1
|
Bedford JA, Carine M, Chapman MA. Detection of locally adapted genomic regions in wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) using environmental association analysis. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad194. [PMID: 37619981 PMCID: PMC10542315 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Oryza rufipogon is the wild progenitor of cultivated rice Oryza sativa and exhibits high levels of genetic diversity across its distribution, making it a useful resource for the identification of abiotic stress-tolerant varieties and genes that could limit future climate-changed-induced yield losses. To investigate local adaptation in O. rufipogon, we analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from a panel of 286 samples located across a diverse range of climates. Environmental association analysis (EAA), a genome-wide association study (GWAS)-based method, was used and revealed 15 regions of the genome significantly associated with various climate factors. Genes within these environmentally associated regions have putative functions in abiotic stress response, phytohormone signaling, and the control of flowering time. This provides an insight into potential local adaptation in O. rufipogon and reveals possible locally adaptive genes that may provide opportunities for breeding novel rice varieties with climate change-resilient phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A Bedford
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Mark Carine
- Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eshel G, Duppen N, Wang G, Oh D, Kazachkova Y, Herzyk P, Amtmann A, Gordon M, Chalifa‐Caspi V, Oscar MA, Bar‐David S, Marshall‐Colon A, Dassanayake M, Barak S. Positive selection and heat-response transcriptomes reveal adaptive features of the Brassicaceae desert model, Anastatica hierochuntica. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1006-1026. [PMID: 35909295 PMCID: PMC9804903 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant adaptation to a desert environment and its endemic heat stress is poorly understood at the molecular level. The naturally heat-tolerant Brassicaceae species Anastatica hierochuntica is an ideal extremophyte model to identify genetic adaptations that have evolved to allow plants to tolerate heat stress and thrive in deserts. We generated an A. hierochuntica reference transcriptome and identified extremophyte adaptations by comparing Arabidopsis thaliana and A. hierochuntica transcriptome responses to heat, and detecting positively selected genes in A. hierochuntica. The two species exhibit similar transcriptome adjustment in response to heat and the A. hierochuntica transcriptome does not exist in a constitutive heat 'stress-ready' state. Furthermore, the A. hierochuntica global transcriptome as well as heat-responsive orthologs, display a lower basal and higher heat-induced expression than in A. thaliana. Genes positively selected in multiple extremophytes are associated with stomatal opening, nutrient acquisition, and UV-B induced DNA repair while those unique to A. hierochuntica are consistent with its photoperiod-insensitive, early-flowering phenotype. We suggest that evolution of a flexible transcriptome confers the ability to quickly react to extreme diurnal temperature fluctuations characteristic of a desert environment while positive selection of genes involved in stress tolerance and early flowering could facilitate an opportunistic desert lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Eshel
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Nick Duppen
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Dong‐Ha Oh
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Yana Kazachkova
- Albert Katz International School for Desert StudiesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Pawel Herzyk
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Anna Amtmann
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Michal Gordon
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva8410501Israel
| | - Vered Chalifa‐Caspi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the NegevBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐Sheva8410501Israel
| | - Michelle Arland Oscar
- Blaustein Center for Scientific CooperationBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Shirli Bar‐David
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Amy Marshall‐Colon
- Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL61801USA
| | - Maheshi Dassanayake
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA
| | - Simon Barak
