1
|
Chang CL, Cai Z, Hsu SYT. Sustained Activation of CLR/RAMP Receptors by Gel-Forming Agonists. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113408. [PMID: 36362188 PMCID: PMC9655119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenomedullin (ADM), adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), and CGRP family peptides are important regulators of vascular vasotone and integrity, neurotransmission, and fetoplacental development. These peptides signal through CLR/RAMP1, 2, and 3 receptors, and protect against endothelial dysfunction in disease models. As such, CLR/RAMP receptor agonists are considered important therapeutic candidates for various diseases. Methods and Results: Based on the screening of a series of palmitoylated chimeric ADM/ADM2 analogs, we demonstrated a combination of lipidation and accommodating motifs at the hinge region of select peptides is important for gaining an enhanced receptor-activation activity and improved stimulatory effects on the proliferation and survival of human lymphatic endothelial cells when compared to wild-type peptides. In addition, by serendipity, we found that select palmitoylated analogs self-assemble to form liquid gels, and subcutaneous administration of an analog gel led to the sustained presence of the peptide in the circulation for >2 days. Consistently, subcutaneous injection of the analog gel significantly reduced the blood pressure in SHR rats and increased vasodilation in the hindlimbs of adult rats for days. Conclusions: Together, these data suggest gel-forming adrenomedullin analogs may represent promising candidates for the treatment of various life-threatening endothelial dysfunction-associated diseases such as treatment-resistant hypertension and preeclampsia, which are in urgent need of an effective drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia Lin Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 20878, Taiwan
| | - Zheqing Cai
- CL Laboratory LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Sheau Yu Teddy Hsu
- Adepthera LLC, San Jose, CA 95138, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-650-799-3496
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao F, Li H, Feng Z, Huang L, Kong L, Li M, Wang D, Liu F, Zhu Z, Wei Y, Zhang W. Intermedin facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma cell survival and invasion via ERK1/2-EGR1/DDIT3 signaling cascade. Sci Rep 2021; 11:488. [PMID: 33436794 PMCID: PMC7803743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most malignant cancer types, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly invasive and capable of metastasizing to distant organs. Intermedin (IMD), an endogenous peptide belonging to the calcitonin family, has been suggested playing important roles in cancer cell survival and invasion, including in HCC. However, how IMD affects the behavior of HCC cells and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that IMD maintains an important homeostatic state by activating the ERK1/2-EGR1 (early growth response 1) signaling cascade, through which HCC cells acquire a highly invasive ability via significantly enhanced filopodia formation. The inhibition of IMD blocks the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, resulting in EGR1 downregulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) stress, which is evidenced by the upregulation of ER stress marker DDIT3 (DNA damage-inducible transcript 3). The high level of DDIT3 induces HCC cells into an ER-stress related apoptotic pathway. Along with our previous finding that IMD plays critical roles in the vascular remodeling process that improves tumor blood perfusion, IMD may facilitate the acquisition of increased invasive abilities and a survival benefit by HCC cells, and it is easier for HCC cells to obtain blood supply via the vascular remodeling activities of IMD. According to these results, blockade of IMD activity may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Liver Transplantation Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxue Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingmiao Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Denian Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhu
- Liver Transplantation Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong'gang Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan S, Qi D, Yu Q, Tang X, Wen X, Wang D, Deng X. Intermedin alleviates the inflammatory response and stabilizes the endothelial barrier in LPS-induced ARDS through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106951. [PMID: 32892076 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory storms and endothelial barrier dysfunction are the central pathophysiological features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Intermedin (IMD), a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family, has been reported to alleviate inflammation and protect endothelial cell (EC) integrity. However, the effects of IMD on ARDS have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, clinical ARDS data were used to explore the relationship between serum IMD levels and disease severity and prognosis, and we then established a model to predict the possibility of hospital survival. Mouse models of ARDS and LPS-challenged endothelial cells were used to analyze the protective effect and underlying mechanism of IMD. We found that in patients with ARDS, increased serum IMD levels were associated with reduced disease severity and increased rates of hospital survival. IMD alleviated the LPS-induced inflammatory response by decreasing proinflammatory cytokines, NF-κB p65 expression and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. In addition, IMD stabilized the endothelial barrier by repairing adherens junctions (AJs), cytoskeleton and capillary leakage. IMD exerted protective effects against ARDS on pulmonary endothelial cells, at least partly, through PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling, while IMD's anti-inflammation effect was mediated through an eNOS-independent mechanism. Our