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Xia C, Zhang X, Zuo Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang B, Deng H. Genome-wide identification, expression analysis, and abiotic stress response of the CBL and CIPK gene families in Artocarpus nanchuanensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131454. [PMID: 38588845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Artocarpus nanchuanensis, the northernmost species in the jackfruit genus, has great economic and horticultural value due to its nutritious fruit and beautiful tree shape. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) act as plant-specific Ca2+ sensors and participate in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses by interacting with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). However, the characteristics and functions of the CBL and CIPK genes in A. nanchuanensis are still unclear. Here, we identified 14 CBL and 33 CIPK genes from the A. nanchuanensis genome, and based on phylogenetic analysis, they were divided into 4 and 7 clades, respectively. Gene structure and motif analysis indicated that the AnCBL and AnCIPK genes were relatively conserved. Colinear analysis showed that segmental duplication contributed to the expansion of the AnCBL and AnCIPK gene families. Expression analysis showed that AnCBL and AnCIPK genes were widely expressed in various tissues of A. nanchuanensis and exhibited tissue-specific expression. In addition, three genes (AnCBL6, AnCIPK7/8) may play important roles in response to salt, cold, and drought stresses. In summary, this study lays an important foundation for the improvement of stress resistance in A. nanchuanensis and provides new insight for the functional research on CBL and CIPK gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Xia
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youwei Zuo
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binru Wang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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2
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Yang C, Yi-feng J, Yushu W, Yansong G, Qi W, Xue Y. Diverse roles of the CIPK gene family in transcription regulation and various biotic and abiotic stresses: A literature review and bibliometric study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1041078. [PMID: 36457742 PMCID: PMC9705351 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CIPKs are a subclass of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases. CBLs are ubiquitous Ca2+ sensors that interact with CIPK with the aid of secondary Ca2+ messengers for regulation of growth and development and response to stresses faced by plants. The divergent roles of the CIPK-CBL interaction in plants include responding to environmental stresses (salt, cold, drought, pH, ABA signaling, and ion toxicity), ion homeostasis (K+, NH4 +, NO3 -, and microelement homeostasis), biotic stress, and plant development. Each member of this gene family produces distinct proteins that help plants adapt to diverse stresses or stimuli by interacting with calcium ion signals. CIPK consists of two structural domains-an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain-connected by a junction domain. The N-terminal domain, the site of phosphorylation, is also called the activation domain and kinase domain. The C-terminal, also known as the regulatory domain of CIPK, further comprises NAF/FISL and PPI. CBL comprises four EF domains and conserved PFPF motifs and is the site of binding with the NAF/FISL domain of CIPK to form a CBL-CIPK complex. In addition, we also performed a bibliometric analysis of the CIPK gene family of data extracted from the WoSCC. A total of 95 documents were retrieved, which had been published by 47 sources. The production over time was zigzagged. The top key terms were gene, CIPK, abiotic stress, and gene expression. Beijing Forestry University was the top affiliation, while The Plant Cell was the top source. The genomics and metabolomics of this gene family require more study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jin Yi-feng
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wang Yushu
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Gao Yansong
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wang Qi
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - You Xue
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
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3
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Kuang L, Yu J, Shen Q, Fu L, Wu L. Identification of microRNAs Responding to Aluminium, Cadmium and Salt Stresses in Barley Roots. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122754. [PMID: 34961225 PMCID: PMC8704135 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants are frequently exposed to various abiotic stresses, including aluminum, cadmium and salinity stress. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) displays wide genetic diversity in its tolerance to various abiotic stresses. In this study, small RNA and degradome libraries from the roots of a barley cultivar, Golden Promise, treated with aluminum, cadmium and salt or controls were constructed to understand the molecular mechanisms of microRNAs in regulating tolerance to these stresses. A total of 525 microRNAs including 198 known and 327 novel members were identified through high-throughput sequencing. Among these, 31 microRNAs in 17 families were responsive to these stresses, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that their targeting genes were mostly highlighted as transcription factors. Furthermore, five (miR166a, miR166a-3p, miR167b-5p, miR172b-3p and miR390), four (MIR159a, miR160a, miR172b-5p and miR393) and three (miR156a, miR156d and miR171a-3p) microRNAs were specifically responsive to aluminum, cadmium and salt stress, respectively. Six miRNAs, i.e., miR156b, miR166a-5p, miR169a, miR171a-5p, miR394 and miR396e, were involved in the responses to the three stresses, with different expression patterns. A model of microRNAs responding to aluminum, cadmium and salt stresses was proposed, which may be helpful in comprehensively understanding the mechanisms of microRNAs in regulating stress tolerance in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Kuang
- Department of Architectural Engineering, Yuanpei College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Y.); (Q.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Jiahua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Y.); (Q.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Qiufang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Y.); (Q.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Liangbo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Y.); (Q.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Liyuan Wu
- Department of Architectural Engineering, Yuanpei College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Y.); (Q.S.); (L.F.)
