1
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Whitaker RD, Decano JL, Gormley C, Beigie CA, Meisel C, Tan GA, Moran AM, Giordano NJ, Park Y, Huang P, Andersson S, Gantz D, Grant AK, Ruiz-Opazo N, Herrera VL, Wong JY. Janus USPION modular platform (JUMP) for theranostic ultrasound-mediated targeted intratumoral microvascular imaging and DNA/miRNA delivery. Theranostics 2022; 12:7646-7667. [PMID: 36451861 PMCID: PMC9706579 DOI: 10.7150/thno.78454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: High mortality in pancreatic cancer (PDAC) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) highlight the need to capitalize on nanoscale-design advantages for multifunctional diagnostics and therapies. DNA/RNA-therapies can provide potential breakthroughs, however, to date, there is no FDA-approved systemic delivery system to solid tumors. Methods: Here, we report a Janus-nanoparticle (jNP)-system with modular targeting, payload-delivery, and targeted-imaging capabilities. Our jNP-system consists of 10 nm ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPION) with opposing antibody-targeting and DNA/RNA payload-protecting faces, directionally self-assembled with commercially available zwitterionic microbubbles (MBs) and DNA/RNA payloads. Results: Sonoporation of targeted jNP-payload-MBs delivers functional reporter-DNA imparting tumor-fluorescence, and micro-RNA126 reducing non-druggable KRAS in PDAC-Panc1 and TNBC-MB231 xenografted tumors. The targeting jNP-system enhances ultrasound-imaging of intra-tumoral microvasculature using less MBs/body weight (BW). The jNP-design enhances USPION's T2*-magnetic resonance (MR) and MR-imaging of PDAC-peritoneal metastases using less Fe/BW. Conclusion: Altogether, data advance the asymmetric jNP-design as a potential theranostic Janus-USPION Modular Platform - a JUMP forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julius L. Decano
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Gormley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carl A. Beigie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cari Meisel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Glaiza A. Tan
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann-Marie Moran
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Giordano
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoonjee Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean Andersson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald Gantz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron K. Grant
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria L.M. Herrera
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Victoria L.M. Herrera (); Joyce Y. Wong ()
| | - Joyce Y. Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Victoria L.M. Herrera (); Joyce Y. Wong ()
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2
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Schleicher RL, Li K, Mylvaganam R, Bevers MB, Goldstein JN, Kimberly WT. Expression of DEspR in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106685. [PMID: 36007264 PMCID: PMC9509454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroinflammation and secondary injury play a central role in the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage. The dual endothelin-1/VEGFsignal-peptide receptor (DEspR) has been reported to mediate the inflammatory response after acute brain injury in a rodent model. We performed a pilot study to assess the expression of DEspR on circulating leukocytes in patients who presented with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a prospective observational study of patients presenting to two academic medical centers with ICH. Normal healthy volunteers (NHV) were also recruited for sample analysis. Whole blood was obtained, and flow cytometry was performed to examine DEspR expression on neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. RESULTS A total of 19 patients were included in analysis. Median ICH volume was 39 cm3 [IQR 19 cm3, 73 cm3] and median ICH score was 2 [IQR 2, 3]. DEspR expression was more abundant on neutrophils (median 2.4% [IQR 0.5%, 5.8%], p = 0.0064) and monocytes (median 4.4% [IQR 1.7%, 15.8%], p = 0.003) relative to lymphocytes (median 0.9% [IQR 0.2%, 3.3%]). ICH patients had higher DEspR expression in all leukocytes relative to NHV (p < 0.05 for all). Among ICH patients, those with a medical history of hypertension showed higher DEspR expression on neutrophils and monocytes (p = 0.018) compared to those without hypertension. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, DEspR is expressed on circulating neutrophils and monocytes in humans after ICH, with higher levels of expression in those with hypertension. Future work in larger cohorts should examine the relationship of DEspR expression with neuroinflammatory endpoints and long-term outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riana L Schleicher
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Lunder 644, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Li
- Divisions of Stroke, Cerebrovascular and Critical Care Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ravi Mylvaganam
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew B Bevers