study may provide new therapeutic insight for ARDS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xumao Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xinyu Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Neutralizing Complement C5a Protects Mice with Pneumococcal Pulmonary Sepsis. Anesthesiology 2020; 132:795-807. [PMID: 32101978 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-acquired pneumonia and associated sepsis cause high mortality despite antibiotic treatment. Uncontrolled inflammatory host responses contribute to the unfavorable outcome by driving lung and extrapulmonary organ failure. The complement fragment C5a holds significant proinflammatory functions and is associated with tissue damage in various inflammatory conditions. The authors hypothesized that C5a concentrations are increased in pneumonia and C5a neutralization promotes barrier stabilization in the lung and is protective in pneumococcal pulmonary sepsis. METHODS The authors investigated regulation of C5a in pneumonia in a prospective patient cohort and in experimental pneumonia. Two complementary models of murine pneumococcal pneumonia were applied. Female mice were treated with NOX-D19, a C5a-neutralizing L-RNA-aptamer. Lung, liver, and kidney injury and the inflammatory response were assessed by measuring pulmonary permeability (primary outcome), pulmonary and blood leukocytes, cytokine concentrations in lung and blood, and bacterial load in lung, spleen, and blood, and performing histologic analyses of tissue damage, apoptosis, and fibrin deposition (n = 5 to 13). RESULTS In hospitalized patients with pneumonia (n = 395), higher serum C5a concentrations were observed compared to healthy subjects (n = 24; 6.3 nmol/l [3.9 to 10.0] vs. 4.5 nmol/l [3.8 to 6.6], median [25 to 75% interquartile range]; difference: 1.4 [95% CI, 0.1 to 2.9]; P = 0.029). Neutralization of C5a in mice resulted in lower pulmonary permeability in pneumococcal pneumonia (1.38 ± 0.89 vs. 3.29 ± 2.34, mean ± SD; difference: 1.90 [95% CI, 0.15 to 3.66]; P = 0.035; n = 10 or 11) or combined severe pneumonia and mechanical ventilation (2.56 ± 1.17 vs. 7.31 ± 5.22; difference: 4.76 [95% CI, 1.22 to 8.30]; P = 0.011; n = 9 or 10). Further, C5a neutralization led to lower blood granulocyte colony-stimulating factor concentrations and protected against sepsis-associated liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Systemic C5a is elevated in pneumonia patients. Neutralizing C5a protected against lung and liver injury in pneumococcal pneumonia in mice. Early neutralization of C5a might be a promising adjunctive treatment strategy to improve outcome in community-acquired pneumonia.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kong L, Xiao F, Wang L, Li M, Wang D, Feng Z, Huang L, Wei Y, Li H, Liu F, Kang Y, Liao X, Zhang W. Intermedin promotes vessel fusion by inducing VE-cadherin accumulation at potential fusion sites and to achieve a dynamic balance between VE-cadherin-complex dissociation/reconstitution. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:84-102. [PMID: 34766111 PMCID: PMC8489673 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To create a closed vascular system, angiogenic sprouts must meet and connect in a process called vessel fusion, which is a prerequisite for establishment of proper blood flow in nascent vessels. However, the molecular machinery underlying this process remains largely unknown. Herein, we report that intermedin (IMD), a calcitonin family member, promotes vessel fusion by inducing endothelial cells (ECs) to enter a "ready-to-anchor" state. IMD promotes vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC) accumulation at the potential fusion site to facilitate anchoring of approaching vessels to each other. Simultaneously, IMD fine-tunes VEC activity to achieve a dynamic balance between VEC complex dissociation and reconstitution in order to widen the anastomotic point. IMD induces persistent VEC phosphorylation. Internalized phospho-VEC preferentially binds to Rab4 and Rab11, which facilitate VEC vesicle recycling back to the cell-cell contact for reconstruction of the VEC complex. This novel mechanism may explain how neovessels contact and fuse to adjacent vessels to create a closed vascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingmiao Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Denian Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Zhongxue Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Luping Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Yong'gang Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Liver Transplantation Center Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Chengdu China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xuelian Liao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Keratinocyte Growth Factor-2 Is Protective in Oleic Acid-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9406580. [PMID: 31379970 PMCID: PMC6662415 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9406580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the role of keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. Methods Forty-five healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups. Rat ALI model was established by injection of 0.01 mL/kg oleic acid into the tail vein. Rats in the control group were injected with the same amount of normal saline (NS). In the ALI + KGF-2 group, 5 mg/kg of KGF-2 was instilled into the airway of rats 72 hours before the model preparation, and the control group and the ALI model group were instilled with the same amount of NS. The lung permeability index (LPI) and lung wet/dry weight (W / D) ratios were measured 8 hours after the model preparation. The permeability of pulmonary microvascular endothelium was evaluated by Evans blue leakage test. Histopathological changes were observed under light microscope and the ALI pathology score (LIS) was calculated. Ultrastructural changes of lung tissue were observed under electron microscope. The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression