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Shen Y, Lotenberg K, Zaworski J, Broeker KAE, Vasseur F, Louedec L, Placier S, Frère P, Verpont MC, Galichon P, Buob D, Hadchouel J, Terzi F, Chatziantoniou C, Calmont A. Neuropilin-1 regulates renin synthesis in juxtaglomerular cells. J Physiol 2024; 602:1815-1833. [PMID: 38381008 DOI: 10.1113/jp285422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Renin is the key enzyme of the systemic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which plays an essential role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining electrolyte and extracellular volume homeostasis. Renin is mainly produced and secreted by specialized juxtaglomerular (JG) cells in the kidney. In the present study, we report for the first time that the conserved transmembrane receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP1) participates in the development of JG cells and plays a key role in renin production. We used the myelin protein zero-Cre (P0-Cre) to abrogate Nrp1 constitutively in P0-Cre lineage-labelled cells of the kidney. We found that the P0-Cre precursor cells differentiate into renin-producing JG cells. We employed a lineage-tracing strategy combined with RNAscope quantification and metabolic studies to reveal a cell-autonomous role for NRP1 in JG cell function. Nrp1-deficient animals displayed abnormal levels of tissue renin expression and failed to adapt properly to a homeostatic challenge to sodium balance. These findings provide new insights into cell fate decisions and cellular plasticity operating in P0-Cre-expressing precursors and identify NRP1 as a novel key regulator of JG cell maturation. KEY POINTS: Renin is a centrepiece of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and is produced by specialized juxtaglomerular cells (JG) of the kidney. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a conserved membrane-bound receptor that regulates vascular and neuronal development, cancer aggressiveness and fibrosis progression. We used conditional mutagenesis and lineage tracing to show that NRP1 is expressed in JG cells where it regulates their function. Cell-specific Nrp1 knockout mice present with renin paucity in JG cells and struggle to adapt to a homeostatic challenge to sodium balance. The results support the versatility of renin-producing cells in the kidney and may open new avenues for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Shen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Kenza Lotenberg
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Zaworski
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | | | - Florence Vasseur
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Growth and Signalling departement, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Liliane Louedec
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Placier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Frère
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Verpont
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Galichon
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - David Buob
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Hadchouel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Growth and Signalling departement, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France
| | - Christos Chatziantoniou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Calmont
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Unité mixte de Recherche 1155, Kidney Research Centre, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
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Wang K, Liao Q, Chen X. Research progress on the mechanism of renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18723. [PMID: 37593609 PMCID: PMC10428074 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common result for various chronic kidney diseases developing to the end stage. It is a pathological process characterized by the destruction of normal kidney structure and the subsequent replacement with fibrous tissue, which primarily involves fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Obstruction is a common cause of renal fibrosis, and obstructive renal fibrosis is a common disease in urology. Obstructive renal fibrosis, characterized by its insidious onset, is the result of a complex interplay of multiple factors. These factors encompass renal tubular epithelial cell injury, the presence of a hypoxic microenvironment in affected kidney tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration, release of inflammatory mediators, and the release of renal fibrosis growth factors, among others. This paper reviews the research progress on the mechanism and treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangning Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Qiuling Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410011, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410008, China
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Yin H, Liu N, Zhou X, Chen J, Duan L. The advance of CCN3 in fibrosis. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00778-3. [PMID: 37378812 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00778-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is comprised of various extracellular macromolecules, including collagen, enzymes, and glycoproteins, which offer structural and biochemical support to neighboring cells. After tissue injury, extracellular matrix proteins deposit in the damaged tissue to promote tissue healing. However, an imbalance between ECM production and degradation can result in excessive deposition, leading to fibrosis and subsequent organ dysfunction. Acting as a regulatory protein within the extracellular matrix, CCN3 plays a crucial role in numerous biological processes, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and wound healing. Many studies have demonstrated that CCN3 can reduce the production of ECM in tissues through diverse mechanisms thereby exerting an inhibitory effect on fibrosis. Consequently, CCN3 emerges as a promising therapeutic target for ameliorating fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianming Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanchang, China.