- French Associates' Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSde Boqer CampusMidreshet Ben‐Gurion8499000Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stevens CJ, Crema ER, Shoda S. The importance of wild resources as a reflection of the resilience and changing nature of early agricultural systems in East Asia and Europe. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1017909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the changing importance of wild starch rich plant staples, predominantly tree nuts, in early agricultural societies in East Asia and Europe, focusing on Korea, Japan, and Britain. A comparative review highlights variations in the importance of wild plant staples compared to domesticated crops. The Korean Middle to Late Chulmun periods (c. 3,500–1,500 BC) was characterized by a high reliance on nuts alongside millet. This declines with the transition to rice agriculture, but remains significant during the Mumun period (c. 1,500–300 BC). In Japan, the arrival of rice and millets in the Yayoi Period (c. 1,000 BC−250 AD) saw continued evidence for high levels of reliance on wild resources, which declines only in the Kofun and early historical periods. In Early Neolithic Britain (c. 4,000–3,300 BC) cereal agriculture is accompanied by high evidence for wild plant foods. But during the Middle to Late Neolithic (3,300–c. 2,400/2,200 BC) cereals were abandoned on the mainland with hazelnuts becoming a prominent plant staple. Agriculture returned in the second half of the 3rd millennium BC, followed by a strong decline in wild plant food use during the Middle to Late Bronze Age (1,700–700 BC). Such patterns have previously been attributed to the slow adoption of farming by indigenous peoples, with a continued reliance on wild resources. In light of evidence demonstrating that the dispersal of agriculture was largely driven by a mixture of demic-diffusion and introgression of hunter-gatherers into agricultural groups, a reinterpretation of the role of wild foods is needed. It is argued that the relative importance of wild plant staples provides an indicator of the stability and dependability of agricultural and social systems. A heavy reliance on wild foods in early agricultural societies is tied to the slow adaptation of domesticated crops to new environments, where agricultural and social landscapes are yet to be firmly established, and social systems that could mitigate for poor harvests and storage were often absent. The retained lengthy persistence of wild plant staples in East Asian subsistence systems compared to the British Isles likely reflects differences in the ecological and labor demands for rice compared to Western Asiatic cereals.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou J, Yang Y, Lv Y, Pu Q, Li J, Zhang Y, Deng X, Wang M, Wang J, Tao D. Interspecific Hybridization Is an Important Driving Force for Origin and Diversification of Asian Cultivated Rice Oryza sativa L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:932737. [PMID: 35845644 PMCID: PMC9280345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important crops, Asian cultivated rice has evolved into a complex group including several subgroups adapting various eco-climate-systems around the globe. Here, we pictured a comprehensive view of its original domestication, divergences, and the origin of different subgroups by integrating agriculture, archeology, genetics, nuclear, and cytoplasm genome results. Then, it was highlighted that interspecific hybridization-introgression has played important role in improving the genetic diversity and adaptation of Oryza sativa during its evolution process. Natural hybridization-introgression led to the origin of indica, aus, and basmatic subgroups, which adapted to changing cultivated environments, and produced feral weedy rice coexisting and competing with cultivars under production management. Artificial interspecific hybridization-introgression gained several breakthroughs in rice breeding, such as developing three-line hybrid rice, new rice for Africa (NERICA), and some important pest and disease resistance genes in rice genetic improvement, contributing to the stable increase of rice production to meet the expanding human population. We proposed a series to exploit the virtues of hybridization-introgression in the genetic improvement of Asian cultivated rice. But some key issues such as reproductive barriers especially hybrid sterility should be investigated further, which are conducive to gene exchange between cultivated rice and its relatives, and even is beneficial to exploiting interspecific hybrid vigor. New technologies help introduce favorable genes from distant wild species to Asian cultivated rice, such as transgenic and genome editing systems. Rising introgression lines in a wider range with multi-donor benefits allele mining, understanding genetic network of rice growth and development, yield formation, and environmental adaptation. Then, integration of new tools and interspecific hybridization can be a future direction to develop more usable breeding populations which can make Asian cultivated rice more resilient to the changing climate and world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuhong Pu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xianneng Deng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Min Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Institute of Plant Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- Institute of Plant Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiong J, Du P, Chen G, Tao Y, Zhou B, Yang Y, Wang H, Yu Y, Chang X, Allen E, Sun C, Zhou J, Zou Y, Xu Y, Meng