [PMID: 38824843 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as phthalates and phenols can affect placental functioning and fetal health, potentially via epigenetic modifications. We investigated the associations between pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols and phthalates estimated from repeated urine sampling and genome wide placental DNA methylation. METHODS The study is based on 387 women with placental DNA methylation assessed with Infinium MethylationEPIC arrays and with 7 phenols, 13 phthalates, and two non-phthalate plasticizer metabolites measured in pools of urine samples collected twice during pregnancy. We conducted an exploratory analysis on individual CpGs (EWAS) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) as well as a candidate analysis focusing on 20 previously identified CpGs. Sex-stratified analyses were also performed. RESULTS In the exploratory analysis, when both sexes were studied together no association was observed in the EWAS. In the sex-stratified analysis, 114 individual CpGs (68 in males, 46 in females) were differentially methylated, encompassing 74 genes (36 for males and 38 for females). We additionally identified 28 DMRs in the entire cohort, 40 for females and 42 for males. Associations were mostly positive (for DMRs: 93% positive associations in the entire cohort, 60% in the sex-stratified analysis), with the exception of several associations for bisphenols and DINCH metabolites that were negative. Biomarkers associated with most DMRs were parabens, DEHP, and DiNP metabolite concentrations. Some DMRs encompassed imprinted genes including APC (associated with parabens and DiNP metabolites), GNAS (bisphenols), ZIM2;PEG3;MIMT1 (parabens, monoethyl phthalate), and SGCE;PEG10 (parabens, DINCH metabolites). Terms related to adiposity, lipid and glucose metabolism, and cardiovascular function were among the enriched phenotypes associated with differentially methylated CpGs. The candidate analysis identified one CpG mapping to imprinted LGALS8 gene, negatively associated with ethylparaben. CONCLUSIONS By combining improved exposure assessment and extensive placental epigenome coverage, we identified several novel genes associated with the exposure, possibly in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jedynak
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucile Broséus
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Florence Busato
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, University Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Stephan Gabet
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France; Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), 59000 Lille, France
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institue of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amrit K Sakhi
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institue of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Wossnig L, Furtmann N, Buchanan A, Kumar S, Greiff V. Best practices for machine learning in antibody discovery and development. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104025. [PMID: 38762089 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
In the past 40 years, therapeutic antibody discovery and development have advanced considerably, with machine learning (ML) offering a promising way to speed up the process by reducing costs and the number of experiments required. Recent progress in ML-guided antibody design and development (D&D) has been hindered by the diversity of data sets and evaluation methods, which makes it difficult to conduct comparisons and assess utility. Establishing standards and guidelines will be crucial for the wider adoption of ML and the advancement of the field. This perspective critically reviews current practices, highlights common pitfalls and proposes method development and evaluation guidelines for various ML-based techniques in therapeutic antibody D&D. Addressing challenges across the ML process, best practices are recommended for each stage to enhance reproducibility and progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Wossnig
- LabGenius Ltd, The Biscuit Factory, 100 Drummond Road, London SE16 4DG, UK; Department of Computer Science, University College London, 66-72 Gower St, London WC1E 6EA, UK.
| | - Norbert Furtmann
- R&D Large Molecules Research Platform, Sanofi Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Andrew Buchanan
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Computational Protein Design and Modeling Group, Computational Science, Moderna Therapeutics, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Puvvula J, Braun JM, DeFranco EA, Ho SM, Leung YK, Huang S, Zhang X, Vuong AM, Kim SS, Percy Z, Calafat AM, Botelho JC, Chen A. Gestational exposure to environmental chemicals and epigenetic alterations in the placenta and cord blood mononuclear cells. EPIGENETICS COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:4. [PMID: 38962689 PMCID: PMC11217138 DOI: 10.1186/s43682-024-00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Exposure to environmental chemicals such as phthalates, phenols, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pregnancy can increase the risk of adverse newborn outcomes. We explored the associations between maternal exposure to select environmental chemicals and DNA methylation in cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) and placental tissue (maternal and fetal sides) to identify potential mechanisms underlying these associations. Method This study included 75 pregnant individuals who planned to give birth at the University of Cincinnati Hospital between 2014 and 2017. Maternal urine samples during the delivery visit were collected and analyzed for 37 biomarkers of phenols (12), phthalates (13), phthalate replacements (4), and PAHs (8). Cord blood and placenta tissue (maternal and fetal sides) were also collected to measure the DNA methylation intensities using the Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip. We used linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders, to assess CpG-specific methylation changes in CBMC (n = 54) and placenta [fetal (n = 67) and maternal (n = 68) sides] associated with gestational chemical exposures (29 of 37 biomarkers measured in this study). To account for multiple testing, we used a false discovery rate q-values < 0.05 and presented results by limiting results with a genomic inflation factor of 1±0.5. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis was conducted using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics pathways. Results Among the 29 chemical biomarkers assessed for differential methylation, maternal concentrations of PAH metabolites (1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene), monocarboxyisononyl phthalate, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, and bisphenol A were associated with altered methylation in placenta (maternal or fetal side). Among exposure biomarkers associated with epigenetic changes, 1-hydroxynaphthalene, and mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate were consistently associated with differential CpG methylation in the placenta. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that maternal 1-hydroxynaphthalene was associated with lipid metabolism and cellular processes of the placenta. Additionally, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate was associated with organismal systems and genetic information processing of the placenta. Conclusion Among the 29 chemical biomarkers assessed during delivery, 1-hydroxynaphthalene and mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate were associated with DNA methylation in the placenta. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43682-024-00027-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Puvvula
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Emily A. DeFranco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | - Shouxiong Huang
- Pathogen-Host Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental & Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Ann M. Vuong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV USA
| | - Stephani S. Kim
- Health Research, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Zana Percy
- Department of Environmental & Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Julianne C. Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Mayor P, Soliño L, Cartró-Sabaté M, Orta-Martínez M. Impact of hydrocarbon extraction on heavy metal concentrations in lowland paca (Cuniculus paca) from the Peruvian Amazon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172371. [PMID: 38631638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Oil has been extracted from the Western Amazon since the 1920s, leading to severe environmental contamination due to frequent occurrence oil spills and the dumping of produced water. Local inhabitants, along with environmental and human rights organizations, have reported the adverse effects of oil-related pollution on their livelihoods and the ecosystems they depend on. Here, we study accumulation of oil-related heavy metals in wildlife, and its subsequent incorporation into the trophic chain. We analysed the concentration of 14 heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, As, Ni, V, Ba, Se, Be, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Al) in liver samples from 78 lowland pacas (Cuniculus paca) hunted for subsistence in an oil-polluted area from the northern Peruvian Amazon where oil has been extracted since the 1970s (n = 38), and two control areas, the Yavari-Mirín River basin (n = 20), and the Pucacuro River basin (n = 20). Pacas in the oil-polluted area have significantly higher concentrations of Cd (P < 0.01) and Ba (P < 0.0001) compared to those in control areas, suggesting bioaccumulation of oil-related pollution. Conversely, Se levels were significantly lower in the oil-polluted area (P < 0.0001), likely due to the sequestration of Se by other heavy metals, particularly Cd. Additionally, minor variations in other heavy metals, e.g., Fe and Zn, were observed in pacas from the oil-polluted area, whereas control areas showed higher concentrations of Ni and Cu. Mn and Al levels did not significantly differ between the study areas. These results underscore the impact of oil extraction on the absorption and assimilation of heavy metals in wildlife, point at oil activities as the source of the high and unsafe blood Cd levels reported for the indigenous population of the studied oil extraction area and raise concerns about the long-term health risks from oil extraction posed to local Indigenous People who rely on subsistence hunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mayor
- Dept. Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Museo de Culturas Indígenas Amazónicas, Fundamazonia, Iquitos, Peru.