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The Association of Nephroblastoma Overexpressed (NOV) and Endothelial Progenitor Cells with Oxidative Stress in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7138800. [PMID: 34868456 PMCID: PMC8635870 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7138800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress and is associated with cardiometabolic disease. Several biological substrates have been associated with OSA such as nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV), endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), and circulating endothelial cells (CEC). Few studies have looked at the association of NOV with OSA while the EPC/CEC relationships with OSA are unclear. In this study, we hypothesize that (1) NOV is associated with the severity of OSA independent of BMI, identifying a protein that may play a role in the biogenesis of OSA complications, and (2) EPCs and CECs are also associated with the severity of OSA and are biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in OSA. Methods 61 subjects underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG), clinical evaluation, and blood analysis for NOV, EPC, CEC, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and other potential biomarkers. Results NOV and EPCs were independently associated with the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) after adjusting for potential confounders including body mass index (BMI), age, and sex (NOV p = 0.032; EPC p = 0.001). EPC was also independently associated with AHI after adjusting for BMI, age, and sex (p = 0.017). IL-6 was independently associated with AHI, but not with ODI. Conclusion NOV and EPC levels correlate with the degree of OSA independent of BMI, indicating that these biomarkers could potentially further elucidate the relationship between OSA patients and their risk of the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease.
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McClung JA, Levy L, Garcia V, Stec DE, Peterson SJ, Abraham NG. Heme-oxygenase and lipid mediators in obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases: Therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107975. [PMID: 34499923 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Among many potential targets for pharmacological intervention, a promising strategy involves the heme oxygenase (HO) system, specifically its inducible form, HO-1. This review collects and updates much of the current knowledge relevant to pharmacology and clinical medicine concerning HO-1 in metabolic diseases and its effect on lipid metabolism. HO-1 has pleotropic effects that collectively reduce inflammation, while increasing vasodilation and insulin and leptin sensitivity. Recent reports indicate that HO-1 with its antioxidants via the effect of bilirubin increases formation of biologically active lipid metabolites such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Similarly, HO-1and bilirubin are potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of fat-induced liver diseases. HO-1-mediated upregulation of EET is capable not only of reversing endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, but also of reversing cardiac remodeling, a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome. This process involves browning of white fat tissue (i.e. formation of healthy adipocytes) and reduced lipotoxicity, which otherwise will be toxic to the heart. More importantly, this review examines the activity of EET in biological systems and a series of pathways that explain its mechanism of action and discusses how these might be exploited for potential therapeutic use. We also discuss the link between cardiac ectopic fat deposition and cardiac function in humans, which is similar to that described in obese mice and is regulated by HO-1-EET-PGC1α signaling, a potent negative regulator of the inflammatory adipokine NOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A McClung
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Lior Levy
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States of America; New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY 11215, United States of America
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America.
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GSDME-mediated pyroptosis promotes inflammation and fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2333-2350. [PMID: 33664482 PMCID: PMC8329275 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular cell (RTC) death and inflammation contribute to the progression of obstructive nephropathy, but its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Gasdermin E (GSDME) expression level and GSDME-N domain generation determined the RTC fate response to TNFα under the condition of oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation. Deletion of Caspase-3 (Casp3) or Gsdme alleviated renal tubule damage and inflammation and finally prevented the development of hydronephrosis and kidney fibrosis after ureteral obstruction. Using bone marrow transplantation and cell type-specific Casp3 knockout mice, we demonstrated that Casp3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in renal parenchymal cells, but not in hematopoietic cells, played predominant roles in this process. We further showed that HMGB1 released from pyroptotic RTCs amplified inflammatory responses, which critically contributed to renal fibrogenesis. Specific deletion of Hmgb1 in RTCs alleviated caspase11 and IL-1β activation in macrophages. Collectively, our results uncovered that TNFα/Casp3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis is responsible for the initiation of ureteral obstruction-induced renal tubule injury, which subsequentially contributes to the late-stage progression of hydronephrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This novel mechanism will provide valuable therapeutic insights for the treatment of obstructive nephropathy.
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The Emerging Roles of CCN3 Protein in Immune-Related Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5576059. [PMID: 34393649 PMCID: PMC8356028 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5576059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The CCN proteins are a family of extracellular matrix- (ECM-) associated proteins which currently consist of six secreted proteins (CCN1-6). CCN3 protein, also known as nephroblastoma overexpressed protein (NOV), is a member of the CCN family with multiple biological functions, implicated in major cellular processes such as cell growth, migration, and differentiation. Recently, CCN3 has emerged as a critical regulator in a variety of diseases, including immune-related diseases, including rheumatology arthritis, osteoarthritis, and systemic sclerosis. In this review, we will briefly introduce the structure and function of the CCN3 protein and summarize the roles of CCN3 in immune-related diseases, which is essential to understand the functions of the CCN3 in immune-related diseases.
