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Das Mahapatra A, Patra C, Sepay N, Sinha C, Chattopadhyay D. Anti-HSV nucleoside and non-nucleoside analogues: spectroscopic characterisation of naphthyl and coumarinyl amides and their mode and mechanism of antiviral action. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:245. [PMID: 37361241 PMCID: PMC10284772 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues acyclovir, valaciclovir, and famciclovir are the preferred drugs against human Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSVs). However, the viruses rapidly develop resistance against these analogues which demand safer, more efficient, and nontoxic antiviral agents. We have synthesized two non-nucleoside amide analogues, 2-Oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid [2-(pyridin-2-yl methoxy)-phenyl]-amide (HL1) and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-(4-pyridine carboxylic) hydrazone (HL2). The compounds were characterized by different physiochemical methods including elementary analysis, FT-IR, Mass spectra, 1H-NMR; and evaluated for their antiviral efficacy against HSV-1F by Plaque reduction assay. The 50% cytotoxicity (CC50), determined by MTT test, revealed that HL1 (270.4 μg/ml) and HL2 (362.6 μg/ml) are safer, while their antiviral activity (EC50) against HSV-1F was 37.20 μg/ml and 63.4 μg/ml against HL1 and HL2 respectively, compared to the standard antiviral drug Acyclovir (CC50 128.8 ± 3.4; EC50 2.8 ± 0.1). The Selectivity Index (SI) of these two compounds are also promising (4.3 for HL1 and 9.7 for HL2), compared to Acyclovir (49.3). Further study showed that these amide derivatives block the early stage of the HSV-1F life cycle. Additionally, both these amides make the virus inactive, and reduce the number of plaques, when infected Vero cells were exposed to HL1 and HL2 for a short period of time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03658-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Das Mahapatra
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, 700010 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Kolkata, 7000125 India
| | - Chiranjit Patra
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, 700010 India
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032 India
| | | | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, 700010 India
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, 590010 India
- School of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700102 India
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Ponticelli M, Bellone ML, Parisi V, Iannuzzi A, Braca A, de Tommasi N, Russo D, Sileo A, Quaranta P, Freer G, Pistello M, Milella L. Specialized metabolites from plants as a source of new multi-target antiviral drugs: a systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2023; 22:1-79. [PMID: 37359711 PMCID: PMC10008214 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-023-09855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections have always been the main global health challenge, as several potentially lethal viruses, including the hepatitis virus, herpes virus, and influenza virus, have affected human health for decades. Unfortunately, most licensed antiviral drugs are characterized by many adverse reactions and, in the long-term therapy, also develop viral resistance; for these reasons, researchers have focused their attention on investigating potential antiviral molecules from plants. Natural resources indeed offer a variety of specialized therapeutic metabolites that have been demonstrated to inhibit viral entry into the host cells and replication through the regulation of viral absorption, cell receptor binding, and competition for the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. Many active phytochemicals, including flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, coumarins, saponins, alkaloids, etc., have been identified as potential candidates for preventing and treating viral infections. Using a systematic approach, this review summarises the knowledge obtained to date on the in vivo antiviral activity of specialized metabolites extracted from plant matrices by focusing on their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell’ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bellone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Annamaria Iannuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Retrovirus Center, Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Retrovirus Center, Virology Section, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunziatina de Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell’ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Annalisa Sileo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell’ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Freer
- Virology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale Dell’ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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3
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Kitajima M. Recent studies on chemical constituents of Ophiorrhiza plants. J Nat Med 2022; 76:748-755. [PMID: 35902551 PMCID: PMC9411090 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ophiorrhiza plants (Family Rubiaceae) are known to produce diverse monoterpenoid indole alkaloids including camptothecin with potent antitumor activity. This review contains a summary of recent chemical studies reported over the past 10 years regarding alkaloids (monoterpenoid indole and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids, and cyclopeptide) in Ophiorrhiza plants. In addition, the alkaloid biosynthetic pathways based on their reported structures were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kitajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
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4
