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Awounou D, Mancini M, Lacour B, de Crouy-Chanel P, Aerts I, Minard-Colin V, Schleiermacher G, Verschuur A, Guissou S, Desandes E, Guldner L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Residential proximity to vines and risk of childhood embryonal tumours in France - GEOCAP case-control study, 2006-2013. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117417. [PMID: 37865323 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to pesticides has been suggested as a potential risk factor for childhood embryonal tumour. The existing literature has mainly focused on parental occupational exposure and domestic use of pesticides, and is very limited for residential exposures to agricultural pesticides. The study aimed to test the hypothesis of an increased risk of embryonal tumour in children living close to viticultural plots, likely to be subject to frequent pesticide applications. METHODS The study is part of the French national registry-based GEOCAP program. We included 2761 cases of neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, Wilms tumour and rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed before the age of 15 years in the 2006-2013 period, and 40,196 controls representative of the same age population during this period. Indicators of proximity to vines, the presence of vines and viticulture density within 1000 m of the geocoded addresses of residence, were evaluated combining three sources of data on agricultural land use in a geographic information system. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regressions and carried out several sensitivity analyses to test the stability of the results. RESULTS Approximately 10% of the controls lived within 1000 m of vines, with regional variations ranging from <1% to 38%. We observed a 5% increase in the risk of neuroblastoma for a 10% increase in viticulture density (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.13), with a regional heterogeneity. The indicators of proximity to vines were not associated with the other non-CNS embryonal tumours. CONCLUSION The study showed a slight increase in the risk of neuroblastoma in children living close to vines, suggesting that residential exposure to agricultural pesticides may be involved in the occurrence of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Awounou
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.
| | - Matthieu Mancini
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Lacour
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Perrine de Crouy-Chanel
- Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Direction Appui, Traitements et Analyses des données (DATA), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- SIREDO Centre (Care, Innovation, Research In Pediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Minard-Colin
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy - Inserm UMR1015, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- SIREDO Centre (Care, Innovation, Research In Pediatric, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Arnauld Verschuur
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Immunology and Oncology, Children Hospital of La Timone, AP-HM, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Sandra Guissou
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuel Desandes
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laurence Guldner
- Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail (DSET), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm UMR1153, Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers (EPICEA) team, Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France; French National Registry of Childhood Cancers, RNHE, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Villejuif, and RNTSE, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Goujon S, Mancini M, Clavel J. Response to "Comment on 'Association between Residential Proximity to Viticultural Areas and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk in Mainland France: GEOCAP Case-Control Study, 2006-2013'". ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:18002. [PMID: 38206767 PMCID: PMC10783537 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Goujon
- Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Matthieu Mancini
- Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics, Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National Registry of Childhood Cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Hymel E, Degarege A, Fritch J, Farazi E, Napit K, Coulter D, Schmidt C, Watanabe-Galloway S. Agricultural exposures and risk of childhood neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113193-113204. [PMID: 37858025 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30315-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
While neuroblastoma accounts for an estimated 8% of childhood cancers, it causes about 15% of childhood cancer deaths in the United States. The role of agricultural exposures in the development of neuroblastoma is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship between agricultural exposures and neuroblastoma. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched in February 2022, identifying 742 publications. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria; all were published between 1985 and 2020 and included 14 case-control, one cross-sectional, and two cohort studies. Random and fixed effects models were used to calculate summary odds ratios (sORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An increased odds of developing neuroblastoma with parental exposure to any pesticides (sOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03-1.48; 4 studies), insecticides (sOR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.19-1.91; 3 studies), and residential exposure to crops/vegetables (sOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06; 2 studies) was seen. Heterogeneity was low in all analyses, and no publication bias was evident. No significant associations were found with agricultural occupations, herbicides, and agricultural dusts. The studies were limited by exposure measurements and small sample sizes. Further studies are needed to explore mechanisms in the development of neuroblastoma in children with parental agricultural exposures, especially pesticides, and to improve methods of measuring agricultural-related exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Hymel
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Abraham Degarege
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jordan Fritch
- Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Sanford Children's Hospital, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Evi Farazi
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Krishtee Napit
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Don Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cynthia Schmidt
- McGoogan Health Sciences Library, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Mancini M, Hémon D, de Crouy-Chanel P, Guldner L, Faure L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Association between Residential Proximity to Viticultural Areas and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk in Mainland France: GEOCAP Case-Control Study, 2006-2013. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107008. [PMID: 37850750 PMCID: PMC10583703 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposures are suspected of being a risk factor for several childhood cancers, particularly acute leukemia (AL). Most of the evidence is based on self-reported parental domestic use of pesticides, but some studies have also addressed associations with agricultural use of pesticides near the place of residence. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of AL in children living close to vines, a crop subject to intensive pesticide use. METHODS Data were drawn from the national registry-based GEOCAP study. We included all of the AL cases under the age of 15 years diagnosed in 2006-2013 (n = 3,711 ) and 40,196 contemporary controls representative of the childhood population in France. The proximity of the vines (probability of presence within 200, 500, and 1,000 m ) and the viticulture density (area devoted to vines within 1,000 m ) were evaluated around the geocoded addresses in a geographic information system combining three national land use maps. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for all AL and for the lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid (AML) subtypes. Heterogeneity between regions was studied by stratified analyses. Sensitivity analyses were carried out to take into account, in particular, geocoding uncertainty, density of other crops and potential demographic and environmental confounders. RESULTS In all, about 10% of the controls lived within 1 km of vines. While no evidence of association between proximity to vines and AL was found, viticulture density was positively associated with ALL [OR = 1.05 (1.00-1.09) for a 10% increase in density], with a statistically significant heterogeneity across regions. No association with AML was observed. The results remained stable in all the sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION We evidenced a slight increase in the risk of ALL in children living in areas with high viticulture density. This finding supports the hypothesis that environmental exposure to pesticides may be associated with childhood ALL. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12634.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Mancini
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Denis Hémon
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Perrine de Crouy-Chanel
- Direction appui, traitement et analyse de données (DATA), Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laurence Guldner
- Direction Santé, Environnement, Travail (DSET), Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laure Faure
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Khondkaryan L, Andreasyan D, Hakobyan Y, Bankoglu EE, Aroutiounian R, Stopper H, Babayan N. Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Leukemias in Armenia: A Population-Based Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3869-3875. [PMID: 36444600 PMCID: PMC9930974 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.11.3869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leukemia represents a serious public health concern as the incidence is increasing worldwide. In this study we aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid (AML) leukemia, identify disease clusters and find association with possible risk factors. METHODS Data on leukemia cases were provided by the National Institute of Health of the Republic of Armenia for the period of 2012-2018. Age-standardized incidence rate was calculated using Segi World Population. SaTScan purely spatial analysis was applied to find leukemia clusters. To find association between leukemia and agricultural and mining activities and demographic data Poisson regression model was used. RESULTS During the studied period 259 new cases of ALL and 478 AML were recorded. The age-standardized incidence rate was 1.5 and 1.9 per 100,000 inhabitants with male to female ratio of 0.97 and 1.1 for ALL and AML, respectively. No significant changes in ALL or AML incidence trends were found. For ALL significant cluster encompassing Shirak, Lori, Tavush and Armavir provinces of Armenia was identified, while Kotayk and Ararat was provinces with the highest incidence of AML. We found significant positive association of ALL with crop density, while no elevated risk estimates were found between AML and exposure variables. CONCLUSION Altogether, our results suggested that acute leukemias incidence in Armenia follows the pattern described for developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Khondkaryan
- Group of Cell Technologies, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of RA, Hasratyan Str. 7, 0014, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Diana Andreasyan
- Health Analytical Center, National Institute of Health named after academician S. Avdalbekyan of the Ministry of Health RA, Komitas Ave, 49/4, 0051, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Yervand Hakobyan