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4
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Jamsheer K M, Kumar M, Srivastava V. SNF1-related protein kinase 1: the many-faced signaling hub regulating developmental plasticity in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6042-6065. [PMID: 33693699 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Snf1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is the plant homolog of the heterotrimeric AMP-activated protein kinase/sucrose non-fermenting 1 (AMPK/Snf1), which works as a major regulator of growth under nutrient-limiting conditions in eukaryotes. Along with its conserved role as a master regulator of sugar starvation responses, SnRK1 is involved in controlling the developmental plasticity and resilience under diverse environmental conditions in plants. In this review, through mining and analyzing the interactome and phosphoproteome data of SnRK1, we are highlighting its role in fundamental cellular processes such as gene regulation, protein synthesis, primary metabolism, protein trafficking, nutrient homeostasis, and autophagy. Along with the well-characterized molecular interaction in SnRK1 signaling, our analysis highlights several unchartered regions of SnRK1 signaling in plants such as its possible communication with chromatin remodelers, histone modifiers, and inositol phosphate signaling. We also discuss potential reciprocal interactions of SnRK1 signaling with other signaling pathways and cellular processes, which could be involved in maintaining flexibility and homeostasis under different environmental conditions. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the SnRK1 signaling network in plants and suggests many novel directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Jamsheer K
- Amity Food & Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Amity Food & Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Vibha Srivastava
- Department of Crop, Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Meng D, Dong B, Niu L, Song Z, Wang L, Amin R, Cao H, Li H, Yang Q, Fu Y. The pigeon pea CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 pair positively modulates drought tolerance by enhancing flavonoid biosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1278-1297. [PMID: 33733535 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a central role in Ca2+ signalling and promote drought tolerance in plants. The CIPK gene family in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), a major food crop affected by drought, has not previously been characterised. Here, we identified 28 CIPK genes in the pigeon pea genome. Five CcCIPK genes were strongly upregulated in roots upon drought treatment and were selected for further characterisation. Overexpression of CcCIPK13 and CcCIPK14 increased survival rates by two- to three-fold relative to controls after 14 days of drought. Furthermore, the three major flavonoids, genistin, genistein and apigenin, were significantly upregulated in the same transgenic plants. Using CcCIPK14 as bait, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and identified six interactors, including CcCBL1. CcCIPK14 exhibited autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of CcCBL1 in vitro. CcCBL1-overexpressed plants displayed higher survival rates upon drought stress as well as higher expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes and flavonoid content. CcCIPK14-overexpressed plants in which CcCBL1 transcript levels were reduced by RNA interference had lower survival rates, which indicated CcCBL1 in the same pathway as CcCIPK14. Together, our results demonstrate a role for the CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 complex in drought stress tolerance through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in pigeon pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Biying Dong
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Zhihua Song
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Litao Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Rohul Amin
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Hanghang Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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6
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Iqbal Z, Shariq Iqbal M, Singh SP, Buaboocha T. Ca 2+/Calmodulin Complex Triggers CAMTA Transcriptional Machinery Under Stress in Plants: Signaling Cascade and Molecular Regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:598327. [PMID: 33343600 PMCID: PMC7744605 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.598327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) ion is a critical ubiquitous intracellular second messenger, acting as a lead currency for several distinct signal transduction pathways. Transient perturbations in free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) concentrations are indispensable for the translation of signals into adaptive biological responses. The transient increase in [Ca2+]cyt levels is sensed by an array of Ca2+ sensor relay proteins such as calmodulin (CaM), eventually leading to conformational changes and activation of CaM. CaM, in a Ca2+-dependent manner, regulates several transcription factors (TFs) that are implicated in various molecular, physiological, and biochemical functions in cells. CAMTA (calmodulin-binding transcription activator) is one such member of the Ca2+-loaded CaM-dependent family of TFs. The present review focuses on Ca2+ as a second messenger, its interaction with CaM, and Ca2+/CaM-mediated CAMTA transcriptional regulation in plants. The review recapitulates the molecular and physiological functions of CAMTA in model plants and various crops, confirming its probable involvement in stress signaling pathways and overall plant development. Studying Ca2+/CaM-mediated CAMTA TF will help in answering key questions concerning signaling cascades and molecular regulation under stress conditions and plant growth, thus improving our knowledge for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iqbal
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Shariq Iqbal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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Gao H, Wang C, Li L, Fu D, Zhang Y, Yang P, Zhang T, Wang C. A novel role of the calcium sensor CBL1 in response to phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 253:153266. [PMID: 32854072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus acts as an essential macroelement in plant growth and development. A lack of phosphate (Pi) in arable soil and phosphate fertilizer resources is a vital limiting factor in crop yields. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) act as one of the most important calcium sensors in plants; however, whether CBLs are involved in Pi deficiency signaling pathway remains largely elusive. In this study, we utilized a reverse genetic strategy to screen Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion mutants belonging to the CBL family under Pi deficiency conditions. The cbl1 mutant exhibited a relatively tolerant phenotype, with longer roots, lower anthocyanin content, and elevated Pi content under Pi deficiency, and a more sensitive phenotype to arsenate treatment compared with wild-type plants. Moreover, CBL1 was upregulated, and the mutation of CBL1 caused phosphate starvation-induced (PSIs) genes to be significantly induced under Pi deficiency. Histochemical staining demonstrated that the cbl1 mutant has decreased acid phosphatase activity and hydrogen peroxide concentrations under Pi deficiency. Collectively, our results have revealed a novel role of CBL1 in maintaining Pi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Lu X, Li X, Xie D, Jiang C, Wang C, Li L, Zhang Y, Tian H, Gao H, Wang C. The Ca 2+ -regulated protein kinase CIPK1 integrates