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Dikalov SI, Gutor S, Dikalova AE. Pathological mechanisms of cigarette smoking, dietary, and sedentary lifestyle risks in vascular dysfunction: mitochondria as a common target of risk factors. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:857-866. [PMID: 36995495 PMCID: PMC10911751 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In the past century, the lifespan of the human population has dramatically increased to the 80 s, but it is hindered by a limited health span to the 60 s due to an epidemic increase in the cardiovascular disease which is a main cause of morbidity and mortality. We cannot underestimate the progress in understanding the major cardiovascular risk factors which include cigarette smoking, dietary, and sedentary lifestyle risks. Despite their clinical significance, these modifiable risk factors are still the major contributors to cardiovascular disease. It is, therefore, important to understand the specific molecular mechanisms behind their pathological effects to develop new therapies to improve the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In recent years, our group and others have made a progress in understanding how these risk factors can promote endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle dysregulation, vascular inflammation, hypertension, lung, and heart diseases. These factors, despite differences in their nature, lead to stereotypical alterations in vascular metabolism and function. Interestingly, cigarette smoking has a tremendous impact on a very distant site from the initial epithelial exposure, namely circulation and vascular cells mediated by a variety of stable cigarette smoke components which promote vascular oxidative stress and alter vascular metabolism and function. Similarly, dietary and sedentary lifestyle risks facilitate vascular cell metabolic reprogramming promoting vascular oxidative stress and dysfunction. Mitochondria are critical in cellular metabolism, and in this work, we discuss a new concept that mitochondria are a common pathobiological target for these risk factors, and mitochondria-targeted treatments may have a therapeutic effect in the patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Dikalov
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Sergey Gutor
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Anna E Dikalova
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Pierce Ave, PRB 554, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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2
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Bao H, Li B, You Q, Dun X, Zhang Z, Liang Y, Li Y, Jiang Q, Zhang R, Chen R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Li D, Cui L. Exposure to real-ambient particulate matter induced vascular hypertrophy through activation of PDGFRβ. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:130985. [PMID: 36801716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular toxicity induced by particulate matter (PM) exposure exacerbates the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases; however, its detailed mechanism remains unclear. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) acts as a mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and is therefore essential for normal vasoformation. However, the potential effects of PDGFRβ on VSMCs in PM-induced vascular toxicity have not yet been elucidated. METHODS To reveal the potential roles of PDGFRβ signalling in vascular toxicity, individually ventilated cage (IVC)-based real-ambient PM exposure system mouse models and PDGFRβ overexpression mouse models were established in vivo, along with in vitro VSMCs models. RESULTS Vascular hypertrophy was observed following PM-induced PDGFRβ activation in C57/B6 mice, and the regulation of hypertrophy-related genes led to vascular wall thickening. Enhanced PDGFRβ expression in VSMCs aggravated PM-induced smooth muscle hypertrophy, which was attenuated by inhibiting the PDGFRβ and janus kinase 2 /signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathways. CONCLUSION Our study identified the PDGFRβ gene as a potential biomarker of PM-induced vascular toxicity. PDGFRβ induced hypertrophic effects through the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which may be a biological target for the vascular toxic effects caused by PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Bao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Benying Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing You
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyu Dun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanan Liang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Bianchi L, Damiani I, Castiglioni S, Carleo A, De Salvo R, Rossi C, Corsini A, Bellosta S. Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch Induced by Traditional Cigarette Smoke Condensate: A Holistic Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076431. [PMID: 37047404 PMCID: PMC10094728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) is a risk factor for inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. CS condensate (CSC) contains lipophilic components that may represent a systemic cardiac risk factor. To better understand CSC effects, we incubated mouse and human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with CSC. We evaluated specific markers for contractile [i.e., actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2), calponin-1 (CNN1), the Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and myocardin (MYOCD) genes] and inflammatory [i.e., IL-1β, and IL-6, IL-8, and galectin-3 (LGALS-3) genes] phenotypes. CSC increased the expression of inflammatory markers and reduced the contractile ones in both cell types, with KLF4 modulating the SMC phenotypic switch. Next, we performed a mass spectrometry-based differential proteomic approach on human SMCs and could show 11 proteins were significantly affected by exposition to CSC (FC ≥ 2.7, p ≤ 0.05). These proteins are active in signaling pathways related to expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN, inflammasome assembly and activation, cytoskeleton regulation and SMC contraction, mitochondrial integrity and cellular response to oxidative stress, proteostasis control via ubiquitination, and cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Through specific bioinformatics resources, we showed their tight functional correlation in a close interaction niche mainly orchestrated by the interferon-induced double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (alternative name: protein kinase RNA-activated; PKR) (EIF2AK2/PKR). Finally, by combining gene expression and protein abundance data we obtained a hybrid network showing reciprocal integration of the CSC-deregulated factors and indicating KLF4 and PKR as the most relevant factors.
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Hayes G, Pinto J, Sparks SN, Wang C, Suri S, Bulte DP. Vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1010164. [PMID: 36440263 PMCID: PMC9684644 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the key moderators of cerebrovascular dynamics in response to the brain's oxygen and nutrient demands. Crucially, VSMCs may provide a sensitive biomarker for neurodegenerative pathologies where vasculature is compromised. An increasing body of research suggests that VSMCs have remarkable plasticity and their pathophysiology may play a key role in the complex process of neurodegeneration. Furthermore, extrinsic risk factors, including environmental conditions and traumatic events can impact vascular function through changes in VSMC morphology. VSMC dysfunction can be characterised at the molecular level both preclinically, and clinically ex vivo. However the identification of VSMC dysfunction in living individuals is important to understand changes in vascular function at the onset and progression of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. A promising technique to identify changes in the state of cerebral smooth muscle is cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) which reflects the intrinsic dynamic response of blood vessels in the brain to vasoactive stimuli in order to modulate regional cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this work, we review the role of VSMCs in the most common neurodegenerative disorders and identify physiological systems that may contribute to VSMC dysfunction. The evidence collected here identifies VSMC dysfunction as a strong candidate for novel therapeutics to combat the development and progression of neurodegeneration, and highlights the need for more research on the role of VSMCs and cerebrovascular dynamics in healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Hayes
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Pinto
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sierra N. Sparks
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Congxiyu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel P. Bulte
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Sakamaki-Ching S, Schick S, Grigorean G, Li J, Talbot P. Dermal thirdhand smoke exposure induces oxidative damage, initiates skin inflammatory markers, and adversely alters the human plasma proteome. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104256. [PMID: 36137411 PMCID: PMC9494172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure correlated with significant metabolism of carcinogenic chemicals and the potential to cause detrimental health effects. Human harm research of THS exposure is limited to one other study and overall, there is a general lack of knowledge of the human health responses to THS exposure. Methods This was a clinical investigation to evaluate the health effects of 3-h dermal THS exposure from urine and plasma. 10 healthy, non-smoking subjects were recruited for dermal exposure for 3 h exposed to clothing impregnated with filtered clean air or THS. Exposures to clean air or THS occurred 20-30 days apart. Findings In THS-exposed group, there was a significant elevation of urinary 8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane, protein carbonyls. The THS 3-h exposure identified proteomics pathways of inflammatory response (p=2.18 × 10−8), adhesion of blood cells (p=2.23 × 10−8), atherosclerosis (p=2.78 × 10−9), and lichen planus (p=1.77 × 10−8). Nine canonical pathways were significantly activated including leukocyte extravasation signaling (z-score=3.0), and production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen in macrophages (z-score=2.1). The THS 22-h proteomics pathways revealed inflammation of organ (p=3.09 × 10−8), keratinization of the epidermis (p=4.0 × 10−7), plaque psoriasis (p=5.31 × 10−7), and dermatitis (p=6.0 × 10−7). Two activated canonical pathways were production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen in macrophages (z-score=2.646), and IL-8 signaling (z-score=2.0). Interpretation This is a clinical study demonstrating that acute dermal exposure to THS mimics the harmful effects of cigarette smoking, alters the human plasma proteome, initiates mechanisms of skin inflammatory disease, and elevates urinary biomarkers of oxidative harm. Funding Funding was provided by the Tobacco Related Disease Research Program (TRDRP) 24RT-0037 TRDRP, 24RT-0039 TRDRP, and 28PT-0081 TRDRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Sakamaki-Ching
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Suzaynn Schick
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Gabriela Grigorean
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, United States
| | - Prue Talbot
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, United States.