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Department, National Institute of Health named after academician S. Avdalbekyan of the Ministry of Health RA, Komitas Ave, 49/4, 0051, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Ezgi Eylül Bankoglu
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Rouben Aroutiounian
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, A. Manookyan Str.1, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Helga Stopper
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Nelly Babayan
- Group of Cell Technologies, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of RA, Hasratyan Str. 7, 0014, Yerevan, Armenia. ,Department of Genetics and Cytology, Yerevan State University, A. Manookyan Str.1, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia. ,For Correspondence:
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Baudin PV, Sacksteder RE, Worthington AK, Voitiuk K, Ly VT, Hoffman RN, Elliott MA, Parks DF, Ward R, Torres-Montoya S, Amend F, Montellano Duran N, Vargas PA, Martinez G, Ramirez SM, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Ehrlich D, Rosen YM, Breevoort A, Schouten T, Kurniawan S, Haussler D, Teodorescu M, Mostajo-Radji MA. Cloud-controlled microscopy enables remote project-based biology education in underserved Latinx communities. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11596. [PMID: 36439758 PMCID: PMC9681640 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Project-based learning (PBL) has long been recognized as an effective way to teach complex biology concepts. However, not all institutions have the resources to facilitate effective project-based coursework for students. We have developed a framework for facilitating PBL using remote-controlled internet-connected microscopes. Through this approach, one lab facility can host an experiment for many students around the world simultaneously. Experiments on this platform can be run on long timescales and with materials that are typically unavailable to high school classrooms. This allows students to perform novel research projects rather than just repeating standard classroom experiments. To investigate the impact of this program, we designed and ran six user studies with students worldwide. All experiments were hosted in Santa Cruz and San Francisco, California, with observations and decisions made remotely by the students using their personal computers and cellphones. In surveys gathered after the experiments, students reported increased excitement for science and a greater desire to pursue a career in STEM. This framework represents a novel, scalable, and effective PBL approach that has the potential to democratize biology and STEM education around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre V. Baudin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Raina E. Sacksteder
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Atesh K. Worthington
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Kateryna Voitiuk
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Victoria T. Ly
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Ryan N. Hoffman
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Matthew A.T. Elliott
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - David F. Parks
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | | | - Sebastian Torres-Montoya
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Finn Amend
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | | | - Paola A. Vargas
- Biotechnology, Universidad Catolica Boliviana San Pablo, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
| | - Guadalupe Martinez
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Sandra M. Ramirez
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | | | - Drew Ehrlich
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Computational Media, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Yohei M. Rosen
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Arnar Breevoort
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Tallulah Schouten
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Sri Kurniawan
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Computational Media, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - David Haussler
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Mircea Teodorescu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Mohammed A. Mostajo-Radji
- Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
- Corresponding author at: Live Cell Biotechnology Discovery Lab, Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.
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7
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Bamouni S, Hémon D, Faure L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Residential proximity to croplands at birth and childhood leukaemia. Environ Health 2022; 21:103. [PMID: 36303166 PMCID: PMC9615229 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Domestic and parental occupational pesticide exposures are suspected of involvement in the occurrence of childhood acute leukaemia (AL), but the role of exposure to agricultural activities is little known. In a previous ecological study conducted in France, we observed an increase in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) incidence rate with increasing viticulture density in the municipalities of residence at diagnosis. Objectives This study aimed to test the hypothesis that residential proximity to croplands at birth increases the risk of childhood AL, with a particular focus on vineyards. Methods We identified all the primary AL cases diagnosed before the age of 15 years in the cohorts of children born in the French municipalities between 1990 and 2015. We estimated crop densities in each municipality of residence at birth using agricultural census data, for ten crop types. Variations in standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were evaluated with Poisson regression models, for all AL, ALL and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), separately. Results Among the 19,809,700 children born and residing in mainland France at birth in 1990–2015, 8,747 AL cases (7,236 ALL and 1,335 AML) were diagnosed over the period. We did not evidence any statistically significant positive association between total crop density or any specific crop density in the municipality of residence at birth and all AL, ALL or AML. Interestingly, we observed a higher ALL incidence rate in the municipalities with the highest viticulture densities (SIR = 1.25 95%CI [1.01–1.54]). Adjusting for the main potential confounders did not change the results. Conclusion Our study does not support the hypothesis that residential proximity to croplands, particularly vineyards, around birth plays a role in childhood leukaemia. The slightly higher ALL incidence rate in children born in the municipalities with the highest viticulture densities may reflect the previously-observed association at diagnosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12940-022-00909-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bamouni
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France. .,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Denis Hémon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laure Faure
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
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Ouattara BS, Puvvula J, Abadi A, Munde S, Kolok AS, Bartelt‐Hunt S, Bell JE, Wichman CS, Rogan E. Geospatial Distribution of Age-Adjusted Incidence of the Three Major Types of Pediatric Cancers and Waterborne Agrichemicals in Nebraska. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000419. [PMID: 35372745 PMCID: PMC8859510 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine, at the county level, the relationship between pediatric cancer incidence rate and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in surface and groundwater. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between central nervous system (CNS) tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in groundwater. The age-adjusted brain and other CNS cancer incidence was higher than the national average in 63% of the Nebraska counties. After controlling for the counties socio-economic status and nitrate concentrations in groundwater, counties with groundwater atrazine concentrations above 0.0002 µg/L had a higher incidence rate for pediatric cancers (brain and other CNS, leukemia, and lymphoma) compared to counties with groundwater atrazine concentrations in the reference group (0.0000-0.0002 µg/L). Additionally, compared to counties with groundwater nitrate concentrations between 0 and 2 mg/L (reference group), counties with groundwater nitrate concentrations between 2.1 and 5 mg/L (group 2) had a higher incidence rate for pediatric brain and other CNS cancers (IRR = 8.39; 95% CI: 8.24-8.54), leukemia (IRR = 7.35; 95% CI: 7.22-7.48), and lymphoma (IRR = 5.59; CI: 5.48-5.69) after adjusting for atrazine groundwater concentration and the county socio-economic status. While these findings do not indicate a causal relationship, because other contaminants or cancer risk factors have not been accounted for, they suggest that atrazine and nitrate may pose a risk relative to the genesis of pediatric brain and CNS cancers, leukemia, and lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkissa S. Ouattara
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Jagadeesh Puvvula
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Azar Abadi
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Siddhi Munde
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Alan S. Kolok
- Idaho Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA
| | - Shannon Bartelt‐Hunt
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnOmahaNEUSA
| | - Jesse E. Bell
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Christopher S. Wichman
- Department of BiostatisticsCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Eleanor Rogan
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
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9
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Nguyen A, Crespi CM, Vergara X, Chun N, Kheifets L. Residential proximity to plant nurseries and risk of childhood leukemia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111388. [PMID: 34058183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are a potential risk factor for childhood leukemia. Studies evaluating the role of prenatal and/or early life exposure to pesticides in the development of childhood leukemia have produced a range of results. In addition to indoor use of pesticides, higher risks have been reported for children born near agricultural crops. No studies have looked at pesticide exposure based on proximity of birth residence to commercial plant nurseries, even though nurseries are located much closer to residences than agricultural crops and can potentially result in chronic year-round pesticide exposure. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether risk of childhood leukemia is associated with pesticide use as determined by distance of residence at birth to commercial, outdoor plant nurseries. METHODS We conducted a large statewide, record-based case-control study of childhood leukemia in California, which included 5788 childhood leukemia cases and an equal number of controls. Pesticide exposure was based on a spatial proximity model, which combined geographic information system data with aerial satellite imagery. RESULTS Overall, the results supported an increased childhood leukemia risk only for birth residences very close to nurseries. For birth residences less than 75 m from plant nurseries, we found an increased risk of childhood leukemia (odds ratio (OR) 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-5.82) that was stronger for acute lymphocytic leukemia (OR 3.09, 95% CI 1.14-8.34). DISCUSSION The association was robust to choices of reference group, cut points and data quality. Our findings suggest that close proximity to plant nurseries may be a risk factor for childhood leukemia and that this relationship should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Ximena Vergara
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Nicholas Chun