of Claudin-5, ZO-1, and VE Cadherin in lung tissue was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Western Blot, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Results The ALI model group had severe lung injury and obvious pathological changes, including alveolar septal thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration. TUNEL assay showed that the apoptosis of ALI group was significantly increased. The LIS score, lung W/D ratio, LPI, and Evans blue leakage were significantly higher than those in the control group; electron microscopy showed that the alveolar-capillary barrier was severely damaged in the ALI group. Compared with the control group, the expression of Claudin-5, ZO-1, and VE cadherin in the lung tissue of the ALI model group was significantly attenuated. After pretreatment with KGF-2, the degree of lung tissue damage was significantly reduced and the pathological changes were significantly improved. TUNEL assay showed that the apoptosis of ALI group was decreased. Lung W/D ratio, LPI, and Evans blue leakage decreased; electron microscopy showed that the alveolar-capillary barrier of ALI group recovered significantly. Compared with the ALI model group, the expression of Claudin-5, ZO-1, and VE cadherin in the lung tissue of the KGF-2 pretreatment group increased. Conclusion The results indicate that KGF-2 may attenuate oleic acid-induced ALI in rats by maintaining the pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier, which is an effective ALI preventive measure.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chao CM, Moiseenko A, Kosanovic D, Rivetti S, El Agha E, Wilhelm J, Kampschulte M, Yahya F, Ehrhardt H, Zimmer KP, Barreto G, Rizvanov AA, Schermuly RT, Reiss I, Morty RE, Rottier RJ, Bellusci S, Zhang JS. Impact of Fgf10 deficiency on pulmonary vasculature formation in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:1429-1444. [PMID: 30566624 PMCID: PMC6466116 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by alveoli simplification and dysmorphic pulmonary microvasculature, is a chronic lung disease affecting prematurely born infants. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important BPD feature associated with morbidity and mortality. In human BPD, inflammation leads to decreased fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) expression but the impact on the vasculature is so far unknown. We used lungs from Fgf10+/- versus Fgf10+/+ pups to investigate the effect of Fgf10 deficiency on vascular development in normoxia (NOX) and hyperoxia (HOX, BPD mouse model). To assess the role of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (Fgfr2b) ligands independently of early developmentaldefects, we used an inducible double transgenic system in mice allowing inhibition of Fgfr2b ligands activity. Using vascular morphometry, we quantified the pathological changes. Finally, we evaluated changes in FGF10, surfactant protein C (SFTPC), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) and alpha-smooth muscle actin 2 (α-SMA) expression in human lung samples from patients suffering from BPD. In NOX, no major difference in the lung vasculature between Fgf10+/- and control pups was detected. In HOX, a greater loss of blood vessels in Fgf10+/- lungs is associated with an increase of poorly muscularized vessels. Fgfr2b ligands inhibition postnatally in HOX is sufficient to decrease the number of blood vessels while increasing the level of muscularization, suggesting a PH phenotype. BPD lungs exhibited decreased FGF10, SFTPC and PECAM but increased α-SMA. Fgf10 deficiency-associated vascular defects are enhanced in HOX and could represent an additional cause of morbidity in human patients with BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Ming Chao
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Djuro Kosanovic
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefano Rivetti
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Elie El Agha
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Marian Kampschulte
- Department of Radiology, Justus-Liebig-University, University Hospital Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Faady Yahya
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Zimmer
- University Children's Hospital Gießen, Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany. Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Gießen, Germany
| | - Guillermo Barreto
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
| | - Irwin Reiss
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rory E Morty
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Robbert J Rottier
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Member of the German Lung Research Center (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Gießen and Marburg Lung Center, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Gießen, Germany
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan , Russian Federation
| | - Jin-San Zhang
- International Collaborative Center on Growth Factor Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiao F, Wang D, Kong L, Li M, Feng Z, Shuai B, Wang L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu S, Tan C, Zhao H, Hu X, Liu J, Kang Y, Liao X, Zhou Y, Zhang W. Intermedin protects against sepsis by concurrently re-establishing the endothelial barrier and alleviating inflammatory responses. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2644. [PMID: 29980671 PMCID: PMC6035189 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by dysregulated host responses to infection. Widespread vascular hyperpermeability and a “cytokine storm” are two pathophysiological hallmarks of sepsis. Here, we show that intermedin (IMD), a member of the calcitonin family, alleviates organ injury and decreases mortality in septic mice by concurrently alleviating vascular leakage and inflammatory responses. IMD promotes the relocation of vascular endothelial cadherin through a Rab11-dependent pathway to dynamically repair the disrupted endothelial junction. Additionally, IMD decreases inflammatory responses by reducing macrophage infiltration via downregulating CCR2 expression. IMD peptide administration ameliorates organ injuries and significantly improves the survival of septic mice, and the experimental results correlate with the clinical data. Patients with high IMD levels exhibit a lower risk of shock, lower severity scores, and greatly improved survival outcomes than those with low IMD levels. Based on our data, IMD may be an important self-protective factor in response to sepsis. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition. Here, the authors show that intermedin alleviates organ injury and decreases mortality in septic mice by concurrently alleviating vascular leakage and inflammatory responses. Patients with high intermedin levels exhibit a low risk of shock, lower severity scores, and greatly improved survival outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lingmiao Kong
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhongxue Feng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bingxing Shuai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong'gang Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sisi Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chun Tan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuelian Liao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
González-Mariscal L, Raya-Sandino A, González-González L, Hernández-Guzmán C. Relationship between G proteins coupled receptors and tight junctions. Tissue Barriers 2018; 6:e1414015. [PMID: 29420165 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2017.1414015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are sites of cell-cell adhesion, constituted by a cytoplasmic plaque of molecules linked to integral proteins that form a network of strands around epithelial and endothelial cells at the uppermost portion of the lateral membrane. TJs maintain plasma membrane polarity and form channels and barriers that regulate the transit of ions and molecules through the paracellular pathway. This structure that regulates traffic between the external milieu and the organism is affected in numerous pathological conditions and constitutes an important target for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe how a wide array of G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by diverse stimuli including light, ions, hormones, peptides, lipids, nucleotides and proteases, signal through heterotrimeric G proteins, arrestins and kinases to regulate TJs present in the blood-brain barrier, the blood-retinal barrier, renal tubular cells, keratinocytes, lung and colon, and the slit diaphragm of the glomerulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Arturo Raya-Sandino
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Laura González-González
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Christian Hernández-Guzmán
- a Department of Physiology , Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav) , Mexico City , Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang LJ, Xiao F, Kong LM, Wang DN, Li HY, Wei YG, Tan C, Zhao H, Zhang T, Cao GQ, Zhang K, Wei YQ, Yang HS, Zhang W. Intermedin Enlarges the Vascular Lumen by Inducing the Quiescent Endothelial Cell Proliferation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:398-413. [PMID: 29242270 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intermedin plays an important role in vascular remodeling and significantly improves blood perfusion, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to define whether vascular lumen enlargement is responsible for the intermedin-increased blood perfusion and explore the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. APPROACH AND RESULTS To study the role of intermedin, we generated the IMD-KO (Adm2-/-) mice using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9) system. Intermedin significantly promoted vascular lumen enlargement in vitro (fibrin beads assay) and in vivo (murine retinas), which contributed to the improved blood perfusion in both physiological (retinal) and pathological (tumor) angiogenic models. We designed experiments to calculate the endothelial cell (EC) size and found that the lumen enlargement is because of EC proliferation but not because of a change in cell shape. ECs that construct vessel walls are considered quiescent cells because they are in a state of contact inhibition and show reduced responsiveness to VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Using immunoprecipitation, Western blot assay, and fluorescent microscopy, we found that intermedin induced the formation of a signaling complex containing CRLR (calcitonin receptor-like receptor)/β-arr1 (β-arrestin1)/Src in ECs and promoted it internalizing into cytoplasm in a clathrin-dependent manner to activate downstream ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2). Importantly, this effect was not abrogated by cell-cell contacts of ECs. Through this mechanism, intermedin could reactivate the quiescent ECs to proliferate, resulting in continuous lumen expanding and a more effective blood perfusion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a novel mechanism that may explain how quiescent ECs overcome the contact inhibition and regain the ability to proliferate for continuous vascular lumen enlargement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Wang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Fei Xiao
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Ling-Miao Kong
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - De-Nian Wang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Yong-Gang Wei
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Chun Tan
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Huan Zhao
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Ting Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Gui-Qun Cao
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Kang Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu
| | - Han-Shuo Yang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu.
