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Jin L, Yu Z, Au A, Serles P, Wang N, Lant JT, Filleter T, Yip CM. P-TDHM: Open-source portable telecentric digital holographic microscope. HARDWAREX 2024; 17:e00508. [PMID: 38327674 PMCID: PMC10847153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We present the design of a low-cost, portable telecentric digital holographic microscope (P-TDHM) that utilizes off-the-shelf components. We describe the system's hardware and software elements and evaluate its performance by imaging samples ranging from nano-printed targets to live HeLa cells, HEK293 cells, and Dolichospermum via both in-line and off-axis modes. Our results demonstrate that the system can acquire high quality quantitative phase images with nanometer axial and sub-micron lateral resolution in a small form factor, making it a promising candidate for resource-limited settings and remote locations. Our design represents a significant step forward in making telecentric digital holographic microscopy accessible and affordable to the broader community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ziyang Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Aaron Au
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Nan Wang
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, 527 College Avenue, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Jeremy T. Lant
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Yip
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 164 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, 200 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Gigli L, Braidotti N, Lima MADRBF, Ciubotaru CD, Cojoc D. Label-Free Analysis of Urine Samples with In-Flow Digital Holographic Microscopy. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:789. [PMID: 37622874 PMCID: PMC10452265 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are among the most frequent infectious diseases and require screening a great amount of urine samples from patients. However, a high percentage of samples result as negative after urine culture plate tests (CPTs), demanding a simple and fast preliminary technique to screen out the negative samples. We propose a digital holographic microscopy (DHM) method to inspect fresh urine samples flowing in a glass capillary for 3 min, recording holograms at 2 frames per second. After digital reconstruction, bacteria, white and red blood cells, epithelial cells and crystals were identified and counted, and the samples were classified as negative or positive according to clinical cutoff values. Taking the CPT as reference, we processed 180 urine samples and compared the results with those of urine flow cytometry (UFC). Using standard evaluation metrics for our screening test, we found a similar performance for DHM and UFC, indicating DHM as a suitable and fast screening technique retaining several advantages. As a benefit of DHM, the technique is label-free and does not require sample preparation. Moreover, the phase and amplitude images of the cells and other particles present in urine are digitally recorded and can serve for further investigation afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gigli
- Alifax s.r.l. Via Merano, 30, Nimis, 33045 Udine, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Braidotti
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Augusta do R. B. F. Lima
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Catalin Dacian Ciubotaru
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Dan Cojoc
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Area Science Park-Basovizza, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.B.); (M.A.d.R.B.F.L.); (C.D.C.)
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3
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Bokemeyer A, Buskermolen J, Ketelhut S, Tepasse PR, Vollenberg R, Trebicka J, Schmidt HH, Vieth M, Bettenworth D, Kemper B. Quantitative Phase Imaging Using Digital Holographic Microscopy to Assess the Degree of Intestinal Inflammation in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4067. [PMID: 37373760 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colorectum. Histological remission has emerged as a potential future treatment goal; however, the histopathological assessment of intestinal inflammation in UC remains challenging with a multitude of available scoring systems and the need for a pathologist with expertise in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In previous studies, quantitative phase imaging (QPI) including digital holographic microscopy (DHM) was successfully applied as an objective method for stain-free quantification of the degree of inflammation in tissue sections. Here, we evaluated the application of DHM for the quantitative assessment of histopathological inflammation in patients with UC. In our study, endoscopically obtained colonic and rectal mucosal biopsy samples from 21 patients with UC were analyzed by capturing DHM-based QPI images that were subsequently evaluated using the subepithelial refractive index (RI). The retrieved RI data were correlated with established histological scoring systems including the Nancy index (NI) as well as with endoscopic and clinical findings. As a primary endpoint, we found a significant correlation between the DHM-based retrieved RI and the NI (R2 = 0.251, p < 0.001). Furthermore, RI values correlated with the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES; R2 = 0.176, p < 0.001). An area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of 0.820 confirms the subepithelial RI as a reliable parameter to distinguish biopsies with histologically active UC from biopsies without evidence of active disease as determined by conventional histopathological examination. An RI higher than 1.3488 was found to be the most sensitive and specific cut-off value to identify histologically active UC (sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 72%). In conclusion, our data demonstrate DHM to be a reliable tool for the quantitative assessment of mucosal inflammation in patients with UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Bokemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Joost Buskermolen
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Phil-Robin Tepasse
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Richard Vollenberg
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Hartmut H Schmidt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institut für Pathologie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dominik Bettenworth
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- CED Schwerpunktpraxis Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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Mach M, Stašík M, Kaván F, Mokrý P, Lédl V, Psota P. Subaperture stitching digital holographic microscopy for precise wear volume measurement in tribology. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:2137-2144. [PMID: 37133103 DOI: 10.1364/ao.484468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an effective method for the evaluation of surface topography. It combines the high lateral resolution of microscopy with the high axial resolution of interferometry. In this paper, DHM with subaperture stitching for tribology is presented. The developed approach allows large surface area inspection by stitching together multiple measurements, which brings a big advantage to the evaluation of tribological tests such as a tribological track on a thin layer. The whole track measurement provides additional parameters, which can offer more information on the result of the tribological test than the conventional four-profile measurement by a contact profilometer.
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Jin L, Yu Z, Au A, Yip CM. Practical approach for optimizing off-axis telecentric digital holographic microscope design. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:10490-10498. [PMID: 36607111 DOI: 10.1364/ao.476308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has become an attractive imaging tool for the analysis of living cells and histological tissues. Telecentric DHM (TDHM) is a configuration of DHM that reduces the computational demands through a priori aberration corrections. However, TDHM requires a well-aligned optical pipeline to optimize its resolution and image quality (IQ), which has traditionally complicated the alignment process. Derived from optical interference functions, we offer here a set of methodologies to simplify TDHM design and alignment by determining the optimal +1-order position, which depends on the object-reference beam angle and the interference plane rotation angle. The methods are then experimentally tested and verified on a TDHM system by imaging living HeLa cells in suspension.
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6
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Huang SS, Lin YH, Wu SJ, Sung KB. Specific refraction-index increments of oxygenated hemoglobin from thalassemia-minor patients are not significantly different than those from healthy individuals. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9334-9341. [PMID: 36606879 DOI: 10.1364/ao.474991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mass and concentration of hemoglobin per erythrocyte are important hematological parameters. Measuring these parameters from intact erythrocytes requires the value of specific refraction-index increment (RII) of oxygenated hemoglobin, which diverges in the literature. Refractive indices of hemoglobin solutions are measured directly by digital holographic microscopy on a microfluidic channel filled with hemoglobin solutions prepared by hemolysis of fresh human erythrocytes and refractive-index standards sequentially. Hemoglobin extracted from thalassemic patients shows 3-4% higher RII than that from healthy volunteers, but the difference is not significant in comparison to inter-subject variations within each group. The quantified RIIs are applied to quantify mean corpuscular hemoglobin mass of blood from 37 human subjects, and results are in accord with standard clinical test results.