| | - Lucía Soliño
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mar Cartró-Sabaté
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Martí Orta-Martínez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Guo JY, Wang SN, Zhang ZL, Luan M. Associations between organophosphate esters and bone mineral density in adults in the United States: 2011-2018 NHANES. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116414. [PMID: 38714086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are used extensively as flame retardants and plasticizers. Laboratory studies have shown that OPEs exhibit osteotoxicity by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation; however, little is known about how OPEs exposure is associated with bone health in humans. OBJECTIVES We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between OPEs exposure and bone mineral density (BMD) in adults in the United States using data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the association between concentrations of individual OPE metabolites and BMDs. We also used the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) models to estimate joint associations between OPE mixture exposure and BMDs. All the analyses were stratified according to gender. RESULTS A total of 3546 participants (median age, 40 years [IQR, 30-50 years]; 50.11% male) were included in this study. Five urinary OPE metabolites with a detection rate of > 50% were analyzed. After adjusting for the potential confounders, OPE metabolite concentrations were associated with decreased total-body BMD and lumbar spine BMD in males, although some associations only reached significance for bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCPP), dibutyl phosphate (DBUP), and bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) (β = -0.013, 95% CI: -0.026, -0.001 for BCPP and total-body BMD; β = -0.022, 95% CI: -0.043, -0.0001 for DBUP and lumbar spine BMD; β=-0.018, 95% CI: -0.034, -0.002 for BCEP and lumbar spine BMD). OPE mixture exposure was also inversely associated with BMD in males, as demonstrated in the BMKR and qgcomp models. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary evidence that urinary OPE metabolite concentrations are inversely associated with BMD. The results also suggested that males were more vulnerable than females. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Guo
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Na Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Zhang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Luan
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Barandiaran LN, Taylor VF, Karagas MR. Exposure to iodine, essential and non-essential trace element through seaweed consumption in humans. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13698. [PMID: 38871780 PMCID: PMC11176391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Seaweed consumption has gained popularity due to its nutritional value and potential health benefits. However, concerns regarding the bioaccumulation of several trace elements highlight the need for comprehensive studies on exposure associated with seaweed consumption. To address this gap in knowledge, we carried out a feeding intervention study of three common edible seaweeds (Nori, Kombu, and Wakame) in 11 volunteers, aiming to elucidate the extent of both beneficial and harmful trace element exposure through seaweed consumption in humans. Concentrations of total arsenic, cobalt, copper, cadmium, iodine, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc were measured in urine samples before and following seaweed consumption. Elements concentrations were also measured in the seaweeds provided for the study. Descriptive analysis for each element were conducted and we used quantile g-computation approach to assess the association between the 8-element mixture and seaweed consumption. Differences in urine element concentrations and seaweed consumption were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Urinary concentrations of iodine and total arsenic increased after seaweed consumption. When we analyze the 8-element mixture, the largest weight was observed for iodine after Kombu consumption while for total arsenic was observed after Wakame consumption. Similar results were observed when we compared the mean differences between the elements before and after seaweed consumption through the GEE. Seaweed consumption relates with increased urinary iodine and total arsenic concentrations, particularly after Kombu and Wakame consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Notario Barandiaran
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, NH, 03755-1404, USA.
| | - Vivien F Taylor
- Department of Earth Science, Dartmouth College, 6105 Sherman Fairchild Hall, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Rope Ferry Road, Hanover, NH, 03755-1404, USA
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Wander K, Fujita M, Mattison S, Gauck M, Duris M, Kiwelu I, Mmbaga BT. Maternal and infant predictors of proinflammatory milk immune activity in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24061. [PMID: 38429916 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The immune system of milk (ISOM) creates a mother-infant immune axis that plays an important role in protecting infants against infectious disease (ID). Tradeoffs in the immune system suggest the potential for both protection and harm, so we conceive of two dimensions via which the ISOM impacts infants: promotion of protective activity and control of activity directed at benign targets. High variability in ISOM activity across mother-infant dyads suggests investment the ISOM may have evolved to be sensitive to maternal and/or infant characteristics. We assessed predictors of appropriate and misdirected proinflammatory ISOM activity in an environment of high ID risk, testing predictions drawn from life history theory and other evolutionary perspectives. METHODS We characterized milk in vitro interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses to Salmonella enterica (a target of protective immune activity; N = 96) and Escherichia coli (a benign target; N = 85) among mother-infant dyads in rural Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. We used ordered logistic regression and mixture models to evaluate maternal and infant characteristics as predictors of IL-6 responses. RESULTS In all models, IL-6 responses to S. enterica increased with maternal age and decreased with gravidity. In mixture models, IL-6 responses to E. coli declined with maternal age and increased with gravidity. No other considered variables were consistently associated with IL-6 responses. CONCLUSIONS The ISOM's capacities for appropriate proinflammatory activity and control of misdirected proinflammatory activity increases with maternal age and decreases with gravidity. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the mother-infant immune axis has evolved to respond to maternal life history characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wander
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Masako Fujita
- Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Siobhán Mattison
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- National Science Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
| | - Megan Gauck
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Margaret Duris
- Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Ireen Kiwelu
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
| | - Blandina T Mmbaga
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
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Liu Z, Zhao C, Yu H, Zhang R, Xue X, Jiang Z, Ge Z, Xu Y, Zhang W, Lin L, Chen Z. MCP-3 as a prognostic biomarker for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a longitudinal cytokine profile study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379114. [PMID: 38812521 PMCID: PMC11134196 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is characterized by a high mortality rate and is associated with immune dysregulation. Cytokine storms may play an important role in adverse disease regression, this study aimed to assess the validity of MCP-3 in predicting adverse outcomes in SFTS patients and to investigate the longitudinal cytokine profile in SFTS patients. Methods The prospective study was conducted at Yantai Qishan Hospital from May to November 2022. We collected clinical data and serial blood samples during hospitalization, patients with SFTS were divided into survival and non-survival groups based on the clinical prognosis. Results The levels of serum 48 cytokines were measured using Luminex assays. Compared to healthy controls, SFTS patients exhibited higher levels of most cytokines. The non-survival group had significantly higher levels of 32 cytokines compared to the survival group. Among these cytokines, MCP-3 was ranked as the most significant variable by the random forest (RF) model in predicting the poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Additionally, we validated the predictive effects of MCP-3 through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with an AUC of 0.882 (95% CI, 0.787-0.978, P <0.001), and the clinical applicability of MCP-3 was assessed favorably based on decision curve analysis (DCA). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the level of MCP-3 was positively correlated with ALT, AST, LDH, α-HBDH, APTT, D-dimer, and viral load (P<0.01). Discussion For the first time, our study identified and validated that MCP-3 could serve as a meaningful biomarker for predicting the fatal outcome of SFTS patients. The longitudinal cytokine profile analyzed that abnormally increased cytokines were associated with the poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Our study provides new insights into exploring the pathogenesis of cytokines with organ damage and leading to adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuai Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Rongling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouling Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziruo Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihai Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jones RR, Madrigal JM, Troisi R, Surcel HM, Öhman H, Kivelä J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Koponen J, Medgyesi DN, McGlynn KA, Sampson J, Albert PS, Ward MH. Maternal serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:728-736. [PMID: 38092046 PMCID: PMC11077307 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and environmentally persistent chemicals with immunotoxic properties. Children are prenatally exposed through maternal transfer of PFAS to cord blood, but no studies have investigated the relationship with childhood leukemia. METHODS We measured maternal serum levels of 19 PFAS in first-trimester samples collected in 1986-2010 and evaluated associations with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in full-term offspring (aged younger than 15 years) for 400 cases and 400 controls in the Finnish Maternity Cohort, matched on sample year, mother's age, gestational age, birth order, and child's sex. We analyzed continuous and categorical exposures, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) via conditional logistic regression adjusted for maternal smoking and correlated PFAS (ρ ≥ ±0.3). We also stratified by calendar period, mean diagnosis age, and the child's sex. RESULTS N-methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid was associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in continuous models (per each doubling in levels: ORperlog2 = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.39), with a positive exposure-response across categories (OR>90th percentile = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.33 to 4.78; Ptrend = .01). Although we found no relationship with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid overall, an association was observed in samples collected in 1986-1995, when levels were highest (median = 17.9 µg/L; ORperlog2 = 4.01, 95% CI = 1.62 to 9.93). A positive association with perfluorononanoic acid was suggested among first births (Pinteraction = .06). The N-methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid association was mainly limited to children diagnosed before age 5 years (Pinteraction = .02). We found no consistent patterns of association with other PFAS or differences by sex. CONCLUSIONS These novel data offer evidence of a relationship between some PFAS and risk of the most common childhood cancer worldwide, including associations with the highest levels of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and with a precursor, N-methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena R Jones