H, Tan J, Li H, Wen S. Sex-Biased Population Admixture Mediated Subsistence Strategy Transition of Heishuiguo People in Han Dynasty Hexi Corridor. Front Genet 2022; 13:827277. [PMID: 35356424 PMCID: PMC8960071 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.827277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hexi Corridor was an important arena for culture exchange and human migration between ancient China and Central and Western Asia. During the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE), subsistence strategy along the corridor shifted from pastoralism to a mixed pastoralist-agriculturalist economy. Yet the drivers of this transition remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyze the Y-chromosome and mtDNA of 31 Han Dynasty individuals from the Heishuiguo site, located in the center of the Hexi Corridor. A high-resolution analysis of 485 Y-SNPs and mitogenomes was performed, with the Heishuiguo population classified into Early Han and Late Han groups. It is revealed that (1) when dissecting genetic lineages, the Yellow River Basin origin haplogroups (i.e., Oα-M117, Oβ-F46, Oγ-IMS-JST002611, and O2-P164+, M134-) reached relatively high frequencies for the paternal gene pools, while haplogroups of north East Asian origin (e.g., D4 and D5) dominated on the maternal side; (2) in interpopulation comparison using PCA and Fst heatmap, the Heishuiguo population shifted from Southern-Northern Han cline to Northern-Northwestern Han/Hui cline with time, indicating genetic admixture between Yellow River immigrants and natives. By comparison, in maternal mtDNA views, the Heishuiguo population was closely clustered with certain Mongolic-speaking and Northwestern Han populations and exhibited genetic continuity through the Han Dynasty, which suggests that Heishuiguo females originated from local or neighboring regions. Therefore, a sex-biased admixture pattern is observed in the Heishuiguo population. Additionally, genetic contour maps also reveal the same male-dominated migration from the East to Hexi Corridor during the Han Dynasty. This is also consistent with historical records, especially excavated bamboo slips. Combining historical records, archeological findings, stable isotope analysis, and paleoenvironmental studies, our uniparental genetic investigation on the Heishuiguo population reveals how male-dominated migration accompanied with lifestyle adjustments brought by these eastern groups may be the main factor affecting the subsistence strategy transition along the Han Dynasty Hexi Corridor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxue Xiong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Panxin Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoke Chen
- Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yichen Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boyan Zhou
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yishi Yang
- Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations (BRAAC), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Edward Allen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yetao Zou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingze Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingze Tan, ; Hui Li, ; Shaoqing Wen,
| | - Hui Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingze Tan, ; Hui Li, ; Shaoqing Wen,
| | - Shaoqing Wen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations (BRAAC), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingze Tan, ; Hui Li, ; Shaoqing Wen,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Zhu X, Hu Y, Zhou Z, Olsen JW, Guan Y. Ancient Starch Remains Reveal the Vegetal Diet of the Neolithic Late Dawenkou Culture in Jiangsu, East China. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.722103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Liangwangcheng site, located in Pizhou County, Xuzhou City, northern Jiangsu Province, is one of the most important Neolithic Dawenkou Culture archeological sites in the Haidai area of China’s eastern seaboard. In recent years, archaeobotanical studies in the Haidai area, mainly focusing on Shandong Province, have yielded fruitful results, while relatively few such studies have been undertaken in northern Jiangsu Province. Here, we report the results of dental residue analysis conducted on 31 individual human skulls unearthed from the Late Dawenkou Culture Liangwangcheng site. The starch granules extracted from these residue samples indicate that foxtail and broomcorn millet, rice, roots and tubers, and legumes comprised the vegetal diet of Liangwangcheng’s occupants. Evidence suggests that mixed rice–millet agriculture played a definite role, with the coexistence of gathering as an economic element. According to archaeobotanical evidence from surrounding cotemporaneous sites, the Late Neolithic human groups that lived in the lower Huang-Huai River drainage shared similar subsistence patterns. Our results provide new evidence for a more comprehensive understanding of plant resource utilization and agricultural development in northern Jiangsu during the Dawenkou period.
