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Babaliari E, Ranella A, Stratakis E. Microfluidic Systems for Neural Cell Studies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:902. [PMID: 37627787 PMCID: PMC10451731 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas the axons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) spontaneously regenerate after an injury, the occurring regeneration is rarely successful because axons are usually directed by inappropriate cues. Therefore, finding successful ways to guide neurite outgrowth, in vitro, is essential for neurogenesis. Microfluidic systems reflect more appropriately the in vivo environment of cells in tissues such as the normal fluid flow within the body, consistent nutrient delivery, effective waste removal, and mechanical stimulation due to fluid shear forces. At the same time, it has been well reported that topography affects neuronal outgrowth, orientation, and differentiation. In this review, we demonstrate how topography and microfluidic flow affect neuronal behavior, either separately or in synergy, and highlight the efficacy of microfluidic systems in promoting neuronal outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Babaliari
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Vasilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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2
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Hanna M, Sahito RGA, Rateb M, Kachiwal AB, Seddiek HA, Bhutto B, Hescheler J. Generation of transgene-free induced pluripotent stem cells from cardiac fibroblasts of goat embryos. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2020; 16:34-43. [PMID: 33414579 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1602007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold a great potential for therapeutic regenerative medicine. The aim of this study was to generate induced pluripotent stem cells from goat embryonic cardiac tissue derived fibroblasts. The isolated cardiac fibroblasts from the cardiac tissue of goat embryos were positive for alfa smooth muscle actin, vimentin and discoidin domain receptor2. From these cells, we generated transgene free iPSCs using piggyBac transposons / transposase using five transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf, Myc and Lin 28). The generated iPSCs were SSEA1, SSEA4 and Oct4 positive. They were cultured on neofeeders using 20% Serum replacement - IMDM with bFGF. They could form cystic and compact embryoid bodies that showed differentiated ectodermal and mesodermal like cells when cultured using 20% FBS-IMDM without bFGF. The iPSCs, generated in the frame of this approach were produced without the use of integrating virus and the reprogramming transgenes were removed at the end of the process. Though there were limitations in the approach used, a substantial sign of reprogramming was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hanna
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of physiology, Faculty of medicine (Kasr El-Aini) Cairo University, El-Maniel, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | | | - Moshira Rateb
- Department of physiology, Faculty of medicine (Kasr El-Aini) Cairo University, El-Maniel, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Allah Bux Kachiwal
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Hanan A Seddiek
- Department of physiology, Faculty of medicine (Kasr El-Aini) Cairo University, El-Maniel, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Bachal Bhutto
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Expression and localization of CB1R, NAPE-PLD, and FAAH in the vervet monkey nucleus accumbens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8689. [PMID: 29875385 PMCID: PMC5989267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive rodent literature suggests that the endocannabinoid (eCB) system present in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) modulates dopamine (DA) release in this area. However, expression patterns of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), the synthesizing enzyme N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), and the degradation enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in the NAc have not yet been described in non-human primates. The goal of this study is therefore to characterize the expression and localization of the eCB system within the NAc of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) using Western blots and immunohistochemistry. Results show that CB1R, NAPE-PLD, and FAAH are expressed across the NAc rostrocaudal axis, both in the core and shell. CB1R, NAPE-PLD, and FAAH are localized in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons (FSIs). Dopaminergic projections and astrocytes did not express CB1R, NAPE-PLD, or FAAH. These data show that the eCB system is present in the vervet monkey NAc and supports its role in the primate brain reward circuit.
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Hiragi T, Andoh M, Araki T, Shirakawa T, Ono T, Koyama R, Ikegaya Y. Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (hiPSC)-Derived Neurons in Mouse Hippocampal Slice Cultures. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:143. [PMID: 28567004 PMCID: PMC5434115 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potential clinical applications of neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-neurons) for drug screening and transplantation therapies have received considerable attention. However, it remains unclear whether and how transplanted hiPSC-neurons are incorporated into pre-existing neural circuits. Here we developed a co-culture system of hiPSC-neurons and mouse hippocampal slices to examine the differentiation of hiPSC-neurons in pre-existing neural circuits. hiPSC-neurons transplanted in mouse hippocampal slices expressed the hippocampal neuron-specific markers HuB and Prox1 after 7 days of culture, while those markers were scarcely expressed in hiPSC-neurons cultured on glass dishes. Furthermore, hiPSC-neurons transplanted in the dentate gyrus (DG) of slice cultures grew to exhibit dentate granule cell-like morphologies, including besom-shaped dendrites. Similarly, hiPSC-neurons transplanted in the CA1 region of slice cultures grew to exhibit CA1 pyramidal cell-like morphologies, including primary apical and multiple basal dendrites with synaptic spines. Additionally, these cells projected axons toward the entorhinal cortex (EC) as observed in vivo. These data suggest that hiPSC-neurons were anatomically integrated into pre-existing neural circuits in a region-specific manner. Thus, the co-culture system will be useful for the study of efficient strategies to differentiate transplanted hiPSC-neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Hiragi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Andoh
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Araki
- Advanced Drug Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma CorporationYokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shirakawa
- Advanced Drug Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma CorporationYokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Advanced Drug Research Laboratories, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma CorporationYokohama, Japan
| | - Ryuta Koyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
