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Xie M, Ye L, Chen K, Xu Q, Yang C, Chen X, Chan EWC, Li F, Chen S. Clinical use of tigecycline may contribute to the widespread dissemination of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2306957. [PMID: 38240375 PMCID: PMC10829843 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2306957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) poses grave threats to human health. These strains increased dramatically in clinical settings in China in the past few years but not in other parts of the world. Four isogenic K. pneumoniae strains, including classical K. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP), hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) and CR-hvKP, were created and subjected to phenotypic characterization, competition assays, mouse sepsis model and rat colonization tests to investigate the mechanisms underlying the widespread nature of CR-hvKP in China. Acquisition of virulence plasmid led to reduced fitness and abolishment of colonization in the gastrointestinal tract, which may explain why hvKP is not clinically prevalent after its emergence for a long time. However, tigecycline treatment facilitated the colonization of hvKP and CR-hvKP and reduced the population of Lactobacillus spp. in animal gut microbiome. Feeding with Lactobacillus spp. could significantly reduce the colonization of hvKP and CR-hvKP in the animal gastrointestinal tract. Our data implied that the clinical use of tigecycline to treat carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae infections facilitated the high spread of CR-hvKP in clinical settings in China and demonstrated that Lactobacillus spp. was a potential candidate for anticolonization strategy against CR-hvKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lianwei Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kaichao Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiangnan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fuyong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Rosch MEG, Rehner J, Schmartz GP, Manier SK, Becker U, Müller R, Meyer MR, Keller A, Becker SL, Keller V. Time series of chicken stool metagenomics and egg metabolomics in changing production systems: preliminary insights from a proof-of-concept. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2024; 6:4. [PMID: 38549118 PMCID: PMC10979557 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-024-00100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different production systems of livestock animals influence various factors, including the gut microbiota. METHODS We investigated whether changing the conditions from barns to free-range chicken farming impacts the microbiome over the course of three weeks. We compared the stool microbiota of chicken from industrial barns after introducing them either in community or separately to a free-range environment. RESULTS Over the six time points, 12 taxa-mostly lactobacilli-changed significantly. As expected, the former barn chicken cohort carries more resistances to common antibiotics. These, however, remained positive over the observed period. At the end of the study, we collected eggs and compared metabolomic profiles of the egg white and yolk to profiles of eggs from commercial suppliers. Here, we observed significant differences between commercial and fresh collected eggs as well as differences between the former barn chicken and free-range chicken. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the gut microbiota can undergo alterations over time in response to changes in production systems. These changes subsequently exert an influence on the metabolites found in the eggs. The preliminary results of our proof-of-concept study motivate larger scale observations with more individual chicken and longer observation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E G Rosch
- Medical Doctor program Human Medicine, Saarland University/ Saarland University Medical Center, 66123/66421, Saarbrücken/Homburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Rehner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Georges P Schmartz
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sascha K Manier
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Uta Becker
- MIP Pharma GmbH, 66386, Sankt Ingbert, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus R Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sören L Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Verena Keller
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Javid H, Oryani MA, Akbari S, Amiriani T, Ravanbakhsh S, Rezagholinejad N, Afshari AR, Karimi-Shahri M. L. plantarum and L. lactis as a promising agent in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1197-1209. [PMID: 37882738 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been understood for nearly a century that patients with intestinal inflammatory disease (IBD) have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, two species of lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis, have been investigated as therapeutic agents for IBD. These bacteria have been shown to survive gastric transit, to adhere and colonize in the intestinal tract of humans and modulate the intestinal microbiota and immune response. L. plantarum and L. lactis might be used as multifunctional drugs for the treatment of IBD and the prevention or treatment of CRC. This article summarizes current knowledge of L. plantarum and L. lactis as therapeutic and preventative agents for IBD and CRC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 1313199137, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 917966679, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 1313199137, Iran
| | - Sanaz Akbari
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, 9133736351, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4918936316, Iran
| | - Samaneh Ravanbakhsh
- Biology Expert, Plant Sciences, graduate of Golestan University, Gorgan, 4918936316, Iran
| | | | - Amir-R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 9414974877, Iran
| | - Mehdi Karimi-Shahri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 1313199137, Iran
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, 9691657678, Iran
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Valečková E, Sun L, Wang H, Dube F, Ivarsson E, Kasmaei KM, Ellström P, Wall H. Intestinal colonization with Campylobacter jejuni affects broiler gut microbiota composition but is not inhibited by daily intake of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1205797. [PMID: 37577431 PMCID: PMC10416237 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1205797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lactobacilli may prevent broilers from colonization with Campylobacter spp. and other gram-negative zoonotic bacteria through lactic acid production and modulation of the intestinal microbiota. This study evaluated the effects of daily intake of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 256 (LP256) on Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) loads in ceca and feces of C. jejuni challenged broilers, together with the changes in the gut microbiota. Methods Two experiments were conducted using the broilers Ross 308 (R-308; Experiment 1) for 42 days and Rowan Ranger broilers (RR; Experiment 2) for 63 days. The LP256 strain was administered either via silage inoculated with LP256 or direct supplementation in the drinking water. Concurrently, haylage as a forage similar to silage but without any inoculum was tested. C. jejuni loads in fecal matter and cecal content were determined by plate counts and qPCR, respectively. The cecal microbiota, in response to treatments and the challenge, were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results and Discussion Culturing results displayed a significant reduction in C. jejuni colonization (2.01 log) in the silage treatment in comparison to the control at 1 dpi (day post-infection) in Experiment 1. However, no treatment effect on C. jejuni was observed at the end of the experiment. In Experiment 2, no treatment effects on C. jejuni colonization were found to be statistically significant. Colonization load comparison at the peak of infection (3 dpi) to that at the end of the trial (32 dpi) revealed a significant reduction in C. jejuni in all groups, regardless of treatment. Colonization dynamics of C. jejuni in the cecal samples analyzed by qPCR showed no difference between any of the treatments in Experiment 1 or 2. In both experiments, no treatment effects on the cecal microbiota were observed. However, proportional changes in the bacterial composition were observed after the C. jejuni challenge, suggesting that colonization affected the gut microbiota. Overall, the daily intake of LP256 was not effective in reducing C. jejuni colonization in either broiler type at the end of the rearing period and did not cause any significant changes in the birds' cecal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Valečková
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helen Wang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Faruk Dube
- Department of Biomedical Science and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Ivarsson
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kamyar Mogodiniyai Kasmaei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Wall
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Lin Q, Guan SW, Yu HB. Immuno-oncology-microbiome axis of gastrointestinal malignancy. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:757-775. [PMID: 37275452 PMCID: PMC10237027 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i5.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the relationship between the microbiome and cancer has been controversial for centuries. Recent works have discovered that the intratumor microbiome is an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Intratumor bacteria, the most studied intratumor microbiome, are mainly localized in tumor cells and immune cells. As the largest bacterial reservoir in human body, the gut microbiome may be one of the sources of the intratumor microbiome in gastrointestinal malignancies. An increasing number of studies have shown that the gut and intratumor microbiome play an important role in regulating the immune tone of tumors. Moreover, it has been recently proposed that the gut and intratumor microbiome can influence tumor progression by modulating host metabolism and the immune and immune tone of the TME, which is defined as the immuno-oncology-microbiome (IOM) axis. The proposal of the IOM axis provides a new target for the tumor microbiome and tumor immunity. This review aims to reveal the mechanism and progress of the gut and intratumor microbiome in gastrointestinal malignancies such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer by exploring the IOM axis. Providing new insights into the research related to gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Lin