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Empagliflozin Inhibits IL-1β-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Human Proximal Tubular Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105089. [PMID: 34064989 PMCID: PMC8151056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SGLT2 inhibitor-related nephroprotection is—at least partially—mediated by anti-inflammatory drug effects, as previously demonstrated in diabetic animal and human studies, as well as hyperglycemic cell culture models. We recently presented first evidence for anti-inflammatory potential of empagliflozin (Empa) under normoglycemic conditions in human proximal tubular cells (HPTC) by demonstrating Empa-mediated inhibition of IL-1β-induced MCP-1/CCL2 and ET-1 expression on the mRNA and protein level. We now add corroborating evidence on a genome-wide level by demonstrating that Empa attenuates the expression of several inflammatory response genes in IL-1β-induced (10 ng/mL) normoglycemic HPTCs. Using microarray-hybridization analysis, 19 inflammatory response genes out of >30.000 human genes presented a consistent expression pattern, that is, inhibition of IL-1β (10 ng/mL)-stimulated gene expression by Empa (500 nM), in both HK-2 and RPTEC/TERT1 cells. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated statistically significant clustering of annotated pathways (enrichment score 3.64). Our transcriptomic approach reveals novel genes such as CXCL8/IL8, LOX, NOV, PTX3, and SGK1 that might be causally involved in glycemia-independent nephroprotection by SGLT2i.
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Adiponectin: Structure, Physiological Functions, Role in Diseases, and Effects of Nutrition. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041180. [PMID: 33918360 PMCID: PMC8066826 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (a protein consisting of 244 amino acids and characterized by a molecular weight of 28 kDa) is a cytokine that is secreted from adipose tissues (adipokine). Available evidence suggests that adiponectin is involved in a variety of physiological functions, molecular and cellular events, including lipid metabolism, energy regulation, immune response and inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. It has a protective effect on neurons and neural stem cells. Adiponectin levels have been reported to be negatively correlated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, and shown to be affected (i.e., significantly increased) by proper healthy nutrition. The present review comprehensively overviews the role of adiponectin in a range of diseases, showing that it can be used as a biomarker for diagnosing these disorders as well as a target for monitoring the effectiveness of preventive and treatment interventions.
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Sun C, Zhang H, Liu X. Emerging role of CCN family proteins in fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4195-4206. [PMID: 33222181 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological change characterized by the excessive accumulation of fibrous connective tissue. Once uncontrolled, this pathological progress can lead to irreversible damage to the structure and function of organs, which is a serious threat to human health and life. Actually, the disability and death of patients caused by many chronic diseases have a closed relationship with fibrosis. The CCN protein family, including six members, is a small group of matrix proteins exhibiting structurally similar features. In the past 20 years, different biological functions of CCN proteins have been identified in various diseases. Of note, it has been recently shown that they are implicated in the key pathological process of fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge regarding the role of CCN proteins involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis diseases in detail. Furthermore, we highlight some of the underlying interaction mechanisms of CCN protein acting in fibrosis that helps to develop new drugs and determine appropriate clinical strategies for fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Naughton M, Moffat J, Eleftheriadis G, de la Vega Gallardo N, Young A, Falconer J, Hawkins K, Pearson B, Perbal B, Hogan A, Moynagh P, Loveless S, Robertson NP, Gran B, Kee R, Hughes S, McDonnell G, Howell O, Fitzgerald DC. CCN3 is dynamically regulated by treatment and disease state in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:349. [PMID: 33222687 PMCID: PMC7681974 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease that damages myelin in the central nervous system (CNS). We investigated the profile of CCN3, a known regulator of immune function and a potential mediator of myelin regeneration, in multiple sclerosis in the context of disease state and disease-modifying treatment. METHODS CCN3 expression was analysed in plasma, immune cells, CSF and brain tissue of MS patient groups and control subjects by ELISA, western blot, qPCR, histology and in situ hybridization. RESULTS Plasma CCN3 levels were comparable between collective MS cohorts and controls but were significantly higher in progressive versus relapsing-remitting MS and between patients on interferon-β versus natalizumab. Higher body mass index was associated with higher CCN3 levels in controls as reported previously, but this correlation was absent in MS patients. A significant positive correlation was found between CCN3 levels in matched plasma and CSF of MS patients which was absent in a comparator group of idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients. PBMCs and CD4+ T cells significantly upregulated CCN3 mRNA in MS patients versus controls. In the CNS, CCN3 was detected in neurons, astrocytes and blood vessels. Although overall levels of area immunoreactivity were comparable between non-affected, demyelinated and remyelinated tissue, the profile of expression varied dramatically. CONCLUSIONS This investigation provides the first comprehensive profile of CCN3 expression in MS and provides rationale to determine if CCN3 contributes to neuroimmunological functions in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Naughton