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7
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Zeng T, Zhu Y, Lam EY. Deep learning for digital holography: a review. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:40572-40593. [PMID: 34809394 DOI: 10.1364/oe.443367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the unprecedented progress of deep learning applications in digital holography (DH). Nevertheless, there remain huge potentials in how deep learning can further improve performance and enable new functionalities for DH. Here, we survey recent developments in various DH applications powered by deep learning algorithms. This article starts with a brief introduction to digital holographic imaging, then summarizes the most relevant deep learning techniques for DH, with discussions on their benefits and challenges. We then present case studies covering a wide range of problems and applications in order to highlight research achievements to date. We provide an outlook of several promising directions to widen the use of deep learning in various DH applications.
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Castaneda R, Doblas A. Fast-iterative automatic reconstruction method for quantitative phase image with reduced phase perturbations in off-axis digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:10214-10220. [PMID: 34807130 DOI: 10.1364/ao.437640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This works presents a reconstruction algorithm to recover the complex object information for an off-axis digital holographic microscope (DHM) operating in the telecentric regimen. We introduce an automatic and fast method to minimize a cost function that finds the best numerical conjugated reference beam to compensate the filtered object information, eliminating any undesired phase perturbation due to the tilt between the reference and object waves. The novelties of the proposed approach, to the best of our knowledge, are a precise estimation of the interference angle between the object and reference waves, reconstructed phase images without phase perturbations, and reduced processing time. The method has been validated using a manufactured phase target and biological samples.
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9
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Unexpected localization of AQP3 and AQP4 induced by migration of primary cultured IMCD cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11930. [PMID: 34099798 PMCID: PMC8185088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-2-4 (AQP) are expressed in the principal cells of the renal collecting duct (CD). Beside their role in water transport across membranes, several studies showed that AQPs can influence the migration of cells. It is unknown whether this also applies for renal CD cells. Another fact is that the expression of these AQPs is highly modulated by the external osmolality. Here we analyzed the localization of AQP2-4 in primary cultured renal inner medullary CD (IMCD) cells and how osmolality influences the migration behavior of these cells. The primary IMCD cells showed a collective migration behavior and there were no differences in the migration speed between cells cultivated either at 300 or 600 mosmol/kg. Acute increase from 300 to 600 mosmol/kg led to a marked reduction and vice versa an acute decrease from 600 to 300 mosmol/kg to a marked increase in migration speed. Interestingly, none of the analyzed AQPs were localized at the leading edge. While AQP3 disappeared within the first 2-3 rows of cells, AQP4 was enriched at the rear end. Further analysis indicated that migration induced lysosomal degradation of AQP3. This could be prevented by activation of the protein kinase A, inducing localization of AQP3 and AQP2 at the leading edge and increasing the migration speed.
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Balasubramani V, Kuś A, Tu HY, Cheng CJ, Baczewska M, Krauze W, Kujawińska M. Holographic tomography: techniques and biomedical applications [Invited]. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:B65-B80. [PMID: 33798138 DOI: 10.1364/ao.416902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Holographic tomography (HT) is an advanced label-free optical microscopic imaging method used for biological studies. HT uses digital holographic microscopy to record the complex amplitudes of a biological sample as digital holograms and then numerically reconstruct the sample's refractive index (RI) distribution in three dimensions. The RI values are a key parameter for label-free bio-examination, which correlate with metabolic activities and spatiotemporal distribution of biophysical parameters of cells and their internal organelles, tissues, and small-scale biological objects. This article provides insight on this rapidly growing HT field of research and its applications in biology. We present a review summary of the HT principle and highlight recent technical advancement in HT and its applications.
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Rastogi V, Agarwal S, Dubey SK, Khan GS, Shakher C. Design and development of volume phase holographic grating based digital holographic interferometer for label-free quantitative cell imaging. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:3773-3783. [PMID: 32400505 DOI: 10.1364/ao.387620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a volume phase holographic optical element based digital holographic interferometer is designed and used for quantitative phase imaging of biological cells [white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria cells]. The experimental results reveal that sharp images of the S. aureus bacteria cells of the order of ${\sim}{1}\;{\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}}$∼1µm can be clearly seen. The volume phase holographic grating will remove the stray light from the system reaching toward the grating and will minimize the coherent noise (speckle noise). This will improve the sharpness in the image reconstructed from the recorded digital hologram.
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12
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Ahmadzadeh E, Jaferzadeh K, Shin S, Moon I. Automated single cardiomyocyte characterization by nucleus extraction from dynamic holographic images using a fully convolutional neural network. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1501-1516. [PMID: 32206425 PMCID: PMC7075611 DOI: 10.1364/boe.385218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) beating can be efficiently characterized by time-lapse quantitative phase imaging (QPIs) obtained by digital holographic microscopy. Particularly, the CM's nucleus section can precisely reflect the associated rhythmic beating pattern of the CM suitable for subsequent beating pattern characterization. In this paper, we describe an automated method to characterize single CMs by nucleus extraction from QPIs and subsequent beating pattern reconstruction and quantification. However, accurate CM's nucleus extraction from the QPIs is a challenging task due to the variations in shape, size, orientation, and lack of special geometry. To this end, we propose a novel fully convolutional neural network (FCN)-based network architecture for accurate CM's nucleus extraction using pixel classification technique and subsequent beating pattern characterization. Our experimental results show that the beating profile of multiple extracted single CMs is less noisy and more informative compared to the whole image slide. Applying this method allows CM characterization at the single-cell level. Consequently, several single CMs are extracted from the whole slide QPIs and multiple parameters regarding their beating profile of each isolated CM are efficiently measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezat Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
| | - Keyvan Jaferzadeh
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Seokjoo Shin
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Moon
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
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Pied N, Wodrich H. Imaging the adenovirus infection cycle. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3419-3448. [PMID: 31758703 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Incoming adenoviruses seize control of cytosolic transport mechanisms to relocate their genome from the cell periphery to specialized sites in the nucleoplasm. The nucleus is the site for viral gene expression, genome replication, and the production of progeny for the next round of infection. By taking control of the cell, adenoviruses also suppress cell-autonomous immunity responses. To succeed in their production cycle, adenoviruses rely on well-coordinated steps, facilitated by interactions between viral proteins and cellular factors. Interactions between virus and host can impose remarkable morphological changes in the infected cell. Imaging adenoviruses has tremendously influenced how we delineate individual steps in the viral life cycle, because it allowed the development of specific optical markers to label these morphological changes in space and time. As technology advances, innovative imaging techniques and novel tools for specimen labeling keep uncovering previously unseen facets of adenovirus biology emphasizing why imaging adenoviruses is as attractive today as it was in the past. This review will summarize past achievements and present developments in adenovirus imaging centered on fluorescence microscopy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Pied
- CNRS UMR 5234, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Harald Wodrich
- CNRS UMR 5234, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, Université de Bordeaux, France