plant responses to phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:753-760. [PMID: 32445589 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) deficiency severely restricts plant growth and development, as Pi is an essential macronutrient. Calcium (Ca2+ ) is a ubiquitous second messenger in plants; calcineurin B-like proteins (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPK) are signalling pathways that act as an important Ca2+ signalling network which integrates plants to fine tune the response to stress; however, whether CIPK are involved in Pi deficiency stress remains largely unknown. In this study, we carried out a reverse genetic strategy to screen T-DNA insertion mutants of CIPK isoforms under Pi deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Then Pi content, transcription of phosphate starvation-induced (PSI) genes, acid phosphatase activity and hydrogen peroxide were determined in the wild-type (WT) and cipk1 mutant, respectively. The phenotype of CIPK1 complementation lines was analysed. The cipk1 mutant had a more sensitive phenotype, with lower root elongation and root length, and decreased Pi content compared with the WT under Pi deficiency. Moreover, CIPK1 mutation caused phosphate starvation-induced (PSI) genes to be significantly induced under Pi deficiency. Histological staining demonstrated that the cipk1 mutant had increased acid phosphatase activity and hydrogen peroxide concentration under Pi deficiency. By using the yeast two-hybrid system, we further demonstrated the interaction between CIPK1 and the WRKY transcription factors, WRKY6 and WRKY42. Overall, we demonstrate that CIPK1 is involved in the Pi deficiency signalling pathway in A. thaliana, revealing the important role of Ca2+ in the Pi nutrition signalling pathway, and potentially providing a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding of crops with better Pi utilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - D Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - C Jiang
- College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - L Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - H Tian
- College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - H Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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9
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Ma X, Li QH, Yu YN, Qiao YM, Haq SU, Gong ZH. The CBL-CIPK Pathway in Plant Response to Stress Signals. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5668. [PMID: 32784662 PMCID: PMC7461506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants need to cope with multitudes of stimuli throughout their lifecycles in their complex environments. Calcium acts as a ubiquitous secondary messenger in response to numerous stresses and developmental processes in plants. The major Ca2+ sensors, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) to form a CBL-CIPK signaling network, which functions as a key component in the regulation of multiple stimuli or signals in plants. In this review, we describe the conserved structure of CBLs and CIPKs, characterize the features of classification and localization, draw conclusions about the currently known mechanisms, with a focus on novel findings in response to multiple stresses, and summarize the physiological functions of the CBL-CIPK network. Moreover, based on the gradually clarified mechanisms of the CBL-CIPK complex, we discuss the present limitations and potential prospects for future research. These aspects may provide a deeper understanding and functional characterization of the CBL-CIPK pathway and other signaling pathways under different stresses, which could promote crop yield improvement via biotechnological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Quan-Hui Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
- Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Yi-Ming Qiao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Saeed ul Haq
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.M.); (Q.-H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.); (Y.-M.Q.); (S.u.H.)
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10
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Mwando E, Angessa TT, Han Y, Li C. Salinity tolerance in barley during germination- homologs and potential genes. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:93-121. [PMID: 32115909 PMCID: PMC7076347 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Salinity affects more than 6% of the world's total land area, causing massive losses in crop yield. Salinity inhibits plant growth and development through osmotic and ionic stresses; however, some plants exhibit adaptations through osmotic regulation, exclusion, and translocation of accumulated Na+ or Cl-. Currently, there are no practical, economically viable methods for managing salinity, so the best practice is to grow crops with improved tolerance. Germination is the stage in a plant's life cycle most adversely affected by salinity. Barley, the fourth most important cereal crop in the world, has outstanding salinity tolerance, relative to other cereal crops. Here, we review the genetics of salinity tolerance in barley during germination by summarizing reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and functional genes. The homologs of candidate genes for salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis, soybean, maize, wheat, and rice have been blasted and mapped on the barley reference genome. The genetic diversity of three reported functional gene families for salt tolerance during barley germination, namely dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) protein, somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase and aquaporin genes, is discussed. While all three gene families show great diversity in most plant species, the DREB gene family is more diverse in barley than in wheat and rice. Further to this review, a convenient method for screening for salinity tolerance at germination is needed, and the mechanisms of action of the genes involved in salt tolerance need to be identified, validated, and transferred to commercial cultivars for field production in saline soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Mwando
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Tefera Tolera Angessa
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
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11
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Saito S, Uozumi N. Calcium-Regulated Phosphorylation Systems Controlling Uptake and Balance of Plant Nutrients. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:44. [PMID: 32117382 PMCID: PMC7026023 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Essential elements taken up from the soil and distributed throughout the whole plant play diverse roles in different tissues. Cations and anions contribute to maintenance of intracellular osmolarity and the formation of membrane potential, while nitrate, ammonium, and sulfate are incorporated into amino acids and other organic compounds. In contrast to these ion species, calcium concentrations are usually kept low in the cytosol and calcium displays unique behavior as a cytosolic signaling molecule. Various environmental stresses stimulate increases in the cytosolic calcium concentration, leading to activation of calcium-regulated protein kinases and downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the stress responsive regulation of nutrient uptake and balancing by two types of calcium-regulated phosphorylation systems: CPK and CBL-CIPK. CPK is a family of protein kinases activated by calcium. CBL is a group of calcium sensor proteins that interact with CIPK kinases, which phosphorylate their downstream targets. In Arabidopsis, quite a few ion transport systems are regulated by CPKs or CBL-CIPK complexes, including channels/transporters that mediate transport of potassium (KAT1, KAT2, GORK, AKT1, AKT2, HAK5, SPIK), sodium (SOS1), ammonium (AMT1;1, AMT1;2), nitrate and chloride (SLAC1, SLAH2, SLAH3, NRT1.1, NRT2.4, NRT2.5), and proton (AHA2, V-ATPase). CPKs and CBL-CIPKs also play a role in C/N nutrient response and in acquisition of magnesium and iron. This functional regulation by calcium-dependent phosphorylation systems ensures the growth of plants and enables them to acquire tolerance against various environmental stresses. Calcium serves as the key factor for the regulation of membrane transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Saito