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jill Moffat
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - George Eleftheriadis
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Nira de la Vega Gallardo
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andrew Young
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - John Falconer
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Kristen Hawkins
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Ben Pearson
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | | | - Andrew Hogan
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Paul Moynagh
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sam Loveless
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Neil P Robertson
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Bruno Gran
- Clinical Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK/Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rachael Kee
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Stella Hughes
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gavin McDonnell
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Owain Howell
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Denise C Fitzgerald
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Smina TP, Rabeka M, Viswanathan V. Diabetic Foot Ulcer as a Cause of Significant Decline in the Renal Function Among South Indian Population With Type 2 Diabetes: Role of TGF-β1 and CCN Family Proteins. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2019; 18:354-361. [PMID: 31304816 DOI: 10.1177/1534734619862704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a total of 428 South Indian subjects were divided into four different groups, consisting of individuals with type 2 diabetes without any other complications (T2DM), T2DM subjects with stage 2 and 3 diabetic kidney disease (CKD), T2DM subjects with grade 2 or 3 diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and T2DM subjects having both diabetic kidney disease and diabetic foot ulcer (CKDDFU). The study was conducted ambispectively by comparing the changes in renal function among two consecutive periods, i.e., the period prior to the development of grade 2 and 3 diabetic foot ulcer (retrospectively) and after the development of DFU (prospectively). A gradual and uniform reduction of eGFR was observed throughout the study period in the subjects affected with either CKD or DFU alone. Whereas in subjects with both CKD and DFU, there was a sharp decline in the eGFR during the six months prior to the baseline, i.e., the period in which the development of ulcer and its progression to grade 2 or 3 happened. Remarkable elevations in the levels of TGF-β1 and CCN2 (CTGF), as well as a significant reduction in the level of CCN3 (NOV), were observed in the serum of CKDDFU group subjects, compared to the other groups. Increased production of TGF-β1 in response to the inflammatory stimulus from multiple sites in CKDDFU subjects caused a subsequent down-regulation of CCN3, followed by the activation of a large quantity of CCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Smina
- M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Chennai, India
| | - M Rabeka
- M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Vijay Viswanathan
- M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Chennai, India
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Balkawade RS, Chen C, Crowley MR, Crossman DK, Clapp WL, Verlander JW, Marshall CB. Podocyte-specific expression of Cre recombinase promotes glomerular basement membrane thickening. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F1026-F1040. [PMID: 30810063 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00359.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditional gene targeting using Cre recombinase has offered a powerful tool to modify gene function precisely in defined cells/tissues and at specific times. However, in mammalian cells, Cre recombinase can be genotoxic. The importance of including Cre-expressing control mice to avoid misinterpretation and to maximize the validity of the experimental results has been increasingly recognized. While studying the role of podocytes in the pathogenesis of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening, we used Cre recombinase driven by the podocyte-specific podocin promoter (NPHS2-Cre) to generate a conditional knockout. By conventional structural and functional measures (histology by periodic acid-Schiff staining, albuminuria, and plasma creatinine), we did not detect significant differences between NPHS2-Cre transgenic and wild-type control mice. However, surprisingly, the group that expressed Cre transgene alone developed signs of podocyte toxicity, including marked GBM thickening, loss of normal foot process morphology, and reduced Wilms tumor 1 expression. GBM thickening was characterized by altered expression of core structural protein laminin isoform α5β2γ1. RNA sequencing analysis of extracted glomeruli identified 230 genes that were significant and differentially expressed (applying a q < 0.05-fold change ≥ ±2 cutoff) in NPHS2-Cre mice compared with wild-type control mice. Many biological processes were reflected in the RNA sequencing data, including regulation of the extracellular matrix and pathways related to apoptosis and cell death. This study highlights the importance of including the appropriate controls for potential Cre-mediated toxicity in conditional gene-targeting experiments. Indeed, omitting the Cre transgene control can result in critical errors during interpretation of experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan S Balkawade