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jessica M Madrigal
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Troisi
- Trans-Divisional Research Program, DCEG, NCI, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Heljä-Marja Surcel
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland/Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland/Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Kivelä
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland/Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Koponen
- Environmental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Danielle N Medgyesi
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, MD, USA
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29
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Goin DE, Padula AM, Woodruff TJ, Sherris A, Charbonneau K, Morello-Frosch R. Water Fluoridation and Birth Outcomes in California. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:57004. [PMID: 38752991 PMCID: PMC11098007 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of research on the relationship between water fluoridation and pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVES We assessed whether hypothetical interventions to reduce fluoride levels would improve birth outcomes in California. METHODS We linked California birth records from 2000 to 2018 to annual average fluoride levels by community water system. Fluoride levels were collected from consumer confidence reports using publicly available data and public record requests. We estimated the effects of a hypothetical intervention reducing water fluoride levels to 0.7 ppm (the current level recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services) and 0.5 ppm (below the current recommendation) on birth weight, birth-weight-for-gestational age z-scores, gestational age, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, large-for-gestational age, and macrosomia using linear regression with natural cubic splines and G-computation. Inference was calculated using a clustered bootstrap with Wald-type confidence intervals. We evaluated race/ethnicity, health insurance type, fetal sex, and arsenic levels as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS Fluoride levels ranged from 0 to 2.5 ppm , with a median of 0.51 ppm . There was a small negative association on birth weight with the hypothetical intervention to reduce fluoride levels to 0.7 ppm [- 2.2 g ; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 4.4 , 0.0] and to 0.5 ppm (- 5.8 g ; 95% CI: - 10.0 , - 1.6 ). There were small negative associations with birth-weight-for-gestational-age z-scores for both hypothetical interventions (0.7 ppm : - 0.004 ; 95% CI: - 0.007 , 0.000 and 0.5 ppm : - 0.006 ; 95% CI: - 0.013 , 0.000). We also observed small negative associations for risk of large-for-gestational age for both the hypothetical interventions to 0.7 ppm [risk difference ( RD ) = - 0.001 ; 95% CI: - 0.002 , 0.000 and 0.5 ppm (- 0.001 ; 95% CI: - 0.003 , 0.000)]. We did not observe any associations with preterm birth or with being small for gestational age for either hypothetical intervention. We did not observe any associations with risk of preterm birth or small-for-gestational age for either hypothetical intervention. CONCLUSION We estimated that a reduction in water fluoride levels would modestly decrease birth weight and birth-weight-for-gestational-age z-scores in California. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E. Goin
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy M. Padula
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Allison Sherris
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kiley Charbonneau
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Peng FJ, Palazzi P, Mezzache S, Adelin E, Bourokba N, Bastien P, Appenzeller BMR. Glucocorticoid hormones in relation to environmental exposure to bisphenols and multiclass pesticides among middle aged-women: Results from hair analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123839. [PMID: 38522601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenols and pesticides have been shown to alter circulating glucocorticoids levels in animals, but there is limited human data. Moreover, measurements from biological fluids may not be able to reflect long-term status of non-persistent pollutants and glucocorticoids due to the high variability in their levels. Using hair analysis, we examined the associations between glucocorticoid hormones and environmental exposure to multi-class organic pollutants among a healthy female population aged 25-45 years old. Concentrations of four glucocorticoids, four polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs), seven polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners (PBDEs), two bisphenols and 140 pesticides and their metabolites were measured in hair samples collected from 196 Chinese women living in urban areas. Due to the low detection frequency of some pollutants, associations were explored only on 54 pollutants, i.e. PCB 180, bisphenol A, bisphenol S and 51 pesticides and their metabolites. Using stability-based Lasso regression, there were associations of cortisol, tetrahydrocortisol, cortisone, and tetrahydrocortisone with 14, 10, 13 and 17 biomarkers of exposure to pollutants, respectively, with bisphenol S, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, diethyl phosphate, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, fipronil, tebuconazole, trifluralin, pyraclostrobin and 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea being associated with at least three of the four hormones. There were also associations between cortisone/cortisol molar ratio and pollutants, namely dimethyl phosphate, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, carbofuran, λ-cyhalothrin, permethrin, fipronil, flusilazole, prometryn and fenuron. Some of these relationships were confirmed by single-pollutant linear regression analyses. Overall, our results suggest that background level of exposure to bisphenols and currently used pesticides may interfere with the glucocorticoid homeostasis in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Peng
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Palazzi
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sakina Mezzache
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | - Emilie Adelin
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | - Nasrine Bourokba
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Biopolis Drive, Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Philippe Bastien
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Ouidir M, Cissé AH, Botton J, Lyon-Caen S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Bayat S, Slama R, Heude B, Philippat C. Fetal and Infancy Exposure to Phenols, Parabens, and Phthalates and Anthropometric Measurements up to 36 Months, in the Longitudinal SEPAGES Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:57002. [PMID: 38728218 PMCID: PMC11086749 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals may play a role in adiposity development during childhood. Until now literature in this scope suffers from methodologic limitations in exposure assessment using one or few urine samples and missing assessment during the infancy period. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations between early-life exposure to quickly metabolized chemicals and post-natal growth, relying on repeated within-subject urine collections over pregnancy and infancy. METHODS We studied the associations of four phenols, four parabens, seven phthalates, and one nonphthalate plasticizer from weekly pooled urine samples collected from the mother during second and third trimesters (median 18 and 34 gestational weeks, respectively) and infant at 2 and 12 months of age, and child growth until 36 months. We relied on repeated measures of height, weight and head circumference from study visits and the child health booklet to predict growth outcomes at 3 and 36 months using the Jenss-Bayley nonlinear mixed model. We assessed associations with individual chemicals using adjusted linear regression and mixtures of chemicals using a Bayesian kernel machine regression model. RESULTS The unipollutant analysis revealed few associations. Bisphenol S (BPS) at second trimester was positively associated with all infant growth parameters at 3 and 36 months, with similar patterns between exposure at third trimester and all infant growth parameters at 3 months. Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) at 12 months was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), weight, and head circumference at 36 months. Mixture analysis revealed positive associations between exposure at 12 months and BMI and weight at 36 months, with MnBP showing the highest effect size within the mixture. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that exposure in early infancy may be associated with increased weight and BMI in early childhood, which are risk factors of obesity in later life. Furthermore, this study highlighted the impact of BPS, a compound replacing bisphenol A, which has never been studied in this context. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ouidir
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U-1209, CNRS-UMR-5309, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Aminata H. Cissé
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Botton
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U-1209, CNRS-UMR-5309, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France
- Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine Laboratory (STROBE), Inserm UA07, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U-1209, CNRS-UMR-5309, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U-1209, CNRS-UMR-5309, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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32