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Klonizakis M, Gumber A, McIntosh E, Brose LS. Medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes in adults making a stop-smoking attempt: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2022; 20:276. [PMID: 35971150 PMCID: PMC9380327 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and smoking cessation reduces excess risk. E-cigarettes are popular for smoking cessation but there is little evidence on their cardiovascular health effect. Our objective was to compare the medium- and longer-term cardiovascular effects in smokers attempting to quit smoking using e-cigarettes with or without nicotine or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). METHODS This was a single-center, pragmatic three-arm randomized (1:1:1) controlled trial, which recruited adult smokers (≥ 10 cigarettes/day), who were willing to attempt to stop smoking with support (n = 248). Participants were randomized to receive behavioral support with either (a) e-cigarettes with 18 mg/ml nicotine, (b) e-cigarettes without nicotine, and (c) NRT. Flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) and peak cutaneous vascular conductance (CVCmax) responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and other outcomes were recorded at baseline, 3, and 6 months after stopping smoking. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). RESULTS At 3- and 6-month follow-up, %FMD showed an improvement over baseline in all three groups (e.g., p < 0.0001 at 6 months). Similarly, ACh, SNP, and MAP improved significantly over baseline in all groups both at 3 and 6 months (e.g., ACh: p = 0.004, at 6 months). CONCLUSIONS Smokers attempting to quit experienced positive cardiovascular impact after both a 3- and 6-month period. None of the groups (i.e., nicotine-containing and nicotine-free e-cigarettes or NRT) offered superior cardiovascular benefits to the others. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03061253 . Registered on 17 February 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markos Klonizakis
- Lifestyle Exercise and Nutrition Improvement (LENI) Research Group, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK.
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK.
| | - Anil Gumber
- Lifestyle Exercise and Nutrition Improvement (LENI) Research Group, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK
| | - Emma McIntosh
- Lifestyle Exercise and Nutrition Improvement (LENI) Research Group, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S10 2BP, UK
| | - Leonie S Brose
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- SPECTRUM Research Consortium, Edinburgh, UK
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Mastalerz M, Dick E, Chakraborty AA, Hennen E, Schamberger AC, Schröppel A, Lindner M, Hatz R, Behr J, Hilgendorff A, Schmid O, Staab-Weijnitz CA. Validation of in vitro models for smoke exposure of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 322:L129-L148. [PMID: 34668416 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00091.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The bronchial epithelium is constantly challenged by inhalative insults including cigarette smoke (CS), a key risk factor for lung disease. In vitro exposure of bronchial epithelial cells using CS extract (CSE) is a widespread alternative to whole CS (wCS) exposure. However, CSE exposure protocols vary considerably between studies, precluding direct comparison of applied doses. Moreover, they are rarely validated in terms of physiological response in vivo and the relevance of the findings is often unclear. METHODS We tested six different exposure settings in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (phBECs), including five CSE protocols in comparison with wCS exposure. We quantified cell-delivered dose and directly compared all exposures using expression analysis of 10 well-established smoke-induced genes in bronchial epithelial cells. CSE exposure of phBECs was varied in terms of differentiation state, exposure route, duration of exposure, and dose. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and Western Blot analysis. Cell type-specific expression of smoke-induced genes was analyzed by immunofluorescent analysis. RESULTS Three surprisingly dissimilar exposure types, namely chronic CSE treatment of differentiating phBECs, acute CSE treatment of submerged basal phBECs, and wCS exposure of differentiated phBECs performed best, resulting in significant upregulation of seven (chronic CSE) and six (acute wCS, acute submerged CSE exposure) out of 10 genes. Acute apical or basolateral exposure of differentiated phBECs with CSE was much less effective despite similar doses used. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide guidance for the design of human in vitro CS exposure models in experimental and translational lung research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Mastalerz
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dick
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ashesh Anjankumar Chakraborty
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hennen
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea C Schamberger
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schröppel
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Hatz
- Thoraxchirurgisches Zentrum, Klinik für Allgemeine, Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Wang Z, Zhou S, Zhao J, Nie S, Sun J, Gao X, Lenahan C, Lin Z, Huang Y, Chen G. Tobacco Smoking Increases Methylation of Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein 1 Promoter in Intracranial Aneurysms. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:688179. [PMID: 34295240 PMCID: PMC8292010 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.688179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation at the gene promoter region is reportedly involved in the development of intracranial aneurysm (IA). This study aims to investigate the methylation levels of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) in IA, as well as its potential to predict IA. Forty-eight patients with IA and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited into this study. Methylation levels of CpG sites were determined via bisulfite pyrosequencing. The PTBP1 levels in the blood were determined using a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test. Significant differences were found between IAs and controls in CpG1 (p = 0.001), CpG2 (p < 0.001), CpG3 (p = 0.037), CpG4 (p = 0.003), CpG5 (p = 0.006), CpG6 (p = 0.02), and mean methylation (p < 0.001). The mRNA level of PTBP1 in the blood was much lower in IAs compared with controls (p = 0.002), and the PTBP1 expression was significantly associated with DNA methylation promoter levels in individuals (r = −0.73, p < 0.0001). In addition, stratification analysis comparing smokers and non-smokers revealed that tobacco smokers had significantly higher levels of DNA methylation in PTBP1 than non-smokers (p = 0.002). However, no statistical difference in PTBP1 methylation was found between ruptured and unruptured IA groups (p > 0.05). The ROC analyses of curves revealed that PTBP1 methylation may be a predictor of IA regardless of sex (both sexes, area under curve (AUC) = 0.78, p < 0.0001; male, AUC = 0.76, p = 0.002; female, AUC = 0.79, p < 0.0001). These findings suggest that long-term tobacco smoke exposure led to DNA methylation in the promoter region of the PTBP1 gene, which further decreased PTBP1 gene expression and participated in the pathogenesis of IA. The methylation of PTBP1 may be a potential predictive marker for the occurrence of IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhepei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jikuang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Zhiqin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Ho CC, Chen YC, Tsai MH, Tsai HT, Weng CY, Yet SF, Lin P. Ambient Particulate Matter Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Changes via NOX1/ROS/NF-κB Dependent and Independent Pathways: Protective Effects of Polyphenols. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050782. [PMID: 34069133 PMCID: PMC8156007 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure and vascular diseases. Here, we observed that treatment with ambient PM increased cell migration ability in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and pulmonary arterial SMCs (PASMCs). These results suggest that VSMCs and PASMCs transitioned from a differentiated to a synthetic phenotype after PM exposure. Furthermore, treatment with PM increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activated the NF-κB signaling pathway, and increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in VSMCs. Using specific inhibitors, we demonstrated that PM increased the migration ability of VSMCs via the nicotinamide–adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1 (NOX1)/ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway, which also partially involved in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines. Finally, we investigated whether nature polyphenolic compounds prevent PM-induced migration and proinflammatory cytokines secretion in VSMCs. Curcumin, resveratrol, and gallic acid prevented PM2.5-induced migration via the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. However, honokiol did not prevent PM2.5-induced migration or activation of the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. On the other hand, all polyphenols prevented PM2.5-induced cytokines secretion. These data indicated that polyphenols prevented PM-induced migration and cytokine secretion via blocking the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway in VSMCs. However, other mechanisms may also contribute to PM-induced cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Ho
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Chen-Yi Weng
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (P.L.); Tel.: +886-37-246166 (ext. 38311) (S.-F.Y.); +886-37-246166 (ext. 36508) (P.L.)
