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Coelho MAG, Pearson GA, Boavida JRH, Paulo D, Aurelle D, Arnaud‐Haond S, Gómez‐Gras D, Bensoussan N, López‐Sendino P, Cerrano C, Kipson S, Bakran‐Petricioli T, Ferretti E, Linares C, Garrabou J, Serrão EA, Ledoux J. Not out of the Mediterranean: Atlantic populations of the gorgonian Paramuricea clavata are a separate sister species under further lineage diversification. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9740. [PMID: 36789139 PMCID: PMC9912747 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The accurate delimitation of species boundaries in nonbilaterian marine taxa is notoriously difficult, with consequences for many studies in ecology and evolution. Anthozoans are a diverse group of key structural organisms worldwide, but the lack of reliable morphological characters and informative genetic markers hampers our ability to understand species diversification. We investigated population differentiation and species limits in Atlantic (Iberian Peninsula) and Mediterranean lineages of the octocoral genus Paramuricea previously identified as P. clavata. We used a diverse set of molecular markers (microsatellites, RNA-seq derived single-copy orthologues [SCO] and mt-mutS [mitochondrial barcode]) at 49 locations. Clear segregation of Atlantic and Mediterranean lineages was found with all markers. Species-tree estimations based on SCO strongly supported these two clades as distinct, recently diverged sister species with incomplete lineage sorting, P. cf. grayi and P. clavata, respectively. Furthermore, a second putative (or ongoing) speciation event was detected in the Atlantic between two P. cf. grayi color morphotypes (yellow and purple) using SCO and supported by microsatellites. While segregating P. cf. grayi lineages showed considerable geographic structure, dominating circalittoral communities in southern (yellow) and western (purple) Portugal, their occurrence in sympatry at some localities suggests a degree of reproductive isolation. Overall, our results show that previous molecular and morphological studies have underestimated species diversity in Paramuricea occurring in the Iberian Peninsula, which has important implications for conservation planning. Finally, our findings validate the usefulness of phylotranscriptomics for resolving evolutionary relationships in octocorals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio A. G. Coelho
- Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR)University of AlgarveFaroPortugal
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreISPA‐Instituto UniversitárioLisboaPortugal
| | | | | | - Diogo Paulo
- Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR)University of AlgarveFaroPortugal
| | - Didier Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIOMarseilleFrance
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRSSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Sophie Arnaud‐Haond
- MARBEC (Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation)Univ. Montpellier, IFREMER, CNRS, IRDSète CedexFrance
| | - Daniel Gómez‐Gras
- Hawai‘i Institute of Marine BiologyUniversity of Hawai‘i at MānoaKaneoheHawaiiUSA
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsUniversitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nathaniel Bensoussan
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIOMarseilleFrance
- Departament de Biologia MarinaInstitut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Paula López‐Sendino
- Departament de Biologia MarinaInstitut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DiSVA)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa)RomeItaly
- Stazione Zoologica Anton DohrnNaplesItaly
- Fano Marine CenterFanoItaly
| | - Silvija Kipson
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
- SEAFAN – Marine Research & ConsultancyZagrebCroatia
| | | | - Eliana Ferretti
- Studio Associato GAIA s.n.c.GenoaItaly
- Institute of Marine ScienceThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Cristina Linares
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsUniversitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Joaquim Garrabou
- Aix Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIOMarseilleFrance
- Departament de Biologia MarinaInstitut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Ester A. Serrão
- Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR)University of AlgarveFaroPortugal
- CIBIO/InBIO‐Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosVairãoPortugal
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Ledoux
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e AmbientalUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
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Lendvay B, Cartier LE, Costantini F, Iwasaki N, Everett MV, Krzemnicki MS, Kratzer A, Morf NV. Coral-ID: A forensically validated genetic test to identify precious coral material and its application to objects seized from illegal traffic. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2022; 58:102663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Tatenhove JPM, Ramírez‐Monsalve P, Carballo‐Cárdenas E, Papadopoulou N, Smith CJ, Alferink L, Ounanian K, Long R. The governance of marine restoration: insights from three cases in two European seas. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan P. M. Tatenhove
- Centre for Blue Governance, Department of Planning Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14 Aalborg 9000 Denmark
| | - Paulina Ramírez‐Monsalve
- Centre for Blue Governance, Department of Planning Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14 Aalborg 9000 Denmark
| | - Eira Carballo‐Cárdenas
- Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706KN Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Papadopoulou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Crete P.O. Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion Greece
| | - Chris J. Smith
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research Crete P.O. Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion Greece
| | - Lieke Alferink
- Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706KN Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Kristen Ounanian
- Centre for Blue Governance, Department of Planning Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14 Aalborg 9000 Denmark