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (L.-j.W., L.-m.K., D.-n.W., C.T., H.Z., T.Z., G.-q.C., K.Z., W.Z.) and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (Y.-q.W., H.-s.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu; and Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital (F.X.) and Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital (H.-y.L., Y.-g.W.), Sichuan University, Chengdu.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang SY, Xu MJ, Wang X. Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin: a putative drug candidate for treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1230-1240. [PMID: 28407200 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) 2/intermedin (IMD) is a short peptide that belongs to the CGRP superfamily. Although it shares receptors with CGRP, ADM and amylin, ADM2 has significant and unique functions in the cardiovascular system. In the past decade, the cardiovascular effect of ADM2 has been carefully analysed. In this review, progress in understanding the effects of ADM2 on the cardiovascular system and its protective role in cardiometabolic diseases are summarized. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
García-Ponce A, Chánez Paredes S, Castro Ochoa KF, Schnoor M. Regulation of endothelial and epithelial barrier functions by peptide hormones of the adrenomedullin family. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1228439. [PMID: 28123925 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1228439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct regulation of tissue barriers is of utmost importance for health. Barrier dysfunction accompanies inflammatory disorders and, if not controlled properly, can contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Tissue barriers are formed by monolayers of epithelial cells that separate organs from their environment, and endothelial cells that cover the vasculature, thus separating the blood stream from underlying tissues. Cells within the monolayers are connected by intercellular junctions that are linked by adaptor molecules to the cytoskeleton, and the regulation of these interactions is critical for the maintenance of tissue barriers. Many endogenous and exogenous molecules are known to regulate barrier functions in both ways. Proinflammatory cytokines weaken the barrier, whereas anti-inflammatory mediators stabilize barriers. Adrenomedullin (ADM) and intermedin (IMD) are endogenous peptide hormones of the same family that are produced and secreted by many cell types during physiologic and pathologic conditions. They activate certain G-protein-coupled receptor complexes to regulate many cellular processes such as cytokine production, actin dynamics and junction stability. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the barrier-stabilizing effects of ADM and IMD in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander García-Ponce
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Chánez Paredes
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karla Fabiola Castro Ochoa
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN) , Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Millar FR, Summers C, Griffiths MJ, Toshner MR, Proudfoot AG. The pulmonary endothelium in acute respiratory distress syndrome: insights and therapeutic opportunities. Thorax 2016; 71:462-73. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
14
|
Balloy V, Varet H, Dillies MA, Proux C, Jagla B, Coppée JY, Tabary O, Corvol H, Chignard M, Guillot L. Normal and Cystic Fibrosis Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exhibit Distinct Gene Activation Patterns. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140979. [PMID: 26485688 PMCID: PMC4618526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not eradicated from the lower respiratory tract and is associated with epithelial inflammation that eventually causes tissue damage. To identify the molecular determinants of an effective response to P. aeruginosa infection, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of primary human bronchial epithelial cells from healthy donors (CTRL) 2, 4, and 6 h after induced P. aeruginosa infection. Compared to noninfected cells, infected cells showed changes in gene activity, which were most marked 6 h postinfection and usually consisted in upregulation. RESULTS By comparing for each time point of infection, the transcriptomic response of epithelial cells from CF patients and healthy donors, we identified 851, 638, 667, and 980 differentially expressed genes 0, 2, 4, and 6 h postinfection, respectively. Gene selection followed by bioinformatic analysis showed that most of the differentially expressed genes, either up- or downregulated, were in the protein-binding and catalytic gene-ontology categories. Finally, we established that the protein products of the genes exhibiting the greatest differential upregulation (CSF2, CCL2, TNF, CSF3, MMP1, and MMP10) between CF patients and CTRL were produced in higher amounts by infected cells from CF patients versus CTRL. CONCLUSIONS The differentially expressed genes in CF patients may constitute a signature for a detrimental inflammatory response and for an inefficient P. aeruginosa host-cell response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Balloy
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Varet
- Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme Transcriptome Epigenome, Centre Innovation et Recherche Technologiques, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Dillies
- Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme Transcriptome Epigenome, Centre Innovation et Recherche Technologiques, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Proux
- Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme Transcriptome Epigenome, Centre Innovation et Recherche Technologiques, Paris, France
| | - Bernd Jagla
- Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme Transcriptome Epigenome, Centre Innovation et Recherche Technologiques, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Coppée
- Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme Transcriptome Epigenome, Centre Innovation et Recherche Technologiques, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Tabary
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Pneumologie pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Michel Chignard
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Guillot
