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Yasin Saleh MI, Sukenda, Widanarni, Jayanegara A. Survival, immune response and growth of Penaeid shrimp as affected by immunostimulants: A meta-analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109507. [PMID: 38521142 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Immunostimulants represent the most innovative approach for combating shrimp diseases. They are molecules that effectively enhance the host's nonspecific defenses against invading microorganisms. However, methodological differences exist among immunostimulants based on the same source. Therefore, conducting a meta-analysis is essential to derive valid conclusions. The effect size value utilized in this study was Hedges' d. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the DerSimonian and Laird tests (Q-statistic). Meta-regression analysis was conducted to explore the sources of heterogeneity in treatment effects. In this study, dose served as a covariate because it was the only continuous variable that significantly contributed to the observed heterogeneity. Funnel plots and the fail-safe number were employed to assess publication bias within the datasets. The article collection process followed the PRISMA methodology. Based on the results of the meta-analysis and meta-regression conducted with 83 articles, it can be concluded that immunostimulants have a significant effect, characterized by high category standard mean difference (SMD) values, on the survival, growth, and immune response of Penaeid family shrimp. Among potential immunostimulants options, algae ingredients exhibited the most favorable effects on the survival, growth, and immune response of Penaeid family shrimp. Subgroup analysis outcomes revealed that various extraction methods significantly impacted the efficacy of immunostimulants, with the ethanol solvent method proving to be the most effective. Among different administration methods, no significant effect was observed on immunostimulant efficacy across all parameters, with positive SMD values for all administration methods. Regarding challenged test pathogens, immunostimulants were observed to enhance immune response, survival, and weight gain against various pathogens. Meta-regression results indicated that algal treatments had a lower optimal dose point, leading to decreased efficacy as the dose increased. In contrast, fungi exhibited a higher optimum dose point, resulting in increased efficacy at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukenda
- Departement of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Widanarni
- Departement of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
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Messina CM, Madia M, Manuguerra S, Espinosa-Ruiz C, Esteban MA, Santulli A. Dietary Inclusion of Halobacterium salinarum Modulates Growth Performances and Immune Responses in Farmed Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata L.). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2743. [PMID: 37685007 PMCID: PMC10486991 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of natural immunostimulants is considered the most promising alternative to promote fish health, productive performance and quality, increasing the aquaculture profitability, sustainability and social acceptance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the integration of a potential probiotic strain, Halobacterium salinarum, belonging to the Archaea domain, in the formulated diets of farmed gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) in terms of growth performances and immunity responses. The experiment was set up to test two different levels of inclusion of the bacteria in the diet: 0.05% (D1) and 0.1% (D2). The effects on fish growth performances; humoral (peroxidase, protease, antiprotease and IgM levels) and cellular immunity parameters (phagocytosis, respiratory burst and myeloperoxidase), along with bactericidal activity, were evaluated after 15 and 30 days of experimental feeding. The obtained results showed that the inclusion of H. salinarum at the highest concentration (D2 0.1%) improved growth performances, bactericidal activity against Vibrio anguillarum and some parameters related both to the humoral and cellular immune response, suggesting exploring other aspects of welfare in view of future supplementations of this probiotic strain in the diet of S. aurata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Manfredi Madia
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Simona Manuguerra
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Cristobal Espinosa-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.-R.); (M.A.E.)
| | - María Angeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.-R.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Andrea Santulli
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
- Istituto di Biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Via G. Barlotta 4, 91100 Trapani, Italy
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Nutrients and Energy Digestibility of Microalgal Biomass for Fish Feed Applications. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aquafeed accounts for at least 75–90% of aquaculture’s operating costs. Traditional aquafeed ingredients such as fishmeal, fish oil, and soybean meal are unsustainable; further, their increasing cost necessities developing alternative feed ingredients. Microalgae-based aquafeed is not only environmentally friendly, but it can also be cost-effective with proper optimization. In addition, the nutrition profile of microalgae is similar to that of many fishes. The digestibility of a feed is one of the most important factors to consider in feed formulation. A highly digestible feed can lower production costs, reduce feed waste, and reduce the risk of eutrophication. This review discusses the digestibility of various nutrients such as protein, lipid, carbohydrate, amino acids, and fatty acids (including omega-3 fatty acids), dry matter, and energy of various microalgae in fish. Other commonly used aquafeed ingredients were also compared to microalgae in terms of nutrient and energy digestibility in fish. The intrinsic characteristics of microalgae, biomass pretreatment, and feed preparation methods are all discussed as factors that contribute to the nutrient and energy digestibility of microalgae in fish. Furthermore, methods for increasing the digestibility of microalgal biomass in fish are suggested. Finally, the review concludes with the challenges and prospects of using microalgae as a fish feed in terms of digestibility.
