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Zitzmann FD, Schmidt S, Frank R, Weigel W, Meier M, Jahnke HG. Microcavity well-plate for automated parallel bioelectronic analysis of 3D cell cultures. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 250:116042. [PMID: 38266619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture models serve as valuable tools for accurately replicating cellular microenvironments found in vivo. While cell culture technologies are rapidly advancing, the availability of non-invasive, real-time, and label-free analysis methods for 3D cultures remains limited. To meet the demand for higher-throughput drug screening, there is a demanding need for analytical methods that can operate in parallel. Microelectrode systems in combination with microcavity arrays (MCAs), offer the capability of spatially resolved electrochemical impedance analysis and field potential monitoring of 3D cultures. However, the fabrication and handling of small-scale MCAs have been labour-intensive, limiting their broader application. To overcome this challenge, we have established a process for creating MCAs in a standard 96-well plate format using high-precision selective laser etching. In addition, to automate and ensure the accurate placement of 3D cultures on the MCA, we have designed and characterized a plug-in tool using SLA-3D-printing. To characterize our new 96-well plate MCA-based platform, we conducted parallel analyses of human melanoma 3D cultures and monitored the effect of cisplatin in real-time by impedance spectroscopy. In the following we demonstrate the capabilities of the MCA approach by analysing contraction rates of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte aggregates in response to cardioactive compounds. In summary, our MCA system significantly expands the possibilities for label-free analysis of 3D cell and tissue cultures, offering an order of magnitude higher parallelization capacity than previous devices. This advancement greatly enhances its applicability in real-world settings, such as drug development or clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska D Zitzmann
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; b-ACT Matter, Research and Transfer Centre for bioactive Matter, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny Frank
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Weigel
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany; Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Biochemical Cell Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Sakamoto K, Matsumoto S, Abe N, Sentoku M, Yasuda K. Importance of Spatial Arrangement of Cardiomyocyte Network for Precise and Stable On-Chip Predictive Cardiotoxicity Measurement. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:854. [PMID: 37421087 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the advantages of human stem cell-derived cell-based preclinical screening is the reduction of the false negative/positive misjudgment of lead compounds for predicting their effectiveness and risks during the early stage of development. However, as the community effect of cells was neglected in the conventional single cell-based in vitro screening, the potential difference in results caused by the cell number and their spatial arrangement differences has not yet been sufficiently evaluated. Here, we have investigated the effect of the community size and spatial arrangement difference for cardiomyocyte network response against the proarrhythmic compounds from the viewpoint of in vitro cardiotoxicity. Using three different typical types of cell networks of cardiomyocytes, small cluster, large square sheet, and large closed-loop sheet were formed in shaped agarose microchambers fabricated on a multielectrode array chip simultaneously, and their responses were compared against the proarrhythmic compound, E-4031. The interspike intervals (ISIs) in large square sheets and closed-loop sheets were durable and maintained stable against E-4031 even at a high dose of 100 nM. In contrast, those in the small cluster, which fluctuated even without E-4031, acquired stable beating reflecting the antiarrhythmic efficacy of E-4031 from a 10 nM medium dose administration. The repolarization index, field potential duration (FPD), was prolonged in closed-loop sheets with 10 nM E-4031, even though small clusters and large sheets remained normal at this concentration. Moreover, FPDs of large sheets were the most durable against E-4031 among the three geometries of cardiomyocyte networks. The results showed the apparent spatial arrangement dependence on the stability of their interspike intervals, and FPD prolongation, indicating the importance of the geometry control of cell networks for representing the appropriate response of cardiomyocytes against the adequate amount of compounds for in vitro ion channel measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Sakamoto
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Suguru Matsumoto
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Nanami Abe
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sentoku
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Yasuda
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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Sun X, Xiang Y, Liu M, Xu X, Zhang L, Zhuang L, Wang P, Wang Q. High-performance and -efficiency cardiomyocyte-based potential biosensor for temporal-specific detection of ion channel marine toxins. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 220:114837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pivato R, Klimovic S, Kabanov D, Sverák F, Pesl M, Pribyl J, Rotrekl V. hESC derived cardiomyocyte biosensor to detect the different types of arrhythmogenic properties of drugs. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1216:339959. [PMID: 35691674 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we introduce a new cell-based biosensor for detecting arrhythmias based on a novel utilization of the combination of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) lateral force measurement as a nanosensor with a dual 3D cardiomyocyte syncytium. Two spontaneously coupled clusters of cardiomyocytes form this. The syncytium's functional contraction behavior was assessed using video sequences analyzed with Musclemotion ImageJ/Fiji software, and immunocytochemistry evaluated phenotype composition. The application of caffeine solution induced arrhythmia as a model drug, and its spontaneous resolution was monitored by AFM lateral force recording and interpretation and calcium fluorescence imaging as a reference method describing non-synchronized contractions of cardiomyocytes. The phenotypic analysis revealed the syncytium as a functional contractile and conduction cardiac behavior model. Calcium fluorescence imaging was used to validate that AFM fully enabled to discriminate cardiac arrhythmias in this in vitro cellular model. The described novel 3D hESCs-based cellular biosensor is suitable to detect arrhythmic events on the level of cardiac contractile and conduction tissue cellular model. The resulting biosensor allows for screening of arrhythmogenic properties of tailored drugs enabling its use in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pivato
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center at St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Klimovic
- International Clinical Research Center at St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniil Kabanov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Sverák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center at St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pesl
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center at St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic; First Department of Internal Medicine - Cardioangiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pribyl
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Rotrekl
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center at St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic.