| | - Ronan Long
- World Maritime University ‐ Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University, Fiskehamnsgatan 1 Malmö Sweden
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Mallo M, Ziveri P, Reyes-García V, Rossi S. Historical record of Corallium rubrum and its changing carbon sequestration capacity: A meta-analysis from the North Western Mediterranean. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223802. [PMID: 31851690 PMCID: PMC6919573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a scarcity of long time-span and geographically wide research on the health status of Corallium rubrum, including limited research on its historical ecology and carbon sequestration capacity. Objectives To reconstruct the temporal trends of the most reported C. rubrum population parameters in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea and to determine the changes in total carbon sequestration by this species. Data sources Quantitative and qualitative, academic and grey documents were collected from scientific web browsers, scientific libraries, and requests to scientists. Study eligibility criteria Documents with original information of basal diameter, height and/or weight per colony, with a depth limit of 60 m in the Catalan and Ligurian Seas were analyzed. Synthesis methods We calculated yearly average values of C. rubrum biometric parameters, as well as estimated total weight, carbon flux, and carbon fixation in the structures of C. rubrum’s colonies. Results In both study areas, the values of the selected morphometric parameters for C. rubrum decreased until the 1990s, then increased from the 2000s, with average values surpassing the levels of the 1960s (Ligurian Sea) or reaching levels slightly lower than those of the 1980s (Catalan Sea). The difference in carbon sequestered between the oldest (1960s: Ligurian Sea; 1970s: Catalan Sea) and the lowest (1990s) biomass value of colonies is nearly double. Limitations Quantitative data previous to the 1990s are very limited. Information on recent recovery trends in C. rubrum parameters is concentrated in a few areas and biased towards colonies in marine protected areas, with scarce quantitative information from colonies in other areas. Conclusions The halt in the C. rubrum decreasing trend coincided with the exhaustion of tree-like colonies and the first recovery response due to effective protection measures in some areas. Nevertheless, C. rubrum climate change mitigation capacity through carbon sequestration can be drastically reduced from its potential in only a few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Mallo
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrizia Ziveri
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Pilczynska J, Cocito S, Boavida J, Serrão EA, Assis J, Fragkopoulou E, Queiroga H. Genetic diversity increases with depth in red gorgonian populations of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6794. [PMID: 31179167 PMCID: PMC6536111 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the ocean, the variability of environmental conditions found along depth gradients exposes populations to contrasting levels of perturbation, which can be reflected in the overall patterns of species genetic diversity. At shallow sites, resource availability may structure large, persistent and well-connected populations with higher levels of diversity. In contrast, the more extreme conditions, such as thermal stress during heat waves, can lead to population bottlenecks and genetic erosion, inverting the natural expectation. Here we examine how genetic diversity varies along depth for a long-lived, important ecosystem-structuring species, the red gorgonian, Paramuricea clavata. Methods We used five polymorphic microsatellite markers to infer differences in genetic diversity and differentiation, and to detect bottleneck signs between shallow and deeper populations across the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. We further explored the potential relationship between depth and environmental gradients (temperature, ocean currents, productivity and slope) on the observed patterns of diversity by means of generalized linear mixed models. Results An overall pattern of higher genetic diversity was found in the deeper sites of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This pattern was largely explained by bottom temperatures, with a linear pattern of decreasing genetic diversity with increasing thermal stress. Genetic differentiation patterns showed higher gene flow within sites (i.e., shallow vs. deeper populations) than between sites. Recent genetic bottlenecks were found in two populations of shallow depths. Discussion Our results highlight the role of deep refugial populations safeguarding higher and unique genetic diversity for marine structuring species. Theoretical regression modelling demonstrated how thermal stress alone may reduce population sizes and diversity levels of shallow water populations. In fact, the examination of time series on a daily basis showed the upper water masses repeatedly reaching lethal temperatures for P. clavata. Differentiation patterns showed that the deep richer populations are isolated. Gene flow was also inferred across different depths; however, not in sufficient levels to offset the detrimental effects of surface environmental conditions on genetic diversity. The identification of deep isolated areas with high conservation value for the red gorgonian represents an important step in the face of ongoing and future climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilczynska
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cocito
- Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development-ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Joana Boavida
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Marseille, France
| | - Ester A Serrão
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Assis
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Eliza Fragkopoulou
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Henrique Queiroga