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 53053, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (M.-H.T.); (H.-T.T.); (C.-Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (P.L.); Tel.: +886-37-246166 (ext. 38311) (S.-F.Y.); +886-37-246166 (ext. 36508) (P.L.)
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Langdon R, Richmond R, Elliott HR, Dudding T, Kazmi N, Penfold C, Ingarfield K, Ho K, Bretherick A, Haley C, Zeng Y, Walker RM, Pawlita M, Waterboer T, Gaunt T, Smith GD, Suderman M, Thomas S, Ness A, Relton C. Identifying epigenetic biomarkers of established prognostic factors and survival in a clinical cohort of individuals with oropharyngeal cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:95. [PMID: 32600451 PMCID: PMC7322918 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking status, alcohol consumption and HPV infection (acquired through sexual activity) are the predominant risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer and are thought to alter the prognosis of the disease. Here, we conducted single-site and differentially methylated region (DMR) epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of these factors, in addition to ∼ 3-year survival, using Illumina Methylation EPIC DNA methylation profiles from whole blood in 409 individuals as part of the Head and Neck 5000 (HN5000) study. Overlapping sites between each factor and survival were then assessed using two-step Mendelian randomization to assess whether methylation at these positions causally affected survival. RESULTS Using the MethylationEPIC array in an OPC dataset, we found novel CpG associations with smoking, alcohol consumption and ~ 3-year survival. We found no CpG associations below our multiple testing threshold associated with HPV16 E6 serological response (used as a proxy for HPV infection). CpG site associations below our multiple-testing threshold (PBonferroni < 0.05) for both a prognostic factor and survival were observed at four gene regions: SPEG (smoking), GFI1 (smoking), PPT2 (smoking) and KHDC3L (alcohol consumption). Evidence for a causal effect of DNA methylation on survival was only observed in the SPEG gene region (HR per SD increase in methylation score 1.28, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.43, P 2.12 × 10-05). CONCLUSIONS Part of the effect of smoking on survival in those with oropharyngeal cancer may be mediated by methylation at the SPEG gene locus. Replication in data from independent datasets and data from HN5000 with longer follow-up times is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Langdon
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hannah R. Elliott
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Dudding
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chris Penfold
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Ingarfield
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karen Ho
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew Bretherick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Chris Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Yanni Zeng
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Scotland Bristol, EH4 2XU UK
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rosie M. Walker
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tom Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Steve Thomas
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andy Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Centner AM, Bhide PG, Salazar G. Nicotine in Senescence and Atherosclerosis. Cells 2020; 9:E1035. [PMID: 32331221 PMCID: PMC7226537 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a known exacerbator of age-related pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), atherosclerosis, and cellular aging (senescence). However, the role of nicotine and its major metabolite cotinine is yet to be elucidated. Considering the growing amount of nicotine-containing aerosol use in recent years, the role of nicotine is a relevant public health concern. A number of recent studies and health education sites have focused on nicotine aerosol-induced adverse lung function, and neglected cardiovascular (CV) impairments and diseases. A critical review of the present scientific literature leads to the hypothesis that nicotine mediates the effects of cigarette smoke in the CV system by increasing MAPK signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), to induce vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence. The accumulation of senescent VSMCs in the lesion cap is detrimental as it increases the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting an unstable plaque phenotype. Therefore, nicotine, and most likely its metabolite cotinine, adversely influence atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Marie Centner
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Scinces, 120 Convocation Way, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Pradeep G. Bhide
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, FSU College of Medicine, 1115, West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Scinces, 120 Convocation Way, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging (CAENRA), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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12
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Martinez AN, Pascale CL, Amenta PS, Israilevich R, Dumont AS. Cell Culture Model to Study Cerebral Aneurysm Biology. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA SUPPLEMENT 2020; 127:29-34. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04615-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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microRNA-331-3p maintains the contractile type of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating TNF-α and CD14 in intracranial aneurysm. Neuropharmacology 2019; 164:107858. [PMID: 31785262 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may be linked to intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation. VSMCs possess a phenotypic plasticity, capable of changing from a mature, contractile to a less differentiated, synthetic phenotype. In this study, we identify a microRNA candidate miR-331-3p that participates in regulating differentiation properties of VSMCs. The expression of TNF-α and CD14 was quantified in IA wall tissues obtained from 96 IA patients and their associations with clinicopathological features of IA were assessed. Then the interactions between miR-331-3p, TNF-α and CD14 were evaluated by determination of luciferase activity. Differentiated properties of VSMCs were assessed from phenotypic markers of contractile VSMCs, a-SMA and E-cadherin, and of synthetic VSMCs, ICAM-1, MCP-1, IL-6, MMP-2 and MMP-9. Rat IA models by ligation of left carotid artery and left renal artery and histological analysis of induced IAs were performed. The TNF-α and CD14 was highly expressed in IA wall tissues and associated with the type and diameter of aneurysm. Depletion of TNF-α or CD14 retarded VSMC apoptosis and transformation to the synthetic type but facilitated cell proliferation. Elevations in miR-331-3p, a direct negative regulator of both TNF-α and CD14, also reduced VSMC apoptosis and prevented VSMCs from synthetic type and increase their proliferation. Furthermore, miR-331-3p was demonstrated to inhibit the formation of IA by down-regulating TNF-α and CD14 in vivo. In conclusion, miR-331-3p maintains the contractile type of VSMCs, thus possibly inhibiting the progression of IA. These findings provide potential new strategies for the clinical treatment of IA.
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Cheng Q, Li Z, Wang R, Zhang H, Cao H, Chen F, Li H, Xia Z, Feng S, Zhang H, Rui Y, Fan F. Genetic Profiles Related to Pathogenesis in Sporadic Intracranial Aneurysm Patients. World Neurosurg 2019; 131:e23-e31. [PMID: 31238169 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial aneurysm (IA) represents a cerebrovascular disorder that featured by dilation or bulging of the weakened blood vessel wall. When it ruptures, an IA leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage with high disability and mortality rates. Despite the numerous studies focusing on IA ruptures, little research on IA pathogenesis has been reported. In this study, we aimed to reveal key genes related to IA formation. METHODS Four datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus data were downloaded, normalized, and separated into the IA group and the normal vessel control group for analyses. We screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups and conducted functional enrichment, pathway enrichment, and gene set enrichment analysis analyses among significant DEGs. RESULTS according to our analyses, significant DEGs majorly associate with smooth muscle system and the complement system. Among all DEGs, 5 down-regulated genes (MYH11, CNN1, MYOCD, ACTA1, and LMOD1) and 3 up-regulated genes (C1QB, C3AR1, and VSIG4) are most relevant in IA formation. CONCLUSIONS Key DEGs identified in this study are related to IA pathogenesis. Among identified DEGs, LMOD1 is the most significant and merits more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruizhe Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huangbao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhua Rui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Zirak MR, Mehri S, Karimani A, Zeinali M, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Mechanisms behind the atherothrombotic effects of acrolein, a review. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:38-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Ho CC, Wu WT, Chen YC, Liou SH, Yet SF, Lee CH, Tsai HT, Weng CY, Tsai MH, Lin P. Identification of osteopontin as a biomarker of human exposure to fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:975-985. [PMID: 30682754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases; however, there is scant research linking data on animal and human cells. The objective of this study was to investigate these associations. Vascular remodeling plays a crucial role in both pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis using vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to identify potential regulators or markers of PM exposure. We demonstrated that fine and coarse PM increased VSMC proliferation in mice. We conducted a genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis, followed by a pathway analysis of VSMCs treated with coarse PM for durations of 24, 48, and 72 h. Sixteen genes were discovered to be time-dependently upregulated and involved in VSMC proliferation. Osteopontin (OPN) is indicated as one of the regulators of these upregulated genes. Both fine and coarse PM from industrial and urban areas significantly increased OPN expression in VSMCs and macrophages. Moreover, oropharyngeal instillation of fine and coarse PM for 8 weeks increased the VSMCs in the pulmonary arteries of mice. OPN level was consistently increased in the lung tissues, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum of mice. Moreover, we analyzed the plasma OPN levels of 72 healthy participants recruited from the studied metropolitan area. Each participant wore a personal PM2.5 sampler to assess their PM2.5 exposure over a 24 h period. Our results indicate that personal exposure to fine PM is positively correlated with plasma OPN level in young adults. The data obtained in this study suggest that exposure to fine and coarse PM may cause pulmonary vascular lesions in humans and that OPN level may be a biomarker of PM exposure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Ho
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Saou-Hsing Liou
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Shaw-Fang Yet
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chia-Huei Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chen-Yi Weng
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, ROC.