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Kumar B, Misra A, Singh SP, Dhar YV, Rawat P, Chattopadhyay D, Barik SK, Srivastava S. In-silico efficacy of potential phytomolecules from Ayurvedic herbs as an adjuvant therapy in management of COVID-19. J Food Drug Anal 2021; 29:559-580. [PMID: 35649148 PMCID: PMC9931022 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has sparked a new spectrum of investigations, research and studies in multifarious directions. Efforts are being made around the world for discovery of effective vaccines/drugs against COVID-19. In this context, Ayurveda, an alternative traditional system of medicine in India may work as an adjuvant therapy in compromised patients. We selected 40 herbal leads on the basis of their traditional applications. The phytomolecules from these leads were further screened through in-silico molecular docking against two main targets of SARS-CoV-2 i.e. the spike protein (S; structural protein) and the main protease (MPRO; non-structural protein). Out of the selected 40, 12 phytomolecules were able to block or stabilize the major functional sites of the main protease and spike protein. Among these, Ginsenoside, Glycyrrhizic acid, Hespiridin and Tribulosin exhibited high binding energy with both main protease and spike protein. Etoposide showed good binding energy only with Spike protein and Teniposide had high binding energy only with main protease. The above phytocompounds showed promising binding efficiency with target proteins indicating their possible applications against SARS-CoV-2. However, these findings need to be validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments with above mentioned potential molecules as candidate drugs for the management of COVID-19. In addition, there is an opportunity for the development of formulations through different permutations and combinations of these phytomolecules to harness their synergistic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Kumar
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | - Ankita Misra
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | - Satyendra Pratap Singh
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | - Yogeshwar Vikram Dhar
- Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | - Poonam Rawat
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | | | - Saroj Kanta Barik
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
| | - Sharad Srivastava
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P. 226001,
India
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Antiviral Active Compounds Derived from Natural Sources against Herpes Simplex Viruses. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071386. [PMID: 34372592 PMCID: PMC8310208 DOI: 10.3390/v13071386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are ubiquitously distributed with a seroprevalence ranging up to 95% in the adult population. Refractory viral infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) represent a major global health issue. In particular, the increasing occurrence of resistance to conventional antiviral drugs make the therapy of such infections even more challenging. For instance, the frequent and long-term use of acyclovir and other nucleoside analogues targeting the viral DNA-polymerase enhance the development of resistant viruses. Particularly, the incidental increase of those strains in immunocompromised patients is alarming and represent a major health concern. Alternative treatment concepts are clearly needed. Natural products such as herbal medicines showed antiherpetic activity in vitro and in vivo and proved to be an excellent source for the discovery and isolation of novel antivirals. By this means, numerous plant-derived compounds with antiviral or antimicrobial activity could be isolated. Natural medicines and their ingredients are well-tolerated and could be a good alternative for treating herpes simplex virus infections. This review provides an overview of the recent status of natural sources such as plants, bacteria, fungi, and their ingredients with antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses. Furthermore, we highlight the most potent herbal medicines and ingredients as promising candidates for clinical investigation and give an overview about the most important drug classes along with their potential antiviral mechanisms. The content of this review is based on articles that were published between 1996 and 2021.
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Mondal J, Das Mahapatra A, Mandal KC, Chattopadhyay D. An extract of Stephania hernandifolia, an ethnomedicinal plant, inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 entry. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2187-2198. [PMID: 34041610 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stephania hernandifolia (Nimukho), an ethnomedicinal herb from rural Bengal, has been used traditionally for the management of nerve, skin, urinary, and digestive ailments. Here, we attempted to confirm the antiviral potential of aqueous, methanol, and chloroform extracts of S. hernandifolia against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the causative agent of orolabial herpes in humans, and decipher its underlying mechanism of action. The bioactive extract was standardized and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, while cytotoxicity and antiviral activity were evaluated by MTT and plaque reduction assay, respectively. Two HSV strains, HSV-1F and the clinical isolate VU-09, were inhibited by the chloroform extract (CE) with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 4.32 and 4.50 µg/ml respectively, with a selectivity index (SI) of 11. Time-of-addition assays showed that pre-treatment of virus-infected cells with the CE and its removal before infection reduced the number of plaques without lasting toxicity to the cell, indicating that the CE affected the early stage in the viral life cycle. The number of plaques was also reduced by direct inactivation of virions and by the addition of CE for a short time following attachment of virions. These results together suggest that modification of either the virion surface or the cell surface by the CE inhibits virus entry into the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Mondal
- ICMR-NICED Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, GB-4, First Floor, 57 Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Das Mahapatra
- ICMR-NICED Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, GB-4, First Floor, 57 Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Keshab C Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR-NICED Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, GB-4, First Floor, 57 Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India.