- Department of Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Wei Guan
- Department of Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yu
- Department of Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Tian L, Zhong C, He Y, Lu Q, Wang Y, Zhao X, Wei H, Tao X. Preventive of Lacticaseibacillus casei WLCA02 against Salmonella Typhimurium infection via strengthening the intestinal barrier and activating the macrophages. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Cao J, Zhang S, Hao Y, Fan K, Wang L, Zhao X, He X. Amorphous solid dispersion preparation via co-precipitation improves the dissolution, oral bioavailability and intestinal health enhancement properties of magnolol. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102676. [PMID: 37104903 PMCID: PMC10160586 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol (MAG) is a multifunctional plant polyphenol with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor properties. In poultry, it has been shown to improve growth performance, antioxidant, immune functions and intestinal health. However, its applications are limited by poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. This study aimed at improving the water solubility of MAG through solid dispersion and investigating its effects in Arbor Acre (AA) broilers. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose succinic acid (HPMCAS) was used as a carrier to prepare magnolol solid dispersions (MAG-HPMCAS SD) via antisolvent coprecipitation, which were characterized thereafter. Optimal formulation proportions for SD were screened by in vitro dissolution assays, while its effects on improving absorption were investigated via in vivo pharmacokinetic assays. In addition, we evaluated the effects of MAG-HPMCAS SD on growth performance, antioxidant status, and gut microbiota in AA broilers. The powder samples prepared via antisolvent coprecipitation did not exhibit a crystal diffraction peak of MAG in powder X-ray diffractions or melting point peak in differential scanning calorimetry, proving the successful preparation of an amorphous solid dispersion system. The in vitro dissolution assay showed that the cumulative dissolution rate of MAG-HPMCAS(LF) SD (2:8, w/w) was 100%. Pharmacokinetic analyses revealed that the peak concentration (Cmax) of MAG-HPMCAS SD was 5.07 ± 0.73 μg/mL, which was 1.76 times greater than that of MAG. In addition, AUC0-48 and t1/2 of MAG-HPMCAS SD were 40.49 ± 6.29 g·h/mL and 9.15 ± 3.23 h, respectively, which were 2.17 and 2.56 times higher than those of MAG. Supplementation of MAG-HPMCAS SD in AA broilers significantly increased ADG (7-14 d and 15-21 d) and reduced feed conversion ratio (15-21 d) (P < 0.05). Bacterial diversity in the MAG-HPMCAS SD-supplemented group was greater than in the Control and MAG-supplemented group. Supplementation of MAG-HPMCAS SD stimulated the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae. In conclusion, the MAG-HPMCAS SD prepared by coprecipitation improved the dissolution rate, the bioavailability of MAG, growth promotion, antioxidant effects and gut health in broilers.
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Pham VD, Korver DR, Gänzle MG. Conversion of Phenolic Acids in Canola Fermentation: Impact on Antimicrobial Activity against Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter jejuni. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2059-2069. [PMID: 36669157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Canola meal (CM) is commonly used in poultry feeds. CM has a high protein content but also contains high levels of antimicrobial phenolic acids. Lactic acid bacteria can alter CM phenolic composition during fermentation and influence its antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Fermented CM was analyzed for phenolic composition using tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sinapic acid and derivatives were the major phenolic acids in CM. Growth of lactobacilli in CM was attenuated when compared to cereal substrates. Glucosides and esters of sinapic acid were extensively hydrolyzed during fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Furfurilactobacillus milii. Lp. plantarum transformed hydroxycinnamic acids to dihydro, 4-vinyl, and 4-ethyl derivatives, Ff. milii reduced hydroxycinnamic acids to dihydroderivatives, but Limosilactobacillus reuteri did not convert hydroxycinnamic acids. The minimum inhibitory concentration of phenolic extracts was assessed with lactobacilli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter jejuni as indicator strains. Fermentation of CM with Lp. plantarum or Ff. milii increased the antimicrobial activity of phenolic extracts against Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter jejuni. Fermentation with Lm. reuteri TMW1.656 but not fermentation with Lm. reuteri TMW1.656ΔrtcN increased the antimicrobial activity of extracts owing to the production of reutericyclin. This study demonstrates that fermentation of CM with lactobacilli converts hydroxycinammic esters and may increase the antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds in CM against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vi D Pham
- Department. of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Douglas R Korver
- Department. of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Michael G Gänzle
- Department. of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Ye J, Fan Q, Lin X, Gou Z, Jiang S. Dietary supplementation of bilberry anthocyanin on growth performance, intestinal mucosal barrier and cecal microbes of chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:15. [PMID: 36670458 PMCID: PMC9854028 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins (AC) showed positive effects on improving the intestinal health and alleviating intestinal pathogen infections, therefore, an experiment was conducted to explore the protective effects of supplemented AC on Salmonella-infected chickens. METHODS A total of 240 hatchling chickens were randomly allocated to 4 treatments, each with 6 replicates. Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (CON, and ST), 100 (ACL) and 400 (ACH) mg/kg of AC for d 60, and orally challenged with PBS (CON) or 109 CFU/bird (ST, ACL, ACH) Salmonella Typhimurium at d 14 and 16. RESULTS (1) Compared with birds in ST, AC supplementation increased the body weight (BW) at d 18 and the average daily gain (ADG) from d 1 to 18 of the Salmonella-infected chickens (P < 0.05); (2) AC decreased the number of Salmonella cells in the liver and spleen, the contents of NO in plasma and inflammatory cytokines in ileal mucosa of Salmonella-infected chickens (P < 0.05); (3) Salmonella infection decreased the ileal villi height, villi height to crypt depth (V/C), and the expression of zonulaoccludins-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, occludin, and mucin 2 (MUC2) in ileal mucosa. AC supplementation relieved these adverse effects, and decreased ileal crypt depth (P < 0.05); (4) In cecal microbiota of Salmonella-infected chickens, AC increased (P < 0.05) the alpha-diversity (Chao1, Pd, Shannon and Sobs indexes) and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota and the enrichment of drug antimicrobial resistance, infectious bacterial disease, and immune disease pathways. CONCLUSIONS Dietary AC protected chicken against Salmonella infection via inhibiting the Salmonella colonization in liver and spleen, suppressing secretion of inflammatory cytokines, up-regulating the expression of ileal barrier-related genes, and ameliorating the composition and function of cecal microbes. Under conditions here used, 100 mg/kg bilberry anthocyanin was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Yibing Wang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Jinling Ye
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Qiuli Fan
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Xiajing Lin
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Zhongyong Gou
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- grid.135769.f0000 0001 0561 6611Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China
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Lepczyński A, Herosimczyk A, Bucław M, Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska M. Antibiotics in avian care and husbandry-status and alternative antimicrobials. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Undoubtedly, the discovery of antibiotics was one of the greatest milestones in the treatment of human and animal diseases. Due to their over-use mainly as antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in livestock farming, antimicrobial resistance has been reported with increasing intensity, especially in the last decades. In order to reduce the scale of this phenomenon, initially in the Scandinavian countries and then throughout the entire European Union, a total ban on the use of AGP was introduced, moreover, a significant limitation in the use of these feed additives is now observed almost all over the world. The withdrawal of AGP from widespread use has prompted investigators to search for alternative strategies to maintain and stabilize the composition of the gut microbiota. These strategies include substances that are used in an attempt to stimulate the growth and activity of symbiotic bacteria living in the digestive tract of animals, as well as living microorganisms capable of colonizing the host’s gastrointestinal tract, which can positively affect the composition of the intestinal microbiota by exerting a number of pro-health effects, i.e., prebiotics and probiotics, respectively. In this review we also focused on plants/herbs derived products that are collectively known as phytobiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Lepczyński
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics , West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Herosimczyk
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics , West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Mateusz Bucław
- Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences , West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland
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Taha-Abdelaziz K, Singh M, Sharif S, Sharma S, Kulkarni RR, Alizadeh M, Yitbarek A, Helmy YA. Intervention Strategies to Control Campylobacter at Different Stages of the Food Chain. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010113. [PMID: 36677405 PMCID: PMC9866650 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is one of the most common bacterial pathogens of food safety concern. Campylobacter jejuni infects chickens by 2-3 weeks of age and colonized chickens carry a high C. jejuni load in their gut without developing clinical disease. Contamination of meat products by gut contents is difficult to prevent because of the high numbers of C. jejuni in the gut, and the large percentage of birds infected. Therefore, effective intervention strategies to limit human infections of C. jejuni should prioritize the control of pathogen transmission along the food supply chain. To this end, there have been ongoing efforts to develop innovative ways to control foodborne pathogens in poultry to meet the growing customers' demand for poultry meat that is free of foodborne pathogens. In this review, we discuss various approaches that are being undertaken to reduce Campylobacter load in live chickens (pre-harvest) and in carcasses (post-harvest). We also provide some insights into optimization of these approaches, which could potentially help improve the pre- and post-harvest practices for better control of Campylobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Mankerat Singh