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Silva PL, Negrini D, Rocco PRM. Mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury in healthy lungs. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2015; 29:301-13. [PMID: 26643096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is an essential method of patient support, but it may induce lung damage, leading to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). VILI is the result of a complex interplay among various mechanical forces that act on lung structures, such as type I and II epithelial cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, peripheral airways, and the extracellular matrix (ECM), during mechanical ventilation. This article discusses ongoing research focusing on mechanisms of VILI in previously healthy lungs, such as in the perioperative period, and the development of new ventilator strategies for surgical patients. Several experimental and clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the mechanisms of mechanotransduction in each cell type and in the ECM, as well as the role of different ventilator parameters in inducing or preventing VILI. VILI may be attenuated by reducing the tidal volume; however, the use of higher or lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers during the perioperative period is a matter of debate. Many questions concerning the mechanisms of VILI in surgical patients remain unanswered. The optimal threshold value of each ventilator parameter to reduce VILI is also unclear. Further experimental and clinical studies are necessary to better evaluate ventilator settings during the perioperative period in different types of surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Negrini
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant 5, Varese, Italy
| | - Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Körner C, Kuchenbuch T, Pfeil U, Jung K, Padberg W, Kummer W, Mühlfeld C, Grau V. Low-dose adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47) reduces pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury. Peptides 2014; 62:49-54. [PMID: 25290159 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin-2/intermedin stabilizes the pulmonary microvascular barrier challenged by application of thrombin ex vivo and by experimental ventilation in vivo. Here, we test the hypothesis that adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47) protects mouse lungs from ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized, intubated, ventilated, and heparinized. Blood vessels and the main bronchus of the left lung were clamped for 90min. Thereafter, lungs were reperfused for 120min. Five min before clamping and before reperfusion, mice obtained intravenous injections of adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47). After reperfusion, mice were sacrificed and bronchoalveolar lavage of the left and the right lung was performed separately. The integrity of the blood-air barrier was investigated by electron microscopy using stereological methods. In response to ischemia/reperfusion injury, intraalveolar leukocytes accumulated in the ischemic lung. Two applications of 10ng/kg body weight adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47) dramatically reduced leukocyte infiltration to about 15% (p≤0.001). Also the proportion of the subpopulation of neutrophil granulocytes decreased (12% vs 5%, p=0.013). Electron microscopy revealed a protection of the blood-air barrier by adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47). Adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47) ameliorates early ischemia/reperfusion injury in mouse lungs by protecting the integrity of the blood-air barrier and by potently reducing leukocyte influx into the alveolar space. Adrenomedullin-2/intermedin(8-47) might be of therapeutic interest in lung transplantation and cardiopulmonary bypass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Körner
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany.
| | - Tim Kuchenbuch
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Uwe Pfeil
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, UGMLC, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kristina Jung
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, UGMLC, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kummer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, UGMLC, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, UGMLC, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany; Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the DZL, Hannover, Germany
| | - Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Martinelli R, Zeiger AS, Whitfield M, Sciuto TE, Dvorak A, Van Vliet KJ, Greenwood J, Carman CV. Probing the biomechanical contribution of the endothelium to lymphocyte migration: diapedesis by the path of least resistance. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3720-34. [PMID: 25002404 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.148619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cell trafficking requires the frequent breaching of the endothelial barrier either directly through individual cells ('transcellular' route) or through the inter-endothelial junctions ('paracellular' route). What determines the loci or route of breaching events is an open question with important implications for overall barrier regulation. We hypothesized that basic biomechanical properties of the endothelium might serve as crucial determinants of this process. By altering junctional integrity, cytoskeletal morphology and, consequently, local endothelial cell stiffness of different vascular beds, we could modify the preferred route of diapedesis. In particular, high barrier function was associated with predominantly transcellular migration, whereas negative modulation of junctional integrity resulted in a switch to paracellular diapedesis. Furthermore, we showed that lymphocytes dynamically probe the underlying endothelium by extending invadosome-like protrusions (ILPs) into its surface that deform the nuclear lamina, distort actin filaments and ultimately breach the barrier. Fluorescence imaging and pharmacologic depletion of F-actin demonstrated that lymphocyte barrier breaching efficiency was inversely correlated with local endothelial F-actin density and stiffness. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that lymphocytes are guided by the mechanical 'path of least resistance' as they transverse the endothelium, a process we term 'tenertaxis'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Martinelli