- *Correspondence: Shunya Saito, ; Nobuyuki Uozumi,
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12
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Aslam M, Fakher B, Jakada BH, Zhao L, Cao S, Cheng Y, Qin Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of CBL-CIPK Gene Family in Pineapple ( Ananas comosus) and the Role of AcCBL1 in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070293. [PMID: 31330847 PMCID: PMC6681290 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ serves as a ubiquitous second messenger regulating several aspects of plant growth and development. A group of unique calcium sensor proteins, calcineurin B-like (CBL), interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) to decode the Ca2+ signature inside the cell. Although CBL-CIPK signaling toolkit has been shown to play significant roles in the responses to numerous stresses in different plants, the information about pineapple CBL-CIPK remains obscure. In the present study, a total of eight AcCBL and 21 AcCIPK genes were identified genome-wide in pineapple. The identified genes were renamed on the basis of gene ID in ascending order and phylogenetic analysis divided into five groups. Transcriptomic data analysis showed that AcCBL and AcCIPK genes were expressed differentially in different tissues. Further, the expression analysis of AcCBL1 in different tissues showed significant changes under various abiotic stimuli. Additionally, the ectopic expression of AcCBL1 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced tolerance to salinity, osmotic, and fungal stress. The present study revealed the crucial contribution of the CBL-CIPK gene in various biological and physiological processes in pineapple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Beenish Fakher
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Life Science College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shijiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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13
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Jamsheer K M, Jindal S, Laxmi A. Evolution of TOR-SnRK dynamics in green plants and its integration with phytohormone signaling networks. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:2239-2259. [PMID: 30870564 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR)-sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) signaling is an ancient regulatory mechanism that originated in eukaryotes to regulate nutrient-dependent growth. Although the TOR-SnRK1 signaling cascade shows highly conserved functions among eukaryotes, studies in the past two decades have identified many important plant-specific innovations in this pathway. Plants also possess SnRK2 and SnRK3 kinases, which originated from the ancient SnRK1-related kinases and have specialized roles in controlling growth, stress responses and nutrient homeostasis in plants. Recently, an integrative picture has started to emerge in which different SnRKs and TOR kinase are highly interconnected to control nutrient and stress responses of plants. Further, these kinases are intimately involved with phytohormone signaling networks that originated at different stages of plant evolution. In this review, we highlight the evolution and divergence of TOR-SnRK signaling components in plants and their communication with each other as well as phytohormone signaling to fine-tune growth and stress responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Jamsheer K
- Amity Food & Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Sunita Jindal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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Dong S, Beckles DM. Dynamic changes in the starch-sugar interconversion within plant source and sink tissues promote a better abiotic stress response. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 234-235:80-93. [PMID: 30685652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Starch is a significant store of sugars, and the starch-sugar interconversion in source and sink tissues plays a profound physiological role in all plants. In this review, we discuss how changes in starch metabolism can facilitate adaptive changes in source-sink carbon allocation for protection against environmental stresses. The stress-related roles of starch are described, and published mechanisms by which starch metabolism responds to short- or long-term water deficit, salinity, or extreme temperatures are discussed. Numerous examples of starch metabolism as a stress response are also provided, focusing on studies where carbohydrates and cognate enzymes were assayed in source, sink, or both. We develop a model that integrates these findings with the theoretical and known roles of sugars and starch in various species, tissues, and developmental stages. In this model, localized starch degradation into sugars is vital to the plant cold stress response, with the sugars produced providing osmoprotection. In contrast, high starch accumulation is prominent under salinity stress, and is associated with higher assimilate allocation from source to sink. Our model explains how starch-sugar interconversion can be a convergent point for regulating carbon use in stress tolerance at the whole-plant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Dong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Diane M Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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15
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Kazemi-Shahandashti SS, Maali-Amiri R. Global insights of protein responses to cold stress in plants: Signaling, defence, and degradation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 226:123-135. [PMID: 29758377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress (CS) as one of the unfavorable abiotic tensions proceeds different aspects of plant responses. These responses are generated through CS effects on crucial processes such as photosynthesis, energy metabolism, ROS homeostasis, membrane fluidity and cell wall architecture. As a tolerance response, plants apply proteins in various strategies such as transferring the message of cold entrance named as signaling, producing defensive and protective molecules against the stress and degrading some unfavorable or unnecessary proteins to produce other required ones. A change in one part of these networks can irritate alternations in others. These strategies as acclimation mechanisms are conducted through gene expression reprogramming to provide a new adjusted metabolic homeostasis dependent on the stress severity and duration and plant species. Investigating protein alterations in metabolic pathways and their role in adjusting cellular components from upstream to downstream levels can provide a profound knowledge of plants tolerance mechanism against the damaging effects of CS. In this review, we summarized the activity of some cold-responsive proteins from the perception phase to tolerance response against CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyedeh-Sanam Kazemi-Shahandashti
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Maali-Amiri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran.