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Shayan Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Shreeya Sharma
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Raveendra R. Kulkarni
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Mohammadali Alizadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alexander Yitbarek
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Yosra A. Helmy
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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12
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Al Hakeem WG, Fathima S, Shanmugasundaram R, Selvaraj RK. Campylobacter jejuni in Poultry: Pathogenesis and Control Strategies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2134. [PMID: 36363726 PMCID: PMC9697106 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
C. jejuni is the leading cause of human foodborne illness associated with poultry, beef, and pork consumption. C. jejuni is highly prevalent in commercial poultry farms, where horizontal transmission from the environment is considered to be the primary source of C. jejuni. As an enteric pathogen, C. jejuni expresses virulence factors regulated by a two-component system that mediates C. jejuni's ability to survive in the host. C. jejuni survives and reproduces in the avian intestinal mucus. The avian intestinal mucus is highly sulfated and sialylated compared with the human mucus modulating C. jejuni pathogenicity into a near commensal bacteria in poultry. Birds are usually infected from two to four weeks of age and remain colonized until they reach market age. A small dose of C. jejuni (around 35 CFU/mL) is sufficient for successful bird colonization. In the U.S., where chickens are raised under antibiotic-free environments, additional strategies are required to reduce C. jejuni prevalence on broilers farms. Strict biosecurity measures can decrease C. jejuni prevalence by more than 50% in broilers at market age. Vaccination and probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, organic acids, bacteriophages, bacteriocins, and quorum sensing inhibitors supplementation can improve gut health and competitively exclude C. jejuni load in broilers. Most of the mentioned strategies showed promising results; however, they are not fully implemented in poultry production. Current knowledge on C. jejuni's morphology, source of transmission, pathogenesis in poultry, and available preharvest strategies to decrease C. jejuni colonization in broilers are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Revathi Shanmugasundaram
- Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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13
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Fathima S, Hakeem WGA, Shanmugasundaram R, Selvaraj RK. Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Review on the Pathogen, Pathogenesis, and Prevention. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101958. [PMID: 36296234 PMCID: PMC9610872 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens type A and C are the primary etiological agents associated with necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. The predisposing factors implicated in the incidence of NE changes the physical properties of the gut, immunological status of birds, and disrupt the gut microbial homeostasis, causing an over-proliferation of C. perfringens. The principal virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of NE are the α-toxin, β-toxin, and NetB toxin. The immune response to NE in poultry is mediated by the Th1 pathway or cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. C. perfringens type A and C are also pathogenic in humans, and hence are of public health significance. C. perfringens intoxications are the third most common bacterial foodborne disease after Salmonella and Campylobacter. The restrictions on the use of antibiotics led to an increased incidence of NE in poultry. Hence, it is essential to develop alternative strategies to keep the prevalence of NE under check. The control strategies rely principally on the positive modulation of host immune response, nutritional manipulation, and pathogen reduction. Current knowledge on the etiology, pathogenesis, predisposing factors, immune response, effect on the gut microbial homeostasis, and preventative strategies of NE in this post-antibiotic era is addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Revathi Shanmugasundaram
- Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Correspondence:
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14
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Wang M, Huang X, Liu Y, Zeng J. Effects of Macleaya cordata Extract on Blood Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Flora in Heat-Stressed Mice. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192589. [PMID: 36230331 PMCID: PMC9558519 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) leads to disturbance of homeostasis and gut microbiota. Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and gut health maintenance properties. Still, the specific effects of MCE on blood biochemical indices and gut microbiota homeostasis in heat-stressed mice are not entirely understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MCE on blood biochemical indices and gut microbiota in heat-stressed mice. A control group (CON) (25 °C, n = 6) and HS group (42 °C, n = 6) were gavaged with normal saline 0.2 mL/g body weight/day, and HS plus MCE group (HS-MCE) (42 °C, n = 6) was gavaged with 5 mg MCE/kg/day. HS (2 h/d) on 8–14 d. The experiment lasted 14 days. The results showed that HS increased mice’ serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transferase activities, heat shock protein 70 level, and malondialdehyde concentrations, and decreased serum catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. HS also disrupted microbiota diversity and community structure in mice, increasing the Bacteroidetes and decreasing Firmicutes and Lactobacillus; however, MCE can alleviate the disturbance of biochemical indicators caused by HS and regulate the flora homeostasis. Furthermore, MCE was able to moderate HS-induced metabolic pathways changes in gut microbiota. The Spearman correlation analysis implied that changes in serum redox status potentially correlate with gut microbiota alterations in HS-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcan Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030801, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiuqiong Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030801, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-731-84686560
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15
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Shi S, Zhou D, Xu Y, Dong J, Han Y, He G, Li W, Hu J, Liu Y, Zhao K. Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri S5 Intervention on Intestinal Microbiota Composition of Chickens Challenged with Salmonella enteritidis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192528. [PMID: 36230269 PMCID: PMC9559494 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanism of lactic acid bacteria against Salmonella enteritidis infection; we examined how lactic acid bacteria regulated the intestinal microbiota to resist infection by pathogenic bacteria. The probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri S5 was used to construct an animal model of S. enteritidis infected broilers. A high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the regulatory effects of L. reuteri S5 on the structure of the intestinal microbiota of broilers infected with S. enteritidis; and to examine the possible defense mechanism they used. Our results showed that the administration of L. reuteri S5 reduced colonization of S. enteritidis (p < 0.05), decreased intestinal permeability (p < 0.05), and reduced the bacterial displacement likely due by S. enteritidis colonization (p < 0.05), suggesting some enhancement of the intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, L. reuteri S5 increased the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the chicken cecal microflora and the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and decreased the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. These results suggest that the lactic acid bacterium L. reuteri S5 protected the intestinal microbiota of chickens against S. enteritidis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kai Zhao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-6578-6710; Fax: +86-0556-5708061
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16
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Organic Acids Secreted by Lactobacillus spp. Isolated from Urine and Their Antimicrobial Activity against Uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175557. [PMID: 36080323 PMCID: PMC9457960 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural microbiota of the urinary tract includes Lactobacillus spp., which secrete molecules with antimicrobial properties and have antagonistic activity against many pathogens. This paper focuses on the antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus strains isolated from urine against clinical strains of Proteus mirabilis isolated from kidney stones and from urine with coexisting urolithiasis. The study involved analyzing the main antimicrobial molecules secreted by Lactobacillus. In order to indicate which agent had the strongest antimicrobial effect, the supernatants were made alkaline and treated with catalase and high temperature. Both treated and untreated supernatants were analyzed for their activity. Exposing uropathogens to all untreated cell-free supernatants of Lactobacillus significantly reduced their growth, and it was established that these properties were related to organic acid secretion by these strains. Using LC–MS/MS and spectrophotometric techniques, lactic, citric, and succinic acids were determined qualitatively and quantitatively. The influence of these acids on the P. mirabilis growth and biofilm formation and their influence on membrane permeability were also investigated. The results indicate that organic acids secreted by Lactobacillus strains have a high antibacterial potential and could be used as novel agents in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by P. mirabilis.