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McBride DE, Bhattacharya A, Sucharew H, Brunst KJ, Barnas M, Cox C, Altman L, Hilbert TJ, Burkle J, Westneat S, Martin KV, Parsons PJ, Praamsma ML, Palmer CD, Kannan K, Smith DR, Wright R, Amarasiriwardena C, Dietrich KN, Cecil KM, Haynes EN. Child and Adolescent Manganese Biomarkers and Adolescent Postural Balance in Marietta CARES Cohort Participants. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:57010. [PMID: 38780454 PMCID: PMC11114102 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese (Mn) plays a significant role in both human health and global industries. Epidemiological studies of exposed populations demonstrate a dose-dependent association between Mn and neuromotor effects ranging from subclinical effects to a clinically defined syndrome. However, little is known about the relationship between early life Mn biomarkers and adolescent postural balance. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the associations between childhood and adolescent Mn biomarkers and adolescent postural balance in participants from the longitudinal Marietta Communities Actively Researching Exposures Study (CARES) cohort. METHODS Participants were recruited into CARES when they were 7-9 y old, and reenrolled at 13-18 years of age. At both time points, participants provided samples of blood, hair, and toenails that were analyzed for blood Mn and lead (Pb), serum cotinine, hair Mn, and toenail Mn. In adolescence, participants completed a postural balance assessment. Greater sway indicates postural instability (harmful effect), whereas lesser sway indicates postural stability (beneficial effect). Multivariable linear regression models were conducted to investigate the associations between childhood and adolescent Mn biomarkers and adolescent postural balance adjusted for age, sex, height-weight ratio, parent/caregiver intelligence quotient, socioeconomic status, blood Pb, and serum cotinine. RESULTS CARES participants who completed the adolescent postural balance assessment (n = 123 ) were 98% White and 54% female and had a mean age of 16 y (range: 13-18 y). In both childhood and adolescence, higher Mn biomarker concentrations were significantly associated with greater adolescent sway measures. Supplemental analyses revealed sex-specific associations; higher childhood Mn biomarker concentrations were significantly associated with greater sway in females compared with males. DISCUSSION This study found childhood and adolescent Mn biomarkers were associated with subclinical neuromotor effects in adolescence. This study demonstrates postural balance as a sensitive measure to assess the association between Mn biomarkers and neuromotor function. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E. McBride
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Amit Bhattacharya
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Heidi Sucharew
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kelly J. Brunst
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Barnas
- Department of Psychology, Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio, USA
| | - Cyndy Cox
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lorenna Altman
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy J. Hilbert
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeff Burkle
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan Westneat
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kaitlin Vollet Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Patrick J. Parsons
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Meredith L. Praamsma
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Christopher D. Palmer
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Donald R. Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Robert Wright
- Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kim N. Dietrich
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin N. Haynes
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Denic-Roberts H, McAdam J, Sjodin A, Davis M, Jones R, Ward MH, Hoang TD, Ma S, Zhang Y, Rusiecki JA. Endocrine disrupting chemical mixture exposure and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in U.S. military personnel: A nested case-control study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171342. [PMID: 38428594 PMCID: PMC11034764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Single-pollutant methods to evaluate associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and thyroid cancer risk may not reflect realistic human exposures. Therefore, we evaluated associations between exposure to a mixture of 18 EDCs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants, and organochlorine pesticides, and risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common thyroid cancer histological subtype. We conducted a nested case-control study among U.S. military servicemembers of 652 histologically-confirmed PTC cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2013 and 652 controls, matched on birth year, sex, race/ethnicity, military component (active duty/reserve), and serum sample timing. We estimated mixture odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and standard errors (SE) for associations between pre-diagnostic serum EDC mixture concentrations, overall PTC risk, and risk of histological subtypes of PTC (classical, follicular), adjusted for body mass index and military branch, using quantile g-computation. Additionally, we identified relative contributions of individual mixture components to PTC risk, represented by positive and negative weights (w). A one-quartile increase in the serum mixture concentration was associated with a non-statistically significant increase in overall PTC risk (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 0.91, 1.56; SE = 0.14). Stratified by histological subtype and race (White, Black), a one-quartile increase in the mixture was associated with increased classical PTC risk among those of White race (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.06, 2.40; SE = 0.21), but not of Black race (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.34, 2.68; SE = 0.53). PCBs 180, 199, and 118 had the greatest positive weights driving this association among those of White race (w = 0.312, 0.255, and 0.119, respectively). Findings suggest that exposure to an EDC mixture may be associated with increased classical PTC risk. These findings warrant further investigation in other study populations to better understand PTC risk by histological subtype and race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristina Denic-Roberts
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), MD, USA
| | - Jordan McAdam
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, 4494 North Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Mark Davis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Richard Jones
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Thanh D Hoang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jennifer A Rusiecki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Oskar S, Balalian AA, Stingone JA. Identifying critical windows of prenatal phenol, paraben, and pesticide exposure and child neurodevelopment: Findings from a prospective cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170754. [PMID: 38369152 PMCID: PMC10960968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate how exposure to a mixture of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during two points in pregnancy affects early childhood neurodevelopment. METHODS We analyzed publicly-available data from a high-risk cohort of mothers and their children (2007-2014) that measured six EDCs including methyl-, ethyl- and propyl parabens (MEPB, ETPB, PRPB), Bisphenol-A (BPA), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) in prenatal urine samples during the second and third trimesters. Neurodevelopmental scores were assessed using Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) at age 3. We used mean field variational Bayes for lagged kernel machine regression (MFVB-LKMR) to investigate the association between trimester-specific co-exposure to the six EDCs and MSEL scores at age 3, stratified by sex. RESULTS The analysis included 130 children. For females, the relationship between BPA and 3PBA with MSEL score varied between the two trimesters. In the second trimester, effect estimates for BPA were null but inversely correlated with MSEL score in the third trimester. 3PBA had a negative relationship with MSEL in the second trimester and positive correlation in the third trimester. For males, effect estimates for all EDCs were in opposing directions across trimesters. MFVB-LKMR analysis identified significant two-way interaction between EDCs for MSEL scores in both trimesters. For example, in females, the MSEL scores associated with increased exposure to TCPy were 1.75 units (95%credible interval -0.04, -3.47) lower in the 2nd trimester and 4.61 (95%CI -3.39, -5.84) lower in the third trimester when PRPB was fixed at the 75th percentile compared to when PRPB was fixed at the 25th percentile. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that timing of EDC exposure within the prenatal period may impact neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. More of these varying effects were identified among females. Future research is needed to explore EDC mixtures and the timing of exposure during pregnancy to enhance our understanding of how these chemicals impact child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Oskar
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Arin A Balalian
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeanette A Stingone
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Jovanovic N, Mustieles V, Althuser M, Lyon-Caen S, Alfaidy N, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Bayat S, Couturier-Tarrade A, Slama R, Philippat C. Associations between synthetic phenols, phthalates, and placental growth/function: a longitudinal cohort with exposure assessment in early pregnancy. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae018. [PMID: 38689737 PMCID: PMC11057944 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is exposure to environmental chemicals associated with modifications of placental morphology and function? SUMMARY ANSWER Phthalates, a class of ubiquitous chemicals, showed an association with altered placental weight, placental vascular resistance (PVR), and placental efficiency. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Only a few epidemiological studies have assessed the effects of phenols and phthalates on placental health. Their results were affected by exposure measurement errors linked to the rapid excretion of these compounds and the reliance on a limited number of spot urine samples to assess exposure. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION A prospective mother-child cohort, with improved exposure assessment for non-persistent chemicals, recruited participants between 2014 and 2017. Sample size ranged between 355 (placental parameters measured at birth: placental weight and placental-to-fetal weight ratio (PFR): a proxy for placental efficiency) and 426 (placental parameters measured during pregnancy: placental thickness and vascular resistance). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS Phenols (four parabens, two bisphenols, triclosan, and benzophenone-3), 13 phthalate metabolites, and two non-phthalate plasticizer metabolites were measured in within-subject pools of repeated urine samples collected during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (median = 21 samples/trimester/woman). Placental thickness and PVR were measured during pregnancy. The placenta was weighed at birth and the PFR was computed. Both adjusted linear regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression were used to evaluate associations between phenols and phthalates (alone or as a mixture) and placental parameters. Effect modification by child sex was also investigated. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Several phthalate metabolites were negatively associated with placental outcomes. Monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations, during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, were associated with a decrease in both placental weight at birth (β = -20.1 g [95% CI: -37.8; -2.5] and β = -17.4 g [95% CI: -33.2; -1.6], for second and third trimester, respectively) and PFR (β = -0.5 [95% CI: -1, -0.1] and β = -0.5 [95% CI: -0.9, -0.1], for the second and third trimester, respectively). Additionally, MBzP was negatively associated with PVR during the third trimester (β= -0.9 [95% CI: -1.8; 0.1]). Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), was negatively associated with PVR in both trimesters (β = -1.3, 95% CI: [-2.3, -0.2], and β = -1.2, 95% CI: [-2.4, -0.03], for the second and third trimester, respectively). After stratification for child sex, Σ diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) (either second or third-trimester exposures, depending on the outcomes considered) was associated with decreased PVR in the third trimester, as well as decreased placental weight and PFR in males. No associations were observed for phenol biomarkers. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION False positives cannot be ruled out. Therefore, chemicals that were associated with multiple outcomes (MnBP and DiNP) or reported in existing literature as associated with placental outcomes (MBzP) should be considered as the main results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results are consistent with in vitro studies showing that phthalates target peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, in the family of nuclear receptors involved in key placental development processes such as trophoblast proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition to placental weight at birth, we studied placental parameters during pregnancy, which could provide a broader view of how environmental chemicals affect maternal-fetal exchanges over the course of pregnancy. Our findings contribute to the increasing evidence indicating adverse impacts of phthalate exposure on placental health. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by the French Research Agency-ANR (MEMORI project ANR-21-CE34-0022). The SEPAGES cohort was supported by the European Research Council (N°311765-E-DOHaD), the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-206-N°308333-892 HELIX), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (N° 874583 ATHLETE Project, N°825712 OBERON Project), the French Research Agency-ANR (PAPER project ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01, SHALCOH project ANR-14-CE21-0007, ANR-15-IDEX-02 and ANR-15-IDEX5, GUMME project ANR-18-CE36-005, ETAPE project ANR-18-CE36-0005-EDeN project ANR-19-CE36-0003-01), the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety-ANSES (CNAP project EST-2016-121, PENDORE project EST-2016-121, HyPAxE project EST-2019/1/039, PENDALIRE project EST-2022-169), the Plan Cancer (Canc'Air project), the French Cancer Research Foundation Association de Recherche sur le Cancer-ARC, the French Endowment Fund AGIR for chronic diseases-APMC (projects PRENAPAR, LCI-FOT, DysCard), the French Endowment Fund for Respiratory Health, the French Fund-Fondation de France (CLIMATHES-00081169, SEPAGES 5-00099903, ELEMENTUM-00124527). N.J. was supported by a doctoral fellowship from the University Grenoble Alpes. V.M. was supported by a Sara Borrell postdoctoral research contract (CD22/00176), granted by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain) and NextGenerationEU funds. The authors declare no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02852499.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Jovanovic
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), Granada, Spain
| | - Marc Althuser
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Fetal Medicine, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Nadia Alfaidy
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), IRIG department, INSERM U1292, and Grenoble Alpes University (UGA), Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Fetal Medicine, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Skalaban TG, Thompson DA, Madrigal JM, Blount BC, Espinosa MM, Kolpin DW, Deziel NC, Jones RR, Beane Freeman L, Hofmann JN, Ward MH. Nitrate exposure from drinking water and dietary sources among Iowa farmers using private wells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170922. [PMID: 38350573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate levels are increasing in water resources across the United States and nitrate ingestion from drinking water has been associated with adverse health risks in epidemiologic studies at levels below the maximum contaminant level (MCL). In contrast, dietary nitrate ingestion has generally been associated with beneficial health effects. Few studies have characterized the contribution of both drinking water and dietary sources to nitrate exposure. The Agricultural Health Study is a prospective cohort of farmers and their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina. In 2018-2019, we assessed nitrate exposure for 47 farmers who used private wells for their drinking water and lived in 8 eastern Iowa counties where groundwater is vulnerable to nitrate contamination. Drinking water and dietary intakes were estimated using the National Cancer Institute Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment tool. We measured nitrate in tap water and estimated dietary nitrate from a database of food concentrations. Urinary nitrate was measured in first morning void samples in 2018-19 and in archived samples from 2010 to 2017 (minimum time between samples: 2 years; median: 7 years). We used linear regression to evaluate urinary nitrate concentrations in relation to total nitrate, and drinking water and dietary intakes separately. Overall, dietary nitrate contributed the most to total intake (median: 97 %; interquartile range [IQR]: 57-99 %). Among 15 participants (32 %) whose drinking water nitrate concentrations were at/above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency MCL (10 mg/L NO3-N), median intake from water was 44 % (IQR: 26-72 %). Total nitrate intake was the strongest predictor of urinary nitrate concentrations (R2 = 0.53). Drinking water explained a similar proportion of the variation in nitrate excretion (R2 = 0.52) as diet (R2 = 0.47). Our findings demonstrate the importance of both dietary and drinking water intakes as determinants of nitrate excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Skalaban
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Darrin A Thompson
- Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Jessica M Madrigal
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Benjamin C Blount
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Maria Morel Espinosa
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Nicole C Deziel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Laura Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America.
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van Wendel de Joode B, Peñaloza-Castañeda J, Mora AM, Corrales-Vargas A, Eskenazi B, Hoppin JA, Lindh CH. Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e290. [PMID: 38617432 PMCID: PMC11008631 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine associations of prenatal biomarkers of pesticide exposure with birth size measures and length of gestation among newborns from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica. Methods We included 386 singleton liveborn newborns with data on birth size measures, length of gestation, and maternal urinary biomarkers of chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, mancozeb, pyrimethanil, and 2, 4-D during pregnancy. We associated biomarkers of exposure with birth outcomes using multivariate linear regression and generalized additive models. Results Concentrations were highest for ethylene thiourea (ETU, metabolite of mancozeb), median = 3.40; p10-90 = 1.90-6.79 µg/L, followed by 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP, metabolite of chlorpyrifos) p50 = 1.76 p10-90 = 0.97-4.36 µg/L, and lowest for 2,4-D (p50 = 0.33 p10-90 = 0.18-1.07 µg/L). Among term newborns (≥37 weeks), higher prenatal TCP was associated with lower birth weight and smaller head circumference (e.g., β per 10-fold-increase) during the second half of pregnancy = -129.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -255.8, -3.5) grams, and -0.61 (95% CI = -1.05, -0.17) centimeters, respectively. Also, among term newborns, prenatal 2,4-D was associated with lower birth weight (β per 10-fold-increase = -125.1; 95% CI = -228.8, -21.5), smaller head circumference (β = -0.41; 95% CI = -0.78, -0.03), and, during the second half of pregnancy, with shorter body length (β = -0.58; 95% CI = -1.09, -0.07). Furthermore, ETU was nonlinearly associated with head circumference during the second half of pregnancy. Biomarkers of pyrethroids and pyrimethanil were not associated with birth size, and none of the biomarkers explained the length of gestation. Conclusions Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and 2,4-D, and, possibly, mancozeb/ETU, may impair fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna van Wendel de Joode
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Jorge Peñaloza-Castañeda
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Ana M. Mora
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), University of California at Berkeley
| | - Andrea Corrales-Vargas
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), University of California at Berkeley
| | - Jane A. Hoppin
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, North Carolina
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina
| | - Christian H. Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
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Ouidir M, Jedynak P, Rolland M, Lyon-Caen S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Bayat S, Slama R, Philippat C. Analyzing the impact of phthalate and DINCH exposure on fetal growth in a cohort with repeated urine collection. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108584. [PMID: 38513557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most previous studies investigating the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and fetal growth relied on measurements of phthalate metabolites at a single time point. They also focused on weight at birth without assessing growth over pregnancy, preventing the identification of potential periods of fetal vulnerability. We examined the associations between pregnancy urinary phthalate metabolites and fetal growth outcomes measured twice during pregnancy and at birth. METHODS For 484 pregnant women, we assessed 13 phthalate and two 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester (DINCH) metabolite concentrations from two within-subject weekly pools of up to 21 urine samples (median of 18 and 34 gestational weeks, respectively). Fetal biparietal diameter, femur length, head and abdominal circumferences were measured during two routine pregnancy follow-up ultrasonographies (median 22 and 32 gestational weeks, respectively) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated. Newborn weight, length, and head circumference were measured at birth. Associations between phthalate/DINCH metabolite and growth parameters were investigated using adjusted linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression models. RESULTS Detection rates were above 99 % for all phthalate/DINCH metabolites. While no association was observed with birth measurements, mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were positively associated with most fetal growth parameters measured at the second trimester. Specifically, MiBP was positively associated with biparietal diameter, head and abdominal circumferences, while MnBP was positively associated with EFW, head and abdominal circumferences, with stronger associations among males. Pregnancy MnBP was positively associated with biparietal diameter and femur length at third trimester. Mixture of phthalate/DINCH metabolites was positively associated with EFW at second trimester. CONCLUSIONS In this pregnancy cohort using repeated urine samples to assess exposure, MiBP and MnBP were associated with increased fetal growth parameters. Further investigation on the effects of phthalates on child health would be relevant for expanding current knowledge on their long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ouidir
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Paulina Jedynak
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Rolland