- University of California Berkeley College of Letters & Science, Berkeley, CA, 94720-2930, USA
| | - Leeka Kheifets
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
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10
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Roingeard C, Monnereau A, Goujon S, Orazio S, Bouvier G, Vacquier B. Passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and hematological malignancies in the general population: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43190-43216. [PMID: 34165744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incidence rates of hematological malignancies have been constantly increasing over the past 40 years. In parallel, an expanding use of agricultural pesticides has been observed. Only a limited number of studies investigated the link between hematological malignancies risk and passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides in the general population. The purpose of our review was to summarize the current state of knowledge on that question. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. We built a scoring scale to appraise relevance of each selected articles. We included 23 publications: 13 ecological studies, 9 case-control studies and a cohort study. Positive associations were reported between hematological malignancies and individual pesticides, pesticide groups, all pesticides without distinction, or some crop types. Relevance score was highly various across studies regardless of their design. Children studies were the majority and had overall higher relevance scores. The effect of passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides on hematological malignancies risk is suggested by the literature. The main limitation of the literature available is the high heterogeneity across studies, especially in terms of exposure assessment approach. Further studies with high methodological relevance should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Roingeard
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), 37 allées Jules-Guesde, C/o Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de médecine, 31073, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- INSERM U1153 EPICEA Team, Université Paris Descartes, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier - Bat 15/16, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Orazio
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Ghislaine Bouvier
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Blandine Vacquier
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
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11
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Patel DM, Gyldenkærne S, Jones RR, Olsen SF, Tikellis G, Granström C, Dwyer T, Stayner LT, Ward MH. Residential proximity to agriculture and risk of childhood leukemia and central nervous system tumors in the Danish national birth cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105955. [PMID: 32711331 PMCID: PMC10115138 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in an agricultural area or on farms has been associated with increased risk of childhood cancer but few studies have evaluated specific agricultural exposures. We prospectively examined residential proximity to crops and animals during pregnancy and risk of childhood leukemia and central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Denmark. METHODS The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) consists of 91,769 pregnant women (96,841 live-born children) enrolled in 1996-2003. For 61 childhood leukemias and 59 CNS tumors <15 years of age that were diagnosed through 2014 and a ~10% random sample of the live births (N = 9394) with geocoded addresses, we linked pregnancy addresses to crop fields and animal farm locations and estimated the crop area (hectares [ha]) and number of animals (standardized by their nitrogen emissions) by type within 250 meters (m), 500 m, 1000 m, and 2000 m of the home. We also estimated pesticide applications (grams, active ingredient) based on annual sales data for nine herbicides and one fungicide that were estimated to have been applied to >30% of the area of one or more crop. We used Cox proportional hazard models (weighted to the full cohort) to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of childhood leukemia and CNS tumors with crop area, animals, and pesticide applications adjusted for gender and maternal age. RESULTS Sixty-three percent of mothers had crops within 500 m of their homes during pregnancy; winter and spring cereals were the major crop types. Compared to mothers with no crops <500 m, we found increasing risk of childhood leukemia among offspring of mothers with increasing crop area near their home (highest tertile >24 ha HR: 2.0, CI:1.02-3.8), which was stronger after adjustment for animals (within 1000 m) (HR: 2.6, CI:1.02-6.8). We also observed increased risk for grass/clover (highest tertile >1.1 ha HR: 3.1, CI:1.2-7.7), peas (>0 HR: 2.4, CI: 1.02-5.4), and maize (>0 HR: 2.8, CI: 1.1-6.9) in animal-adjusted models. We found no association between number of animals near homes and leukemia risk. Crops, total number of animals, and hogs within 500 m of the home were not associated with CNS tumors but we observed an increased risk with >median cattle compared with no animals in crop-adjusted models (HR = 2.2, CI: 1.02-4.9). In models adjusted for total animals, the highest tertiles of use of three herbicides and one fungicide were associated with elevated risk of leukemia but no associations were statistically significant; there were no associations with CNS tumors. CONCLUSIONS Risk of childhood leukemia was associated with higher crop area near mothers' homes during pregnancy; CNS tumors were associated with higher cattle density. Quantitative estimates of crop pesticides and other agricultural exposures are needed to clarify possible reasons for these increased risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deven M Patel
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Steen Gyldenkærne
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sjurdur F Olsen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Center for Fetal Programming, Staten Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, 2300 København, Denmark
| | - Gabriella Tikellis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charlotta Granström
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Center for Fetal Programming, Staten Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, 2300 København, Denmark
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Room 978a, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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12
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Longitudinal Changes in Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer in Farm and Non-Farm Residents of Saskatchewan. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e485-e497. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Coste A, Goujon S, Faure L, Hémon D, Clavel J. Agricultural crop density in the municipalities of France and incidence of childhood leukemia: An ecological study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109517. [PMID: 32438101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposure is suspected to play a role in the etiology of childhood leukemia (AL). Various sources of exposure have been explored, but few studies have investigated the risk of childhood AL in relation to residential exposure to agricultural pesticides. Since around 50% of France is agricultural land, with marked pesticide use, France is a suitable location to investigate for an association. We aimed to analyze the association between the agricultural crop density in the municipalities of France and the incidence of childhood AL between 1990 and 2014. METHODS 11,487 cases of AL diagnosed in children aged 0-14 years were registered by the French National Registry of Childhood Hematological Malignancies over 1990-2014. National agricultural census data for 1990, 2000 and 2010 were used to estimate the densities of the most common crops in France. The incidence of AL was estimated in the 35,512 municipalities, by age and gender, and 3 observation periods, and expressed as the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). RESULTS We observed a moderate log-linear association between viticulture density and the incidence of AL, with a 3% increase in SIR for a 10% increase in viticulture density (SIRR = 1.03; 95%CI [1.00-1.06]). The association remained for lymphoblastic AL but not for myeloid AL. The association was stable after stratification by geographic area, age and period, and after adjustment on UV radiation and a French deprivation index. No consistent association was observed for other crop types. DISCUSSION This nationwide study shows a moderate increase in incidence of childhood AL in municipalities where viticulture is common. Future individual studies are needed to know whether this observation is confirmed and related to particular use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Coste
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
| | - Laure Faure
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; French National Registry of Childhood Hematological,Malignancies, France
| | - Denis Hémon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; French National Registry of Childhood Hematological,Malignancies, France
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14
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Park AS, Ritz B, Yu F, Cockburn M, Heck JE. Prenatal pesticide exposure and childhood leukemia - A California statewide case-control study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 226:113486. [PMID: 32087503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of epidemiologic studies with a variety of exposure assessment approaches have implicated pesticides as risk factors for childhood cancers. Here we explore the association of pesticide exposure in pregnancy and early childhood with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) utilizing land use and pesticide use data in a sophisticated GIS tool. METHODS We identified cancer cases less than 6 years of age from the California Cancer Registry and cancer-free controls from birth certificates. Analyses were restricted to those living in rural areas and born 1998-2011, resulting in 162 cases of childhood leukemia and 9,805 controls. Possible carcinogens were selected from the Environmental Protection Agency's classifications and pesticide use was collected from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation's (CDPR) Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) system and linked to land-use surveys. Exposures for subjects were assessed using a 4000m buffer around the geocoded residential addresses at birth. Unconditional logistic and hierarchical regression models were used to assess individual pesticide and pesticide class associations. RESULTS We observed elevated risks for ALL with exposure to any carcinogenic pesticide (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 2.83, 95% CI: 1.67-4.82), diuron (Single-pesticide model, adjusted (OR): 2.38, 95% CI: 1.57-3.60), phosmet (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.46-3.02), kresoxim-methyl (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.75), and propanil (OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.44-4.63). Analyses based on chemical classes showed elevated risks for the group of 2,6-dinitroanilines (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.56-3.99), anilides (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.38-3.36), and ureas (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.42-3.34). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that in rural areas of California exposure to certain pesticides or pesticide classes during pregnancy due to residential proximity to agricultural applications may increase the risk of childhood ALL and AML. Future studies into the mechanisms of carcinogenicity of these pesticides may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001, N. Soto Street, Suite 318-A, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Box 951781, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1781, USA.