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Rappaz B, Jourdain P, Banfi D, Kuttler F, Marquet P, Turcatti G. Image-Based Marker-Free Screening of GABA A Agonists, Antagonists, and Modulators. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 25:458-470. [PMID: 31779505 PMCID: PMC7243081 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219887142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The ionotropic GABAA receptors represent the main target for different groups of widely used drugs having hypnotic and anxiolytic effects. So far, most approaches used to assess GABA activity involve invasive low -throughput electrophysiological techniques or rely on fluorescent dyes, preventing the ability to conduct noninvasive and thus nonperturbing screens. To address this limitation, we have developed an automated marker-free cell imaging method, based on digital holographic microscopy (DHM). This technology allows the automatically screening of compounds in multiple plates without having to label the cells or use special plates. This methodological approach was first validated by screening the GABAA receptor expressed in HEK cells using a selection of active compounds in agonist, antagonist, and modulator modes. Then, in a second blind screen of a library of 3041 compounds (mostly composed of natural products), 5 compounds having a specific agonist action on the GABAA receptor were identified. The hits validated from this unbiased screen were the natural products muscimol, neurosteroid alphaxalone, and three compounds belonging to the avermectin family, all known for having an agonistic effect on the GABAA receptor. The results obtained were exempt from false negatives (structurally similar unassigned hits), and false-positive hits were detected and discarded without the need for performing electrophysiological measurements. The outcome of the screen demonstrates the applicability of our screening by imaging method for the discovery of new chemical structures, particularly regarding chemicals interacting with the ionotropic GABAA receptor and more generally with any ligand-gated ion channels and transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rappaz
- Biomolecular Screening Facility (BSF), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Jourdain
- Joint International Research Unit in Child Psychiatry, Département de Psychiatrie CHUV, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.,Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Damiano Banfi
- Biomolecular Screening Facility (BSF), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Kuttler
- Biomolecular Screening Facility (BSF), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Joint International Research Unit in Child Psychiatry, Département de Psychiatrie CHUV, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.,Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche CERVO, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility (BSF), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Min J, Yao B, Trendafilova V, Ketelhut S, Kastl L, Greve B, Kemper B. Quantitative phase imaging of cells in a flow cytometry arrangement utilizing Michelson interferometer-based off-axis digital holographic microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900085. [PMID: 31169960 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We combined Michelson-interferometer-based off-axis digital holographic microscopy (DHM) with a common flow cytometry (FCM) arrangement. Utilizing object recognition procedures and holographic autofocusing during the numerical reconstruction of the acquired off-axis holograms, sharply focused quantitative phase images of suspended cells in flow were retrieved without labeling, from which biophysical cellular features of distinct cells, such as cell radius, refractive index and dry mass, can be subsequently retrieved in an automated manner. The performance of the proposed concept was first characterized by investigations on microspheres that were utilized as test standards. Then, we analyzed two types of pancreatic tumor cells with different morphology to further verify the applicability of the proposed method for quantitative live cell imaging. The retrieved biophysical datasets from cells in flow are found in good agreement with results from comparative investigations with previously developed DHM methods under static conditions, which demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of our approach. Our results contribute to the establishment of DHM in imaging FCM and prospect to broaden the application spectrum of FCM by providing complementary quantitative imaging as well as additional biophysical cell parameters which are not accessible in current high-throughput FCM measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Min
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lena Kastl
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology-, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Amann S, Witzleben MV, Breuer S. 3D-printable portable open-source platform for low-cost lens-less holographic cellular imaging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11260. [PMID: 31375772 PMCID: PMC6677730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy is an emerging, potentially low-cost alternative to conventional light microscopy for micro-object imaging on earth, underwater and in space. Immediate access to micron-scale objects however requires a well-balanced system design and sophisticated reconstruction algorithms, that are commercially available, however not accessible cost-efficiently. Here, we present an open-source implementation of a lens-less digital inline holographic microscope platform, based on off-the-shelf optical, electronic and mechanical components, costing less than $190. It employs a Blu-Ray semiconductor-laser-pickup or a light-emitting-diode, a pinhole, a 3D-printed housing consisting of 3 parts and a single-board portable computer and camera with an open-source implementation of the Fresnel-Kirchhoff routine. We demonstrate 1.55 μm spatial resolution by laser-pickup and 3.91 μm by the light-emitting-diode source. The housing and mechanical components are 3D printed. Both printer and reconstruction software source codes are open. The light-weight microscope allows to image label-free micro-spheres of 6.5 μm diameter, human red-blood-cells of about 8 μm diameter as well as fast-growing plant Nicotiana-tabacum-BY-2 suspension cells with 50 μm sizes. The imaging capability is validated by imaging-contrast quantification involving a standardized test target. The presented 3D-printable portable open-source platform represents a fully-open design, low-cost modular and versatile imaging-solution for use in high- and low-resource areas of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Amann
- Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 7, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Max von Witzleben
- Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 7, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Breuer
- Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 7, 64289, Darmstadt, Germany.
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17
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Park SJ, Kim BM, Kim ES. Alignment-tolerant single-shot digital holographic microscopy based on computer-controlled telecentricity. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:3260-3271. [PMID: 31044803 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.003260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An alignment-tolerant telecentric digital holographic microscopy (AT-T-DHM) system based on computer-controlled telecentricity is proposed. It consists of a three-step process-optical recording, computational compensation, and retrieving processes. With a tube-lens-based two-beam interferometer, phase information of the object is recorded on the hologram, where another optical quadratic phase error (O-QPE) due to the misalignment of the tube lens happens to be added. In the computational compensation process, this phase error can be estimated, by which the O-QPE is balanced out from the recorded hologram. Then, only the phase information of the object can be retrieved from the O-QPE-compensated hologram. This computational compensation process makes the proposed system virtually operate in a telecentric imaging mode, which enables implementing a practical AT-T-DHM. Wave-optical analysis and experiments with a test object confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.
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18
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Picazo-Bueno JA, Trusiak M, Micó V. Single-shot slightly off-axis digital holographic microscopy with add-on module based on beamsplitter cube. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:5655-5669. [PMID: 30876163 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.005655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Slightly off-axis digital holographic microscopy (SO-DHM) has recently emerged as a novel experimental arrangement for quantitative phase imaging (QPI). It offers improved capabilities in conventional on-axis and off-axis interferometric configurations. In this contribution, we report on a single-shot SO-DHM approach based on an add-on module adapted to the exit port of a regular microscope. The module employs a beamsplitter (BS) cube interferometer and includes, in addition, a Stokes lens (SL) for astigmatism compensation. Each recorded frame contains two fields of view (FOVs) of the sample, where each FOV is a hologram which is phase shifted by π rads with respect to the other. These two simultaneously recorded holograms are numerically processed, in order to retrieve complex amplitude distribution with enhanced quality. The tradeoff is done in the FOV which becomes penalized as a consequence of the simultaneous recording of the two holograms in a single snapshot. Experimental validation is presented for a wide variety of samples using a regular Olympus BX-60 upright microscope. The proposed approach provides an optimized use of the imaging system, in terms of the space-bandwidth product, in comparison with off-axis configuration; allows the analysis of fast-dynamic events, owing to its single-shot capability when compared with on-axis arrangement; and becomes easily implementable in conventional white-light microscopes for upgrading them into holographic microscopes for QPI.