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France; Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine Laboratory (STROBE), Inserm UA07, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Davis B, Eskenazi B, Bornman R, Obida M, Chevrier J. Association between prenatal exposure to indoor residual spraying insecticides and infection rates among South African children participating in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170483. [PMID: 38301784 PMCID: PMC11112551 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, 53 countries conducted indoor residual spraying (IRS), the application of insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) or pyrethroids to the walls of homes to control malaria. Animal studies show that these insecticides can increase susceptibility to infections but only one human study was conducted in a population from an area where IRS is applied. The aim of the present study was thus to investigate whether maternal exposure to DDT, its breakdown product dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) or pyrethroid insecticides is associated with symptoms of infection among children living in a region of South Africa were IRS is conducted annually. As part of the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and their Environment (VHEMBE) we measured maternal serum concentrations of DDT and DDE, and urinary concentrations of four pyrethroid metabolites in peripartum samples. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimates were used to investigate associations with the rates of infection symptoms between ages 3.5-5 years among 629 children as assessed based on caregiver interviews. Multiple pyrethroid metabolites were associated with infection symptoms. For instance, cis-DBCA was associated with increased rates of ear infection (Incidence Rate Ratio for a 10-fold increase (IRR10) = 1.4; 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.0, 2.1) and persistent diarrhea (IRR10 = 2.1; 95 % CI = 1.2, 3.9), trans-DCCA was associated with increased rates of colds in children (IRR10 = 1.3; 95 % CI = 1.0, 1.6) and persistent fever (IRS10 = 1.4; 95 % CI = 1.0, 2.0), and 3-PBA was associated with increased rates of persistent fever (IRR10 = 1.8; 95 % CI = 1.0, 3.0). We found limited evidence of association between maternal DDE and DDT serum concentrations and infection symptoms. Results suggest that prenatal exposure to pyrethroid insecticides may be associated with infections among children from an area where IRS is conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooklyn Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Riana Bornman
- University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Muvhulawa Obida
- University of Pretoria Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Madrigal JM, Troisi R, Surcel HM, Öhman H, Kivelä J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Koponen J, Medgyesi DN, Kitahara CM, McGlynn KA, Sampson J, Albert PS, Ward MH, Jones RR. Prediagnostic serum concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in the Finnish Maternity Cohort. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:979-991. [PMID: 37902275 PMCID: PMC11286200 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) occurs globally through contaminated food, dust, and drinking water. Studies of PFAS and thyroid cancer have been limited. We conducted a nested case-control study of prediagnostic serum levels of 19 PFAS and papillary thyroid cancer (400 cases, 400 controls) in the Finnish Maternity Cohort (pregnancies 1986-2010; follow-up through 2016), individually matched on sample year and age. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for log2 transformed and categorical exposures, overall and stratified by calendar period, birth cohort, and median age at diagnosis. We adjusted for other PFAS with Spearman correlation rho = 0.3-0.6. Seven PFAS, including perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were detected in >50% of women. These PFAS were not associated with risk of thyroid cancer, except for PFHxS, which was inversely associated (OR log2 = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.97). We observed suggestive but imprecise increased risks associated with PFOA, PFOS, and EtFOSAA for those diagnosed at ages <40 years, whereas associations were null or inverse among those diagnosed at 40+ years (P-interaction: .02, .08, .13, respectively). There was little evidence of other interactions. These results show no clear association between PFAS and papillary thyroid cancer risk. Future work would benefit from evaluation of these relationships among those with higher exposure levels and during periods of early development when the thyroid gland may be more susceptible to environmental harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Madrigal
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Heljä-Marja Surcel
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Kivelä
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare /Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare /Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jani Koponen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare /Environmental Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Danielle N. Medgyesi
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Mary H. Ward
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics (DCEG), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Liang LX, Lin LZ, Zeeshan M, Zhou Y, Tang YX, Chu C, Zhang YT, Liu RQ, Feng W, Dong GH. Relationship of single and co-exposure of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their alternatives with uric acid: A community-based study in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133500. [PMID: 38266584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are related to uric acid levels, but evidence related to PFAS alternatives is limited. Moreover, the effect of the combined exposure to PFASs and their alternatives on uric acid has not been reported. Hence, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 1312 adults in Guangzhou, China. Generalized linear regression model was adopted to explore the effect of single PFAS exposure on serum uric acid levels. Further, multi-pollutant models such as Bayesian kernel machine regression, weighted quantile sum, and quantile G-computation were employed to investigate the combined association of PFASs and alternatives with serum uric acid levels. We performed molecular docking to understand the potential interaction of PFAS with Organic Anion Transporters (OATs), involved in the secretion of uric acid. Per log serum 6:2 Cl-PFESA and PFOA increases were accompanied with an increase of serum uric acid with statistical significance (for 6:2 Cl-PFESA: beta: 0.19 ng/mL, 95% CI 0.11-0.26 and for PFOA: beta: 0.43 ng/mL, 95% CI 0.34-0.52). The associations were strongest among overweight and elderly. Multi-pollutant models also revealed a positive association. These positive associations may be PFASs can competitively combine with OAT1 and OAT3, leading to the increase of serum uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Tang
- Occupational Health Surveillance Center, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yun-Ting Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenru Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Rosa MJ, Armendáriz-Arnez C, Gudayol-Ferré E, Prehn M, Fuhrimann S, Eskenazi B, Lindh CH, Mora AM. Association of pesticide exposure with neurobehavioral outcomes among avocado farmworkers in Mexico. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114322. [PMID: 38219443 PMCID: PMC10956701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM To date, few studies have focused on the health effects of pesticide exposure among avocado farmworkers. We examined the association of exposure to insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides with cognitive and mental health outcomes among these avocado workers from Michoacan, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 105 avocado farmworkers between May and August 2021. We collected data on self-reported pesticide use during the 12 months prior to the baseline survey and estimated annual exposure-intensity scores (EIS) using a semi-quantitative exposure algorithm. We calculated specific gravity adjusted average concentrations of 12 insecticide, fungicide, or herbicide metabolites measured in urine samples collected during two study visits (8-10 weeks apart). We assessed participants' cognitive function and psychological distress using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), respectively. We examined individual associations of EIS and urinary pesticide metabolites with neurobehavioral outcomes using generalized linear regression models. We also implemented Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sum (BWQS) regression to evaluate the association between a pesticide metabolite mixture and neurobehavioral outcomes. RESULTS In individual models, after adjusting for multiple comparisons, higher concentrations of hydroxy-tebuconazole (OH-TEB, metabolite of fungicide tebuconazole) were associated with higher anxiety (IRR per two-fold increase in concentrations = 1.26, 95% CI:1.08, 1.48) and Global Severity Index (GSI) (IRR = 1.89, 95% CI:1.36, 2.75) scores, whereas higher concentrations of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy, metabolite of chlorpyrifos) were associated with lower GSI scores (IRR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.85). In BWQS analyses, we found evidence of a mixture association of urinary pesticide metabolites with higher anxiety (IRR = 1.72, 95% CrI: 1.12, 2.55), depression (IRR = 4.60, 95% CrI: 2.19, 9.43), and GSI (IRR = 1.99, 95% CrI: 1.39, 2.79) scores. OH-TEB and hydroxy-thiabendazole (metabolite of fungicide thiabendazole) combined contributed 54%, 40%, and 54% to the mixture effect in the anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and overall psychological distress models, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found that exposure to tebuconazole and thiabendazole, fungicides whose effects have been rarely studied in humans, may be associated with increased psychological distress among avocado farmworkers. We also observed that exposure to chlorpyrifos may be associated with decreased psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Cynthia Armendáriz-Arnez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Morelia, Mexico
| | - Esteve Gudayol-Ferré
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Manuela Prehn
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Morelia, Mexico
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Christian H Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana M Mora
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
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Yang W, Braun JM, Vuong AM, Percy Z, Xu Y, Xie C, Deka R, Calafat AM, Ospina M, Yolton K, Cecil KM, Lanphear BP, Chen A. Patterns of urinary organophosphate ester metabolite trajectories in children: the HOME Study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:251-259. [PMID: 37777668 PMCID: PMC10988284 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have replaced flame retardant polybrominated diphenyl ethers as flame retardants in consumer products, but few longitudinal studies have characterized childhood OPE exposure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the exposure pattern of urinary OPE metabolites in children. METHODS We quantified three urinary OPE metabolites five times in children (1, 2, 3, 5, 8 years) from 312 mother-child pairs in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. We examined the associations of average maternal OPE metabolite concentrations with OPE metabolite concentrations in childhood, characterized childhood OPE trajectories with latent class growth analysis (LCGA), and examined factors related to trajectory membership. RESULTS Bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) had the lowest median concentrations over time (0.66-0.97 mg/L) while the median concentrations of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) increased with age (1.44-3.80 mg/L). The median concentrations of diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) fluctuated between 1.96 and 2.69 mg/L. Intraclass correlation coefficients for urinary metabolites measured at five time points indicated high variability within individuals (0.13-0.24). Average maternal urinary BCEP and BDCIPP were associated with concentrations in early childhood. Maternal education, the birth year of the child, and having a carpet in the main activity room were associated with BCEP and BDCIPP trajectory while none of the factors were associated with DPHP trajectory. SIGNIFICANCE The trajectory analysis showed different patterns of urinary OPE metabolite concentrations, suggesting the need to collect multiple samples to adequately reflect OPE exposure. IMPACT STATEMENT In this well-established cohort, we evaluated the patterns of urinary OPE metabolites in children ages 1-8 years. The number of repeated measures over childhood has not been achieved in prior studies. Our results suggested the high variability of urinary OPE metabolites within individuals. Maternal metabolite concentrations during pregnancy were related to child concentrations at ages 1-3 years. BCEP, BDCIPP, and DPHP demonstrated different trajectories in children, which suggests that multiple samples may be required to capture OPE exposure patterns in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Yang