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Gender Gap and Risk Factors for Poor Stroke Outcomes: A Single Hospital-Based Prospective Cohort Study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:2250-2258. [PMID: 29779883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study intended to investigate whether etiological stroke subtypes and their corresponding major risk factors have differential effects on outcomes between genders. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 403 consecutive patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke (170 women, 233 men), from a referral hospital in Taiwan over a 2-year period. Gender differences in demographics, vascular risk factors, access to health care, etiological stroke subtypes, stroke severity, and outcomes were examined. The primary outcome variable of the study was any unfavorable outcome due to acute ischemic stroke, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3 or higher at 90 days after stroke. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of poor outcomes. RESULTS There were no gender disparities in baseline severity, stroke subtypes, access to health care, and medical comorbidities. Although women had poorer outcomes, female gender was not a predictor of unfavorable outcomes. Important predictors included age of 75years or older (odds ratio [OR] = 2.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-4.90), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale greater than or equal to 8 (OR = 8.38; 95% CI, 4.61-15.2), lack of cohabitation (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.26-3.61), subtypes of cardioembolism (OR = 2.76; 95% CI, 1.29-5.93), and large-artery atherosclerosis (OR = 2.93; 95% CI, 1.47-5.85). In subgroup analyses, the gender-specific independent predictors were cardioembolism (OR = 7.42; 95% CI, 2.21-24.9) or atrial fibrillation (OR = 3.57; 95% CI, 1.31-9.74) in women, and large-artery atherosclerosis (OR = 3.35; 95% CI, 1.30-8.64) or symptomatic large-artery stenosis (OR = 3.42; 95% CI, 1.69-6.96) in men. The differential effects of these predictors according to gender were revealed by interaction tests. CONCLUSION Atrial fibrillation and symptomatic large-artery stenosis are predictors of poor stroke outcomes in women and men, respectively.
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18
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MicroRNAs as Potential Mediators for Cigarette Smoking Induced Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041097. [PMID: 29642385 PMCID: PMC5979571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking increases the risk of atherosclerosis-related events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Recent studies have examined the expression levels of altered microRNAs (miRNAs) in various diseases. The profiles of tissue miRNAs can be potentially used in diagnosis or prognosis. However, there are limited studies on miRNAs following exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). The present study was designed to dissect the effects and cellular/molecular mechanisms of CS-induced atherosclerogenesis. Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice were exposed to CS for five days a week for two months at low (two puffs/min for 40 min/day) or high dose (two puffs/min for 120 min/day). We measured the area of atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta, representing the expression of miRNAs after the exposure period. Two-month exposure to the high dose of CS significantly increased the plaque area in aortic arch, and significantly upregulated the expression of atherosclerotic markers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, MCP1, p22phox, and gp91phox). Exposure to the high dose of CS also significantly upregulated the miRNA-155 level in the aortic tissues of ApoE KO mice. Moreover, the expression level of miR-126 tended to be downregulated and that of miR-21 tended to be upregulated in ApoE KO mice exposed to the high dose of CS, albeit statistically insignificant. The results suggest that CS induces atherosclerosis through increased vascular inflammation and NADPH oxidase expression and also emphasize the importance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CS-induced atherosclerosis. Our findings provide evidence for miRNAs as potential mediators of inflammation and atherosclerosis induced by CS.
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Pan S, Lai H, Shen Y, Breeze C, Beck S, Hong T, Wang C, Teschendorff AE. DNA methylome analysis reveals distinct epigenetic patterns of ascending aortic dissection and bicuspid aortic valve. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:692-704. [PMID: 28444195 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Epigenetics may mediate the effects of environmental risk factors on disease, including heart disease. Thus, measuring the DNA methylome offers the opportunity to identify novel disease biomarkers and novel insights into disease mechanisms. The DNA methylation landscape of ascending aortic dissection (AD) and bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with aortic aneurysmal dilatation remain uncharacterized. The present study aimed to explore the genome-wide DNA methylation landscape underpinning these two diseases. Methods and results We used Illumina 450k DNA methylation beadarrays to analyse 21 ascending aorta samples, including 10 cases with AD, 5 with BAV and 6 healthy controls. We adjusted for intra-sample cellular heterogeneity, providing the first unbiased genome-wide exploration of the DNA methylation landscape underpinning these two diseases. We discover that both diseases are characterized by loss of DNA methylation at non-CpG sites. We validate this non-CpG hypomethylation signature with pyrosequencing. In contrast to non-CpGs, AD and BAV exhibit distinct DNA methylation landscapes at CpG sites, with BAV characterized mainly by hypermethylation of EZH2 targets. In the case of AD, integrative DNA methylation gene expression analysis reveals that AD is characterized by a dedifferentiated smooth muscle cell phenotype. Our integrative analysis further reveals hypomethylation associated overexpression of RARA in AD, a pattern which is also seen in cells exposed to smoke toxins. Conclusion Our data supports a model in which increased cellular proliferation in AD and BAV underpins loss of methylation at non-CpG sites. Our data further supports a model, in which AD is associated with an inflammatory vascular remodeling process, possibly mediated by the epigenome and linked to environmental risk factors such as smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Pan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui District, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Lai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui District, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiru Shen
- CAS Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Charles Breeze
- Medical Genomics, Paul O'Gorman Building, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Stephan Beck
- Medical Genomics, Paul O'Gorman Building, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui District, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xuhui District, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Andrew E Teschendorff
- CAS Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,Statistical Cancer Genomics, Paul O'Gorman Building, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,Department of Women's Cancer, University College London, Medical School Building, Room 340, 74 Huntley Street, LondonWC1E 6AU, UK
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Sun D, Li Q, Ding D, Li X, Xie M, Xu Y, Liu X. Role of Krüppel-like factor 4 in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:581-591. [PMID: 29511453 PMCID: PMC5835824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), leading to dysregulated vascular remodeling. Cigarette smoke (CS) is a common risk factor causing PH, and our previous study showed that CS extract (CSE) stimulated abnormal PASMC proliferation. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In systemic circulation, vascular remodeling in some diseases is associated with upregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), which stimulates the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. We therefore hypothesized that upregulation of KLF4 may play a role in pulmonary vascular remodeling and the development of PH. Our results showed that KLF4 expression was increased significantly in remodeled pulmonary arteries from the rat smoking model of pulmonary vascular remodeling, compared with controls. In human PASMCs in vitro, KLF4 knockdown by gene silencing decreased proliferation and migration significantly. At the same time, it inhibited the CSE-induced increase of AKT phosphorylation. These results indicate that KLF4 contributes to CS-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling, and that KLF4 gene knockdown may be a useful therapeutic intervention for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Dandan Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, National Ministry of Health of The People’s Republic of ChinaWuhan 430030, China