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17
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Wu S, Liu M, Chen H, Song Q, Wu Z, Dai Z. Tryptophan regulates bile and nitrogen metabolism in two pig gut lactobacilli species in vitro based on metabolomics study. Amino Acids 2022; 54:1421-1435. [PMID: 35838843 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that tryptophan (Trp) regulated the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota. However, the detailed mode of action of Trp on the metabolism of intestinal commensal lactobacilli has not been well characterized. This study aimed to compare the effects of Trp concentration (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mmol/L) in the media on the metabolism of Lactobacillus amylovorus and Limosilactobacillus mucosae isolated from the small intestine of piglets in vitro by high-performance liquid chromatography and metabolomics study. Results showed that increased Trp concentration increased (P < 0.05) net utilization of lysine, methionine, tryptophan, asparagine/aspartate, glutamine/glutamate, however, increased net production of glycine and taurine in Lac. amylovorus. In contrast, increased Trp concentration decreased (P < 0.05) net utilization of leucine, phenylalanine, and serine and increased (P < 0.05) net utilization of arginine and net production of ornithine and glycine in Lim. mucosae. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that increased Trp concentration promoted (P < 0.05) the production of indole-3-lactic acid and 3-indoleacetic acid in the two lactobacilli strains. Increased concentration of Trp increased (P < 0.01) glycochenodeoxycholic acid metabolism in Lim. mucosae and glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid metabolism in Lac. amylovorus. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that metabolic pathways related to phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolism, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism were regulated by Trp in Lim. mucosae. These findings will help develop new biomarkers and dietary strategies to maintain the functionality of the gut microbiota aiming at improving the nutrition and health of both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Moyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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18
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Erinle TJ, Adewole DI. Fruit pomaces-their nutrient and bioactive components, effects on growth and health of poultry species, and possible optimization techniques. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 9:357-377. [PMID: 35600557 PMCID: PMC9110891 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ever-growing human population, coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg, has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed formulation. In addition, the public desire for non-antibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry production. While some identified alternatives are promising, their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in poultry. The use of plants and/or their by-products, like fruit pomaces, present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result, are gaining much interest. This is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile, nutritional composition, ready availability, and relatively cheap cost. The fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes annually. Interestingly, fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre, protein, and phenolic compounds, and thus, their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional feedstuff. Thus, there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints, respectively. This review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo J Erinle
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3 Canada
| | - Deborah I Adewole
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3 Canada
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19
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Dewi G, Kollanoor Johny A. Lactobacillus in Food Animal Production—A Forerunner for Clean Label Prospects in Animal-Derived Products. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.831195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus, the largest genus within the lactic acid bacteria group, has served diverse roles in improving the quality of foods for centuries. The heterogeneity within this genus has resulted in the industry's continued use of their well-known functions and exploration of novel applications. Moreover, the perceived health benefits in many applications have also made them fond favorites of consumers and researchers alike. Their familiarity lends to their utility in the growing “clean label” movement, of which consumers prefer fewer additions to the food label and opt for recognizable and naturally-derived substances. Our review primarily focuses on the historical use of lactobacilli for their antimicrobial functionality in improving preharvest safety, a critical step to validate their role as biocontrol agents and antibiotic alternatives in food animal production. We also explore their potential as candidates catering to the consumer-driven demand for more authentic, transparent, and socially responsible labeling of animal products.
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20
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In vitro and in vivo activity of Lactobacillus sakei L14 strain against Campylobacter jejuni DC3 strain. J Vet Res 2022; 66:85-94. [PMID: 35582492 PMCID: PMC8959693 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2022-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Domestic poultry is a natural reservoir of Campylobacter, the host–pathogen interaction being predominantly asymptomatic. This study investigated whether chickens remain asymptomatic partly because of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Material and Methods Campylobacter spp. and LAB were isolated from the gut of poultry chickens using enrichment and screening assays and were identified via rDNA sequencing. The C. jejuni DC3 isolate was grown in different cell-free supernatants (CFS) generated from a priority LAB isolate. An in vivo challenge involving the C. jejuni and LAB isolates using a chicken model was performed to confirm the in vitro findings. Results Twelve presumptive LAB isolates had anti-C. jejuni activity based on cross-streak and agar plug assays, with Lactobacillus sakei L14 isolate exhibiting the highest activity. Inhibition by L. sakei L14 CFS of the growth of C. jejuni occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Campylobacter jejuni DC3 inhibition was most evident in CFS harvested at 72 h and produced by co-culture with the pathogen. Neutralisation of the CFS abrogated the observed inhibition. Co-infection with C. jejuni DC3 and L. sakei L14 in vivo, however, failed to inhibit C. jejuni colonisation in chickens. Conclusion The results suggest that the anti-C. jejuni effect of L. sakei L14 in chickens may be due to mechanisms other than direct inhibition of growth.
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21
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Tomusiak-Plebanek A, Mruk M, Rząca S, Strus M, Arent Z. In Vitro assessment of anti-Campylobacter activity of lactobacillus strains isolated from canine rectal swabs. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:112. [PMID: 35317800 PMCID: PMC8939066 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacteriosis is currently the most frequently reported zoonosis. Dogs, especially puppies or those with diarrhea, are considered a possible source of human infection. Probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus species, seem to be a valuable tool in controlling of intestinal pathogenic microorganisms in dogs. The main purpose of this study was to assess the anti-Campylobacter activity and some probiotic properties, like ability to produce H2O2, bile salt and low pH tolerance of Lactobacillus strains isolated from gastrointestinal tract of healthy dogs. Results A total of 39 rectal swabs derived from healthy dogs and 19 from dogs with diarrhea were examined to detect Lactobacillus and Campylobacter bacteria respectively. In total, 30 strains of Lactobacillus genus and four strains of Campylobacter genus were isolated and identified. Of the 30 strains of Lactobacillus, 22 showed an inhibitory effect towards Campylobacter. Four strains with the strongest antagonism towards Campylobacter bacteria (L. salivarius 25 K/L/1, L. rhamnosus 42 K/L/2, L. sakei 50 K/L/1 and L. agilis 55 K/L/1) were selected to assess their potential probiotic traits. Three out of four analyzed strains produced extracellular H2O2. All displayed very good or moderate survival at pH 3.0 and 2.0 and showed high tolerance to 0.5% and 1% bile salts. Conclusions Among selected Lactobacillus strains, all may have a potential probiotic application in reducing Campylobacter spp. in dogs and thus prevent transmission of infection to humans, although the best candidate for probiotic seems to be L. sakei 50 K/L/1. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tomusiak-Plebanek
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 18 Czysta Street, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Martyna Mruk
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sybilla Rząca
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Strus
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 18 Czysta Street, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Arent
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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22
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Shori AB, Albalawi A, Al Zahrani AJ, Al-sulbi OS, Baba AS. Microbial analysis, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties of yoghurt with different starter cultures during storage. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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23
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Inhibitory Effect of Lactiplantibacillusplantarum and Lactococcus lactis Autochtonous Strains against Listeria monocytogenes in a Laboratory Cheese Model. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050715. [PMID: 35267348 PMCID: PMC8909851 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, six Lactococcus lactis and seven Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains isolated from artisanal Sardinian dairy products were evaluated for their efficacy in controlling the growth of Listeria monocytogenes during the storage of miniature fresh cheese manufactured on a laboratory scale to exploit their possible use as biopreservatives. The strains were tested for antimicrobial activity and some technological characteristics before using them in miniature fresh cheese to evaluate their in situ antilisterial effect. Our results showed that five strains (L. lactis 16FS16-9/20234-11FS16 and Lpb. plantarum 1/14537-4A/20045) could be considered suitable candidates for use as protective cultures in fresh cheese manufacture since they significantly lowered the pathogen counts by 3–4 log units compared to the control; however, all strains tested were capable of decreasing L. monocytogenes numbers. Our results suggest that the single and combined action of the acidifying power and the production of bacteriocin of these strains was capable of controlling and/or reducing the growth of L. monocytogenes. Considering their technological characteristics, they might be used as starter/adjunct cultures to increase the safety of the products, perhaps in association with other antimicrobial hurdles.