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A predictive in vitro risk assessment platform for pro-arrhythmic toxicity using human 3D cardiac microtissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10228. [PMID: 33986332 PMCID: PMC8119415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity of pharmaceutical drugs, industrial chemicals, and environmental toxicants can be severe, even life threatening, which necessitates a thorough evaluation of the human response to chemical compounds. Predicting risks for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death accurately is critical for defining safety profiles. Currently available approaches have limitations including a focus on single select ion channels, the use of non-human species in vitro and in vivo, and limited direct physiological translation. We have advanced the robustness and reproducibility of in vitro platforms for assessing pro-arrhythmic cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac fibroblasts in 3-dimensional microtissues. Using automated algorithms and statistical analyses of eight comprehensive evaluation metrics of cardiac action potentials, we demonstrate that tissue-engineered human cardiac microtissues respond appropriately to physiological stimuli and effectively differentiate between high-risk and low-risk compounds exhibiting blockade of the hERG channel (E4031 and ranolazine, respectively). Further, we show that the environmental endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol-A (BPA) causes acute and sensitive disruption of human action potentials in the nanomolar range. Thus, this novel human 3D in vitro pro-arrhythmic risk assessment platform addresses critical needs in cardiotoxicity testing for both environmental and pharmaceutical compounds and can be leveraged to establish safe human exposure levels.
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A Scalable Approach Reveals Functional Responses of iPSC Cardiomyocyte 3D Spheroids. SLAS DISCOVERY 2020; 26:352-363. [DOI: 10.1177/2472555220975332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide an in vitro model of the human myocardium. Complex 3D scaffolded culture methods improve the phenotypical maturity of iPSC-CMs, although typically at the expense of throughput. We have developed a novel, scalable approach that enables the use of iPSC-CM 3D spheroid models in a label-free readout system in a standard 96-well plate-based format. Spheroids were accurately positioned onto recording electrodes using a magnetic gold–iron oxide nanoparticle approach. Remarkably, both contractility (impedance) and extracellular field potentials (EFPs) could be detected from the actively beating spheroids over long durations and after automated dosing with pharmacological agents. The effects on these parameters of factors, such as co-culture (including human primary cardiac fibroblasts), extracellular buffer composition, and electrical pacing, were investigated. Beat amplitudes were increased greater than 15-fold by co-culture with fibroblasts. Optimization of extracellular Ca2+ fluxes and electrical pacing promoted the proper physiological response to positive inotropic agonists of increased beat amplitude (force) rather than the increased beat rate often observed in iPSC-CM studies. Mechanistically divergent repolarizations in different spheroid models were indicated by their responses to BaCl2 compared with E-4031. These studies demonstrate a new method that enables the pharmacological responses of 3D iPSC-CM spheroids to be determined in a label-free, standardized, 96-well plate-based system. This approach could have discovery applications across cardiovascular efficacy and safety, where parameters typically sought as readouts of iPSC-CM maturity or physiological relevance have the potential to improve assay predictivity.