- Divisions of Stroke, Cerebrovascular and Critical Care Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua N Goldstein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Taylor Kimberly
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Lunder 644, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Herrera VLM, Walkey AJ, Nguyen MQ, Gromisch CM, Mosaddhegi JZ, Gromisch MS, Jundi B, Lukassen S, Carstensen S, Denis R, Belkina AC, Baron RM, Pinilla-vera M, Mueller M, Kimberly WT, Goldstein JN, Lehmann I, Shih AR, Eils R, Levy BD, Ruiz-opazo N. A targetable ‘rogue’ neutrophil-subset, [CD11b+DEspR+] immunotype, is associated with severity and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and COVID-19-ARDS. Sci Rep 2022; 12. [PMID: 35379853 PMCID: PMC8977568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated secondary tissue injury underlies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and progression to multi-organ-failure (MOF) and death, processes linked to COVID-19-ARDS. This secondary tissue injury arises from dysregulated neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) intended to kill pathogens, but instead cause cell-injury. Insufficiency of pleiotropic therapeutic approaches delineate the need for inhibitors of dysregulated neutrophil-subset(s) that induce subset-specific apoptosis critical for neutrophil function-shutdown. We hypothesized that neutrophils expressing the pro-survival dual endothelin-1/VEGF-signal peptide receptor, DEspR, are apoptosis-resistant like DEspR+ cancer-cells, hence comprise a consequential pathogenic neutrophil-subset in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS. Here, we report the significant association of increased peripheral DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophil-counts with severity and mortality in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS, and intravascular NET-formation, in contrast to DEspR[-] neutrophils. We detect DEspR+ neutrophils and monocytes in lung tissue patients in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS, and increased neutrophil RNA-levels of DEspR ligands and modulators in COVID-19-ARDS scRNA-seq data-files. Unlike DEspR[-] neutrophils, DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils exhibit delayed apoptosis, which is blocked by humanized anti-DEspR-IgG4S228P antibody, hu6g8, in ex vivo assays. Ex vivo live-cell imaging of Rhesus-derived DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils showed hu6g8 target-engagement, internalization, and induction of apoptosis. Altogether, data identify DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils as a targetable ‘rogue’ neutrophil-subset associated with severity and mortality in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS.
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4
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Manju CA, Jeena K, Ramachandran R, Manohar M, Ambily AM, Sajesh KM, Gowd GS, Menon K, Pavithran K, Pillai A, Nair SV, Koyakutty M. Intracranially injectable multi-siRNA nanomedicine for the inhibition of glioma stem cells. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab104. [PMID: 34604750 PMCID: PMC8482790 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoparticle siRNA-conjugates are promising clinical therapeutics as indicated by recent US-FDA approval. In glioma stem cells (GSC), multiple stemness associated genes were found aberrant. We report intracranially injectable, multi-gene-targeted siRNA nanoparticle gel (NPG) for the combinatorial silencing of 3 aberrant genes, thus inhibiting the tumorogenic potential of GSCs. Methods NPG loaded with siRNAs targeted against FAK, NOTCH-1, and SOX-2 were prepared by the self-assembly of siRNAs with protamine-hyaluronic acid combination. Electron microscopy, DLS, and agarose gel electrophoresis were used for the physicochemical characterization. Cell transfection and gene-silencing efficiency were studied using human mesenchymal stem cells and rat C6 glioma-derived GSCs. Neurosphere inhibition was tested in vitro using GSCs derived from C6 cell line and glioma patient samples. Patient-derived xenograft model and orthotopic rat glioma model were used to test the effect of NPG on in vivo tumorigenicity. Results The siRNA nanoparticles with an average size ~ 250 nm and ~ 95% loading efficiency showed cellular uptake in ~95.5% GSCs. Simultaneous gene silencing of FAK, NOTCH-1, and SOX-2 led to the inhibition of neurosphere formation by GSCs, whereas normal stem cells remained unaffected and retained neuronal differentiation capability. GBM PDX models manifested significant impairment in the tumorigenic potential of NPG treated GSCs. Intracranial injection of NPG inhibited tumor growth in orthotopic rat brain tumor model. Conclusion Intracranially injectable n-siRNA NPG targeted to multiple stem-cell signaling impairs glioma initiation capabilities of GSCs and inhibited tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheripelil Abraham Manju
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Kottarapat Jeena
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Ranjith Ramachandran
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Maneesh Manohar
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Anna Mathew Ambily
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Krishnakumar Menon
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Keechilat Pavithran