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Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria from Goat’s Milk Potential Producer of Bacteriocin: Evidence from Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse microbial populations in milk produce a range of antimicrobial compounds that confer preservative action. Goat milk characterized by high nutritional value, medicinal properties and hypoallergenic in nature, constitutes the most prevalent non-bovine milk consumed globally. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), renowned for their probiotic properties, are important constituents of goat milk microflora. In this study, bacterial strains with probiotic potential were isolated and characterized from milk samples of indigenous Indian goat breeds. On MRS medium, Gram-positive rods were observed after anaerobic culture. Based on 16s rRNA technique LAB from goat milk were identified to belong to Enterococcus durans and Lactobacuillus plantarum. Antimicrobial activities were observed against known pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia. coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be low (6.5 mg/ml) for most of the isolates. High resistance to both acidic condition (pH 2.0) and 0.3% bile salts was observed along with marginal increase in cell counts in some isolates. Adherence to Caco-2 cell lines was observed in all the four identified LABs and was higher in case of Enterococcus durans compared to Lactobacillus plantarum. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of lacticin as one of the key component of cell free extracts (CFE) of selected isolate. Goat milk as a source of possible LAB probiotics opens up a whole new avenue of probiotics from non-bovine milk sources. LAB strains isolated in this study are potential probiotic candidates that can be employed as antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Juricova H, Matiasovicova J, Faldynova M, Sebkova A, Kubasova T, Prikrylova H, Karasova D, Crhanova M, Havlickova H, Rychlik I. Probiotic Lactobacilli Do Not Protect Chickens against Salmonella Enteritidis Infection by Competitive Exclusion in the Intestinal Tract but in Feed, Outside the Chicken Host. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020219. [PMID: 35208674 PMCID: PMC8877478 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli are commonly used as probiotics in poultry to improve production parameters and to increase chicken resistance to enteric infections. However, lactobacilli do not efficiently colonise the chicken intestinal tract, and also, their anti-infection effect in vivo is sometimes questionable. In this study, we therefore evaluated the potential of a mixture of four Lactobacillus species (L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. ingluviei and L. alvi) for the protection of chickens against Salmonella Enteritidis infection. Whenever the chickens were inoculated by lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis separately, there was no protective effect of lactobacilli. This means that when lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis are exposed to each other as late as in the crop of chickens, lactobacilli did not influence chicken resistance to S. Enteritidis at all. The only positive effect was recorded when the mixture of lactobacilli and S. Enteritidis was used for the inoculation of feed and the feed was anaerobically fermented for 1 to 5 days. In this case, chickens fed such a diet remained S. Enteritidis negative. In vitro experiments showed that the protective effect was caused by acidification of feed down to pH 4.6 due to lactobacilli fermentation and was associated with S. Enteritidis inactivation. The probiotic effect of lactobacilli was thus expressed in the feed, outside the chicken host.
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26
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Koyun OY, Callaway TR, Nisbet DJ, Anderson RC. Innovative Treatments Enhancing the Functionality of Gut Microbiota to Improve Quality and Microbiological Safety of Foods of Animal Origin. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2022; 13:433-461. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-100121-050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract, or gut, microbiota is a microbial community containing a variety of microorganisms colonizing throughout the gut that plays a crucial role in animal health, growth performance, and welfare. The gut microbiota is closely associated with the quality and microbiological safety of foods and food products originating from animals. The gut microbiota of the host can be modulated and enhanced in ways that improve the quality and safety of foods of animal origin. Probiotics—also known as direct-fed microbials—competitive exclusion cultures, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been utilized to achieve this goal. Reducing foodborne pathogen colonization in the gut prior to slaughter and enhancing the chemical, nutritional, or sensory characteristics of foods (e.g., meat, milk, and eggs) are two of many positive outcomes derived from the use of these competitive enhancement–based treatments in food-producing animals. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 13 is March 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Y. Koyun
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Todd R. Callaway
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - David J. Nisbet
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robin C. Anderson
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas, USA
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Lactic Acid Bacteria Antagonism of Acid-tolerant and Antibiotic-resistant Non-staphylococcal Pathogenic Species Isolated from a Fermented Cereal Beverage using Baird-Parker Agar. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/nfsr.9.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Zamojska D, Nowak A, Nowak I, Macierzyńska-Piotrowska E. Probiotics and Postbiotics as Substitutes of Antibiotics in Farm Animals: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123431. [PMID: 34944208 PMCID: PMC8697875 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breeders are searching for methods to protect farming animals against diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The easiest way to fight bacteria is to use antibiotics. Unfortunately, their abuse results in the presence of bacteria resistant to the most commonly used antibiotics in the environment. The restrictions on the use of antibiotics have forced the search for natural and safe ways to protect animals. It has been shown that the use of probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria may have a positive effect on the growth and use of feed by broilers, on the stabilization of the intestinal microbiota of chickens and pigs, and in the prevention of mastitis in dairy cows. The use of probiotics (live, nonpathogenic microorganisms) and postbiotics (inanimate bacteria, cell components or post-fermentation by-products) reduces the occurrence of pathogens in large-scale farms. Abstract Since 2006, the use of growth-promoting antibiotics has been banned throughout the European Union. To meet the expectations of livestock farmers, various studies have been carried out with the use of lactic acid bacteria. Scientists are trying to obtain the antimicrobial effect against the most common pathogens in large-scale farms. Supplementing the diet of broilers with probiotics (live, nonpathogenic microorganisms) stabilized the intestinal microbiota, which improved the results of body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI). The positive effect of probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria has been shown to prevent the occurrence of diarrhea during piglet weaning. The antagonistic activity of postbiotics (inanimate bacteria, cell components, or post-fermentation by-products) from post-culture media after lactobacilli cultures has been proven on Staphylococcus aureus—the pathogen most often responsible for causing mastitis among dairy cows. The article aims to present the latest research examining the antagonistic effect of lactic acid bacteria on the most common pathogens in broilers, piglets, pigs, and cow farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Zamojska
- Polwet-Centrowet Sp. z o.o., M. Konopnickiej 21, 98-100 Lask, Poland;
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.N.)
| | - Adriana Nowak
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (A.N.)
| | - Ireneusz Nowak
- Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 8/12, 90-232 Lodz, Poland;
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Modulation of intestinal morphology and microbiota by dietary Macleaya cordata extract supplementation in Xuefeng Black-boned Chicken. Animal 2021; 15:100399. [PMID: 34768172 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly overused to prevent livestock from diseases and to increase production performance. As potential substitutes of antibiotics, plant extracts have attracted the attention of researchers. It was known to all that addition of Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) to the food could advance immunity, intestinal health and animal performance. Thus, it was conducted to investigate the influence of MCE (0, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg, with six replicate pens/treatment and 24 hens/pen) on intestinal morphology and microbial diversity in different intestinal segments in Xuefeng black-boned chicken in this study. The results showed that MCE supplement (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg) significantly diminished (P < 0.05) the crypt depth of the jejunum as compared to basal diet group. The 100 mg/kg group displayed a marked increase (P < 0.05), compared with 0 and 200 mg/kg group, in ileum microbial diversity as represented by the Shannon's index. In the cecum, treatment of MCE significantly decreased (P < 0.01) the Firmicutes, but Deferribacteres in 200 mg/kg MCE group were significantly raised (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we found that MCE improved intestinal morphology and reduced the crypt depth in jejunum. Together, addition of 200 mg/kg MCE modulated intestinal microbiota, increased beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus. Adding 100 mg/kg MCE to diet increased bacterial community diversity and relative abundance in jejunum and ileum, but had no effect on cecum microbial diversity.