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, 590010, India.
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7
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Mondal S, Mandal SM, Ojha D, Chattopadhyay D, Sinha C. Water soluble sulfaguanidine based Schiff base as a “Turn-on” fluorescent probe for intracellular recognition of Zn2+ in living cells and exploration for biological activities. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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9
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Halder A, Das S, Ojha D, Chattopadhyay D, Mukherjee A. Highly monodispersed gold nanoparticles synthesis and inhibition of herpes simplex virus infections. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:413-421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Cappariloside A shows antiviral and better anti-inflammatory effects against influenza virus via regulating host IFN signaling, in vitro and vivo. Life Sci 2018; 200:115-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Deethae A, Peerapornpisal Y, Pekkoh J, Sangthong P, Tragoolpua Y. Inhibitory effect of Spirogyra spp. algal extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 infection. J Appl Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29532624 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the antiviral activities of Spirogyra spp. algal extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). METHODS AND RESULTS Spirogyra spp. was extracted using water, ethanol and methanol. Aqueous extract of Spirogyra spp. had the lowest toxicity on Vero cells with the 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50 ) of 4363·30 μg ml-1 . As for potent inhibitory effect, the ethanolic extract presented the highest inhibition of viral infection on HSV-1 in the treatment during viral attachment on Vero cells with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) and selective index (SI) values of 164·20 and 2·17 μg ml-1 . However, the methanolic extract showed the highest inhibition of HSV-2 when treated during viral attachment with IC50 and SI values of 75·03 and 3·34 μg ml-1 . The methanolic extract of Spirogyra spp. also demonstrated significant virucidal effects on viral particles. Therefore, anti-HSV activity at various stages of the viral multiplication cycle was shown. The main active compounds in the active fractions of Spirogyra spp. ethanolic extract against HSV were found to be alkaloids, essential oils and terpenoids. CONCLUSIONS The highest anti-HSV activity was obtained from the ethanolic extract of Spirogyra spp. The extract inhibited the HSV viral particles and the inhibition was during the viral attachment and the viral multiplication. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Anti-HSV activity of extract of freshwater green macroalga Spirogyra spp. in Thailand was demonstrated. Therefore, anti-HSV product containing the Spirogyra spp. extract should be developed for treatment of HSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Deethae
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Y Peerapornpisal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - J Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry, and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - P Sangthong
- Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry, and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Y Tragoolpua
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry, and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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A novel glycoprotein D-specific monoclonal antibody neutralizes herpes simplex virus. Antiviral Res 2017; 147:131-141. [PMID: 29061442 PMCID: PMC7113901 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the shortage of efficient vaccines and novel therapeutic strategies against HSV are widely global concerns. The abundance on the virion and the major stimulus for the virus-neutralizing antibodies makes gD a predominant candidate for cure of HSV infection. In this study, we generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb), termed m27f, targeting to glycoprotein D (gD) of HSV-2, which also has cross-reactivity against HSV-1 gD. It has a high level of neutralizing activity against both HSV-1 and HSV-2, and binds to a highly conserved region (residues 292-297) within the pro-fusion domain of gD. It can effectively block HSV cell-to-cell spread in vitro. The pre- or post-attachment neutralization assay and syncytium formation inhibition assay revealed that m27f neutralizes HSV at the post-binding stage. Moreover, therapeutic administration of m27f completely prevented infection-related mortality of mice challenged with a lethal dose of HSV-2. Our newly identified epitope for the neutralizing antibody would facilitate studies of gD-based HSV entry or vaccine design, and m27f itself demonstrated a high potential for adaptation as a protective or therapeutic drug against HSV.