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Birmingham, Alabama.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Chao Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine Electron Microscopy Core, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael R Crowley
- Heflin Center for Genomic Science, Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David K Crossman
- Heflin Center for Genomic Science, Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William L Clapp
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jill W Verlander
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine Electron Microscopy Core, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Caroline B Marshall
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Birmingham, Alabama.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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14
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Rankin CR, Theodorou E, Man Law IK, Rowe L, Kokkotou E, Pekow J, Wang J, Martín MG, Pothoulakis C, Padua D. Identification of novel mRNAs and lncRNAs associated with mouse experimental colitis and human inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G722-G733. [PMID: 29953254 PMCID: PMC6293253 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00077.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder that is associated with significant morbidity. While many recent advances have been made with new diagnostic and therapeutic tools, a deeper understanding of its basic pathophysiology is needed to continue this trend toward improving treatments. By utilizing an unbiased, high-throughput transcriptomic analysis of two well-established mouse models of colitis, we set out to uncover novel coding and noncoding RNAs that are differentially expressed in the setting of colonic inflammation. RNA-seq analysis was performed using colonic tissue from two mouse models of colitis, a dextran sodium sulfate-induced model and a genetic-induced model in mice lacking IL-10. We identified 81 coding RNAs that were commonly altered in both experimental models. Of these coding RNAs, 12 of the human orthologs were differentially expressed in a transcriptomic analysis of IBD patients. Interestingly, 5 of the 12 of human differentially expressed genes have not been previously identified as IBD-associated genes, including ubiquitin D. Our analysis also identified 15 noncoding RNAs that were differentially expressed in either mouse model. Surprisingly, only three noncoding RNAs were commonly dysregulated in both of these models. The discovery of these new coding and noncoding RNAs expands our transcriptional knowledge of mouse models of IBD and offers additional targets to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiology of IBD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Much of the genome is transcribed as non-protein-coding RNAs; however, their role in inflammatory bowel disease is largely unknown. This study represents the first of its kind to analyze the expression of long noncoding RNAs in two mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease and correlate them to human clinical samples. Using high-throughput RNA-seq analysis, we identified new coding and noncoding RNAs that were differentially expressed such as ubiquitin D and 5730437C11Rik.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Robert Rankin
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Evangelos Theodorou
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ivy Ka Man Law
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lorraine Rowe
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Efi Kokkotou
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel Pekow
- 3Division of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jiafang Wang
- 4Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Martín G. Martín
- 4Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Padua
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California,5Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
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15
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Identification of the Gene Expression Rules That Define the Subtypes in Glioma. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100350. [PMID: 30322114 PMCID: PMC6210469 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common brain cancer derived from glial cells, gliomas have three subtypes: glioblastoma, diffuse astrocytoma, and anaplastic astrocytoma. The subtypes have distinctive clinical features but are closely related to each other. A glioblastoma can be derived from the early stage of diffuse astrocytoma, which can be transformed into anaplastic astrocytoma. Due to the complexity of these dynamic processes, single-cell gene expression profiles are extremely helpful to understand what defines these subtypes. We analyzed the single-cell gene expression profiles of 5057 cells of anaplastic astrocytoma tissues, 261 cells of diffuse astrocytoma tissues, and 1023 cells of glioblastoma tissues with advanced machine learning methods. In detail, a powerful feature selection method, Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS) method, was adopted to analyze the gene expression profiles of cells, resulting in a feature list. Then, the incremental feature selection (IFS) method was applied to the obtained feature list, with the help of support vector machine (SVM), to extract key features (genes) and construct an optimal SVM classifier. Several key biomarker genes, such as IGFBP2, IGF2BP3, PRDX1, NOV, NEFL, HOXA10, GNG12, SPRY4, and BCL11A, were identified. In addition, the underlying rules of classifying the three subtypes were produced by Johnson reducer algorithm. We found that in diffuse astrocytoma, PRDX1 is highly expressed, and in glioblastoma, the expression level of PRDX1 is low. These rules revealed the difference among the three subtypes, and how they are formed and transformed. These genes are not only biomarkers for glioma subtypes, but also drug targets that may switch the clinical features or even reverse the tumor progression.