- Department of Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Ashok Pillai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Shantikumar V Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Manzoor Koyakutty
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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5
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Herrera VLM, Walkey AJ, Nguyen MQ, Gromisch CM, Mosaddhegi JZ, Gromisch MS, Jundi B, Lukassen S, Carstensen S, Denis R, Belkina AC, Baron RM, Pinilla-Vera M, Muller M, Kimberly WT, Goldstein JN, Lehmann I, Shih AR, Ells R, Levy BD, Rulz-Opazo N. Increased Neutrophil-Subset Associated With Severity/Mortality In ARDS And COVID19-ARDS Expresses The Dual Endothelin-1/VEGFsignal-Peptide Receptor (DEspR): An Actionable Therapeutic Target. Res Sq 2021:rs.3.rs-846250. [PMID: 34545358 PMCID: PMC8452107 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-846250/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated secondary tissue injury underlies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and progression to multi-organ-failure (MOF) and death, processes linked to severe COVID19. This 'innocent bystander' tissue injury arises in dysregulated hyperinflammatory states from neutrophil functions and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) intended to kill pathogens, but injure cells instead, causing MOF. Insufficiency of prior therapeutic approaches suggest need to identify dysregulated neutrophil-subset(s) and induce subset-specific apoptosis critical for neutrophil function-shutdown and clearance. We hypothesized that neutrophils expressing the pro-survival dual endothelin-1/signal peptide receptor, DEspR, are apoptosis-resistant just like DEspR+ cancer cells, hence comprise a consequential pathogenic neutrophil-subset in ARDS and COVID19-ARDS. Here, we report correlation of circulating DEspR+CD11b+ activated neutrophils (DESpR+actNs) and NETosing-neutrophils with severity in ARDS and in COVID19-ARDS, increased DEspR+ neutrophils and monocytes in post-mortem ARDS-patient lung sections, and neutrophil DEspR/ET1 receptor/ligand autocrine loops in severe COVID19. Unlike DEspR[-] neutrophils, ARDS patient DEspR+actNs exhibit apoptosis-resistance, which decreased upon ex vivo treatment with humanized anti-DEspR-IgG4S228P antibody, hu6g8. Ex vivo live-cell imaging of non-human primate DEspR+actNs showed hu6g8 target-engagement, internalization, and induction of apoptosis. Altogether, data differentiate DEspR+actNs as a targetable neutrophil-subset associated with ARDS and COVID19-ARDS severity, and suggest DEspR-inhibition as a potential therapeutic paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bakr Jundi
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Soeren Lukassen
- Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meike Muller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine
| | | | | | - Irina Lehmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
| | - Angela R Shih
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Roland Ells
- Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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6
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Gromisch CM, Tan GLA, Pasion KA, Moran AM, Gromisch MS, Grinstaff MW, Carr FJ, Herrera VLM, Ruiz-Opazo N. Humanized anti-DEspR IgG4 S228P antibody increases overall survival in a pancreatic cancer stem cell-xenograft peritoneal carcinomatosis rat nu/nu model. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:407. [PMID: 33853558 PMCID: PMC8048286 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic peritoneal carcinomatosis (PPC), with the worst median overall-survival (mOS), epitomizes the incurability of metastatic cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) underpin this incurability. However, inhibitors of CSC-stemness fail to increase mOS in cancer patients despite preclinical tumor-reduction. This shortfall reinforces that preclinical efficacy should be defined by increased mOS in the presence of cancer comorbidities, CSC-heterogeneity and plasticity. The primary objectives of this study are: to test the dual endothelin-1/signal peptide receptor, DEspR, as a nodal therapeutic target in PPC, given DEspR induction in anoikis-resistant pancreatic CSCs, and to validate humanized anti-DEspR antibody, hu-6g8, as a potential therapeutic for PPC. METHODS We used heterogeneous pools of CSCs selected for anoikis resistance from reprogrammed Panc1 and MiaPaCa2 tumor cells (TCs), and adherent TCs reprogrammed from CSCs (cscTCs). We used multiple anti-DEspR blocking antibodies (mAbs) with different epitopes, and a humanized anti-DEspR recombinant mAb cross-reactive in rodents and humans, to test DEspR inhibition effects. We measured DEspR-inhibition efficacy on multiple prometastatic CSC-functions in vitro, and on tumorigenesis and overall survival in a CSC-derived xenograft (CDX) nude rat model of PPC with comorbidities. RESULTS Here we show that DEspR, a stress-survival receptor, is present on subsets of PDAC Panc1-TCs, TC-derived CSCs, and CSC-differentiated TCs (cscTCs), and that DESpR-inhibition decreases apoptosis-resistance and pro-metastatic mesenchymal functions of CSCs and cscTCs in vitro. We resolve the