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19
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Chen X, Shen Z, He Y, Guan T, He Q, Wang B, Xie L, Feng G, Lu B, Zhou X, Liu J, Fan Z. Dual-wavelength digital holographic phase and fluorescence microscopy combining with Raman spectroscopy for micro-quartz pieces-based dual-channel encoded suspension array. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:1894-1910. [PMID: 30732236 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.001894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual-wavelength digital holographic phase and fluorescence microscopy (DW-DHPFM), combining with Raman spectroscopy, is designed to achieve the detection and analysis of biomolecules with a new dual-channel encoding method. This employs the Raman reporter molecules assembled micro-quartz pieces (MQPs) as microcarriers of suspension array (SA). The dual-wavelength digital holographic phase microscopy (DW-DHPM) and Raman spectroscopy are served as the decoding platforms, and the fluorescence microscopy is used to quantify target analytes. Considering the independence between encoding and label signal, the above two encoding channels could effectively avoid the crosstalk in immunoassay process, and the combination of two encoding methods expand the encoding capacity with a considerable magnitude. Accurate and stable decoding abilities are verified by multiplexed immunoassay experiment and the quantitative analysis of targets with high-sensitivity is confirmed by concentration gradient experiments.
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20
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Zhang X, Sun J, Zhang Z, Fan Y, Chen Q, Zuo C. Multi-step phase aberration compensation method based on optimal principal component analysis and subsampling for digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:389-397. [PMID: 30645316 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a well-known powerful technique allowing measurement of the spatial distributions of both the amplitude and phase produced by a transparent sample. Nevertheless, in order to improve the transverse resolution of the DHM system, a microscope objective has to be introduced in the object beam path, which inevitably leads to phase aberration in the object wavefront. In recent decades, a multitude of techniques have been proposed to compensate for this phase aberration, and the principal component analysis (PCA) technique has proven to be one of the most promising approaches due to its high compensation accuracy, low computational complexity, and simplicity to implement. However, when it comes to high-order phase aberration, which is common for a mal-aligned DHM system, the PCA technique usually performs poorly since it is unable to fit the cross-terms of the standard Zernike polynomials. To address this problem, here we propose a multi-step phase-aberration-compensation method based on optimal PCA and sub-sampling where PCA is first applied to remove the non-cross-aberration terms, followed by sub-sampled fitting for the remaining cross-aberration correction. The key advantage of our approach is that it can handle both the conventional objective phase curvature and high-order aberrations such as astigmatism and anamorphism with very little computational overhead. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, and the compensation results are consistent with those obtained from the double-exposure method.
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21
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Agour M, Falldorf C, Bergmann RB. Spatial multiplexing and autofocus in holographic contouring for inspection of micro-parts. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:28576-28588. [PMID: 30470032 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.028576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a method for fast geometrical inspection of micro deep drawing parts. It is based on single-shot two-wavelength contouring digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Within the capturing process, spatial multiplexing is utilized in order to record the two required holograms in a single-shot. For fast evaluation, determining the locations where the object is in focus and stitching all focus object's areas together is achieved digitally without the need for any external intervention using an autofocus algorithm. Thus, the limited depth of focus of the microscope objective is improved. The autofocus algorithm is based on minimizing the total variation (TV) of phase difference residuals of the two-wavelength measurements. In contrast to standard DHM, an object side telecentric microscope objective is used for overcoming the image scaling distortions caused by a conventional microscope objective. The method is used to reconstruct the 3D geometrical shape of a cold drawing micro cup. Experimental results verify the improvement of DHM's depth of focus.
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22
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Jaferzadeh K, Moon I, Bardyn M, Prudent M, Tissot JD, Rappaz B, Javidi B, Turcatti G, Marquet P. Quantification of stored red blood cell fluctuations by time-lapse holographic cell imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:4714-4729. [PMID: 30319898 PMCID: PMC6179419 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.004714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose methods to quantitatively calculate the fluctuation rate of red blood cells with nanometric axial and millisecond temporal sensitivity at the single-cell level by using time-lapse holographic cell imaging. For this quantitative analysis, cell membrane fluctuations (CMFs) were measured for RBCs stored at different storage times. Measurements were taken over the whole membrane for both the ring and dimple sections separately. The measurements show that healthy RBCs that maintain their discocyte shape become stiffer with storage time. The correlation analysis demonstrates a significant negative correlation between CMFs and the sphericity coefficient, which characterizes the morphological type of erythrocyte. In addition, we show the correlation results between CMFs and other morphological properties such as projected surface area, surface area, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Jaferzadeh
- Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Moon
- Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, 333 Techno Jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Manon Bardyn
- Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Michel Prudent
- Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Daniel Tissot
- Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Rappaz
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bahram Javidi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, U-2157, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Centre de recherche CERVO, 2601 chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC G1J 2G3, Canada
- International Joint Research Unit in Child Psychiatry, Département de Psychiatrie CHUV, Prilly Lausanne, Switzerland, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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23
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Pitkäaho T, Pitkäkangas V, Niemelä M, Rajput SK, Nishchal NK, Naughton TJ. Space-variant video compression and processing in digital holographic microscopy sensor networks with application to potable water monitoring. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:E190-E198. [PMID: 30117884 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.00e190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Water-related diseases affect societies in all parts of the world. Online sensors are considered a solution to the problems associated with laboratory testing in potable water. One of the most active research areas of such online sensors has been within optics. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has the potential to rival state-of-the-art techniques such as advanced turbidity measurement. However, its use as an online sensor is limited by the large data requirements typical for digital holographic video. In this paper, we provide a solution that permits DHM to be applied to a whole class of online remote sensor networks, of which potable water analysis is one example. The designed sensors incorporate a novel space-variant quantization algorithm to preprocess each frame of a video sequence before transmission over a network. The system satisfies the generally accepted requirements of an online system: automated, near real-time, and operating in a real environment. To verify the effectiveness of the design, we implemented and evaluated it in an active potable water facility.
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24
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Quantitative Phase Imaging for Label-Free Analysis of Cancer Cells—Focus on Digital Holographic Microscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Liu S, Lian Q, Qing Y, Xu Z. Automatic phase aberration compensation for digital holographic microscopy based on phase variation minimization. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:1870-1873. [PMID: 29652386 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose a numerical and totally automatic phase aberration compensation method in digital holographic microscopy. The phase aberrations are extracted in a nonlinear optimization procedure in which the phase variation of the reconstructed object wave is minimized. Not only phase curvature but also high-order aberrations could be corrected without extra devices. The correction is directly carried out with the wrapped phase map, which is not affected by phase unwrapping or fitting errors. Numerical simulation proves that the proposed method is more accurate than the conventional surface fitting method without selecting a cell-free background. Experimental results demonstrate the availability of the proposed method in real-time analysis of living cells.