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16
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Yamanishi K, Mukai K, Hashimoto T, Ikubo K, Nakasho K, El-Darawish Y, Li W, Okuzaki D, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa T, Nojima H, Yamanishi H, Okamura H, Matsunaga H. Physiological and molecular effects of interleukin-18 administration on the mouse kidney. J Transl Med 2018. [PMID: 29514661 PMCID: PMC5842592 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytokine interleukin-18 was originally identified as an interferon-γ-inducing proinflammatory factor; however, there is increasing evidence to suggest that it has non-immunological effects on physiological functions. We previously investigated the potential pathophysiological relationship between interleukin-18 and dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and suggested interleukin-18 as a possible novel treatment for not only these diseases but also for cancer immunotherapy. Before clinical application, the effects of interleukin-18 on the kidney need to be determined. In the current study, we examined the kidney of interleukin-18 knockout (Il18-/-) mice and the effects of interleukin-18 on the kidney following intravenous administration of recombinant interleukin-18. METHODS Il18-/- male mice were generated on the C57Bl/6 background and littermate C57Bl/6 Il18+/+ male mice were used as controls. To assess kidney damage, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were measured and histopathological analysis was performed. For molecular analysis, microarray and quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed using mice 6 and 12 weeks old. To evaluate the short- and long-term effects of interleukin-18 on the kidney, recombinant interleukin-18 was administered for 2 and 12 weeks, respectively. RESULTS Compared with Il18+/+ mice, Il18-/- mice developed kidney failure in their youth-6 weeks of age, but the condition was observed to improve as the mice aged, even though dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and higher insulin resistance occurred. Analyses of potential molecular mechanisms involved in the onset of early kidney failure in Il18-/- mice identified a number of associated genes, such as Itgam, Nov, and Ppard. Intravenous administration of recombinant interleukin-18 over both the short and long term showed no effects on the kidney despite significant improvement in metabolic diseases. CONCLUSIONS Short- and long-term administration of interleukin-18 appeared to have no adverse effects on the kidney in these mice, suggesting that administration may be a safe and novel treatment for metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yamanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Mukai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ikubo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakasho
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yosif El-Darawish
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- DNA-Chip Development Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, 2-1-1 Tsudahigashi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0122, Japan
| | - Tetsu Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nojima
- DNA-Chip Development Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yamanishi
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders, 2-1-1 Tsudahigashi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0122, Japan
| | - Haruki Okamura
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hisato Matsunaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
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17
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Singh SP, McClung JA, Bellner L, Cao J, Waldman M, Schragenheim J, Arad M, Hochhauser E, Falck JR, Weingarten JA, Peterson SJ, Abraham NG. CYP-450 Epoxygenase Derived Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Contribute To Reversal of Heart Failure in Obesity-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via PGC-1 α Activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 7. [PMID: 29707604 PMCID: PMC5922773 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6607.1000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that an Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid (EET) -agonist has pleiotropic effects and reverses cardiomyopathy by decreasing inflammatory molecules and increasing antioxidant signaling. We hypothesized that administration of an EET agonist would increase Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α), which controls mitochondrial function and induction of HO-1 and negatively regulates the expression of the proinflammatory adipokines CCN3/NOV in cardiac and pericardial tissues. This pathway would be expected to further improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function as well as increase insulin receptor phosphorylation. Measurement of the effect of an EET agonist on oxygen consumption, fractional shortening, blood glucose levels, thermogenic and mitochondrial signaling proteins was performed. Control obese mice developed signs of metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance, hypertension, inflammation, LV dysfunction, and increased NOV expression in pericardial adipose tissue. EET agonist intervention decreased pericardial adipose tissue expression of NOV, while normalized FS, increased PGC-1α, HO-1 levels, insulin receptor phosphorylation and improved mitochondrial function, theses beneficial effect were reversed by deletion of PGC-1α. These studies demonstrate that an EET agonist increases insulin receptor phosphorylation, mitochondrial and thermogenic gene expression, decreased cardiac and pericardial tissue NOV levels, and ameliorates cardiomyopathy in an obese mouse model of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - J A McClung
- Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - L Bellner
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - J Cao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - M Waldman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - J Schragenheim
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - M Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - E Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - J R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - J A Weingarten
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.,New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, USA
| | - S J Peterson
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.,New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, USA
| | - N G Abraham
- Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Joan Edward School of Medicine, West Virginia, USA
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18
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Liu HF, Liu H, Lv LL, Ma KL, Wen Y, Chen L, Liu BC. CCN3 suppresses TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix accumulation in human mesangial cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:222-229. [PMID: 28858296 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular sclerosis is characterized by mesangial cell proliferation and progressive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. CCN3 belongs to the CCN family of matrix proteins; increasing evidence suggests that CCN3 is an endogenous negative regulator of the ECM and fibrosis. However, the exact role of CCN3 in the accumulation of ECM remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CCN3 on TGF-β1-induced production of ECM in human mesangial cells (HMCs) in vitro. Treatment with TGF-β1 (0.5-2.0 ng/mL) suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of CCN3 in HMCs in dose- and time-dependent manners. Furthermore, treatment with TGF-β1 significantly increased the expression of the two markers of renal fibrosis, fibronectin (FN) and type I collagen (COLI), in HMCs. Moreover, treatment with TGF-β1 significantly decreased the expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, and markedly increased the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in HMCs. Pretreatment of HMCs with exogenous CCN3 (5-500 ng/mL) or overexpression of CCN3 significantly attenuated TGF-β1-induced changes in FN, COLI, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in HMCs. These results suggest that CCN3 suppresses TGF-β1-induced accumulation of ECM in HMCs. CCN3 may have potential as a novel therapeutic target for alleviating glomerulosclerosis.