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15
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Pluth TB, Zanini LAG, Battisti IDE. Pesticide exposure and cancer: an integrative literature review. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-1104201912220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT We conducted an integrative literature review of published studies on pesticide and cancer exposure, focusing on farmers, rural population, pesticide applicators, and rural workers. The Medline/PubMed was used as searching database. After the retrieval, 74 articles were selected according to pre-established criteria, which design involved 39 case-controls, 32 cohorts, 2 ecological ones, and 1 cross-sectional. Among them, 64 studies showed associations between pesticides and cancer while 10 did not find any significant association. The studies found 53 different types of pesticides significantly associated with at least one type of cancer and 19 different types of cancers linked to at least one type of pesticide. Although few studies presented contradictory results, the sole fact of being a farmer or living near crops or high agricultural areas have also been used as a proxy for pesticide exposure and significantly associated with higher cancer risk. The literature well illustrates the case of prostate cancer, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, bladder and colon cancers. Studies are recommended to further investigate the relationship between pesticide and neoplasm of testis, breast, esophagus, kidney, thyroid, lip, head and neck, and bone.
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16
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Ling C, Heck JE, Cockburn M, Liew Z, Marcotte E, Ritz B. Residential mobility in early childhood and the impact on misclassification in pesticide exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 173:212-220. [PMID: 30928851 PMCID: PMC6553500 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies of environmental exposures and childhood cancers that rely on records often only use maternal address at birth or address at cancer diagnosis to assess exposures in early childhood, possibly leading to exposure misclassification and questionable validity due to residential mobility during early childhood. Our objective was to assess patterns and identify factors that may predict residential mobility in early childhood, and examine the impact of mobility on early childhood exposure assessment for agriculturally applied pesticides and childhood cancers in California. We obtained the addresses at diagnosis of all childhood cancer cases born in 1998-2011 and diagnosed at 0-5 years of age (n = 6478) from the California Cancer Registry (CCR), and their birth addresses from linked birth certificates. Controls were randomly selected from California birth records and frequency matched (20:1) to all cases by year of birth. We obtained residential histories from a public-record database LexisNexis for both case (n = 3877 with age at diagnosis 1-5 years) and control (n = 99,262) families. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the socio-demographic factors in relation to residential mobility in early childhood. We employed a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based system to estimate children's first year of life exposures to agriculturally applied pesticides based on birth vs diagnosis address or residential histories based upon Lexis-Nexis Public Records and assessed agreement between exposure measures using Spearman correlations and kappa statistics. Over 20% of case and control children moved in their first year of life, and 55% of children with cancer moved between birth and diagnosis. Older age at diagnosis, younger maternal age, lower maternal education, not having a Hispanic ethnic background, use of public health insurance, and non-metropolitan residence at birth were predictors of higher residential mobility. There was moderate to strong correlation (Spearman correlation = 0.76-0.83) and good agreement (kappa = 0.75-0.81) between the first year of life exposure estimates for agricultural pesticides applied within 2 km of a residence relying on an address at birth or at diagnosis or LexisNexis addresses; this did not differ by outcome status, but agreement decreased with decreasing buffer size, and increasing distance moved or age at diagnosis. These findings suggest that residential addresses collected at one point in time may represent residential history in early childhood to a reasonable extent; nevertheless, they exposure misclassification in the first year of life remains an issue. Also, the highest proportion of women not captured by LexisNexis were Hispanic women born in Mexico and those living in the lowest SES neighborhoods, i.e. possibly those with the higher environmental exposures, as well as younger women and those with less than high school education. Though LexisNexis only captures a sub-population, its data may be useful for augmenting address information and assessing the extent of exposure misclassification when estimating environmental exposures in large record linkage studies. Future research should investigate how to correct for exposure misclassification introduced by residential mobility that is not being captured by records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxiao Ling
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA; Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA
| | - Erin Marcotte
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Pierce ES. Baseballs, tennis balls, livestock farm manure, the IDH1 mutation, endothelial cell proliferation and hypoxic pseudopalisading (granulomatous) necrosis: Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and the epidemiology, cellular metabolism and histology of diffuse gliomas, including glioblastoma. Open Vet J 2019; 9:5-12. [PMID: 31086759 PMCID: PMC6500868 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v9i1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased rate of diffuse gliomas, including glioblastoma, has been noted in livestock farmers in Western countries. Some researchers have suggested that a zoonotic virus or bacteria present in the livestock animal’s feces or manure may be a possible etiologic factor. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), the cause of a chronic enteropathy in domestic livestock and a probable zoonosis, is heavily excreted in an infected animal’s feces or manure, contaminating soil and ground on the animal’s farm. Once excreted in an animal’s feces, MAP lasts indefinitely in a dormant but viable form, and easily spreads outside farms to the surrounding environment. MAP’s presence throughout the soil in countries where MAP infection of domestic livestock is extensive and long-standing may explain the increased rates of glioblastoma in tennis and baseball players who handle balls coated with MAP-contaminated dirt. MAP infection is consistent with glioblastoma’s two defining histopathologic characteristics: endothelial cell proliferation and pseudopalisading necrosis. MAP is a non-tuberculous or atypical mycobacterium, which can cause hypoxic necrotizing granulomas, granulomas that resemble areas of pseudopalisading necrosis. There are known bacterial causes of endothelial cell proliferation. Almost unique amongst intracellular bacteria, MAP’s variant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) enzyme, a type 2-oxoglutarate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, can use a host cell’s cytosolic α-ketoglutarate in its own Krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle. MAP’s ability to use a host cell’s α-ketoglutarate may explain the survival advantage of the cytosolic IDH1 enzyme mutation for patients with diffuse gliomas including glioblastoma, astrocytoma, and oligdendroglioma, a mutation that results in a reduced supply of cytosolic α-ketoglutarate. MAP may therefore be one possible infectious cause of glioblastoma and the other histologic categories of diffuse glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen S Pierce
- 13212 East Blossey Avenue, Spokane Valley, Washington, USA
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Dixit S, Srivastava MP, Sharma YK. Pesticide and Human Health. ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND GREEN TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are known to be one of the extremely useful and incredibly beneficial agents for preventing losses of crops as well as diseases in humans. They are used in a large number of conditions as in farms, orchards, gardens, parks, sports lawn, residences, industrial areas, shops, schools, hospitals, airports, railway lines, drains, on animals, and on people for control of diseases such as scabies and head lice. People are exposed to pesticides in their daily lives through multiple routes of exposure such as occupational or food, water, and air. Many pesticides can be used safely and effectively, but care must be taken while using them. Several pesticides are beneficial in agriculture for killing pests. Yet many times their injurious effects offset the positive ones. Uses of pesticides are apprehension for sustainability of environment and global stability. This chapter aims to discuss pesticides, their types, routes of their exposure, human health concerns related to them, methods to stop using them, and a future scenario of the world after eradicating pesticides.