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26
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León-Rodríguez M, Rayas JA, Cordero RR, Martínez-García A, Martínez-Gonzalez A, Téllez-Quiñones A, Yañez-Contreras P, Medina-Cázares O. Dual-plane slightly off-axis digital holography based on a single cube beam splitter. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:2727-2735. [PMID: 29714259 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.002727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to recover the holographic object information, a method based on the recording of two digital holograms, not only at different planes but also in a slightly off-axis scheme, is presented. By introducing a π-phase shift in the reference wave, the zero-order diffracted term and the twin image are removed in the frequency domain during the processing of the recorded holograms. We show that the zero-order elimination by the phase-shifted holograms is better than working with weak-order beam and average intensity removal methods. For recording experimentally two π-shifted holograms at different planes slightly off-axis, a single cube beam splitter is used. Computer simulations and experimental results, carried out to validate our proposal, show a high accuracy of π/14 that can be comparable with phase-shifting digital holography. For high fringe spacing, our proposal could be applied in electron holography, avoiding high voltage in a biprism.
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27
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Wu Y, Cheng H, Wen Y. High-precision rotation angle measurement method based on a lensless digital holographic microscope. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:112-118. [PMID: 29328121 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To accurately measure ultrasmall rotation angles, a robust and effective method based on lensless digital holographic microscopy is proposed in this paper. The method combines holographic microscopy, solid geometry, and 3D measurement, including holographic measurement and angle measurement processes. We can calculate the 3D shape by the angular spectrum algorithm and the least-squares phase-unwrapping algorithm in the holographic process. According to the relationship between the surface shape and rotation angles, the real-time rotation angles can be calculated. To validate the feasibility and practicability of the proposed approach, numerical noise simulations and experiments were performed. The measurement precision of rotation angle can reach 0.5″ in the range of 1000″ in this paper's experiments. The holographic method has high measurement precision and good stability. In addition, the compact small volume has great potential in small-angle sensor applications.
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28
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Cao R, Xiao W, Wu X, Sun L, Pan F. Quantitative observations on cytoskeleton changes of osteocytes at different cell parts using digital holographic microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:72-85. [PMID: 29359088 PMCID: PMC5772590 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeletons such as F-actin have different distributions in different cell parts and they are the cause of different degrees of cell collapse when the F-actin is disrupted. It is challenging to use conventional methods such as fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy to conduct real-time and three-dimensional observations on the dynamic processes at different cell parts due to the slow measuring speed and the need for live-cell staining. In this study, the morphological variations of different bone cell parts caused by F-actin disruption are dynamically measured by using digital holographic microscopy (DHM). We separately analyze local parameters (cell height and cell width) and global parameters (cell projected area and cell volume) of cells to address variations of specific cell areas and quantify the changing process of the whole cell. We found significant differences in temporal variations of both local and global cell parameters between the cell body and cell process, which is consistent with the qualitative observation by fluorescence staining. Our study not only validates the unique ability of DHM to simultaneously investigate the dynamic process at different cell parts, but also provides sufficient experimental bases for exploring the mechanism for F-actin disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xintong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lianwen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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29
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Castañeda R, Garcia-Sucerquia J. Single-shot 3D topography of reflective samples with digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:A12-A18. [PMID: 29328124 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000a12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an off-axis digital holographic microscope operating in reflection mode and a telecentric regimen to produce 3D topography of a microscopy sample is shown. The main characteristics of the proposed method, which make it different from the previous works in the field, are the possibility of producing the 3D topography by a single shot over the complete field of view with sensitivity of λ/100, without phase perturbations introduced by the illuminating-imaging system, and with no further numerical processing beyond that required for recovering the phase map of the sample. A complete analysis of the illuminating-imaging system of the digital holographic microscope is presented. The proposed digital holographic microscope is tested on imaging a USAF resolution test target and some micro-electromechanical systems (MEMs).
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30
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Kaiser M, Pohl L, Ketelhut S, Kastl L, Gorzelanny C, Götte M, Schnekenburger J, Goycoolea FM, Kemper B. Nanoencapsulated capsaicin changes migration behavior and morphology of madin darby canine kidney cell monolayers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187497. [PMID: 29107993 PMCID: PMC5673207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a drug delivery nanosystem based on chitosan and capsaicin. Both substances have a wide range of biological activities. We investigated the nanosystem’s influence on migration and morphology of Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK-C7) epithelial cells in comparison to the capsaicin-free nanoformulation, free capsaicin, and control cells. For minimally-invasive quantification of cell migration, we applied label-free digital holographic microscopy (DHM) and single-cell tracking. Moreover, quantitative DHM phase images were used as novel stain-free assay to quantify the temporal course of global cellular morphology changes in confluent cell layers. Cytoskeleton alterations and tight junction protein redistributions were complementary analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Calcium influx measurements were conducted to characterize the influence of the nanoformulations and capsaicin on ion channel activities. We found that both, capsaicin-loaded and unloaded chitosan nanocapsules, and also free capsaicin, have a significant impact on directed cell migration and cellular motility. Increase of velocity and directionality of cell migration correlates with changes in the cell layer surface roughness, tight junction integrity and cytoskeleton alterations. Calcium influx into cells occurred only after nanoformulation treatment but not upon addition of free capsaicin. Our results pave the way for further studies on the biological significance of these findings and potential biomedical applications, e.g. as drug and gene carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Kaiser
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossgarten 3, Münster, Germany
| | - Luisa Pohl
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, Germany
| | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Kastl
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schnekenburger
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, Germany
| | - Francisco M. Goycoolea
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Schlossgarten 3, Münster, Germany
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (FMG); (BK)
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, Germany
- * E-mail: (FMG); (BK)
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31
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Trujillo C, Garcia-Sucerquia J. Cooperative execution of auto-focusing metrics in digital lensless holographic microscopy for internal-structured samples. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:5877-5882. [PMID: 29047904 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.005877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cooperative execution of two metrics to automatically determine the best focal plane in digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) is presented. This proposal is comprised of two stages: first, a quick coarse search over the whole reconstruction range by using Dubois's metric allows the finding of a range in which the best focal plane can be found. In a second stage, the modified enclosed energy (MEE) metric is used within the found range in the former stage to finely determine the best focal plane. While this cooperative implementation keeps the proven effectiveness of the MEE in DLHM, it reduces by at least 11 times the total computational complexity of the auto-focusing method with respect to the MEE method only. This proposal has been validated experimentally with DLHM holograms of a paramecium specimen, polystyrene beads, and the section of the head of a Drosophila melanogaster fly.