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Sweet DR, Fan L, Hsieh PN, Jain MK. Krüppel-Like Factors in Vascular Inflammation: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:6. [PMID: 29459900 PMCID: PMC5807683 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammation in vascular disease is well recognized, involving dysregulation of both circulating immune cells as well as the cells of the vessel wall itself. Unrestrained vascular inflammation leads to pathological remodeling that eventually contributes to atherothrombotic disease and its associated sequelae (e.g., myocardial/cerebral infarction, embolism, and critical limb ischemia). Signaling events during vascular inflammation orchestrate widespread transcriptional programs that affect the functions of vascular and circulating inflammatory cells. The Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of transcription factors central in regulating vascular biology in states of homeostasis and disease. Given their abundance and diversity of function in cells associated with vascular inflammation, understanding the transcriptional networks regulated by KLFs will further our understanding of the pathogenesis underlying several pervasive health concerns (e.g., atherosclerosis, stroke, etc.) and consequently inform the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Within this review, we will discuss the role of KLFs in coordinating protective and deleterious responses during vascular inflammation, while addressing the potential targeting of these critical transcription factors in future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Sweet
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Liyan Fan
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Paishiun N Hsieh
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
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22
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Starke RM, Thompson JW, Ali MS, Pascale CL, Martinez Lege A, Ding D, Chalouhi N, Hasan DM, Jabbour P, Owens GK, Toborek M, Hare JM, Dumont AS. Cigarette Smoke Initiates Oxidative Stress-Induced Cellular Phenotypic Modulation Leading to Cerebral Aneurysm Pathogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:610-621. [PMID: 29348119 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) is a risk factor for cerebral aneurysm (CA) formation, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. Although CSE is known to contribute to excess reactive oxygen species generation, the role of oxidative stress on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation and pathogenesis of CAs is unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate whether CSE activates a NOX (NADPH oxidase)-dependent pathway leading to VSMC phenotypic modulation and CA formation and rupture. APPROACH AND RESULTS In cultured cerebral VSMCs, CSE increased expression of NOX1 and reactive oxygen species which preceded upregulation of proinflammatory/matrix remodeling genes (MCP-1, MMPs [matrix metalloproteinase], TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, KLF4 [Kruppel-like factor 4]) and downregulation of contractile genes (SM-α-actin [smooth muscle α actin], SM-22α [smooth muscle 22α], SM-MHC [smooth muscle myosin heavy chain]) and myocardin. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production and knockdown of NOX1 with siRNA or antisense decreased CSE-induced upregulation of NOX1 and inflammatory genes and downregulation of VSMC contractile genes and myocardin. p47phox-/- NOX knockout mice, or pretreatment with the NOX inhibitor, apocynin, significantly decreased CA formation and rupture compared with controls. NOX1 protein and mRNA expression were similar in p47phox-/- mice and those pretreated with apocynin but were elevated in unruptured and ruptured CAs. CSE increased CA formation and rupture, which was diminished with apocynin pretreatment. Similarly, NOX1 protein and mRNA and reactive oxygen species were elevated by CSE, and in unruptured and ruptured CAs. CONCLUSIONS CSE initiates oxidative stress-induced phenotypic modulation of VSMCs and CA formation and rupture. These molecular changes implicate oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CAs and may provide a potential target for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Starke
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.).
| | - John W Thompson
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Muhammad S Ali
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Crissey L Pascale
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Alejandra Martinez Lege
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Dale Ding
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Nohra Chalouhi
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - David M Hasan
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Pascal Jabbour
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Gary K Owens
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Michal Toborek
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Joshua M Hare
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
| | - Aaron S Dumont
- From the Department of Neurological Surgery & Radiology, University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative (R.M.S., J.W.T.), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.T.), and Department of Cardiology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (J.M.H.), University of Miami, FL; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City (M.S.A., D.M.H.); Department of Neurological Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (C.L.P., A.M.L., A.S.D.); Department of Neurosurgery (D.D.) and Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (G.K.O.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; and Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (N.C., P.J.)
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23
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He L, You S, Gong H, Zhang J, Wang L, Zhang C, Huang Y, Zhong C, Zou Y. Cigarette smoke induces rat testicular injury via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1053-1065. [PMID: 28700107 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan He
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health; Xinjiang Medical University; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Shuping You
- Department of Basic Nursing Teaching and Research Section, School of Nursing; Xinjiang Medical University; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health; Xinjiang Medical University; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Metabolic Disease; First Affiliated Hospitalof Xinjiang Medical University; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Chunxue Zhong
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health; Xinjiang Medical University; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,; Urumqi Xinjiang P.R. China
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24
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Association of TNF-α-3959T/C Gene Polymorphisms in the Chinese Population with Intracranial Aneurysms. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 63:349-354. [PMID: 29027627 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm (IA). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important proinflammatory cytokine, which was shown to influence the development of IA, but there is no research data from China. Hence, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between TNF-α polymorphisms and IA in China. The association of genetic variants of TNF-α gene expression was investigated in a Chinese population with IA. The TNF-α-3959T>C(rs1799964), 4127C>A(rs1800630), 4133C>T(rs1799724), 4184C>T(rs4248158), and 4752G>A(rs361525) gene polymorphisms in 192 IA cases and 112 controls were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differences in genotype and allele frequencies between patients and controls were tested. There were no significant differences in 4127C>A (p = 0.072), 4133C>T (p = 0.373), 4184C>T (p = 0.749), and 4752G>A (p = 0.184) genotype frequencies between the IA group and the control group. But this case-control association study revealed that TNF-α-3959T>C (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with increased risk of IA. These results suggested that a novel TNF-α locus was found to be closely correlated with the occurrence of IA in Chinese.