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Wei X, Zhuang L, Li H, He C, Wan H, Hu N, Wang P. Advances in Multidimensional Cardiac Biosensing Technologies: From Electrophysiology to Mechanical Motion and Contractile Force. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2005828. [PMID: 33230867 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is currently a leading killer to human, while drug-induced cardiotoxicity remains the main cause of the withdrawal and attrition of drugs. Taking clinical correlation and throughput into account, cardiomyocyte is perfect as in vitro cardiac model for heart disease modeling, drug discovery, and cardiotoxicity assessment by accurately measuring the physiological multiparameters of cardiomyocytes. Remarkably, cardiomyocytes present both electrophysiological and biomechanical characteristics due to the unique excitation-contraction coupling, which plays a significant role in studying the cardiomyocytes. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances of biosensing technologies for the 2D and 3D cardiac models with three special properties: electrophysiology, mechanical motion, and contractile force. These high-performance multidimensional cardiac models are popular and effective to rebuild and mimic the heart in vitro. To help understand the high-quality and accurate physiologies, related detection techniques are highly demanded, from microtechnology to nanotechnology, from extracellular to intracellular recording, from multiple cells to single cell, and from planar to 3D models. Furthermore, the characteristics, advantages, limitations, and applications of these cardiac biosensing technologies, as well as the future development prospects should contribute to the systematization and expansion of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Liujing Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanjiang He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
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8
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Drug response analysis for scaffold-free cardiac constructs fabricated using bio-3D printer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8972. [PMID: 32487993 PMCID: PMC7265390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac constructs fabricated using human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSCs-CMs) are useful for evaluating the cardiotoxicity of and cardiac response to new drugs. Previously, we fabricated scaffold-free three-dimensional (3D) tubular cardiac constructs using a bio-3D printer, which can load cardiac spheroids onto a needle array. In this study, we developed a method to measure the contractile force and to evaluate the drug response in cardiac constructs. Specifically, we measured the movement of the needle tip upon contraction of the cardiac constructs on the needle array. The contractile force and beating rate of the cardiac constructs were evaluated by analysing changes in the movement of the needle tip. To evaluate the drug response, contractile properties were measured following treatment with isoproterenol, propranolol, or blebbistatin, in which the movement of the needle tip was increased following isoproterenol treatment, but was decreased following propranolol or blebbistain, treatments. To evaluate cardiotoxicity, contraction and cell viability of the cardiac constructs were measured following doxorubicin treatment. Cell viability was found to decrease with decreasing movement of the needle tip following doxorubicin treatment. Collectively, our results show that this method can aid in evaluating the contractile force of cardiac constructs.
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Zuppinger C. 3D Cardiac Cell Culture: A Critical Review of Current Technologies and Applications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:87. [PMID: 31294032 PMCID: PMC6606697 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is often mentioned in the context of regenerative medicine, for example, for the replacement of ischemic myocardium with tissue-engineered muscle constructs. Additionally, 3D cell culture is used, although less commonly, in basic research, toxicology, and drug development. These applications have recently benefited from innovations in stem cell technologies allowing the mass-production of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes or other cardiovascular cells, and from new culturing methods including organ-on-chip and bioprinting technologies. On the analysis side, improved sensors, computer-assisted image analysis, and data collection techniques have lowered the bar for switching to 3D cell culture models. Nevertheless, 3D cell culture is not as widespread or standardized as traditional cell culture methods using monolayers of cells on flat surfaces. The many possibilities of 3D cell culture, but also its limitations, drawbacks and methodological pitfalls, are less well-known. This article reviews currently used cardiovascular 3D cell culture production methods and analysis techniques for the investigation of cardiotoxicity, in drug development and for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zuppinger
- Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Research, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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Gamal W, Wu H, Underwood I, Jia J, Smith S, Bagnaninchi PO. Impedance-based cellular assays for regenerative medicine. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0226. [PMID: 29786561 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies based on regenerative techniques have the potential to radically improve healthcare in the coming years. As a result, there is an emerging need for non-destructive and label-free technologies to assess the quality of engineered tissues and cell-based products prior to their use in the clinic. In parallel, the emerging regenerative medicine industry that aims to produce stem cells and their progeny on a large scale will benefit from moving away from existing destructive biochemical assays towards data-driven automation and control at the industrial scale. Impedance-based cellular assays (IBCA) have emerged as an alternative approach to study stem-cell properties and cumulative studies, reviewed here, have shown their potential to monitor stem-cell renewal, differentiation and maturation. They offer a novel method to non-destructively assess and quality-control stem-cell cultures. In addition, when combined with in vitro disease models they provide complementary insights as label-free phenotypic assays. IBCA provide quantitative and very sensitive results that can easily be automated and up-scaled in multi-well format. When facing the emerging challenge of real-time monitoring of three-dimensional cell culture dielectric spectroscopy and electrical impedance tomography represent viable alternatives to two-dimensional impedance sensing.This article is part of the theme issue 'Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you'.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Gamal
- School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 1UT, UK
| | - H Wu
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - I Underwood