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32
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Lai S, Centi S, Borri C, Ratto F, Cavigli L, Micheletti F, Kemper B, Ketelhut S, Kozyreva T, Gonnelli L, Rossi F, Colagrande S, Pini R. A multifunctional organosilica cross-linker for the bio-conjugation of gold nanorods. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 157:174-181. [PMID: 28586730 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on the use of organosilica shells to couple gold nanorods to functional peptides and modulate their physiochemical and biological profiles. In particular, we focus on the case of cell penetrating peptides, which are used to load tumor-tropic macrophages and implement an innovative drug delivery system for photothermal and photoacoustic applications. The presence of organosilica exerts subtle effects on multiple parameters of the particles, including their size, shape, electrokinetic potential, photostability, kinetics of endocytic uptake and cytotoxicity, which are investigated by the interplay of colorimetric methods and digital holographic microscopy. As a rule of thumb, as the thickness of organosilica increases from none to ∼30nm, we find an improvement of the photophysical performances at the expense of a deterioration of the biological parameters. Therefore, detailed engineering of the particles for a certain application will require a careful trade-off between photophysical and biological specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lai
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sonia Centi
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudia Borri
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Lucia Cavigli
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Filippo Micheletti
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Bjӧrn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | | | - Francesca Rossi
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Colagrande
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Vijayarathna S, Chen Y, Kanwar JR, Sasidharan S. Standardized Polyalthia longifolia leaf extract (PLME) inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis: The anti-cancer study with various microscopy methods. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:366-377. [PMID: 28463800 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years a number of microscopy methods have been developed to assess the changes in cells. Some non-invasive techniques such as holographic digital microscopy (HDM), which although does not destroy the cells, but helps to monitor the events that leads to initiation of apoptotic cell death. In this study, the apoptogenic property and the cytotoxic effect of P. longifolia leaf methanolic extract (PLME) against the human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) was studied using light microscope (LM), holographic digital microscopy (HDM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The average IC50 value of PLME against HeLa cells obtained by MTT and CyQuant assay was 22.00μg/mL at 24h. However, noncancerous Vero cells tested with PLME exhibited no cytotoxicity with the IC50 value of 51.07μg/mL at 24h by using MTT assay. Cytological observations showed nuclear condensation, cell shrinkage, multinucleation, abnormalities of mitochondrial cristae, membrane blebbing, disappearance of microvilli and filopodia, narrowing of lamellipodia, holes, formation of numerous smaller vacuoles, cytoplasmic extrusions and formation of apoptotic bodies as confirmed collectively by HDM, LM, SEM and TEM. In conclusion, PLME was able to produce distinctive morphological features of HeLa cell death that corresponds to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundararajan Vijayarathna
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Dental Research & Training Unit, and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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Gjörloff-Wingren A. Quantitative phase-contrast imaging-A potential tool for future cancer diagnostics. Cytometry A 2017; 91:752-753. [PMID: 28384396 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kastl L, Isbach M, Dirksen D, Schnekenburger J, Kemper B. Quantitative phase imaging for cell culture quality control. Cytometry A 2017; 91:470-481. [PMID: 28264140 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential of quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with digital holographic microscopy (DHM) for quantification of cell culture quality was explored. Label-free QPI of detached single cells in suspension was performed by Michelson interferometer-based self-interference DHM. Two pancreatic tumor cell lines were chosen as cellular model and analyzed for refractive index, volume, and dry mass under varying culture conditions. Firstly, adequate cell numbers for reliable statistics were identified. Then, to characterize the performance and reproducibility of the method, we compared results from independently repeated measurements and quantified the cellular response to osmolality changes of the cell culture medium. Finally, it was demonstrated that the evaluation of QPI images allows the extraction of absolute cell parameters which are related to cell layer confluence states. In summary, the results show that QPI enables label-free imaging cytometry, which provides novel complementary integral biophysical data sets for sophisticated quantification of cell culture quality with minimized sample preparation. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Kastl
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, Muenster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Michael Isbach
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, Muenster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Dieter Dirksen
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials, University of Muenster, Waldeyerstraße 30, Muenster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schnekenburger
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, Muenster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, Muenster, D-48149, Germany
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Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometric microscopy with wideband sensitivity enhancement for quantitative phase imaging in real time. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9. [PMID: 28148959 PMCID: PMC5428360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-time quantitative phase imaging has tremendous potential in investigating live biological specimens in vitro. Here we report on a wideband sensitivity-enhanced interferometric microscopy for quantitative phase imaging in real time by employing two quadriwave lateral shearing interferometers based on randomly encoded hybrid gratings with different lateral shears. Theoretical framework to analyze the measurement sensitivity is firstly proposed, from which the optimal lateral shear pair for sensitivity enhancement is also derived. To accelerate the phase retrieval algorithm for real-time visualization, we develop a fully vectorized path-independent differential leveling phase unwrapping algorithm ready for parallel computing, and the framerate for retrieving the phase from each pair of two 4 mega pixel interferograms is able to reach 47.85 frames per second. Experiment results demonstrate that the wideband sensitivity-enhanced interferometric microscopy is capable of eliminating all the periodical error caused by spectral leaking problem and reducing the temporal standard deviation to the half level compared with phase directly retrieved by the interferogram. Due to its high adaptability, the wideband sensitivity-enhanced interferometric microscopy is promising in retrofitting existing microscopes to quantitative phase microscopes with high measurement precision and real-time visualization.
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Trujillo C, Castañeda R, Piedrahita-Quintero P, Garcia-Sucerquia J. Automatic full compensation of quantitative phase imaging in off-axis digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:10299-10306. [PMID: 28059249 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.010299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An automatic method that fully compensates the quantitative phase measurements in off-axis digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is presented. The two main perturbations of the quantitative phase measurements in off-axis DHM are automatically removed. While the curvature phase flaw introduced by the microscope objective is avoided by the use of an optimized telecentric imaging system for the recording of the holograms, the remaining phase perturbation due to the tilt of the reference wave is removed by the automatic computation of a digital compensating reference wave. The method has been tested on both nonbiological and biological samples with and improving on the quality of the recovered phase maps.
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Jaferzadeh K, Gholami S, Moon I. Lossless and lossy compression of quantitative phase images of red blood cells obtained by digital holographic imaging. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:10409-10416. [PMID: 28059271 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.010409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate lossless and lossy compression techniques to compress quantitative phase images of red blood cells (RBCs) obtained by an off-axis digital holographic microscopy (DHM). The RBC phase images are numerically reconstructed from their digital holograms and are stored in 16-bit unsigned integer format. In the case of lossless compression, predictive coding of JPEG lossless (JPEG-LS), JPEG2000, and JP3D are evaluated, and compression ratio (CR) and complexity (compression time) are compared against each other. It turns out that JP2k can outperform other methods by having the best CR. In the lossy case, JP2k and JP3D with different CRs are examined. Because some data is lost in a lossy way, the degradation level is measured by comparing different morphological and biochemical parameters of RBC before and after compression. Morphological parameters are volume, surface area, RBC diameter, sphericity index, and the biochemical cell parameter is mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). Experimental results show that JP2k outperforms JP3D not only in terms of mean square error (MSE) when CR increases, but also in compression time in the lossy compression way. In addition, our compression results with both algorithms demonstrate that with high CR values the three-dimensional profile of RBC can be preserved and morphological and biochemical parameters can still be within the range of reported values.