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Yamashita T, Miyamoto Y, Bando Y, Ono T, Kobayashi S, Doi A, Araki T, Kato Y, Shirakawa T, Suzuki Y, Yamauchi J, Yoshida S, Sato N. Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from dissociated monolayer and feeder-free cultured pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171947. [PMID: 28192470 PMCID: PMC5305255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons and form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system. The development of therapies for demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis and leukodystrophies, is a challenge because the pathogenic mechanisms of disease remain poorly understood. Primate pluripotent stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes are expected to help elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases. Oligodendrocytes have been successfully differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells. However, it is challenging to prepare large amounts of oligodendrocytes over a short amount of time because of manipulation difficulties under conventional primate pluripotent stem cell culture methods. We developed a proprietary dissociated monolayer and feeder-free culture system to handle pluripotent stem cell cultures. Because the dissociated monolayer and feeder-free culture system improves the quality and growth of primate pluripotent stem cells, these cells could potentially be differentiated into any desired functional cells and consistently cultured in large-scale conditions. In the current study, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes were generated within three months from monkey embryonic stem cells. The embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocytes exhibited in vitro myelinogenic potency with rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Additionally, the transplanted oligodendrocyte progenitor cells differentiated into myelin basic protein-positive mature oligodendrocytes in the mouse corpus callosum. This preparative method was used for human induced pluripotent stem cells, which were also successfully differentiated into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes that were capable of myelinating rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Moreover, it was possible to freeze, thaw, and successfully re-culture the differentiating cells. These results showed that embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells maintained in a dissociated monolayer and feeder-free culture system have the potential to generate oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes in vitro and in vivo. This culture method could be applied to prepare large amounts of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes in a relatively short amount of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yamashita
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Bando
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sakurako Kobayashi
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayano Doi
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Araki
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kato
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shirakawa
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Yoshida
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoya Sato
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- MP Healthcare Venture Management, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Thoma EC, Heckel T, Keller D, Giroud N, Leonard B, Christensen K, Roth A, Bertinetti-Lapatki C, Graf M, Patsch C. Establishment of a translational endothelial cell model using directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells from Cynomolgus monkey. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35830. [PMID: 27779219 PMCID: PMC5078800 DOI: 10.1038/srep35830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their broad differentiation potential, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a promising approach for generating relevant cellular models for various applications. While human PSC-based cellular models are already advanced, similar systems for non-human primates (NHPs) are still lacking. However, as NHPs are the most appropriate animals for evaluating the safety of many novel pharmaceuticals, the availability of in vitro systems would be extremely useful to bridge the gap between cellular and animal models. Here, we present a NHP in vitro endothelial cell system using induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) from Cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Based on an adapted protocol for human IPSCs, we directly differentiated macaque IPSCs into endothelial cells under chemically defined conditions. The resulting endothelial cells can be enriched using immuno-magnetic cell sorting and display endothelial marker expression and function. RNA sequencing revealed that the differentiation process closely resembled vasculogenesis. Moreover, we showed that endothelial cells derived from macaque and human IPSCs are highly similar with respect to gene expression patterns and key endothelial functions, such as inflammatory responses. These data demonstrate the power of IPSC differentiation technology to generate defined cell types for use as translational in vitro models to compare cell type-specific responses across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Thoma
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Heckel
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Keller
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Giroud
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brian Leonard
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Christensen
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Roth
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Bertinetti-Lapatki
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Graf
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Patsch
- Roche pRED (Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development), Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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Super A, Jaccard N, Cardoso Marques MP, Macown RJ, Griffin LD, Veraitch FS, Szita N. Real-time monitoring of specific oxygen uptake rates of embryonic stem cells in a microfluidic cell culture device. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1179-89. [PMID: 27214658 PMCID: PMC5103178 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen plays a key role in stem cell biology as a signaling molecule and as an indicator of cell energy metabolism. Quantification of cellular oxygen kinetics, i.e. the determination of specific oxygen uptake rates (sOURs), is routinely used to understand metabolic shifts. However current methods to determine sOUR in adherent cell cultures rely on cell sampling, which impacts on cellular phenotype. We present real‐time monitoring of cell growth from phase contrast microscopy images, and of respiration using optical sensors for dissolved oxygen. Time‐course data for bulk and peri‐cellular oxygen concentrations obtained for Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and mouse embryonic stem cell (mESCs) cultures successfully demonstrated this non‐invasive and label‐free approach. Additionally, we confirmed non‐invasive detection of cellular responses to rapidly changing culture conditions by exposing the cells to mitochondrial inhibiting and uncoupling agents. For the CHO and mESCs, sOUR values between 8 and 60 amol cell−1 s−1, and 5 and 35 amol cell−1 s−1 were obtained, respectively. These values compare favorably with literature data. The capability to monitor oxygen tensions, cell growth, and sOUR, of adherent stem cell cultures, non‐invasively and in real time, will be of significant benefit for future studies in stem cell biology and stem cell‐based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Super
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Jaccard
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Mathematics and Physics in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rhys Jarred Macown
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis Donald Griffin
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Farlan Singh Veraitch
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Szita
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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