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19
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Weingarten JA, Bellner L, Peterson SJ, Zaw M, Chadha P, Singh SP, Abraham NG. The association of NOV/CCN3 with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): preliminary evidence of a novel biomarker in OSA. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 31:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2017-0029/hmbci-2017-0029.xml. [PMID: 28862983 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a strong association with cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, although the mechanism driving this association is not well established. NOV/CCN3, a multifunctional extracellular matrix protein, may play a mechanistic and/or prognostic role in these associations. We hypothesized that patients with OSA, which primarily affects obese individuals, will have increased levels of NOV, and that NOV can serve as a biomarker in patients to predict OSA as well as metabolic and cardiac risk. Ten morbidly obese and 10 healthy lean subjects underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and clinical evaluation. Blood samples were analyzed for NOV levels, adiponectin and IL-6. OSA was found in nine obese subjects and three lean subjects. NOV levels were significantly higher in the OSA vs. no OSA group (2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 1.3 ± 0.8, p < 0.03). NOV levels were significantly higher in the obese vs. lean group (2.2 ± 0.3 vs. 1.4 ± 0.2-fold change, p < 0.03). Among lean subjects, NOV levels were significantly higher in the OSA vs. no OSA group (2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 1.0 ± 0.4, p < 0.05). NOV and AHI were positively correlated (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.033). IL-6 and adiponectin differences in obese vs. lean and OSA vs. no OSA were consistent with an inflammatory phenotype in obese subjects and OSA subjects. NOV is a novel biomarker of the presence and severity of OSA and a potential marker of future cardiovascular and metabolic disease in OSA patients.
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20
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Xiao X, Du C, Yan Z, Shi Y, Duan H, Ren Y. Inhibition of Necroptosis Attenuates Kidney Inflammation and Interstitial Fibrosis Induced By Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction. Am J Nephrol 2017; 46:131-138. [PMID: 28723681 DOI: 10.1159/000478746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays a crucial role in renal interstitial fibrosis, the pathway of chronic kidney diseases. Necroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, which plays a potential role in inflammation and renal diseases. The small molecule necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is a specific inhibitor of necroptosis. This study was aimed at determining the role of necroptosis, RIP1/RIP3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) signaling pathway, in renal inflammation and interstitial fibrosis related to primitive tubulointerstitial injury. It was also aimed at evaluating the effect of Nec-1 in renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). METHODS Renal histology, immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed using UUO C57BL/6J mice model. Moreover, we tested whether Nec-1 was renal-protective in the interstitial fibrosis kidney. Mice were exposed to UUO and injected intraperitoneal with Nec-1 or vehicle. RESULTS The levels of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL protein and mRNA were increased in the obstructed kidneys 7 days after UUO; this was accompanied by changes in renal pathological lesions. Renal histological examination showed lesser renal damage in Nec-1-treated UUO mice. Renal inflammation, assessed by tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 was markedly attenuated by Nec-1. Furthermore, Nec-1 treatment also significantly reduced TGF-β and α-smooth muscle actin, indicating lesser renal interstitial fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the participation of necroptosis in UUO is partly demonstrated. And necroptosis inhibition may have a potential role in the treatment of diseases with increased inflammatory response and interstitial fibrosis in renal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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Prakoura N, Chatziantoniou C. Matricellular Proteins and Organ Fibrosis. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Liu D, Wang LN, Li HX, Huang P, Qu LB, Chen FY. Pentoxifylline plus ACEIs/ARBs for proteinuria and kidney function in chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:383-398. [PMID: 28415944 PMCID: PMC5536675 DOI: 10.1177/0300060516663094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline (PTF) plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) for proteinuria and kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods CENTRAL, EMBASE, Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed, and CNKI were searched for relevant, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis was performed to review the effect of PTF plus ACEIs/ARBs vs. ACEIs/ARBs alone on proteinuria and kidney function in CKD. Results Eleven RCTs including 705 patients were retrieved. PTF plus ACEI/ARB treatment significantly decreased proteinuria in patients with CKD within 6 months (standard mean difference [SMD] −0.52; 95% CI −0.90 to 0.15; I2 = 68%) and significantly attenuated a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with stages 3–5 CKD after 6 months of treatment (standard mean difference [SMD] 0.30; confidence limit [Cl] 95% CI 0.06 to 0.54; I2 = 0%). PTF plus ACEIs/ARBs for 9 to 12 months significantly reduced albuminuria in patients with CKD (SMD−0.30, 95% CI −0.57 to 0.03; I2 = 0%) and alleviated the decline in eGFR in patients with stages 3–5 CKD (SMD 0.51; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.96; I2 = 61%). Conclusion The combination of an ACEI or ARB and PTF has a protective effect in reducing proteinuria by ameliorating the decline in eGFR in patients with stages 3–5 CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- 1 Department of Nephrology, the Air Force General Hospital, Chinese PLA. Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- 2 Department of Nephrology, Henan Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hong-Xia Li