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Pandiyan VP, Khare K, John R. Quantitative phase imaging of live cells with near on-axis digital holographic microscopy using constrained optimization approach. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:106003. [PMID: 27768784 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.10.106003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a single-shot near on-axis digital holographic microscope that uses a constrained optimization approach for retrieval of the complex object function in the hologram plane. The recovered complex object is back-propagated from the hologram plane to image plane using the Fresnel back-propagation algorithm. A numerical aberration compensation algorithm is employed for correcting the aberrations in the object beam. The reference beam angle is calculated automatically using the modulation property of Fourier transform without any additional recording. We demonstrate this approach using a United States Air Force (USAF) resolution target as an object on our digital holographic microscope. We also demonstrate this approach by recovering the quantitative phase images of live yeast cells, red blood cells and dynamics of live dividing yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal Prabhu Pandiyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Kedar Khare
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Department of Physics, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Renu John
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
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Khodadad D. Phase-derivative-based estimation of a digital reference wave from a single off-axis digital hologram. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:1663-1669. [PMID: 26974627 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.001663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a method to obtain an estimated digital reference wave from a single off-axis digital hologram that matches the actual experimental reference wave as closely as possible. The proposed method is independent of a reference flat plate and speckles. The digital reference wave parameters are estimated directly from the recorded phase information. The parameters include both the off-axis tilt angle and the curvature of the reference wave. Phase derivatives are used to extract the digital reference wave parameters without the need for a phase unwrapping process. Thus, problems associated with phase wrapping are avoided. Experimental results for the proposed method are provided. The simulated effect of the digital reference wave parameters on the reconstructed image phase distribution is shown. The pseudo phase gradient originating from incorrect estimation of the digital reference wave parameters and its effect on object reconstruction are discussed.
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41
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Moon I, Yi F, Rappaz B. Automated tracking of temporal displacements of a red blood cell obtained by time-lapse digital holographic microscopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:A86-94. [PMID: 26835962 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.000a86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) phase images that are numerically reconstructed by digital holographic microscopy (DHM) can describe the cell structure and dynamics information beneficial for a quantitative analysis of RBCs. However, RBCs investigated with time-lapse DHM undergo temporal displacements when their membranes are loosely attached to the substrate during sedimentation on a glass surface or due to the microscope drift. Therefore, we need to develop a tracking algorithm to localize the same RBC among RBC image sequences and dynamically monitor its biophysical cell parameters; this information is helpful for studies on RBC-related diseases and drug tests. Here, we propose a method, which is a combination of the mean-shift algorithm and Kalman filter, to track a single RBC and demonstrate that the optical path length of the single RBC can be continually extracted from the tracked RBC. The Kalman filter is utilized to predict the target RBC position in the next frame. Then, the mean-shift algorithm starts execution from the predicted location, and a robust kernel, which is adaptive to changes in the RBC scale, shape, and direction, is designed to improve the accuracy of the tracking. Finally, the tracked RBC is segmented and parameters such as the RBC location are extracted to update the Kalman filter and the kernel function for mean-shift tracking; the characteristics of the target RBC are dynamically observed. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
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42
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Jaferzadeh K, Moon I. Quantitative investigation of red blood cell three-dimensional geometric and chemical changes in the storage lesion using digital holographic microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:111218. [PMID: 26502322 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.11.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase information obtained by digital holographic microscopy (DHM) can provide new insight into the functions and morphology of single red blood cells (RBCs). Since the functionality of a RBC is related to its three-dimensional (3-D) shape, quantitative 3-D geometric changes induced by storage time can help hematologists realize its optimal functionality period. We quantitatively investigate RBC 3-D geometric changes in the storage lesion using DHM. Our experimental results show that the substantial geometric transformation of the biconcave-shaped RBCs to the spherocyte occurs due to RBC storage lesion. This transformation leads to progressive loss of cell surface area, surface-to-volume ratio, and functionality of RBCs. Furthermore, our quantitative analysis shows that there are significant correlations between chemical and morphological properties of RBCs.
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Chitosan encapsulation modulates the effect of capsaicin on the tight junctions of MDCK cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10048. [PMID: 25970096 PMCID: PMC4429556 DOI: 10.1038/srep10048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin has known pharmacological effects including the ability to reversibly open cellular tight junctions, among others. The aim of this study was to develop a strategy to enhance the paracellular transport of a substance with low permeability (FITC-dextran) across an epithelial cell monolayer via reversible opening of cellular tight junctions using a nanosystem comprised by capsaicin and of chitosan. We compared the biophysical properties of free capsaicin and capsaicin-loaded chitosan nanocapsules, including their cytotoxicity towards epithelial MDCK-C7 cells and their effect on the integrity of tight junctions, membrane permeability and cellular uptake. The cytotoxic response of MDCK-C7 cells to capsaicin at a concentration of 500 μM, which was evident for the free compound, is not observable following its encapsulation. The interaction between nanocapsules and the tight junctions of MDCK-C7 cells was investigated by impedance spectroscopy, digital holographic microscopy and structured illumination fluorescence microscopy. The nanocapsules modulated the interaction between capsaicin and tight junctions as shown by the different time profile of trans-epithelial electrical resistance and the enhanced permeability of monolayers incubated with FITC-dextran. Structured illumination fluorescence microscopy showed that the nanocapsules were internalized by MDCK-C7 cells. The capsaicin-loaded nanocapsules could be further developed as drug nanocarriers with enhanced epithelial permeability.
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44
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Multimodal holographic microscopy: distinction between apoptosis and oncosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121674. [PMID: 25803711 PMCID: PMC4372376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of specific cell death is of a great value for many scientists. Predominant types of cell death can be detected by flow-cytometry (FCM). Nevertheless, the absence of cellular morphology analysis leads to the misclassification of cell death type due to underestimated oncosis. However, the definition of the oncosis is important because of its potential reversibility. Therefore, FCM analysis of cell death using annexin V/propidium iodide assay was compared with holographic microscopy coupled with fluorescence detection - “Multimodal holographic microscopy (MHM)”. The aim was to highlight FCM limitations and to point out MHM advantages. It was shown that the annexin V+/PI− phenotype is not specific of early apoptotic cells, as previously believed, and that morphological criteria have to be necessarily combined with annexin V/PI for the cell death type to be ascertained precisely. MHM makes it possible to distinguish oncosis clearly from apoptosis and to stratify the progression of oncosis.