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Oliveira KRB, Peres H, Oliva-Teles A, Marconi JN, Paulino RR, Diógenes AF, Viegas EMM. Maize distillers dried grains with solubles alter dietary digestibility and improve intestine health of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus juveniles. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:1331-1343. [PMID: 32943117 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of soyabean meal replacement by maize distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for pacu juveniles. Five diets were formulated with 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g of DDGS/kg diet replacing up to total dietary soyabean meal. In trial 1, the experimental diets were fed to five groups of fish to evaluate the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC). In trial 2, four groups of fish were fed each experimental diet for 100 d to evaluate the effects of these diets on digestive enzyme activity, intestine oxidative stress and intestine morphology. The ADC of DM and energy was reduced with dietary DDGS inclusion, while the ADC of lipids was increased, and no differences were observed for the ADC of protein. Independent of dietary treatment, pH increased from anterior to the distal intestine with dietary DDGS inclusion. Digestive enzyme activities were higher on anterior than the distal intestine. Dietary DDGS decreased lipase, amylase, chymotrypsin and trypsin activities, while no differences were observed for total protease activity. Intestine glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was reduced in fish fed the DDGS diets, while catalase activity increased. Lipid peroxidation was lower in fish fed DDGS diets than the control. Intestine histomorphology improved with dietary DDGS inclusion. Overall, the negative effects of soyabean meal could be decreased by dietary replacement with maize DDGS which may have a prebiotic effect, improving intestine health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Peres
- Department of Biology, CIIMAR and Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007Porto, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Department of Biology, CIIMAR and Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Nize Marconi
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo13635-900, Brazil
| | - Renan Rosa Paulino
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais37200-000, Brazil
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Chen Y, Liu W, Ma J, Wang Y, Huang H. Comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic analysis revealing the responses of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) to the replacement of fish meal with soy protein concentrate. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2037-2053. [PMID: 32767005 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteins are suitable and alternative to fish meals (FMs), with less cost compared with that of all other types of fish feeds. In recent years, soy protein concentrate (SPC) has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to FM; however, little is known regarding the effects of dietary SPC on general fish physiology and well-being. This study aimed to perform comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic analysis for testing the applicability of SPC as fish feeds in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) [SPC replaced 0% (CK), 30% (SPC30), and 75% (SPC75) of FM protein]. Generally, SPC30 promoted fish survival and had less effects on the phenotype, while SPC75 reduced fish survival, promoted inflammation, and regulated multiple physiological responses. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by SPC were identified in the intestine, liver, and muscle, which were enriched in biological regulation, cellular process, metabolic process, single-organism process, cell, cell part, membrane, binding, and catalytic activity based on RNA-seq. Notably, some DEGs involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism in the digestive system highlighted the modulatory effect of SPC on these metabolic processes, consistent with the physiological responses including enzyme activities. The enriched aspects of these predominant DEGs might be directly related to the different effects of SPC30 and SPC75 on fish growth, digestibility, and underlying enzyme activities and histology. In conclusion, the comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic comparative analysis of CK, SPC30, and SPC75 was also effective in testing the applicability of SPC as fish feeds and in designing a proper diet with the best impact on the growth performance and health of fish in hybrid grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkan Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China.