DNA-sequence/protein-function discordance by confirming ADAR1-RNA editing-dependent DEspR-protein expression in Panc1 and MiaPaCa2 TCs. To advance DEspR-inhibition as a nodal therapeutic approach for PPC, we developed and show improved functionality of a recombinant, humanized anti-DEspR IgG4S228P antibody, hu-6g8, over murine precursor anti-DEspR mabs. Hu-6g8 internalizes and translocates to the nucleus colocalized with cyto-nuclear shuttling galectins-1/3, and induces apoptotic cell changes. DEspR-inhibition blocks transperitoneal dissemination and progression to peritoneal carcinomatosis of heterogeneous DEspR±/CD133 ± Panc1-derived CSCs in xenografted nude rats, improving mOS without chemotherapy-like adverse effects. Lastly, we show DEspR expression in Stage II-IV primary and invasive TCs in the stroma in PDAC-patient tumor arrays. CONCLUSION Collectively, the data support humanized anti-DEspR hu-6g8 as a potential targeted antibody-therapeutic with promising efficacy, safety and prevalence profiles for PPC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin G/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin G/pharmacology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Immunophenotyping
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Peritoneal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary
- Rats
- Receptor, Endothelin A
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Gromisch
- Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Glaiza L A Tan
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Khristine Amber Pasion
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann-Marie Moran
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew S Gromisch
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Abtelum Biomedical, Inc., now NControl Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Francis J Carr
- Abtelum Biomedical, Inc., now NControl Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria L M Herrera
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Abtelum Biomedical, Inc., now NControl Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Abtelum Biomedical, Inc., now NControl Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Gromisch C, Qadan M, Machado MA, Liu K, Colson Y, Grinstaff MW. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Unconventional Approaches for an Unconventional Disease. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3179-3192. [PMID: 32220831 PMCID: PMC7755309 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights current treatments, limitations, and pitfalls in the management of pancreatic cancer and discusses current research in novel targets and drug development to overcome these clinical challenges. We begin with a review of the clinical landscape of pancreatic cancer, including genetic and environmental risk factors, as well as limitations in disease diagnosis and prevention. We next discuss current treatment paradigms for pancreatic cancer and the shortcomings of targeted therapy in this disease. Targeting major driver mutations in pancreatic cancer, such as dysregulation in the KRAS and TGFβ signaling pathways, have failed to improve survival outcomes compared with nontargeted chemotherapy; thus, we describe new advances in therapy such as Ras-binding pocket inhibitors. We then review next-generation approaches in nanomedicine and drug delivery, focusing on preclinical advancements in novel optical probes, antibodies, small-molecule agents, and nucleic acids to improve surgical outcomes in resectable disease, augment current therapies, expand druggable targets, and minimize morbidity. We conclude by summarizing progress in current research, identifying areas for future exploration in drug development and nanotechnology, and discussing future prospects for management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gromisch
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mariana Albuquerque Machado
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yolonda Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biomedical Engineering, and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
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8
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Annese T, Tamma R, Ruggieri S, Ribatti D. Angiogenesis in Pancreatic Cancer: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E381. [PMID: 30889903 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial event in tumor development and progression, occurring by different mechanisms and it is driven by pro- and anti-angiogenic molecules. Pancreatic cancer vascularization is characterized by a high microvascular density, impaired microvessel integrity and poor perfused vessels with heterogeneous distribution. In this review article, after a brief introduction on pancreatic cancer classification and on angiogenesis mechanisms involved in its progression, the pre-clinical and clinical trials conducted in pancreatic cancer treatment using anti-angiogenic inhibitors will be described. Finally, we will discuss the anti-angiogenic therapy paradox between the advantage to abolish vessel supply to block tumor growth and the disadvantage due to reduction of drug delivery at the same time. The purpose is to identify new anti-angiogenic molecules that may enhance treatment regimen.