Collapse
|
7
|
Castano-Duque L, Ghosal S, Quilloy FA, Mitchell-Olds T, Dixit S. An epigenetic pathway in rice connects genetic variation to anaerobic germination and seedling establishment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1042-1059. [PMID: 33638990 PMCID: PMC8195528 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice production is shifting from transplanting seedlings to direct sowing of seeds. Following heavy rains, directly sown seeds may need to germinate under anaerobic environments, but most rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes cannot survive these conditions. To identify the genetic architecture of complex traits, we quantified percentage anaerobic germination (AG) in 2,700 (wet-season) and 1,500 (dry-season) sequenced rice genotypes and performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 693,502 single nucleotide polymorphisms. This was followed by post-GWAS analysis with a generalized SNP-to-gene set analysis, meta-analysis, and network analysis. We determined that percentage AG is intermediate-to-high among indica subpopulations, and AG is a polygenic trait associated with transcription factors linked to ethylene responses or genes involved in metabolic processes that are known to be associated with AG. Our post-GWAS analysis identified several genes involved in a wide variety of metabolic processes. We subsequently performed functional analysis focused on the small RNA and methylation pathways. We selected CLASSY 1 (CLSY1), a gene involved in the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDm) pathway, for further analyses under AG and found several lines of evidence that CLSY1 influences AG. We propose that the RdDm pathway plays a role in rice responses to water status during germination and seedling establishment developmental stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharmistha Ghosal
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute. Pili Drive, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | - Fergie A Quilloy
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute. Pili Drive, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| | | | - Shalabh Dixit
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute. Pili Drive, Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
OKAZAKI KENJI, TAKAMUKU HIROFUMI, KAWAKUBO YOSHINORI, HUDSON MARK, CHEN JIE. Cranial morphometric analysis of early wet-rice farmers in the Yangtze River Delta of China. ANTHROPOL SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1537/ase.210325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KENJI OKAZAKI
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago
| | | | - YOSHINORI KAWAKUBO
- Department of Anatomy and Biological Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga
| | - MARK HUDSON
- Archaeolinguistic Research Group, Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena
| | - JIE CHEN
- Department of Archaeology, Shanghai Museum, Shanghai
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gutaker RM, Groen SC, Bellis ES, Choi JY, Pires IS, Bocinsky RK, Slayton ER, Wilkins O, Castillo CC, Negrão S, Oliveira MM, Fuller DQ, Guedes JAD, Lasky JR, Purugganan MD. Genomic history and ecology of the geographic spread of rice. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:492-502. [PMID: 32415291 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the world's most important food crops, and is comprised largely of japonica and indica subspecies. Here, we reconstruct the history of rice dispersal in Asia using whole-genome sequences of more than 1,400 landraces, coupled with geographic, environmental, archaeobotanical and paleoclimate data. Originating around 9,000 yr ago in the Yangtze Valley, rice diversified into temperate and tropical japonica rice during a global cooling event about 4,200 yr ago. Soon after, tropical japonica rice reached Southeast Asia, where it rapidly diversified, starting about 2,500 yr BP. The history of indica rice dispersal appears more complicated, moving into China around 2,000 yr BP. We also identify extrinsic factors that influence genome diversity, with temperature being a leading abiotic factor. Reconstructing the dispersal history of rice and its climatic correlates may help identify genetic adaptations associated with the spread of a key domesticated species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal M Gutaker
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon C Groen
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily S Bellis
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jae Y Choi
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inês S Pires
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Emma R Slayton
- Carnegie Mellon University Libraries, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olivia Wilkins
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cristina C Castillo
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Cultural Heritage, North-West University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sónia Negrão
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Margarida Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dorian Q Fuller
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Cultural Heritage, North-West University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jade A d'Alpoim Guedes
- Department of Anthropology and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jesse R Lasky
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Michael D Purugganan