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25
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Yang HL, Korivi M, Chen CH, Peng WJ, Chen CS, Li ML, Hsu LS, Liao JW, Hseu YC. Antrodia camphorata attenuates cigarette smoke-induced ROS production, DNA damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells, and atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2070-2084. [PMID: 28370894 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure activates several cellular mechanisms predisposing to atherosclerosis, including oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and vascular inflammation. Antrodia camphorata, a renowned medicinal mushroom in Taiwan, has been investigated for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherosclerotic properties in cigarette smoke extracts (CSE)-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and ApoE-deficient mice. Fermented culture broth of Antrodia camphorata (AC, 200-800 µg/mL) possesses effective antioxidant activity against CSE-induced ROS production. Treatment of SMCs (A7r5) with AC (30-120 µg/mL) remarkably ameliorated CSE-induced morphological aberrations and cell death. Suppressed ROS levels by AC corroborate with substantial inhibition of CSE-induced DNA damage in AC-treated A7r5 cells. We found CSE-induced apoptosis through increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, was substantially inhibited by AC in A7r5 cells. Notably, upregulated SOD and catalase expressions in AC-treated A7r5 cells perhaps contributed to eradicate the CSE-induced ROS generation, and prevents DNA damage and apoptosis. Besides, AC suppressed AP-1 activity by inhibiting the c-Fos/c-Jun expressions, and NF-κB activation through inhibition of I-κBα degradation against CSE-stimulation. This anti-inflammatory property of AC was accompanied by suppressed CSE-induced VEGF, PDGF, and EGR-1 overexpressions in A7r5 cells. Furthermore, AC protects lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells from CSE-induced cell death. In vivo data showed that AC oral administration (0.6 mg/d/8-wk) prevents CSE-accelerated atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. This antiatherosclerotic property was associated with increased serum total antioxidant status, and decreased total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Thus, Antrodia camphorata may be useful for prevention of CSE-induced oxidative stress and diseases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 2070-2084, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chao Yang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jung Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chao Yang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Shan Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chao Yang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Li
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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26
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Ji R, Pan Y, Yan H, Zhang R, Liu G, Wang P, Wang Y, Li H, Zhao X, Wang Y. Current smoking is associated with extracranial carotid atherosclerotic stenosis but not with intracranial large artery disease. BMC Neurol 2017. [PMID: 28651523 PMCID: PMC5485653 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-0873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has shown that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, it is not clear about the potential mechanisms through which cigarette smoking affects stroke risk. In the study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and the occurrence of extracranial (ECAS) and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). Methods We analyzed patients enrolled in the Chinese intracranial atherosclerosis (CICAS), which was a prospective, multicenter, hospital-based cohort study. Smoking status was classified into never, former and current smoking. For those patients with current smoking, data on time duration (year) and extent (the number of cigarette smoked per day) was recorded and pack year of smoking was calculated. ICAS was evaluated with 3-dimentional time-of-flight MRA and ECAS was evaluated with cervical ultrasonography or contrast-enhanced MRA. Multivariable Logistic regression was performed to identify the association between smoking status and the occurrence of ECAS and ICAS. Results A total of 2656 patients (92.7%) of acute ischemic stroke and 208 (7.3%) of transient ischemic attack were analyzed. The mean age was 61.9 ± 11.2 and 67.8% were male. There were 141 (4.9%) patients had only ECAS, 1074 (37.5%) had only ICAS, and 261 (9.1%) had both ECAS and ICAS. Current smoking was significantly associated with the occurrence of ECAS (adjusted OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.09–1.99, P < 0.01). In addition, with 1 year of smoking increment, the risk of ECAS increased by 1.1% (adjusted OR = 1.011; 95% CI = 1.003–1.019; P = 0.005); with one cigarette smoked per day increment, the risk of ECAS increased by 1.0% (adjusted OR = 1.010; 95% CI = 1.001–1.020; P = 0.03); and with one pack year of smoking increment, the risk of ECAS increased by 0.7% (adjusted OR = 1.007; 95% CI = 1.002–1.012; P < 0.01). However, no significant association was found between smoking status and the occurrence of ICAS. Conclusion A dose–response relationship was identified between cigarette smoking and the occurrence of ECAS, but not ICAS. Further studies on molecular mechanisms were warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12883-017-0873-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Function Reconstruction, Beijing, China
| | - Yuesong Pan
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Runhua Zhang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Gaifen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Penglian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China. .,Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China. .,Tiantan Comprehensive Stroke Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.6 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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27
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Saleheen D, Zhao W, Young R, Nelson CP, Ho W, Ferguson JF, Rasheed A, Ou K, Nurnberg ST, Bauer RC, Goel A, Do R, Stewart AF, Hartiala J, Zhang W, Thorleifsson G, Strawbridge RJ, Sinisalo J, Kanoni S, Sedaghat S, Marouli E, Kristiansson K, Zhao JH, Scott R, Gauguier D, Shah SH, Smith AV, van Zuydam N, Cox AJ, Willenborg C, Kessler T, Zeng L, Province MA, Ganna A, Lind L, Pedersen NL, White CC, Joensuu A, Kleber ME, Hall AS, März W, Salomaa V, O’Donnell C, Ingelsson E, Feitosa MF, Erdmann J, Bowden DW, Palmer CN, Gudnason V, De Faire U, Zalloua P, Wareham N, Thompson JR, Kuulasmaa K, Dedoussis G, Perola M, Dehghan A, Chambers JC, Kooner J, Allayee H, Deloukas P, McPherson R, Stefansson K, Schunkert H, Kathiresan S, Farrall M, Frossard PM, Rader DJ, Samani NJ, Reilly MP. Loss of Cardioprotective Effects at the ADAMTS7 Locus as a Result of Gene-Smoking Interactions. Circulation 2017; 135:2336-2353. [PMID: 28461624 PMCID: PMC5612779 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.022069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD) are complex in etiology. The interaction of genetic susceptibility with lifestyle factors may play a prominent role. However, gene-lifestyle interactions for CHD have been difficult to identify. Here, we investigate interaction of smoking behavior, a potent lifestyle factor, with genotypes that have been shown to associate with CHD risk. METHODS We analyzed data on 60 919 CHD cases and 80 243 controls from 29 studies for gene-smoking interactions for genetic variants at 45 loci previously reported to be associated with CHD risk. We also studied 5 loci associated with smoking behavior. Study-specific gene-smoking interaction effects were calculated and pooled using fixed-effects meta-analyses. Interaction analyses were declared to be significant at a P value of <1.0×10-3 (Bonferroni correction for 50 tests). RESULTS We identified novel gene-smoking interaction for a variant upstream of the ADAMTS7 gene. Every T allele of rs7178051 was associated with lower CHD risk by 12% in never-smokers (P=1.3×10-16) in comparison with 5% in ever-smokers (P=2.5×10-4), translating to a 60% loss of CHD protection conferred by this allelic variation in people who smoked tobacco (interaction P value=8.7×10-5). The protective T allele at rs7178051 was also associated with reduced ADAMTS7 expression in human aortic endothelial cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines. Exposure of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells to cigarette smoke extract led to induction of ADAMTS7. CONCLUSIONS: Allelic variation at rs7178051 that associates with reduced ADAMTS7 expression confers stronger CHD protection in never-smokers than in ever-smokers. Increased vascular ADAMTS7 expression may contribute to the loss of CHD protection in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Saleheen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robin Young
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher P. Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - WeangKee Ho
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jane F. Ferguson
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kristy Ou
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Sylvia T. Nurnberg
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert C. Bauer
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine and the Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine & Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alexandre F.R. Stewart
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jaana Hartiala
- Institute for Genetic Medicine and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Gudmar Thorleifsson
- deCODE Genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- University of Iceland, School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. VenizelouStr, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Svati H. Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Natalie van Zuydam
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Cox
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Christina Willenborg
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg–Lübeck–Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Lingyao Zeng
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany
| | - Michael A. Province
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles C. White
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA
| | - Anni Joensuu
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Finland (FIMM)
| | - Marcus Edi Kleber
- Department of Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alistair S. Hall
- Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany and Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christopher O’Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Framingham Heart Study, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Hamburg–Lübeck–Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Colin N.A. Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ulf De Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nicholas Wareham
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. VenizelouStr, Athens, Greece
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Finland (FIMM)
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaspal Kooner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Science, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Institute for Genetic Medicine and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth McPherson
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- University of Iceland, School of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, München, Germany
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine & Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - EPIC-CVD