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Adam S Zeiger
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Matthew Whitfield
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tracey E Sciuto
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ann Dvorak
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Krystyn J Van Vliet
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John Greenwood
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, UCL, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Christopher V Carman
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Müller-Redetzky HC, Will D, Hellwig K, Kummer W, Tschernig T, Pfeil U, Paddenberg R, Menger MD, Kershaw O, Gruber AD, Weissmann N, Hippenstiel S, Suttorp N, Witzenrath M. Mechanical ventilation drives pneumococcal pneumonia into lung injury and sepsis in mice: protection by adrenomedullin. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2014; 18:R73. [PMID: 24731244 PMCID: PMC4056010 DOI: 10.1186/cc13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) contributes to morbidity and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Particularly pre-injured lungs are susceptible to VILI despite protective ventilation. In a previous study, the endogenous peptide adrenomedullin (AM) protected murine lungs from VILI. We hypothesized that mechanical ventilation (MV) contributes to lung injury and sepsis in pneumonia, and that AM may reduce lung injury and multiple organ failure in ventilated mice with pneumococcal pneumonia. Methods We analyzed in mice the impact of MV in established pneumonia on lung injury, inflammation, bacterial burden, hemodynamics and extrapulmonary organ injury, and assessed the therapeutic potential of AM by starting treatment at intubation. Results In pneumococcal pneumonia, MV increased lung permeability, and worsened lung mechanics and oxygenation failure. MV dramatically increased lung and blood cytokines but not lung leukocyte counts in pneumonia. MV induced systemic leukocytopenia and liver, gut and kidney injury in mice with pneumonia. Lung and blood bacterial burden was not affected by MV pneumonia and MV increased lung AM expression, whereas receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP) 1–3 expression was increased in pneumonia and reduced by MV. Infusion of AM protected against MV-induced lung injury (66% reduction of pulmonary permeability p < 0.01; prevention of pulmonary restriction) and against VILI-induced liver and gut injury in pneumonia (91% reduction of AST levels p < 0.05, 96% reduction of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels p < 0.05, abrogation of histopathological changes and parenchymal apoptosis in liver and gut). Conclusions MV paved the way for the progression of pneumonia towards ARDS and sepsis by aggravating lung injury and systemic hyperinflammation leading to liver, kidney and gut injury. AM may be a promising therapeutic option to protect against development of lung injury, sepsis and extrapulmonary organ injury in mechanically ventilated individuals with severe pneumonia.
Collapse
|
19
|
Paddenberg R, Mermer P, Goldenberg A, Kummer W. Videomorphometric analysis of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction of intra-pulmonary arteries using murine precision cut lung slices. J Vis Exp 2014:e50970. [PMID: 24458260 PMCID: PMC4089409 DOI: 10.3791/50970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute alveolar hypoxia causes pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) - also known as von Euler-Liljestrand mechanism - which serves to match lung perfusion to ventilation. Up to now, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The major vascular segment contributing to HPV is the intra-acinar artery. This vessel section is responsible for the blood supply of an individual acinus, which is defined as the portion of lung distal to a terminal bronchiole. Intra-acinar arteries are mostly located in that part of the lung that cannot be selectively reached by a number of commonly used techniques such as measurement of the pulmonary artery pressure in isolated perfused lungs or force recordings from dissected proximal pulmonary artery segments(1,2). The analysis of subpleural vessels by real-time confocal laser scanning luminescence microscopy is limited to vessels with up to 50 µm in diameter(3). We provide a technique to study HPV of murine intra-pulmonary arteries in the range of 20-100 µm inner diameters. It is based on the videomorphometric analysis of cross-sectioned arteries in precision cut lung slices (PCLS). This method allows the quantitative measurement of vasoreactivity of small intra-acinar arteries with inner diameter between 20-40 µm which are located at gussets of alveolar septa next to alveolar ducts and of larger pre-acinar arteries with inner diameters between 40-100 µm which run adjacent to bronchi and bronchioles. In contrast to real-time imaging of subpleural vessels in anesthetized and ventilated mice, videomorphometric analysis of PCLS occurs under conditions free of shear stress. In our experimental model both arterial segments exhibit a monophasic HPV when exposed to medium gassed with 1% O2 and the response fades after 30-40 min at hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Mermer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University
| | - Anna Goldenberg
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University