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miller MJ, Dong Y, Pechenkina K, Fan W, Halcrow SE. Raising girls and boys in early China: Stable isotope data reveal sex differences in weaning and childhood diets during the eastern Zhou era. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2020; 172:567-585. [PMID: 32141612 PMCID: PMC7496748 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Using stable isotope analysis of incremental dentin segments, we reconstruct breastfeeding, weaning, and childhood dietary patterns of Eastern Zhou period (771–221 BC) individuals from the Central Plains of China. Previous isotopic research on the Eastern Zhou demonstrated dietary difference between male and female diets in adulthood via bone collagen analysis. To understand the development of gendered dietary patterns we must examine the early life period. We aim to identify the timing of the weaning process, whether childhood diets were the same as adulthood diets, and if there were differences between the diets of boys and girls during childhood. Materials and Methods We present incremental dentin and bone collagen δ13C and δ15N isotope data from 23 individuals from two Eastern Zhou archaeological sites (Xiyasi 西亚斯and Changxinyuan 畅馨苑). Results Weaning was completed between ages 2.5 and 4 years. Females were weaned slightly earlier than males. Early childhood diets show significant incorporation of C3 foods, such as wheat and soybean, for almost all children, while later adulthood diets indicate greater incorporation of C4 foods (millets), particularly for males. Discussion Childhood diets included greater amounts of C3 foods than expected, suggesting that grains such as wheat may have been adopted in these communities as foods for children. Nevertheless, dietary differentiation between females and males began in childhood, with boys eating more millets (C4 foods) than girls. The findings suggest that feeding children was a significant aspect of socialization and cultural gendering of individuals in ancient China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Miller
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Archaeological Research Facility, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yu Dong
- Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kate Pechenkina
- Department of Anthropology, Queens College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Wenquan Fan
- Research Division of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siân E Halcrow
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shelach-Lavi G, Teng M, Goldsmith Y, Wachtel I, Stevens CJ, Marder O, Wan X, Wu X, Tu D, Shavit R, Polissar P, Xu H, Fuller DQ. Sedentism and plant cultivation in northeast China emerged during affluent conditions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218751. [PMID: 31318871 PMCID: PMC6638895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reasons and processes that led hunter-gatherers to transition into a sedentary and agricultural way of life are a fundamental unresolved question of human history. Here we present results of excavations of two single-occupation early Neolithic sites (dated to 7.9 and 7.4 ka) and two high-resolution archaeological surveys in northeast China, which capture the earliest stages of sedentism and millet cultivation in the second oldest center of domestication in the Old World. The transition to sedentism coincided with a significant transition to wetter conditions in north China, at 8.1-7.9 ka. We suggest that these wetter conditions were an empirical precondition that facilitated the complex transitional process to sedentism and eventually millet domestication in north China. Interestingly, sedentism and plant domestication followed different trajectories. The sedentary way of life and cultural norms evolved rapidly, within a few hundred years, we find complex sedentary villages inhabiting the landscape. However, the process of plant domestication, progressed slowly over several millennia. Our earliest evidence for the beginning of the domestication process appear in the context of an already complex sedentary village (late Xinglongwa culture), a half millennia after the onset of cultivation, and even in this phase domesticated plants and animals were rare, suggesting that the transition to domesticated (sensu stricto) plants in affluent areas might have not played a substantial role in the transition to sedentary societies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Shelach-Lavi
- Department of Asian Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Center for Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (GS); (YG)
| | - Mingyu Teng
- Center for Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonaton Goldsmith
- Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
- Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail: (GS); (YG)
| | - Ido Wachtel
- Department of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chris J. Stevens
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, England
| | - Ofer Marder
- Department of Bible Studies, Archeology and the Ancient Near East, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Xiongfei Wan
- Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics, Liaoning Province, Shanyang, China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Tu
- Department of Asian Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roi Shavit
- Department of Bible Studies, Archeology and the Ancient Near East, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Pratigya Polissar
- Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY, United States of America
| | - Hai Xu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dorian Q. Fuller