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Disturbance in Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems and Linkages to Conservation and Management. CORAL REEFS OF THE WORLD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92735-0_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Stratoudakis Y, Hilário A, Ribeiro C, Abecasis D, Gonçalves EJ, Andrade F, Carreira GP, Gonçalves JM, Freitas L, Pinheiro LM, Batista MI, Henriques M, Oliveira PB, Oliveira P, Afonso P, Arriegas PI, Henriques S. Environmental representativity in marine protected area networks over large and partly unexplored seascapes. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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From depth to regional spatial genetic differentiation of Eunicella cavolini in the NW Mediterranean. C R Biol 2018; 341:421-432. [PMID: 30318420 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Connectivity studies in the marine realm are of great importance to understand the evolutionary potential of populations in a context of growing pressures on the marine environment. Here, we investigated the effect of the local, regional, and depth spatial scale on the population genetic structure of the yellow gorgonian Eunicella cavolini, one of the most common octocoral species of the Mediterranean hard-bottom communities. This species, along with other sessile metazoans typical of coralligenous ecosystems, plays an important role in supporting biodiversity, but is also impacted by direct and indirect consequences of human activities, such as physical destruction or mortality events due to thermal anomalies. Samples were taken from 15 sites located in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) in two adjacent regions 100 kilometres apart, i.e. from the areas of Marseille (France) and Portofino (Genoa, Italy), and were analysed using six microsatellite loci. A pattern of isolation by distance was observed at the regional as well as the local scales. Although E. cavolini showed less genetic structure than other Mediterranean octocorallian species, we observed a significant genetic differentiation between populations a few kilometres apart. A low genetic differentiation was also observed between shallow and deep populations. The occurrence of genetically differentiated populations of E. cavolini at the scale of kilometres has important consequences for the management of this species and of the associated communities.
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Re-shifting the ecological baseline for the overexploited Mediterranean red coral. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42404. [PMID: 28198382 PMCID: PMC5309836 DOI: 10.1038/srep42404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexploitation leads to the ecological extinction of many oceanic species. The depletion of historical abundances of large animals, such as whales and sea turtles, is well known. However, the magnitude of the historical overfishing of exploited invertebrates is unclear. The lack of rigorous baseline data limits the implementation of efficient management and conservation plans in the marine realm. The precious Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum has been intensively exploited since antiquity for its use in jewellery. It shows dramatic signs of overexploitation, with no untouched populations known in shallow waters. Here, we report the discovery of an exceptional red coral population from a previously unexplored shallow underwater cave in Corsica (France) harbouring the largest biomass (by more than 100-fold) reported to date in the Mediterranean. Our findings challenge current assumptions on the pristine state of this emblematic species. Our results suggest that, before intense exploitation, red coral lived in relatively high-density populations with a large proportion of centuries-old colonies, even at very shallow depths. We call for the re-evaluation of the baseline for red coral and question the sustainability of the exploitation of a species that is still common but ecologically (functionally) extinct and in a trajectory of further decline.
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Boavida J, Assis J, Silva I, Serrão EA. Overlooked habitat of a vulnerable gorgonian revealed in the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic by ecological niche modelling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36460. [PMID: 27841263 PMCID: PMC5107895 DOI: 10.1038/srep36460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors shaping the distribution of mesophotic octocorals (30-200 m depth) remain poorly understood, potentially leaving overlooked coral areas, particularly near their bathymetric and geographic distributional limits. Yet, detailed knowledge about habitat requirements is crucial for conservation of sensitive gorgonians. Here we use Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) relating thirteen environmental predictors and a highly comprehensive presence dataset, enhanced by SCUBA diving surveys, to investigate the suitable habitat of an important structuring species, Paramuricea clavata, throughout its distribution (Mediterranean and adjacent Atlantic). Models showed that temperature (11.5-25.5 °C) and slope are the most important predictors carving the niche of P. clavata. Prediction throughout the full distribution (TSS 0.9) included known locations of P. clavata alongside with previously unknown or unreported sites along the coast of Portugal and Africa, including seamounts. These predictions increase the understanding of the potential distribution for the northern Mediterranean and indicate suitable hard bottom areas down to >150 m depth. Poorly sampled habitats with predicted presence along Algeria, Alboran Sea and adjacent Atlantic coasts encourage further investigation. We propose that surveys of target areas from the predicted distribution map, together with local expert knowledge, may lead to discoveries of new P. clavata sites and identify priority conservation areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Boavida
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Assis
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Inga Silva
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A. Serrão
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Correction: A Well-Kept Treasure at Depth: Precious Red Coral Rediscovered in Atlantic Deep Coral Gardens (SW Portugal) after 300 Years. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150654. [PMID: 26918753 PMCID: PMC4769295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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