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13
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Ibrahim TS, AL-Mahmoudy AMM, Elagawany M, Ibrahim MA, Panda SS. Synthesis and Antiviral Bioassay of New Diphenyl Ether-based Compounds. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:511-8. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Amany M. M. AL-Mahmoudy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Zagazig University; Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elagawany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Damanhour University; Damanhour 22516 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; College of Pharmacy; Almaarefa Colleges for Science and Technology; Riyadh 11597 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Organic Chemistry; College of Pharmacy; Misr University for Science and Technology; 6th of October, P.O. Box: 77 Giza Egypt
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry & Physics; Augusta University; Augusta GA 30912 USA
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Viol DI, Chagonda LS, Moyo SR, Mericli AH. Toxicity and Antiviral Activities of Some Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Medical Practitioners in Zimbabwe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2016.711145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Chakravarty H, Ojha D, Konreddy AK, Bal C, Chandra NS, Sharon A, Chattopadhyay D. Synthesis of multi ring-fused imidazo [1,2- a]isoquinoline-based fluorescent scaffold as anti-Herpetic agent. Antivir Chem Chemother 2015; 24:127-135. [PMID: 30889631 DOI: 10.1177/2040206616680968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural product-inspired synthesis is a key incorporation in modern diversity-oriented synthesis to yield biologically novel scaffold. Inspired by β-carboline fused system, we have designed molecules with multi ring fused scaffold by modifying the tricyclic pyrido[3,4- b]indole ring with imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinoline. METHODS A highly convergent approach with new C-N and C-C bond formation to synthesize multiring fused complex scaffold imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinolinies as fluorophores. N-nucleophile-induced ring transformation of 2 H-pyran-2-one followed by in situ cis-stilbene-type oxidative photocyclization yielded new C-C bond formation without additional oxidant. The cytotoxicity, effective concentrations, and the mode of action of the synthesized analogs were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT),, plaque reduction, time of addition, and reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS Novel imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinoline analogs were prepared, and the results revealed that trans isomer of cyclopropyl analog (EC50 35 and 37.5 µg/ml) and trans isomer of citric acid salt of phenyl analog (EC50 38.2 and 39.8 µg/ml) possess significant anti-Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) activity with selectivity index of >10. The kinetic study demonstrated that both the analogs inhibited HSV-1F and HSV-2G at 2-4 h postinfection. Finally, western blot and reverse transcriptase PCR assays revealed that both the analogs suppressed viral immediate early transcription. CONCLUSION Novel imidazo[1,2- a]isoquinoline analogs were synthesized from pyranone with appropriate amines. Two compounds showed better antiviral profile on HSV-infected Vero cells, compared to the standard drug acyclovir (ACV). Overall, we discovered a promising scaffold to develop a nonnucleoside lead targeting the viral immediate early transcription for the management of HSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ananda K Konreddy
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India
| | - Chandralata Bal
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India
| | | | - Ashoke Sharon
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- 2 ICMR Virus Unit, ID & BG Hospital, Kolkata, India.,3 Regional Medical Research Center (RMRC), Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, India
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Chen D, Su A, Fu Y, Wang X, Lv X, Xu W, Xu S, Wang H, Wu Z. Harmine blocks herpes simplex virus infection through downregulating cellular NF-κB and MAPK pathways induced by oxidative stress. Antiviral Res 2015; 123:27-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Ojha D, Das R, Sobia P, Dwivedi V, Ghosh S, Samanta A, Chattopadhyay D. Pedilanthus tithymaloides Inhibits HSV Infection by Modulating NF-κB Signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139338. [PMID: 26405764 PMCID: PMC4583282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (PT), a widely used ethnomedicinal plant, has been employed to treat a number of skin conditions. To extend its utility and to fully exploit its medicinal potential, we have evaluated the in vitro antiviral activity of a methanolic extract of PT leaves and its isolated compounds against Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2). Bioactivity-guided