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - J Jia
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - S Smith
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - P O Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
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Zhou W, Graham K, Lucendo-Villarin B, Flint O, Hay DC, Bagnaninchi P. Combining stem cell-derived hepatocytes with impedance sensing to better predict human drug toxicity. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 15:77-83. [PMID: 30572740 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1558208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: The liver plays a central role in human drug metabolism. To model drug metabolism, the major cell type of the liver, the hepatocyte, is commonly used. Hepatocytes can be derived from human and animal sources, including pluripotent stem cells. Cell-based models have shown promise in modeling human drug exposure. The assays used in those studies are normally 'snap-shot' in nature, and do not provide the complete picture of human drug exposure. Research design and methods: In this study, we employ stem cell-derived hepatocytes and impedance sensing to model human drug toxicity. This impedance-based stem cell assay reports hepatotoxicity in real time after treatment with compounds provided by industry. Results: Using electric cell-substrate impedance Sensing (ECIS), we were able to accurately measure drug toxicity post-drug exposure in real time and more quickly than gold standard biochemical assays. Conclusions: ECIS is robust and non-destructive methodology capable of monitoring human drug exposure with superior performance to current gold standard 'snapshot' assays. We believe that the methodology presented within this article could prove valuable in the quest to better predict off-target effects of drugs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhou
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Changzheng Hospital, Navy medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Karen Graham
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Oliver Flint
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David C Hay
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- b MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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12
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Holland I, McCormick C, Connolly P. Towards non-invasive characterisation of coronary stent re-endothelialisation - An in-vitro, electrical impedance study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206758. [PMID: 30395632 PMCID: PMC6218196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The permanent implantation of a stent has become the most common method for ameliorating coronary artery narrowing arising from atherosclerosis. Following the procedure, optimal arterial wall healing is characterised by the complete regrowth of an Endothelial Cell monolayer over the exposed stent surface and surrounding tissue, thereby reducing the risk of thrombosis. However, excessive proliferation of Smooth Muscle Cells, within the artery wall can lead to unwanted renarrowing of the vessel lumen. Current imaging techniques are unable to adequately identify re-endothelialisation, and it has previously been reported that the stent itself could be used as an electrode in combination with electrical impedance spectroscopic techniques to monitor the post-stenting recovery phase. The utility of such a device will be determined by its ability to characterise between vascular cell types. Here we present in-vitro impedance spectroscopy measurements of pulmonary artery porcine Endothelial Cells, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and coronary artery porcine Smooth Muscle Cells grown to confluence over platinum black electrodes in clinically relevant populations. These measurements were obtained, using a bespoke impedance spectroscopy system that autonomously performed impedance sweeps in the 1kHz to 100kHz frequency range. Analysis of the reactance component of impedance revealed distinct frequency dependent profiles for each cell type with post confluence reactance declines in Endothelial Cell populations that have not been previously reported. Such profiles provide a means of non-invasively characterising between the cell types and give an indication that impedance spectroscopic techniques may enable the non-invasive characterisation of the arterial response to stent placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Holland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Christopher McCormick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Fleischer S, Jahnke HG, Fritsche E, Girard M, Robitzki AA. Comprehensive human stem cell differentiation in a 2D and 3D mode to cardiomyocytes for long-term cultivation and multiparametric monitoring on a multimodal microelectrode array setup. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:624-631. [PMID: 30508787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes are a promising cell source for research and clinical applications like investigation of cardiomyopathies and therefore, identification and testing of novel therapeutics as well as for cell based therapy approaches. However, actually it´s a challenge to generate matured adult cardiomyocyte-like phenotype in a reasonable time. Moreover, there is a lack of applicable non-invasive label-free monitoring techniques providing quantitative parameters for analysing the culture stability and maturation status. In this context, we established an efficient protocol based on a combined differentiation of hiPSC in 2D cultures followed by a forced reaggregation step that leads to highly enriched (>90% cardiomyocytes) cardiomyocyte clusters. Interestingly, 3D cultures revealed an accelerated maturation as well as phenotype switch from atrial to ventricular cardiomyocytes. More strikingly using combined impedimetric and electrophysiological monitoring the high functionality and long-term stability of 3D cardiomyocyte cultures, especially in comparison to 2D cultures could be demonstrated. Additionally, chronotropic as well as QT-prolongation causing reference compounds were used for validating the cardio specific and sensitive reaction over the monitored time range of more than 100 days. Thus, the approach of multiparametric bioelectronic monitoring offers capabilities for the long-term quantitative analysis of hiPS derived cardiomyocyte culture functionality and long-term stability. Moreover, the same multiparametric bioelectronic platform can be used in combination with validated long-term stable cardiomyocyte cultures for the quantitative detection of compound induced effects. This could pave the way for more predictive in vitro chronic/repeated dose cardiotoxicity testing assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Fleischer
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Enrico Fritsche
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany
| | - Mathilde Girard
- CECS, I-STEM Paris, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, France
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Germany.