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9
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Li M, Qian Z, Ma X, Lin X, You Y, Li Y, Chen T, Jiang H. MiR-628-5p decreases the tumorigenicity of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by targeting at FGFR2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:2085-2091. [PMID: 29229394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which are 19-24 nucleotides in length. MiRNAs play a vital role in the whole process of tumour development, but how they influence the tumourigenecity of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)cells is rarely researched. In our study, it was verified that miR-628-5p decreased the stem like cell percentage of EOC cells by inducing their apoptosis. The animal experiments showed that miR-628-5p decreased the tumourigenecity of EOC cells. Besides, we found miR-628-5p targeted at and down-regulated the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). FGFR2 expressed higher in ovarian cancer tissues and was correlated with worse prognosis. Our findings indicated that miR-628-5pplays an important role in ovarian cancer stem cell driven tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhimin Qian
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaolong Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanan You
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
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He J, Xiong L, Li Q, Lin L, Miao X, Yan S, Hong Z, Yang L, Wen Y, Deng X. 3D modeling of cancer stem cell niche. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1326-1345. [PMID: 29416698 PMCID: PMC5787442 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells reside in a distinct microenvironment called niche. The reciprocal interactions between cancer stem cells and niche contribute to the maintenance and enrichment of cancer stem cells. In order to simulate the interactions between cancer stem cells and niche, three-dimensional models have been developed. These in vitro culture systems recapitulate the spatial dimension, cellular heterogeneity, and the molecular networks of the tumor microenvironment and show great promise in elucidating the pathophysiology of cancer stem cells and designing more clinically relavant treatment modalites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liangwu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongying Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shichao Yan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Leping Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Normal University Medical College, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Andreucci E, Bianchini F, Biagioni A, Del Rosso M, Papucci L, Schiavone N, Magnelli L. Roles of different IRES-dependent FGF2 isoforms in the acquisition of the major aggressive features of human metastatic melanoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 95:97-108. [PMID: 27558498 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Fgf2 deregulation contributes to the acquisition of malignant features of melanoma and other cancers. FGF2 is an alternative translation product expressed as five isoforms, a low-molecular-weight (18 KDa) and four high-molecular-weight (22, 22.5, 24, 34 KDa) isoforms, with different subcellular distributions. An internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) in its mRNA controls the translation of all the isoforms with the exception for the cap-dependent 34 KDa. The 18-KDa isoform has been extensively studied, while very few is known about the roles of high molecular weight isoforms. FGF2 is known to promote melanoma development and progression. To disclose the differential contribution of FGF2 isoforms in melanoma, we forced the expression of IRES-dependent low-molecular-weight (LMW, 18 KDa) and high-molecular-weight (HMW, 22, 22.5, 24 KDa) isoforms in a human metastatic melanoma cell line. This comparative study highlights that, while LMW isoform confers stem-like features to melanoma cells and promotes angiogenesis, HMW isoforms induce higher migratory ability and contribute to tumor perfusion by promoting vasculogenic mimicry (VM) when endothelial cell-driven angiogenesis is lacking. To conclude, FGF2 isoforms mainly behave in specific, antithetical manners, but can cooperate in different steps of tumor progression, providing melanoma cells with major malignant features. KEY MESSAGE FGF2 is an alternative translation product expressed as different isoforms termed LMW and HMW. FGF2 is involved in melanoma development and progression. HMW FGF2 isoforms enhance in vitro motility of melanoma cells. LMW FGF2 confers stem-like features and increases in vivo metastasization. LMW FGF2 promotes angiogenesis while HMW FGF2 induces vasculogenic mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Nicola Schiavone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Lucia Magnelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
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12