- 1 Department of Nephrology, the Air Force General Hospital, Chinese PLA. Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Ping Huang
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Bo Qu
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Yan Chen
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Takayama I, Tanabe H, Nishiyama T, Ito H, Amizuka N, Li M, Katsube KI, Kii I, Kudo A. Periostin is required for matricellular localization of CCN3 in periodontal ligament of mice. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 11:5-13. [PMID: 28013443 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CCN3 is a matricellular protein that belongs to the CCN family. CCN3 consists of 4 domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-like domain (IGFBP), von Willebrand type C-like domain (VWC), thrombospondin type 1-like domain (TSP1), and the C-terminal domain (CT) having a cysteine knot motif. Periostin is a secretory protein that binds to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin and collagen. In this study, we found that CCN3 interacted with periostin. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the TSP1-CT interacted with the 4 repeats of the Fas 1 domain of periostin. Immunofluorescence analysis showed co-localization of CCN3 and periostin in the periodontal ligament of mice. In addition, targeted disruption of the periostin gene in mice decreased the matricellular localization of CCN3 in the periodontal ligament. Thus, these results indicate that periostin was required for the matricellular localization of CCN3 in the periodontal ligament, suggesting that periostin mediated an interaction between CCN3 and the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Takayama
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tanabe
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.,Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke-Shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Harumi Ito
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Division of Oral Health Science, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Minqi Li
- Division of Oral Health Science, Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 44-1, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ken-Ichi Katsube
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Human Care, Tohto College of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isao Kii
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan. .,Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Akira Kudo
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-33, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan.
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24
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Martinerie C, Garcia M, Do TTH, Antoine B, Moldes M, Dorothee G, Kazazian C, Auclair M, Buyse M, Ledent T, Marchal PO, Fesatidou M, Beisseiche A, Koseki H, Hiraoka S, Chadjichristos CE, Blondeau B, Denis RG, Luquet S, Fève B. NOV/CCN3: A New Adipocytokine Involved in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance. Diabetes 2016; 65:2502-15. [PMID: 27284105 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of new adipokines that potentially link obesity to insulin resistance represents a major challenge. We recently showed that NOV/CCN3, a multifunctional matricellular protein, is synthesized and secreted by adipose tissue, with plasma levels highly correlated with BMI. NOV involvement in tissue repair, fibrotic and inflammatory diseases, and cancer has been previously reported. However, its role in energy homeostasis remains unknown. We investigated the metabolic phenotype of NOV(-/-) mice fed a standard or high-fat diet (HFD). Strikingly, the weight of NOV(-/-) mice was markedly lower than that of wild-type mice but only on an HFD. This was related to a significant decrease in fat mass associated with an increased proportion of smaller adipocytes and to a higher expression of genes involved in energy expenditure. NOV(-/-) mice fed an HFD displayed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Interestingly, the absence of NOV was associated with a change in macrophages profile (M1-like to M2-like), in a marked decrease in adipose tissue expression of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and in enhanced insulin signaling. Conversely, NOV treatment of adipocytes increased chemokine expression. Altogether, these results show that NOV is a new adipocytokine that could be involved in obesity-associated insulin-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Martinerie
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Marie Garcia
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Thi Thu Huong Do
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Antoine
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Marthe Moldes
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Dorothee
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Kazazian
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Marion Buyse
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France Department of Pharmacy, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Paris-Sud University, EA 4123, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Tatiana Ledent
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Marchal
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Beisseiche
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Haruhiko Koseki
- RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology (RCAI), RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Bertrand Blondeau
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | | | - Serge Luquet
- Sorbonne Paris City University, Paris Diderot University, BFA, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN, Paris, France Department of Endocrinology, Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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