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Robitzki A. A novel bifunctional, hybrid bioelectronic real time High Content Screening platform for hESC and hiPSC derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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McPheeters MT, Wang YT, Werdich AA, Jenkins MW, Laurita KR. An infrared optical pacing system for screening cardiac electrophysiology in human cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183761. [PMID: 28837652 PMCID: PMC5570338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac myocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells (hCM) have invigorated interest in genetic disease mechanisms and cardiac safety testing; however, the technology to fully assess electrophysiological function in an assay that is amenable to high throughput screening has lagged. We describe a fully contactless system using optical pacing with an infrared (IR) laser and multi-site high fidelity fluorescence imaging to assess multiple electrophysiological parameters from hCM monolayers in a standard 96-well plate. Simultaneous multi-site action potentials (FluoVolt) or Ca2+ transients (Fluo4-AM) were measured, from which high resolution maps of conduction velocity and action potential duration (APD) were obtained in a single well. Energy thresholds for optical pacing were determined for cell plating density, laser spot size, pulse width, and wavelength and found to be within ranges reported previously for reliable pacing. Action potentials measured using FluoVolt and a microelectrode exhibited the same morphology and rate of depolarization. Importantly, we show that this can be achieved accurately with minimal damage to hCM due to optical pacing or fluorescence excitation. Finally, using this assay we demonstrate that hCM exhibit reproducible changes in repolarization and impulse conduction velocity for Flecainide and Quinidine, two well described reference compounds. In conclusion, we demonstrate a high fidelity electrophysiological screening assay that incorporates optical pacing with IR light to control beating rate of hCM monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. McPheeters
- Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yves T. Wang
- Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Andreas A. Werdich
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Division, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Jenkins
- Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kenneth R. Laurita
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Division, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Heart and Vascular Research Center, MetroHealth Campus, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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3D Cardiac Cell Culture on Nanofiber Bundle Substrates for the Investigation of Cell Morphology and Contraction. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189938 DOI: 10.3390/mi8050147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac failure is a quite severe condition that can result in life-threatening consequences. Cardiac tissue engineering is thought to be one of the most promising technologies to reconstruct damaged cardiac muscles and facilitate myocardial tissue regeneration. We report a new nanofiber bundle substrate for three-dimensional (3D) cardiac cell culture as a platform to investigate cell morphology and contraction. Polymeric nanofiber bundles with various patterns act as physical cues to align the cardiac cell sheets. Comparing the uniaxial alignment with the randomly distributed pattern, we found that the bundles with the former pattern have more “grooves” for the settlement of cardiomyocytes in a 3D structure than the latter. The cardiomyocytes loaded on the aligned nanofiber bundles tend to grow along the fiber axis. The interfacial structure between a single cardiomyocyte in the cardiac cell sheet and the attached nanofibers was observed using environmental scanning electron microscope. Immunofluorescence imaging showed that the uniaxially aligned nanofibers greatly promoted cell attachment and alignment of the cardiomyocytes because of the matching morphology between the nanofiber pattern and the biological components. Moreover, we concluded that the aligned polymeric nanofibers could be a promising substrate suitable for the anisotropic contraction of cardiac cell sheets.