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16
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Hu W, Yan Y, Tie W, Ding Z, Wu C, Ding X, Wang W, Xia Z, Guo J, Peng M. Genome-Wide Analyses of Calcium Sensors Reveal Their Involvement in Drought Stress Response and Storage Roots Deterioration after Harvest in Cassava. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9040221. [PMID: 29671773 PMCID: PMC5924563 DOI: 10.3390/genes9040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a crucial role in plant development and responses to environmental stimuli. Currently, calmodulins (CaMs), calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs), and calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), such as Ca2+ sensors, are not well understood in cassava (Manihotesculenta Crantz), an important tropical crop. In the present study, 8 CaMs, 48 CMLs, and 9 CBLs were genome-wide identified in cassava, which were divided into two, four, and four groups, respectively, based on evolutionary relationship, protein motif, and gene structure analyses. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the expression diversity of cassava CaMs-CMLs-CBLs in distinct tissues and in response to drought stress in different genotypes. Generally, cassava CaMs-CMLs-CBLs showed different expression profiles between cultivated varieties (Arg7 and SC124) and wild ancestor (W14) after drought treatment. In addition, numerous CaMs-CMLs-CBLs were significantly upregulated at 6 h, 12 h, and 48 h after harvest, suggesting their possible role during storage roots (SR) deterioration. Further interaction network and co-expression analyses suggested that a CBL-mediated interaction network was widely involved in SR deterioration. Taken together, this study provides new insights into CaMs-CMLs-CBLs-mediated drought adaption and SR deterioration at the transcription level in cassava, and identifies some candidates for the genetic improvement of cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Weiwei Tie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Zehong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Chunlai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Xupo Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Jianchun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Ming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
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17
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Yang Q, Sang S, Chen Y, Wei Z, Wang P. The Role of Arabidopsis Inositol Polyphosphate Kinase AtIPK2β in Glucose Suppression of Seed Germination and Seedling Development. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:343-354. [PMID: 29216370 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination and subsequent seedling development are critical phases in plants. These processes are regulated by a complex molecular network in which sugar has been reported to play an essential role. However, factors affecting sugar responses remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that AtIPK2β, known to participate in the synthesis of myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (IP6, phytate), affects Arabidopsis responses to glucose during seed germination. The loss-of-function mutant atipk2β showed increased sensitivity to 6% glucose and paclobutrazol (PAC). Yeast two-hybrid assay showed that AtIPK2β interacts with sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase (SnRK1.1), and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and pull-down assay further confirmed this interaction. Moreover, AtIPK2β was phosphorylated by SnRK1.1 in vitro, and the effect of restoring AtIPK2β to yeast cells lacking IPK2 (Δipk2) was abolished by catalytically active SnRK1.1. Further analysis indicated that IP6 reduces the suppression of seed germination caused by glucose, accompanied by altered expression levels of glucose-/hormone-responsive genes. Collectively, these findings indicate that AtIPK2β and IP6 are involved in glucose suppression of seed germination and that AtIPK2β enzyme activity is likely to be regulated by SnRK1.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sihong Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhaoyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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18
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Okada K, Ito T, Fukazawa J, Takahashi Y. Gibberellin Induces an Increase in Cytosolic Ca 2+ via a DELLA-Independent Signaling Pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:1536-1542. [PMID: 29066668 PMCID: PMC5717747 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
DELLA proteins play a central role in gibberellin (GA) signaling. GA triggers DELLA degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thereby promoting plant growth. An increase in cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) was observed previously after several hours of GA application. Recent studies also suggest the existence of a DELLA-independent GA response. However, the effect of DELLA on the GA-induced increase in [Ca2+]cyt remains unknown. This study reexamined the effects of GAs on [Ca2+]cyt using the Ca2+ sensor protein aequorin in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). [Ca2+]cyt increased within a few minutes of GA treatment, even in transgenic plants expressing a mutated degradation-resistant version of REPRESSOR OF ga1-3 and in della pentuple mutant plants. In addition, it was also revealed that Ca2+ is not involved in DELLA degradation. These results suggest that the GA-induced increase in [Ca2+]cyt occurs via a DELLA-independent pathway, providing important information on the GA signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Okada
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Jutarou Fukazawa
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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19
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Salhi A, Negrão S, Essack M, Morton MJL, Bougouffa S, Razali R, Radovanovic A, Marchand B, Kulmanov M, Hoehndorf R, Tester M, Bajic VB. DES-TOMATO: A Knowledge Exploration System Focused On Tomato Species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5968. [PMID: 28729549 PMCID: PMC5519719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato is the most economically important horticultural crop used as a model to study plant biology and particularly fruit development. Knowledge obtained from tomato research initiated improvements in tomato and, being transferrable to other such economically important crops, has led to a surge of tomato-related research and published literature. We developed DES-TOMATO knowledgebase (KB) for exploration of information related to tomato. Information exploration is enabled through terms from 26 dictionaries and combination of these terms. To illustrate the utility of DES-TOMATO, we provide several examples how one can efficiently use this KB to retrieve known or potentially novel information. DES-TOMATO is free for academic and nonprofit users and can be accessed at http://cbrc.kaust.edu.sa/des_tomato/, using any of the mainstream web browsers, including Firefox, Safari and Chrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Salhi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sónia Negrão