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Tang HW, Abbasiliasi S, Ng ZJ, Lee YY, Tang TK, Tan JS. Insight into the pilot-scale fed-batch fermentation for production of Enterococcus faecium CW3801 using molasses-based medium. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 52:691-700. [PMID: 34647854 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1986721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus sp. has been used as starters in food fermentation due to their probiotic and antimicrobial properties in food biopreservation. The antimicrobial properties were mainly contributed by the bacteriocin called enterocin. Hence, the availability of a cost-effective pilot-scale cultivation conditions is a necessity for the production of probiotic bacteria. This study aims to investigate optimization of medium composition using sugarcane molasses as a carbon source using response surface methodology and the potential use of fed-batch cultivation for improvement of the cell viability of Enterococcus faecium CW3801 for the use as a probiotic starter culture. Two feeding strategies (ramp and constant) were applied in fed-batch cultivation for enhancement of the production of E. faecium in a 2-L stirred tank bioreactor using the optimized medium and scaled up to a 15-L bioreactor. Optimized fermentation medium which comprised of 10% (v/v) of molasses and 10 g/L of yeast extract at pH 7 yielded maximum cell viability of 29.4 × 1011 CFU/mL with 3900 AU/mL of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) activity. In the fed-batch, the cell viability (8.4 × 1013) and dry cell weight (6.34 g/L) reached the highest in optimized medium when the ramp (stepwise) feeding was applied. In scaling up to 15-L bioreactor, the growth of E. faecium was achieved at 2.3 × 1013 CFU/mL with the dry cell weight of 5.28 g/L under the same condition. The BLIS in 15-L bioreactor was 6% higher than the 2-L bioreactor. This study demonstrated that molasses and yeast extract are good feedstock for the growth of E. faecium. The E. faecium, a non-vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE) was successfully produced by a fed-batch cultivation approach and scaled up to a 15-L bioreactor using a ramp feeding strategy. Results from this study revealed that the fed-batch cultivation using molasses-based medium has industrial potential for the production of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock Wei Tang
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Sahar Abbasiliasi
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zhang Jin Ng
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teck-Kim Tang
- International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oils Processing and Safety, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Joo Shun Tan
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Balaban M, Koc C, Sar T, Akbas MY. Antibiofilm effects of pomegranate peel extracts against
B. cereus
,
B. subtilis
, and
E. faecalis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Balaban
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze‐Kocaeli 41400 Turkey
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center Siirt University Siirt 56100 Turkey
| | - Cansel Koc
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze‐Kocaeli 41400 Turkey
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery University of Borås Borås 501 90 Sweden
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Gebze Technical University Gebze‐Kocaeli 41400 Turkey
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Wyszyńska AK, Godlewska R. Lactic Acid Bacteria - A Promising Tool for Controlling Chicken Campylobacter Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:703441. [PMID: 34650524 PMCID: PMC8506037 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.703441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2005, campylobacteriosis has been the most common zoonotic disease in Europe. The main reservoir of pathogenic Campylobacter strains is broilers, which makes raw and undercooked poultry meat two major sources of disease. Infection in chicken flocks is most often asymptomatic, despite a high level of colonization reaching 106-109cfu/g in animal ceca. It is widely believed that controlling the level of colonization of the birds' digestive tract by pathogenic strains is a good way to increase food safety. Many treatments have been proposed to combat or at least reduce the level of colonization in animals reservoirs: probiotics, bacteriophages, vaccines, and anti-Campylobacter bacteriocins. This review focuses on the effects of Campylobacter infection on the chicken microbiome and colonization control strategies using probiotics (mostly lactic acid bacteria, LAB), which are live microorganisms included in the diet of animals as feed additives or supplements. Probiotics are not only an alternative to antibiotics, which were used for years as animal growth promoters, but they also constitute an effective protective barrier against excessive colonization of the digestive system by pathogenic bacteria, including Campylobacter. Moreover, one of the many beneficial functions of probiotics is the ability to manipulate the host's microbiota. Recently, there have also been some promising attempts to use lactic acid bacteria as a delivery system of oral vaccine against Campylobacter. Recombinant LAB strains induce primarily a mucosal immune response against foreign antigens, accompanied by at most a low-level immune response against carrier strains. Since the main barrier against the invasion of pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract is the intestinal mucosal membrane, the development of effective oral vaccines to protect animals against enteric infection is very reasonable.
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The Use of Organic Acids (Lactic and Acetic) as a Microbial Decontaminant during the Slaughter of Meat Animal Species: A Review. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102293. [PMID: 34681342 PMCID: PMC8534660 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild ungulate species provide a much-needed protein source to many communities in developed and developing countries. Frequently, these game meat animals are slaughtered, and the meat is unknowingly contaminated by microorganisms and released to the unsuspecting public. This review investigates the global usage of organic acids (lactic and acetic acids) as microbial decontamination strategies during slaughter. The results show that there is a more open-minded approach to adopting possible decontamination plans as a tool to improve meat safety during slaughter. Developed countries continue to adopt these strategies, while developing countries are lagging behind. While decontamination of carcasses can lead to a reduction of microbial load on these carcasses, this strategy must not be seen as a replacement of hygiene management during the animals’ slaughter.