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17
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Bürgel SC, Diener L, Frey O, Kim JY, Hierlemann A. Automated, Multiplexed Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Platform for Continuous Monitoring of Microtissue Spheroids. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10876-10883. [PMID: 27650426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microtissue spheroids in microfluidic devices are increasingly used to establish novel in vitro organ models of the human body. As the spheroids are comparably sizable, it is difficult to monitor larger numbers of them by optical means. Therefore, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) emerges as a viable alternative to probing spheroid properties. Current spheroid EIS systems are, however, not suitable for investigating multiple spheroids in parallel over extended time in an automated fashion. Here we address this issue by presenting an automated, multiplexed EIS (AMEIS) platform for impedance analysis in a microfluidic setting. The system was used to continuously monitor the effect of the anticancer drug fluorouracil (5-FU) on HCT116 cancer spheroids. Simultaneous EIS monitoring of up to 15 spheroids was performed in parallel over 4 days at a temporal resolution of 2 min without any need for pumps. The measurements were continuous in nature, and the setup was kept in a standard incubator under controlled conditions during the measurements. A baseline normalization method to improve robustness and to reduce the influence of slow changes in the medium conductivity on the spheroid EIS readings has been developed and validated by experiments and means of a finite-element model. The same method and platform was then used for online monitoring of cardiac spheroids. The beating frequency of each cardiac spheroid could be read out in a completely automated fashion. The developed system constitutes a promising method for simultaneously evaluating drug impact and/or toxic effects on multiple microtissue spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C Bürgel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich , Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Laurin Diener
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich , Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Frey
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich , Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich , Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich , Mattenstrasse 26, Basel 4058, Switzerland
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18
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Seidel D, Obendorf J, Englich B, Jahnke HG, Semkova V, Haupt S, Girard M, Peschanski M, Brüstle O, Robitzki AA. Impedimetric real-time monitoring of neural pluripotent stem cell differentiation process on microelectrode arrays. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:277-286. [PMID: 27387257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In today's neurodevelopment and -disease research, human neural stem/progenitor cell-derived networks represent the sole accessible in vitro model possessing a primary phenotype. However, cultivation and moreover, differentiation as well as maturation of human neural stem/progenitor cells are very complex and time-consuming processes. Therefore, techniques for the sensitive non-invasive, real-time monitoring of neuronal differentiation and maturation are highly demanded. Using impedance spectroscopy, the differentiation of several human neural stem/progenitor cell lines was analyzed in detail. After development of an optimum microelectrode array for reliable and sensitive long-term monitoring, distinct cell-dependent impedimetric parameters that could specifically be associated with the progress and quality of neuronal differentiation were identified. Cellular impedance changes correlated well with the temporal regulation of biomolecular progenitor versus mature neural marker expression as well as cellular structure changes accompanying neuronal differentiation. More strikingly, the capability of the impedimetric differentiation monitoring system for the use as a screening tool was demonstrated by applying compounds that are known to promote neuronal differentiation such as the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT. The non-invasive impedance spectroscopy-based measurement system can be used for sensitive and quantitative monitoring of neuronal differentiation processes. Therefore, this technique could be a very useful tool for quality control of neuronal differentiation and moreover, for neurogenic compound identification and industrial high-content screening demands in the field of safety assessment as well as drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Seidel
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janine Obendorf
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate Englich
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vesselina Semkova
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn and Hertie Foundation, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Simone Haupt
- LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn and Hertie Foundation, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mathilde Girard
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Genopole Campus 1, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, 91030 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Marc Peschanski
- INSERM U861, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Genopole Campus 1, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, 91030 Evry Cedex, France
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn and Hertie Foundation, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Division of Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
Attrition due to nonclinical safety represents a major issue for the productivity of pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) organizations, especially during the compound optimization stages of drug discovery and the early stages of clinical development. Focusing on decreasing nonclinical safety-related attrition is not a new concept, and various approaches have been experimented with over the last two decades. Front-loading testing funnels in Discovery with in vitro toxicity assays designed to rapidly identify unfavorable molecules was the approach adopted by most pharmaceutical R&D organizations a few years ago. However, this approach has also a non-negligible opportunity cost. Hence, significant refinements to the "fail early, fail often" paradigm have been proposed recently to reflect the complexity of accurately categorizing compounds with early data points without taking into account other important contextual aspects, in particular efficacious systemic and tissue exposures. This review provides an overview of toxicology approaches and models that can be used in pharmaceutical Discovery at the series/lead identification and lead optimization stages to guide and inform chemistry efforts, as well as a personal view on how to best use them to meet nonclinical safety-related attrition objectives consistent with a sustainable pharmaceutical R&D model. The scope of this review is limited to small molecules, as large molecules are associated with challenges that are quite different. Finally, a perspective on how several emerging technologies may impact toxicity evaluation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A G Blomme