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitchell J L Morton
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Bougouffa
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rozaimi Razali
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleksandar Radovanovic
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maxat Kulmanov
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Hoehndorf
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Tester
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir B Bajic
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Broeckx T, Hulsmans S, Rolland F. The plant energy sensor: evolutionary conservation and divergence of SnRK1 structure, regulation, and function. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6215-6252. [PMID: 27856705 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The SnRK1 (SNF1-related kinase 1) kinases are the plant cellular fuel gauges, activated in response to energy-depleting stress conditions to maintain energy homeostasis while also gatekeeping important developmental transitions for optimal growth and survival. Similar to their opisthokont counterparts (animal AMP-activated kinase, AMPK, and yeast Sucrose Non-Fermenting 1, SNF), they function as heterotrimeric complexes with a catalytic (kinase) α subunit and regulatory β and γ subunits. Although the overall configuration of the kinase complexes is well conserved, plant-specific structural modifications (including a unique hybrid βγ subunit) and associated differences in regulation reflect evolutionary divergence in response to fundamentally different lifestyles. While AMP is the key metabolic signal activating AMPK in animals, the plant kinases appear to be allosterically inhibited by sugar-phosphates. Their function is further fine-tuned by differential subunit expression, localization, and diverse post-translational modifications. The SnRK1 kinases act by direct phosphorylation of key metabolic enzymes and regulatory proteins, extensive transcriptional regulation (e.g. through bZIP transcription factors), and down-regulation of TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase signaling. Significant progress has been made in recent years. New tools and more directed approaches will help answer important fundamental questions regarding their structure, regulation, and function, as well as explore their potential as targets for selection and modification for improved plant performance in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Broeckx
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, University of Leuven-KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Hulsmans
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, University of Leuven-KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, University of Leuven-KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Guo W, Chen T, Hussain N, Zhang G, Jiang L. Characterization of Salinity Tolerance of Transgenic Rice Lines Harboring HsCBL8 of Wild Barley ( Hordeum spontanum) Line from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1678. [PMID: 27891136 PMCID: PMC5102885 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice is more sensitive to salinity, particularly at its early vegetative and later productive stages. Wild plants growing in harsh environments such as wild barley from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau adapt to the adverse environment with allelic variations at the loci responsible for stressful environment, which could be used for rice genetic improvement. In this study, we overexpressed HsCBL8 encoding a calcium-sensor calcineurin B-like (CBL) protein in rice. The gene was isolated from XZ166, a wild-barley (Hordeum spontanum) line originated from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We found that XZ166 responded to high NaCl concentration (200 mM) with more HsCBL8 transcripts than CM72, a cultivated barley line known for salinity tolerance. XZ166 is significantly different from CM72 with nucleotide sequences at HsCBL8. The overexpression of HsCBL8 in rice resulted in significant improvement of water protection in vivo and plasma membrane, more proline accumulation, and a reduction of overall Na+ uptake but little change in K+ concentration in the plant tissues. Notably, HsCBL8 did not act on some genes downstream of the rice CBL family genes, suggesting an interesting interaction between HsCBL8 and unknown factors to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Guo
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Tianlong Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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22
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Ok SH, Cho JH, Oh SI, Choi MN, Ma JY, Shin JS, Kim KN. Calcineurin B-like 3 calcium sensor associates with and inhibits 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase 2 in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 238:228-40. [PMID: 26259190 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins constitute a unique family of calcium sensor relays in plants. It is well known that CBLs detect the calcium signals elicited by a variety of abiotic stresses and relay the information to a group of serine/threonine protein kinases called CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). In this study, we found that a few CBL members can also target another group of enzymes 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidases (MTANs), which are encoded by two genes in Arabidopsis, AtMTAN1 and AtMTAN2. In the yeast two-hybrid system, AtMTAN1 interacted with multiple CBL members such as CBL2, CBL3 and CBL6, whereas AtMTAN2 associated exclusively with CBL3. We further demonstrated that the CBL3-AtMTAN2 association occurs in a calcium-dependent manner, which results in a significant decrease in the enzyme activity of the AtMTAN2 protein. Taken together, these results clearly indicate that the CBL family can target at least two distinct groups of enzymes (CIPKs and MTANs), conferring an additional level of complexity on the CBL-mediated signaling networks. In addition, our finding also provides a novel molecular mechanism by which calcium signals are transduced to alter metabolite profiles in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Han Ok
- Department of Molecular Biology, PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyuk Cho
- Department of Molecular Biology, PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ick Oh
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Na Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yeon Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sheop Shin