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Booth BJ, Jones RR, Turyk ME, Freels S, Patel DM, Stayner LT, Ward MH. Livestock and poultry density and childhood cancer incidence in nine states in the USA. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:444-451. [PMID: 28858758 PMCID: PMC5784771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental occupational and childhood exposures to farm animals have been positively associated with childhood brain tumors, whereas associations with childhood leukemia are equivocal. The developing immune system may be influenced by allergen, virus, or other exposures from animal sources, which may contribute to childhood cancer incidence. METHODS Incident cancers (acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL], acute myeloid leukemia [AML], central nervous system [CNS], peripheral nervous system [PNS]) for children aged 0-4 diagnosed between 2003 and 2008 were obtained from nine National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries and were linked to U.S. Census of Agriculture data from 2002 and 2007 by county of diagnosis. Animal densities (animal units [AU]/km2; one animal unit is 1000 pounds of animal weight) were estimated for hogs, cattle, chickens (layers and broilers, separately), equine (horses, ponies, mules, burros, donkeys), goats, sheep, turkeys, and total animals. Animal density was examined in models as both continuous (AU per km2) and categorical variables (quartiles). Animal operation densities (per km2) by size of operation (cattle, hogs, chickens, sheep) were modeled continuously. Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Poisson regression. RESULTS We found positive associations between AML and broiler chicken densities (RRper 10AU/km2 = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02-1.26). ALL rates increased with densities of hog operations (RRper operation/100km2 = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.11). PNS cancer rates were inversely associated with layer chicken density (RRper log of AU/km2 = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89-0.99). No association was found between any cancer type and densities of cattle, equine, or goats. CONCLUSIONS Although limited by the ecologic study design, some of our findings are novel and should be examined in epidemiological studies with individual level data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Booth
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deven M Patel
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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Amizadeh M, Safari-Kamalabadi M, Askari-Saryazdi G, Amizadeh M, Reihani-Kermani H. Pesticide Exposure and Head and Neck Cancers: A Case-Control Study in an Agricultural Region. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2017; 29:275-285. [PMID: 28955675 PMCID: PMC5610376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Causes of head and neck cancers (HNCs) are multifactorial, and few studies have investigated the association between chemical exposure and HNCs. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between HNCs, agricultural occupations, and pesticide exposure. The potential for the accumulation of pesticides in the adipose tissue of patients was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on demographics, occupation, and exposure to pesticides in a hospital-based case-control study. Pesticide residue in the adipose tissue of the neck in both cases and controls was also monitored via gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Thirty-one HNC cases were included in this study as well as 32 gender-, age-, and smoking-matched controls. An agricultural occupation was associated with HNC (odds ratio [OR], 3.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-9.43) after controlling for age, sex, and smoking. Pesticide exposure was associated with total HNC cases (OR, 7.45; 95% CI, 1.78-3.07) and larynx cancer (OR, 9.33; 95% CI, 1.65-52.68). A dose-response pattern was observed for HNC cases (P=0.06) and larynx cancer (P=0.01). In tracing the pesticide residue, five chlorinated pesticides, namely dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodipheny-ldichloroethane (DDD), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dieldrin, and lindane, were identified in the adipose tissue. Chlorinated pesticide detection was significantly associated with HNC (OR, 3.91; 95% CI 0.9-0.16.9). CONCLUSION HNCs were found to be associated with pesticide exposure after controlling for confounders. A high education level was identified as a modifying factor decreasing the risk of HNCs. Further studies with larger number of subjects are recommended to assess these relationships in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amizadeh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Ghasem Askari-Saryazdi
- Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Amizadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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Momenyan S, Ghalane S, Sarvi F, Azizi R, Kabiri F. The Association between Lifestyle, Occupational, and Reproductive Factors and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2157-2162. [PMID: 28843250 PMCID: PMC5697475 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.8.2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Association of lifestyle, reproductive and environmental factors has been investigated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in different studies. We explored evidence and investigated association between various risk factors and colorectal cancer. Methods: This case- control study was conducted 155 colorectal cancer patients and 150 hospital-controls. We obtained detailed lifestyle, occupational, reproductive information from both groups. Chi-Square test and Logistic regression model were used to evaluate the risk factors of colorectal cancer. Results: The results showed that frequent intake of fruits, chicken, fish and alcohol drinking were associated with risk for colorectal cancer. Agricultural occupation (OR=7.003, 95% CI=2.19-22.38) and industrial exposure (OR=1.97, 95% CI=0.91-4.22) were associated significantly with risk for colorectal cancer. Regarding reproductive factors, women who reported less than 3 pregnancies was associated with an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma (OR=2.88, 95% CI=1.15-7.17). We did not find significant association between other reproductive factors and colorectal cancer risk in women after adjusting for demographic factors. Conclusion: In this case-control study we observed that agricultural occupation, industrial exposure and high consumption of fish and less than 3 pregnancies in women were associated with an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Momenyan
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gibson PR. Introduction to the Special Issue on Environmental Sensitivities: Living on the Margins with Access Denied. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2017.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Reed Gibson
- Department of Psychology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia
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Hall C, Ritz B, Cockburn M, Davidson TB, Heck JE. Risk of malignant childhood germ cell tumors in relation to demographic, gestational, and perinatal characteristics. Cancer Epidemiol 2017; 46:42-49. [PMID: 28013088 PMCID: PMC5272784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a rare assortment of neoplasms, with mostly unknown etiology, that are believed to originate very early in life. Few studies have examined risk factors by histologic subtype, despite evidence of different risk profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this population-based case-control study, 451 childhood malignant GCT cases ages 0-5 years were identified from the California Cancer Registry. Differentiating between common histologic subtypes, we identified 181 yolk sac tumors, 216 teratomas, and 54 rarer subtypes. Cases were linked to their birth certificates and 271,381 controls, frequency matched by birth year, were randomly selected from California birthrolls to investigate the contributions of demographic, gestational, and pregnancy factors using unconditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Asian/Pacific Islander children were at an increased risk for developing GCTs (odds ratio [OR]=1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.47, 2.56). Among pregnancy complications and procedures, yolk sac tumors were positively associated with the presence of fetopelvic disproportion (OR=2.97; 95% CI=1.55, 5.68), while teratomas were strongly associated with polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios (OR=14.76; 95% CI=7.21, 30.19) and the presence of an ear, face, or neck anomaly at birth (OR=93.70; 95% CI=42.14, 208.82). CONCLUSIONS Malignant yolk sac tumors and malignant teratomas exhibited distinct demographic and gestational characteristics; additionally, complications in pregnancy and labor may be brought on by specific histologic subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, CA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, CA, USA
| | - Myles Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tom B Davidson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, CA, USA.