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, England
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sagart L, Hsu TF, Tsai YC, Wu CC, Huang LT, Chen YC, Chen YF, Tseng YC, Lin HY, Hsing YIC. A northern Chinese origin of Austronesian agriculture: new evidence on traditional Formosan cereals. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:57. [PMID: 30306280 PMCID: PMC6179969 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic data for traditional Taiwanese (Formosan) agriculture is essential for tracing the origins on the East Asian mainland of the Austronesian language family, whose homeland is generally placed in Taiwan. Three main models for the origins of the Taiwanese Neolithic have been proposed: origins in coastal north China (Shandong); in coastal central China (Yangtze Valley), and in coastal south China. A combination of linguistic and agricultural evidence helps resolve this controversial issue. RESULTS We report on botanically informed linguistic fieldwork of the agricultural vocabulary of Formosan aborigines, which converges with earlier findings in archaeology, genetics and historical linguistics to assign a lesser role for rice than was earlier thought, and a more important one for the millets. We next present the results of an investigation of domestication genes in a collection of traditional rice landraces maintained by the Formosan aborigines over a hundred years ago. The genes controlling awn length, shattering, caryopsis color, plant and panicle shapes contain the same mutated sequences as modern rice varieties everywhere else in the world, arguing against an independent domestication in south China or Taiwan. Early and traditional Formosan agriculture was based on foxtail millet, broomcorn millet and rice. We trace this suite of cereals to northeastern China in the period 6000-5000 BCE and argue, following earlier proposals, that the precursors of the Austronesians, expanded south along the coast from Shandong after c. 5000 BCE to reach northwest Taiwan in the second half of the 4th millennium BCE. This expansion introduced to Taiwan a mixed farming, fishing and intertidal foraging subsistence strategy; domesticated foxtail millet, broomcorn millet and japonica rice; a belief in the sacredness of foxtail millet; ritual ablation of the upper incisors in adolescents of both sexes; domesticated dogs; and a technological package including inter alia houses, nautical technology, and loom weaving. CONCLUSION We suggest that the pre-Austronesians expanded south along the coast from that region after c. 5000 BCE to reach northwest Taiwan in the second half of the 4th millennium BCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Sagart
- Centre de Recherches Linguistiques sur l’Asie Orientale/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INaLCO, 2 rue de Lille, 75007 Paris, France
| | - Tze-Fu Hsu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Tsai
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 600 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Wu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| | - Lin-Tzu Huang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Taiwan International Cooperation and Development Fund, Taipei, 111 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chen
- Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Nantou, 540 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Tseng
- Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 600 Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ying Lin
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1085 USA
| | - Yue-ie Caroline Hsing
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115 Taiwan
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gillreath-Brown A, Bocinsky RK. A Dialogue Between Empirical and Model-Based Agricultural Studies in Archaeology. J ETHNOBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-37.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
14
|
d'Alpoim Guedes JA, Crabtree SA, Bocinsky RK, Kohler TA. Twenty-first century approaches to ancient problems: Climate and society. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:14483-14491. [PMID: 27956613 PMCID: PMC5187725 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616188113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
By documenting how humans adapted to changes in their environment that are often much greater than those experienced in the instrumental record, archaeology provides our only deep-time laboratory for highlighting the circumstances under which humans managed or failed to find to adaptive solutions to changing climate, not just over a few generations but over the longue durée Patterning between climate-mediated environmental change and change in human societies has, however, been murky because of low spatial and temporal resolution in available datasets, and because of failure to model the effects of climate change on local resources important to human societies. In this paper we review recent advances in computational modeling that, in conjunction with improving data, address these limitations. These advances include network analysis, niche and species distribution modeling, and agent-based modeling. These studies demonstrate the utility of deep-time modeling for calibrating our understanding of how climate is influencing societies today and may in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefani A Crabtree
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163
- Université de Franche-Comté, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement C. N. Ledoux (MSHE), 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - R Kyle Bocinsky