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Meena MK, Ghawana S, Sardar A, Dwivedi V, Khandal H, Roy R, Chattopadhyay D. Investigation of genes encoding calcineurin B-like protein family in legumes and their expression analyses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123640. [PMID: 25853855 PMCID: PMC4390317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that transmits various internal and external signals including stresses and, therefore, is important for plants’ response process. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are one of the plant calcium sensors, which sense and convey the changes in cytosolic Ca2+-concentration for response process. A search in four leguminous plant (soybean, Medicago truncatula, common bean and chickpea) genomes identified 9 to 15 genes in each species that encode CBL proteins. Sequence analyses of CBL peptides and coding sequences (CDS) suggested that there are nine original CBL genes in these legumes and some of them were multiplied during whole genome or local gene duplication. Coding sequences of chickpea CBL genes (CaCBL) were cloned from their cDNAs and sequenced, and their annotations in the genome assemblies were corrected accordingly. Analyses of protein sequences and gene structures of CBL family in plant kingdom indicated its diverse origin but showed a remarkable conservation in overall protein structure with appearance of complex gene structure in the course of evolution. Expression of CaCBL genes in different tissues and in response to different stress and hormone treatment were studied. Most of the CaCBL genes exhibited high expression in flowers. Expression profile of CaCBL genes in response to different abiotic stresses and hormones related to development and stresses (ABA, auxin, cytokinin, SA and JA) at different time intervals suggests their diverse roles in development and plant defence in addition to abiotic stress tolerance. These data not only contribute to a better understanding of the complex regulation of chickpea CBL gene family, but also provide valuable information for further research in chickpea functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Meena
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sanjay Ghawana
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atish Sardar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Vikas Dwivedi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Hitaishi Khandal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Riti Roy
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Debasis Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- * E-mail:
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24
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Feng ZJ, Cui XY, Cui XY, Chen M, Yang GX, Ma YZ, He GY, Xu ZS. The soybean GmDi19-5 interacts with GmLEA3.1 and increases sensitivity of transgenic plants to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:179. [PMID: 25852726 PMCID: PMC4371698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Drought-induced (Di19) proteins played important roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. In the present study, a total of seven Di19 genes were identified in soybean. Each soybean Di19 gene showed specific responses to salt, drought, oxidative, and ABA stresses based on expression profiles. With a relatively higher transcript level among Di19 members under four stress treatments, GmDi19-5 was selected for detailed analysis. Inhibitor assays revealed that ABA inhibitor (Fluridone) or H2O2 inhibitor (DMTU) was involved in the drought- or salt-induced transcription of GmDi19-5. The GUS activity driven by the GmDi19-5 promoter was induced by salt, PEG, ABA, and MV treatments and tended to be accumulated in the vascular bundles and young leaves. A subcellular localization assay showed that GmDi19-5 protein localized in the nucleus. Further investigation showed that GmDi19-5 protein was involved in the interaction with GmLEA3.1. Overexpression of GmDi19-5 increased sensitivity of transgenic Arabidopsis plants to salt, drought, oxidative, and ABA stresses and regulated expression of several ABA/stress-associated genes. This present investigation showed that GmDi19-5 functioned as a negative factor under abiotic stresses and was involved in ABA and SOS signaling pathway by altering transcription of stress-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Juan Feng
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cui
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
| | - Xi-Yan Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
| | - Guang-Yuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing, China
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25
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Kanwar P, Sanyal SK, Tokas I, Yadav AK, Pandey A, Kapoor S, Pandey GK. Comprehensive structural, interaction and expression analysis of CBL and CIPK complement during abiotic stresses and development in rice. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:81-95. [PMID: 24970010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion is involved in diverse physiological and developmental pathways. One of the important roles of calcium is a signaling messenger, which regulates signal transduction in plants. CBL (calcineurin B-like protein) is one of the calcium sensors that specifically interact with a family of serine-threonine protein kinases designated as CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). The coordination of these two gene families defines complexity of the signaling networks in several stimulus-response-coupling during various environmental stresses. In Arabidopsis, both of these gene families have been extensively studied. To understand in-depth mechanistic interplay of CBL-CIPK mediated signaling pathways, expression analysis of entire set of CBL and CIPK genes in rice genome under three abiotic stresses (salt, cold and drought) and different developmental stages (3-vegetative stages and 11-reproductive stages) were done using microarray expression data. Interestingly, expression analysis showed that rice CBLs and CIPKs are not only involved in the abiotic stress but their significant role is also speculated in the developmental processes. Chromosomal localization of rice CBL and CIPK genes reveals that only OsCBL7 and OsCBL8 shows tandem duplication among CBLs whereas CIPKs were evolved by many tandem as well as segmental duplications. Duplicated OsCIPK genes showed variable expression pattern indicating the role of gene duplication in the extension and functional diversification of CIPK gene family in rice. Arabidopsis SOS3/CBL4 related genes in rice (OsCBL4, OsCBL5, OsCBL7 and OsCBL8) were employed for interaction studies with rice and Arabidopsis CIPKs. OsCBLs and OsCIPKs are not only found structurally similar but likely to be functionally equivalent to Arabidopsis CBLs and CIPKs genes since SOS3/CBL4 related OsCBLs interact with more or less similarly to rice and Arabidopsis CIPKs and exhibited an interaction pattern comparable with Arabidopsis SOS3/CBL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Indu Tokas
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Akhilesh K Yadav
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India.