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Adetona O, Reinhardt TE, Domitrovich J, Broyles G, Adetona AM, Kleinman MT, Ottmar RD, Naeher LP. Review of the health effects of wildland fire smoke on wildland firefighters and the public. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:95-139. [PMID: 26915822 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2016.1145771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Each year, the general public and wildland firefighters in the US are exposed to smoke from wildland fires. As part of an effort to characterize health risks of breathing this smoke, a review of the literature was conducted using five major databases, including PubMed and MEDLINE Web of Knowledge, to identify smoke components that present the highest hazard potential, the mechanisms of toxicity, review epidemiological studies for health effects and identify the current gap in knowledge on the health impacts of wildland fire smoke exposure. Respiratory events measured in time series studies as incidences of disease-caused mortality, hospital admissions, emergency room visits and symptoms in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients are the health effects that are most commonly associated with community level exposure to wildland fire smoke. A few recent studies have also determined associations between acute wildland fire smoke exposure and cardiovascular health end-points. These cardiopulmonary effects were mostly observed in association with ambient air concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). However, research on the health effects of this mixture is currently limited. The health effects of acute exposures beyond susceptible populations and the effects of chronic exposures experienced by the wildland firefighter are largely unknown. Longitudinal studies of wildland firefighters during and/or after the firefighting career could help elucidate some of the unknown health impacts of cumulative exposure to wildland fire smoke, establish occupational exposure limits and help determine the types of exposure controls that may be applicable to the occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olorunfemi Adetona
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA .,b Division of Environmental Health Sciences , College of Public Health, the Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Timothy E Reinhardt
- c AMEC Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure, Inc , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Joe Domitrovich
- d USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center , Missoula , MT , USA
| | - George Broyles
- e SDA Forest Service, San Dimas Technology and Development Center , San Dimas , CA , USA
| | - Anna M Adetona
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
| | - Michael T Kleinman
- f Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California , Irvine , CA , USA , and
| | - Roger D Ottmar
- g USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Luke P Naeher
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
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Pesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:549-599. [PMID: 27722929 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are a family of compounds which have brought many benefits to mankind in the agricultural, industrial, and health areas, but their toxicities in both humans and animals have always been a concern. Regardless of acute poisonings which are common for some classes of pesticides like organophosphoruses, the association of chronic and sub-lethal exposure to pesticides with a prevalence of some persistent diseases is going to be a phenomenon to which global attention has been attracted. In this review, incidence of various malignant, neurodegenerative, respiratory, reproductive, developmental, and metabolic diseases in relation to different routes of human exposure to pesticides such as occupational, environmental, residential, parental, maternal, and paternal has been systematically criticized in different categories of pesticide toxicities like carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, pulmonotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and metabolic toxicity. A huge body of evidence exists on the possible role of pesticide exposures in the elevated incidence of human diseases such as cancers, Alzheimer, Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, asthma, bronchitis, infertility, birth defects, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, diabetes, and obesity. Most of the disorders are induced by insecticides and herbicides most notably organophosphorus, organochlorines, phenoxyacetic acids, and triazine compounds.
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Passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia in an Italian community. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 219:742-748. [PMID: 27693118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to pesticides has been suggested as a risk factor for childhood leukemia, but definitive evidence on this relation and the specific pesticides involved is still not clear. OBJECTIVE We carried out a population-based case-control study in a Northern Italy community to assess the possible relation between passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of acute childhood leukemia. METHODS We assessed passive pesticide exposure of 111 childhood leukemia cases and 444 matched controls by determining density and type of agricultural land use within a 100-m radius buffer around children's homes. We focused on four common crop types, arable, orchard, vineyard and vegetable, characterized by the use of specific pesticides that are potentially involved in childhood induced leukemia. The use of these pesticides was validated within the present study. We computed the odds ratios (OR) of the disease and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to type and density of crops around the children's homes, also taking into account traffic pollution and high-voltage power line magnetic field exposure. RESULTS Childhood leukemia risk did not increase in relation with any of the crop types with the exception of arable crops, characterized by the use of 2.4-D, MCPA, glyphosate, dicamba, triazine and cypermethrin. The very few children (n=11) residing close to arable crops had an OR for childhood leukemia of 2.04 (95% CI 0.50-8.35), and such excess risk was further enhanced among children aged <5 years. CONCLUSIONS Despite the null association with most crop types and the statistical imprecision of the estimates, the increased leukemia risk among children residing close to arable crops indicates the need to further investigate the involvement in disease etiology of passive exposure to herbicides and pyrethroids, though such exposure is unlikely to play a role in the vast majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Reed Gibson
- Department of Psychology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia
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Arcury TA, Gabbard S, Bell B, Casanova V, Flocks JD, Swanberg JE, Wiggins MF. Collecting Comparative Data on Farmworker Housing and Health: Recommendations for Collecting Housing and Health Data Across Places and Time. New Solut 2015; 25:287-312. [PMID: 26315035 PMCID: PMC9109263 DOI: 10.1177/1048291115601052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The substandard nature of the housing in which most farmworkers live has detrimental effects on their health, as well as on their children's health and development. However, little research has directly documented associations between farmworker housing and health; existing research is not always comparable due to differences in design and measurement. Comparative data can help determine actual causal links between housing characteristics and farmworker health and help to evaluate the efficacy of current housing policy. The goal of this paper is to provide guidelines promoting comparable research on farmworker housing and the association of this housing with health. This paper reviews general concepts relevant to measuring farmworker housing and health, issues that should be considered in designing farmworker housing and health research, data collection methods, and measures. It concludes with recommendations for a research agenda on farmworker housing and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Arcury
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Vanessa Casanova
- Southwest Center for Agricultural Health, Injury Prevention and Education, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Joan D Flocks
- Center for Governmental Responsibility, Levin College of Law, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Booth BJ, Ward MH, Turyk ME, Stayner LT. Agricultural crop density and risk of childhood cancer in the midwestern United States: an ecologic study. Environ Health 2015; 14:82. [PMID: 26467084 PMCID: PMC4606898 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence for an association between agricultural pesticide exposure and certain types of childhood cancers. Numerous studies have evaluated exposure to pesticides and childhood cancer and found positive associations. However, few studies have examined the density of agricultural land use as a surrogate for residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and results are mixed. We examined the association of county level agricultural land use and the incidence of specific childhood cancers. METHODS We linked county-level agricultural census data (2002 and 2007) and cancer incidence data for children ages 0-4 diagnosed between 2004 and 2008 from cancer registries in six Midwestern states. Crop density (percent of county area that was harvested) was estimated for total agricultural land, barley, dry beans, corn, hay, oats, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets, and wheat. Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using generalized estimating equation Poisson regression models and were adjusted for race, sex, year of diagnosis, median household income, education, and population density. RESULTS We found statistically significant exposure-response relationships for dry beans and total leukemias (RR per 1% increase in crop density = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14) and acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04-1.16); oats and acute myeloid leukemias (AML) (RR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.25, 3.28); and sugar beets and total leukemias (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.19) and ALL (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.21). State-level analyses revealed some additional positive associations for total leukemia and CNS tumors and differences among states for several crop density-cancer associations. However, some of these analyses were limited by low crop prevalence and low cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS Publicly available data sources not originally intended to be used for health research can be useful for generating hypotheses about environmental exposures and health outcomes. The associations observed in this study need to be confirmed by analytic epidemiologic studies using individual level exposure data and accounting for potential confounders that could not be taken into account in this ecologic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Booth
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Ihde ES, Boscamp JR, Loh JM, Rosen L. Safety and efficacy of a 100% dimethicone pediculocide in school-age children. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:70. [PMID: 26092045 PMCID: PMC4475297 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head lice most commonly affect children, ages 3 to 11. Concerns exist about the safety and efficacy of pesticide-based treatments. Published studies suggest dimethicone is a potentially safe and effective non-toxic treatment, but have not evaluated 100% dimethicone in a pediatric population. The objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 100% dimethicone for the treatment of head lice in children, monitored by school nurses. METHODS This was a multi-site, open-label study of a 100% dimethicone gel for the treatment of head lice in a pediatric population. Children (ages 3-12) suspected of infestation with head lice were evaluated by school nurses at six schools and daycare programs in New York and New Jersey. Inclusion criteria were presence of at least three live lice, or one live louse and 10 viable eggs (eggs found within 1.27 cm of the scalp) and no use of any head lice treatment within four weeks of enrollment. Counts of live lice and viable eggs found in 58 subjects were tracked at baseline (Day 0) and on Day 1, Day 7, and Day 14 after treatment. RESULTS After 1 day of treatment with 100% dimethicone, 98.30% of subjects were free of live lice and 55.20% were free of viable eggs. On day 14, 96.50% were still free of live lice, and 80.70% were free of viable eggs. All subjects were monitored by the school nurse at baseline and throughout the study period for adverse effects, including scalp erythema, excoriation, flaking and edema. There was one adverse event of skin irritation lasting 10 min, and no serious adverse events reported. Overall, scalp conditions improved from the baseline: 10 subjects (17.5%) reported mild to moderate scalp erythema on day 1, compared with only one subject (1.7%) on day 14; 8 subjects (14.3%) reported mild scalp excoriation on day 1, with none reporting on day 14. CONCLUSIONS 100% dimethicone was found to be a safe and highly effective treatment for pediatric head lice. Because dimethicone avoids pesticide exposure and resistance issues, dimethicone should be considered as a first-line treatment for head lice. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02213055 Date of registration: August 8, 2014. STANDARDS OF REPORTING: The CONSORT 2010 Checklist was consulted during the review of this manuscript. Please note that sections pertaining specifically to randomized controlled trials (RCT's) were not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Speiser Ihde
- The Deirdre Imus Environmental Health Center®, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA.