studies revealed that the extract and one of its constituents, luteolin, had potent antiviral activity against wild-type and clinical isolates of HSV-2 (EC50 48.5–52.6 and 22.4–27.5 μg/ml, respectively), with nearly complete inhibition at 86.5–101.8 and 40.2–49.6 μg/ml, respectively. The inhibitory effect was significant (p<0.001) when the drug was added 2 h prior to infection, and was effective up to 4 h post-infection. As viral replication requires NF-κB activation, we examined whether the observed extract-induced inhibition of HSV-2 was related to NF-κB inhibition. Interestingly, we observed that treatment of HSV-2-infected cells with extract or luteolin suppressed NF-κB activation. Although NF-κB, JNK and MAPK activation was compromised during HSV replication, neither the extract nor luteolin affected HSV-2-induced JNK1/2 and MAPK activation. Moreover, the PT leaf extract and luteolin potently down-regulated the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, NO and iNOS and the production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), which are directly involved in controlling the NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, our results indicate that both PT leaf extract and luteolin modulate the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in the inhibition of HSV-2 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durbadal Ojha
- ICMR Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, General Block 4, 57 Dr Suresh Chandra Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Rashmi Das
- ICMR Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, General Block 4, 57 Dr Suresh Chandra Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Parveen Sobia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Cell Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Vedprakash Dwivedi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Cell Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Soma Ghosh
- ICMR Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, General Block 4, 57 Dr Suresh Chandra Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja SC Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amalesh Samanta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja SC Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR Virus Unit, ID and BG Hospital, General Block 4, 57 Dr Suresh Chandra Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, India
- * E-mail:
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Al-Salahi R, Alswaidan I, Ghabbour HA, Ezzeldin E, Elaasser M, Marzouk M. Docking and antiherpetic activity of 2-aminobenzo[de]-isoquinoline-1,3-diones. Molecules 2015; 20:5099-111. [PMID: 25808153 PMCID: PMC6272685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20035099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of our search for new compounds having antiviral effects, the prepared 2-aminonaphthalimide series was examined for its activity against the herpes simplex viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2. This represents the first study of the antiviral effects of this class of compounds. The new series of 2-amino-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-diones was examined against HSV-1 and HSV-2 using a cytopathic effect inhibition assay. In terms of effective concentration (EC50), furaldehyde, thiophene aldehyde and allyl isothiocyanide derivatives 14‒16 showed potent activity against HSV-1 (EC50 = 19.6, 16.2 and 17.8 μg/mL), compared to acyclovir as a reference drug (EC50 = 1.8 μg/mL). Moreover, 14 and 15 were found to exhibit valuable activity against HSV-2. Many of the tested compounds demonstrated weak to moderate EC50 values relative to their inactive parent compound (2-amino-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione), while compounds 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21 and 22 were the most active set of antiviral compounds throughout this study. The cytotoxicity (CC50), EC50, and the selectivity index (SI) values were determined. In a molecular docking study, the ligand-receptor interactions of compounds 1-24 and their parent with the HSV-1 thymidine kinase active site were investigated using the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) software. Based on the potent anti-HSV properties of the previous naphthalimide condensate products, further exploration of this series of 2-amino-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-diones is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (R.A.-S.); (I.A.); (H.A.G.)
| | - Ibrahim Alswaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (R.A.-S.); (I.A.); (H.A.G.)
| | - Hazem A. Ghabbour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (R.A.-S.); (I.A.); (H.A.G.)
| | - Essam Ezzeldin
- Drug Bioavailability Lab., College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Mahmoud Elaasser
- Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Naser City, Cairo 11759, Egypt; E-Mail:
| | - Mohamed Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (R.A.-S.); (I.A.); (H.A.G.)