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Huang YH, Chen YH, Chen JH, Hsu PS, Wu TH, Lin CF, Peng CC, Wu MC. A potential probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides TBE-8 for honey bee. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18466. [PMID: 34531482 PMCID: PMC8446051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An isolated bacterium TBE-8, was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides according to the sequences of 16S rDNA and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. The probiotic properties of the L. mesenteroides TBE-8 strain were characterized and revealed that TBE-8 could utilize various carbohydrates, exhibited high tolerance to sucrose's osmotic pressure and acidic conditions, and could mitigate the impact of the bee pathogen Paenibacillus larvae. In addition, we found that the TBE-8 broth increased the expression of the nutrition-related genes major royal jelly protein 1 and vitellogenin in bees by approximately 1400- and 20-fold, respectively. The expression of genes encoding two antibacterial peptides, hymenoptaecin and apidaecin, in the bee abdomen was significantly increased by 17- and 7-fold in bees fed with the TBE-8 fermented broth. Furthermore, we fed four-frame bee colonies with 50% sucrose syrup containing TBE-8 and can detect the presence of approximately 2 × 106 16S rDNA copies of TBE-8 in the guts of all bees in 24 h, and the retention of TBE-8 in the bee gut for at least 5 days. These findings indicate that the L. mesenteroides TBE-8 has high potential as a bee probiotic and could enhance the health of bee colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shou Hsu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Fu Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Peng
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Gao R, Tian S, Wang J, Zhu W. Galacto-oligosaccharides improve barrier function and relieve colonic inflammation via modulating mucosa-associated microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharides-challenged piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:92. [PMID: 34376253 PMCID: PMC8356462 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota of suckling piglets to exert beneficial effects on intestinal function. However, the modulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal function by GOS in intestinal inflammation injury models has rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of GOS on the colonic mucosal microbiota composition, barrier function and inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-challenged suckling piglets. METHODS A total of 18 newborn suckling piglets were divided into three groups, the CON group, the LPS-CON group and the LPS-GOS group. Piglets in the LPS-GOS group were orally fed with 1 g/kg body weight of GOS solution every day. On the d 14, piglets in the LPS-CON and LPS-GOS group were challenged intraperitoneally with LPS solution. All piglets were slaughtered 2 h after intraperitoneal injection and sampled. RESULTS We found that the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged piglets was significantly injured and shedding, while the colonic mucosa of the LPS-GOS group piglets maintained its structure. Moreover, GOS significantly reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the LPS-challenged suckling piglets, and significantly increased the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). GOS significantly increased the relative abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae and Romboutsia, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Campylobacter and Helicobacter in the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. In addition, GOS increased the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colonic digesta of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. GOS significantly reduced the concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and the relative mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) in the LPS-challenged suckling piglets. In addition, GOS significantly reduced the relative mRNA expression of mucin2 (MUC2), and significantly increased the protein expression of Claudin-1 and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in LPS-challenged suckling piglets. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that GOS can modulate the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota composition and improve the intestinal function of LPS-challenged suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Gao
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shiyi Tian
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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de Freitas C, Terrone CC, Masarin F, Carmona EC, Brienzo M. In vitro study of the effect of xylooligosaccharides obtained from banana pseudostem xylan by enzymatic hydrolysis on probiotic bacteria. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rao K P, Kumar N H, Somashekaraiah R, Murali M, J S, Sreenivasa MY. Probiotic Attributes and Inhibitory Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum MYS84 against the Growth and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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38
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Pázmándi M, Kovács Z, Maráz A. Potential of Lactobacillus strains for the production of fermented functional beverages enriched in galacto-oligosaccharides. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Zhang H, HuangFu H, Wang X, Zhao S, Liu Y, Lv H, Qin G, Tan Z. Antibacterial Activity of Lactic Acid Producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides QZ1178 Against Pathogenic Gallibacterium anatis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:630294. [PMID: 33969032 PMCID: PMC8100202 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.630294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) convert carbohydrates into organic acids [mainly lactic acid (LA)], which reportedly have bactericidal activities. Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative bacteria which infects birds, and causes significant economic losses. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of the LA producing, Leuconostoc mesenteroides QZ1178 from Qula (fermented food), against G. anatis, using the Oxford cup method. Our data showed that L. mesenteroides QZ1178 inhibited G. anatis isolates from different origins; however, L. mesenteroides QZ1178 antibacterial activity dropped dramatically at pH 5.5–pH 6. The LA concentration and pH of the liquid broth containing L. mesenteroides QZ1178 after 24 h culture was 29 mg/mL and 3.6, respectively. This concentration (29 mg/mL at pH 3.6) and the antibiotic, cefotaxime (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 2.5 μg/mL) effectively inhibited G. anatis (GAC026) growth as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Gallibacterium anatis treated with LA exhibited extensive cell surface collapse, increased cell damage, cell membrane disruption, and cytoplasmic leakage, indicative of cell lysis. We suggest L. mesenteroides QZ1178 exerts potential antibacterial effects against the poultry pathogen, G. anatis via LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - HePing HuangFu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - ShanShan Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoxin Lv
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - GuangYong Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongfang Tan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Alternatives to Antibiotics: A Symposium on the Challenges and Solutions for Animal Health and Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050471. [PMID: 33918995 PMCID: PMC8142984 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have improved the length and quality of life of people worldwide and have had an immeasurable influence on agricultural animal health and the efficiency of animal production over the last 60 years. The increased affordability of animal protein for a greater proportion of the global population, in which antibiotic use has played a crucial part, has resulted in a substantial improvement in human quality of life. However, these benefits have come with major unintended consequences, including antibiotic resistance. Despite the inherent benefits of restricting antibiotic use in animal production, antibiotics remain essential to ensuring animal health, necessitating the development of novel approaches to replace the prophylactic and growth-promoting benefits of antibiotics. The third International Symposium on “Alternatives to Antibiotics: Challenges and Solutions in Animal Health and Production” in Bangkok, Thailand was organized by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University and Department of Livestock Development-Thailand Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative; supported by OIE World Organization for Animal Health; and attended by more than 500 scientists from academia, industry, and government from 32 nations across 6 continents. The focus of the symposium was on ensuring human and animal health, food safety, and improving food animal production efficiency as well as quality. Attendees explored six subject areas in detail through scientific presentations and panel discussions with experts, and the major conclusions were as follows: (1) defining the mechanisms of action of antibiotic alternatives is paramount to enable their effective use, whether they are used for prevention, treatment, or to enhance health and production; (2) there is a need to integrate nutrition, health, and disease research, and host genetics needs to be considered in this regard; (3) a combination of alternatives to antibiotics may need to be considered to achieve optimum health and disease management in different animal production systems; (4) hypothesis-driven field trials with proper controls are needed to validate the safety, efficacy, and return of investment (ROI) of antibiotic alternatives.
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Jahan D, Peile E, Sheikh MA, Islam S, Parasnath S, Sharma P, Iskandar K, Dhingra S, Charan J, Hardcastle TC, Samad N, Chowdhury TS, Dutta S, Haque M. Is it time to reconsider prophylactic antimicrobial use for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation? a narrative review of antimicrobials in stem cell transplantation. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 19:1259-1280. [PMID: 33711240 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1902304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving procedure for multiple types of hematological cancer, autoimmune diseases, and genetic-linked metabolic diseases in humans. Recipients of HSCT transplant are at high risk of microbial infections that significantly correlate with the presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and the degree of immunosuppression. Infection in HSCT patients is a leading cause of life-threatening complications and mortality. AREAS COVERED This review covers issues pertinent to infection in the HSCT patient, including bacterial and viral infection; strategies to reduce GVHD; infection patterns; resistance and treatment options; adverse drug reactions to antimicrobials, problems of antimicrobial resistance; perturbation of the microbiome; the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and antimicrobial peptides. We highlight potential strategies to minimize the use of antimicrobials. EXPERT OPINION Measures to control infection and its transmission remain significant HSCT management policy and planning issues. Transplant centers need to consider carefully prophylactic use of antimicrobials for neutropenic patients. The judicious use of appropriate antimicrobials remains a crucial part of the treatment protocol. However, antimicrobials' adverse effects cause microbiome diversity and dysbiosis and have been shown to increase morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshad Jahan
- Department of Hematology, Asgar Ali Hospital, 111/1/A Distillery Road, Gandaria Beside Dhupkhola, Dhaka 1204, Bangladesh
| | - Ed Peile
- Department of Medical Education, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Salequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Sharlene Parasnath
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, 800 Vusi Mzimela Road, Cato Manor, Durban, South Africa
| | - Paras Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy, BVM College of Pharmacy, Gwalior, India
| | - Katia Iskandar
- Lebanese University, School of Pharmacy, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institute National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Universite Paul Sabatier UT3, INSERM, UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Sameer Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Jaykaran Charan
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Timothy Craig Hardcastle
- Trauma Service, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Mayville, South Africa.,Department of Surgery, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, UKZN, South Africa
| | - Nandeeta Samad
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Bangladesh
| | | | - Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mainul Haque
- The Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gut Microbiota Dynamics, Growth Performance, and Gut Morphology in Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Varying in Energy Density with or without Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (BMD). Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040787. [PMID: 33918770 PMCID: PMC8070028 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-energy-density diet could increase body weight at the expense of the intestinal health of the animals. In order to optimize production without negatively influencing the gut health of chickens, dietary supplementation with bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) is a common feeding strategy adopted to enhance production performance and intestinal health. Studies have suggested that BMD could improve chicken growth performance and gut health through modulation of the gut microbiota. The current study investigated the effect of BMD supplementation in a normal-energy (NE) or high-energy (HE) diet on growth performance, organ weights, jejunal morphology, and gut microbiota of broiler chickens at different growth stages. Birds were allocated to four treatments: normal-energy basal diet (NE-BAS), normal-energy BMD diet (NE-BMD), high-energy basal diet (HE-BAS), and high-energy BMD diet (HE-BMD). In the starter phase, body weight and body weight gain were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in chickens fed HE diets compared to those fed NE diets. The FCR was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in birds fed HE-BMD diets in the starter phase but lower (p < 0.05) during the grower phase when compared to other treatments. Moreover, the relative bursa weight increased significantly (p = 0.0220) among birds that received HE diets. Birds fed HE-BMD had greater villus height (p = 0.054) than NE-BMD group. Among the chickens fed the HE diets, those that received BMD treatment had a significantly increased (p = 0.003) villus width (13.3% increase) compared to those that received the basal diet. Improved population of Firmicutes was observed in chickens fed HE-BMD diet when compared to HE-BAS. Our results imply that BMD may be more effective in improving intestinal health when supplemented in a high-energy diet for broiler chickens.