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163
- Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, CO 81321
| | - Timothy A Kohler
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163
- Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, CO 81321
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma Y, Fuller BT, Sun W, Hu S, Chen L, Hu Y, Richards MP. Tracing the locality of prisoners and workers at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang: First Emperor of China (259-210 BC). Sci Rep 2016; 6:26731. [PMID: 27253909 PMCID: PMC4890548 DOI: 10.1038/srep26731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mausoleum complex of the First Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang (259-210 BC), is one of the most famous and important archaeological sites in China, yet questions remain as to how it was constructed and by whom. Here we present isotopic results of individuals from the Liyi (n = 146) and Shanren sites (n = 14), both associated with the mausoleum complex. Those buried at Liyi represent the local workers/inhabitants of the Qin population, and the δ(13)C (-8.7 ± 1.5%) and δ(15)N (10.3 ± 0.7%) values indicate that they consumed predominately millet and/or domestic animals fed millet. In contrast, the Shanren individuals were prisoners forced to construct the mausoleum (found buried haphazardly in a mass grave and some in iron leg shackles), and their δ(13)C (-15.4 ± 2.9%) and δ(15)N (8.0 ± 0.6%) results indicate a more mixed C3/C4 diet, with possibly less domestic animals and more wild game protein consumed. This pattern of decreased millet consumption is also characteristic of archaeological sites from southern China, and possible evidence the Shanren prisoners originated from this region (possibly the ancient Chu state located in modern day Hubei Province and parts of Hunan and Anhui Provinces). Further, this finding is in agreement with historical sources and is supported by previous ancient DNA evidence that the mausoleum workers had diverse origins, with many genetically related to southern Chinese groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 6 Deutcher Platz, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benjamin T. Fuller
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weigang Sun
- Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Culture Relics and Archaeology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Songmei Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Culture Relics and Archaeology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute of Archaeology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yaowu Hu
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Michael P. Richards
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 6 Deutcher Platz, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5W 1S6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prasanth VV, Basava KR, Babu MS, V.G.N. VT, Devi SJSR, Mangrauthia SK, Voleti SR, Sarla N. Field level evaluation of rice introgression lines for heat tolerance and validation of markers linked to spikelet fertility. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 22:179-92. [PMID: 27436910 PMCID: PMC4938818 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-016-0350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice lines derived from wild species and mutants can serve as a good resource for favorable alleles for heat tolerance. In all, 48 stable lines including 17 KMR3/O. rufipogon introgression lines (KMR3 ILs), 15 Swarna/O. nivara ILs (Swarna ILs) along with their parents, Nagina 22 (N22) and its 4 EMS induced mutants and 7 varieties were evaluated for heat tolerance under irrigated conditions under field in two seasons, wet season 2012 using poly cover house method and dry season 2013 using late sown method. Spikelet fertility (SF), yield per plant (YP) and heat susceptibility index (HSI) for these two traits were considered as criteria to assess heat tolerance compared to control. Four KMR3 ILs and eight Swarna ILs were identified as heat tolerant based on SF and YP and their HSIs in both wet and dry seasons. S-65 and S-70 showed low SF and high YP consistently in response to heat in both seasons. We provide evidence that SF alone may not be the best criterion to assess heat tolerance and including YP is important as lines with low SF but high YP and vice versa were identified under heat stress. Out of 49 SSR markers linked to spikelet fertility, 18 were validated for five traits. RM229 in wet season and RM430 and RM210 in dry season were significantly associated with both SF and its HSI under heat stress. RM430 was also significantly associated with both YP and its HSI in dry season. Thirty two candidate genes were identified close to nine markers associated with traits under heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. Vishnu Prasanth
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - Kumari Ramana Basava
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - M. Suchandranath Babu
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - Venkata Tripura V.G.N.
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - S. J. S. Rama Devi
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - S. K. Mangrauthia
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - S. R. Voleti
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| | - N. Sarla
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Rice Research (Directorate of Rice Research), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030 India
| |
Collapse
|