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26
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Ho CH, Frommer WB. Fluorescent sensors for activity and regulation of the nitrate transceptor CHL1/NRT1.1 and oligopeptide transporters. eLife 2014; 3:e01917. [PMID: 24623305 PMCID: PMC3950950 DOI: 10.7554/elife.01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To monitor nitrate and peptide transport activity in vivo, we converted the dual-affinity nitrate transceptor CHL1/NRT1.1/NPF6.3 and four related oligopeptide transporters PTR1, 2, 4, and 5 into fluorescence activity sensors (NiTrac1, PepTrac). Substrate addition to yeast expressing transporter fusions with yellow fluorescent protein and mCerulean triggered substrate-dependent donor quenching or resonance energy transfer. Fluorescence changes were nitrate/peptide-specific, respectively. Like CHL1, NiTrac1 had biphasic kinetics. Mutation of T101A eliminated high-affinity transport and blocked the fluorescence response to low nitrate. NiTrac was used for characterizing side chains considered important for substrate interaction, proton coupling, and regulation. We observed a striking correlation between transport activity and sensor output. Coexpression of NiTrac with known calcineurin-like proteins (CBL1, 9; CIPK23) and candidates identified in an interactome screen (CBL1, KT2, WNKinase 8) blocked NiTrac1 responses, demonstrating the suitability for in vivo analysis of activity and regulation. The new technology is applicable in plant and medical research. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01917.001 About 1% of global energy output is used to produce nitrogen-enriched fertiliser to improve crop yields, but much of this energy is wasted because plants absorb only a fraction of the nitrogen that is applied as fertiliser. Even worse, the excess nitrogen leaches into water sources, poisoning the environment and causing health problems. However, to date, most efforts to increase the efficiency of nitrogen uptake in plants have been unsuccessful. The key to improving the uptake efficiency of a nutrient is to identify obstacles in its journey from the soil to cells inside the plant. The first obstacle that nitrate ions encounter is the membrane of the cells on the surface of the roots of the plant. Many researchers believe that it would be possible to increase the amount of nitrogen absorbed by the plant if more was known about the ways that plants control how nitrate ions and other chemicals enter cells. The cell membrane contains gated pores called transporters that allow particular molecules to pass through it. Although the transporters responsible for the uptake of nitrate ions, peptides, and ammonium ions (the main nitrogen compounds that plants acquire) have been identified, current experimental techniques cannot determine when and where a specific transporter is active within a living plant. This makes it difficult to know where to target modifications and to determine how effective they have been at each step. The nitrate transporter also acts as an antenna that measures nitrate concentration to ensure it is used optimally in the plant, but current techniques cannot show how this actually works. Now, Ho and Frommer have exploited the fact that a transporter changes shape as it does its job to create sensors that can track the movement of nitrate and peptides through the cell membrane. By using fluorescent proteins to monitor how the shape of the transporter changes, Ho and Frommer were able to measure how structural mutations and regulatory proteins influenced the movement of nitrate and peptides through the membrane. For efficiency, all of this work was performed in yeast cells. The next goal is to use the technique in plants to uncover how they adjust to changes in nutrient levels in the soil. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01917.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, United States
| | - Wolf B Frommer
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, United States
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27
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Yu Q, An L, Li W. The CBL-CIPK network mediates different signaling pathways in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:203-14. [PMID: 24097244 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The calcineurin B-like protein-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CBL-CIPK) signaling pathway in plants is a Ca²⁺-related pathway that responds strongly to both abiotic and biotic environmental stimuli. The CBL-CIPK system shows variety, specificity, and complexity in response to different stresses, and the CBL-CIPK signaling pathway is regulated by complex mechanisms in plant cells. As a plant-specific Ca²⁺ sensor relaying pathway, the CBL-CIPK pathway has some crosstalk with other signaling pathways. In addition, research has shown that there is crosstalk between the CBL-CIPK pathway and the low-K⁺ response pathway, the ABA signaling pathway, the nitrate sensing and signaling pathway, and others. In this paper, we summarize and review research discoveries on the CBL-CIPK network. We focus on the different modification and regulation mechanisms (phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, dual lipid modification) of the CBL-CIPK network, the expression patterns and functions of CBL-CIPK network genes, the responses of this network to abiotic stresses, and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways. We also discuss the technical research methods used to analyze the CBL-CIPK network and some of its newly discovered functions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyang Yu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian, Liaoning, China,
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28
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Steinhorst L, Kudla J. Calcium and reactive oxygen species rule the waves of signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:471-85. [PMID: 23898042 PMCID: PMC3793029 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.222950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling and reactive oxygen species signaling are directly connected, and both contribute to cell-to-cell signal propagation in plants.
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