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45
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El-Schich Z, Mölder A, Tassidis H, Härkönen P, Falck Miniotis M, Gjörloff Wingren A. Induction of morphological changes in death-induced cancer cells monitored by holographic microscopy. J Struct Biol 2015; 189:207-12. [PMID: 25637284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We are using the label-free technique of holographic microscopy to analyze cellular parameters including cell number, confluence, cellular volume and area directly in the cell culture environment. We show that death-induced cells can be distinguished from untreated counterparts by the use of holographic microscopy, and we demonstrate its capability for cell death assessment. Morphological analysis of two representative cell lines (L929 and DU145) was performed in the culture flasks without any prior cell detachment. The two cell lines were treated with the anti-tumour agent etoposide for 1-3days. Measurements by holographic microscopy showed significant differences in average cell number, confluence, volume and area when comparing etoposide-treated with untreated cells. The cell volume of the treated cell lines was initially increased at early time-points. By time, cells decreased in volume, especially when treated with high doses of etoposide. In conclusion, we have shown that holographic microscopy allows label-free and completely non-invasive morphological measurements of cell growth, viability and death. Future applications could include real-time monitoring of these holographic microscopy parameters in cells in response to clinically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra El-Schich
- Department of Biomedical Science, Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Helena Tassidis
- Department of Natural Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Falck Miniotis
- Department of Biomedical Science, Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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46
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Zangle TA, Teitell MA. Live-cell mass profiling: an emerging approach in quantitative biophysics. Nat Methods 2015; 11:1221-8. [PMID: 25423019 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell mass, volume and growth rate are tightly controlled biophysical parameters in cellular development and homeostasis, and pathological cell growth defines cancer in metazoans. The first measurements of cell mass were made in the 1950s, but only recently have advances in computer science and microfabrication spurred the rapid development of precision mass-quantifying approaches. Here we discuss available techniques for quantifying the mass of single live cells with an emphasis on relative features, capabilities and drawbacks for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Zangle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael A Teitell
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA. [2] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. [3] California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. [4] Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. [5] Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. [6] Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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47
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Molaei M, Sheng J. Imaging bacterial 3D motion using digital in-line holographic microscopy and correlation-based de-noising algorithm. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:32119-37. [PMID: 25607177 PMCID: PMC4317141 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.032119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Better understanding of bacteria environment interactions in the context of biofilm formation requires accurate 3-dimentional measurements of bacteria motility. Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) has demonstrated its capability in resolving 3D distribution and mobility of particulates in a dense suspension. Due to their low scattering efficiency, bacteria are substantially difficult to be imaged by DHM. In this paper, we introduce a novel correlation-based de-noising algorithm to remove the background noise and enhance the quality of the hologram. Implemented in conjunction with DHM, we demonstrate that the method allows DHM to resolve 3-D E. coli bacteria locations of a dense suspension (>107 cells/ml) with submicron resolutions (<0.5 µm) over substantial depth and to obtain thousands of 3D cell trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Molaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409,
USA
| | - Jian Sheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409,
USA
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48
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Schubert R, Vollmer A, Ketelhut S, Kemper B. Enhanced quantitative phase imaging in self-interference digital holographic microscopy using an electrically focus tunable lens. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:4213-22. [PMID: 25574433 PMCID: PMC4285600 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.004213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-interference digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has been found particular suitable for simplified quantitative phase imaging of living cells. However, a main drawback of the self-interference DHM principle are scattering patterns that are induced by the coherent nature of the laser light which affect the resolution for detection of optical path length changes. We present a simple and efficient technique for the reduction of coherent disturbances in quantitative phase images. Therefore, amplitude and phase of the sample illumination are modulated by an electrically focus tunable lens. The proposed method is in particular convenient with the self-interference DHM concept. Results from the characterization of the method show that a reduction of coherence induced disturbances up to 70 percent can be achieved. Finally, the performance for enhanced quantitative imaging of living cells is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schubert
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
- George Huntington Institute, Johann-Krane-Weg 27, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Angelika Vollmer
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Steffi Ketelhut
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, University of Muenster, Mendelstr. 17, D-48149 Muenster,
Germany
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49
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Kühn J, Niraula B, Liewer K, Kent Wallace J, Serabyn E, Graff E, Lindensmith C, Nadeau JL. A Mach-Zender digital holographic microscope with sub-micrometer resolution for imaging and tracking of marine micro-organisms. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:123113. [PMID: 25554278 DOI: 10.1063/1.4904449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy is an ideal tool for investigation of microbial motility. However, most designs do not exhibit sufficient spatial resolution for imaging bacteria. In this study we present an off-axis Mach-Zehnder design of a holographic microscope with spatial resolution of better than 800 nm and the ability to resolve bacterial samples at varying densities over a 380 μm × 380 μm × 600 μm three-dimensional field of view. Larger organisms, such as protozoa, can be resolved in detail, including cilia and flagella. The instrument design and performance are presented, including images and tracks of bacterial and protozoal mixed samples and pure cultures of six selected species. Organisms as small as 1 μm (bacterial spores) and as large as 60 μm (Paramecium bursaria) may be resolved and tracked without changes in the instrument configuration. Finally, we present a dilution series investigating the maximum cell density that can be imaged, a type of analysis that has not been presented in previous holographic microscopy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kühn
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91009, USA
| | - Bimochan Niraula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 University St., Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Kurt Liewer
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91009, USA
| | - J Kent Wallace
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91009, USA
| | - Eugene Serabyn
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91009, USA
| | - Emilio Graff
- Division of Aerospace Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Christian Lindensmith
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, California 91009, USA
| | - Jay L Nadeau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 University St., Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
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50
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Marquet P, Depeursinge C, Magistretti PJ. Review of quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy: promising novel imaging technique to resolve neuronal network activity and identify cellular biomarkers of psychiatric disorders. NEUROPHOTONICS 2014; 1:020901. [PMID: 26157976 PMCID: PMC4478935 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.1.2.020901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) has recently emerged as a new powerful quantitative imaging technique well suited to noninvasively explore a transparent specimen with a nanometric axial sensitivity. In this review, we expose the recent developments of quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy (QP-DHM). Quantitative phase-digital holographic microscopy (QP-DHM) represents an important and efficient quantitative phase method to explore cell structure and dynamics. In a second part, the most relevant QPM applications in the field of cell biology are summarized. A particular emphasis is placed on the original biological information, which can be derived from the quantitative phase signal. In a third part, recent applications obtained, with QP-DHM in the field of cellular neuroscience, namely the possibility to optically resolve neuronal network activity and spine dynamics, are presented. Furthermore, potential applications of QPM related to psychiatry through the identification of new and original cell biomarkers that, when combined with a range of other biomarkers, could significantly contribute to the determination of high risk developmental trajectories for psychiatric disorders, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Marquet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, Département de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, Prilly/Lausanne CH-1008, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Christian Depeursinge
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre J. Magistretti
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Centre de Neurosciences Psychiatriques, Département de Psychiatrie, Site de Cery, Prilly/Lausanne CH-1008, Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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