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ann M Vuong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Zana Percy
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Changchun Xie
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ranjan Deka
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Ospina
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Hazard K, Alkon A, Gunier RB, Castorina R, Camann D, Quarderer S, Bradman A. Predictors of pesticide levels in carpet dust collected from child care centers in Northern California, USA. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:229-240. [PMID: 36599924 PMCID: PMC9811891 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young children may be exposed to pesticides in child care centers, but little is known about determinants of pesticide contamination in these environments. OBJECTIVE Characterize pesticide contamination in early care and education (ECE) centers and identify predictors of pesticide concentrations and loading in dust collected from classroom carpets. METHODS Carpet dust samples were collected from 51 licensed child care centers in Northern California and analyzed for 14 structural and agricultural pesticides. Program characteristics were collected through administration of director interviews and observational surveys, including an integrated pest management (IPM) inspection. Pesticide use information for the prior year was obtained from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation to characterize structural applications and nearby agricultural pesticide use. RESULTS The most frequently detected pesticides were cis-permethrin (98%), trans-permethrin (98%), bifenthrin (94%), fipronil (94%), and chlorpyrifos (88%). Higher bifenthrin levels were correlated with agricultural applications within 3 kilometers, and higher fipronil levels were correlated with professional pesticide applications in the prior year. In multivariable models, higher IPM Checklist scores were associated with lower loading of chlorpyrifos and permethrin. Placement of the sampled area carpet was also a predictor of chlorpyrifos loading. The strongest predictor of higher pesticide loading for the most frequently detected pesticides was location in California's San Joaquin Valley. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings contribute to the growing understanding that pesticides are ubiquitous in children's environments. Pesticide levels in carpet dust were associated with some factors that ECE directors may have control over, such as IPM practices, and others that are beyond their control, such as geographic location. IPM is an important tool that has the potential to reduce pesticide exposures in ECE environments, even for pesticides no longer in use. IMPACT One million children in California under six years old attend child care programs where they may spend up to 40 h per week. Children are uniquely vulnerable to environmental contaminants; however early care settings are under researched in environmental health studies. Little is known about predictors of pesticide levels found in environmental samples from child care facilities. This study aims to identify behavioral and environmental determinants of pesticide contamination in California child care centers. Findings can empower child care providers and consumers and inform decision makers to reduce children's exposures to pesticides and promote lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Hazard
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Abbey Alkon
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert B Gunier
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - David Camann
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Asa Bradman
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
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45
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Beard JD, Collingwood SC, LeCheminant JD, Peterson NE, Reynolds PR, Arroyo JA, South AJ, Farnsworth CB, Fong G, Cisneros T, Taylor M, Sanjel S, Johnston JD. Respirable dust and crystalline silica concentrations among workers at a brick kiln in Bhaktapur, Nepal. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2024; 21:247-258. [PMID: 38451548 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2024.2311873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to respirable dust and crystalline silica (SiO2) has been linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, silicosis, cancer, heart disease, and other respiratory diseases. Relatively few studies have measured respirable dust and SiO2 concentrations among workers at brick kilns in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to measure personal breathing zone (PBZ) respirable dust and SiO2 concentrations among workers at one brick kiln in Bhaktapur, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 49 workers in five job categories: administration, fire master, green (unfired) brick hand molder, green brick machine molder, and top loader. PBZ air samples were collected from each worker following Methods 0600 (respirable dust) and 7500 (respirable crystalline SiO2: cristobalite, quartz, tridymite) of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) respirable dust and quartz concentrations were also calculated. SiO2 percentage was measured in one bulk sample each of wet clay, the release agent used by green brick hand molders, and top coat soil at the brick kiln. The geometric mean (GM) sample and TWA respirable dust concentrations were 0.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16, 0.27) and 0.12 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.16) mg/m3, respectively. GM sample and TWA quartz concentrations were 15.28 (95% CI: 11.11, 21.02) and 8.60 (95% CI: 5.99, 12.34) µg/m3, respectively. Job category was significantly associated with GM sample and TWA respirable dust and quartz concentrations (all p < 0.0001). Top loaders had the highest GM sample and TWA respirable dust concentrations of 1.49 and 0.99 mg/m3, respectively. Top loaders also had the highest GM sample and TWA quartz concentrations of 173.08 and 114.39 µg/m3, respectively. Quartz percentages in bulk samples were 16%-27%. Interventions including using wet methods to reduce dust generation, administrative controls, personal protective equipment, and education and training should be implemented to reduce brick kiln worker exposures to respirable dust and SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Beard
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Scott C Collingwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James D LeCheminant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | | | - Paul R Reynolds
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Juan A Arroyo
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Andrew J South
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Clifton B Farnsworth
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Gerardo Fong
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Taylor Cisneros
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Mariah Taylor
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Seshananda Sanjel
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal
| | - James D Johnston
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
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46
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Notario-Barandiaran L, Signes-Pastor AJ, Laue HE, Abuawad A, Jackson BP, Madan JC, Karagas MR. Association between Mediterranean diet and metal mixtures concentrations in pregnant people from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169127. [PMID: 38070554 PMCID: PMC10842702 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Diet is a primary source of nutrients but also toxic metal exposure. In pregnancy, balancing essential metal exposure while reducing non-essential ones is vital for fetal and maternal health. However, the effect of metal mixtures from diets like the Mediterranean, known for health benefits, remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between Mediterranean diet adherence and metals exposure, both individually and as mixtures. The study involved 907 pregnant participants from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. We calculated the relative Mediterranean diet score (rMED) through a validated food frequency questionnaire, which includes 8 traditional Mediterranean dietary components. Also, at ~24-28 weeks of gestation, we used ICP-MS to measure speciation of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mo, Ni, Sb, Se, Sn, Zn, and As in urine, as well as Pb, Hg, As, Ni, and Se in toenails. We used multiple linear regression and Weighted Quantile Sum regression to analyze the association between rMED and metal mixtures. The models were adjusted for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking during pregnancy, and educational level. High adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with increased urinary Al (® = 0.26 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.05; 0.46)), Cd (β = 0.12 (95%CI = 0.00; 0.24)), Mo (β = 0.10 (95%CI = 0.00; 0.20)), and AsB (β = 0.88 (95%CI = 0.49; 1.27)) as well as toenail Hg (β = 0.44 (95%CI = 0.22; 0.65)), Ni (β = 0.37 (95%CI = 0.06; 0.67)), and Pb (β = 0.22 (95%CI = 0.03; 0.40)) compared to those with low adherence. The intake of fruits and nuts, fish and seafood, legumes, cereals, meat, and olive oil were found to be related to the metal biomarkers within the rMED. In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet enhances essential metal intake but may also increase exposure to harmful ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Notario-Barandiaran
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - A J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante 03550, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - H E Laue
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - A Abuawad
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - B P Jackson
- Trace Element Analysis Laboratory, Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - J C Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - M R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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47