| | - Jeffrey R Boscamp
- Hackensack University Medical Center, The Joseph M. Sanzari Children's Hospital, 30 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA.
| | - Ji Meng Loh
- Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, NJ Institute of Technology - University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
| | - Lawrence Rosen
- The Deirdre Imus Environmental Health Center®, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA.
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Childhood leukemia mortality and farming exposure in South Korea: A national population-based birth cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:401-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jones RR, Yu CL, Nuckols JR, Cerhan JR, Airola M, Ross JA, Robien K, Ward MH. Farm residence and lymphohematopoietic cancers in the Iowa Women's Health Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 133:353-361. [PMID: 25038451 PMCID: PMC4324553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer incidence in male farmers has been studied extensively; however, less is known about risk among women residing on farms or in agricultural areas, who may be exposed to pesticides by their proximity to crop fields. We extended a previous follow-up of the Iowa Women's Health Study cohort to examine farm residence and the incidence of lymphohematopoietic cancers. Further, we investigated crop acreage within 750 m of residences, which has been associated with higher herbicide levels in Iowa homes. METHODS We analyzed data for a cohort of 37,099 Iowa women aged 55-69 years who reported their residence location (farm, rural (not a farm), town size based on population) at enrollment in 1986. We identified incident lymphohematopoietic cancers (1986-2009) by linkage with the Iowa Cancer Registry. Using a geographic information system, we geocoded addresses and calculated acreage of pasture and row crops within 750 m of homes using the 1992 National Land Cover Database. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in multivariate analyses of cancer risk in relation to both residence location and crop acreage. RESULTS As found in an earlier analysis of residence location, risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was higher among women living on farms (HR=2.23, 95%CI: 1.25-3.99) or rural areas (but not on a farm) (HR=1.95, 95%CI: 0.89-4.29) compared with women living in towns of >10,000 population. We observed no association between farm or rural residence and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; overall or for major subtypes) or multiple myeloma. In analyses of crop acreage, we observed no association between pasture or row crop acreage within 750 m of homes and risk of leukemia overall or for the AML subtype. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) risk was nonsignificantly elevated among women with pasture acreage within 750 m of their home (HRs for increasing tertiles=1.8, 1.8 and 1.5) and with row crop acreage within 750 m (HRs for increasing tertiles of acreage=1.4, 1.5 and 1.6) compared to women with no pasture or row crop acreage, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Iowa women living on a farm or in a rural area were at increased risk of developing AML, which was not related to crop acreage near the home. Living near pasture or row crops may confer an increased risk of CLL/SLL regardless of residence location. Further investigation of specific farm-related exposures and these cancers among women living on farms and in agricultural areas is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chu-Ling Yu
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA; Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John R Nuckols
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; JRN-Environmental Health Sciences, Ltd. North Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Julie A Ross
- Division of Epidemiology & Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kim Robien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Heck JE, Wu J, Lombardi C, Qiu J, Meyers TJ, Wilhelm M, Cockburn M, Ritz B. Childhood cancer and traffic-related air pollution exposure in pregnancy and early life. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:1385-91. [PMID: 24021746 PMCID: PMC3855517 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature on traffic-related air pollution and childhood cancers is inconclusive, and little is known on rarer cancer types. OBJECTIVES We sought to examine associations between childhood cancers and traffic-related pollution exposure. METHODS The present study included children < 6 years of age identified in the California Cancer Registry (born 1998-2007) who could be linked to a California birth certificate (n = 3,590). Controls were selected at random from California birthrolls (n = 80,224). CAlifornia LINE Source Dispersion Modeling, version 4 (CALINE4) was used to generate estimates of local traffic exposures for each trimester of pregnancy and in the first year of life at the address indicated on the birth certificate. We checked our findings by additionally examining associations with particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5) pollution measured by community-based air pollution monitors, and with a simple measure of traffic density. RESULTS With unconditional logistic regression, a per interquartile range increase in exposure to traffic-related pollution during the first trimester (0.0538 ppm carbon monoxide, estimated using CALINE4) was associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL; first trimester odds ratio (OR) = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.10]; germ cell tumors (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.29), particularly teratomas (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.41); and retinoblastoma (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.21), particularly bilateral retinoblastoma (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.33). Retinoblastoma was also associated with average PM2.5 concentrations during pregnancy, and ALL and teratomas were associated with traffic density near the child's residence at birth. CONCLUSIONS We estimated weak associations between early exposure to traffic pollution and several childhood cancers. Because this is the first study to report on traffic pollution in relation to retinoblastoma or germ cell tumors, and both cancers are rare, these findings require replication in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Heck
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Case-control study of birth characteristics and the risk of hepatoblastoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2013; 37:390-5. [PMID: 23558166 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoblastoma is a malignant embryonal tumor typically diagnosed in children younger than five years of age. Little is known on hepatoblastoma etiology. METHODS We matched California Cancer Registry records of hepatoblastomas diagnosed in children younger than age 6 from 1988 to 2007 to birth records using a probabilistic record linkage program, yielding 261 cases. Controls (n=218,277), frequency matched by birth year to all cancer cases in California for the same time period, were randomly selected from California birth records. We examined demographic and socioeconomic information, birth characteristics, pregnancy history, complications in pregnancy, labor and delivery, and abnormal conditions and clinical procedures relating to the newborn, with study data taken from birth certificates. RESULTS We observed increased risks for hepatoblastoma among children with low [1500-2499 g, Odds Ratio (OR)=2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-3.15] and very low birthweight (<1500 g, OR=15.4, 95% CI 10.7-22.3), preterm birth <33 weeks (OR=7.27, 95% CI 5.00, 10.6), small size for gestational age (OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.25-2.45), and with multiple birth pregnancies (OR=2.52, 95% CI 1.54-4.14). We observed a number of pregnancy and labor complications to be related to hepatoblastoma, including preeclampsia, premature labor, fetal distress, and congenital anomalies. CONCLUSION These findings confirm previously reported associations with low birthweight and preeclampsia. The relation with multiple birth pregnancies has been previously reported and may indicate a relation to infertility treatments.