| | - Wolfgang Kummer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mao SZ, Fan XF, Xue F, Chen R, Chen XY, Yuan GS, Hu LG, Liu SF, Gong YS. Intermedin modulates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2013; 27:1-9. [PMID: 23796770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disabling disease with limited treatment options. Hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling is a major cause of hypoxic PAH. Pharmacological agents that can inhibit the remodeling process may have great therapeutic value. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of intermedin (IMD), a new calcitonin gene-related peptide family of peptide, on hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling. METHODS Rats were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia (∼10% O(2)), or exposed to hypoxia and treated with IMD, administered by an implanted mini-osmotic pump (6.5 μg/rat/day), for 4 weeks. The effects of IMD infusion on the development of hypoxic PAH and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy, on pulmonary vascular remodeling, on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and apoptosis, and on the activations of l-arginine nitric oxide (NO) pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptotic pathway were examined. RESULTS Rats exposed to hypoxia developed PAH and RV hypertrophy. IMD treatment alleviated PAH and prevented RV hypertrophy. IMD inhibited hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling as indicated by reduced wall thickness and increased lumen diameter of pulmonary arterioles, and decreased muscularization of distal pulmonary vasculature in hypoxia-exposed rats. IMD treatment inhibited PASMC proliferation and promoted PASMC apoptosis. IMD treatment increased tissue level of constitutive NO synthase activity and tissue NO content in lungs, and enhanced l-arginine uptake into pulmonary vascular tissues. IMD treatment increased cellular levels of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 and GRP94, two major markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and increased caspase-12 expression, the ER stress-specific caspase, in lungs and cultured PASMCs. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that IMD treatment attenuates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling, and thereby hypoxic PAH mainly by inhibiting PASMC proliferation. Promotion of PASMC apoptosis may also contribute to the inhibitory effect of IMD. Activations l-arginine-NO pathway and of ER stress-specific apoptosis pathway could be the mechanisms mediating the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of IMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Zhong Mao
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xuan-Ying Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Gong-Sheng Yuan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Liang-Gang Hu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shu Fang Liu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
| | - Yong-Sheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li L, Ma P, Liu Y, Huang C, O WS, Tang F, Zhang JV. Intermedin attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in the rat testis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65278. [PMID: 23750251 PMCID: PMC3672160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
First reported as a vasoactive peptide in the cardiovascular system, intermedin (IMD), also known as adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), is a hormone with multiple potent roles, including its antioxidant action on the pulmonary, central nervous, cardiovascular and renal systems. Though IMD may play certain roles in trophoblast cell invasion, early embryonic development and cumulus cell-oocyte interaction, the role of IMD in the male reproductive system has yet to be investigated. This paper reports our findings on the gene expression of IMD, its receptor components and its protein localization in the testes. In a rat model, bacterial lippolysaccharide (LPS) induced atypical orchitis, and LPS treatment upregulated the expression of IMD and one of its receptor component proteins, i.e. receptor activity modifying protein 2 (RAMP2). IMD decreased both plasma and testicular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, attenuated the increase in the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), rescued spermatogenesis, and prevented the decrease in plasma testosterone levels caused by LPS. The restorative effect of IMD on steroidogenesis was also observed in hydrogen peroxide-treated rat primary Leydig cells culture. Our results indicate IMD plays an important protective role in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, suggesting therapeutic potential for IMD in pathological conditions such as orchitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Wai-sum O
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fai Tang
- Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Research Center for Gene and Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advance Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen City, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Single-Molecule Detection and Instrument Development, Shenzhen City, China
- Innovative Pharmacology and Biotherapy Pre-Clinical Test Public Service Platform of Shenzhen, Shenzhen City, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dexamethasone attenuates VEGF expression and inflammation but not barrier dysfunction in a murine model of ventilator-induced lung injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57374. [PMID: 23451215 PMCID: PMC3581459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ventilator–induced lung injury (VILI) is characterized by vascular leakage and inflammatory responses eventually leading to pulmonary dysfunction. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of VILI. This study examines the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on VEGF expression, inflammation and alveolar–capillary barrier dysfunction in an established murine model of VILI. Methods Healthy male C57Bl/6 mice were anesthetized, tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated for 5 hours with an inspiratory pressure of 10 cmH2O (“lower” tidal volumes of ∼7.5 ml/kg; LVT) or 18 cmH2O (“higher” tidal volumes of ∼15 ml/kg; HVT). Dexamethasone was intravenously administered at the initiation of HVT–ventilation. Non–ventilated mice served as controls. Study endpoints included VEGF and inflammatory mediator expression in lung tissue, neutrophil and protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, PaO2 to FiO2 ratios and lung wet to dry ratios. Results Particularly HVT–ventilation led to alveolar–capillary barrier dysfunction as reflected by reduced PaO2 to FiO2 ratios, elevated alveolar protein levels and increased lung wet to dry ratios. Moreover, VILI was associated with enhanced VEGF production, inflammatory mediator expression and neutrophil infiltration. Dexamethasone treatment inhibited VEGF and pro–inflammatory response in lungs of HVT–ventilated mice, without improving alveolar–capillary permeability, gas exchange and pulmonary edema formation. Conclusions Dexamethasone treatment completely abolishes ventilator–induced VEGF expression and inflammation. However, dexamethasone does not protect against alveolar–capillary barrier dysfunction in an established murine model of VILI.
Collapse
|