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel J. Rader
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - PROMIS
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Muredach P. Reilly
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine and the Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Shu YN, Dong LH, Li H, Pei QQ, Miao SB, Zhang F, Zhang DD, Chen R, Yin YJ, Lin YL, Xue ZY, Lv P, Xie XL, Zhao LL, Nie X, Chen P, Han M. CKII-SIRT1-SM22α loop evokes a self-limited inflammatory response in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:1198-1207. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Herring BP, Hoggatt AM, Griffith SL, McClintick JN, Gallagher PJ. Inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation following carotid artery ligation. Physiol Genomics 2016; 49:115-126. [PMID: 28039430 PMCID: PMC5374455 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00095.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Following vascular injury medial smooth muscle cells dedifferentiate and migrate through the internal elastic lamina where they form a neointima. The goal of the current study was to identify changes in gene expression that occur before the development of neointima and are associated with the early response to injury. Vascular injury was induced in C57BL/6 mice and in Myh11-creER(T2) mTmG reporter mice by complete ligation of the left carotid artery. Reporter mice were used to visualize cellular changes in the injured vessels. Total RNA was isolated from control carotid arteries or from carotid arteries 3 days following ligation of C57BL/6 mice and analyzed by Affymetrix microarray and quantitative RT-PCR. This analysis revealed decreased expression of mRNAs encoding smooth muscle-specific contractile proteins that was accompanied by a marked increase in a host of mRNAs encoding inflammatory cytokines following injury. There was also marked decrease in molecules associated with BMP, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling and an increase in those associated with B cell, T cell, and macrophage signaling. Expression of a number of noncoding RNAs were also altered following injury with microRNAs 143/145 being dramatically downregulated and microRNAs 1949 and 142 upregulated. Several long noncoding RNAs showed altered expression that mirrored the expression of their nearest coding genes. These data demonstrate that following carotid artery ligation an inflammatory cascade is initiated that is associated with the downregulation of coding and noncoding RNAs that are normally required to maintain smooth muscle cells in a differentiated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Paul Herring
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - April M Hoggatt
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Sarah L Griffith
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Jeanette N McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Patricia J Gallagher
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
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30
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Coll-Bonfill N, Peinado VI, Pisano MV, Párrizas M, Blanco I, Evers M, Engelmann JC, García-Lucio J, Tura-Ceide O, Meister G, Barberà JA, Musri MM. Slug Is Increased in Vascular Remodeling and Induces a Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferative Phenotype. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159460. [PMID: 27441378 PMCID: PMC4956159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have confirmed Slug as a key player in regulating phenotypic changes in several cell models, however, its role in smooth muscle cells (SMC) has never been assessed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of Slug during the phenotypic switch of SMC in vitro and throughout the development of vascular remodeling. Methods and Results Slug expression was decreased during both cell-to-cell contact and TGFβ1 induced SMC differentiation. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), a known inductor of a proliferative/dedifferentiated SMC phenotype, induces the expression of Slug in SMC. Slug knockdown blocked TNFα-induced SMC phenotypic change and significantly reduced both SMC proliferation and migration, while its overexpression blocked the TGFβ1-induced SMC differentiation and induced proliferation and migration. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis showed that in SMC, Slug knockdown induced changes mainly in genes related to proliferation and migration, indicating that Slug controls these processes in SMC. Notably, Slug expression was significantly up-regulated in lungs of mice using a model of pulmonary hypertension-related vascular remodeling. Highly remodeled human pulmonary arteries also showed an increase of Slug expression compared to less remodeled arteries. Conclusions Slug emerges as a key transcription factor driving SMC towards a proliferative phenotype. The increased Slug expression observed in vivo in highly remodeled arteries of mice and human suggests a role of Slug in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Coll-Bonfill
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor I. Peinado
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María V. Pisano
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Isabel Blanco
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maurits Evers
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia C. Engelmann
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jessica García-Lucio
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gunter Meister
- Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joan Albert Barberà
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melina M. Musri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Ferguson JF, Allayee H, Gerszten RE, Ideraabdullah F, Kris-Etherton PM, Ordovás JM, Rimm EB, Wang TJ, Bennett BJ. Nutrigenomics, the Microbiome, and Gene-Environment Interactions: New Directions in Cardiovascular Disease Research, Prevention, and Treatment: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:291-313. [PMID: 27095829 DOI: 10.1161/hcg.0000000000000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are strongly linked to both genetic and nutritional factors. The field of nutrigenomics encompasses multiple approaches aimed at understanding the effects of diet on health or disease development, including nutrigenetic studies investigating the relationship between genetic variants and diet in modulating cardiometabolic risk, as well as the effects of dietary components on multiple "omic" measures, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, epigenetic modifications, and the microbiome. Here, we describe the current state of the field of nutrigenomics with respect to cardiometabolic disease research and outline a direction for the integration of multiple omics techniques in future nutrigenomic studies aimed at understanding mechanisms and developing new therapeutic options for cardiometabolic disease treatment and prevention.
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32
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Environmental carcinogens and mutational pathways in atherosclerosis. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2015; 218:293-312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chalouhi N, Theofanis T, Starke RM, Zanaty M, Jabbour P, Dooley SA, Hasan D. Potential role of granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor in the progression of intracranial aneurysms. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 34:78-81. [PMID: 25389911 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2014.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in the inflammatory response leading to aneurysm formation, progression, and rupture. The purpose of this study was to determine whether granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a role in the progression of human intracranial aneurysms. Specifically, we investigated whether there was a correlation between the aneurysm size and the concentration of GM-CSF in the lumen of intracranial aneurysms. The concentrations of GM-CSF in blood samples drawn from the lumen of 15 human unruptured saccular intracranial aneurysms of 14 consecutive patients were compared. The aneurysm size was 10.3±9 mm on average. The mean plasma concentration of GM-CSF was 27.9±3.1 pg/mL in the lumen of intracranial aneurysms. The mean plasma concentration of GM-CSF was significantly higher in aneurysms larger than 7 mm (30.1±2.8 pg/mL) compared with aneurysms smaller than 7 mm (26.4±2.4 pg/mL; p=0.02). There was a significant positive correlation between the aneurysm size and the plasma concentration of GM-CSF (Spearman's rho=0.55; p=0.04). There is a significant positive correlation between the aneurysm size and the plasma concentration of GM-CSF in aneurysm lumens. This suggests that GM-CSF, through its stimulatory function on macrophages, may promote aneurysm progression and may be a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohra Chalouhi
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Ackers-Johnson M, Talasila A, Sage AP, Long X, Bot I, Morrell NW, Bennett MR, Miano JM, Sinha S. Myocardin regulates vascular smooth muscle cell inflammatory activation and disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:817-28. [PMID: 25614278 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.305218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis, the cause of 50% of deaths in westernized societies, is widely regarded as a chronic vascular inflammatory disease. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) inflammatory activation in response to local proinflammatory stimuli contributes to disease progression and is a pervasive feature in developing atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, it is of considerable therapeutic importance to identify mechanisms that regulate the VSMC inflammatory response. APPROACH AND RESULTS We report that myocardin, a powerful myogenic transcriptional coactivator, negatively regulates VSMC inflammatory activation and vascular disease. Myocardin levels are reduced during atherosclerosis, in association with phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells. Myocardin deficiency accelerates atherogenesis in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice. Conversely, increased myocardin expression potently abrogates the induction of an array of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules in VSMCs. Expression of myocardin in VSMCs reduces lipid uptake, macrophage interaction, chemotaxis, and macrophage-endothelial tethering in vitro, and attenuates monocyte accumulation within developing lesions in vivo. These results demonstrate that endogenous levels of myocardin are a critical regulator of vessel inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We propose myocardin as a guardian of the contractile, noninflammatory VSMC phenotype, with loss of myocardin representing a critical permissive step in the process of phenotypic transition and inflammatory activation, at the onset of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ackers-Johnson
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Amarnath Talasila
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Andrew P Sage
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Xiaochun Long
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Ilze Bot
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Martin R Bennett
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Joseph M Miano
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.)
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- From the Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.A.-J., A.T., A.P.S., N.W.M., M.R.B., S.S.); Department of Medicine, AAB Cardiovascular Research Institute, West Henrietta, NY (X.L., J.M.M.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (I.B.).