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Zhang Y, Mustieles V, Martin L, Sun Y, Hillcoat A, Fang X, Bibi Z, Torres N, Coburn-Sanderson A, First O, Irene S, Petrozza JC, Botelho JC, Calafat AM, Wang YX, Messerlian C. Maternal and Paternal Preconception Serum Concentrations of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Relation to Birth Outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2683-2692. [PMID: 38290209 PMCID: PMC10924800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is associated with adverse birth outcomes. There is an absence of evidence on the relationship between maternal and paternal preconception PFAS exposure and birth outcomes. This study included 312 mothers and 145 fathers with a singleton live birth from a preconception cohort of subfertile couples seeking fertility treatment at a U.S. clinic. PFAS were quantified in serum samples collected before conception. Gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW) were abstracted from delivery records. We also assessed low birthweight (BW < 2500 g) and preterm birth (GA < 37 completed weeks). We utilized multivariable linear regression, logistic regression, and quantile-based g computation to examine maternal or paternal serum concentrations of individual PFAS and mixture with birth outcomes. Maternal serum concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), and the total PFAS mixture were inversely associated with birthweight. Maternal PFOS concentration was associated with a higher risk of low birthweight. Conversely, paternal PFOS and PFHxS concentrations were imprecisely associated with higher birthweight. No associations were found for gestational age or preterm birth. The findings have important implications for preconception care. Future research with larger sample sizes would assist in validating these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, Spain. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Leah Martin
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Hillcoat
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zainab Bibi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Torres
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayanna Coburn-Sanderson
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia First
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Souter Irene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John C. Petrozza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julianne C. Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Boston, MA, USA
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48
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Yu EX, Dou JF, Volk HE, Bakulski KM, Benke K, Hertz-Picciotto I, Schmidt RJ, Newschaffer CJ, Feinberg JI, Daniels J, Fallin MD, Ladd-Acosta C, Hamra GB. Prenatal Metal Exposures and Child Social Responsiveness Scale Scores in 2 Prospective Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2024; 18:11786302231225313. [PMID: 38317694 PMCID: PMC10840406 DOI: 10.1177/11786302231225313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Prenatal exposure to metals is hypothesized to be associated with child autism. We aim to investigate the joint and individual effects of prenatal exposure to urine metals including lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se) on child Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores. Methods We used data from 2 cohorts enriched for likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD): Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) and the Markers of Autism Risk in Babies-Learning Early Signs (MARBLES) studies. Metal concentrations were measured in urine collected during pregnancy. We used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and linear regression models to investigate both joint and independent associations of metals with SRS Z-scores in each cohort. We adjusted for maternal age at delivery, interpregnancy interval, maternal education, child race/ethnicity, child sex, and/or study site. Results The final analytic sample consisted of 251 mother-child pairs. When Pb, Hg, Se, and Mn were at their 75th percentiles, there was a 0.03 increase (95% credible interval [CI]: -0.11, 0.17) in EARLI and 0.07 decrease (95% CI: -0.29, 0.15) in MARBLES in childhood SRS Z-scores, compared to when all 4 metals were at their 50th percentiles. In both cohorts, increasing concentrations of Pb were associated with increasing values of SRS Z-scores, fixing the other metals to their 50th percentiles. However, all the 95% credible intervals contained the null. Conclusions There were no clear monotonic associations between the overall prenatal metal mixture in pregnancy and childhood SRS Z-scores at 36 months. There were also no clear associations between individual metals within this mixture and childhood SRS Z-scores at 36 months. The overall effects of the metal mixture and the individual effects of each metal within this mixture on offspring SRS Z-scores might be heterogeneous across child sex and cohort. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma X Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John F Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heather E Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly Benke
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Craig J Newschaffer
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jason I Feinberg
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Daniels
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ghassan B Hamra
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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49
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Mueller W, Jones K, Fuhrimann S, Ahmad ZNBS, Sams C, Harding AH, Povey A, Atuhaire A, Basinas I, van Tongeren M, Kromhout H, Galea KS. Factors influencing occupational exposure to pyrethroids and glyphosate: An analysis of urinary biomarkers in Malaysia, Uganda and the United Kingdom. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117651. [PMID: 37996007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to pesticides is often assessed using semi-quantitative models. To improve these models, a better understanding of how occupational factors determine exposure (e.g., as estimated by biomonitoring) would be valuable. METHODS Urine samples were collected from pesticide applicators in Malaysia, Uganda, and the UK during mixing/application days (and also during non-application days in Uganda). Samples were collected pre- and post-activity on the same day and analysed for biomarkers of active ingredients (AIs), including synthetic pyrethroids (via the metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid [3-PBA]) and glyphosate, as well as creatinine. We performed multilevel Tobit regression models for each study to assess the relationship between exposure modifying factors (e.g., mixing/application of AI, duration of activity, personal protective equipment [PPE]) and urinary biomarkers of exposure. RESULTS From the Malaysia, Uganda, and UK studies, 81, 84, and 106 study participants provided 162, 384 and 212 urine samples, respectively. Pyrethroid use on the sampling day was most common in Malaysia (n = 38; 47%), and glyphosate use was most prevalent in the UK (n = 93; 88%). Median pre- and post-activity 3-PBA concentrations were similar, with higher median concentrations post-compared to pre-activity for glyphosate samples in the UK (1.7 to 0.5 μg/L) and Uganda (7.6 to 0.8 μg/L) (glyphosate was not used in the Malaysia study). There was evidence from individual studies that higher urinary biomarker concentrations were associated with mixing/application of the AI on the day of urine sampling, longer duration of mixing/application, lower PPE protection, and less education/literacy, but no factor was consistently associated with exposure across biomarkers in the three studies. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a need for AI-specific interpretation of exposure modifying factors as the relevance of exposure routes, levels of detection, and farming systems/practices may be very context and AI-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Kate Jones
- Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Buxton, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Zulkhairul Naim Bin Sidek Ahmad
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department Medical Education and Department Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88450 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Craig Sams
- Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Buxton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew Povey
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aggrey Atuhaire
- Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health (UNACOH), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ioannis Basinas
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Karen S Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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50
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Vittrup DM, Jensen A, Sørensen JK, Zimakoff AC, Malon M, Charabi S, Johansen MR, Simões EA, Kirkby NS, Buus S, Svensson J, Stensballe LG. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity following MMR vaccination in 5-7-month-old infants: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 6540 Danish infants. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 68:102421. [PMID: 38292039 PMCID: PMC10825632 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. Vaccinated mothers transfer fewer antibodies during pregnancy, resulting in shortened infant immunity. Earlier primary vaccination might avert the gap in protection. Methods Healthy 5-7-month-old Danish infants were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to M-M-RVaxPro or placebo (solvent) in a double-blind, randomized trial between April 15, 2019 and November 1, 2021 (ClinicalTrials.govNCT03780179, EudraCT 2016-001901-18). Eligibility criteria were birth weight >1000 g and gestational age ≥32 weeks.Immunogenicity was measured by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and IgG ELISA before intervention, four weeks after intervention and routine MMR. Reactogenicity data were collected for six weeks and measured by hazard ratios (HR). Findings 647 and 6540 infants participated in the immunogenicity and reactogenicity study, respectively; 87% and 99% completed follow-up. After early MMR, seroprotection rates (SPRs) were 47% (13%) in measles PRNT; 28% (2%), 57% (8%) in mumps and rubella IgG (placebo). For measles PRNT, geometric mean ratio was 4.3 (95% CI: 3.4-5.3) between randomization groups after intervention and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3-1.9) after routine MMR.Reactogenicity was independent of randomization (HR, 1.0; 95% CI: 0.9-1.1). Severe adverse events occurred in 25 infants (HR, 1.8; 95% CI: 0.8-4.0); none deemed vaccine related. Interpretation Early MMR elicited low SPRs but did not negatively impact short-term responses to a subsequent MMR. MMR at 5-7 months was safe and not associated with higher rates of reactogenicity than placebo. Funding Innovation Fund Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorthe Maria Vittrup
- The Child and Adolescent Department, The University Hospital Herlev, Denmark
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Andreas Jensen
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Jesper Kiehn Sørensen
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Anne Cathrine Zimakoff
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Michelle Malon
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Salma Charabi
- Department of Cardiology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | | | - Eric A.F. Simões
- School of Medicine, and Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nikolai Søren Kirkby
- Dept. of Microbiology, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
| | - Søren Buus
- Dept. of Immunology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jannet Svensson
- The Child and Adolescent Department, The University Hospital Herlev, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Centre Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Graff Stensballe
- The Child and Adolescent Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, The Danish National University Hospital “Rigshospitalet”, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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