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Herrera VLM, Steffen M, Moran AM, Tan GA, Pasion KA, Rivera K, Pappin DJ, Ruiz-Opazo N. Confirmation of translatability and functionality certifies the dual endothelin1/VEGFsp receptor (DEspR) protein. BMC Mol Biol 2016; 17:15. [PMID: 27301377 PMCID: PMC4906906 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-016-0066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In contrast to rat and mouse databases, the NCBI gene database lists the human dual-endothelin1/VEGFsp receptor (DEspR, formerly Dear) as a unitary transcribed pseudogene due to a stop [TGA]-codon at codon#14 in automated DNA and RNA sequences. However, re-analysis is needed given prior single gene studies detected a tryptophan [TGG]-codon#14 by manual Sanger sequencing, demonstrated DEspR translatability and functionality, and since the demonstration of actual non-translatability through expression studies, the standard-of-excellence for pseudogene designation, has not been performed. Re-analysis must meet UNIPROT criteria for demonstration of a protein’s existence at the highest (protein) level, which a priori, would override DNA- or RNA-based deductions. Methods To dissect the nucleotide sequence discrepancy, we performed Maxam–Gilbert sequencing and reviewed 727 RNA-seq entries. To comply with the highest level multiple UNIPROT criteria for determining DEspR’s existence, we performed various experiments using multiple anti-DEspR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting distinct DEspR epitopes with one spanning the contested tryptophan [TGG]-codon#14, assessing: (a) DEspR protein expression, (b) predicted full-length protein size, (c) sequence-predicted protein-specific properties beyond codon#14: receptor glycosylation and internalization, (d) protein-partner interactions, and (e) DEspR functionality via DEspR-inhibition effects. Results Maxam–Gilbert sequencing and some RNA-seq entries demonstrate two guanines, hence a tryptophan [TGG]-codon#14 within a compression site spanning an error-prone compression sequence motif. Western blot analysis using anti-DEspR mAbs targeting distinct DEspR epitopes detect the identical glycosylated 17.5 kDa pull-down protein. Decrease in DEspR-protein size after PNGase-F digest demonstrates post-translational glycosylation, concordant with the consensus-glycosylation site beyond codon#14. Like other small single-transmembrane proteins, mass spectrometry analysis of anti-DEspR mAb pull-down proteins do not detect DEspR, but detect DEspR-protein interactions with proteins implicated in intracellular trafficking and cancer. FACS analyses also detect DEspR-protein in different human cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). DEspR-inhibition studies identify DEspR-roles in CSC survival and growth. Live cell imaging detects fluorescently-labeled anti-DEspR mAb targeted-receptor internalization, concordant with the single internalization-recognition sequence also located beyond codon#14. Conclusions Data confirm translatability of DEspR, the full-length DEspR protein beyond codon#14, and elucidate DEspR-specific functionality. Along with detection of the tryptophan [TGG]-codon#14 within an error-prone compression site, cumulative data demonstrating DEspR protein existence fulfill multiple UNIPROT criteria, thus refuting its pseudogene designation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0066-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L M Herrera
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Martin Steffen
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Ann Marie Moran
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Glaiza A Tan
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Khristine A Pasion
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Keith Rivera
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Darryl J Pappin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Herrera VL, Colby AH, Tan GA, Moran AM, O'Brien MJ, Colson YL, Ruiz-Opazo N, Grinstaff MW. Evaluation of expansile nanoparticle tumor localization and efficacy in a cancer stem cell-derived model of pancreatic peritoneal carcinomatosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1001-15. [PMID: 27078118 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2015-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the tumor localization and efficacy pH-responsive expansile nanoparticles (eNPs) as a drug delivery system for pancreatic peritoneal carcinomatosis (PPC) modeled in nude rats. METHODS & MATERIALS A Panc-1-cancer stem cell xeno1graft model of PPC was validated in vitro and in vivo. Tumor localization was tracked via in situ imaging of fluorescent eNPs. Survival of animals treated with paclitaxel-loaded eNPs (PTX-eNPs) was evaluated in vivo. RESULTS The Panc-1-cancer stem cell xenograft model recapitulates significant features of PPC. Rhodamine-labeled eNPs demonstrate tumor-specific, dose- and time-dependent localization to macro- and microscopic tumors following intraperitoneal injection. PTX-eNPs are as effective as free PTX in treating established PPC; but, PTX-eNPs result in fewer side effects. CONCLUSION eNPs are a promising tool for the detection and treatment of PPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lm Herrera
- Department of Medicine & Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Aaron H Colby
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering & Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Glaiza Al Tan
- Department of Medicine & Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ann M Moran
- Department of Medicine & Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael J O'Brien
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yolonda L Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Department of Medicine & Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Medicine & Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering & Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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