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Buell TJ, Ding D, Starke RM, Webster Crowley R, Liu KC. Embolization-induced angiogenesis in cerebral arteriovenous malformations. J Clin Neurosci 2014; 21:1866-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liu R, Leslie KL, Martin KA. Epigenetic regulation of smooth muscle cell plasticity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1849:448-53. [PMID: 24937434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMC) are the major cell type in blood vessels. Their principal function in the body is to regulate blood flow and pressure through vessel wall contraction and relaxation. Unlike many other mature cell types in the adult body, SMC do not terminally differentiate but retain a remarkable plasticity. They have the unique ability to toggle between a differentiated and quiescent "contractile" state and a highly proliferative and migratory "synthetic" phenotype in response to environmental stresses. While there have been major advances in our understanding of SMC plasticity through the identification of growth factors and signals that can influence the SMC phenotype, how these regulate SMC plasticity remains unknown. To date, several key transcription factors and regulatory cis elements have been identified that play a role in modulating SMC state. The frontier in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying SMC plasticity has now advanced to the level of epigenetics. This review will summarize the epigenetic regulation of SMC, highlighting the role of histone modification, DNA methylation, and our most recent identification of a DNA demethylation pathway in SMC that is pivotal in the regulation of the SMC phenotypic state. Many disorders are associated with smooth muscle dysfunction, including atherosclerosis, the major underlying cause of stroke and coronary heart disease, as well as transplant vasculopathy, aneurysm, asthma, hypertension, and cancer. An increased understanding of the major regulators of SMC plasticity will lead to the identification of novel target molecules that may, in turn, lead to novel drug discoveries for the treatment of these diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Stress as a fundamental theme in cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Liu
- Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centre for the Endothelium, Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristen L Leslie
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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Starke RM, Chalouhi N, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, Rosenwasser RH, Wada K, Shimada K, Hasan DM, Greig NH, Owens GK, Dumont AS. Critical role of TNF-α in cerebral aneurysm formation and progression to rupture. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:77. [PMID: 24739142 PMCID: PMC4022343 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in TNF-α expression have been associated with cerebral aneurysms, but a direct role in formation, progression, and rupture has not been established. Methods Cerebral aneurysms were induced through hypertension and a single stereotactic injection of elastase into the basal cistern in mice. To test the role of TNF-α in aneurysm formation, aneurysms were induced in TNF-α knockout mice and mice pretreated with the synthesized TNF-α inhibitor 3,6′dithiothalidomide (DTH). To assess the role of TNF-α in aneurysm progression and rupture, DTH was started 6 days after aneurysm induction. TNF-α expression was assessed through real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Results TNF-α knockout mice and those pre-treated with DTH had significantly decreased incidence of aneurysm formation and rupture as compared to sham mice. As compared with sham mice, TNF-α protein and mRNA expression was not significantly different in TNF-α knockout mice or those pre-treated with DTH, but was elevated in unruptured and furthermore in ruptured aneurysms. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) occurred between 7 and 21 days following aneurysm induction. To ensure aneurysm formation preceded rupture, additional mice underwent induction and sacrifice after 7 days. Seventy-five percent had aneurysm formation without evidence of SAH. Initiation of DTH treatment 6 days after aneurysm induction did not alter the incidence of aneurysm formation, but resulted in aneurysmal stabilization and a significant decrease in rupture. Conclusions These data suggest a critical role of TNF-α in the formation and rupture of aneurysms in a model of cerebral aneurysm formation. Inhibitors of TNF-α could be beneficial in preventing aneurysmal progression and rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Starke
- Joseph and Marie Field Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Neurovascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Ding D. Deleterious Effect of Smoking on Ischemic Stroke Outcomes: Implications for the Role of Chronic Inflammation on Atherosclerotic Plaque Pathogenesis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 23:596-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Jain MK, Sangwung P, Hamik A. Regulation of an inflammatory disease: Krüppel-like factors and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:499-508. [PMID: 24526695 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This invited review summarizes work presented in the Russell Ross lecture delivered at the 2012 proceedings of the American Heart Association. We begin with a brief overview of the structural, cellular, and molecular biology of Krüppel-like factors. We then focus on discoveries during the past decade, implicating Krüppel-like factors as key determinants of vascular cell function in atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh K Jain
- From the Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (M.K.J., P.S., A.H.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (A.H.)
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Liang Y, Yan Z, Sun B, Cai C, Jiang H, Song A, Qiu C. Cardiovascular risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease and carotid atherosclerosis among Chinese older people: a population-based study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85927. [PMID: 24465793 PMCID: PMC3895010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epidemiological data concerning atherosclerotic disease among older people in rural China are sparse. We seek to determine prevalence and cardiovascular risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease (PAD) and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) among Chinese older people living in a rural community. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1499 participants (age ≥60 years, 59.0% women) of the Confucius Hometown Aging Project in Shandong, China. From June 2010-July 2011, data were collected through interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index ≤0.9. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid artery stenosis were assessed by ultrasonography. We defined moderate stenosis as carotid stenosis ≥50%, and severe stenosis as carotid stenosis ≥70%. cIMT≥1.81 mm was considered as an increased cIMT (a measure of CAS). Data were analyzed with multiple logistic models. RESULTS The prevalence was 5.7% for PAD, 8.9% for moderate stenosis, 1.8% for severe stenosis, and 11.2% for increased cIMT. After controlling for multiple potential confounders, diabetes, an increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and hypertension were significantly or marginally associated with PAD. Ever smoking, hypertension, and an increased LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of increased cIMT. An increasing number of those cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with an increasing odds ratio of PAD and increased cIMT, respectively (p for linear trend <0.001). CONCLUSION Among Chinese older people living in a rural community, PAD, carotid artery stenosis, and an increased cIMT are relatively uncommon. Cardiovascular risk factor profiles for PAD and CAS are slightly different, with hypertension and an increased LDL-C/HDL-C ratio being associated with an increased likelihood of both PAD and increased cIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liang
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Shandong, P. R. China
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (YL); (CQ)
| | - Zhongrui Yan
- Department of Neurology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Binglun Sun
- Xing Long Zhuang Coal Mine Hospital, Yankuang Group, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chuanzhu Cai
- Xing Long Zhuang Coal Mine Hospital, Yankuang Group, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Xing Long Zhuang Coal Mine Hospital, Yankuang Group, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Aiqin Song
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (YL); (CQ)
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Starke RM, Komotar RJ, Connolly ES. Molecular mechanisms behind aneurysm and dissection formation. Neurosurgery 2013; 73:N10-1. [PMID: 24257335 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000438330.64943.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Sheehan JP, Starke RM. Aneurysm formation associated with ionizing radiation. World Neurosurg 2013; 81:487-9. [PMID: 24215869 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Sheehan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| | - Robert M Starke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Vascular smooth muscle cells in cerebral aneurysm pathogenesis. Transl Stroke Res 2013; 5:338-46. [PMID: 24323713 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-013-0290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) maintain significant plasticity. Following environmental stimulation, SMC can alter their phenotype from one primarily concerned with contraction to a pro-inflammatory and matrix remodeling phenotype. This is a critical process behind peripheral vascular disease and atherosclerosis, a key element of cerebral aneurysm pathology. Evolving evidence demonstrates that SMCs and phenotypic modulation play a significant role in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Pharmacological alteration of smooth muscle cell function and phenotypic modulation could provide a promising medical therapy to inhibit cerebral aneurysm progression. This study reviews vascular SMC function and its contribution to cerebral aneurysm pathophysiology.
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Tumor necrosis factor-α modulates cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Transl Stroke Res 2013; 5:269-77. [PMID: 24323710 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-013-0287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical process behind cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a key immune modulator that has been implicated in cerebral aneurysm pathophysiology. This may occur through TNF-α-mediated endothelial injury, smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation, recruitment of macrophages, activation of chemotactic cytokines, upregulation of matrix remodeling genes, production of free radicals leading to oxidative stress, and ultimately cellular apoptosis. Recent studies have indicated that TNF-α may be a potential target for the development of novel medical therapies, but additional experimental data is needed to clarify the intricacies of TNF-α activation and its critical downstream targets in cerebral aneurysms. This review provides an update on the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-induced molecular modulation in cerebral aneurysms.
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