- Chemistry of Natural Products Group, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Mondal S, Bhanja AK, Ojha D, Mondal TK, Chattopadhyay D, Sinha C. Fluorescence sensing and intracellular imaging of Al3+ions by using naphthalene based sulfonamide chemosensor: structure, computation and biological studies. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11548e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthyl appended sulfonamide Schiff base (HL), an antimicrobial nontoxic agent, serves as a fluorogenic sensor to Al3+, LOD 33.2 nM and is used for living cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | | | - Durbadal Ojha
- ICMR Virus Unit
- I.D. & B.G. Hospital
- Kolkata-700032
- India
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20
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Chattopadhyay D, Ojha D, Mondal S, Goswami D. Validation of Antiviral Potential of Herbal Ethnomedicine. EVIDENCE-BASED VALIDATION OF HERBAL MEDICINE 2015. [PMCID: PMC7150199 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800874-4.00008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are the basis of treatment since the dawn of human civilization, and modern medicine has gradually developed, over the years, by scientific and observational efforts from traditional medicine. Today most of the synthetic drugs showed adverse and unacceptable side effects, however, impressive bioactivities with reduced toxicities were reported for many botanicals against several chronic or difficult-to-treat diseases. A whole range of viral diseases including human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Rabies, Dengue, and Herpes need effective drugs. Considerable research has been carried out on the pharmacognosy, chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutics of traditional medicines of diverse cultures, and many pharmaceutical companies have renewed their strategies for antiviral drug development where no effective drugs or vaccine exist. Thus, phytochemicals with antiviral potentials need to be studied in depth with standardization, chemical isolation, effectivity, molecular mechanism, along with in vivo toxicity and efficacy to reduce cost and time. This review will portray the scientific approaches and methodologies used for the development of antiviral leads from traditional medicines against selected genetically and functionally diverse viral infections.
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21
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Ojha D, Mukherjee H, Mondal S, Jena A, Dwivedi VP, Mondal KC, Malhotra B, Samanta A, Chattopadhyay D. Anti-inflammatory activity of Odina wodier Roxb, an Indian folk remedy, through inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104939. [PMID: 25153081 PMCID: PMC4143220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is part of self-limiting non-specific immune response, which occurs during bodily injury. In some disorders the inflammatory process becomes continuous, leading to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer etc. Several Indian tribes used the bark of Odina wodier (OWB) for treating inflammatory disorders. Thus, we have evaluated the immunotherapeutic potential of OWB methanol extract and its major constituent chlorogenic acid (CA), using three popular in vivo antiinflammatory models: Carrageenan- and Dextran-induced paw edema, Cotton pellet granuloma, and Acetic acid-induced vascular permeability. To elucidate the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of action we determine the level of major inflammatory mediators (NO, iNOS, COX-2-dependent prostaglandin E2 or PGE2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12). Further, we determine the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), nuclear factor kappa-B cells (NF-κB), and NF-kB inhibitor alpha (IK-Bα) by protein and mRNA expression, and Western blot analysis in drug treated LPS-induced murine macrophage model. Moreover, we determined the acute and sub-acute toxicity of OWB extract in BALB/c mice. Our study demonstrated a significant anti-inflammatory activity of OWB extract and CA along with the inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12 expressions. Further, the expression of TLR4, NF-κBp65, MyD88, iNOS and COX-2 molecules were reduced in drug-treated groups, but not in the LPS-stimulated untreated or control groups, Thus, our results collectively indicated that the OWB extract and CA can efficiently inhibit inflammation through the down regulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durbadal Ojha
- ICMR Virus Unit, I.D. & B.G. Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, India
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Supriya Mondal
- ICMR Virus Unit, I.D. & B.G. Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, India
| | - Aditya Jena
- ICMR Virus Unit, I.D. & B.G. Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Keshab C. Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Bharti Malhotra
- Department of Microbiology, SMS Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - Amalesh Samanta
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail: (DC); (AS)
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22
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Karampuri S, Ojha D, Bag P, Chakravarty H, Bal C, Chattopadhyay D, Sharon A. Anti-HSV activity and mode of action study of α-pyrone carboxamides. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01303d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential anti-HSV lead candidate3d(EC50= 9.8 μg ml−1) and its possible binding mode to utilize cavity-A and cavity-B of viral enzyme HSV polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Karampuri
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Durbadal Ojha
- ICMR Virus Unit
- ID & BG Hospital
- Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Paromita Bag
- ICMR Virus Unit
- ID & BG Hospital
- Kolkata 700010, India
| | | | - Chandralata Bal
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi 835215, India
| | | | - Ashoke Sharon
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi 835215, India
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