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Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 268:157-77. [PMID: 23402800 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with the wide use of pesticides in the world, the concerns over their health impacts are rapidly growing. There is a huge body of evidence on the relation between exposure to pesticides and elevated rate of chronic diseases such as different types of cancers, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson, Alzheimer, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), birth defects, and reproductive disorders. There is also circumstantial evidence on the association of exposure to pesticides with some other chronic diseases like respiratory problems, particularly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, chronic nephropathies, autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematous and rheumatoid arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and aging. The common feature of chronic disorders is a disturbance in cellular homeostasis, which can be induced via pesticides' primary action like perturbation of ion channels, enzymes, receptors, etc., or can as well be mediated via pathways other than the main mechanism. In this review, we present the highlighted evidence on the association of pesticide's exposure with the incidence of chronic diseases and introduce genetic damages, epigenetic modifications, endocrine disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response (UPR), impairment of ubiquitin proteasome system, and defective autophagy as the effective mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Brender JD, Maantay JA, Chakraborty J. Residential proximity to environmental hazards and adverse health outcomes. Am J Public Health 2011; 101 Suppl 1:S37-52. [PMID: 22028451 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2011.300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
How living near environmental hazards contributes to poorer health and disproportionate health outcomes is an ongoing concern. We conducted a substantive review and critique of the literature regarding residential proximity to environmental hazards and adverse pregnancy outcomes, childhood cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses, end-stage renal disease, and diabetes. Several studies have found that living near hazardous wastes sites, industrial sites, cropland with pesticide applications, highly trafficked roads, nuclear power plants, and gas stations or repair shops is related to an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Government agencies should consider these findings in establishing rules and permitting and enforcement procedures to reduce pollution from environmentally burdensome facilities and land uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean D Brender
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, School of Rural Public Health, College Station, Texas 77843-1266, USA.
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Moore A, Enquobahrie DA. Paternal occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of neuroblastoma among children: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2011; 22:1529-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-011-9829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gunier RB, Ward MH, Airola M, Bell EM, Colt J, Nishioka M, Buffler PA, Reynolds P, Rull RP, Hertz A, Metayer C, Nuckols JR. Determinants of agricultural pesticide concentrations in carpet dust. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:970-6. [PMID: 21330232 PMCID: PMC3222988 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications has been used as a surrogate for exposure in epidemiologic studies, although little is known about the relationship with levels of pesticides in homes. OBJECTIVE We identified determinants of concentrations of agricultural pesticides in dust. METHODS We collected samples of carpet dust and mapped crops within 1,250 m of 89 residences in California. We measured concentrations of seven pesticides used extensively in agriculture (carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, chlorthal-dimethyl, diazinon, iprodione, phosmet, and simazine). We estimated use of agricultural pesticides near residences from a statewide database alone and by linking the database with crop maps. We calculated the density of pesticide use within 500 and 1,250 m of residences for 180, 365, and 730 days before collection of dust and evaluated relationships between agricultural pesticide use estimates and pesticide concentrations in carpet dust. RESULTS For five of the seven pesticides evaluated, residences with use of agricultural pesticides within 1,250 m during the previous 365 days had significantly higher concentrations of pesticides than did residences with no nearby use. The highest correlation with concentrations of pesticides was generally for use reported within 1,250 m of the residence and 730 days before sample collection. Regression models that also accounted for occupational and home use of pesticides explained only a modest amount of the variability in pesticide concentrations (4-28%). CONCLUSIONS Agricultural pesticide use near residences was a significant determinant of concentrations of pesticides in carpet dust for five of seven pesticides evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Gunier
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Berkeley, California 94704, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Lifestyle factors and environmental exposures might help explain the risk of colorectal carcinoma in countries where the incidence is low, but unique patterns of young onset and a high proportion of rectal cancer exist. METHODS We obtained detailed lifestyle information from 421 patients with colorectal cancer and 439 hospital-controls in Egypt. Logistic regression models were computed to evaluate the risk factors of colorectal carcinoma. RESULTS A history of pesticide exposure and more frequently eating food directly from farms were significantly associated with a higher risk of colorectal carcinoma (odds ratio = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.1-5.9, and odds ratio = 4.6; 95% CI = 1.5-14.6, respectively). Parous women who reported 7 or more live births or breastfed for 19 months or longer per live birth had a significantly lower risk for colorectal carcinoma (odds ratio = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.2-0.7, and odds ratio = 0.2; 95% CI = 0.1-0.4, respectively). Compared with patients aged 40 years or older, industrial exposures were more common in younger patients (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS Agricultural and industrial exposures were associated with increased risk of colorectal carcinoma, whereas prolonged lactation and increased parity were inversely associated with colorectal carcinoma in women. Further research to elucidate the biological role of intense environmental and industrial exposures and reproductive factors including lactation may further clarify the etiology of colorectal cancer.
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Rull RP, Gunier R, Von Behren J, Hertz A, Crouse V, Buffler PA, Reynolds P. Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2009; 109:891-9. [PMID: 19700145 PMCID: PMC2748130 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 07/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ambient exposure from residential proximity to applications of agricultural pesticides may contribute to the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using residential histories collected from the families of 213 ALL cases and 268 matched controls enrolled in the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study, the authors assessed residential proximity within a half-mile (804.5m) of pesticide applications by linking address histories with reports of agricultural pesticide use. Proximity was ascertained during different time windows of exposure, including the first year of life and the child's lifetime through the date of diagnosis for cases or reference for controls. Agricultural pesticides were categorized a priori into groups based on similarities in toxicological effects, physicochemical properties, and target pests or uses. The effects of moderate and high exposure for each group of pesticides were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Elevated ALL risk was associated with lifetime moderate exposure, but not high exposure, to certain physicochemical categories of pesticides, including organophosphates, chlorinated phenols, and triazines, and with pesticides classified as insecticides or fumigants. A similar pattern was also observed for several toxicological groups of pesticides. These findings suggest future directions for the identification of specific pesticides that may play a role in the etiology of childhood leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolph P Rull
- Northern California Cancer Center, 2001 Center Street, Suite 700, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
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Abstract
Cancers occurring in children are rare but tragic occurrences. Sadly, the causes of these events are poorly understood, and because of their rarity, also difficult to study. Because, with a few exceptions, there are not well established causal genetic or behavioral factors for these diseases it is not surprising that impacted families and communities have concerns about the potential role of ambient exposures in the physical environment. Although a number of fledgling studies have begun to systematically evaluate potential risks proximity to agricultural pesticide use, challenges posed by balancing the interplay of exposure mechanisms, host susceptibility, scale, and timing make this a daunting task. Future progress will require support for leveraging large and heterogeneous population studies, assembling transdisciplinary investigative teams, and for promoting creative research strategies. Such efforts will be informative for studying a host of health risks for both adults and children. In the meantime, regulatory actions such as requiring pre-market testing of new chemical compounds used in agriculture for potential adverse health effects and minimizing exposure opportunities for children and women of childbearing age to agents with known toxic properties would be a prudent course of action. We owe it to our children and our future to seriously address these issues.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009; 15:170-7. [PMID: 19225311 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0b013e3283276f69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This bibliography is compiled by clinicians from the journals listed at the end of this publication. It is based on literature entered into our database between 1 November 2007 and 31 October 2008 (articles are generally added to the database about two and a half months after publication). In addition, the bibliography contains every paper annotated by reviewers; these references were obtained from a variety of bibliographic databases and published between the beginning of the review period and the time of going to press. The bibliography has been grouped into topics that relate to the reviews in this issue.
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Deaths from pesticide poisoning in South Korea: trends over 10 years. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2008; 82:365-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-008-0343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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