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Huang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
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Ko YT, Hsu SC, Kazłowski B, Huang FH, Liou CH. White muscle proteome analysis showing insights into the protein expression in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) muscle. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Valente LMP, Custódio M, Batista S, Fernandes H, Kiron V. Defatted microalgae (Nannochloropsis sp.) from biorefinery as a potential feed protein source to replace fishmeal in European sea bass diets. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1067-1081. [PMID: 30915616 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the use of defatted biomass of the microalga Nannochloropsis sp. from the biodiesel industry, as a partial substitute of fish meal (FM) in diets for European sea bass. The effects of increasing inclusion levels of microalgal meal on growth performance, body composition, nutrient utilization, gut morphology, and innate immunity were evaluated after 93 days. A reference alga-free diet was the control (CTRL) diet, and the three experimental diets contained 5 (MA5), 10 (MA10), and 15% (MA15) of the microalgal meal. The microalga-rich diets were supplemented with DL-methionine to assure sea bass dietary requirement. Overall, nutrient apparent digestibilities (ADCs) of the diets were not altered by the microalgal inclusion, but energy ADC was highest in fish fed the CTRL diet (90% vs 88%). At the end of the trial, fish growth performance was similar among dietary treatments (DGI of 1.0), but fish fed MA10 had a significantly higher feed conversion ratio than those fed CTRL and MA5. Final whole body composition and nutrient gain of fish fed the different diets were similar. No significant differences were detected in gut morphology among treatments. Innate immune parameters (lysozyme, alternative complement pathway-ACH50, and peroxidase) were examined, and ACH50 of the fish fed MA15 was significantly lower than those fed MA10, suggesting a dose-dependent stimulation of the innate immune response. The present results indicate that defatted microalgal meal can replace fishmeal in European sea bass diets-at inclusion levels of up to 15%-contributing to a circular economy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Maria Pinheiro Valente
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marco Custódio
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sónia Batista
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Helena Fernandes
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- FBA - Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049, Bodø, Norway
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Hossain MS, Koshio S, Ishikawa M, Yokoyama S, Sony NM, Islam MJ. Fishmeal replacement by soya protein concentrate with inosine monophosphate supplementation influences growth, digestibility, immunity, blood health, and stress resistance of red sea bream, Pagrus major. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:613-629. [PMID: 30367428 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the effects of fishmeal (FM) replacement by soy protein concentrate (SPC) with inosine monophosphate (IMP) supplementation on growth, digestibility, immunity, blood health, and stress resistance of red sea bream, Pagrus major. FM protein of a FM-based control diet (FM100) was replaced with 25 (FM75), 50 (FM50), 75 (FM25), and 100% (FM0) by SPC protein, and each replacement group was supplemented with 0.4% IMP to formulate five experimental diets. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish (4.8 g) for 56 days. Results demonstrated that fish fed diet groups FM50 and FM75 had significantly the highest final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed intake. Meanwhile, in comparison to the control, growth performance and feed utilization did not significantly differ with the 75% FM-replaced diet group by SPC with IMP supplementation. Apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter, protein, and lipid also followed a similar trend. All growth, feed utilization, and digestibility parameters were significantly lower in the FM0 diet group. Triglyceride level was increased (P < 0.05) with the increasing replacement level and it was significantly highest in the FM0 diet group. The fish fed diet groups FM100 and FM50 showed the best condition of oxidative and freshwater stress resistance, respectively. Meanwhile, the groups with up to 75% FM-replaced diet also showed acceptable stress resistance status. Overall, enhanced innate immune responses were observed in the entire FM replaced with IMP-supplemented diet groups in comparison to the control. Considering SGR as a model, the regression analysis determined that 71.7% FM protein could be replaced by SPC protein with IMP supplementation in diets for the growth of red sea bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sakhawat Hossain
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Shunsuke Koshio
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Manabu Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Saichiro Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Nadia Mahjabin Sony
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Md Jakiul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
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EFFECTS OF PLANT PROTEIN DIETS ON THE HEALTH OF FARMED AMERICAN ALLIGATORS (ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS). J Zoo Wildl Med 2017; 48:131-135. [DOI: 10.1638/2016-0067.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Gao M, Feng L, Jiang T, Zhu J, Fu L, Yuan D, Li J. The use of rosemary extract in combination with nisin to extend the shelf life of pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) fillet during chilled storage. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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