- Global Preclinical Safety, AbbVie Inc. , 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yvonne Will
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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20
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An improved functional assay for rapid detection of marine toxins, saxitoxin and brevetoxin using a portable cardiomyocyte-based potential biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 72:10-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jastrzebska E, Tomecka E, Jesion I. Heart-on-a-chip based on stem cell biology. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 75:67-81. [PMID: 26298640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart diseases are one of the main causes of death around the world. The great challenge for scientists is to develop new therapeutic methods for these types of ailments. Stem cells (SCs) therapy could be one of a promising technique used for renewal of cardiac cells and treatment of heart diseases. Conventional in vitro techniques utilized for investigation of heart regeneration do not mimic natural cardiac physiology. Lab-on-a-chip systems may be the solution which could allow the creation of a heart muscle model, enabling the growth of cardiac cells in conditions similar to in vivo conditions. Microsystems can be also used for differentiation of stem cells into heart cells, successfully. It will help better understand of proliferation and regeneration ability of these cells. In this review, we present Heart-on-a-chip systems based on cardiac cell culture and stem cell biology. This review begins with the description of the physiological environment and the functions of the heart. Next, we shortly described conventional techniques of stem cells differentiation into the cardiac cells. This review is mostly focused on describing Lab-on-a-chip systems for cardiac tissue engineering. Therefore, in the next part of this article, the microsystems for both cardiac cell culture and SCs differentiation into cardiac cells are described. The section about SCs differentiation into the heart cells is divided in sections describing biochemical, physical and mechanical stimulations. Finally, we outline present challenges and future research concerning Heart-on-a-chip based on stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Jastrzebska
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Microbioanalytics, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Tomecka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Microbioanalytics, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Jesion
- Department of Animal Environment Biology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Science, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
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Bergström G, Christoffersson J, Schwanke K, Zweigerdt R, Mandenius CF. Stem cell derived in vivo-like human cardiac bodies in a microfluidic device for toxicity testing by beating frequency imaging. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3242-9. [PMID: 26135270 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00449g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Beating in vivo-like human cardiac bodies (CBs) were used in a microfluidic device for testing cardiotoxicity. The CBs, cardiomyocyte cell clusters derived from induced pluripotent stem cells, exhibited typical structural and functional properties of the native human myocardium. The CBs were captured in niches along a perfusion channel in the device. Video imaging was utilized for automatic monitoring of the beating frequency of each individual CB. The device allowed assessment of cardiotoxic effects of drug substances doxorubicin, verapamil and quinidine on the 3D clustered cardiomyocytes. Beating frequency data recorded over a period of 6 hours are presented and compared to literature data. The results indicate that this microfluidic setup with imaging of CB characteristics provides a new opportunity for label-free, non-invasive investigation of toxic effects in a 3D microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Bergström
- Division of Biotechnology, Dept. of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
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23
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Kunze A, Steel D, Dahlenborg K, Sartipy P, Svedhem S. Non-Invasive Acoustical sensing of Drug-Induced Effects on the Contractile Machinery of Human Cardiomyocyte Clusters. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125540. [PMID: 25961711 PMCID: PMC4427273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for improved models for cardiotoxicity testing. Here we propose acoustic sensing applied to beating human cardiomyocyte clusters for non-invasive, surrogate measuring of the QT interval and other characteristics of the contractile machinery. In experiments with the acoustic method quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), the shape of the recorded signals was very similar to the extracellular field potential detected in electrochemical experiments, and the expected changes of the QT interval in response to addition of conventional drugs (E-4031 or nifedipine) were observed. Additionally, changes in the dissipation signal upon addition of cytochalasin D were in good agreement with the known, corresponding shortening of the contraction-relaxation time. These findings suggest that QCM-D has great potential as a tool for cardiotoxicological screening, where effects of compounds on the cardiomyocyte contractile machinery can be detected independently of whether the extracellular field potential is altered or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Kunze
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Peter Sartipy
- Cellectis AB, Göteborg, Sweden
- Systems Biology Research Center, School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Sofia Svedhem
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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