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Chandla S, Harjai K, Shukla G. Synergistic Effect of Biogenics Derived from Potential Probiotics Together with Zingerone Against Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1481-1497. [PMID: 33783720 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biogenics are compounds produced by living organisms such as animals, plants, bacteria, etc. Probiotics and their biogenics are known for their antimicrobial potential. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the antibiofilm potential of probiotic-derived biogenics in conjunction with zingerone against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) of potential probiotics Pediococcus acidilactici BNS5B and Lactobacillus fermentum PUM was found to inhibit the growth of Ps. aeruginosa PAO1 maximally among the nineteen isolated lactic acid bacteria. L. fermentum PUM produced precipitated protein fraction (PP), organic acids (OAs), exopolysaccharides (EPSs), biosurfactants (BSs) and various volatile antimicrobial compounds, while Ped. acidilactici BNS5B was found to produce PP, OA, EPS, BS and fewer volatile antimicrobial compounds only. More specifically, CFS and selected biogenics (OA and PP from L. fermentum PUM; OA from Ped. acidilactici BNS5B) of both potential probiotics showed synergy with zingerone against Ps. aeruginosa growth as observed by FIC index (< 0.5). Interestingly, CFS of both potential probiotics in combination with zingerone led to the formation of a more distorted biofilm compared with OA of L. fermentum PUM and zingerone, OA of Ped. acidilactici BNS5B and zingerone, PP of L. fermentum PUM and zingerone as well as their individual counterparts. Similarly, both confocal laser scanning microscopy and XTT assay showed an increased number of dead and impaired cells along with the decreased viability of biofilm cells. Thus, it can be reckoned that a combination of probiotic-derived biogenics and zingerone can have therapeutic application against Ps. aeruginosa infections which needs to be validated clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Chandla
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Basic Medical Sciences (Block-1), South Campus Sector-25, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Basic Medical Sciences (Block-1), South Campus Sector-25, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Geeta Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Basic Medical Sciences (Block-1), South Campus Sector-25, 160014, Chandigarh, India.
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Modulation of Human Beta-Defensin 2 Expression by Pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis and Commensal Lactobacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:AAC.02002-20. [PMID: 33468461 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02002-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in the defense against pathogens by targeting and killing invading microbes. Some pathogenic bacteria have been shown to negatively regulate AMP expression, while several commensals may induce AMP expression. The expression of certain AMPs, such as human beta-defensin 2 (hBD2), can be induced via nuclear factor NF-κB, which, in turn, is negatively controlled by tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3, or A20). In this work, we examined the expression of hBD1 and hBD2 during coincubation of pharyngeal epithelial cells with pathogenic Neisseria meningitidis and commensal lactobacilli. The Lactobacillus strains induced hBD2 expression in human pharyngeal cells, while the pathogen N. meningitidis did not. In coincubation experiments, meningococci were able to dampen the AMP expression induced by lactobacilli. We found that N. meningitidis induced the NF-κB inhibitor A20. Further, RNA silencing of A20 resulted in increased hBD2 expression after meningococcal infection. Since it is known that induction of A20 reduces NF-κB activity and thus hBD2 levels, meningococcal-mediated A20 induction could be a way for the pathogen to dampen AMP expression. Finally, treatment of N. meningitidis and lactobacilli with synthetic hBD2 reduced N. meningitidis viability more efficiently than Lactobacillus reuteri, explaining why maintaining low AMP levels is important for the survival of the pathogen.
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Noohi N, Papizadeh M, Rohani M, Talebi M, Pourshafie MR. Screening for probiotic characters in lactobacilli isolated from chickens revealed the intra-species diversity of Lactobacillus brevis. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:119-126. [PMID: 33997339 PMCID: PMC8110883 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Considering the importance of the poultry industry and the increasing interest in alternative growth promoters, probiotics are considered as a potential candidate for use in the poultry industry. In this study, Lactobacillus species were isolated from 21 rectal swabs of 11 healthy 6-day-old and 10 healthy 21-day-old chickens and their fecal and feed samples. The isolates were characterized and their probiotic characteristics, including resistance to gastric acid and bile salts, biofilm formation and adherence to epithelium or mucus, amylase and protease activity and production of inhibitory compounds, were assessed. From 31 acid and bile resistant lactobacilli, only 2 Lactobacillus brevis and 1 Lactobacillus reuteri strains showed significant probiotic properties. These isolates indicated detectable attachment to Caco-2 cells and significant antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Additionally, phenotypic and genotypic diversity of lactobacilli isolates were studied by Phene Plate (PhP) system (PhP-LB) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR, respectively. PhP-LB results of 24 L. brevis isolates showed a high phenotypic variation among the isolates. In comparison, results of RAPD-PCR highlighted a low diversity. Therefore, it seems that combination of the 2 techniques (PhP and RAPD-PCR) could result in a significant discriminatory power than each of them used alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Noohi
- Research Center for Conservation of Cultural Relics, Research Center of Iranian Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moslem Papizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Effects of dietary Macleaya cordata extract inclusion on transcriptomes and inflammatory response in the lower gut of early weaned goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Deng W, Dittoe DK, Pavilidis HO, Chaney WE, Yang Y, Ricke SC. Current Perspectives and Potential of Probiotics to Limit Foodborne Campylobacter in Poultry. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:583429. [PMID: 33414767 PMCID: PMC7782433 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.583429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry has been one of the major contributors of Campylobacter related human foodborne illness. Numerous interventions have been applied to limit Campylobacter colonization in poultry at the farm level, but other strategies are under investigation to achieve more efficient control. Probiotics are viable microbial cultures that can establish in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the host animal and elicit health and nutrition benefits. In addition, the early establishment of probiotics in the GIT can serve as a barrier to foodborne pathogen colonization. Thus, probiotics are a potential feed additive for reducing and eliminating the colonization of Campylobacter in the GIT of poultry. Screening probiotic candidates is laborious and time-consuming, requiring several tests and validations both in vitro and in vivo. The selected probiotic candidate should possess the desired physiological characteristics and anti-Campylobacter effects. Probiotics that limit Campylobacter colonization in the GIT rely on different mechanistic strategies such as competitive exclusion, antagonism, and immunomodulation. Although numerous research efforts have been made, the application of Campylobacter limiting probiotics used in poultry remains somewhat elusive. This review summarizes current research progress on identifying and developing probiotics against Campylobacter and presenting possible directions for future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Deng
- Center of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Dana K. Dittoe
- Center of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | | | | | - Yichao Yang
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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Johnson C, Duong T, Smith K, Augspurger N, Lee J. Administration of Bacillus cultures as direct-fed microorganisms improves growth performance and reduces mortality of broilers raised under performance-reducing stress challenge. J APPL POULTRY RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Administration of direct-fed Bacillus cultures and refined functional carbohydrates to broiler chickens improves growth performance and promotes positive shifts in gastrointestinal microbiota. J APPL POULTRY RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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